Generated by All in One SEO Pro v5.0.0.1, this is an llms-full.txt file, used by LLMs to index the site. # Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - A Community of Extraordinary Care ## Posts ### [Hand Numbness and Tingling: Causes and When to Seek Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/hand-numbness-and-tingling-causes-and-when-to-seek-care/) **Published:** August 3, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Numbness and Tingling in Your Hands: What It May Mean Numbness and tingling in your hands can be easy to ignore at first, especially if they come and go. When it keeps returning, wakes you up at night, or starts affecting your grip, it may mean a nerve is being irritated or squeezed. Knowing common causes can help you decide when to get medical care. You may notice pins and needles while driving, typing, reading, or holding your phone. Some people also report burning pain, hand weakness, or discomfort that spreads into the wrist, forearm, or elbow. These details can help sort out where the problem may start. Similar symptoms can come from different problems. That is why it helps to get an exam instead of guessing. A clinician can check where the nerve signals seem to be changing, then guide you to the treatment that fits the likely cause. ![Close-up of elderly hands gently clasped, interlaced fingers against a gray background.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/an-older-man-indicates-an-area-of-pain-on-his-thum-2026-03-26-06-22-00-utc-1-scaled.jpg "an-older-man-indicates-an-area-of-pain-on-his-thum-2026-03-26-06-22-00-utc - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")an older man indicates an area of pain on his thum 2026 03 26 06 22 00 utc### Common Reasons Your Hands May Feel Numb or Tingly # What You Should Know --- - Numbness and tingling often happen when a nerve is under pressure somewhere between your neck and your hand. - Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common cause, but it is not the only one. - Cubital tunnel syndrome can affect the ring and small fingers, especially when your elbow stays bent for long periods. - Symptoms may show up during sleep, computer work, driving, or repeated hand use. - Weakness, dropping objects, or trouble with fine tasks can suggest the nerve is affected more than before. - Some people feel symptoms in all fingers, while others notice it in certain parts of the hand. - Neck problems can also cause numbness or tingling that travels down the arm into the hand. - Getting help early may reduce irritation before lasting nerve changes develop. - Splints, activity changes, therapy, medicines, or surgery may be considered based on the cause. - When symptoms keep returning, it is safer to get them checked rather than waiting for them to worsen. ![Close-up of a person’s hands clasped together, fingers interlaced, wearing a pinkish sweater.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/woman-s-hands-with-painful-swollen-fingers-close-u-2026-03-09-22-25-56-utc-683x1024.jpg "Woman hands with atopic dermatitis eczema allergy reaction on skin - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Why These Symptoms Happen Nerves send signals between your brain, spinal cord, and the rest of your body. When a nerve becomes irritated, inflamed, or compressed, the signals it sends can change. That change may lead to tingling, numbness, burning pain, or weakness. Where you feel symptoms often gives clues. The exact fingers involved, the time of day, and whether you also have neck, wrist, or elbow pain can help point to the area where the nerve may be affected. In many cases, the cause is nerve compression. This means pressure is building on a nerve as it moves through a tight space in the body. But compression is not the only possibility, so evaluation still matters. ## Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common reason for numbness and tingling in the hand. It happens when the median nerve is compressed as it passes through the carpal tunnel, a narrow space in the wrist. This condition often affects the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and part of the ring finger. At first, symptoms may come and go. Over time, they can start to happen more often. - Numbness or tingling in the thumb, index, and middle fingers - Symptoms that are worse at night or when you first wake up - Discomfort during driving, typing, or holding a phone or book - Hand weakness or trouble gripping objects - Occasional dropping of items unexpectedly Because carpal tunnel syndrome may slowly worsen, it is a good idea to seek care if symptoms are becoming more frequent or if weakness begins. Early steps may help reduce irritation. ## Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Cubital tunnel syndrome affects the ulnar nerve, which runs along the inner side of the elbow. Some people notice it as the nerve area that feels like a quick electric shock when you hit your “funny bone.” When the ulnar nerve is irritated or compressed, numbness and tingling may show up in the ring finger and small finger. Symptoms often become more noticeable when the elbow stays bent for a long time, such as during sleep or desk work. - Tingling in the ring and small fingers - Symptoms that show up when sleeping with the elbow bent - Numbness during phone use or desk work - Hand weakness, especially with pinch or grip tasks - Clumsiness with fine motor tasks ## Could the Problem Be Coming From Your Neck? Not all nerve symptoms in the hand start in the hand or wrist. In some cases, a nerve root in the cervical spine, meaning the neck area, becomes irritated. Then signals can travel down the arm and into the hand. This is sometimes called cervical radiculopathy. Along with tingling or numbness, you may also feel neck pain, shoulder discomfort, or pain that radiates along the arm. These clues can help guide the right evaluation. ## Common Patterns of Hand Numbness and Tingling Possible CauseWhere You May Feel ItCommon Clues**Carpal tunnel syndrome**Thumb, index, middle, and part of the ring fingerOften worse at night, during driving, typing, or gripping**Cubital tunnel syndrome**Ring finger and small fingerOften worse with a bent elbow, sleep, or phone use**Neck-related nerve irritation**Can travel down the arm into the handMay happen with neck pain, shoulder pain, or radiating arm symptoms ## Other Symptoms to Watch For Numbness and tingling can be an early warning sign, but they are not always the only symptoms. As nerve irritation continues, other problems may appear and can help show how much the nerve is being affected. - Burning or aching pain - Weakness in the hand or fingers - Difficulty gripping, pinching, or buttoning clothing - Dropping objects more often - Symptoms that wake you from sleep If you are noticing weakness or losing hand control, it is especially important not to wait too long for an evaluation. That can help reduce the chance of lasting problems. ## How We Evaluate Hand Numbness An exam usually starts with listening to your symptoms and checking your neck, shoulders, elbows, wrists, and hands. The pattern of numbness, what triggers it, and how long it has been happening can help guide next steps. Your clinician may also check strength, feeling in the skin, and reflexes. If needed, more tests may be suggested to confirm which nerve is involved and how severely it is being affected. ![Hands clasped over a desk near an open laptop, with glasses and a notebook in view.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/stressed-business-woman-suffering-from-wrist-pain-2026-03-19-21-44-51-utc-scaled.jpg "Stressed business woman suffering from wrist pain Office syndrome concept - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Stressed business woman suffering from wrist pain Office syndrome concept ## Treatment Options Treatment depends on the cause of your symptoms, how long they have been present, and whether nerve weakness is involved. Many people improve with non-surgical care, especially when treatment starts sooner. - Activity changes to reduce pressure on the nerve - Bracing or splinting, especially at night for certain conditions - Anti-inflammatory medication for pain or swelling when it is appropriate for you - Physical therapy or occupational therapy to improve movement and function - Surgery for ongoing compression or progressive weakness in selected cases Anti-inflammatory medicines may help with pain or inflammation. They do not necessarily fix the nerve compression itself, and they should not replace a proper diagnosis. Carpal tunnel symptoms can improve for some people, but medicine alone may not be enough. ## Safety: When to Get Emergency Help Get emergency medical care if numbness or weakness in the hand or arm happens suddenly, especially on one side of the body. Seek help right away if numbness or weakness comes with facial drooping, trouble speaking, confusion, dizziness, loss of balance, a severe headache, chest pain, or shortness of breath. These symptoms can point to stroke or other urgent problems and need fast treatment. If you are unsure, it is safer to call emergency services or go to the nearest emergency department. ## Note: Not All Hand Numbness Comes From Nerve Compression Hand numbness can have medical causes beyond pressure on a nerve. Possible causes include diabetes-related neuropathy, vitamin B12 deficiency, thyroid disease, medication side effects, alcohol-related neuropathy, inflammatory or autoimmune neuropathies, and circulation-related problems. A checkup can help sort out the right reason. ## When It’s Time to See a Specialist Consider scheduling an evaluation if symptoms keep coming back, interrupt sleep, or start affecting daily activities. Ongoing numbness and tingling should not be ignored, especially if they come with weakness or trouble using your hand. - Your symptoms keep returning - You wake up with numb or painful hands - You have weakness or trouble gripping objects - Your symptoms move up the arm or start in the neck - Daily tasks like typing, driving, dressing, or cooking are becoming harder The right diagnosis can help you avoid making nerve irritation worse and can point you toward treatment that matches the true cause. ## Don’t Ignore Persistent Hand Numbness Frequent numbness, tingling, weakness, or pain may mean there is an underlying nerve issue that needs attention. Whether the source seems to be the wrist, elbow, or neck, early evaluation can help protect function and get you back to everyday activities more comfortably. Consider an exam with Princeton Orthopaedic Associates if numbness and tingling in your hands are not improving or are starting to interfere with your routine. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Ice vs Heat for Pain Relief: When to Use Each](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/ice-vs-heat-for-pain-relief-when-to-use-each/) **Published:** August 2, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Ice or Heat for Pain Relief: How to Know Which One to Use When pain or soreness shows up, many people reach for an ice pack or heating pad without knowing which one will work better. Ice and heat can both help, but they do different things in the body. In most cases, ice is best for newer injuries with swelling, and heat is best for stiffness or muscle tightness. Using cold or warmth the right way may help with pain control, swelling, comfort, and easier movement. It is also important to use each option safely. Get medical advice sooner if symptoms are severe, keep returning, or do not improve as expected. ![Person applying a crushed ice pack to their shoulder for cold therapy.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/partial-view-of-sportsman-using-ice-for-knee-isola-2026-03-11-07-05-03-utc-scaled.jpg "partial view of sportsman using ice for knee isolated on grey - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")--- ### Quick Differences Between Ice and Heat ### Use Ice When You Want to Calm Things Down - Often best after a recent injury - May help reduce swelling - Can ease pain by temporarily numbing the area - Common choices for sprains, strains, and bruises ### Use Heat When You Want to Loosen Things Up - Often helpful for stiffness and tight muscles - May increase blood flow to the area - May improve flexibility before movement - Common choices for chronic aches and muscle tension ## How Ice Helps an Injured Area Cold therapy can lower blood flow to the area and may help calm swelling and irritation after a sudden injury. It can also reduce pain by temporarily numbing sore tissues. Ice does not fix the cause by itself, but it can make it easier to rest and move more comfortably. Ice is often used soon after a sprain, strain, or impact injury, especially when you notice swelling, warmth, bruising, or throbbing pain. A rolled ankle, a fresh knee sprain, or a hard bump that starts to bruise are common examples. ## How Heat Helps Sore or Stiff Tissue Heat therapy can relax tight muscles and may improve circulation to the sore area. This can make a stiff joint feel more comfortable and easier to move. For many people, warmth is most useful when pain feels achy and tight rather than sharp and swollen. Warmth is often helpful for ongoing muscle soreness, tightness in the back or neck, and stiffness without clear swelling. Some people find heat useful before gentle stretching or light activity because it can help movement feel less stiff. ![Person applying a blue ice pack to the shoulder area with both hands](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/woman-soothing-elbow-with-ice-pack-compress-2026-03-10-02-10-49-utc-1024x576.jpg "Elbow Pain Treatment - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## A Simple Way to Decide If the problem is new and there is swelling, warmth, or a flare of pain, start with ice. If the main issue is stiffness, tightness, and aching with little or no swelling, heat is often a better choice. Watch how the area looks and feels and adjust with care. This rule may not fit every body or injury, but it works for many common orthopedic aches and pains. When you are unsure, follow safe treatment steps and consider a clinical evaluation if symptoms are not improving. ## When Ice Is Usually the Better Choice - Right after a sprain or strain - When a joint or muscle is swollen - For bruises or impact injuries - After activity if the area looks more inflamed - When pain feels sharp, hot, or throbbing ## When Heat Is Usually the Better Choice - For muscle tightness or spasms - For stiffness in the neck, back, shoulder, or other joints - Before stretching or gentle exercise - For ongoing aches that are not swollen - When movement feels limited because tissue feels tight ## Ice vs Heat at a Glance SituationUsually TryWhy It May HelpRecent sprain or strainIceMay help reduce swelling and numbing painVisible swellingIceCold can calm inflammation in the areaBruise or bumpIceOften used early for pain and swellingMuscle tightnessHeatWarmth can help muscles relaxJoint stiffnessHeatHeat can make movement feel easierSoreness after activity with swellingIceOften better when inflammation is presentOngoing achiness without swellingHeatWarmth may improve comfort ## Can You Alternate Ice and Heat? Some people alternate cold and warmth, especially when symptoms shift from swelling to stiffness. For example, an injury may feel better with ice at first, and then heat may feel better later once swelling has settled and tightness is the main issue. Use safe timing and stop if symptoms worsen. If you are unsure what stage you are in, look for clues. Swelling and warmth usually point more toward ice. Tightness and stiffness with little or no swelling often point more toward heat. When in doubt, choose the safer option and get advice. ## How to Use Ice Safely - Wrap an ice pack or bag of ice in a towel before applying - Do not place ice directly on skin - Use for about 15 to 20 minutes at a time, then take a break - Check the skin during and after treatment - Stop if skin becomes painful, blotchy, white, blistered, unusually red, feels burned, or if the area stays numb after treatment - Do not use ice over broken skin or areas with poor circulation unless a clinician tells you to ## How to Use Heat Safely - Use a warm heating pad, warm towel, or another gentle heat source - Heat should feel warm, not hot or scalding - Use for about 15 to 20 minutes at a time while checking the skin - Stop if skin becomes painful, blotchy, white, blistered, unusually red, feels burned, or if the area remains numb after treatment - Avoid heat on new injuries, active swelling, redness, warmth, infection, or bleeding - Avoid falling asleep with a heating pad on ## When Heat or Ice Should Be Used With Extra Caution Ask a clinician before using ice or heat if you have reduced sensation, neuropathy or diabetes related nerve problems, poor circulation, peripheral vascular disease, Raynaud’s disease, or trouble sensing temperature. Cold or heat can injure skin without you noticing, so extra safety steps may be needed. Also avoid heat on areas that are red, hot, swollen, or clearly inflamed, especially after a new injury. If there is infection, bleeding, or a fever, do not use heat. If you have any open wounds or compromised skin, do not apply ice unless a clinician says it is okay. ## When to Get Checked by an Orthopedic Specialist Ice and heat can help with pain relief, swelling control, comfort, and easier movement, but they do not replace proper evaluation when there may be a more serious problem. Get checked if pain is significant, not improving, or changing for the worse, especially after a recent injury. Go to urgent care or seek prompt medical help if you have warning signs such as deformity, suspected fracture, or you cannot bear weight. Also seek help for severe or worsening pain, new significant weakness, numbness or tingling, fever, or signs of infection. Possible blood clot symptoms also need urgent attention. Watch for calf swelling, warmth, redness, and pain, especially if it happens in one leg or does not improve. If you notice these symptoms, do not wait and use heat or ice as a substitute for care. ## Schedule an Exam if Pain Isn’t Improving If you are not sure whether ice or heat fits your symptoms, or if your pain is not getting better, Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can help. A clinical evaluation can identify the cause of discomfort and guide safer treatment for your specific injury, activity level, and recovery goals. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Hip Pain While Sitting: Causes, Relief, and When to Get Help](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/hip-pain-while-sitting-causes-relief-and-when-to-get-help/) **Published:** August 1, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Hip Pain While Sitting: Common Causes and Ways to Find Relief Hip pain that shows up when you sit can make work, driving, meals, and downtime feel frustrating. Many causes involve irritated muscles, tendons, joints, or nearby nerves, and the pattern of your symptoms often gives useful clues about what is going on. You may notice aching on the side of the hip, pinching in the groin, stiffness after getting up, or pain that spreads into the buttock or thigh. Some people improve with changes in posture and activity, plus careful home care. Persistent pain, or pain that is worsening, is best evaluated so the right treatment can start. ![poa hip issues explained](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/adult-massaging-lower-back-while-sitting-on-couch-2026-03-25-08-09-57-utc-scaled.jpg "adult-massaging-lower-back-while-sitting-on-couch-2026-03-25-08-09-57-utc - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")--- ### Key Points About Hip Pain During Sitting # What You Should Know --- - Pain while sitting may come from the hip joint itself or from muscles, tendons, bursae, or nerves around the hip. - The location of the pain matters. Groin pain often points toward the hip joint, while pain on the side or back of the hip may suggest another source. - Long periods of sitting can increase pressure on irritated tissues and tighten the muscles that help support the hip. - Simple steps, like changing position, standing up often, and using supportive seating, may help reduce symptoms. - Common causes include bursitis, arthritis, muscle or tendon irritation, a hip labral tear, nerve-related pain, and referred pain from the lower back. - Ice, gentle stretching, and changes in activity may help in early or mild cases. - Persistent pain, pain that affects walking, or pain accompanied by weakness, numbness, or catching should be evaluated by a specialist. - Treatment depends on the cause and may include physical therapy, medications, guided exercise, or other orthopaedic care. ## Why Sitting Can Make Hip Pain Worse When you sit for a long time, your hips stay bent. That position can increase pressure in and around the hip joint, and it can strain nearby soft tissues, especially if they are already irritated, inflamed, or stiff. Sitting also reduces movement. If you stay in one posture for too long, the muscles around the hip may stiffen. Discomfort can then stand out more when you stand up, walk, or shift your weight. ![Hands resting on hips at waist, wearing a white ribbed top and gray pants, red nail polish visible. (informative)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/woman-with-back-pain-holding-her-lower-back-2026-03-25-03-49-38-utc-1024x683.jpg "Woman experiencing lower back pain holding or massaging her sore back with discomfort The image highlights muscle strain lumbar pain sciatica arthritis or posture-related back issues - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Where You Feel the Pain Can Help Identify the Cause The exact location of your pain can help narrow down possible causes. Hip pain is not always felt directly over the joint, and different structures tend to cause pain in more specific areas. - **Groin or front of the hip:** often linked with the hip joint, such as arthritis or a labral tear. - **Outer side of the hip:** often related to bursitis and/or irritation of the gluteal tendons, which is frequently grouped under greater trochanteric pain syndrome. - **Buttock or back of the hip:** may involve deep hip muscles, the sacroiliac area, or pain that travels from the low back. - **Pain into the thigh or below the knee:** can happen with nerve irritation or referred pain from the spine. ## Common Causes of Hip Pain While Sitting Many conditions can cause hip discomfort in a seated position. Some affect the joint itself, while others involve soft tissue around the hip. Some problems start in the lower back and are felt near the hip. ### Hip osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis is the wear and tear of the joint cartilage. It often causes stiffness and aching in the groin or thigh. Pain may feel worse after sitting for a while or when you first get up. ### Hip bursitis Bursae are small fluid-filled sacs that help reduce friction between moving tissues. When one becomes irritated, it may cause pain on the outer side of the hip, especially with sitting or lying on that side. Outer hip pain may also be due to irritation of the gluteal tendons, which is often grouped under greater trochanteric pain syndrome. ### Muscle or tendon irritation Tight or overused muscles and tendons around the hip can become sore, particularly after exercise, repetitive activity, or prolonged poor posture. This can lead to a deep ache, tightness, or a pulling feeling while seated. ### Hip labral tear The labrum is a ring of cartilage that helps stabilize the hip socket. A tear can cause groin pain, clicking, catching, or a sense that the hip is not moving smoothly. Sitting can increase discomfort for some people. ### Sciatica or other nerve-related pain If a nerve is irritated, pain may start in the buttock or low back and travel into the hip or leg. Sitting can worsen these symptoms, especially when numbness, tingling, or burning is also present. ### Referred pain from the lower back Hip pain does not always come from inside the hip. Problems in the lower spine can create pain that feels like it is centered in the hip, especially when sitting for long periods. ## How Different Causes of Sitting-Related Hip Pain May Feel Possible CauseCommon Pain LocationWhat You May Notice**Hip osteoarthritis**Groin, front of hip, thighStiffness, pain after sitting, pain when first standing up**Hip bursitis**Outer side of hipTenderness, pain with pressure, discomfort when sitting or lying on one side**Muscle or tendon irritation**Front, side, or buttock areaAche, tightness, soreness after activity or prolonged sitting**Labral tear**Groin or deep hipClicking, catching, pinching, painful sitting**Nerve-related pain**Buttock, hip, legBurning, tingling, numbness, pain that travels**Referred pain from low back**Back of hip or buttockSitting worsens symptoms, back pain may also be present ## What You Can Do at Home to Ease Hip Pain If your symptoms are mild and not related to a recent fall, injury, or other trauma, simple home steps may help calm the irritation. The goal is to reduce strain while keeping the hip from getting stiffer. Stop any home strategy if it makes pain worse. - Change positions often instead of sitting for long stretches. - Stand up and walk briefly every 30 to 60 minutes if you can. - Use ice for short periods if the area feels inflamed or sore after activity. - Try gentle stretching only if it does not increase pain. Stop if it worsens your symptoms. - Check your chair height and support so your hips and knees feel comfortable. - Avoid sitting on very hard surfaces if that clearly worsens symptoms. If you use over-the-counter medicine, follow the label directions and any advice from your clinician. Ask for guidance before using anti-inflammatory medicines if you have kidney disease, a history of stomach ulcers or bleeding, take blood thinners, are pregnant, or have other medical conditions. ## Helpful Sitting and Movement Adjustments Small changes in how you sit and move during the day can help. These strategies may be most helpful when pain is related to posture, soft tissue irritation, or joint stiffness. If you notice worsening pain, scale back and consider getting evaluated. - Sit with your feet flat on the floor and avoid crossing your legs for long periods. - Keep your lower back supported so you are not slumping forward. - Use a cushion or supportive seat if hard chairs increase pain. - Break up long drives with standing or walking stops when possible. - Return to exercise gradually and avoid pushing through pain that is increasing. ## When Hip Pain While Sitting Should Be Evaluated Some hip pain improves with time and careful self-care. However, sitting-related hip pain is not always minor. Persistent symptoms, worsening symptoms, pain after trauma, or signs of nerve or other body-wide problems need evaluation so the cause can be identified and treated appropriately. - Pain lasts more than a few days or keeps coming back. - The pain is getting worse instead of improving. - You are limping or changing how you walk. - You notice catching, locking, or clicking in the hip. - You have numbness, tingling, or pain that travels down the leg. - The pain interferes with work, sleep, exercise, or daily activities. ### When to seek more urgent care - You can’t bear weight on the leg. - The pain began after a fall or other injury. - Fever or chills are present. - You notice redness or warmth around the hip. - Inability to move the hip is present. - Visible deformity is present. - Severe pain at rest or at night is present. - Unexplained weight loss is present. - There is a history of cancer or a high risk of infection. - Loss of bowel or bladder control is present. - Saddle numbness is present. - Rapidly worsening weakness, numbness, or tingling is present. - You have significant weakness, sudden swelling, or severe pain. ## How Orthopaedic Specialists Diagnose Hip Pain Diagnosis usually begins with a detailed history and a physical exam. The goal is to identify where the pain is located, what movements trigger it, whether the back may be involved, and how well the hip is moving and functioning. Depending on your symptoms, imaging such as X-rays or other studies may be recommended. These tests can help identify arthritis, structural problems, and other conditions that may not improve with home care alone. ## Treatment Options for Ongoing Hip Pain Treatment depends on the source of the pain. Many patients improve with non-surgical care aimed at reducing irritation, improving movement, and strengthening the muscles that support the hip. - Activity modification to reduce pain triggers - Physical therapy to improve flexibility, strength, and movement mechanics - Anti-inflammatory medication when appropriate - Image-guided injections for certain diagnoses - Further orthopaedic evaluation for structural hip problems or advanced arthritis If symptoms are not improving, getting the right diagnosis early may help reduce prolonged pain and unnecessary limit setting. ## Don’t Ignore Hip Pain That Keeps Returning Hip pain while sitting does not need to be accepted as normal. Whether the cause is the joint, nearby soft tissues, or the low back, the way your symptoms behave can guide the next step toward relief. If pain lingers, worsens, or affects daily life, schedule an evaluation with Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Orthopaedic Urgent Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopaedic-urgent-care/) **Published:** July 12, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Excerpt:** **Content:** When you break a bone, twist an ankle, or wake up with a joint too swollen to move, you have two obvious options: sit in a hospital emergency room for hours, or wait days for a specialist appointment. There's a better third option most New Jersey families don't know exists. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates offers walk-in orthopedic urgent care at multiple locations across central New Jersey, staffed by the same orthopaedic specialists our patients have trusted for over 40 years. No appointment needed, no ER wait times, and you're seen by providers who treat bones, joints, and muscles all day, every day. In this post, we'll cover what orthopedic urgent care is, which injuries it's designed for, why it often beats the emergency room for musculoskeletal injuries, and exactly what to expect when you walk into a POA urgent care location. ![orthopedic urgent care exam room at princeton orthopaedic associates in new jersey](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-cropped-smaller-04-1024x384.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped smaller 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What Is Orthopedic Urgent Care? Orthopedic urgent care is walk-in medical care focused specifically on injuries to your bones, joints, muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Think of it as the middle ground between a hospital emergency room and a scheduled specialist visit. At [POA's orthopaedic urgent care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/), you're evaluated by orthopaedic providers with on-site X-ray imaging, so a suspected fracture can be diagnosed, casted or splinted, and given a follow-up plan in a single visit. If you or a member of your family has had an orthopaedic injury within the last 36 hours, you can walk in without an appointment and be seen by our team. It's the same practice, the same specialists, and the same standard of care our patients have relied on across central New Jersey, just available when injuries actually happen: evenings, weekends, and everything in between. ## Orthopedic Urgent Care vs. the Emergency Room: Which Should You Choose? For a true medical emergency, always call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room. Head injuries, uncontrolled bleeding, bones visibly protruding through the skin, or an injury combined with chest pain, difficulty breathing, or loss of consciousness all belong in the ER. But for the vast majority of orthopedic injuries, the emergency room means long waits, higher bills, and an evaluation by a generalist who will often simply refer you to an orthopaedic specialist anyway. Orthopedic urgent care flips that experience. At POA, you walk in and go straight to the specialist. Our providers diagnose your injury with on-site imaging, begin treatment immediately, and connect you directly to our full team of [orthopaedic surgeons](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/orthopaedic-surgeons/) and specialists if your injury needs surgical evaluation or ongoing care. You avoid the hospital emergency department wait, and your entire care journey stays within one practice from the first X-ray to the final follow-up. ## Where Can I Find Walk-In Orthopedic Urgent Care in New Jersey? Princeton Orthopaedic Associates offers orthopaedic urgent care at convenient locations across central New Jersey, with weekday, evening, and Saturday hours. Our Plainsboro office offers urgent care Monday through Friday with extended evening hours midweek, plus Saturday morning hours. Our Hillsborough office offers urgent care Monday through Thursday with evening hours, Friday during the day, and Saturday mornings. Our Princeton office on Princeton Avenue offers Saturday morning urgent care as well. Because hours and locations can occasionally change, we recommend checking our [urgent care page](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) for current hours or calling us at [(609) 924-8131](tel:+16099248131) before heading in. You can also view all of our offices on our [locations page](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/locations/). Wherever you are in the Princeton, Plainsboro, Hillsborough, Robbinsville, Monroe, or Ewing areas, expert orthopaedic care is close by when an injury strikes. ![princeton orthopaedic associates office location in new jersey](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Exteriors-Ewing-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-cropped-02-1024x409.jpeg "exteriors ewing office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What Should I Bring to My Urgent Care Visit? A little preparation makes your walk-in visit even faster. When you come to POA orthopaedic urgent care, bring your health insurance card, a driver's license or photo ID, contact information for your health insurance policy holder, a list of medications you're currently taking, and a list of any allergies. We accept most major insurance plans, including Aetna, AmeriHealth, Cigna, Horizon PPO and HMO, Medicare, Oxford, motor vehicle insurance carriers, and workers compensation. If you were hurt on the job, our team is experienced in treating work-related injuries and handling the associated workers compensation documentation. Not sure whether your plan is accepted? You can review our full list of [accepted insurances](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient-info/#insurance) or give us a call before your visit. ## Why Fast Treatment for Orthopedic Injuries Matters With musculoskeletal injuries, timing genuinely affects outcomes. An untreated fracture can begin healing in the wrong position. A dislocated joint left unreduced becomes harder to treat and more painful by the hour. Even a "simple" sprain, if ignored, can lead to chronic instability and repeat injuries down the road. Getting evaluated within the first 36 hours means your injury is diagnosed accurately from the start, immobilized or treated correctly, and placed on a recovery plan built by specialists. It also means faster pain relief, which matters when you're the one limping around the house. Early specialist treatment frequently shortens overall recovery time and reduces the risk of complications that require surgery later. In short: don't wait it out and hope for the best. Walk in and know for sure. Orthopedic injuries never happen at convenient times, but getting expert care for them can be convenient. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates' walk-in orthopaedic urgent care gives central New Jersey families direct access to orthopaedic specialists, on-site X-ray imaging, and same-day treatment for sprains, strains, fractures, dislocations, and sports injuries, without an appointment and without the emergency room wait. If you or someone in your family has been injured within the last 36 hours, call us at [(609) 924-8131](tel:+16099248131), text us at [(609) 757-9992](sms:+16097579992), or simply walk in to one of our urgent care locations. And for ongoing orthopaedic needs, you can always [schedule an appointment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) with our team. When it comes to your bones and joints, go straight to the specialists first. **Categories:** Urgent Care **Tags:** Orthopaedic, POA, Urgent Care --- ### [Tailbone Pain: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tailbone-pain-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/) **Published:** July 1, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Tailbone Pain Can Make Sitting, Driving, and Daily Life Uncomfortable Tailbone pain, also called coccydynia, can make everyday activities feel hard, including sitting at work, leaning back in a chair, and getting up from bed. It may start after a fall or childbirth, but it can also develop without a clear injury. Knowing the likely causes, symptoms, and care options can help you decide when home care may be enough and when a medical evaluation is needed. The tailbone sits at the very bottom of your spine and supports your body when you sit and lean backward. When this small area gets irritated or injured, pain can feel intense because daily movement repeatedly puts pressure on it. In many cases, treatment begins by reducing pressure on the area and allowing the inflammation to calm down. If pain lingers or keeps coming back, a specialist can help locate the source and guide the next steps that fit your situation. --- ### Key Facts to Know About Tailbone Pain # What You Should Know --- - Tailbone pain is called **coccydynia**, which means pain in the coccyx, or tailbone. - Common causes include falls, direct impact, prolonged sitting on hard surfaces, and childbirth. - Pain is often worst when sitting, leaning back, or moving from sitting to standing. - Symptoms may improve with activity changes, cushions, heat or ice, and anti-inflammatory medication when appropriate. - Persistent pain may be related to joint inflammation, abnormal movement of the tailbone, or less commonly, another underlying condition. - Evaluation may include a physical exam and imaging if symptoms don’t improve or if the cause isn’t clear. - Treatment can include physical therapy, medication, activity modification, and in select cases, injections or surgery. - You should seek medical care if pain is severe, lasts for weeks, or is accompanied by fever, numbness, weakness, or bowel or bladder changes. ![Medical professional in a white coat explaining a spine model to a patient or colleague, using a pointer near the vertebrae with a stethoscope visible.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/tailbone-pain-POA-2026-3--1024x683.jpg "tailbone pain POA 2026 3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What Is the Tailbone? The tailbone, or coccyx, is the small triangular bone at the base of the spine. It is made of several small segments and sits just below the sacrum, which is the broad bone between the hip bones. Even though it is small, the tailbone has an important job. It serves as an attachment point for ligaments, tendons, and parts of the pelvic floor, and it helps bear weight when you sit and lean backward. Because this area takes pressure during sitting, even mild irritation can make daily tasks feel difficult. That is why tailbone pain often affects work, travel, exercise, and sleep. ## What Does Tailbone Pain Feel Like? Tailbone pain usually feels like a deep ache or sharp soreness at the very bottom of the spine. Many people notice it most when sitting on a hard chair, leaning backward, or standing up after sitting for a while. - Pain centered at the tailbone - Worse discomfort with sitting or rising from a chair - Tenderness when touching the area - Pain during bowel movements or sexual activity in some cases - More discomfort with long drives or prolonged sitting Some people feel pain most of the time, while others notice it mainly with pressure or in certain positions. Symptoms can range from mild irritation to more severe pain that disrupts daily routines. ![Close-up of a person wearing a white ribbed crop top and gray pants with hands on hips.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/tailbone-pain-POA-2026-2-1024x683.jpg "Woman experiencing lower back pain holding or massaging her sore back with discomfort The image highlights muscle strain lumbar pain sciatica arthritis or posture-related back issues - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Common Causes of Tailbone Pain A direct injury is one of the most common reasons for tailbone pain. Slipping on ice, falling backward, or landing hard on a seated surface can bruise the tailbone or strain the surrounding tissues. Childbirth can also put pressure on the coccyx and nearby ligaments. In some cases, repeated stress from sitting for long periods on a hard or narrow surface may help trigger symptoms. - Falls or direct trauma - Childbirth - Prolonged sitting - Inflammation of the tailbone joint or nearby soft tissue - Abnormal motion of the coccyx - Less commonly, infection or tumor ## When Tailbone Pain Happens Without a Clear Injury Not everyone with coccydynia can point to a single accident or event. Sometimes the pain comes on slowly, especially when the tailbone gets repeated pressure over time. Extra strain on the coccyx can come from posture, body mechanics, or irritation in nearby joints and soft tissue. This is one reason a careful exam can matter when symptoms do not improve as expected. ## How Tailbone Pain Is Evaluated Your provider will usually start by asking when the pain began, what makes it worse, and whether there was a fall, childbirth, or other triggering event. A physical exam may include checking for tenderness and looking for other possible sources of pain from the lower back or pelvis. Evaluation StepWhat It Helps Identify**Medical history**Recent injury, childbirth, prolonged sitting, or symptom pattern**Physical exam**Tenderness, swelling, and whether pain is truly coming from the tailbone**X-rays or other imaging**Fracture, alignment problems, or unusual movement of the coccyx when needed**Further testing in selected cases**Possible infection, tumor, or another uncommon cause ## Ways to Relieve Tailbone Pain at Home Many people improve with simple steps that reduce pressure on the coccyx and help calm irritation. The aim is to give the area a chance to settle down while avoiding positions that keep it irritated. Small changes often make a big difference in comfort. - Use a cushion made to offload direct pressure from the coccyx, such as a **coccyx-relief cushion** or a **wedge cushion with a rear cut-out** - Lean forward slightly when sitting if that feels more comfortable - Avoid sitting for long stretches without standing up and moving around - Try ice or heat, depending on which feels better for your symptoms - Use anti-inflammatory medication only if it is appropriate for you and recommended by your doctor These steps are often enough for mild cases, especially soon after an injury. If pain does not clearly improve, it is best to get evaluated rather than pushing through discomfort. ## Medical Treatment for Lasting Tailbone Pain If symptoms continue, treatment may go beyond home care. The best option depends on the cause of your pain, how long symptoms have been going on, and how much it affects daily function. - Physical therapy to improve posture, sitting mechanics, and surrounding muscle tension - Medication for pain and inflammation when appropriate - Targeted injections in select cases when pain remains significant - Surgery in rare cases when symptoms are severe, persistent, and caused by a problem unlikely to improve with other care Most people do not need surgery. Conservative treatment is usually tried first, and many patients improve once pressure and inflammation are addressed. ## When to See a Doctor You should not ignore tailbone pain that is intense, keeps coming back, or makes it hard to sit, work, travel, or sleep comfortably. - Pain that lasts more than a few weeks - Severe pain after a fall or other injury - Fever, redness, or drainage near the area - Numbness, weakness, or pain that seems to involve the legs - Changes in bowel or bladder function - Pain that is getting worse, especially at night or when you are resting - Unexplained weight loss - A history of cancer - Immunosuppression, such as from certain medicines or conditions - Symptoms that do not improve with rest and pressure relief These signs can mean you need more evaluation to rule out a fracture, infection, or another condition affecting the area. ## What Recovery May Look Like Recovery depends on the cause of the pain and how long symptoms have been present. A bruise or mild strain may improve with time and pressure relief, while ongoing irritation can take longer and may need more structured treatment. SituationGeneral Recovery PatternNotes**Mild irritation or bruise**Often improves over weeks; some cases take longerPressure relief and activity changes are usually helpful**Ongoing inflammation**May last weeks to monthsMay need medical evaluation and physical therapy**Persistent or unusual symptoms**Varies depending on the causeFurther testing may be needed to guide treatment## Getting Help for Tailbone Pain If tailbone pain limits your daily life, it is worth getting it checked. We can help determine whether pain is coming from the coccyx itself or from another nearby structure, and we can guide you toward treatments that reduce symptoms and improve comfort with sitting and movement. If you have persistent pain at the base of the spine, schedule an exam for a clear diagnosis and a treatment plan that fits your symptoms. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Low Back Pain Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/low-back-pain-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/) **Published:** July 1, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Understanding Low Back Pain Low back pain is one of the most common reasons people seek medical care. It can feel like a mild strain that improves quickly or a more persistent problem that affects sleep, work, exercise, and daily life. When you know what might be causing it and how to respond, the next steps can feel less confusing. The lower back is a complex area made up of bones, discs, joints, muscles, ligaments, and nerves. Because many structures work closely together, pain can start for several different reasons. Sometimes the pain stays mainly in the back. Other times, it spreads into the buttock, thigh, or leg. Most episodes of low back pain improve over time with non-surgical care. Even so, some symptoms should be checked sooner, especially when pain is severe, keeps returning, or comes with warning signs such as weakness, numbness, or other changes. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/poa-back-pain-2026-scaled.jpg "man suffering back pain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")--- ### Key Facts About Low Back Pain # What You Should Know --- - Low back pain is very common and can affect people of all ages. - The pain may come from muscles, joints, discs, nerves, or a mix of structures. - Many cases improve with relative rest from painful activity, physical therapy, and guided exercise. - Pain that travels down the leg may point to nerve irritation, often called sciatica. - Good posture, core strength, and safe body mechanics may help reduce future flare-ups. - Low back pain can be acute, meaning short term, or chronic, meaning it lasts much longer. - Imaging such as X-rays or MRI is not needed for every patient, especially early on. - Loss of bowel or bladder control, numbness in the saddle or groin area, or new or worsening leg or foot weakness may signal a serious neurologic condition and needs emergency or same-day medical evaluation. - Most people do not need surgery, but some conditions do need specialist evaluation. - Early evaluation can help when symptoms are severe, keep coming back, or are not improving as expected. ![Person seen from behind wearing an orange athletic shirt, hands on hips, standing on a bridge with green trees in the background](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/poa-back-pain-causes-2026-2-1024x701.jpg "white-haired elderly person exercising in the park early in the - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What Causes Pain in the Lower Back? Low back pain can start after a sudden movement, heavy lifting, repetitive strain, or no clear event at all. In many people, muscles and ligaments become irritated or overstretched. In others, the pain may come from the discs, facet joints, or nearby nerves. Age-related changes can also play a role. As people get older, discs may lose water and height, joints may become arthritic, and the spine may be less flexible. These changes do not always cause pain, but they can contribute to symptoms in some patients. Because several conditions can feel similar, a careful history and physical exam matter. The pain pattern, how long it has lasted, and whether it spreads into the leg can offer useful clues to help guide next steps. ## Common Sources of Low Back Pain Low back pain is often grouped by the structure that seems most involved. In some cases, more than one issue may contribute at the same time, which can change how symptoms feel and how they respond to care. Possible SourceWhat It MeansCommon Pattern**Muscle or ligament strain**Overstretching or irritation of soft tissuesPain after lifting, bending, twisting, or overuse**Disc problems**The cushion between spinal bones becomes irritated or bulgesBack pain, sometimes with leg pain or numbness**Facet joint arthritis**Wear and tear in the small joints of the spineStiffness and pain with standing, twisting, or extension**Sciatica or nerve compression**A spinal nerve becomes irritated or pinchedPain shooting into the buttock, thigh, calf, or foot**Spinal stenosis**Narrowing around the nerves in the spineLeg pain or heaviness with walking or standing**Spondylolisthesis**One spinal bone shifts relative to anotherBack pain, leg symptoms, or pain with activity## How Low Back Pain May Feel The sensation can vary based on the cause. Some people feel a dull ache or tightness in the center of the lower back, while others notice sharp pain with certain moves. How pain changes during the day can also give clues. - Stiffness when getting out of bed or after sitting - Muscle spasms or a feeling that the back has “locked up” - Pain with bending, lifting, twisting, or standing upright - Aching that stays in the low back or buttock - Pain, tingling, numbness, or burning that travels down the leg - Weakness in the leg or foot in more serious nerve-related cases When pain travels below the knee, especially with numbness or weakness, nerve involvement becomes more likely. That does not always mean the problem is severe, but it usually deserves a closer look from a clinician. ## Acute Pain Compared With Chronic Pain Doctors often describe low back pain based on how long it lasts. Using time frames helps guide care and sets more realistic expectations about recovery. It can also help decide when follow-up is needed. TypeTime FrameTypical Approach**Acute**Less than 4 weeksActivity modification, pain relief, and a gradual return to movement**Subacute**4 to 12 weeksFocused rehabilitation and closer follow-up if symptoms continue**Chronic**More than 12 weeksA broader plan that addresses strength, flexibility, mechanics, and underlying causesAcute pain often starts with a strain or flare-up and may improve more quickly. Chronic pain can be more complex and may involve deconditioning, arthritis, disc changes, or recurring nerve irritation. A long-lasting pattern often needs a plan that goes beyond just pain control. ## When to Seek Medical Attention Right Away Most low back pain is not dangerous, but certain symptoms can point to a more serious problem. These warning signs should not be ignored, because they may need emergency care or evaluation the same day. - Loss of bowel or bladder control - New or worsening weakness in the leg or foot - Numbness around the groin or saddle area - Fever, chills, or unexplained weight loss with back pain - Pain after a major fall, accident, or other trauma - History of cancer, infection, or other medical conditions that raise concern Loss of bowel or bladder control, numbness in the saddle or groin area, or new or progressive leg or foot weakness may indicate a serious neurologic condition. These symptoms require emergency care or same-day medical evaluation. Other warning signs also call for prompt attention. ## How Low Back Pain Is Evaluated The evaluation usually begins with a discussion about when the pain started, where it is located, what makes it worse, and whether it spreads into the leg. A clinician will also check posture, range of motion, strength, reflexes, and sensation to see how the symptoms match possible causes. Imaging can be helpful in some cases, but it is not required for every patient. It may be appropriate when red flags are present, after trauma, when neurologic symptoms are progressive, when infection, cancer, or fracture is suspected, or when symptoms do not improve over time. TestWhen It May Be UsedWhat It Can Show**X-ray**If fracture, alignment issues, or arthritis are concernsBone structure and spinal alignment**MRI**If nerve symptoms persist or serious causes are suspectedDiscs, nerves, soft tissues, and spinal canal narrowing**CT scan**Sometimes used when more bone detail is neededDetailed images of bone anatomy**Physical exam**Often needed to guide careStrength, motion, nerve findings, and pain pattern## Non-Surgical Treatment Often Works Well Most people with low back pain improve without surgery. Treatment depends on the cause of symptoms, how long they have lasted, and whether nerves are involved. The goal is to reduce pain while helping you move more safely and comfortably. - Short-term activity changes to reduce strain - Physical therapy focused on flexibility, posture, and core strength - Heat or ice, depending on what feels best and when symptoms began - Anti-inflammatory or other pain-relieving medication when appropriate - Guided exercise to restore movement and prevent recurrence - In some cases, spine injections for ongoing inflammation or nerve pain ![Person in a white shirt holding their midsection with both hands, signaling abdominal discomfort or cramps.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/poa-back-pain-scaled.jpg "adult female with muscle pain on gray background Elderly woman - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")adult female with muscle pain on gray background Elderly woman ## Helpful Early Steps at Home If your pain is mild and there are no warning signs, a few simple strategies may help. “Rest” usually means relative rest from painful or aggravating activities, not staying in bed for a long time. Keeping your movement within a tolerable range can often be part of recovery. - Stay away from bed rest for long periods - Take short walks if walking feels comfortable - Use good lifting mechanics and avoid sudden twisting - Start gentle stretching or exercises only if they do not worsen symptoms - Seek care if pain is intense, persistent, or spreading into the leg ## When Surgery May Be Considered Surgery is not the first treatment for most low back pain. It may be considered when symptoms are linked to a specific structural problem and non-surgical treatment does not provide enough relief. Your clinician can help compare risks and expected benefits based on your exam. - Persistent nerve pain caused by a disc herniation - Progressive weakness related to nerve compression - Spinal stenosis causing significant walking limits - Instability such as symptomatic spondylolisthesis - Certain fractures, infections, or other serious spine conditions If surgery becomes part of the discussion, the decision should be based on your diagnosis, nerve findings, level of disability, and response to other treatments. The plan should match your symptoms and overall health. ## How to Lower Your Risk of Future Back Pain You may not prevent every episode of low back pain, but daily habits can help. Many flare-ups connect to deconditioning, repeated strain, poor body mechanics, or long stretches of sitting without movement. Small changes over time can make a difference. - Keep your core and hip muscles strong - Stay active with regular walking or other low-impact exercise - Lift with your legs and avoid twisting under load - Change positions often if you sit for long stretches - Maintain a healthy weight when possible - Follow through with physical therapy exercises after symptoms improve ## When It’s Time to See a Specialist Consider an orthopaedic or spine evaluation if your pain is severe, keeps coming back, or is not improving with time and conservative care. A specialist can help identify whether your symptoms fit muscle strain, a disc problem, arthritis, spinal stenosis, or nerve compression. Specialist care may also be needed if pain is changing the way you walk, limiting daily activities, or affecting your quality of life. When the cause is identified sooner, it can help you start a more targeted plan. ## Find the Right Care for Low Back Pain Low back pain can feel stressful, especially when it gets in the way of simple daily tasks. Many people improve with the right diagnosis, a careful non-surgical plan, and attention to movement, strength, and spine health. If symptoms do not settle, scheduling an evaluation can help clarify what is driving the pain and what options may fit best. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Common Knee Pain Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/common-knee-pain-causes-symptoms-and-treatments/) **Published:** July 1, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Common Causes of Knee Pain and When to Get Care Knee pain can come on suddenly after an injury or build gradually over time from wear, overuse, or an underlying condition. Because the knee is a complex joint that helps you walk, bend, climb stairs, and stay active, pain in this area can affect nearly every part of daily life. Some knee problems improve with rest, activity changes, and guided rehabilitation. Others need prompt medical attention, especially if you have swelling, instability, trouble bearing weight, or pain that keeps coming back. Understanding what may be causing your symptoms is an important first step toward the right treatment and a safer return to movement. ![Close-up of weathered hands resting on a knee in blue jeans, indoors, with a soft blurred background](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/older-hands-resting-on-knee-indoors-during-daytime-2026-01-05-00-45-46-utc-scaled.jpg "Senior holding his painful knee - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Senior holding his painful knee --- ### Important Points About Knee Pain - Knee pain may be caused by an injury, overuse, arthritis, tendon problems, bursitis, or irritation in the kneecap joint. - Symptoms such as swelling, locking, catching, or the knee giving way can point to a more specific knee condition. - Pain in the front of the knee is often linked to the kneecap and can become worse with stairs, squatting, or sitting for long periods. - Sudden pain after twisting, pivoting, or a direct blow may suggest a ligament, cartilage, or meniscus injury. - Age, activity level, body mechanics, and prior injury all play a role in knee pain. - Many knee problems can be treated without surgery through physical therapy, anti-inflammatory treatment, bracing, and changes in activity. - Osteoarthritis becomes more common with age and can cause stiffness, swelling, and pain during activity. - Overuse injuries are common in both athletes and non-athletes, especially when movement patterns or muscle support are off balance. - You should seek medical care if pain is severe, your knee is unstable, or symptoms do not improve. - Early evaluation can help prevent minor knee issues from becoming long-term problems. ## Why Knee Pain Is So Common Your knee is one of the largest joints in the body, and it absorbs a great deal of force every day. It relies on bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and cushioning sacs called bursae to work smoothly. When any of these structures are injured, inflamed, worn down, or overloaded, pain can develop. The location of the pain, how it started, and what activities make it worse can offer useful clues about the cause. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/medical-professional-examining-patient-s-knee-in-c-2026-03-16-22-56-25-utc-1024x683.jpg "Doctor consulting with patient Knee problems Physical therapy co - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## How Doctors Think About Knee Pain Knee pain is often grouped by where it hurts and whether it began with an injury or developed gradually. For example, front-of-knee pain may suggest patellofemoral problems, while pain along the joint line may raise concern for a meniscus tear or arthritis. Swelling that appears quickly after an injury can point to damage inside the joint. Pain that worsens over months may be more consistent with overuse, degeneration, or arthritis. ## Frequent Causes of Knee Pain There are many possible reasons for knee pain. Some are related to sports and trauma, while others are tied to wear and tear, biomechanics, or inflammation. ConditionWhat It MeansCommon Symptoms**Sprain or strain**Stretching or tearing of a ligament, tendon, or musclePain, swelling, tenderness, limited motion**Meniscus tear**Injury to the cartilage that cushions the knee jointJoint line pain, swelling, catching, locking**Ligament injury**Damage to structures such as the ACL, PCL, MCL, or LCLInstability, swelling, pain after a twist or impact**Patellofemoral pain**Irritation involving the kneecap and the groove it moves throughFront knee pain, pain with stairs, squatting, and sitting**Tendinitis**Inflammation or irritation of a tendonPain with activity, tenderness, soreness near tendon**Bursitis**Inflammation of a small fluid-filled sac near the jointLocalized swelling, warmth, pain with pressure or movement**Osteoarthritis**Breakdown of joint cartilage over timeStiffness, swelling, aching, reduced mobility**Fracture**A broken bone around the kneeSevere pain, swelling, inability to bear weight## Injuries That Can Trigger Sudden Knee Pain Acute knee pain often starts after a specific event. A fall, collision, twist, awkward landing, or sudden stop can injure soft tissue or bone in and around the knee. - **Ligament injuries:** These include injuries to the ACL, PCL, MCL, and LCL. They may cause a pop, rapid swelling, or a feeling of knee instability. - **Meniscus tears:** The meniscus is a C-shaped piece of cartilage that helps cushion the joint. A tear can happen with twisting and may cause pain, swelling, or locking. - **Tendon injuries:** Tendons connect muscle to bone. Sudden force can strain or tear them, leading to pain and weakness. - **Fractures:** A direct blow or fall can lead to a broken kneecap or fracture of the bones around the joint. ## Conditions That Cause Knee Pain Over Time Not all knee pain starts with an injury. In many cases, symptoms develop gradually due to repetitive stress, joint aging, muscle imbalances, or inflammation. - **Osteoarthritis:** This is one of the most common causes of chronic knee pain. It happens when joint cartilage wears down, often leading to aching, stiffness, and swelling. - **Patellofemoral pain syndrome:** This refers to pain around or behind the kneecap. It can be linked to overuse, muscle imbalance, alignment issues, or cartilage irritation. - **Tendinitis:** Repeated strain can irritate the patellar tendon or quadriceps tendon, especially in people who jump, run, kneel, or climb often. - **Bursitis:** Kneeling for long periods or repeated pressure on the front of the knee can inflame a bursa and cause visible swelling and soreness. - **Iliotibial band-related pain:** Irritation along the outer side of the knee may develop with repetitive movement, especially in runners and cyclists. ## What the Symptoms May Feel Like Knee pain can feel very different depending on the cause. The symptoms may be sharp or dull, constant or only present during certain activities. - Aching or stiffness, especially in the morning or after sitting - Swelling around the joint - Pain with stairs, squatting, kneeling, or getting up from a chair - Clicking, catching, or locking - A sense that the knee may buckle or give way - Tenderness in one small area or pain deep inside the knee - Difficulty fully straightening or bending the knee If you have significant swelling after an injury, a visible deformity, inability to bear weight, fever, or a hot or red, swollen knee, you should seek urgent or emergency medical evaluation rather than routine care. A hot, red, very swollen knee with fever or feeling ill could indicate infection and should be evaluated urgently. ## How Knee Pain Is Diagnosed A thorough evaluation usually begins with your story. We want to know when the pain started, whether there was an injury, where the pain is located, and what movements make it worse or better. Your exam may include checking swelling, tenderness, strength, range of motion, alignment, and joint stability. Depending on your symptoms, imaging such as X-rays or MRI may be used to look more closely at bone, cartilage, or soft tissue. ### What Your Evaluation May Include - Review of when symptoms began and how they have changed - Physical exam of the knee and nearby joints - Assessment of walking, strength, flexibility, and stability - X-rays when arthritis or fracture is a concern - MRI when soft tissue injury, cartilage damage, or meniscus tears are suspected ## Treatment Options for Knee Pain Treatment depends on the cause of your knee pain, its severity, and how much it affects your daily life. Many patients improve with non-surgical care, especially when treatment starts early. TreatmentHow It HelpsWhen It May Be Used**Rest and activity changes**Reduces strain on the kneeOveruse pain, early flare-ups, and minor injuries**Ice and anti-inflammatory treatment**Helps calm pain and swelling. Anti-inflammatory medicines such as NSAIDs may help some patients, but they are not safe for everyone.Acute injuries and inflamed conditions. People with kidney disease, stomach ulcers or bleeding risk, use of blood thinners, significant heart disease, uncontrolled high blood pressure, or pregnancy should ask a clinician before using NSAIDs.**Physical therapy**Improves strength, flexibility, and movement patternsMany knee conditions, including arthritis and overuse injuries**Bracing or support**Adds stability or unloads part of the jointInstability, arthritis, or return to activity**Injections**May reduce inflammation or pain in selected casesCertain arthritic or inflammatory conditions**Surgery**Repairs or reconstructs damaged structures when neededSome fractures, ligament tears, meniscus tears, or advanced joint damage## Non-Surgical Care Often Starts Here - Reduce or pause activities that clearly worsen the pain - Use ice after activity if swelling is present - Begin guided exercises to restore motion and support around the knee - Address hip, core, and leg strength if mechanics are contributing - Consider footwear, surfaces, training load, and work demands ## When Knee Surgery May Be Considered Some knee conditions do not improve enough with conservative treatment alone. Surgery may be recommended when there is significant structural damage, persistent instability, severe arthritis, or ongoing pain that limits quality of life. The right procedure depends on the diagnosis and may range from arthroscopic treatment to ligament reconstruction or joint replacement in advanced arthritis. Your care plan should match both the condition and your activity goals. ## When You Should See a Knee Specialist You should schedule an evaluation if your knee pain is severe, keeps returning, or affects your ability to move normally. Even if symptoms seem manageable at first, ongoing pain can lead to compensation and additional strain elsewhere. - Pain lasts more than several days or continues to worsen - You notice swelling, warmth, or reduced range of motion - Your knee feels unstable, locks, or gives way - You cannot return to exercise, work, or daily activity comfortably - You have trouble bearing weight after an injury ### Who Should I See? SpecialtyBest ForNotes[Knee Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/)Comprehensive diagnosis of knee pain, injuries, and arthritisHelpful for both sudden injuries and long-term symptoms[Sports Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/)Active patients, overuse injuries, ligament and meniscus concernsOften a good starting point for non-surgical treatment[Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/physical-therapy/)Strength, flexibility, and movement retrainingCommonly part of treatment for many knee conditions[Physiatrist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/physiatrists/)Musculoskeletal pain and functional limitationsUseful for non-surgical management and rehabilitation planning ## Getting Back to Comfortable Movement Knee pain can interfere with walking, exercise, work, sleep, and your overall confidence in movement. The good news is that many causes of knee pain can be identified and treated effectively with the right evaluation and care plan. If your symptoms are not improving, it may be time to schedule an exam and find out what is really causing your knee pain. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Welcome Dr. Kartik Shenoy: Expert in Spine Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/welcome-dr-kartik-shenoy-expert-in-spine-care/) **Published:** June 16, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** # Welcome Dr. Shenoy: Board-Certified Orthopaedic Spine Surgeon ![dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 25 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Chad_Shenoy-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-25-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 25 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Dr. Kartik Shenoy, a board-certified orthopaedic spine surgeon who treats all conditions of the spine. With a distinguished career that spans military service, academic research, and advanced surgical training, Dr. Shenoy brings exceptional expertise to our practice. Whether you are dealing with chronic back pain, a disc condition, or a complex spinal disorder, Dr. Shenoy is here to restore your movement, relieve your pain, and help you get back to living fully. ## A Distinguished Career in Service Prior to joining Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, Dr. Shenoy served as a Lieutenant Colonel in the United States Air Force. He held the role of Chief of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedic Medical Director at Nellis Air Force Base in Las Vegas, Nevada, and deployed to the Middle East during his service. This experience reflects his commitment to providing the highest level of care under any circumstances, a dedication he now brings to every patient he treats. ![dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 15 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Chad_Shenoy-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-15-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 15 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 8 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Chad_Shenoy-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-8-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 8 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 49 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Chad_Shenoy-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-49-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 49 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 37 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Chad_Shenoy-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-37-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 37 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 52 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Chad_Shenoy-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-52-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 52 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Educational Excellence Dr. Shenoy earned his Bachelor of Science from Cornell University before completing his Doctor of Medicine degree at Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He went on to complete his orthopaedic surgery residency at NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases and Langone Orthopedic Hospital in New York City. He then completed his orthopaedic spine surgery fellowship at the renowned Rothman Orthopaedic Institute in Philadelphia, where he trained under internationally recognized leaders in spine surgery, Drs. Alex Vaccaro and Alan Hilibrand. ![dr. Kartik shenoy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr.-Chad-Shenoy-1024x1024.png "dr. Kartik shenoy - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## An Accomplished Academic Surgeon Dr. Shenoy has authored numerous peer-reviewed publications, book chapters, and presentations focusing on spinal disorders, surgical techniques, and outcomes research. His work has appeared in leading journals such as The Spine Journal, Clinical Spine Surgery, and World Neurosurgery. He also serves as Deputy Editor of Surgical Techniques for the Clinical Spine Surgery journal and is a board member of the Clinical Orthopaedic Society. ## Comprehensive Spine Care Dr. Shenoy performs all spine procedures, including disc replacement, minimally invasive surgery, laminectomy, microdiscectomy, and cervical and lumbar fusions. He has a particular interest in cervical and endoscopic spine surgery, using the latest technology and individualized treatment plans to deliver the best possible outcomes for his patients. ![dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 26 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Chad_Shenoy-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-26-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 26 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Your Path to Recovery "Your spine is central to your life. My goal is to restore your movement, relieve your pain, and help you get back to living fully using the latest technology and individualized treatment plans." Outside of the clinic, Dr. Shenoy was born and raised in Long Island, New York, and enjoys spending time with his family, skiing, and playing golf. You can learn more about Dr. Shenoy [here](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-kartik-shenoy/). Don't hesitate to contact our office today to schedule your appointment with Dr. Shenoy. We look forward to helping you achieve optimal health and recovery. **Categories:** Doctor Spotlight, Spine **Tags:** Sports Medicine --- ### [Torn ACL: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Recovery Timeline](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/torn-acl-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment-recovery-timeline/) **Published:** June 1, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ***PLEASE NOTE: This is provided for your general information only. If you are concerned about a Torn ACL or suspect you've sustained an ACL injury, consult a doctor immediately. Misunderstanding or misusing this information can cause harm. This information is provided only as general information about Torn ACLs and ACL injuries.*** ## Torn ACL: Symptoms, Treatment Options, and Recovery A torn anterior cruciate ligament, or ACL, can make your knee feel unstable and limit daily activities as well as sports. Below you will find what an ACL does, how tears happen, the signs to watch for, how we diagnose the injury, and the nonsurgical and surgical treatments that can help you return to what you love. Experiencing a knee that suddenly pops, swells quickly, or feels unstable after an injury can be scary and confusing. You are not alone in this experience. People of many ages and from different athletic backgrounds come to our clinic with one shared goal: to move well again. We listen to each person, learn about their daily life and the demands of sport, and then create a plan that fits how they move, what they want to do, and what is safest for their knee as it heals. This plan can adapt over time as symptoms change, goals shift, and strength improves, always aiming for a safe return to the activities that matter most. --- ### Key Points About ACL Tears - The ACL is a stabilizing ligament inside the knee that helps control twisting and sudden changes in direction. - ACL tears often occur during cutting, pivoting, or awkward landings. They can also occur during contact plays. - Common signs include a popping sensation, rapid swelling, and a feeling that the knee may buckle. - Diagnosis involves a careful exam and often an MRI to assess the ACL and look for related injuries like meniscus tears. - Treatment ranges from bracing and physical therapy to ACL reconstruction. The choice depends on your symptoms, activity demands, and goals. - Return to cutting and pivoting sports usually requires several months of structured rehabilitation and meeting strength and movement milestones. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/torn-acl-poa-1-scaled.jpg "Magnetic resonance imaging of human knee joint for medical diagnosis - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Magnetic resonance imaging of human knee joint for medical diagnosis ## What Is the ACL and Why Does It Matters The ACL is one of four major ligaments that connect the thigh bone to the shin bone. It runs diagonally through the center of the knee, preventing the shin bone from sliding forward and the knee from twisting too far. When the ACL is torn, the knee can feel loose or unstable, especially during sudden stops, pivots, or side-to-side movements. This instability can limit both everyday activities and sports. ## How ACL Tears Happen Many ACL injuries are noncontact. A quick cut, a sudden stop, or a landing where the knee collapses inward can overload the ligament. Direct blows to the knee can also cause tears, especially in contact sports. ACL tears are common in sports that involve jumping, cutting, and pivoting such as soccer, basketball, football, lacrosse, and skiing. Certain factors can raise risk. - Sudden changes in direction or awkward landings - Playing on uneven or slick surfaces - Muscle strength or control imbalances around the hip and knee - Limited flexibility and poor landing mechanics - Higher risk among female athletes due to a combination of anatomical and neuromuscular factors ## Common Signs and Symptoms Symptoms can vary, but many people report several of the following right after injury or when returning to activity. - A popping sound or sensation at the moment of injury - Rapid swelling that develops within a few hours - Pain and difficulty putting weight on the leg - A feeling that the knee may give way with turning or pivoting - Limited range of motion because of pain or swelling Seek care promptly if your knee swells quickly or feels unstable. Early evaluation can reduce complications and speed recovery. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/torn-ACL-poa-1024x683.jpg "Bandaging leg - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Diagnosing an ACL Tear We start with a detailed history and a focused knee exam. Specific tests like the Lachman test and pivot shift help assess ACL stability. X-rays can check for fractures or other bone injuries. An MRI is often ordered to confirm an ACL tear and evaluate the meniscus, cartilage, and other ligaments. This full picture guides the best treatment plan for you. ## Immediate Care After Injury In the first few days, simple steps can help control pain and swelling and protect the knee. - Rest from painful activities and use crutches if weight bearing hurts - Ice for 15 to 20 minutes several times per day - Compression with an elastic bandage or sleeve - Elevation to reduce swelling - Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication if approved by your clinician - Early gentle range-of-motion and quadriceps activation as guided by your care team ## Treatment Paths: Nonsurgical and Surgical Some people can do well without surgery, especially if their knee feels stable during daily life and they do not plan to return to cutting or pivoting sports. Others benefit from ACL reconstruction to restore stability and protect the knee during higher-demand activities. The decision is based on your symptoms, goals, activity level, knee stability, and any associated injuries. ApproachWho It May SuitWhat It IncludesProsConsiderations**Nonsurgical Management**Lower-demand lifestyles, no significant instability, ability to avoid pivoting sportsRecurrent instability, desire to return to cutting and pivoting sports or high-demand work, combined with injuriesAvoids surgery and graft harvestMay not prevent giving way during cutting or pivoting activities**ACL Reconstruction**Recurrent instability, desire to return to cutting and pivoting sports or high-demand work, combined injuriesArthroscopic reconstruction with a graft, followed by structured rehabilitationRestores knee stability for higher-demand tasksRequires surgery and several months of rehabilitation For skeletally immature patients, surgeons use growth-friendly techniques to protect growth plates and allow ongoing bone development as the knee heals. ## Who Often Benefits From ACL Reconstruction - Athletes in sports that require cutting, pivoting, or rapid deceleration - People who experience repeated giving way in daily life - Those with associated injuries such as significant meniscus tears - Workers whose jobs require rapid directional changes or ladder work ## Graft Options for ACL Reconstruction Reconstruction uses a tendon graft to create a new ACL. Grafts come from your own body, called an autograft, or from a donor, called an allograft. Your surgeon will discuss the options based on your age, sport, and personal preferences. Graft TypeSourceAdvantagesConsiderations**Patellar Tendon Autograft**Middle third of the patellar tendon with bone plugsStrong fixation, commonly used in high-demand athletesPossible front-of-knee discomfort and kneeling sensitivity**Hamstring Tendon Autograft**Semitendinosus and sometimes gracilis tendonsSemitendinosus and sometimes the gracilis tendonsPossible hamstring weakness during early recovery**Quadriceps Tendon Autograft**Portion of the quadriceps tendon, with or without bone plugThick graft size and reliable strengthPossible tenderness above the kneecap during early healing**Allograft**Donor tendonNo graft harvest site, shorter operative timeHigher retear rates reported in young, high-demand patients ## What to Expect From Surgery ACL reconstruction is typically performed arthroscopically through small incisions. The surgeon prepares tunnels in the thigh bone and shin bone, places the graft, and secures it so it can heal in place. Most patients go home the same day with a brace and crutches. It’s important to know that ACL reconstruction does not eliminate the risk of knee arthritis later in life. Early rehabilitation focuses on reducing swelling, restoring gentle motion, and activating the quadriceps. Your care team will guide you step by step and progress your plan based on healing and testable milestones. ## Recovery and Return to Sport Time is only one part of recovery. Safe return to sport depends on strength, balance, hop testing, and movement quality. In most cases, return to cutting or pivoting sports should be based on clear milestones, not just how many weeks have passed. Your surgeon and physical therapist will assess these criteria and only clear higher-level activity after you meet them. PhaseTypical TimingPrimary GoalsProtection and Early MotionWeeks 0 to 2Control pain and swelling, regain gentle extension and flexion, activate quadricepsFoundation StrengthWeeks 2 to 6Normalize gait, improve range of motion, begin closed-chain strengthening and balanceProgressive Strength and ControlWeeks 6 to 12Advance lower extremity strength, balance, and movement mechanicsRunning and Agility PreparationMonths 3 to 6Introduce light jogging, agility drills, and plyometrics when clearedReturn to Cutting and Pivoting SportsAround 9 to 12 months or laterMeet strength and functional testing criteria and demonstrate safe movement patterns ## Possible Risks and How We Reduce Them - Stiffness or loss of motion which is addressed with early, guided range-of-motion work - Graft retear, which we help reduce through progressive strengthening and movement training - Front-of-knee discomfort which is managed with targeted rehabilitation and activity modification - Blood clots or infection which are uncommon and monitored closely after surgery ## Prevention Strategies Not all ACL tears can be prevented, but careful training can lower your chances. Programs that improve how your muscles work, along with good form, help protect the knee during fast movements. Focus on strong hips and legs, balance, and flexible calves and thighs. This is especially helpful in sports that involve quick cuts and jumps. - Structured warm-up programs that teach safe jumping and landing - Strengthening of the hips, hamstrings, and core for better knee control - Balance and single-leg control drills - Consistent flexibility work for the calves, quads, and hamstrings - Appropriate footwear and sport-specific technique coaching ## When to See a Knee Specialist Schedule an evaluation if your knee swells quickly after injury, feels unstable, or keeps giving way during daily life or sports. Prompt diagnosis and a clear plan can protect your knee and support a confident return to activity. We will help you understand your options, choose a treatment path that fits your goals, and guide you through each stage of recovery. To get started, schedule an exam with our team. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Heart Rate Variability and Recovery: What HRV Means](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/heart-rate-variability-and-recovery-what-hrv-means/) **Published:** June 1, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Heart Rate Variability and What It Can Tell You About Recovery Heart rate variability, often called HRV, looks at the small changes in time between heartbeats. Those beat-to-beat changes can offer helpful insight into how your body is handling stress, exercise, sleep, and recovery. HRV can be a useful tool if you want to train with more awareness and notice how your body responds day to day. The idea is simple even if the word sounds technical. Your heart does not beat exactly like a metronome. In a healthy system, the spacing between beats shifts a little from moment to moment as your nervous system adjusts to what your body needs. ![Smartwatch on a wrist displaying a heart-rate reading outdoors.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/poa-heart-rate-1-scaled.jpg "Closeup of a person monitoring heart rate on a smartwatch outdoors - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Closeup of a person monitoring heart rate on a smartwatch outdoors--- ### Key Points About HRV # What You Should Know --- - HRV measures the variation in time between one heartbeat and the next. - It reflects how your autonomic nervous system is responding to stress and recovery. - A higher HRV is often linked with better recovery and more flexibility in the nervous system, within your own normal pattern. - A lower HRV can suggest your body is under more strain from illness, poor sleep, hard training, or emotional stress. - Your own trend over time matters more than comparing your number to someone else’s. - HRV naturally changes from day to day and can be influenced by age, fitness level, hydration, and medications. - Wearables and fitness trackers estimate HRV, and results can vary by device, software algorithm, time of day, sensor quality, and body position. - HRV readings should be used as one piece of the picture, not as a diagnosis by itself. - For active people, HRV can help guide recovery days, training intensity, and return to activity. - If you have symptoms such as chest pain, fainting, or trouble breathing, medical care matters more than any wearable reading. ![Abstract data visualization with neon blue and orange line graphs on a dark background](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/variable-heart-rate-2-1024x683.jpg "Close-up LED charts and summary info for making stock trading gr - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What Does Heart Rate Variability Mean? HRV describes the natural variation in timing between heartbeats. Even if your pulse is 60 beats per minute, those beats are not always exactly one second apart. That small variation is normal. This pattern is influenced by the autonomic nervous system, which helps control body functions you do not have to think about, such as heart rate, breathing, and digestion. The sympathetic system is often linked to stress or action. The parasympathetic system is often linked to rest and recovery. When these systems are balanced and responsive, HRV often trends higher. When your body is under more strain, HRV may drop. ## Why HRV Matters for Active People If you exercise regularly, recover from orthopedic injury, or train for sports, HRV may add another way to understand how your body is doing. It will not replace how you feel, your physical exam, or your care team’s guidance. Instead, it can provide additional context for the decisions you make each day. For example, a lower-than-usual HRV may suggest you need more sleep, more recovery time, or a lighter workout. If your trend looks steadier or is gradually improving, that may fit with good adaptation to training. ## What Can Affect Your HRV? Many factors can influence HRV, sometimes in ways that align with real recovery changes and sometimes in ways that reflect measurement limitations. HRV readings from smartwatches and fitness trackers are estimates. Device type, the algorithm used, and even small setup differences can shift readings. HRV can also be unreliable if your heart rhythm is irregular, if you have frequent ectopic beats, if you use a pacemaker, or if a sensor is not making good contact. If you have concerning symptoms, get medical care even if HRV looks normal or improved. - Sleep quality and sleep duration - Physical training load and recovery time - Emotional stress - Illness or infection - Hydration and nutrition - Alcohol use - Age and overall fitness - Certain medications and medical conditions Because so many factors affect HRV, one isolated reading usually does not mean much on its own. Looking at patterns over time is more useful than focusing on a single number. ### Common reasons HRV may be lower than usual - A poor night of sleep - A very intense workout or competition - Dehydration - Travel, especially across time zones - Increased life stress - Feeling run-down or getting sick Seeing a short-term drop does not always mean something is wrong. It may simply be a sign that your body needs more time to recover. ## Is Higher HRV Always Better? In general, a higher HRV is often associated with a more adaptable nervous system and better recovery. Still, HRV is personal. A higher number is usually favorable when it matches your normal pattern and is steady for you. Unusually high, erratic, or sudden changes are not automatically good. They can reflect measurement artifact, illness, overreaching, or rhythm irregularity. When HRV changes fast, pay extra attention to how you feel and what is going on in your training and sleep. HRV varies widely from person to person. Age, genetics, conditioning, and overall health can affect what is typical for you. That is why it is usually more helpful to know your normal range and watch for meaningful changes from your own usual pattern. ## How to Measure HRV HRV can be measured using electrocardiograms and certain wearable devices, such as chest straps, smartwatches, and fitness trackers. Different devices may estimate HRV differently, so it helps to use the same device and a similar routine when you are looking for trends. Many people measure HRV first thing in the morning, before caffeine, exercise, or a busy day changes the picture. What matters most is consistency. Small changes in time, activity, or body position can affect readings from some wearables. ## Ways to Make HRV Tracking More Useful TipWhy It Helps**Measure at the same time each day**Improves consistency and makes trends easier to compare.**Use the same device**Different tools may calculate HRV differently.**Track trends, not single readings**Day to day values can fluctuate for many reasons.**Pair HRV with symptoms and recovery habits**Sleep, soreness, stress, and energy level help give context.**Do not use HRV by itself to make medical decisions**It is a helpful marker, but not a diagnosis. ## How HRV Connects to Recovery and Orthopaedic Care For people recovering from musculoskeletal injuries, surgery, or periods of overtraining, HRV may be one way to watch how your body is handling stress. It can support day to day pacing during rehabilitation. It should be used alongside pain, swelling, strength, range of motion, fatigue, sleep, and functional progress, plus advice from your clinician or physical therapist. For example, if your HRV looks lower than usual and you also feel unusually sore or worn out, scaling back may help. If your overall trend looks steadier and you tolerate therapy well, it can fit with a gradual increase in activity. HRV alone should not decide when to return to sport or how far to progress after surgery. ## What HRV Cannot Do HRV can be helpful, but it has limits. It cannot tell you exactly why your body is stressed. It also cannot diagnose a heart condition, an injury problem, or another medical issue on its own. - It does not replace a medical evaluation. - It should not be used alone to push through warning signs or through pain. - It is only one part of understanding your health and recovery. ## When to Pay Closer Attention If your HRV stays lower than usual for days and you also feel unwell, overly fatigued, dizzy, or unable to bounce back from normal activity, it is wise to speak with a healthcare professional. This is especially important if you have an underlying heart condition or symptoms that worry you. ### Seek medical care right away if you have - Chest pain - Fainting - Trouble breathing - A racing or irregular heartbeat with symptoms - Severe weakness or dizziness ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/heart-rate-3-scaled.jpg "heart rate 3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")heart rate 3 ## A Practical Way to Use HRV Think of HRV as a daily check in rather than a number you have to chase. If readings fit your normal range and you feel well, your body may be ready for regular activity. If your numbers drop and you also feel tired, stressed, or sore, focus on basics like sleep, hydration, and recovery. For athletes and active adults, the goal is not perfection. The goal is learning how your body responds so you can make better decisions. That approach can help lower the chance of burnout or setbacks. ## Need Help Returning to Activity Safely? If pain, injury, overtraining, or slow recovery is making it harder to stay active, our orthopaedic specialists can help. We work with patients and athletes to review movement, guide treatment, and build a recovery plan that matches your goals. Schedule an evaluation with Princeton Orthopaedic Associates if you want support returning to exercise, sports, or daily activity with more confidence. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Pectoralis Major Tendon Tear: Symptoms and Treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/pectoralis-major-tendon-tear-symptoms-and-treatment/) **Published:** June 1, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Pectoralis Major Tendon Injuries: What You Need to Know A pectoralis major tendon injury affects the large chest muscle that helps you push, lift, and rotate your arm inward. These injuries often happen during weightlifting, especially the bench press. They can start as a mild strain or progress to a complete tendon tear that pulls away from the bone. If you felt a sudden pop in your chest or shoulder and then developed pain, bruising, or weakness, it is important to be checked. Early diagnosis helps your care team decide whether rest and rehab are enough or whether surgery may be needed to restore function. Many people notice trouble with pushing, lifting, or returning to sports and workouts. Learning common signs can help you seek care sooner and make a treatment plan that fits your needs and activity level. --- ### Key Points About Pectoralis Major Tendon Tears # What You Should Know: --- - The pectoralis major is the large chest muscle that helps move and stabilize your shoulder and arm. - These injuries often happen during heavy weightlifting, especially while lowering the bar during a bench press. - A sudden pop, pain, swelling, bruising, or weakness can be signs of a tendon tear. - Some injuries are partial tears, while others are complete tears where the tendon separates from its attachment. - Prompt evaluation is important because treatment choices can be time-sensitive. - Mild injuries may improve with rest, activity changes, and physical therapy. - Complete tears may require surgery, especially for active people seeking to regain strength. - Doctors often use a physical exam and an MRI to confirm the injury. Ultrasound may help in some cases. - Without proper care, some patients are left with ongoing weakness or a chest shape change. - Recovery often includes protecting the area first, then guided rehabilitation. ![Anatomical teaching model of the upper torso showing exposed skeleton and detailed chest and shoulder muscles.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/pectorlia-scaled.jpg "Half skeletal and muscular human anatomy model for medical study - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Half skeletal and muscular human anatomy model for medical study## What Is the Pectoralis Major Tendon? The pectoralis major is the broad muscle across the front of your chest. It helps bring your arm toward your body, rotate it inward, and generate power during pushing motions. This muscle narrows into a tendon as it approaches the upper arm bone, called the humerus. Pectoralis major tears can happen at the tendon insertion, at the musculotendinous junction, or within the muscle belly. Tendon avulsions near the humerus are common. ## How These Injuries Usually Happen Pectoralis major tendon tears are often linked to forceful activity. The classic situation is a heavy bench press, especially during the lowering phase when the muscle is stretched while still under load. They can also happen during contact sports, wrestling, football, or other activities that place sudden stress across the chest and shoulder. Many people describe sharp pain and an immediate sense that something tore. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/medical-professional-examining-anatomical-model-in-2026-01-07-00-38-38-utc-1024x683.jpg "Medical professional examining anatomical model in clinic - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Common Signs and Symptoms Symptoms can vary depending on whether the injury is a strain, a partial tear, or a full rupture. A complete tear often causes stronger pain and noticeable weakness right away, but some partial injuries may look less dramatic at first. - A sudden pop or tearing feeling in the chest or shoulder - Pain in the chest, front of the shoulder, or upper arm - Swelling and bruising, sometimes spreading down the arm - Weakness with pushing, lifting, or bringing the arm inward - A change in the contour of the chest or armpit area - Tenderness where the tendon normally attaches near the upper arm Some patients notice one side of the chest looks flatter or uneven compared with the other side. This visible change can suggest the tendon has separated or the muscle is not working the way it should. ## Who Is Most at Risk? These injuries often occur in active adults, especially men between the ages of 20 and 40 who do strength training. Heavy bench pressing is a well-known risk factor, particularly when form breaks down under heavy load. That said, the injury is not limited to competitive lifters. Anyone who puts a sudden, strong force across the chest and shoulder can develop a pectoralis major tendon tear. ## How We Diagnose a Pectoralis Major Tear Diagnosis starts with your story of how the injury happened and a careful physical exam. Your clinician checks for bruising, weakness, tenderness, and shape changes in the chest muscle. MRI is commonly used to confirm the tear and tell whether it is partial or complete. It can also show where the tendon is injured and how much tissue is involved. Ultrasound may sometimes be helpful, depending on the situation. ## Types of Pectoralis Major Injuries Injury TypeWhat It MeansTypical Effect**Strain**The muscle or tendon is overstretched but not fully torn.Pain and soreness, but strength may still be fairly good.**Partial tear**Only part of the tendon or muscle is torn.Pain, weakness, and some loss of function.**Complete tear**The tendon fully separates, often near the upper arm bone.More significant weakness, bruising, and chest contour change. ## When Non-Surgical Treatment May Help Non-surgical care may be reasonable for some partial tears, injuries in the muscle belly, or for people who do not need full strength for sports or heavy lifting. Treatment usually focuses on protecting the area, managing pain, and slowly restoring motion with physical therapy. - Short period of rest and activity modification - Sling use when recommended for comfort - Ice and other pain-control strategies - Physical therapy to improve motion and rebuild strength Even when surgery is not needed, evaluation still matters. Some problems that feel like a strain turn out to be a tendon tear, and the treatment plan may change based on what is actually injured. ## When Surgery Is More Likely to Be Recommended Surgery may be considered for complete tendon tears, especially in active patients who want to regain strength and return to sports, weight training, or physically demanding work. The goal is to repair the tendon when it is separated, when that is appropriate for the case. Treatment depends on tear severity, location, timing, and your activity level and goals. In many cases, repair is easier to do when evaluation happens relatively soon after the injury, before the tendon retracts and scar tissue develops. Your care team can explain what is realistic for your situation. **You should be evaluated promptly if you notice:** - A pop during bench press or another forceful movement - Rapid bruising across the chest or upper arm - Visible asymmetry of the chest muscle - Sudden weakness with pushing or lifting Early assessment helps confirm the injury and guides the treatment plan. Getting care sooner can give you more options, especially when a tear is suspected. ## What Recovery Usually Involves Recovery depends on the severity of the injury and whether surgery is performed. Healing takes time because the chest and shoulder work together for pushing, lifting, and many daily movements. Rehabilitation often moves in stages. Early care protects the repair or allows the tear to settle. Later phases work to restore shoulder motion, rebuild strength, and gradually bring you back to sports or lifting based on guidance from your care team. ## General Recovery Overview StageWhat to Expect**Early phase**Rest, protection, pain control, and limited use of the arm.**Rehabilitation phase**Gradual return of shoulder motion and supervised strengthening.**Return to activity**Progressive increase in daily activity, gym exercises, and sports as advised by your care team. ## Why Early Care Matters A delayed diagnosis can make treatment more difficult. Over time, a torn tendon may retract, and the muscle can lose some of its normal function and look. If you still have weakness, chest deformity, or pain after a lifting injury, do not assume it will fix itself. The right diagnosis early can help protect long-term strength and shoulder function. ## When to See an Orthopaedic Specialist You should schedule an evaluation if you had a sudden chest or shoulder injury and now have pain, bruising, weakness, or a change in chest shape. This is especially important if the injury happened during weightlifting or contact sports. - You heard or felt a pop during exercise - Your chest or upper arm bruised quickly after the injury - You have lost strength with pressing or pushing - One side of your chest looks different than the other - You are having trouble returning to work, sports, or lifting At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we can examine the injury, review imaging if needed, and discuss whether non-surgical treatment or repair is the best fit for your goals. If you are worried about a possible chest tendon tear, schedule an exam so you can move forward with a clear plan. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Which Doctor to See for Back Pain: When to Seek Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/which-doctor-to-see-for-back-pain-when-to-seek-care/) **Published:** May 2, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/shutterstock_2633022563.jpg "SportTraumaYoungArabMaleAthleteSufferingLowerBackPain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Common Reasons Your Back Hurts Most back pain comes from tired muscles, stiff joints, or irritated nerves. A clinician will consider many possible reasons for your symptoms. The most common causes include muscle or tendon strains from overuse, a herniated or bulging disc that presses on a nerve, and spinal changes that cause pain with movement. This information aligns with the ACP 2017 guidelines, NICE NG59, the ACR Low Back Pain criteria, and the NASS guidelines for radiculopathy and stenosis. - Muscle or ligament strain from lifting, twisting, or prolonged sitting - A herniated or bulging disc that can press on a nerve and cause sciatica - Degenerative disc changes that can contribute to stiffness and discomfort - Spinal stenosis, which is a narrowing of the nerves - Facet joint arthritis or irritation - Sacroiliac (SI) joint dysfunction near the back of the pelvis - Spondylolisthesis, where one vertebra slips relative to another - Osteoporosis-related compression fractures - Inflammatory conditions that cause morning stiffness and improve with movement ## What to Expect at Your First Visit Your clinician will review your symptoms, medical history, daily activities, and goals. A focused exam assesses posture, range of motion, tender areas, reflexes, strength, and sensation to determine whether the pain is muscular, joint-related, or nerve-related. Imaging is not always needed at the first visit. X-rays or MRI may be recommended if symptoms last, if there are signs of nerve compression or structural problems, or if red flags are present. ## Which Specialist Treats What? SpecialtyBest ForWhen to ConsiderPrimary CareInitial evaluation, simple strains, medication guidanceNew back pain without red flags or significant nerve symptomsPhysiatrist (PM&R)Non-surgical spine care, movement dysfunction, targeted rehabPersistent pain, sciatica, work or sports-related issues, return-to-activity planningOrthopaedic Spine SurgeonStructural spine problems, nerve compression, surgical optionsProgressive weakness, significant stenosis or disc herniation, pain that persists despite conservative carePain MedicineImage-guided injections, medication strategies, multidisciplinary pain plansRadicular pain, facet or SI joint pain, when targeted injections may helpPhysical TherapistExercise-based recovery, posture and lifting mechanics, core and hip strengthMost cases of back pain once serious causes are ruled outChiropractorManual care for uncomplicated mechanical back painShort-term relief for acute episodes when no red flags are presentRheumatologistInflammatory back conditions and autoimmune disordersBack pain with prolonged morning stiffness, eye or skin inflammation, or other systemic signsEmergency MedicineCritical evaluation and stabilizationRed flag symptoms such as bowel or bladder changes, saddle numbness, high fever, severe trauma![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2192580347.jpg "WomanWithHerBackSprainWhileDrivingCarLongTime - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")WomanWithHerBackSprainWhileDrivingCarLongTime ## Signs You May Need a Surgical Opinion - Worsening weakness, trouble lifting the foot, or difficulty walking - Back or leg pain that remains severe after several weeks of appropriate non-surgical treatment - Findings of significant nerve compression, spinal instability, fracture, infection, or tumor When surgery is appropriate, procedures may include relieving pressure on nerves (decompression) or stabilizing a spinal segment (fusion). Your surgeon will review options, risks, and expected recovery so you can make an informed choice. ## Treatments That Often Help First Most people begin with non-surgical care that fits the exact type of back pain. A doctor or therapist creates a plan based on your diagnosis, daily activities, and goals. That plan may include gradual movement, medicines if appropriate, heat or cold, and physical therapy. This approach follows ACP 2017 guidelines, NICE NG59, ACR Low Back Pain criteria, and NASS guidelines. - Activity changes, short rest as needed, and a gradual return to movement - Over-the-counter pain relievers or anti-inflammatory medicines if appropriate for you - Heat or ice for symptom relief - Physical therapy focused on mobility, core and hip strength, and posture - Image-guided injections, such as an epidural steroid injection or facet/SI joint injection, when nerve or joint inflammation is the main driver ## How We Help at Princeton Orthopedic Associates Whether you want to return to work, play sports, or end a recurring flare, the team will identify the source of the pain and guide you to the right care. Begin with a thorough exam, then build a plan that fits your daily life and your diagnosis. This approach aligns with ACP 2017 guidelines and NICE NG59, and with ACR Low Back Pain criteria and NASS guidelines for radiculopathy and stenosis. Schedule an appointment with our spine team to get clear answers and a treatment plan you can trust. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* - - Primary care or urgent care can assess common strains and guide initial treatment. - - Physiatrists focus on non-surgical spine care, functional movement, and targeted rehabilitation. - - Orthopaedic spine specialists evaluate disc problems, nerve pain, spinal stenosis, and structural causes. - Physical therapists design exercise programs that reduce pain and improve mechanics. **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Leg Muscles: Common Injuries and Care Tips](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/leg-muscles-common-injuries-and-care-tips/) **Published:** May 1, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Leg Muscles: How They Work Your legs rely on a powerful team of muscles to stand, walk, climb stairs, and stay balanced. Below, we explain the major muscle groups of the thigh and lower leg, what they do, common conditions that affect them, and practical steps you can take to prevent injury and recover safely. --- ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/poa-leg-muscles.jpg "Close-upOfWomenHoldingHerLowerLegInPainDuring - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## How Your Leg Muscles Are Organized Leg muscles are organized into groups based on their location and function. Each group has a specific job, and they work together with the other groups to move your hips, knees, ankles, and feet. This teamwork keeps your steps smooth and balanced during daily activities. - The gluteal region at the hip: gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus help control hip movement and stabilize the pelvis while you walk. - Front of the thigh (anterior compartment): quadriceps straighten the knee, and one of them, the rectus femoris, also helps flex the hip. - Back of the thigh (posterior compartment): hamstrings bend the knee and extend the hip. - Inner thigh (medial compartment): adductor muscles pull the legs toward the midline and help steady the pelvis. - Front of the lower leg (anterior compartment): tibialis anterior and toe extensors lift the foot and toes to clear the ground when you walk. - Outer lower leg (lateral compartment): peroneal muscles (also called fibularis longus and brevis in current anatomical terminology) evert the foot and help control side-to-side ankle stability. - Deep posterior compartment: tibialis posterior (with flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus) supports the arch, contributes to inversion, and aids dynamic ankle stability. - Back of the lower leg (posterior compartment): gastrocnemius and soleus form the calf and point the foot downward for push-off, working through the Achilles tendon. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/leg-muscles-poa-2026-1024x819.jpg "leg-muscles-poa-2026 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")leg muscles poa 2026## Major Leg Muscles and What They Do RegionMuscle GroupKey MusclesPrimary ActionsEveryday RoleHipGlutealsGluteus maximus, medius, minimusHip extension, abduction, rotationStand up from a chair, steady pelvis during walkingThigh (front)QuadricepsRectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermediusKnee extension, hip flexion by the rectus femorisClimb stairs, rise, squat controlThigh (back)HamstringsBiceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosusKnee flexion, hip extensionWalk and run, control decelerationThigh (inner)AdductorsAdductor longus, brevis, magnus; gracilisHip adduction and stabilizationChange direction, balance on one legLower leg (front)DorsiflexorsTibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longusAnkle dorsiflexion, toe extensionClear toes during swing, controlled foot placementLower leg (outer)PeronealsPeroneus longus, peroneus brevisFoot eversion, plantarflex assistStabilize the ankle on uneven groundLower leg (back)CalfGastrocnemius, soleus; Achilles tendonPlantarflexion assists knee flexion via the gastrocnemiusPush-off for walking, running, jumping ## How These Muscles Work Together Leg movement is a team effort. The glutes stabilize the pelvis, allowing the hamstrings and quadriceps to move the hip and knee smoothly, while the lower leg muscles guide ankle and foot position for balance and push-off. - Efficient walking and running require controlled hip motion, steady knee tracking, and a stable ankle. - Muscle imbalances, fatigue, or restricted flexibility can shift loads to the wrong areas and raise injury risk. ## Common Leg Muscle Problems We diagnose and treat a wide range of leg muscle injuries and overuse conditions. Here are some of the most common: - Hamstring strain: sudden pain in the back of the thigh, often during sprinting or quick starts. - Quadriceps strain or tendinopathy: pain in the front of the thigh or just above the kneecap, worse with squatting or stairs. Pain below the kneecap more commonly points to patellar tendinopathy (jumper’s knee). - Groin pull involving the adductors: inner thigh pain with cutting, kicking, or side-to-side movements. - Calf strain: sharp pain or tightness in the calf, sometimes with difficulty pushing off. - Achilles tendinopathy or tear: pain or stiffness at the back of the heel or a sudden pop with loss of push-off strength. - Medial tibial stress syndrome (shin splints): aching along the inner shin with running or walking volume increases. - Muscle cramps: sudden, involuntary contractions that can follow fatigue, heat, or dehydration. ## Prevention Tips You Can Start Today Small, steady habits can lower your chance of strains and overuse injuries, and they can help you recover more quickly if symptoms appear. By incorporating simple home routines, you may improve your strength, flexibility, and balance over time, thereby supporting safer movement during daily activities and sports. - Warm up for 5 to 10 minutes, then include dynamic movements that match your activity. - Gradually increase training volume or intensity to give muscles and tendons time to adapt. - Strengthen all major groups: glutes, quadriceps, hamstrings, calves, and core for balanced support. - Maintain flexibility in hip flexors, hamstrings, quads, and calves to allow healthy joint motion. - Rotate activities to vary stress on tissues and schedule regular recovery days. - Wear supportive, well-fitting footwear suited to your activity and replace worn shoes. - Stay hydrated and fuel activity with adequate nutrition. ## Self-Care for Mild Symptoms - Relative rest from painful activities while staying gently active as tolerated. - Ice for 15-20 minutes several times per day, especially after activity. - Compression and elevation for swelling, if present. - Your clinician recommends over-the-counter pain relief. - Gradual return to activity with a focus on form and strength balance. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/leg-massage-poa.jpg "AtABeautySpaSalonAWomanIsReceivingA - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")AtABeautySpaSalonAWomanIsReceivingA ## When to Seek Medical Evaluation SituationWhat It May IndicateWhat to DoA sudden pop with immediate pain or swellingPossible muscle or tendon tearSeek a same-day medical evaluationInability to bear weight or a visible deformitySignificant injury that needs prompt careSeek same-day medical evaluationCalf swelling, warmth, and tenderness, especially with shortness of breathConcerning for a blood clotSeek emergency or urgent medical carePain that persists or keeps returning despite restOveruse injury or biomechanical issueSchedule an orthopaedic assessment ## How Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Can Help We begin by listening to your history and watching how you move. We assess strength, flexibility, and joint function across various movements. If imaging is helpful, imaging tests can clarify which muscle, tendon, or joint is involved and guide the appropriate treatment plan. - Targeted activity modification to calm irritation while keeping you moving. - Physical therapy focused on strength, balance, flexibility, and gait (movement) retraining. - Bracing, taping, or assistive devices when appropriate. - Medications or injections when clinically indicated for pain and inflammation. - Surgical consultation for significant tears or injuries that don’t respond to conservative care. Our goal is to treat the problem and its cause so you can return to the activities you enjoy with confidence. ## Next Steps If leg pain is limiting your daily routine or training, we’re here to help. Schedule an evaluation to obtain a precise diagnosis and a plan that aligns with your goals. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [All About Shoulder Labrum Tears](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/all-about-shoulder-labrum-tears/) **Published:** April 2, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Shoulder Labrum Tears: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options Shoulder labrum tears can cause deep shoulder pain, clicking, or a sense that the joint might slip. You'll learn what the labrum does, how tears happen, the most common symptoms, how we diagnose the problem, and which treatments can help you return to daily activities and sports safely. By understanding what causes labrum tears and the steps involved in evaluation and treatment, you can ask informed questions, set realistic goals, and participate actively in recovery with your care team. --- ## What Is the Shoulder Labrum? The shoulder labrum is a rim of cartilage that lines the shallow socket of the shoulder joint, called the glenoid. It deepens the socket, cushions the joint, and helps your ligaments and biceps tendon keep the ball of the shoulder centered. When the labrum tears, the joint can feel painful or unstable. Some people notice catching, clicking, or a drop in strength when lifting, pushing, or reaching overhead. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/poa-shoulder-labrum-tear-1-1024x818.png "poa shoulder labrum tear - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Common Types of Labrum Tears Several patterns of tearing can occur depending on where the labrum is injured and how the injury happened. TypeLocationTypical CauseCommon SymptomsTypical Treatment Approach**SLAP Tear** (Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior)Top of the socket where the biceps tendon attachesOverhead sports, falls on an outstretched arm, wear-and-tearPain with overhead use, clicking, reduced throwing powerPhysical therapy, activity modification; arthroscopic repair or biceps procedures when needed**Bankart Tear**Front-lower portion of the labrumShoulder dislocation or subluxationInstability, repeated dislocations, apprehension with abduction/external rotationRehab to restore control; arthroscopic Bankart repair for recurrent instability**Posterior Labral Tear**Back portion of the labrumForceful pushing, blocking, falls, repetitive loadingDeep posterior pain, clicking, pain with pushing or bench pressRehab focused on scapular/rotator cuff control; arthroscopic repair if instability persists ## Symptoms You Might Notice Symptoms can vary depending on the type of labrum tear and your level of activity, but several signs are common across many cases. People may notice deep shoulder pain during lifting or overhead work, a sensation of catching or grinding within the joint, and reduced strength when pushing or throwing. Some experience night pain or reduced range of motion compared with the other shoulder. These patterns help guide evaluation and treatment choices. - Deep, hard-to-point-to shoulder pain, often with overhead use - Sensation of catching, grinding, or clicking inside the joint - Weakness when lifting, pushing, or throwing - Feeling that the shoulder could slip out or is less stable than usual - Pain at night or when lying on the affected side - Decreased range of motion compared with your other shoulder ## Common Types of Labrum Tears ## How Labrum Tears Happen - Trauma, such as a fall on an outstretched hand or a direct blow - Shoulder dislocation or partial dislocation - Repetitive overhead motion in activities like baseball, tennis, swimming, or weightlifting - Gradual wear related to age and everyday use - Shoulder laxity or poor shoulder blade and rotator cuff control ## When to See a Shoulder Specialist - Pain or instability that lasts more than a few days after an injury - Recurring popping, catching, or a sense of slipping in the joint - Weakness that limits work, exercise, or sport - Night pain that interrupts sleep ## How We Diagnose a Labrum Tear Diagnosis starts with a detailed history and a hands-on exam that includes specific tests to stress different parts of the labrum and shoulder. We assess shoulder blade position, rotator cuff strength, and signs of instability. Imaging often includes X-rays to evaluate the bones and joint alignment. An MRI, sometimes with a small amount of contrast dye in the joint, can help show the labrum and associated soft-tissue injuries. ## Nonsurgical Treatment Many labrum tears improve without surgery, especially when pain is the main issue and the shoulder is stable. - Activity modification to reduce painful overhead or heavy pushing motions - Pain and inflammation control with ice and medications as advised - Targeted physical therapy to restore shoulder blade control and rotator cuff balance - Gradual strengthening and return-to-sport progression guided by symptoms - In some cases, a guided corticosteroid injection may help with pain to allow better participation in therapy ## Surgical Options If pain or instability persists despite focused rehab, arthroscopic surgery may be recommended. Through small incisions, your surgeon can evaluate the labrum and repair or trim damaged tissue as appropriate. - Bankart repair to restore stability when the front of the labrum is torn with a dislocation - SLAP repair or procedures involving the biceps tendon, chosen based on age, activity, and tear pattern - Posterior labral repair for recurrent symptoms at the back of the joint ## Recovery Timeline and Return to Activity Recovery depends on the type of tear, the procedure performed, and your sport or job demands. The general ranges below are common starting points that your surgeon and therapist will personalize. PhaseTypical TimeframeFocusSling/Protection2-4 weeks after debridement; 4-6 weeks after repairProtect healing tissue, gentle hand/elbow motion, pain controlEarly MotionWeeks 2-8 after debridement; Weeks 4-10 after repairRestore range of motion under guidance, avoid provocative positionsStrength & ControlMonths 2-4Scapular and rotator cuff strength, posture, gradual loadReturn to Sports/Work3-4 months for non-contact after debridement; 4-6+ months after repairProgressive sport-specific drills; throwing programs may take longer ## Protecting Your Shoulder Going Forward - Keep the shoulder blade stable during overhead work and lifting - Build balanced strength in the rotator cuff and core - Ease into new training volumes and avoid sudden spikes - Use proper technique for throwing, pressing, and pull-ups - Stop and seek guidance if you feel joint slipping, catching, or sharp pain ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/shoulder-labrum-poa-1024x683.jpg "A male made an injury on his shoulder during a workout feeling pain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Get the Right Diagnosis and a Clear Plan If shoulder pain, clicking, or instability is limiting you, we’ll examine your shoulder, review imaging when needed, and create a plan that fits your goals. Most people start with focused rehab, and when surgery is the best path, your team will guide you each step of the way. Schedule an evaluation with Princeton Orthopaedic Associates to get moving comfortably again. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Lower Back Pain Relief: Safe Exercises and Weekly Plan](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/lower-back-pain-relief-safe-exercises-and-weekly-plan/) **Published:** December 1, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Exercises to Relieve Lower Back Pain: A Step-by-Step Guide Lower back pain is common, and the right movements can make a big difference. This guide walks you through simple mobility drills, gentle stretches, and core-strengthening exercises, plus how often to do them, how to stay safe, and when to see a specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/senior-woman-practicing-yoga-at-home-doing-balasan-2024-10-17-05-36-37-utc-scaled.jpg "Senior woman practicing yoga at home doing balasana position - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ### What You'll Learn - How to move your back safely without flaring symptoms. - Mobility exercises that ease stiffness. - Core and hip strengthening that supports your spine. - Stretching for tight hips, hamstrings, and glutes. - A simple weekly routine you can follow. - What to do if pain increases during a movement. - Signs you should pause and contact a clinician. - How often to practice and how to progress safely. - Ways our team can personalize your plan. - When imaging or further evaluation may be appropriate. ## Before You Start: Safety, Setup, and Pain Rules These movements should feel gentle and controlled. You may notice a comfortable stretch or mild muscular effort, but you should not experience sharp, stabbing, or worsening pain at any point during the exercise. If you feel uncomfortable, ease back, rest briefly, and check your form. Move slowly, keep your movements smooth, and breathe steadily throughout each position. - Warm-up: 3 to 5 minutes of easy walking or marching in place. - Breathing: Inhale through your nose, exhale through pursed lips. - Avoid holding your breath during exercises. - Range of motion: Stay in a pain-free range and ease in gradually. - Surface: Use a yoga mat or carpet for comfort. - Stop if you notice new numbness, leg weakness, or pain traveling below the knee that intensifies. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/senior-man-back-pain-injury-2025-03-18-13-52-56-utc-1024x683.jpg "senior-man-back-pain-injury-2025-03-18-13-52-56-utc - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Mobility First: Gentle Movements to Reduce Stiffness Begin with slow, comfortable movements to ease the back and improve blood flow throughout the spine. Move with control, staying in a pain-free range, and stop if anything sharp or increasingly uncomfortable appears. For most moves, aim for about five to ten deliberate repetitions unless otherwise noted. ### 1) Pelvic Tilts (Supine) - Lie on your back with knees bent and feet hip-width apart. - Gently flatten your low back toward the floor by tightening your abdominals, then return to neutral. - Perform 1 to 2 sets of 8 to 12 reps. ### 2) Lower Trunk Rotations - On your back with knees bent, slowly roll both knees to one side, pause, then roll to the other side. - Keep shoulders relaxed against the floor. - 5 to 10 reps each side. ### 3) Single Knee to Chest - Bring one knee toward your chest using your hands or a towel behind the thigh. - Hold 15 to 30 seconds, switch sides. - Repeat 2 to 3 times per side. ### 4) Cat to Cow - On hands and knees, gently round your spine up, then lengthen it as you look slightly forward. - Move slowly with your breath. - 8 to 10 slow reps. ### 5) Child’s Pose Reach - Sit back toward your heels with knees comfortable, reach arms forward, and relax your torso. - Hold 20 to 30 seconds, 2 to 3 times, staying pain-free. ## Build Support: Core and Hip Strengthening Strong hips and a steady core help unload irritated tissues in the lower back and support your spine during daily tasks. Perform each movement with deliberate control, paying attention to alignment and how your body feels. If any symptom worsens, stop the exercise and reassess your form. Aim for two to three sets, with 30 to 60 seconds of rest between sets. ### 1) Bridge - On your back, knees bent, feet planted. - Squeeze glutes and lift hips until shoulders, hips, and knees form a line. - Pause 2 seconds, lower slowly; 8 to 12 reps. ### 2) Bird Dog - From hands and knees, brace your core. - Extend opposite arm and leg without arching your back. - Hold 2 to 3 seconds; 6 to 10 reps per side. ### 3) Dead Bug (Modified) - On your back, hips and knees bent to about 90 degrees, arms up. - Keep your low back gently anchored to the floor. - Tap one heel to the floor and return; switch sides; 6 to 10 reps per side. ### 4) Side-Lying Clamshell - Lying on your side with knees bent, keep feet together. - Lift the top knee without rolling your hips; 10 to 15 reps per side. ### 5) Forearm Plank (Knees or Toes) - Maintain a long spine, keep ribs and pelvis aligned. - Hold 10 to 20 seconds without pain; 2 to 4 holds. ## Stretch What's Tight: Hips and Legs Tight hips or hamstrings can pull on the pelvis and increase back strain. Hold each stretch 15 to 30 seconds, repeat 2 to 3 times, and keep breathing. - **Hamstring Strap Stretch:** On your back, loop a strap or towel around the foot and gently straighten the knee until a mild stretch is felt in the back of the thigh. - **Hip Flexor Stretch:** Half-kneeling, gently shift your weight forward until you feel the front of the hip stretch on the kneeling side. - **Piriformis Figure-4:** Cross one ankle over the opposite knee and draw the legs toward your chest until the outer hip stretches. ## A Simple Weekly Plan Use this plan as a flexible starting point and adjust it based on how you feel and what you can tolerate. Prioritizing consistency and gradual progress matters more than pushing for fast gains. Listen to your body, and modify days, reps, or rest as needed to stay comfortable and avoid flare-ups. DayMobilityStrengthStretchNotesMonPelvic tilts, trunk rotationsBridge, clamshellHamstringsEasy start, 1 to 2 setsTueCat to cowBird dogHip flexorsFocus on formWedChild’s poseDead bugPiriformisOptional walk 10 to 20 minThuPelvic tilts, trunk rotationsBridge, clamshellHamstringsAdd 1 to 2 reps if comfortableFriCat to cowBird dogHip flexorsShort and easySatChoice mobilityPlank holdsPiriformisWalk or light activitySunRecovery—Gentle stretchListen to your body ## Progress Tips - Increase reps or holds by small amounts once a week if movements feel easy and symptoms stay settled. - Keep motions smooth and controlled, not fast or jerky. - Add short daily walks to support circulation and recovery. - Use supportive footwear and avoid prolonged sitting when possible. ## When to Pause and Contact a Clinician Most back pain improves with gentle activity and careful pacing, but some warning signs require medical input sooner rather than later. If your symptoms persist beyond a short period, intensify, or there are new concerns, seek medical guidance promptly. The list below describes red flags that warrant evaluation by a clinician. - Severe or worsening pain that doesn’t change with rest. - Leg numbness, tingling, or weakness that’s increasing. - Changes in bowel or bladder control. - Fever, unexplained weight loss, or recent significant trauma. ## How Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Can Help If your symptoms aren’t improving, our team can evaluate your movement, identify the source of pain, and build a program that fits your goals. Most people do well with focused physical therapy, activity modification, and a progressive home plan. If you’re unsure where to start, schedule an exam with our spine or physical therapy team. We’ll help you understand what’s safe, how to progress, and when additional options are appropriate. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic --- ### [Foot Pain: Causes by Location, Symptoms, and Treatments](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/foot-pain-causes-by-location-symptoms-and-treatments/) **Published:** March 25, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Foot Pain: Common Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options Foot pain can come from many sources, from irritated tendons and tight fascia to nerve irritation and arthritis. Here, you’ll find a clear overview of why feet hurt, how to tell what might be going on, and the proven ways we help people heal and stay active. Whether your foot pain is new or has lasted for months, know how your pain acts, where it hurts, and how it changes with walking or standing. This helps you find relief faster. You can start practical steps today and use the medical options we choose when home care does not work. --- ### Foot Pain at a Glance: What to Know - Location matters. Heel, arch, forefoot, toes, top of foot, or ankle pain often points to different causes. - Common culprits include plantar fasciitis, tendon irritation, stress fractures, arthritis, and nerve problems. - Training errors, worn shoes, long days on your feet, or sudden changes in activity can trigger pain. - Early care helps. Activity changes, ice, supportive footwear, and guided exercises often ease symptoms. - See a specialist if pain is severe, you can’t bear weight, there’s deformity, or symptoms persist despite rest. - Imaging, such as X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI, may be used when a fracture, tendon tear, or arthritis is suspected. - Most cases improve without surgery through physical therapy, orthotics, and targeted treatments. - Persistent bunions, neuromas, severe arthritis, or unstable injuries sometimes need surgical care. - Good shoes, gradual training, and strengthening reduce the odds of recurring pain. - Your plan should match your specific diagnosis, goals, and activity demands. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/poa-foot-pain-1024x683.jpg "Closeup shot of pain leg foot suffering tanned beautiful young Asian woman touch ankle at home interior living room Injuries Poor health Illness concept Cool offer Banner - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Closeup shot of pain leg foot suffering tanned beautiful young Asian woman touch ankle at home interior living room Injuries Poor health Illness concept Cool offer Banner ## How Your Foot Works and Why It Can Hurt Your foot has 26 bones, numerous joints, strong ligaments, and powerful tendons. This complex design allows it to absorb shock, stabilize the body, and push you forward with every step. Problems arise when tissues are overworked, inflamed, worn by arthritis, or irritated by pressure or footwear. The plantar fascia, Achilles tendon, and small nerves between the toes are frequent sources of symptoms. ## Where It Hurts Can Point to the Cause Use this guide to match common pain locations with frequent causes and typical clues. A precise diagnosis still requires an exam. RegionPossible CausesTypical CluesHeelPlantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinitis, heel spur, stress fracture, bursitisFirst-step pain in the morning, pain after sitting, tenderness under the heel or back of heelArch / Bottom of FootPlantar fasciitis, posterior tibial tendon issues, flatfoot strainAching along the arch, worse with prolonged standing or long walksBall of Foot / ToesMetatarsalgia, Morton neuroma, sesamoiditis, hammertoe irritationBurning or pebble-like feeling under the forefoot, numbness between toesTop of Foot / MidfootExtensor tendinitis, midfoot arthritis, Lisfranc sprain, stress fracturePain with lacing shoes tightly, swelling on top, pain with push-offOuter Foot / AnkleAnkle sprain, peroneal tendinitisTenderness along outer ankle or foot, pain on uneven groundBig Toe JointBunion, hallux rigidus, turf toe, goutProminent bunion, stiffness or grinding, sudden redness and swelling with gout## Common Causes by Area ### Heel Pain - Plantar fasciitis: Irritation of the band of tissue under the foot that supports the arch. Often worse with the first steps in the morning. - Achilles tendinitis: Overuse irritation of the tendon connecting the calf to the heel. Common with increased training or tight calves. - Heel spur: A bony growth at the heel that may accompany plantar fasciitis. Pain usually comes from the irritated soft tissues, not the spur itself. - Bursitis or retrocalcaneal irritation: Inflammation of cushioning sacs near the Achilles insertion at the back of the heel. - Stress fracture: Tiny crack in the heel bone from repetitive load. Tender to touch, often worse with weight bearing. ### Arch and Bottom of the Foot - Plantar fasciitis: The most common cause of arch pain, related to overload of the plantar fascia. - Posterior tibial tendon problems: This tendon supports the arch. Irritation or insufficiency can cause aching along the inside of the ankle and arch, sometimes with a flattening of the foot. - Flatfoot strain: Flexible flat feet may ache after prolonged standing or walking, especially on hard surfaces. ### Ball of the Foot and Toes - Metatarsalgia: Pain under the ball of the foot from overload or footwear pressure. - Morton neuroma: Thickening of a small nerve between the toes, causing burning, tingling, or a sock-bunched-up feeling. - Sesamoiditis: Irritation of the small bones under the big toe joint, often in push-off athletes or with flexible forefeet. - Hammertoe irritation: A toe deformity that rubs in shoes and can cause corns or calluses. - Stress fractures: Small cracks in the metatarsal bones from repetitive impact. ### Top of Foot and Midfoot - Extensor tendinitis: Irritation of the tendons on top of the foot, sometimes from tight laces or increased activity. - Midfoot arthritis: Wear of the joints in the middle of the foot, causing stiffness and aching, often worse with push-off. - Lisfranc sprain: Injury to the midfoot ligaments that needs careful evaluation if pain and swelling persist. Persistent midfoot pain, inability to bear weight, or bruising on the bottom of the foot warrants prompt evaluation. - Stress fracture: Overuse injury of the midfoot bones, common with training spikes or sudden activity changes. ### Outer Foot and Ankle - Ankle sprain: Ligament injury after rolling the ankle. Pain, swelling, and tenderness on the outside are typical. - Peroneal tendinitis: Irritation of the tendons that run behind the outer ankle bone, often aggravated by uneven ground. ### Big Toe Joint - Bunion (hallux valgus): A bony prominence and angulation at the base of the big toe that can cause shoe pressure and pain. - Hallux rigidus: Arthritis and stiffness of the big toe joint that makes push-off painful. - Turf toe: Sprain of the big toe joint from a hyperextension injury. - Gout: Sudden, intense pain, redness, and swelling at the big toe joint due to crystal inflammation. ## When to Seek Care Urgently - Severe pain or swelling after an injury, or visible deformity - Inability to bear weight or take four steps - Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the foot - Fever, redness, warmth, or an open wound near a painful area - Pain that persists beyond a couple of weeks despite rest and home care ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/poa-foot-pain-2-1024x683.jpg "Cropped image of african american doctor examining and palpating patient ankle - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## How To Diagnose Foot Pain Your specialist begins with a careful history and hands-on exam. We look at where it hurts, when it hurts, your footwear, and how you walk. - Physical exam: Tender points, flexibility, strength, alignment, and gait - Imaging as needed: X-rays for bones and joints, ultrasound for soft tissues, MRI for complex or persistent problems - Nerve testing in select cases when symptoms suggest nerve entrapment The goal is a clear diagnosis, so your treatment targets the true source of pain. ## Treatment Options That Help Most foot pain improves with a combination of activity changes, shoe adjustments, focused exercises, and targeted medical care. Your plan will be tailored to your diagnosis and goals. ### Self-Care and Rehabilitation - Activity changes: Reduce high-impact activities while symptoms settle - Ice and elevation for swelling or after activity as needed. Avoid prolonged direct skin contact. If you have diabetes with neuropathy or peripheral vascular disease, consult a clinician before icing. - Supportive footwear and, when appropriate, cushioned insoles or custom orthotics - Stretching tight calves and plantar fascia, plus strengthening foot and ankle stabilizers - Physical therapy to correct mechanics, restore mobility, and build resilience ### Medical Treatments - Medications such as anti-inflammatories, when appropriate - Cushioning pads or offloading for pressure points under the forefoot or heel - Immobilization or a walking boot for stress fractures or significant sprains - Image-guided corticosteroid injections for select conditions,s such as plantar fasciitis or a neuroma. They are typically reserved for cases that do not respond to conservative care and carry small risks, such as plantar fascia rupture or fat pad atrophy, so they should be used judiciously. - Surgery is considered when pain persists despite comprehensive nonoperative care, or when structural problems require correction ## Prevention Tips to Protect Your Feet - Wear supportive shoes that match your activity and replace them when worn - Increase training volume gradually and vary your activities - Warm up, stretch calves and hamstrings, and maintain ankle and foot strength - Use orthotics or padding if your provider recommends them for alignment or offloading - Address new pain early to prevent chronic irritation ## Getting Back on Your Feet If foot pain is limiting your day, we’re here to help you find the cause and create a clear plan forward. Schedule an exam with a Princeton Orthopaedic Associates specialist to start moving comfortably again. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Post Running Knee Pain: Causes, Relief, and Tips](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/post-running-knee-pain-causes-relief-and-tips/) **Published:** March 12, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Knee Pain After Running: Causes, Relief, and When to See a Specialist Knee pain after a run is common, whether you are new to running or building mileage. Below you will find the most frequent causes, how to tell what is driving your pain, simple steps to feel better, and when it is time to schedule an exam with our team at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/running-leg-poa.jpg "MotionBlurFitnessAndLegsOfPersonRunningOnBridge - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Quick Takeaways - The location of pain often points to the cause. Pain behind or around the kneecap is usually patellofemoral pain. Pain on the outside of the knee is often associated with iliotibial band irritation. Pain just below the kneecap can be patellar tendinopathy. - Training errors, poor mechanics, and worn shoes are common triggers. Hills, downhills, sudden increases in mileage, and slanted roads can exacerbate symptoms. - Early care focuses on reducing irritation, improving hip and leg strength, and adjusting running mechanics. - See a specialist if pain limits walking, if the knee locks or gives way, or if symptoms last more than one to two weeks despite rest. ## Where It Hurts Can Help Identify the Cause Use this guide to match your pain pattern with likely sources. An exam is the best way to confirm the diagnosis. Location of PainPossible CauseCommon TriggersFront of the knee or behind the kneecapPatellofemoral pain syndrome (runner’s knee)High-impact mileage, prior injuries, and age-related changesSprinting, jumping, high-load quad workIliotibial band syndromeDownhills, slanted roads, sudden mileage increasesOutside of the kneePatellar tendinopathyHills, stairs, prolonged sitting, weakness of the hips or quadsRepetitive kneeling, direct pressure, and overuseMeniscal irritation or tearTwisting, deep knee bends, uneven terrainStiffness and swelling after activityKnee osteoarthritisInside line of the knee or catching sensationWarmth or tenderness near the kneecapBursitisRepetitive kneeling, direct pressure, overuse## Why Knee Pain Flares With Running Running multiplies the force through your knees with every step. Small issues in strength, flexibility, or form can add up over thousands of strides. - Training load: Rapid changes in mileage or intensity do not allow tissues time to adapt. - Surface and terrain: Downhills and slanted roads increase stress on the kneecap and IT band. - Footwear: Worn-out shoes reduce shock absorption and support. - Strength and control: Weak hips and core allow the knee to collapse inward, which stresses the kneecap and outer knee. - Mobility: Tight quads, hamstrings, calves, or hip flexors change how the knee tracks and loads. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/knee-pain-poa.jpg "KneeInjuryRedMuscleAndManExerciseWithMedicalPain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What You Can Try Now These steps are safe for most runners and are intended to reduce irritation while protecting the knee. Start by reducing hard miles and hills, then gradually resume activity as comfort returns. If pain persists for more than a week despite rest, or if you notice swelling, catching, or weakness, consult a clinician promptly. ### Calm Irritation - Relative rest: Reduce mileage and hills until walking and daily activities are comfortable. - Apply ice for 15 to 20 minutes after activity to reduce soreness and swelling. - Use anti-inflammatory medication only if recommended by your doctor. ### Adjust Training - Shorten your stride and increase cadence by about 5 to 10 percent to reduce knee load. - Avoid downhills and slanted road shoulders until pain settles. - Use run-walk intervals and add mileage gradually, usually no more than 10 percent per week. - Cross-train with low-impact activities such as cycling, swimming, or the elliptical trainer. ### Strength and Mobility - Strengthen hips, glutes, and core to control knee position. - Build quad and hamstring strength with controlled, pain-free ranges. - Stretch quads, hamstrings, calves, and hip flexors to improve tracking. - Foam roll surrounding muscles such as quads, glutes, and the tensor fasciae latae near the hip. ### Footwear and Support - Replace running shoes regularly, often every 300 to 500 miles. - Choose shoes that match your foot type and training surfaces. - Consider orthotics if advised after an exam and gait assessment. ## Common Running-Related Knee Conditions These conditions often respond well to targeted rehab and training changes. ConditionWhat It IsHelpful StrategiesPatellofemoral painIrritation where the kneecap tracks over the femurHip and quad strengthening, taping or bracing, cadence work, hill modificationIliotibial band syndromeCompression/impingement of tissues over the lateral femoral epicondyle and adjacent fat pad (commonly referred to as IT band syndrome).Gradual loading, eccentric and isometric quad exercises, and manage jumping volumePatellar tendinopathyOverload of the tendon below the kneecapReduce twisting and deep knee bends, progressive strengthening, and imaging if persistentMeniscal irritationStress or tearing of shock-absorbing cartilageStrength, low-impact cardio, weight management, activity modificationKnee osteoarthritisWear of joint cartilage with age or prior injuryGradual loading, eccentric and isometric quad exercises, and managing jumping volume## When to Pause Running and See a Specialist - Severe pain, swelling, or inability to bear weight. - Knee catching, locking, or giving way. - Numbness or tingling in the legs. - Pain that interferes with sleep or daily activities. - Symptoms lasting longer than one to two weeks despite rest and activity changes. ## How We Diagnose Knee Pain - History and exam to pinpoint the irritated structures and movement patterns. - Gait and running form are reviewed as needed. - Imaging, such as X-rays or MRI, should be used only when findings suggest structural injury or if symptoms do not improve. ## Treatment Options at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Targeted physical therapy to restore strength, mobility, and control. - Training and form guidance, including cadence, stride, and hill management. - Taping or bracing for short-term support when appropriate. - Medications as directed to manage pain and inflammation. - Injections are not used for a kneecap tendon problem because steroids can weaken tendons and raise the chance of tearing. If they are clearly needed, image-guided injections may be used for joint arthritis or for certain bursitis near the tendon or IT band inflammation, as decided by your specialist. ## Returning to Running Safely - Start with pain-free walking, then use short run-walk intervals. - Increase total weekly running time gradually, often by 10 percent or less. - Run on level, predictable surfaces at first. Add hills later. - Perform strength training two to three days per week to maintain progress. - Use a simple pain rule: discomfort during a run should be mild and should settle within 24 hours. If it lingers or worsens, scale back. If knee pain is keeping you from the miles you love, we can help you identify the cause and build a clear plan back to comfortable running. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Building a Strong Posterior Chain: Relieving Back and knee pain.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/building-a-strong-posterior-chain-relieving-back-and-knee-pain/) **Published:** March 25, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Strengthen Your Posterior Chain to Move Better and Hurt Less A strong back line, called the posterior chain, helps you stand tall and move well. It may help protect your spine, and it supports everyday tasks like lifting, climbing stairs, and getting up from a chair. It covers what the posterior chain includes, why it matters for back and knee comfort, easy form cues, and safe exercises you can start today. We’ll also outline how often to train, common mistakes to avoid, and when it may be helpful to see a clinician at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates for personalized care and safer progress. ### Disclaimer ***Please note that these exercises are listed here as examples. You will absolutely need to consult with a qualified doctor, trainer, or medical professional to decide if this information is right for you. You can cause harm to yourself by doing exercises incorrectly or those that do not align with your body or desired outcomes. Please be careful!*** --- ### Quick highlights - The posterior chain includes the glutes, hamstrings, calves, and the muscles that support your spine. - Training these muscles improves posture, balance, and lifting mechanics while reducing strain on the knees and lower back. - Start with hip-hinge patterns and bodyweight exercises, then progress to resistance as control improves. ![Hip Hinge](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/shutterstock_2633022563.jpg "SportTraumaYoungArabMaleAthleteSufferingLowerBackPain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Is the Posterior Chain? The posterior chain runs along the back of the body and is made of muscles that help keep the spine steady and allow the hips to extend. These muscles work together with many daily activities, such as standing, walking, lifting, and climbing stairs, so keeping them strong can support good posture and ease movement. Keeping this area strong supports your posture and reduces strain during daily activities. - The gluteal muscles in the hips generate power and control hip alignment - Hamstrings are in the back of the thigh, which assist hip extension and bend the knee - Calves, which help you push off the ground and keep the ankle stable - Spinal and core stabilizers, which keep the trunk steady so the hips can do their job ## Why Building These Muscles Matters - Supports healthy posture and reduces stress on the lower back - Improves hip control to help reduce knees collapsing inward during squats, steps, or runs - Enhances balance and reduces the chance of slips during daily activities - Makes lifting, carrying, and stair climbing feel easier and safer ## Master the Hip Hinge First The hip hinge is the foundation of many posterior chain moves. Instead of bending your back, shift your hips back while keeping your spine in a comfortable neutral range so the glutes and hamstrings do the work. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/shutterstock_2484366895-1024x576.jpg "AnimationOfTheHamstringAndGluteusMuscles3dIllustration - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Hinge cues - Stand tall, unlock your knees, and keep your chest lifted - Push your hips back toward a wall while maintaining a comfortable neutral range in your spine - Feel a stretch in the hamstrings; stop before the back rounds - Drive through your heels and squeeze the glutes to return to standing Practice by lightly touching your hips to a wall behind you or sliding your palms down your thighs to learn the pattern. ## Posterior Chain Exercises You Can Start Today Choose 3 to 5 movements that feel comfortable and fit your body. Do each with slow, controlled reps and steady breathing. Focus on keeping good muscle control rather than rushing to finish. This careful approach helps you learn the pattern and build strength safely. ExerciseMain MusclesHow to Do ItRepsGlute BridgeGlutes, hamstringsLie on your back, knees bent, feet hip-width. Exhale and lift hips until shoulders, hips, and knees line up. Pause, then lower with control.8 to 12Hip Hinge to WallGlutes, hamstringsStand a foot from a wall. Push hips back to tap the wall while maintaining a comfortable neutral range in your spine, then stand tall.8 to 12Romanian Deadlift (light dumbbells)Glutes, hamstrings, back stabilizersHold weights by your thighs. Hinge at the hips with soft knees until you feel hamstring tension, then press through heels to stand.6 to 10Hamstring Curl (exercise ball or sliders)Hamstrings, glutesBridge hips, then bend knees to roll the ball or sliders toward you. Keep hips lifted and trunk steady.8 to 12Bird DogSpinal stabilizers, glutesOn hands and knees, brace your core. Reach opposite arm and leg long without arching the back. Pause, switch sides.6 to 10 each sideStep-upGlutes, calvesStand a foot from a wall. Push your hips back to tap the wall while maintaining a comfortable neutral spine, then stand tall.8 to 12 each side## How Often Should You Train? Most people benefit from training the posterior chain on nonconsecutive days so the muscles have time to rest and recover. Spacing workouts helps you keep good form and avoid overload. Consistent practice slowly builds strength and control while protecting your knees and back. LevelFrequencySets x RepsNotesBeginner2 days per week1 to 2 sets of 8 to 12 repsPrioritize form and slow tempo; stop a rep or two before fatigue changes your form.Intermediate2 to 3 days per week2 to 3 sets of 6 to 12 repsIncrease load gradually when all reps feel steady and controlled.## Common Mistakes to Avoid - Rounding or overextending your lower back during hinges and deadlifts - Letting knees collapse inward during squats, step-ups, or bridges - Moving too fast and using momentum instead of muscle control - Loading heavy before you can keep a neutral range and steady knee alignment ## Safety Tips - Warm up with 5 minutes of light cardio and dynamic movements like leg swings - Brace your midsection as if preparing for a gentle cough to protect the spine - Stop if you feel sharp pain, tingling, or symptoms traveling down a leg - Progress weight slowly and give your body at least 24 to 48 hours between sessions Safety note: Individuals with osteoporosis, acute low back or radicular pain, or recent postoperative status should consult a clinician before hip hinging or deadlifting. ## Who Benefits From Posterior Chain Training? - Desk workers looking to counteract long hours of sitting - Walkers, runners, and cyclists who want better hip control and stride efficiency - Parents and caregivers who lift and carry throughout the day - Adults seeking better balance and confidence with daily activities ## When to See an Orthopaedic Specialist If pain limits your daily activities, you’re unsure about your form, or you have had a recent injury, consider seeing an orthopaedic specialist. Getting advice early can help you avoid delays, keep your movement safe, and build strength steadily. A clinician can check your technique and tailor exercises to your needs. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we evaluate the way you move, identify which muscles need attention, and create a clear plan to reach your goals. If needed, we coordinate care with physical therapy to help you progress step by step. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Trigger Finger: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/trigger-finger-symptoms-causes-and-treatments/) **Published:** April 3, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Trigger Finger: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options ***Trigger finger, also called stenosing tenosynovitis, happens when a finger or thumb catches, clicks, or locks as you try to bend or straighten it.*** We explain why it occurs, the most common symptoms, how doctors diagnose it, and the treatment options that help you get back to comfortable hand use. If you feel a pop in your palm or need to use your other hand to straighten a finger, you are not alone. This condition is common, often treatable without surgery, and very responsive to early care. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Screenshot-2026-03-04-at-121438-PM.png "Screenshot 2026-03-04 at 121438 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Is Trigger Finger? Your flexor tendons glide through tunnels in the palm called pulleys. With trigger finger, the tendon lining and the A1 pulley at the base of the affected finger or thumb become irritated and thickened. That narrowing makes the tendon catch as it moves, which creates clicking or locking. - Medical term: stenosing tenosynovitis, which means a tight tendon tunnel that limits smooth motion. - Most often involves the ring finger, middle finger, or thumb, but any digit can be affected. - The problem sits at the palm-side base of the finger where the tendon first enters the sheath. ## Common Signs and Symptoms Most people notice symptoms gradually, developing over days or weeks rather than all at once. At first, you may feel stiffness when you wake up, which improves as you use your hand. You might also notice a dull ache at the base of the finger near the palm, and a tendency for the finger to catch or click as you move it. - Clicking, catching, or popping when bending or straightening the finger or thumb - Pain or tenderness at the base of the finger on the palm side - Stiffness, especially in the morning - A small, tender bump in the palm that moves with the finger - Locking in a bent position that may suddenly release or require the other hand to straighten ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/trigger-finger-poa.jpg "AsianMiddleAgedWomanSufferingFromTriggerFingerCpsOr - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Why Does Trigger Finger Happen? Several factors can irritate or swell the tendon and its sheath, which tightens the space the tendon needs to glide. - Repetitive gripping or tool use that stresses the palm - Inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis - Diabetes, which can affect tendon health and healing - Coexisting hand issues like carpal tunnel syndrome or De Quervain’s tendinopathy - A prior hand injury or local swelling around the tendon sheath ## How Trigger Finger Is Diagnosed Diagnosis relies on what you tell the clinician and a careful examination of the hand. The doctor checks for tenderness over the A1 pulley, watches how the finger moves, and may feel a small lump along the tendon. Imaging tests are not usually needed unless the exam is unclear. - Tenderness over the A1 pulley at the base of the affected digit - Clicking, catching, or locking is observed with active motion - A small, moving nodule in the tendon may be felt - Ultrasound can be used in select cases to assess the tendon sheath - Doctors differentiate trigger finger from conditions like Dupuytren’s contracture, which pulls the finger down but does not cause tendon catching ## Nonsurgical Treatment Options Many people improve without surgery, especially when care starts early. The goals are to calm irritation, help the tendon glide smoothly, and reduce stress on the pulley. You may change how you use your hand, rest the affected finger with a removable splint, and work with a therapist. In some cases, a corticosteroid injection helps reduce swelling and catching. - Activity changes: limit prolonged gripping, take breaks, and use tools with larger, cushioned handles - Splinting: a removable splint, often worn at night, can rest the tendon and reduce morning stiffness - Anti-inflammatory strategies: ice and over-the-counter medications as directed by your clinician - Hand therapy: guided stretching, gentle tendon gliding, and education on joint protection - Corticosteroid injection: a targeted injection into the tendon sheath can reduce swelling and catching. Possible side effects include temporary soreness, skin lightening or thinning near the site, and a short-term rise in blood sugar in people with diabetes. ### Helpful Daily Habits - Switch tasks or hands to limit repeated gripping - Use pens, kitchen tools, and garden tools with wider handles - Warm up the hand with a gentle motion before heavier use - Practice tendon-gliding exercises from your care team ### What To Avoid For Now - Forceful or prolonged squeezing, like heavy pruning or weight handles without padding - Repeating the same grip task without breaks - Sleeping with the finger curled tightly - Pushing through painful locking episodes ## Surgical Treatment When Needed If symptoms persist, the finger locks frequently, or injections and splinting do not help, surgery can be a good option. The procedure is called an A1 pulley release. The surgeon widens the tight opening at the base of the finger so the tendon can glide smoothly again. - Typically performed with local anesthesia as an outpatient - Open or percutaneous techniques are used based on your anatomy and the surgeon's preference - Finger motion usually begins the same day to limit stiffness - Expected recovery includes temporary tenderness in the palm and progressive return to daily tasks - Risks include infection, stiffness, scar tenderness, and nerve irritation, which are uncommon ## Choosing a Treatment Path Your care plan is tailored to how your hand feels, your medical history, and what you want to return to doing. The plan explains options from less invasive treatments to surgery and describes what to expect at different stages. You and your clinician work together to choose the best path for you. SituationFirst StepsIf Symptoms PersistMild clicking and morning stiffnessActivity changes, splinting, ice, hand therapyConsider corticosteroid injectionFrequent triggering that interferes with work or self-careCorticosteroid injection and targeted therapyDiscuss surgical releaseLocked finger or long-standing symptomsPrompt evaluation by a hand specialistSurgical release is often recommended ## Recovery and Returning to Activity After treatment, moving the hand in a steady, gentle way helps the tendon glide smoothly and reduces stiffness. Whether you had nonsurgical care or surgery, follow the recommended exercises and gradually return to daily tasks. Protect the palm from heavy pressure until it feels comfortable and strong again. - Follow your home exercise program and protect the palm from heavy pressure until it is comfortable - Ease back into gripping tasks with larger-handled tools and frequent rest breaks - Let your care team know if locking returns or if stiffness limits progress ## When To See a Hand Specialist Schedule an evaluation if any of the following apply: - Triggering lasts more than a few weeks or is getting worse - You need your other hand to unlock the finger - Pain or stiffness interferes with work, sports, or daily tasks - You have diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis, and the symptoms are persistent ## Care at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Princeton Orthopaedic Associates treats trigger finger with careful evaluation and a plan that fits your goals. The team offers nonoperative options first and uses precise surgical release when needed. If your finger catches, clicks, or locks, you can regain comfortable hand use. Call to schedule an appointment to begin. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [IT Band Syndrome: Outer Knee Pain and Treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/it-band-syndrome-outer-knee-pain-and-treatment/) **Published:** April 1, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Iliotibial Band Syndrome: Outer Knee Pain You Can Treat Iliotibial band syndrome, or more commonly called the IT Band, is a common source of aching on the outside of the knee or thigh. Below, you’ll learn what the iliotibial band is, why it gets irritated, how symptoms show up in daily life and sport, and the treatments that help you return to comfortable movement. Whether you run, cycle, walk for exercise, or spend long hours sitting, this condition can affect how your hip and knee work together. The good news is that most people improve with a plan that reduces irritation and restores strength and mobility around the hip and knee. --- ### Quick Facts - The iliotibial band, or IT band, is a strong band of connective tissue that runs from the outer hip to just below the knee. - Irritation develops where the band moves over the outer knee, often from repetitive bending and straightening of the leg. - People notice pain during runs, walks, stair use, or after sitting for a long time. - Weak or tight hip and thigh muscles, training errors, and unsupportive footwear commonly contribute. - Most cases improve without surgery through changes in activity, targeted strengthening, stretching, and physical therapy. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Screenshot-2026-03-04-at-122530-PM-1024x859.png "Screenshot 2026-03-04 at 122530 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Is the IT Band and IT Band Syndrome? The IT band is a thick, fibrous band that supports the outside of your thigh. It connects muscles near the hip to the shinbone and helps stabilize the knee during walking, running, and standing. Symptoms arise when tissues deep to the IT band (such as a fat pad or bursa) are compressed against the lateral femoral epicondyle during repetitive knee flexion and extension. This compression leads to irritation and pain on the outer knee, and may be felt higher up the thigh or into the hip. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/poa-it-band-syndrome-2026.jpg "CloseUpOfWomanRunnerSufferingFromIliotibialBandSyndrome - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Common Symptoms Symptoms often begin gradually and worsen with repetitive flexion and extension of the knee, such as during running, cycling, or climbing stairs. People commonly describe a mix of pain on the outer knee, tightness along the outside of the thigh, tenderness when the outer knee is touched, and discomfort that changes with movement. The pain can flare with activity but may ease with rest, and occasional stiffness after sitting is not required for the diagnosis. Symptoms often begin gradually and tend to worsen with repetitive activities. People describe: - Aching, burning, or sharp pain on the outer side of the knee - Tightness or pulling along the outside of the thigh - Discomfort with running, prolonged walking, or going down stairs - Tenderness when pressing on the outer knee - Occasional stiffness after sitting that may ease with gentle movement (more common in other knee conditions) - If you notice snapping at the outer hip, this may reflect a related but different condition (external snapping hip/greater trochanteric pain), not classic IT band syndrome at the knee ## Why It Happens IT band irritation usually stems from how the leg moves and how much load it is asked to handle. Multiple factors can combine to create friction near the outer knee. ### Everyday Contributors - Long periods of sitting that tighten the hips and thighs - Weak gluteal and hip stabilizer muscles - Standing or walking with the weight shifted to one side - Footwear that matches your needs may help some people; orthotics can be considered when alignment or support is an issue after a professional assessment - Repetitive daily movement without strength or mobility balance ### Athletic Contributors - Rapid increases in running or cycling volume or intensity - Downhill running or training on banked or sloped surfaces - Stride mechanics that stress the outer knee - Weakness in hip abductors and core stabilizers - Insufficient recovery between high-load sessions ## How IT Band Syndrome Is Diagnosed A sports medicine or orthopaedic clinician typically diagnoses IT band syndrome through your history and a focused exam. They’ll check tender areas along the outer knee and hip, assess hip and core strength, and look for tightness in surrounding muscles. Imaging is not always needed. X-rays or an MRI may be ordered when symptoms are atypical, severe, or to rule out other causes of outer knee pain such as arthritis, meniscus problems, or stress injuries. ## Treatment That Works Most people recover with a stepwise approach that calms irritation and corrects the movement issues that caused it. ### Reduce Pain and Calm Irritation - Modify or pause aggravating activities such as hills, speed work, or long runs and walks - Apply ice to the outer knee or thigh for 15 to 20 minutes as needed - Use anti-inflammatory medication if recommended by your doctor - Consider a brief period of cross-training that avoids repetitive knee bending ### Improve Mobility in Tight Areas - Gentle stretching for the hips, hip flexors, quadriceps, hamstrings, and the tensor fasciae latae near the outer hip - Directly stretching the IT band itself is limited by its dense structure; focus on the surrounding muscles - Soft tissue work or foam rolling for the glutes and thigh muscles to reduce tension - Avoid high-pressure foam rolling directly over the outer knee in the early painful phase; instead, target the hips, glutes, and thigh muscles - Gradual return to the full range of motion without provoking pain ### Strengthen and Retrain Movement - Targeted strengthening for gluteus medius and other hip stabilizers - Core and pelvic control exercises to support proper knee alignment - Gait or running form adjustments with guidance from a clinician or physical therapist - Footwear review, and orthotics when alignment or support is an issue after a professional assessment For persistent pain, a clinician may consider a carefully selected corticosteroid injection in the area of irritation (often image-guided). Injections should be used judiciously as part of a broader rehab plan. Surgery is rarely needed and is considered only when symptoms fail to improve after a thorough course of nonoperative care. ## Recovery Timeline Healing time varies based on how long symptoms have been present, training demands, and how consistently you follow your plan. These general ranges are common: StageTypical TimeframeWhat to ExpectEarlySeveral weeksPain reduces with activity changes, icing, and basic mobility work.Established1 to 3 monthsStrength and movement retraining restore tolerance for daily life and sport.Recurrent or ChronicLonger than 3 monthsMore comprehensive rehab and training plan adjustments are needed. ## Prevention Tips Prevention means keeping movement balanced and building strength around the hip and knee. A simple plan can help avoid flare-ups: gradually increase activity, vary routes, stretch key muscles, and choose footwear that fits your needs. Regular rest breaks and listening to your body are important to prevent irritation from returning. - Increase running or cycling volume gradually, especially after time off - Vary routes to avoid repeated downhill or sloped surfaces - Maintain hip and core strengthening year-round - Replace worn shoes and use footwear that matches your needs - Take movement breaks during long periods of sitting ## When to See a Specialist Schedule an evaluation if pain lasts more than a week, returns when you resume activity, or changes how you walk or run. Early guidance helps you recover faster and reduces the risk of the problem becoming chronic. ### Who Can Help SpecialtyBest ForNotes[Sports Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/)Activity-related knee and hip pain; nonoperative careFirst stop to confirm diagnosis and plan treatment[Physiatry](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/physiatrists/)Movement analysis and musculoskeletal painAddresses posture, gait, and functional limitations[Orthopaedic Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/)Persistent or complex casesCoordinates imaging or advanced options if needed[Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/physical-therapy/)Strength, flexibility, and gait retrainingGuides a graded return to activity and long-term prevention ## Get Back to Comfortable Movement IT band syndrome can interrupt training and make everyday tasks frustrating, but it is highly treatable. With the right mix of activity changes, targeted strengthening, mobility work, and expert guidance, you can ease pain and return to the activities you enjoy. **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Due to impending weather, all POA locations and appointments will be closed tomorrow, Monday, February 23rd.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/feb-23-2026-snow-announcement/) **Published:** February 22, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/poa-2026-closed.jpg "poa-2026-closed - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **![‼️](https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/tf8/2/16/203c.png) Due to impending weather, all POA locations and appointments will be closed tomorrow, Monday, February 23rd.** All appointments will be rescheduled, and we will keep you up to date as things progress! Thank you for understanding, and please be safe! \- The POA Team **Categories:** News --- ### [Call Center Representative](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/call-center-representative/) **Published:** February 19, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Job Title: Call Center Representative ## Work Type: Full-Time | Non-Exempt | On-Site Five Days ## Location: Princeton ## Salary Range: $17.50 - $24.00 per hour ## Practice Introduction: Princeton Orthopaedic Associates (POA), a division of OrthoNJ, is a Community of Extraordinary Care professionals serving Central New Jersey since 1974. With 28 physicians, including 18 Orthopaedic surgeons, across 7 office locations, urgent care centers, and surgical center, POA operates as an outcome-focused orthopaedic practice that combines extraordinary talent, advanced techniques, and cutting-edge tools with compassionate service. As part of New Jersey's largest independent orthopaedic group practice, POA physicians work collaboratively to provide personalized, patient-centered care while maintaining the values and autonomy of the private practice model. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is built on a foundation of compassion, patient focus, quality, collaboration, honesty, and excellence. We are a community where every team member- regardless of role- is expected to embody these values in their daily work, hold themselves and colleagues accountable to high standards, and speak up when behavior falls short of our expectations. We foster a culture of continuous improvement where feedback is welcomed, mistakes become learning opportunities, and successes are celebrated together. As a member of our team, you'll be expected to contribute ideas, mentor new colleagues, and actively participate in creating an environment where both patients and staff thrive. ## Job Description: Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is seeking a dedicated, empathetic, and enthusiastic Call Center Representative to join our team in the Call Center, where the goal is to provide exemplary service and a positive experience to every caller. The Call Center facilitates inbound calls from patients who wish to schedule appointments or have questions about their medical conditions. Ideal candidates will have knowledge of health insurance guidelines, medical terminology, strong communication skills, and be able coordinate urgent and non-urgent appointments utilizing different provider schedules. Team members must be able to work swiftly with high attention to detail and ensure customer satisfaction while maintaining a professional demeanor. ## Key Responsibilities: - Answering incoming calls; scheduling, rescheduling, and canceling patient appointments with the correct provider - Manage large amounts of inbound and outbound calls in a timely and friendly manner - Accurately and professionally collect patient demographic, insurance, and third-party information to ensure the patient's chart is accurate and up to date - Quickly identify patient needs, clarify information, and transfer patient calls to the right department - Work closely with billing team for insurance eligibility, and insurance referral requirements - Directing calls to the proper departments - Processing incoming electronic referrals and faxes - Display superior customer service skills and excellent verbal communication skills, and be able to handle a very fast-paced environment. - Ability to exhibit cooperation, flexibility, and provide assistance when interfacing with physicians, management, staff, and patients - Collaborate and develop strong professional relationships with team members - Additional duties as assigned by the supervisor or manager to meet department needs ## Required Skills/Abilities: - Must be able to work the hours needed, including occasional Saturday and Sunday hours - Ability to communicate effectively on the telephone - Ability to handle a "call center" environment: work quickly and multi-task - Ability to handle confidential and sensitive information - Ability to exercise good telephone manners to handle calls appropriately and professionally - Ability to demonstrate compassion and sensitivity to caller - Ability to work in a team-oriented environment - Very familiar with computer functions and programs - Ability to type quickly and accurately while speaking on the phone ## Experience / Qualifications: - High school diploma or equivalent - Will only be considered if have previous call center and orthopaedic/medical experience - Excellent communication and interpersonal skills - Strong attention to detail and ability to multitask in a fast-paced environment ## Compensation & Benefits: OrthoNJ, LLC is required by New Jersey law to disclose the compensation range for this position. The hiring range for this role is $17.50-$24.00 per hour. Compensation is determined based on several factors, including but not limited to the candidate’s qualifications, relevant experience, and geographic location. Certain roles may also be eligible for additional compensation, such as bonuses or incentive pay, as well as benefits. Eligible full-time employees are offered a comprehensive benefits package, which may include paid time off, medical, dental, vision, and a retirement plan. ## Full Time Benefits Summary: - Medical Insurance - Dental, Vision, Life Insurance (Voluntary Options) - Paid Time Off, Paid Holiday Time - Flexible Spending Accounts - 401k/matching contribution ## EEO Disclosure: POA is an equal opportunity employer. POA, as a member organization of OrthoNJ, is strongly committed to creating and preserving equal opportunity for all employees and applicants. We make all employment decisions - including recruitment, hiring, compensation, training, promotion, transfer, discipline, dismissal from employment, and other personnel matters - without regard to actual or perceived race, color, ancestry, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, protected veteran status, marital status, sexual orientation, genetic information, citizenship, gender identity and expression, parental status, or other legally protected characteristics or conduct. **Categories:** POA Careers **Tags:** Careers, Jobs --- ### [Accounting Associate](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/accounting-associate/) **Published:** February 19, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Job Title: Accounting Associate ## Work Type: Full-Time | Exempt ## Location: Princeton, NJ | On-Site Five Days ## Reports to: Accounting Manager ## Salary Range: $60,000K - $75,000K ## Practice Introduction: Princeton Orthopaedic Associates (POA), a division of OrthoNJ, is a Community of Extraordinary Care professionals serving Central New Jersey since 1974. With 28 physicians, including 18 Orthopaedic surgeons, across 7 office locations, urgent care centers, and surgical center, POA operates as an outcome-focused orthopaedic practice that combines extraordinary talent, advanced techniques, and cutting-edge tools with compassionate service. As part of New Jersey's largest independent orthopaedic group practice, POA physicians work collaboratively to provide personalized, patient-centered care while maintaining the values and autonomy of the private practice model. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is built on a foundation of compassion, patient focus, quality, collaboration, honesty, and excellence. We are a community where every team member- regardless of role- is expected to embody these values in their daily work, hold themselves and colleagues accountable to high standards, and speak up when behavior falls short of our expectations. We foster a culture of continuous improvement where feedback is welcomed, mistakes become learning opportunities, and successes are celebrated together. As a member of our team, you'll be expected to contribute ideas, mentor new colleagues, and actively participate in creating an environment where both patients and staff thrive. ## Job Description: The Accounting Associate will perform a variety of business office functions including accounts payable management and backup to onboarding and payroll processing. This position supports ongoing process improvements for all bookkeeping activities and helps support and communicates standards for purchasing and contract maintenance. ## Responsibilities: - Review and process approved invoices for payment - Enter and classify invoices to the correct general ledger account and location/department - Reconcile vendor statements - Monitor and resolve all account payable issues - Develop and maintain professional relationships with vendors - Collect, prepare and process payroll for the organization (approximately 300 employees/partners) - Audit data in payroll system/troubleshoot errors - Point person for payroll related inquiries & issues - Educate employees on payroll policies and procedures - Additional payroll, HR related and AP functions as needed ## Experience/ Qualifications: - Minimum 3 years accounts payable and payroll processing experience; at least 1 year with medium to large corporation - Proficient in Quickbooks and Microsoft Office Suite ## Critical Competencies: - Ability to meet time sensitive deadlines and handle confidential information in a discreet, professional manner - Superior troubleshooting and organizational skill - Excellent attention to detail, verbal and written communication skills - Ability to be an effective team member and display initiative ## Education/Certification: Bachelor’s Degree (preferred) ## Compensation & Benefits: OrthoNJ, LLC is required by New Jersey law to disclose the compensation range for this position. The hiring range for this role is $60,000 – $75,000 annually. Compensation is determined based on several factors, including but not limited to the candidate’s qualifications, relevant experience, and geographic location. Certain roles may also be eligible for additional compensation, such as bonuses or incentive pay, as well as benefits. Eligible full-time employees are offered a comprehensive benefits package, which may include paid time off, medical, dental, vision, and a retirement plan. ## Full Time Benefits Summary: - Medical Insurance - Dental, Vision, Life Insurance (Voluntary Options) - Paid Time Off, Paid Holiday Time - Flexible Spending Accounts - 401k/matching contribution ## EEO Disclosure: POA is an equal opportunity employer POA, as a member organization of OrthoNJ, is strongly committed to creating and preserving equal opportunity for all employees and applicants. We make all employment decisions – including recruitment, hiring, compensation, training, promotion, transfer, discipline, dismissal from employment, and other personnel matters – without regard to actual or perceived race, color, ancestry, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, protected veteran status, marital status, sexual orientation, genetic information, citizenship, gender identity and expression, parental status, or other legally protected characteristics or conduct. **THIS POSITION IS ONSITE WITH NO REMOTE OPTION. CANDIDATES MUST BE ABLE TO COMMUTE TO PRINCETON, NJ.** **Categories:** POA Careers **Tags:** Careers, Jobs --- ### [Medical Assistant](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/medical-assistant/) **Published:** February 19, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Job Title: Medical Assistant ## Work Type: Full-Time | Non-Exempt | On-Site Five Days ## Salary Range: $17.00 - $26.50 per hour ## Practice Introduction: Princeton Orthopaedic Associates (POA), a division of OrthoNJ, is a Community of Extraordinary Care professionals serving Central New Jersey since 1974. With 28 physicians, including 18 Orthopaedic surgeons, across 7 office locations, urgent care centers, and surgical center, POA operates as an outcome-focused orthopaedic practice that combines extraordinary talent, advanced techniques, and cutting-edge tools with compassionate service. As part of New Jersey's largest independent orthopaedic group practice, POA physicians work collaboratively to provide personalized, patient-centered care while maintaining the values and autonomy of the private practice model. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is built on a foundation of compassion, patient focus, quality, collaboration, honesty, and excellence. We are a community where every team member- regardless of role- is expected to embody these values in their daily work, hold themselves and colleagues accountable to high standards, and speak up when behavior falls short of our expectations. We foster a culture of continuous improvement where feedback is welcomed, mistakes become learning opportunities, and successes are celebrated together. As a member of our team, you'll be expected to contribute ideas, mentor new colleagues, and actively participate in creating an environment where both patients and staff thrive. ## Job Description: Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is seeking a dedicated and skilled Medical Assistant to join our growing team. You'll be crucial in delivering top-notch patient care and supporting our healthcare professionals. We're looking for someone with a strong grasp of medical terminology, excellent patient service skills, and a solid background in clinical procedures, all aimed at providing extraordinary care. ## Key Responsibilities: - Greeting patients, showing them to the exam room, collecting patient medical history, and preparing patients for examinations - Prepare and maintain examination rooms, ensuring they are clean and well-stocked with necessary supplies - Assist healthcare providers with patient examinations and procedures - Cleaning equipment, exam rooms, cast rooms, draw stations, unboxing and restocking supplies - Casting, splinting, and dispensing DME - Coordinating communication between patients, family members, medical staff, administrative staff, insurance plans, and other departments - Managing patient care flow and assisting with monitoring message pools - Monitoring their own workflow independently to meet the requirements of their position at a level of expertise that requires minimal supervision - Explaining policies, procedures, or services to patients using clinical or administrative knowledge - Addressing patient, physician, and staff concerns and resolving problems accordingly - Providing assistance and directing patient inquiries or complaints to appropriate medical staff members and follow up to ensure satisfactory resolution ## Required Skills/Abilities: - Strong communication skills for liaising with patients and internal teams. - Ability to multitask to help manage the flow of patients. - Ability to maintain a clean and organized area for patients. - Proficient in medical terminology with a focus on musculoskeletal anatomy. ## Experience / Qualifications: - High school diploma or equivalent - Completion of a Medical Assistant program or relevant certification preferred - Experience with casting and splinting preferred - Excellent communication and interpersonal skills - Strong attention to detail and organizational abilities - Familiarity with electronic health record systems - Ability to maintain a flexible schedule - Ability to travel between offices within a defined geographic area - Strong attention to detail and ability to multitask in a fast-paced environment ## Compensation & Benefits: OrthoNJ, LLC is required by New Jersey law to disclose the compensation range for this position. The hiring range for this role is $17.00-$26.50 per hour. Compensation is determined based on several factors, including but not limited to the candidate’s qualifications, relevant experience, and geographic location. Certain roles may also be eligible for additional compensation, such as bonuses or incentive pay, as well as benefits. Eligible full-time employees are offered a comprehensive benefits package, which may include paid time off, medical, dental, vision, and a retirement plan. ## Full Time Benefits Summary: - Medical Insurance - Dental, Vision, Life Insurance (Voluntary Options) - Paid Time Off, Paid Holiday Time - Flexible Spending Accounts - 401k/matching contribution ## EEO Disclosure: POA is an equal opportunity employer. POA, as a member organization of OrthoNJ, is strongly committed to creating and preserving equal opportunity for all employees and applicants. We make all employment decisions - including recruitment, hiring, compensation, training, promotion, transfer, discipline, dismissal from employment, and other personnel matters - without regard to actual or perceived race, color, ancestry, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, protected veteran status, marital status, sexual orientation, genetic information, citizenship, gender identity and expression, parental status, or other legally protected characteristics or conduct. **Categories:** POA Careers **Tags:** Careers, Jobs --- ### [PT Aide](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/pt-aide/) **Published:** February 19, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Job Title: PT Aide ## Work Type: Full-Time | Non-Exempt | On-Site Five Days ## Salary Range: $16.00 - $20.50 per hour ## Practice Introduction: Princeton Orthopaedic Associates (POA), a division of OrthoNJ, is a Community of Extraordinary Care professionals serving Central New Jersey since 1974. With 28 physicians, including 18 Orthopaedic surgeons, across 7 office locations, urgent care centers, and a surgical center, POA operates as an outcome-focused orthopaedic practice that combines extraordinary talent, advanced techniques, and cutting-edge tools with compassionate service. As part of New Jersey's largest independent orthopaedic group practice, POA physicians work collaboratively to provide personalized, patient-centered care while maintaining the values and autonomy of the private practice model. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is built on a foundation of compassion, patient focus, quality, collaboration, honesty, and excellence. We are a community where every team member- regardless of role- is expected to embody these values in their daily work, hold themselves and colleagues accountable to high standards, and speak up when behavior falls short of our expectations. We foster a culture of continuous improvement where feedback is welcomed, mistakes become learning opportunities, and successes are celebrated together. As a member of our team, you'll be expected to contribute ideas, mentor new colleagues, and actively participate in creating an environment where both patients and staff thrive. ## Job Description: Are you passionate about patient care? We are hiring full-time Physical Therapy Aides to join our growing team across our Princeton, Ewing, Monroe, and Hillsborough locations. This role is fundamental to supporting our physical therapists, occupational therapists, and physical therapy assistants in providing exceptional care. You'll enjoy a positive and collaborative work environment while ensuring our patient care areas remain neat, clean, and safe. If you're eager to contribute to a high-quality healthcare setting, we want to hear from you! ## Key Responsibilities: - Setting up therapy equipment and cleaning treatment areas for appointments. - Wash and restock towels and linens for the treatment areas prior to the patient appointments. - Preparing and administering hot/cold packs as directed by PT, OT, or PTA. - Maintaining cleanliness of therapy area and equipment. - Assist patients move to or from a therapy area. - Assist patients with the treatment equipment. - Assist PTs, OTs, and PTAs as directed; work under the direct supervision of a PT, OT, or PTA. ## Required Skills/Abilities: - Strong communication skills for liaising with patients and internal teams. - Ability to assist with transfers (moving a patient from a chair to table or gait training). - Ability to multitask to help manage the flow. - Proficiency in setting up equipment for the PT’s and OT’s. - Ability to maintain a clean and organized area for patients. - Basic understanding of medical/PT terminology. ## Experience / Qualifications: - Previous experience is preferred. - Excellent patient service skills with the ability to provide compassionate care. - Ability to follow instructions and work collaboratively as part of a team. - Active listening and great communication skills. - Attention to detail. - Organizational skills. - Professional and friendly. - Ability to travel to different offices if needed. ## Compensation & Benefits: OrthoNJ, LLC is required by New Jersey law to disclose the compensation range for this position. The hiring range for this role is $16.00-$20.50 per hour. Compensation is determined based on several factors, including but not limited to the candidate’s qualifications, relevant experience, and geographic location. Certain roles may also be eligible for additional compensation, such as bonuses or incentive pay, as well as benefits. Eligible full-time employees are offered a comprehensive benefits package, which may include paid time off, medical, dental, vision, and a retirement plan. ## Full Time Benefits Summary: - Medical Insurance - Dental, Vision, Life Insurance (Voluntary Options) - Paid Time Off, Paid Holiday Time - Flexible Spending Accounts - 401k/matching contribution ## EEO Disclosure: POA is an equal opportunity employer. POA, as a member organization of OrthoNJ, is strongly committed to creating and preserving equal opportunity for all employees and applicants. We make all employment decisions - including recruitment, hiring, compensation, training, promotion, transfer, discipline, dismissal from employment, and other personnel matters - without regard to actual or perceived race, color, ancestry, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, protected veteran status, marital status, sexual orientation, genetic information, citizenship, gender identity and expression, parental status, or other legally protected characteristics or conduct. **Categories:** POA Careers **Tags:** Careers, Jobs --- ### [February 2026: Pre-Certification Coordinator](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/february-2026-medical-billing-specialist/) **Published:** February 19, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Job Title: Pre-Certification Coordinator ## Work Type: Full-Time | Non-Exempt | On-Site Five Days ## Salary Range: $20.00 - $28.00 per hour ## Practice Introduction: Princeton Orthopaedic Associates (POA), a division of OrthoNJ, is a Community of Extraordinary Care professionals serving Central New Jersey since 1974. With 28 physicians, including 18 Orthopaedic surgeons, across 7 office locations, urgent care centers, and a surgical center, POA operates as an outcome-focused orthopaedic practice that combines extraordinary talent, advanced techniques, and cutting-edge tools with compassionate service. As part of New Jersey's largest independent orthopaedic group practice, POA physicians work collaboratively to provide personalized, patient-centered care while maintaining the values and autonomy of the private practice model. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is built on a foundation of compassion, patient focus, quality, collaboration, honesty, and excellence. We are a community where every team member- regardless of role- is expected to embody these values in their daily work, hold themselves and colleagues accountable to high standards, and speak up when behavior falls short of our expectations. We foster a culture of continuous improvement where feedback is welcomed, mistakes become learning opportunities, and successes are celebrated together. As a member of our team, you'll be expected to contribute ideas, mentor new colleagues, and actively participate in creating an environment where both patients and staff thrive. ## Job Description: Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is seeking an experienced Pre-Certification Coordinator. As a Pre-Certification Coordinator, you will be responsible for authorizing upcoming MRI’s and CT’s. You will have the opportunity to build and maintain a positive working relationship with our referring offices, patients, and clinical staff. To be successful, you must have a strong ability to multi-task, a strict sense of urgency, be technically savvy, service-oriented, communicate effectively, and consistently display a professional demeanor. ## Key Responsibilities: - Must be organized and able to work in a fast paced, high-volume environment with excellent follow-through - General understanding of the organization, functions, policies and procedures of the department, and the inter-relationship with insurance carriers and MRI/CT scan providers - Obtain pre-certifications and pre-determinations for upcoming surgeries - Request treatment records, as needed, for use in pre-service insurance reviews - Maintain ongoing communication for the efficient clinic operations - Handle messages from internal colleagues, vendors, and patients - Ability to work independently and in a team environment - Ability to multi-task while producing accurate work - Knowledge of medical terminology and familiarity with HIPAA regulations to ensure patient confidentiality - Ability to navigate electronic medical record systems efficiently - Assist with miscellaneous tasks and projects, as needed - Ability to work well with others and collaborate across the organization to achieve goals ## Required Skills/Abilities: - Knowledge of medical office best practices - Excellent interpersonal, verbal and written communication skills with an advanced ability to communicate professionally and effectively with physicians and administrative staff and patients - Flexible, personable, extremely organized and detail-oriented individual with the ability to interface with a heavy patient volume - Ability to handle stressed patients with patience and clarity - High accuracy in data entry to prevent delays or denials - Excellent interpersonal and customer service skills - Excellent organizational skills and attention to detail - Excellent time management skills with a proven ability to meet deadlines - Proficient with Microsoft Office Suite or related software - Proficiency in medical EMR systems ## Experience / Qualifications: - At least 1-2 years of previous experience is required (orthopaedics preferred) - Proficiency in using Microsoft Office Suite and phone systems is essential - Experience with health information, worker’s comp, motor vehicles, and customer service will be beneficial ## Compensation & Benefits: OrthoNJ, LLC is required by New Jersey law to disclose the compensation range for this position. The hiring range for this role is $20.00-$28.00 per hour. Compensation is determined based on several factors, including but not limited to the candidate’s qualifications, relevant experience, and geographic location. Certain roles may also be eligible for additional compensation, such as bonuses or incentive pay, as well as benefits. Eligible full-time employees are offered a comprehensive benefits package, which may include paid time off, medical, dental, vision, and a retirement plan. ## Full Time Benefits Summary: - Medical Insurance - Dental, Vision, Life Insurance (Voluntary Options) - Paid Time Off, Paid Holiday Time - Flexible Spending Accounts - 401k/matching contribution ## EEO Disclosure: POA is an equal opportunity employer. POA, as a member organization of OrthoNJ, is strongly committed to creating and preserving equal opportunity for all employees and applicants. We make all employment decisions - including recruitment, hiring, compensation, training, promotion, transfer, discipline, dismissal from employment, and other personnel matters - without regard to actual or perceived race, color, ancestry, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, protected veteran status, marital status, sexual orientation, genetic information, citizenship, gender identity and expression, parental status, or other legally protected characteristics or conduct. **Categories:** POA Careers **Tags:** Careers, Jobs --- ### [Workers' Compensation and Motor Vehicle Scheduling/Support Specialist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/workers-compensation-and-motor-vehicle-scheduling-support-specialist/) **Published:** February 19, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Job Title: Workers' Compensation and Motor Vehicle Scheduling/Support Specialist ## Work Type: Full-Time | Non-Exempt | On-Site Five Days ## Salary Range: $18.00 - $29.00 per hour ## Practice Introduction: Princeton Orthopaedic Associates (POA), a division of OrthoNJ, is a Community of Extraordinary Care professionals serving Central New Jersey since 1974. With 28 physicians, including 18 Orthopaedic surgeons, across 7 office locations, urgent care centers, and surgical center, POA operates as an outcome-focused orthopaedic practice that combines extraordinary talent, advanced techniques, and cutting-edge tools with compassionate service. As part of New Jersey's largest independent orthopaedic group practice, POA physicians work collaboratively to provide personalized, patient-centered care while maintaining the values and autonomy of the private practice model. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is built on a foundation of compassion, patient focus, quality, collaboration, honesty, and excellence. We are a community where every team member- regardless of role- is expected to embody these values in their daily work, hold themselves and colleagues accountable to high standards, and speak up when behavior falls short of our expectations. We foster a culture of continuous improvement where feedback is welcomed, mistakes become learning opportunities, and successes are celebrated together. As a member of our team, you'll be expected to contribute ideas, mentor new colleagues, and actively participate in creating an environment where both patients and staff thrive. ## Job Description: We are seeking a detail-oriented and organized Workers' Compensation and Motor Vehicle Scheduling/Support Specialist to join our growing team. The ideal candidate will play a crucial role in managing appointments and ensuring efficient patient flow for our workers' compensation and motor vehicle accident patients. This position requires strong communication skills, proficiency in various electronic medical record (EMR) systems, and a solid understanding of medical terminology and coding. The Workers Compensation and Motor Vehicle Scheduling/Support Specialist will be responsible for coordinating medical appointments, verifying insurance, and providing exceptional patient service for workers' compensation and motor vehicle accident (MVA) patients. This role is essential for ensuring timely care and proper documentation throughout the claims process. ## Key Responsibilities: - Manage and coordinate patient appointments using EMR system; initial consultations, follow-up visits, diagnostic tests, and specialized treatments for patients with work-related or MVA injuries - Complete registration process for all new workers' comp and MVA patients - Verify insurance eligibility and benefits for patients prior to appointments - Ensure accurate documentation review and maintain compliance with HIPAA regulations - Utilize CPT and ICD coding for billing purposes while ensuring accuracy in medical records - Provide clerical support, including filing, typing, and managing multi-line phone systems - Assist with patient intake processes and maintain health information management standards - Answer patient calls and emails, addressing questions about upcoming appointments, case status, and required documentation - Assist with the completion of claim forms and ensure the timely submission of documentation to insurers - Collaborate with medical staff to develop care plans and ensure seamless patient service - Juggle and prioritize multiple schedules for different healthcare providers and patients, resolving any conflicts that may arise ## Required Skills/Abilities: - Attention to detail to ensure accuracy in invoicing and protect company revenue. - Strong communication skills for liaising with clients and internal teams, and resolving issues promptly. - Proficiency in Excel and other software tools for daily data management and report generation. - Organizational skills to maintain accurate records and ensure compliance with billing procedures. ## Experience / Qualifications: - Previous experience (at least one to two years) in a medical office or clinic setting is preferred; orthopaedic, workers' compensation, or MVA experience is a plus - Familiarity with EMR systems - Knowledge of medical terminology, ICD-9/ICD-10 coding, CPT coding, and insurance verification processes - Strong computer skills, including proficiency in Microsoft Office applications - Excellent organizational skills with the ability to multitask in a fast-paced environment - Demonstrated customer service skills with an emphasis on patient care and satisfaction - Ability to work collaboratively within a team while also being self-motivated ## Compensation & Benefits: OrthoNJ, LLC is required by New Jersey law to disclose the compensation range for this position. The hiring range for this role is $18.00-$29.00 per hour. Compensation is determined based on several factors, including but not limited to the candidate’s qualifications, relevant experience, and geographic location. Certain roles may also be eligible for additional compensation, such as bonuses or incentive pay, as well as benefits. Eligible full-time employees are offered a comprehensive benefits package, which may include paid time off, medical, dental, vision, and a retirement plan. ## Full-Time Benefits Summary: - Medical Insurance - Dental, Vision, Life Insurance (Voluntary Options) - Paid Time Off, Paid Holiday Time - Flexible Spending Accounts - 401k/matching contribution ## EEO Disclosure: POA is an equal opportunity employer. POA, as a member organization of OrthoNJ, is strongly committed to creating and preserving equal opportunity for all employees and applicants. We make all employment decisions - including recruitment, hiring, compensation, training, promotion, transfer, discipline, dismissal from employment, and other personnel matters - without regard to actual or perceived race, color, ancestry, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, protected veteran status, marital status, sexual orientation, genetic information, citizenship, gender identity and expression, parental status, or other legally protected characteristics or conduct. **Categories:** POA Careers **Tags:** Careers, Jobs --- ### [February 2026: POA Hiring a Front Desk Concierge](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/january-2025-poa-hiring-a-front-desk-concierge/) **Published:** February 19, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Come Join Our Team! ## Thrive in a Supportive Orthopaedic Environment, all while making a difference in our patient's lives! **Princeton Orthopaedic Associates** is seeking a full-time **Front Desk Concierge** to become a part of our growing team. The candidate should be able to perform all related clerical and administrative functions according to current practices and established procedures, while striving to be the best part of the patient’s day. The candidate will represent the practice in a professional, upbeat, customer-focused manner with an emphasis on service excellence. ## **Duties and Responsibilities include but are not limited to:** - Greet patients and visitors in a friendly and timely manner. - Verifies patient information and accurately updates demographics and insurance information; confirms purpose of visit, obtains reports or x-rays performed at other facilities. - Collect the co-pays and balances from the patients. - Coordinate referrals as needed. - Collaborate with medical staff to ensure smooth operations of the front desk area. - Schedule future appointments for patients. Keeps patient appointments on schedule by notifying provider of patient's arrival or of any delays with the patient. - Contribute to team effort by accomplishing related results as needed. ## **Requirements:** - Previous experience in a medical office front desk role is preferred. - Strong organizational skills with attention to detail; great at multi-tasking. - Possesses strong interpersonal, oral, and written communication skills with excellent self-discipline and patience. - Able to work independently and in a team environment. - Ability to travel to different offices if needed. - Must be able to work the hours needed, including occasional Saturday hours. ## Salary Salary is based on skills, experience, and productivity. At least 2 years of experience is strongly preferred. ## Job Type: Full-time or Part-Time ## To Apply: To apply please email the following to : - Current Resume - Cover Letter - If you're applying for full-time or part-time - Salary Requirements **Categories:** POA Careers **Tags:** Careers, Jobs --- ### [February 2026: Certified Orthopaedic Physician Assitant](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/december-2025-certified-orthopaedic-physician-assitant/) **Published:** February 18, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ## Come Join Our Team! ## Thrive in a Supportive Orthopaedic Environment, all while making a difference in our patients' lives! **Princeton Orthopaedic Associates** is seeking a dedicated and skilled **Certified Orthopaedic Physician Assistant** to join our dynamic healthcare team. The ideal candidate is caring, flexible, adaptable, dependable, and treats each member of the team, whether clinical or non-clinical, as a valued part of the team. This position offers the opportunity to work with an orthopaedic surgeon specializing in shoulder care. Our expert surgeons and PAs work collaboratively to provide outstanding quality to our operative and non-operative patients. Join us in making a difference in the lives of our patients while advancing your career as a Physician Assistant. Your expertise will play a vital role in delivering exceptional healthcare services. ## **Duties and Responsibilities include but are not limited to:** - Patient care evaluation and treatment in clinic. - Shared call and hospital rounding. - Assist Orthopaedic Surgeon in OR. - Perform a variety of clinical duties under the supervision of the orthopedic surgeon. - Seeing patients in the office setting and coordinating the patient care pathway. - Evaluation of orthopedic diagnoses. - Able to travel in between the different offices. ## **Requirements:** - A strong background in orthopaedic shoulder care is preferred. - Must be caring, flexible, adaptable, and dependable. - Ability to work collaboratively with expert surgeons to provide outstanding quality to operative and non-operative patients. - Treats each member of the team, whether clinical or non-clinical, as a valued part of the team. ## Salary $47.00 - $79.00 per hour Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, a division of OrthoNJ, LLC, is required by New Jersey law to include the pay range for this role. The pay range for this role is typically determined by several factors, including the geography in which the selected candidate will be working, and alignment with qualifications and experience. Certain roles may also be eligible for additional compensation (bonus, etc) and/or benefits. ## Benefits: - 401(k) - Dental insurance - Flexible spending account - Health insurance - Health savings account - Life insurance - Paid time off - Vision insurance ## Job Type: Full-time (In person) ## To Apply: To apply please email the following to : - Current Resume - Cover Letter - Salary Requirements **Categories:** POA Careers **Tags:** Careers, Jobs --- ### [Spotlight: Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Hillsborough Township location!](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/spotlight-princeton-orthopaedic-associates-hillsborough-township-location-2026/) **Published:** February 10, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Excerpt:** Our commitment to excellence extends directly to patients living in Hillsborough Township. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is a specialized group of Board-Certified Surgeons and world-recognized orthopaedic surgeons and care providers dedicated to serving you. **Content:** ![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0009](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0009-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0009 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")***Our commitment to excellence extends directly to patients living in Hillsborough Township. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is a specialized group of Board-Certified Surgeons and world-recognized orthopaedic surgeons and care providers dedicated to serving you.*** Our Hillsborough Township Orthopaedic office will help serve the communities of Bridgewater, Somerset, Flemington, Piscataway, Edison, Hunterdon, New Brunswick, Mechanicsville, and all surrounding Hillsborough Township areas with world-class Orthopaedic Care **Hillsborough's office hours are:** - **Monday**: 8am - 5pm - **Tuesday**: 8am -5pm - **Wednesday**: 8am - 5pm - **Thursday**: 8am - 5pm - **Friday**: 8am -5pm - **Saturday**: CLOSED ***Appointments are available by appointment. To schedule an appointment, please call [(609) 924-8131](tel:+16099248131)*** ## POA Hillsborough Township office is located at: **Princeton Orthopaedic Associates** Hillsborough Orthopaedic Office 315 US Highway 206, Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 ***\*It’s at the corner of Route 206 and Falcon Road.*** We know that close-to-home orthopaedic care is a significant part of POA's service in New Jersey and a vital component of our patients' lives and recovery, which is why we are proud to offer local expertise to the Hillsborough Township community. ## Hillsborough, New Jersey Physical Therapy Our state-of-the-art Physical Therapy facility at the Hillsborough Orthopaedic Office is dedicated exclusively to helping patients recover stronger, move better, and return confidently to the activities they love. Staffed by highly trained, licensed physical therapists, our modern rehabilitation space features advanced therapeutic equipment and evidence-based treatment techniques tailored to each individual’s recovery goals. Whether recovering from surgery, healing from an injury, or managing a chronic condition, patients receive personalized, hands-on care in a professional and supportive environment. Conveniently located in Hillsborough Township, our PT facility provides seamless, close-to-home rehabilitation focused entirely on restoring mobility, strength, and overall function. ![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0009](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0009-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0009 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0005a](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0005A-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0005a - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0009a](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0009A-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0009a - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0081](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0081-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0081 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0092](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0092-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0092 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0180](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0180-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0180 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0021](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0021-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0021 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0035](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0035-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0035 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0048](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0048-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0048 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0062](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0062-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0062 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0101](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0101-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0101 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0113](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0113-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0113 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0138](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0138-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0138 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0155](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0155-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0155 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0169](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/20230501_Scozzari_PrincetonOrtho_0169-1024x768.jpg "20230501 scozzari princetonortho 0169 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Serving communities like Hillsborough Township with extraordinary orthopaedic care is one of our core values. We live in the community, so serving our [community](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/testimonials/) is part of our DNA. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is committed to providing excellence to every patient we see. We do this with extraordinary [talent](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/), tools, and [techniques](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/). Our patients deserve the very best, and we constantly strive to exceed expectations and give excellent outcomes. ## Book An Appointment - Hillsborough Phone This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Name(Required) First Last Email(Required) Phone Preferred Day(Required)MondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridayNo Preference Preferred Time Of Day(Required) Morning (8-12 pm) Afternoon (12-5 pm) No Preferrence Area Of Concern(Required)CartilageFoot & AnkleHand & WristHipJoint ReplacementKneeNon-OperativePhysiatryPhysical TherapyPodiatryShoulderSpineSports MedicineTraumaUrgent CareDiagnostic & Nonsurgical Additional Comments CAPTCHA This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google [Privacy Policy](https://policies.google.com/privacy) and [Terms of Service](https://policies.google.com/terms) apply. **Categories:** News --- ### [Sciatica Stretches to Gently Ease Nerve Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-stretches-to-gently-ease-nerve-pain/) **Published:** February 4, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Sciatica Stretches That Gently Ease Nerve Pain Pain that starts in the lower back or buttocks and travels down one leg is often linked to irritation or pressure on the sciatic nerve. Gentle stretching can help ease tight muscles, calm nerve sensitivity, and support a gradual return to everyday activities. These stretches are designed to be gentle and accessible. Move slowly, stay within a comfortable range of motion, and focus on steady breathing. If any movement increases pain, tingling, or numbness, it's best to ease off or skip that stretch. Knowing when and how to stretch, along with what to avoid during flareups, can make a big difference in your recovery. If symptoms persist or worsen, it’s important to consult a medical professional. --- ### What You Should Know - Sciatica refers to symptoms from irritation or compression of the sciatic nerve, often causing pain down the back of the leg. - Common causes include a lumbar disc herniation, spinal stenosis, or tight deep hip muscles like the piriformis. - Gentle stretching can reduce muscle guarding and help calm nerve sensitivity. - Avoid stretches that trigger sharp pain, increasing numbness, or leg weakness. - Hold most stretches 20 to 30 seconds, repeat 2 to 3 times, and practice 1 to 2 times daily as tolerated. - Seek care urgently for bowel or bladder changes, progressive weakness, or saddle numbness. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/digital-composite-of-highlighted-spine-of-woman-wi-2026-01-11-10-31-04-utc-1024x683.jpg "digital-composite-of-highlighted-spine-of-woman-wi-2026-01-11-10-31-04-utc - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What Is Sciatica and Why Does It Hurt? The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in your body. It forms in the lower spine, travels through the buttock, and runs down the back of each leg. When structures around the nerve get irritated or compressed, pain can spread from the low back or hip into the thigh, calf, or foot. Causes vary. A lumbar disc can bulge and press on the nerve root. Spinal stenosis narrows the canal that the nerves pass through. Sometimes the deep hip muscles tighten and create local nerve irritation. Your plan should match your diagnosis, which is why an exam is helpful before starting a new routine. ## Before You Begin: Safe Stretching Basics - Warm up with a short walk or gentle march in place for 2 to 3 minutes. - Move slowly, breathe, and keep pain below a mild, tolerable level. - Stop immediately if pain shoots down the leg or numbness increases. - Use a towel, yoga strap, or chair for support as needed. Avoid bouncing. - Check with your clinician if you are pregnant, have osteoporosis, or recent spine surgery. ## Five Gentle Stretches, Step by Step ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/young-woman-practicing-yoga-reclined-twist-on-gray-2026-01-08-23-55-34-utc-1024x683.jpg "Young woman practicing yoga reclined twist on gray mat - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**1) Figure-4 Stretch on Back** Lie on your back with knees bent and feet on the floor. Cross the ankle of your painful side over the opposite thigh. Gently pull the uncrossed thigh toward you until you feel a stretch in the buttock. Hold 20 to 30 seconds. Repeat 2 to 3 times. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/young-slim-brunette-fitness-woman-stretching-2026-01-08-01-38-32-utc-1024x341.jpg "Young slim brunette fitness woman stretching - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**2) Knee to Opposite Shoulder** Lie on your back. Bend the knee on the painful side. Use both hands to draw the knee across your body toward the opposite shoulder. Stop at a comfortable stretch in the outer hip. Hold 20 to 30 seconds. Repeat 2 to 3 times. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/mid-adult-woman-stretching-legs-on-gym-floor-after-2026-01-09-12-01-15-utc-683x1024.jpg "Mid adult woman stretching legs on gym floor after workout - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**3) Seated Hamstring Stretch** Sit on the floor with one leg extended straight and the other leg bent, with the sole of the foot resting against the inner thigh of the extended leg. Keep your back straight and shoulders relaxed. Gently lean forward from your hips, reaching toward your shin, ankle, or foot. Stop when you feel a mild stretch in the back of your thigh. Hold for 15–30 seconds, breathing steadily. Return to upright and switch legs. Repeat 2–3 times on each side. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/a-woman-stretching-2026-01-11-08-00-36-utc-1024x683.jpg "a-woman-stretching-2026-01-11-08-00-36-utc - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**4) Half-Kneeling Hip Flexor Stretch** Kneel on one knee with the other foot in front. Tuck your tailbone slightly and gently shift your weight forward. You should feel a stretch in the front of the hip on the kneeling side. Keep your trunk upright. Hold 20 to 30 seconds. Repeat 2 to 3 times each side. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/woman-performs-stretching-exercises-on-a-mat-after-2026-01-05-06-15-49-utc-1024x683.jpg "Woman performs stretching exercises on a mat after completing her training session focusing on flexibility and muscle recovery - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**5) Child's Pose, Comfortable Range** Start on hands and knees. Sit your hips back toward your heels while reaching your arms forward. Stay where it feels easy to breathe. If you notice leg pain or tingling increases with spinal flexion, reduce the depth or skip this position. Hold 20 to 30 seconds. Repeat 2 to 3 times. ### More Mobility Moves That Help ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/young-woman-doing-cat-cow-pose-on-green-yoga-mat-a-2026-01-06-09-52-13-utc-1024x683.jpg "Young woman doing cat cow pose on green yoga mat at home - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**6) Cat–Cow** On hands and knees, gently arch your back toward the ceiling, then lower your belly toward the floor. Move slowly with your breath for 30 to 60 seconds. Stop if leg pain increases. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/beautiful-and-sexy-woman-doing-fitness-2026-01-09-11-03-45-utc-683x1024.jpg "beautiful and sexy woman doing fitness - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**7) Seated Piriformis Stretch** Sit tall. Cross the painful-side ankle over the opposite knee. Lean forward slightly until you feel a stretch in the buttock. Hold 20 to 30 seconds, repeat 2 to 3 times. ## How Often Should You Stretch? Consistency helps calm sensitive tissues. Use this simple guide to pace your recovery. StageFrequencyHolds/RepsNotesEarly pain1 to 2 times daily20 to 30 second holds, 2 to 3 setsStay gentle, avoid positions that trigger leg painImprovingDaily or every other dayProgress range as comfort allowsAdd short walks and easy core workMaintenance3 to 5 days per weekBrief routine after activityKeep flexibility in hips, hamstrings, and low back ## What To Avoid During a Flare - Movements that sharply increase leg pain, tingling, or numbness - Heavy lifting with a rounded back - Prolonged sitting without breaks - Bouncing or forcing deeper stretches Deep spinal flexion or sustained forward bending if it increases leg symptoms. ## When To See a Doctor Get medical care promptly if any of the following occur: - New or worsening leg weakness - Loss of bowel or bladder control - Numbness in the groin or inner thighs - Severe pain after a fall or injury - Pain that does not improve over several weeks despite rest and gentle care ## Common Triggers and Risk Factors - Prolonged sitting or long commutes - Repetitive bending or lifting without proper mechanics - Sudden increase in activity or deconditioning - Tight hips and hamstrings that limit normal movement - Age-related spinal changes such as stenosis ## Beyond Stretching: What Else Helps - Short, frequent walks to keep joints and nerves moving - Ice or heat for comfort based on your preference - Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication if your doctor approves - Physical therapy for targeted mobility, core and hip strength, and body mechanics - Ergonomic changes at work and frequent position changes ## Care With Princeton Orthopaedic Associates If sciatic pain is limiting your day, we can help you find the cause and build a plan that fits your life. Our clinicians guide you on safe exercises, posture, and next steps if additional treatment is needed. Schedule an evaluation to get moving comfortably again. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Safe Hip Flexor Stretches to Ease Tight Hips at Home](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/safe-hip-flexor-stretches-to-ease-tight-hips-at-home/) **Published:** February 3, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Hip Flexor Stretches: Safe, Simple Ways To Ease Tight Hips Tightness in the front of your hips can make everyday movements like walking, running, or standing up from a chair feel stiff and uncomfortable. Understanding what your hip flexors do, why they become tight, and how to stretch them properly can help improve flexibility and ease discomfort. The hip flexors are a group of muscles located at the front of the hip that play a key role in lifting the knee and bending at the waist. The iliopsoas and rectus femoris are among the most important of these muscles. Prolonged sitting, repetitive activity, or a sudden increase in physical demand can cause these muscles to become shortened and sore. With gentle, consistent stretching and mindful movement habits, you can usually restore mobility and reduce tightness. --- ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/shutterstock_2726721275-edited-scaled.jpg "HipFlexorMuscle - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## How Do You Know Your Hip Flexors Are Tight? You might notice stiffness in the front of your hip or groin after sitting, or discomfort when you step into a long stride. Other common clues include: - Tight or pinching feeling at the front of the hip, especially when standing up from a chair - Low back or front-of-hip discomfort after long periods of sitting - Difficulty straightening the hip fully when walking or climbing stairs - Reduced hip extension while running or pushing off during strides ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/fitness-enthusiast-stretching-against-a-wall-on-a-2026-01-09-10-01-43-utc-1024x683.jpg "Fitness enthusiast stretching against a wall on a sunny day - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Standing Lunge With Support Using the standing lunge with support can help you ease into a hip stretch when kneeling is painful or unstable. This option lets you keep your balance with a chair, table, or counter, which can reduce strain in the knee and back. Start gently, stand tall, and focus on the stretch in the front of the hip. Move slowly and breathe evenly as you feel the stretch deepen. - Stand in a short lunge with the right foot back and the left foot forward. Hold a counter or chair for balance. - Tuck the pelvis and lightly squeeze the right glute. Keep your chest tall. - Gently shift weight forward until you feel a stretch at the front of the right hip. - Hold 20 to 30 seconds. Repeat 2 to 4 times per side. Good choice if kneeling is uncomfortable or you need extra support. ### Wall or Couch Stretch - Use extra knee padding, and skip this variation if you have patellofemoral pain or knee osteoarthritis. Discontinue if knee pressure or pain persists. This position also lengthens the rectus femoris, a front thigh muscle that acts as a hip flexor. ## How Long And How Often Should You Stretch? Consistency matters more than intensity when you stretch. A steady, gentle routine helps you move well and stay safe. Use the guide below to build a simple plan that fits your day. Start small with short holds and few days per week, then build up as you feel comfortable and your mobility improves. GoalTimeFrequencyNotesGeneral flexibility20 to 30 seconds per hold1 to 2 times daily2 to 4 rounds per sideWarm up5 to 10 seconds gentle holdsBefore activityPrioritize movement quality and postureMobility maintenance20 seconds3 to 5 days per weekPair with hip and core strengthening ## Quick Warm-Up Ideas Before You Stretch - 2 to 3 minutes of easy walking or marching in place - Gentle leg swings front to back, holding a counter for balance - Pelvic tilts while standing to find a comfortable neutral spine Before sports or vigorous activity, prioritize dynamic warm-ups (e.g., marching, leg swings, hip circles). If you include static stretches, keep them brief and gentle. ## Safety Checks And When To Modify - If you feel a pinching sensation at the front of the hip (especially with a history of femoroacetabular impingement or labral irritation), reduce the range, keep the pelvis gently tucked, or choose a different variation. ## When To See An Orthopaedic Specialist Schedule an evaluation at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates if any of the following apply: - Hip or groin pain that lasts more than a week or keeps returning - Pain that limits walking, stairs, running, or daily activities - Numbness, tingling, or pain that travels into the thigh or back - Clicking or snapping at the hip that is painful We can confirm the cause of your symptoms, teach you the right technique, and build a plan that combines stretching with strength and movement training so your progress lasts. ## The Bottom Line Hip flexor stretches work best when they’re gentle, well aligned, and consistent. Start with the half-kneeling stretch, focus on pelvic position, and progress to standing or wall variations as you improve. If pain persists, our team is here to help you move with confidence again. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [IT Band Stretches: Safe Relief for Outer Knee and Hip Tightness](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/it-band-stretches-safe-relief-for-outer-knee-and-hip-tightness/) **Published:** February 1, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## IT Band Stretches: Simple, Safe Moves to Ease Outer Knee and Hip Tightness f the outside of your knee or hip feels tight or sore, your iliotibial band (IT band) may be involved. You can safely reduce that tension with targeted stretches, proper use of foam rolling, and consistent practice for meaningful relief. Follow step-by-step stretches that target the muscles connected to the IT band, try a quick 10-minute routine, and be aware of common mistakes to avoid. It’s also important to know when it’s time to see a specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/shutterstock_2139432651-1024x774.jpg "StretchingTreatAthleteTearSprainMuscleInflammatoryRunnerCyclingHiking - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ## What Your IT Band Does and Why It Feels Tight The IT band is a strong band of tissue on the outside of your thigh from your hip to just below the knee. It helps steady the knee while you move. Because it’s not a muscle, you can’t stretch the IT band itself like a hamstring or quad. Instead, you’ll get relief by improving mobility in the muscles that connect to it: the tensor fasciae latae (TFL), glutes, quadriceps, and hamstrings. - Tightness is often linked to repeating the same moves over and over, sitting for long periods, or muscle imbalances around the hip and knee. - Gentle stretching plus smart strengthening offers longer-lasting relief than stretching alone. - Discomfort should feel like a mild, tolerable stretch in the muscle. Sharp or joint pain means stop. ### Before You Start: Safety Tips - Warm up with 3 to 5 minutes of easy movement: a short walk or gentle cycling. - Move slowly, avoid bouncing, and breathe normally through each stretch. - Hold each stretch 20 to 30 seconds. Repeat 2 to 3 times per side. - You should feel a comfortable stretch, not tingling, numbness, or sharp pain. - If you have a recent injury, significant swelling, or a joint replacement, ask your clinician which stretches are right for you. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 141](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-141-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 141 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Targeted Stretches That Help Ease IT Band Related Tightness ### 1) Standing TFL and Outer Hip Stretch (Wall Support) - Stand tall beside a wall for balance. The leg closest to the wall will be your back leg. - Cross the inside leg behind the outside leg. Gently tuck your pelvis under. - Lean your upper body away from the wall until you feel a stretch along the outer hip and upper thigh of the back leg. - Hold 20 to 30 seconds. Repeat 2 to 3 times per side. ### 2) Seated Figure-4 Glute Stretch - Sit near the front of a sturdy chair, feet flat. - Place your right ankle over your left knee (a figure-4 position). Keep your back tall. - Gently hinge forward from your hips until you feel a stretch in the right glute and outer hip. - Hold 20 to 30 seconds. Repeat 2 to 3 times per side. ### 3) Half-Kneeling Hip Flexor Stretch With Side Reach - Kneel on a pad with your right knee down and left foot forward. - Gently tuck your pelvis under and shift forward slightly until you feel a front-hip stretch on the right side. - To target the TFL a bit more, reach your right arm overhead and lean your torso slightly to the left. - Hold 20 to 30 seconds. Repeat 2 to 3 times per side. ### 4) Standing Quadriceps Stretch - Stand and hold a counter or wall for balance. - Bend your right knee and hold your ankle or use a strap. Keep your knees close together. - Gently tuck your pelvis under and avoid arching your low back. You should feel the stretch in the front of the thigh. - Hold 20 to 30 seconds. Repeat 2 to 3 times per side. ### 5) Supine Hamstring Stretch With Strap - Lie on your back with one knee bent and foot on the floor. Loop a strap around the other foot. - Straighten the strapped leg toward the ceiling until you feel a stretch along the back of the thigh. Keep your knee slightly soft if needed. - Hold 20 to 30 seconds. Repeat 2 to 3 times per side. ## Your 10-Minute Stretch Routine: At a Glance Use this quick reference to build a consistent routine. Aim for most days of the week. AreaStretchHoldReps/SideFrequencyTFL/Outer HipStanding cross-over lean20 to 30 sec2 to 35 to 7 days/weekGlutesSeated figure-420 to 30 sec2 to 35 to 7 days/weekHip FlexorHalf-kneel with side reach20 to 30 sec2 to 35 to 7 days/weekQuadricepsStanding quad stretch20 to 30 sec2 to 35 to 7 days/weekHamstringSupine strap stretch20 to 30 sec2 to 35 to 7 days/week ## Foam Rolling: Where It Helps Foam rolling can help ease soreness and improve movement around the IT band. Focus on the muscles that affect the IT band instead of pressing directly on the band itself. Move slowly, breathe normally, and stop if anything sharp or lingering hurts. This simple tool can make it easier to glide through stretches and daily activities with less tension in the area. - Glutes: sit on the roller, angle to one side, and work the outer glute area. - Lateral quadriceps: roll the outer front thigh just ahead of the IT band. - TFL (front outer hip): use a small ball or roller to gently address the muscle near the bony front of the hip. - Move slowly for 30 to 60 seconds per area. Avoid direct pressure over the outside of the knee. - Stop if you feel sharp, nerve-like, or lingering pain. ## Strength Also Matters Having balanced strength around your hips and core helps protect the IT band. When the hips and trunk are strong, less stress reaches the outer thigh, and symptoms are less likely to come back. Add simple movements a few days a week to build support and stability for your legs and lower back. - Clamshells and side-lying leg lifts for the gluteus medius. - Bridges or banded bridges for the gluteus maximus. - Lateral band walks and mini-squats with good knee alignment. - Hip hikes on a step and single-leg balance drills. - Start 2 to 3 days per week. Focus on quality form, not speed. ## Common Stretching Mistakes - Forcing deep stretches that create sharp pain. - Bouncing or holding your breath. - Ignoring the hips and focusing only on the knee. - Skipping strength work that supports long-term results. ## When to Pause and See a Clinician If any of these signs show up, pause your stretches and seek a checkup. A quick evaluation can stop a small issue from turning into a longer lasting problem. Listening to your body now may save you from more pain later. - Pain lasts more than 1 to 2 weeks despite rest and stretching. - Night pain, swelling, or warmth around the knee or hip. - Catching, locking, or a feeling that the knee might give way. - Numbness or tingling down the leg. - Recent fall or a new injury. - History of hip or knee replacement: confirm safe options with your surgeon or physical therapist. If you’re unsure which stretches are best for you, our team can help. [Sports medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/) specialists and [physical therapists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/physical-therapy/) at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can tailor a plan to your goals and activity level. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Gentle Neck and Back Stretches for Pain Relief at Home](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/gentle-neck-and-back-stretches-for-pain-relief-at-home/) **Published:** January 8, 2026 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Gentle Neck and Back Stretches You Can Do At Home If your neck or back feels tight, daily tasks like work, sleep, and exercise can become more difficult. This simple guide offers safe stretches to ease stiffness, improve posture, and help you move more comfortably. You'll learn when to stretch, how long to hold each stretch, and when it might be time to consult a clinician or physical therapist. ![woman sitting at desk tilting head holding her neck, in a neck stretch, with her left hand with an expression of pain.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/close-up-photo-of-curly-haired-woman-at-home-near-2025-03-27-02-23-09-utc-scaled.jpg "Close-up photo of curly-haired woman at home near the window with severe neck pain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ### Before You Start: Safe Stretching Basics - Move slowly and stay in a comfortable stretch, not in pain. You should feel gentle tension that eases with steady breathing. - Hold most stretches 15 to 30 seconds, repeat 2 to 4 times per side, once or twice daily. - Stop and contact a clinician if you notice numbness, tingling, weakness, or pain that spreads into an arm or leg. - If you have osteoporosis, a recent injury, surgery, or active sciatica, ask your doctor or physical therapist which movements are best for you. ![woman sitting in an office chair with great posture performing chin tucks.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/perfect-for-your-posture-shot-of-a-sporty-woman-d-2025-04-06-07-49-01-utc-1024x1024.jpg "Perfect for your posture Shot of a sporty woman doing stretches on a chair - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### A Quick Daily Routine - Warm up with a short walk around the room for 1 to 2 minutes. - Do the neck sequence below, then the back sequence. - Finish with 3 slow breaths, in through your nose and out through your mouth, to help muscles relax. ## Neck Stretches These movements target common areas of tightness that can contribute to neck pain, tension headaches, and poor posture. ### 1) Chin Tucks - Sit or stand tall. Gently draw your chin straight back, as if making a small double chin. Keep your eyes level. - Hold 3 to 5 seconds, relax. Repeat 8 to 10 times. - Helps strengthen the deep neck flexors and counters forward head posture. ### 2) Upper Trapezius Stretch - Sit tall and hold the edge of your chair with your right hand. Tilt your left ear toward your left shoulder to feel a stretch on the right side of your neck. - Option: Rest your left hand lightly on the right side of your head for a gentle assist. Avoid pulling. - Hold 15 to 30 seconds, repeat 2 to 4 times each side. ### 3) Levator Scapulae Stretch - Turn your head about 45 degrees to the left, then tuck your chin toward your left armpit. - Place your left hand lightly on the back of your head to guide the stretch. You should feel it along the back and side of the neck. - Hold 15 to 30 seconds, repeat 2 to 4 times each side. ### 4) Doorway Chest Stretch Tight chest muscles can pull the shoulders forward, which can increase neck strain. - Stand in a doorway with your forearms on the doorframe and elbows at shoulder height. - Step one foot forward and gently shift your weight until you feel a stretch across the chest and front of the shoulders. - Hold 15 to 30 seconds, repeat 2 to 3 times. ## Back Stretches These stretches focus on the upper and lower back, hips, and the muscles that support your spine. ### 1) Cat‑Cow Mobility - Start on hands and knees. Inhale as you gently let your belly lower and lift your chest. Exhale as you round your back and tuck your chin. - Move slowly through 8 to 12 repetitions. ### 2) Child’s Pose - From hands and knees, sit your hips back toward your heels and reach your arms forward. - Relax your shoulders and breathe into your sides and lower back. - Hold 20 to 30 seconds, repeat 2 to 3 times. ### 3) Single Knee‑to‑Chest - Lie on your back with knees bent. Bring one knee toward your chest, hands on the shin or behind the thigh. - Hold 15 to 30 seconds, then switch. Repeat 2 to 4 times each side. ### 4) Lower Trunk Rotations - Lie on your back with knees bent and feet flat. Gently let both knees fall to one side while keeping your shoulders on the floor. - Hold 10 to 20 seconds, then switch sides. Repeat 5 to 10 times total. ### 5) Prone Press‑Ups The prone press up can help ease stiffness in the lower back for some people. If you feel more pain in your legs, numbness, tingling, or a change in how your legs or feet feel during the move, stop right away. Do not push through nerve symptoms, and talk with your clinician before trying again. - Lie on your stomach and prop up on your elbows, letting your low back relax. - Option: Press into your hands to raise your chest a bit higher if comfortable. Keep hips on the floor. - Hold 5 to 10 seconds, repeat 8 to 10 times. ### 6) Hamstring Stretch - Lie on your back. Loop a towel or strap around one foot and gently straighten the knee toward the ceiling until you feel a stretch in the back of the thigh. - Keep the other leg bent for comfort. Hold 15 to 30 seconds, switch sides, repeat 2 to 3 times. ### 7) Figure‑4 Hip Stretch - Lie on your back, cross your right ankle over your left knee. Lift the left leg and hold behind the thigh. - Feel the stretch in the right hip or buttock. Hold 15 to 30 seconds, switch sides, repeat 2 to 3 times. ## How Often Should You Stretch? Doing stretches regularly matters more than doing long, hard sessions. If you practice a little every day, you are more likely to keep your joints flexible and your back strong. Use the chart below to plan how often you stretch, how long to hold each stretch, and how many times to repeat. GoalFrequencyHold TimeRepetitionsEase stiffnessDaily or 5 days per week15 to 30 seconds2 to 4 per sidePosture supportDaily micro‑breaks5 to 10 seconds for resetsLittle and often throughout the dayWarm upBefore activityGentle, shorter holds8 to 10 easy reps of mobility moves ## Ergonomic Habits That Help - Set a reminder to stand and move for 1 to 2 minutes every 30 to 60 minutes. - Keep screens at eye level and your keyboard close so your shoulders stay relaxed. - Use a supportive chair, and place feet flat on the floor or on a small footrest. - Choose a pillow height that keeps your neck in a neutral position. ### When To Contact Princeton Orthopaedic Associates If your pain lasts more than a week or two despite trying home care, or if it wakes you at night or keeps you from daily tasks, you should seek an evaluation. Call if you notice numbness, tingling, weakness, or new changes in bowel or bladder control, as these need urgent attention. - Pain lasts more than 1 to 2 weeks despite home care. - Pain wakes you at night or limits daily tasks. - You notice numbness, tingling, or weakness in an arm or leg. - Pain began after a fall or accident. - There are changes in bowel or bladder control. This is urgent and needs immediate care. Our team can diagnose the source of pain, tailor a stretching and strengthening plan, and coordinate physical therapy when needed. ## Next Step If your neck or back pain keeps returning, a personalized plan usually helps most. Schedule an exam with Princeton Orthopaedic Associates so we can identify what is driving your symptoms and guide you through the right exercises for long‑term relief. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Knee Arthroscopy From Diagnosis To Recovery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/knee-arthroscopy-from-diagnosis-to-recovery/) **Published:** January 1, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ## What We Will Cover: - Understand your diagnosis and all treatment options. - Review the benefits, risks, and alternatives with your provider. - Follow all preoperative instructions regarding medications, diet, and fluid intake. - Be aware of what happens during the procedure and the safety checks involved. - Arrange for a ride home and prepare your space for a comfortable recovery. - Begin gentle movement and prescribed exercises on schedule. - Call your provider immediately if you experience any warning signs. ## Understanding Your Knee Pain Your knees support you through every step, bend, and climb. Over time, injuries or the natural wear of daily life can lead to pain, swelling, or a feeling of instability. If these symptoms begin to limit the activities you love, your orthopaedic surgeon may suggest knee arthroscopy, a minimally invasive procedure that uses small incisions to look inside the joint and treat the problem. ### How the Knee Joint Works The knee is a complex hinge joint where your thigh bone (**femur**) and shin bone (**tibia**) meet. A C-shaped cushion of cartilage called the **meniscus** sits between these bones to absorb shock. The ends of the bones, along with the back of the kneecap (**patella**), are coated with a smooth, slick surface called **articular cartilage**, which allows the joint to glide comfortably. A network of muscles, tendons, and ligaments surrounds the joint to provide strength and stability. ## Is Knee Arthroscopy Right for You? To get an accurate diagnosis, your care team may order imaging tests like an X-ray or an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). These tests can reveal issues in the soft tissues like ligaments and cartilage, as well as in the bones themselves. Arthroscopy can then be used to confirm what the images suggest and often allows your surgeon to treat the issue during the same procedure. You and your provider will review the expected benefits and possible risks of arthroscopy. You will also discuss alternatives, which may include medications, physical therapy, activity changes, or wearing a brace. Be sure to ask every question on your mind so you feel informed and confident in your decision. ## Your Knee Arthroscopy Procedure ### What to Expect on Surgery Day ![Gloved and gowned surgeon preparing arthroscopic tools for arthroscopic knee surgery.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_1232265979-scaled.jpg "ArthroscopeSurgeryOrthopedicSurgeonsInTeamworkInTheOperatingRoom - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **The Procedure:** Arthroscopy allows the surgeon to see inside your knee using a thin, lighted camera called an arthroscope. The camera sends live images to a monitor, which guides the precise surgical tools inserted through separate small incisions. This approach allows the surgeon to diagnose and treat many knee problems through incisions that are typically less than an inch long. **Preparing:** Before the procedure, inform your surgeon about all the medications and supplements you are taking. You may need to stop some of them ahead of time. You will also be instructed to stop eating and drinking for a set period to ensure your stomach is empty for anesthesia. **The Day** **of Surgery:** On the day of surgery, your team will perform several routine safety checks, including marking the correct knee and confirming your identity and the planned procedure. Anesthesia will keep you comfortable and free from pain. The surgeon then makes two or three small incisions (called portals), places the scope through one, and inserts instruments through the others. Sterile fluid is used to gently expand the joint, improving visibility and helping the surgeon work accurately. ### Risks and Possible Complications Knee arthroscopy is a widely used and very safe procedure. However, like any surgery, it carries some risks. These may include: - Bleeding, infection, or blood clots - Stiffness or ongoing knee pain - Injury to blood vessels, nerves, or skin around the knee - Damage to cartilage, the meniscus, or ligaments - The need for additional surgery - Other specific risks as discussed by your surgeon ## Common Conditions Treated with Arthroscopy Arthroscopy can address a variety of common knee problems: ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa_knee-structure-arhtrscopy-image-1-1024x846.jpg "HumanKneeJointAnatomyLigamentsOfTheKneeAnteriorAnd - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **A Healthy Knee** **The Problem:** Repeated squatting or a sudden twist can tear the meniscus. This may cause pain or swelling, and your knee may catch or lock when you move. **The Solution:** Torn tissue on the inner portion of the meniscus is often trimmed away (a meniscectomy). Tears near the outer edge, which has a better blood supply, may be repaired with sutures. ![meniscal,tear.,knee,anatomy.,close up,of,torn,meniscus,and,cartilage](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/shutterstock_2497592525-1-1024x713.jpg "meniscal,tear.,knee,anatomy.,close up,of,torn,meniscus,and,cartilage - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Meniscus Tears** **The Problem:** Repeated squatting or a sudden twist can tear the meniscus. This may cause pain or swelling, and your knee may catch or lock when you move. **The Solution:** Torn tissue on the inner portion of the meniscus is often trimmed away (a meniscectomy). Tears near the outer edge, which has a better blood supply, may be repaired with sutures. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-knee-anatomy-1024x853.jpg "CollateralLigamentsWithKneeAnatomicalSkeletalStructureOutlineDiagramLabeled - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **ACL Tear** **The Problem:** A sudden pivot, cut, or awkward landing can tear the ACL. Patients often report a “pop,” rapid swelling within hours, and instability with pivoting or cutting. **The Solution:** Low-demand or partial tears may be managed with structured rehab and bracing. Symptomatic complete tears, especially in patients returning to sports, are typically treated with arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using a tendon graft; primary ACL repair is reserved for select tears. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/knee-asteoartritis-poa.jpg "knee-asteoartritis-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Cartilage Wear** **The Problem:** Articular cartilage can wear down, and loose pieces can float inside the joint. You may notice pain, stiffness, or a grinding sensation. **The Solution:** The surgeon can remove loose fragments that irritate the joint to reduce catching and pain, and smooth down damaged cartilage surfaces. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2394702183-931x1024.jpg "ArticularCartilageStructureAndLocationInKneeJointOutlineDiagram - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Patella (Kneecap) Issues** **The Problem:** Articular cartilage can wear down, and loose pieces can float inside the joint. You may notice pain, stiffness, or a grinding sensation. **The Solution:** The surgeon can remove loose fragments that irritate the joint to reduce catching and pain, and smooth down damaged cartilage surfaces. ## Your Recovery at Home ### Immediately After Surgery When the procedure is finished, your small incisions will be closed and covered. In the recovery room, your knee will be bandaged, iced, and elevated to limit swelling. You will receive pain medication and be monitored by a nurse until it is safe to go home. Anesthesia and pain medicine can make you drowsy, so you must arrange for an adult to drive you home. ### Caring for Your Knee Follow your surgeon’s instructions carefully to ensure a smooth recovery. Key steps include: - **Elevate** your leg above the level of your heart as much as possible to reduce pain and swelling. - **Ice** your knee for 20-30 minutes several times a day for the first few days. Wrap the ice pack in a thin towel to protect your skin. - **Keep incisions dry.** Shower only when your provider says it is safe, and cover your leg with plastic to keep the bandages dry. - **Manage weight-bearing.** You may go home with crutches. Follow your weight-bearing directions carefully so your knee can heal properly. ### Exercises for a Strong Recovery Oftentimes, physical therapy is prescribed. But at home, you can work on many of the following. Gentle movement is critical for healing. Your provider or physical therapist will guide you through a plan to restore motion and strength. Start these simple motions as soon as you are told it is safe to improve blood flow and help prevent blood clots. - **Ankle Pumps:** Point your foot down, then flex it up. Move your foot in circles several times throughout the day. - **Quadriceps Sets:** While lying down, tighten the muscles on the front of your thigh and press the back of your knee toward the surface. Hold for 5 to 10 seconds, then relax. Repeat as directed. - **Straight Leg Raises:** Lying down, keep your knee straight and lift your leg 8 to 12 inches off the surface. Hold for 5 seconds, then lower slowly. Repeat as directed. ### When to Call Your Provider Contact your provider’s office right away if you notice any of the following: - Fever of 100.4° F (38° C) or higher - Pain that does not improve with medication and rest - Swelling that does not improve with elevation and icing - Increased redness, warmth, or drainage from the incision sites - Bleeding that soaks through your bandages - New or worsening numbness in your leg or foot - Severe nausea or vomiting ## Returning to Your Activities Recovery time varies based on your specific procedure, the condition of your knee, and your overall health. Many people with desk jobs can return to work in about one week. Jobs that require prolonged standing or heavy activity may require more time off. With consistent effort in your rehabilitation, most people can return to their normal active lifestyle within one to two months. Knee arthroscopy is a powerful tool for diagnosing and treating the cause of your knee pain. By preparing as instructed and following your post-operative plan closely, you give yourself the best chance of returning to your activities with less pain and improved function. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Patient Information **Tags:** Knee --- ### [Dr. Jennifer Hasan's Humanitarian Trip to Kenya](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/dr-jennifer-hasans-humanitarian-trip-to-kenya/) **Published:** October 14, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Screenshot-2025-10-14-at-101645-AM-814x1024.png "Screenshot 2025-10-14 at 101645 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Friends of Yimbo FOY![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Screenshot-2025-10-14-at-101650-AM-1014x1024.png "Screenshot 2025-10-14 at 101650 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Bwindi Impenetrable Forest ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Screenshot-2025-10-14-at-101659-AM-730x1024.png "Screenshot 2025-10-14 at 101659 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")*Jennifer Hasan DPM*### **Humanitarian Trip to Kenya is Life-changing for Robbinsville Resident** *Submitted by Jennifer Hasan, DPM* Nervous excitement is the best way to describe the rush of emotions that I felt in October 2024 after accepting an invitation by the organization Friends of Yimbo (FOY) to join their humanitarian trip to Kenya in June 2025. My purpose was to provide podiatric medical care in Yimbo, an underserved village in the western part of Kenya. FOY is a charitable organization devoted to educating and empowering populations in and around Yimbo. The organization was founded in 2007 by brothers Charles and Ben Odipo to carry on the legacy of their father Joseph Odipo. He was a visionary who founded the Muguna Primary School, the first in the region. What began as a single classroom built by villagers is now a thriving school with 470 students and 10 classrooms. In addition to education, FOY initiatives also include access to clean water, community health, and economic development. I was introduced to Charles and Ben by a colleague, Dr. Maria Sopchede, who participated in the humanitarian trip in 2024 and inspired me to participate in 2025. Approximately every other year FOY organizes a 12–15-day humanitarian trip to the village of Muguna in western Kenya. The trip is considered to be rugged and rustic but it is also an opportunity to see and experience the side of Kenya that tourists don’t get to see. The eight months of preparation for the trip involved countless phone calls, emails, texts, and Zoom meetings with the Odipo family, medical authorities in Kenya, and the travelers. Medical supplies were ordered, vaccines were administered, Kenyan and Ugandan visas were obtained, trip insurance was purchased, and flights were booked. Finally, the day came on June 21 to board the 14-hour flight from New York to Nairobi and meet up with the other 13 volunteers who came from California and Canada. Upon arrival in the village, we were met by several hundred students, teachers, faculty, and community members and treated to a program of speeches, presentations, and traditional dance. The medical camp took place over three days in several basic classrooms within small enclosures in the Muguna School. Two hundred seventy-eight patients were seen, including 80 podiatry patients. The patients were largely impoverished and presented with a variety of conditions ranging from acute and chronic wounds, congenital deformities, and infectious diseases. The patients were gentle and kind. Many walked or rode moped taxis for several miles to be treated at the medical camp and I was humbled by their strength, resilience, and patience. To spend time in a community where most live on less than a dollar a day and lack basic necessities such as electricity and running water and yet are proud, resourceful, and happy offers a new perspective of one’s own life and challenges. After five days in Yimbo our group split up to visit other destinations in Africa including Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, Madagascar, and Uganda. I joined seven others for a once-in-a-lifetime experience in the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest in southwestern Uganda to see mountain gorillas in their natural habitat. After an eight-hour drive from Kampala we navigated through rugged terrain accompanied by a guide, trackers, security guards and porters to observe these gentle and majestic animals for one hour. Standing three feet away from a 400 lb. silverback gorilla was awe-inspiring moment that I will never forget. The finale of the trip was a safari in the Masai Mara National Reserve in southwestern Kenya known for its high concentration of wildlife including the “Big Five” (lion, leopard, elephant, buffalo, and rhino). We saw all except the elusive leopard. We were also able to experience the Great Migration of wildebeests and zebras from Tanzania into Kenya which begins in July. In the end, this was so much more than a humanitarian trip. The bonds of friendship made within the Friends of Yimbo and with my fellow travelers will last a lifetime. It was an honor and a privilege to experience the warmth and hospitality of the villagers who trusted me with their medical care. I would encourage others to come out of their comfort zone for this type of experience—and who knows…you just may see a leopard! For more information, visit [friendsofyimbo.org](https://friendsofyimbo.org) **Dr. Jennifer Hasan** has resided in Robbinsville for 15 years with her husband Kevin Greczek, and teenage sons Jacob and Adam Greczek. She is the Chief of Podiatry at Penn Medicine Princeton Medical Center. She has practiced podiatric medicine and surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates for 22 years. ***She would like to thank Dr. Maria Sophocles for introducing her to FOY and Princeton Orthopaedic Associates for their generous contribution of medical supplies for this mission.*** ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Our-Robbinsville-October-2025-trip-to-Kenya-page-6-edit-786x1024.jpg "Our-Robbinsville-October-2025-trip-to-Kenya-page-6-edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Page 1![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Our-Robbinsville-October-2025-trip-to-Kenya-page-7-edit-791x1024.jpg "Our-Robbinsville-October-2025-trip-to-Kenya-page-7-edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Page 2 **Categories:** News --- ### [Improve Posture: Simple Steps You Can Start Today](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/improve-posture-simple-steps-you-can-start-today/) **Published:** October 3, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Improve Your Posture: Simple Steps You Can Start Today Good posture means your head, shoulders, and hips line up with your spine. This helps your body work well and move with less pain. Small, steady changes can add up over days and weeks. This guide explains why posture matters, common reasons it slips, safe exercises, and quick ergonomic setup ideas you can use at home or work to feel better and move more easily. ![unhealthy,suffering,from,backache,while,sits,with,laptop, bad posture](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/shutterstock_2265313703-1-edited.jpg "unhealthy,asian,woman,suffering,from,backache,while,sits,with,laptop - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Good posture helps distribute forces evenly across your joints and muscles. When posture is poor, some muscles take on extra work while other areas weaken, which can lead to neck, shoulder, or back pain. The encouraging part is that steady, small changes usually lead to meaningful improvements. --- ### What This Guide Covers - What healthy posture looks like and why it matters. - Common causes of posture problems. - Easy daily habits, stretches, and strengthening moves. - Simple ergonomic changes for home and office. - When to seek clinical care. ![posture,concept.,young,woman,working,with,computer,at,office](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/shutterstock_609986825.jpg "posture,concept.,young,woman,working,with,computer,at,office - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What is Good Posture? Good posture means your head, shoulders, and hips line up so your spine is supported and muscles can work efficiently. It doesn’t mean you must sit perfectly rigid. Instead, aim for balance: a neutral spine with relaxed shoulders and an engaged core. When your posture is balanced, less stress sits on joints and soft tissues, and you’re less likely to develop pain from overuse or compensatory movement patterns. ## Why Posture Matters for Everyday Comfort Posture affects pain, breathing, and how you move. Slouching can make neck and upper back muscles work harder. It can also change how your shoulders and hips move, which may lead to recent or gradual pain. - Poor posture can increase neck, shoulder, and lower back strain - It can reduce your tolerance for standing or walking for long periods - Correcting posture helps with balance and reduces the chance of developing compensatory injuries ## Common Reasons Posture Slips - Sitting for long stretches without breaks - Weakness in the mid-back, glutes, or core muscles - Tight chest or hip flexor muscles - Poor workstation setup or unsupportive shoes - Holding one-sided positions, like carrying a heavy bag on one shoulder ## Daily Habits You Can Start Today - Set a timer to stand and move every 30 minutes - When sitting, keep your feet flat, hips level, and shoulders relaxed - Use a rolled towel or lumbar roll for lower back support if needed - Switch which hand you use for tasks that are one-sided, such as carrying groceries ## Simple Stretches and Strengthening Moves These choices are low-risk and can be done at home. Start gently and increase repetitions over weeks as you feel stronger. Evidence from major guidelines supports regular practice, with adults typically performing strengthening 2 to 3 days per week and stretches held for 20 to 30 seconds, gradually increasing as tolerated. (ACSM guidelines 2023) - **Chin tucks**: Slide your head back, keeping eyes forward to strengthen deep neck muscles. Do 8 to 12 reps. Safety: keep a neutral neck and avoid tucking the chin so far you feel pain or strain. If you have neck pain, numbness, or tingling, stop and consult a clinician. Frequency: 2–3 days per week. - **Thoracic extensions**: Sit upright and gently arch the mid-back over a chair back to improve upper spine mobility. Repeat 8 to 10 times. Safety: maintain a tall spine, do not strain the neck, and stop if you feel joint pain. Frequency: 2–3 days per week. - **Glute bridges**: Lie on your back, press hips up while squeezing glutes to build hip support. Do 10 to 15 reps. Safety: keep the spine in a neutral line, press through the heels, and stop if you feel sharp back pain. Frequency: 2–3 days per week. - **Wall angels**: Stand with your back to a wall and slide arms up and down to open the chest and strengthen the mid-back. Do 8 to 12 reps. Safety: keep head, shoulders, and butt against the wall; avoid arching the lower back. Frequency: 2–3 days per week. - **Hip flexor stretch**: Kneel on one knee and push hips forward to stretch the front of the hip. Hold 20 to 30 seconds each side. Safety: keep the pelvis level, avoid overarching the lower back, and stop if you feel pain. Frequency: 2–3 days per week. ## Ergonomic Fixes That Help - Position your monitor at eye level to support a neutral spine and an ergonomic setup - Use a chair that supports the curve of your lower back - Keep frequently used items within easy reach - Try a sit-stand routine if you work at a desk - Choose shoes with good support for standing jobs ![sitting,posture,set.,right,and,wrong,positions.,healthy,lifestyle.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/shutterstock_582161317.jpg "sitting,posture,set.,right,and,wrong,positions.,healthy,lifestyle. - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Progress Looks Like and How Long It Takes People improve at different speeds. Small changes can show up in a few weeks if you practice regularly. Bigger, longer standing posture problems take longer to improve and may need a tailored plan. A steady mix of simple strengthening moves, daily posture habits, and help from a clinician or physical therapist can help you move better and reduce pain. IssueTypical time to notice changeNotesMinor slouching2 6 weeksDaily breaks and basic exercises usually help.Moderate postural imbalance4 6 weeksRequires consistent strengthening and ergonomic changes.Long-standing posture-related pain2+ monthsOften needs a tailored program from a clinician or physical therapist. ## When You Should See a Clinician Try the self-care tips for a week or two. See a specialist sooner if pain limits your daily activities, if you change how you walk or move to avoid pain, or if home measures don’t help. ProviderWhat they help withPrimary care or sports medicineInitial evaluation and recommendations for non-surgical carePhysical therapistHands-on treatment, personalized exercise programs, posture trainingPhysiatristComplex movement problems, chronic pain management, coordinate careAt Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we assess the root cause of posture problems and work with you to build a practical plan. We focus on restoring function and helping you return to activities with less pain. ## Getting Started: An Easy Plan - Set small goals: three short sessions per day of targeted exercises - Add movement breaks: stand and walk for a few minutes each half hour - Adjust your workspace: monitor height, seat support, and footwear - Track progress: note changes in comfort and ability to do daily tasks If you need help customizing a program or you have persistent pain, schedule an exam so we can evaluate you and design a specific plan. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Back, News, Spine **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Posture, Princeton Orthopaedic, Spine --- ### [Gout: Symptoms, Risks, Diagnosis, and Treatment Guide](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/gout-symptoms-risks-diagnosis-and-treatment-guide/) **Published:** October 1, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Gout: Symptoms, Risks, Testing, and Treatment Gout is a common type of inflammatory arthritis that causes sudden, intense joint pain and swelling. In this guide, you will learn what gout is, why it happens, who is at higher risk, how we diagnose it, and the treatments that help you feel better and prevent future flares. ![painful,gout,inflammation,on,big,toe,joint,3d,illustration](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/shutterstock_2453858657-1024x576.jpg "painful,gout,inflammation,on,big,toe,joint,3d,illustration - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ## What Is Gout? Gout happens when uric acid builds up in the blood and forms needle-like crystals inside a joint. Your immune system reacts to those crystals, which triggers sudden pain, redness, heat, and swelling. The big toe is the classic spot, but gout can affect the midfoot, ankle, knee, wrist, fingers, and elbow. ![gouty,arthritis,with,inflamed,toe,joint,painful,condition,outline,diagram.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/shutterstock_2394702185-1024x843.jpg "gouty,arthritis,with,inflamed,toe,joint,painful,condition,outline,diagram. - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### How Gout Feels - Sudden, severe pain that often starts at night. - Redness, warmth, and swelling at one joint. - Extreme tenderness where even a bedsheet can hurt. - Stiffness and limited motion during and after a flare. - With long-standing gout, firm bumps under the skin called tophi can develop. ## Why Gout Happens Uric acid forms when your body breaks down purines, which are found naturally in your tissues and in certain foods. When production is high or your kidneys don’t clear enough uric acid, crystals can deposit in joints and surrounding tissues. Cold areas like the big toe are common sites for crystal formation. ## Who Is at Higher Risk? - Age and sex: more common in men and after menopause in women - Family history of gout or high uric acid - Chronic kidney disease or reduced kidney function - Metabolic conditions: obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, high triglycerides - Medications: diuretics for blood pressure, low-dose aspirin, cyclosporine, tacrolimus - Dietary factors: frequent alcohol use, especially beer and spirits, red and organ meats, certain seafoods like anchovies and shellfish, and sugar-sweetened beverages with fructose ## When to Seek Care If you notice a new hot, swollen joint or have repeated gout flares, seek care promptly from a clinician or urgent care provider. Early evaluation helps confirm that gout is the cause, guides fast pain relief, prevents infection or other problems, and protects the joint from lasting damage. A clinician will review your health history and medicines to choose safe, effective treatment and avoid drug interactions. - Severe joint pain with redness and warmth - Fever or feeling unwell along with a hot, swollen joint can signal a joint infection (septic arthritis). Seek urgent same-day medical evaluation to rule out infection before receiving steroid injections or NSAID-only treatment. - Recurrent attacks in the same or different joints - Hard nodules near joints or the ear rim that may be tophi ## How We Diagnose Gout During your visit, a clinician will look at the painful joint and review your overall health, symptoms, and medicines. The best way to confirm gout is to take a tiny sample of joint fluid and check it under a microscope for uric acid crystals. This test helps rule out infection and other problems that can look like gout. - Joint aspiration and crystal analysis when possible - Blood tests, including uric acid level, kidney function, and markers of inflammation - Imaging when needed: ultrasound can show a double contour sign, X-rays reveal long-term changes, and specialized CT may identify crystal deposits ## Treating an Acute Gout Flare Flares respond best when treatment starts early. The main goal is to ease pain quickly, reduce swelling, and lower inflammation while protecting the affected joint from more harm. Your doctor will tailor medicines to your health history and current medicines to ensure safety and effectiveness and help you return to daily activities. - Anti-inflammatory medicines such as NSAIDs, if safe for you - Colchicine, especially when started soon after symptoms begin - Corticosteroids by mouth or a targeted joint injection - Rest, elevation, and ice for comfort Do not stop your long-term urate-lowering medicine during a flare unless your doctor advises it. Let us know at the first sign of a flare so we can tailor treatment to your health history and medications. ## Preventing Future Attacks If you have repeated flares, tophi, kidney stones from uric acid, or moderate to advanced chronic kidney disease, you may benefit from urate-lowering therapy. The aim is to keep your blood uric acid below target so crystals dissolve and flares fade over time. TopicKey PointsWho Should Start Urate-Lowering Therapy2 or more flares per year, tophi, uric acid kidney stones, or chronic kidney disease stage 3 or higherFirst-Line MedicineAllopurinol is typically first choice. Start low and increase gradually. Febuxostat is another option if needed. In patients with established cardiovascular disease, febuxostat carries an FDA boxed warning for increased risk of cardiovascular death. Use only after shared decision-making, and consider allopurinol first. Allopurinol can rarely cause severe cutaneous adverse reactions. Consider HLA-B\*58:01 testing in high-risk groups (e.g., Han Chinese, Thai, Korean patients with CKD, and African American patients) before starting therapy.Other OptionsProbenecid may help if kidney function is adequate. Pegloticase is reserved for severe, refractory cases. Less effective with moderate-to-severe CKD; avoid or use cautiously in patients with a history of uric acid kidney stones; review for drug–drug interactions.Target Uric AcidUnder 6 mg/dL is the usual goal. Under 5 mg/dL may be used if tophi are present.Flare Prevention When Starting TherapyLow-dose colchicine or an NSAID is often used for several months to reduce flare risk during dose adjustments. ## Daily Steps That Help - Maintain a healthy weight and stay active within comfort - Limit alcohol, especially beer and spirits - Moderate high-purine foods like red and organ meats and certain seafoods - Cut back on sugar-sweetened drinks, especially those with fructose - Drink water regularly and review medications with your doctor ## Possible Complications If Gout Is Not Treated - Tophi that can erode bone and limit joint motion - Progressive joint damage and arthritis - Uric acid kidney stones ## How Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Can Help Our team evaluates the painful joint, confirms the diagnosis, and builds a treatment plan that eases pain fast and prevents future attacks. When appropriate, we can perform joint aspiration or an image-guided injection and coordinate long-term urate-lowering therapy with your broader care team. If you think you're having a gout flare or you've had recurrent attacks, schedule an evaluation. Getting ahead of flares now helps protect your joints for the long term. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Arthritis, News, Orthopaedic Conditions, Podiatry, Tibia, Ankle, & Foot **Tags:** Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [Orthopaedic Acronyms:](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopaedic-acronyms/) **Published:** September 23, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ## Knowing & Understanding Orthopaedic & Surgical Acronyms We get it. We like our acronyms! Orthopaedic Surgeons, and doctors in general, often go around saying groups of letters as if everyone is going to get it. That’s why we’ve created a comprehensive list to serve as a clear and reliable reference for our patients. Whether you’re reviewing test results, discussing a diagnosis with your physician, or reading about your recovery plan, this list can help you make sense of the medical language being used. Our goal is to empower patients with knowledge so that every conversation about your health is less intimidating and more productive. ![medical,abbreviations,or,text,signs,for,shorter,writing,outline,hands](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/acronyms-poa-orthoapedic-acronyms-1024x536.jpg "medical,abbreviations,or,text,signs,for,shorter,writing,outline,hands - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") AcronymFull TitleDescription**MD**Doctor of MedicineCompleted allopathic medical training. Focuses on traditional biomedical model and is licensed for full scope medical and surgical practice.**DO**Doctor of Osteopathic MedicineCompletes the same training as MDs with added emphasis on holistic care and musculoskeletal system. Licensed for full medical and surgical practice in the U.S.**PA-C**Physician Assistant, CertifiedGraduate-level provider trained in diagnosis, treatment, and minor surgery. Works under physician supervision but can prescribe and manage care.**NP**Nurse PractitionerAdvanced practice registered nurse with graduate-level training. Provides diagnosis, treatment, and prescribing, often with a holistic emphasis.**DNP**Doctor of Nursing PracticeHighest clinical nursing degree with focus on evidence-based practice and leadership. Functions as an NP but with expanded academic and clinical training.**CRNA**Certified Registered Nurse AnesthetistAdvanced practice nurse specializing in anesthesia. Provides anesthesia independently or alongside anesthesiologists in surgery and trauma settings.### Bone & Joint Conditions - **BMD – Bone Mineral Density**: Measurement of bone strength using imaging (DEXA scan). Helps diagnose osteoporosis and fracture risk. Essential for long-term bone health monitoring. - **CTS – Carpal Tunnel Syndrome**: Compression of the median nerve at the wrist. Causes numbness, tingling, and hand weakness. Often treated with splints, injections, or surgery. - **OA – Osteoarthritis**: Degenerative joint disease due to cartilage breakdown. Causes pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion. Common in hips, knees, and hands. - **RSI – Repetitive Strain Injury**: Overuse injury to muscles, tendons, or nerves. Common in wrists, elbows, and shoulders. Preventable with ergonomic adjustments. ### Fractures & Fixation - **FNF – Femoral Neck Fracture**: Break in the neck of the femur, common in elderly after falls. High risk of complications due to disrupted blood supply. Treated with screws, arthroplasty, or hemiarthroplasty. - **Fx / Frx – Fracture**: Break in a bone. Classified by pattern, location, and stability. May require casting, fixation, or surgery. - **DHS – Dynamic Hip Screw**: Implant system for stabilizing femoral neck or intertrochanteric fractures. Allows controlled compression during healing. Inserted surgically into the femur. - **SHS – Sliding Hip Screw**: Similar to DHS, used for hip fracture stabilization. Provides controlled movement as the fracture heals. Widely used in orthopaedic trauma. - **IMN – Intramedullary Nail**: Rod placed inside bone marrow canal for fracture stabilization. Common in long bone fractures. Provides strong internal fixation. - **CMN – Cephalomedullary Nail**: Type of intramedullary nail extending into the femoral head. Stabilizes proximal femur fractures. Often chosen for unstable hip fractures. - **ORIF – Open Reduction Internal Fixation**: Surgical repair of fractures using plates, screws, or rods. “Open reduction” means exposing the bone surgically. “Internal fixation” stabilizes it from inside. - **Ex-fix – External Fixator**: Frame with pins/wires inserted into bone through skin. Stabilizes fractures or corrects deformities externally. Used in severe trauma or infection cases. ### Arthroplasty & Joint Replacement - **THA – Total Hip Arthroplasty**: Complete hip replacement with artificial components. Relieves pain from arthritis or fractures. Improves mobility and quality of life. - **TKA – Total Knee Arthroplasty**: Replacement of the knee joint with artificial implants. Used for end-stage arthritis or deformity. Restores function and reduces pain. - **TSA – Total Shoulder Arthroplasty**: Replacement of the shoulder joint with prosthesis. Improves motion and relieves pain. Used for arthritis or severe fractures. - **RSA – Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty**: Shoulder replacement where ball and socket are reversed. Provides stability when rotator cuff is deficient. Useful in complex shoulder conditions. - **DFR – Distal Femoral Replacement**: Prosthetic replacement of lower femur. Used in severe fractures or tumors. Restores knee joint stability and function. ### Neuro & Physical Exam Terms - **DTR – Deep Tendon Reflexes**: Involuntary muscle contractions when tendon is tapped. Used to assess nerve and spinal cord function. Commonly tested in knees and ankles. - **SILT – Sensation Intact to Light Touch**: Exam finding documenting preserved skin sensation. Indicates intact nerve function. Common in trauma assessments. - **AIN – Anterior Interosseous Nerve**: Branch of the median nerve controlling thumb/index finger flexion. Injury causes weakness in pinch grip. Tested with “OK sign.” - **PIN – Posterior Interosseous Nerve**: Branch of the radial nerve controlling finger extension. Injury causes finger drop. Often injured in forearm trauma. ### Motion & Weight Bearing - **FROM – Full Range of Motion**: Joint can move normally in all planes. Indicates absence of stiffness or contracture. Often documented in rehab notes. - **PROM – Passive Range of Motion**: Movement performed by examiner without patient effort. Tests joint flexibility and stiffness. Important in rehab and post-op recovery. - **AROM – Active Range of Motion**: Movement performed by patient voluntarily. Assesses muscle strength and function. Limited in cases of weakness or pain. - **NWB – Non-Weight Bearing**: Patient must not put weight on injured limb. Requires crutches, walker, or wheelchair. Standard after major fractures or surgery. - **PWB – Partial Weight Bearing**: Patient may put limited weight on limb. Usually specified as percentage (e.g., 25%). Step-down progression in rehab. - **TTWB – Toe Touch Weight Bearing**: Only toes lightly touch the ground for balance. No real weight through limb. Transition stage before partial weight bearing. - **FFWB – Foot Flat Weight Bearing**: Patient may rest entire foot but not load limb. Intermediate between TTWB and PWB. Used for gradual progression. - **WBAT – Weight Bearing as Tolerated**: Patient bears as much weight as comfortable. Limited only by pain. Common after stable fracture fixation. ### Trauma & Mechanism - **APC – Anterior Posterior Compression**: Pelvic fracture pattern from front-to-back force. Causes pelvic instability and bleeding risk. Often from high-energy trauma. - **LC – Lateral Compression**: Pelvic fracture pattern from side-to-side force. Stability varies with severity. Common in vehicle or crush injuries. - **GLF – Ground-Level Fall**: Fall from standing height. Common cause of hip and wrist fractures in elderly. Often signals osteoporosis or frailty. - **GSW – Gunshot Wound**: Penetrating trauma from firearm. May involve bone, nerves, and vessels. Requires multidisciplinary care. ### Materials ## Provider & Professional Acronyms ### Physicians - **MD – Doctor of Medicine**: Completed allopathic medical training. Focuses on traditional biomedical model. Trained in surgery, prescribing, and full scope practice. - **DO – Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine**: Completes same training as MD with additional focus on holistic care and musculoskeletal system. Uses osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT). Licensed for full practice in the U.S. ### Additional Physician Types - **PA-C – Physician Assistant, Certified**: Graduate-level medical provider trained in diagnosis, treatment, and minor surgery. Works under physician supervision. Can prescribe medication. - **NP – Nurse Practitioner**: Advanced practice registered nurse with graduate-level training. Provides diagnosis, treatment, and prescribing. Often emphasizes preventive and holistic care. - **DNP – Doctor of Nursing Practice**: Highest clinical degree for nursing. Focuses on leadership, evidence-based practice, and advanced clinical skills. Functions as an NP with expanded academic training. ### Nursing & Allied Health - **RN – Registered Nurse**: Provides patient care, medication administration, and coordination. Licensed after nursing degree and national exam. Backbone of hospital and surgical teams. - **LPN – Licensed Practical Nurse**: Provides basic patient care under RN supervision. Training shorter than RN. Common in rehab and outpatient settings. - **CNA – Certified Nursing Assistant**: Assists patients with daily living tasks. Works under nurses’ supervision. Provides vital bedside support. - **CRNA – Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist**: Advanced practice nurse specializing in anesthesia. Provides anesthesia independently or with anesthesiologists. Critical in surgery and trauma care. ### Therapy & Rehabilitation - **PT – Physical Therapist**: Doctorate-level provider specializing in mobility, strength, and rehab. Designs exercise programs for recovery. Critical after surgery or injury. - **DPT – Doctor of Physical Therapy**: Doctoral degree in physical therapy (entry-level in U.S.). Focuses on evidence-based rehab care. Equivalent to PT but emphasizes doctoral training. - **OT – Occupational Therapist**: Helps patients regain independence in daily activities. Focuses on upper extremity function and adaptive strategies. Important post-surgery or after injury. - **COTA – Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant**: Works under OT supervision. Delivers therapy exercises and training. Provides hands-on patient support. - **ATC – Athletic Trainer, Certified**: Specializes in sports medicine, injury prevention, and rehab. Works with athletes and orthopaedic teams. Provides on-field and clinical support. ### Surgical & Training Roles - **FA – First Assistant**: Assists primary surgeon with exposure, suturing, and technical tasks. Can be physician, PA, or NP. Enhances operative efficiency. - **SA – Surgical Assistant**: Supports surgeon intraoperatively with retraction, suction, and prep. May be trained staff or non-physician. Distinct from scrub nurse. - **PGY-# – Post-Graduate Year**: Indicates level of residency training. Example: PGY-3 = third-year resident. Determines experience and role in surgery. - **MS4 – Fourth-Year Medical Student**: Final year before graduation from medical school. May assist in surgery under supervision. Limited responsibilities compared to residents. ### Certifications - **FAAOS – Fellow of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons**: Prestigious membership after board certification in orthopaedics. Indicates commitment to education and peer standards. Recognized globally in orthopaedics. - **FACS – Fellow of the American College of Surgeons**: Designation for surgeons meeting rigorous professional standards. Shows commitment to ethical and skilled surgical practice. Used across multiple specialties. **Categories:** News, Patient Information **Tags:** acronyms, Conditions, Procedures --- ### [Elbow Tendinopathy: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/elbow-tendinopathy-causes-symptoms-and-treatments/) **Published:** November 1, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Elbow Tendinopathy: What It Is and How We Treat It at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Elbow tendinopathy is a common overuse injury that causes pain and tenderness in the tendons around the elbow. It happens when these tendons—connecting muscle to bone—become irritated from repeated stress. In this blog, you’ll find simple home treatments that can help relieve symptoms and learn when it’s time to see a specialist. --- ### Quick overview We’ll cover what causes elbow tendinopathy, the differences between lateral and medial types, practical home care tips, rehab strategies like strengthening and stretching, and when injections or surgery might be needed. ![Close up of woman holding elbow from pain caused by elbow tendinopathy.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/shutterstock_2486529725-1024x599.jpg "closeup,of,arm,with,elbow,pain.,tennis,elbow,,golf,elbow - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Is Elbow Tendinopathy? Elbow tendinopathy is an overuse condition where the tendons around your elbow become irritated. Tendons connect muscles to bone, and when they’re overloaded they can be painful and tender. There are two common forms. Lateral elbow tendinopathy affects the outer elbow and is often called tennis elbow. Medial elbow tendinopathy affects the inner elbow and is often called golfer's elbow. Both share similar causes and treatments. ## What Causes Elbow Tendinopathy? Repeated or forceful wrist and arm motions are the usual culprits. These motions create small tears and inflammation in the tendon where it attaches to the bone. - Repeated gripping or twisting of the wrist - Working with vibrating tools or heavy lifting - Poor technique in sports or tasks that load the forearm - Weakness in the wrist or shoulder that shifts stress to the elbow ## Simple Steps You Can Try at Home Many people feel better with early conservative care. Try these measures for several weeks while monitoring symptoms. - Modify activities that cause pain and avoid repetitive motions when possible - Ice the area for 10 to 15 minutes every few hours to reduce pain and swelling - Use over the counter anti inflammatory medication if it’s safe for you and your doctor agrees - Wear a counterforce strap or supportive brace during aggravating activities ## Rehabilitation: Exercises and Therapy Physical therapy is the mainstay for lasting relief. A therapist will show you targeted exercises to rebuild tendon health and correct movement patterns. - Eccentric strengthening of the wrist extensor or flexor muscles helps rebuild tendon tolerance - Grip strengthening and progressive loading programs are used once pain improves - Stretching and manual therapy help reduce tightness in the forearm and shoulder ## Other Medical Treatments If symptoms persist despite conservative care, your provider may discuss additional options. These are considered after a careful evaluation. - Corticosteroid injections may offer short term relief in select cases, but guidelines warn about potential tendon weakening or rupture with repeated use. A careful, shared decision process helps decide if this option fits your goals and activity level \[AAOS guidelines 2020; NICE guidelines 2021\]. - PRP injections, a type of biologic treatment, may be discussed when appropriate. Current evidence is mixed and appears to depend on the specific tendinopathy and stage of injury; decisions should be individualized based on patient needs \[Cochrane review on PRP for tendinopathy 2019; AAOS guidelines 2020\]. - Surgery is rarely needed and is reserved for persistent tendon damage that affects function ## Recovery Timeline Recovery varies with how long symptoms have been present and how consistently you follow rehab recommendations. StageTypical TimeframeWhat to ExpectAcute1 to 3 weeksRest, ice, activity modification bring notable reliefRehab4 to 8 weeksTherapy and strengthening restore function for most peopleChronic2 months or longerMay need advanced treatments and extended rehab for full recovery ## Preventing Recurrence Once your pain improves, keep working on strength, flexibility, and technique. Those steps reduce the chance that tendinopathy will come back. - Practice ergonomic changes at work and during activities - Use proper form for sports and lifting - Build balanced strength in the forearm, shoulder, and core - Gradually increase activity load rather than jumping back in too fast ## When You Should See Us Contact our team if pain lasts despite home care, limits your daily tasks, or if you’re losing strength. We’ll evaluate your elbow, identify the root cause, and recommend a personalized plan. Schedule an exam with one of our sports medicine doctors or physical therapists to get targeted treatment and a clear recovery plan. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Elbow, News **Tags:** Elbow, Elbow pain, Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic --- ### [Understanding and Managing Hand Cramps: Relief and Prevention](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-and-managing-hand-cramps-relief-and-prevention/) **Published:** September 16, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Understanding and Managing Hand Cramps --- ### Quick overview Hand cramps are sudden, involuntary squeezes of the muscles in your hand or fingers. They can happen during activity or at rest and often respond to simple measures, but sometimes they point to an underlying issue that needs professional care. ## What Are Hand Cramps? A hand cramp is a tight, often painful contraction of one or more hand muscles that you cannot relax immediately. They usually happen without warning and can last from a few seconds to several minutes. - Squeezing or knotting feeling in the palm or fingers - Difficulty opening the hand while the muscle is tight - Sometimes a visible twitch or hard lump under the skin ![woman grasps right hand with left as she suffers from a hand cramp.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/broken-hand-cramp-closeup-shot-of-suffering-beaut-2025-03-10-18-19-17-utc-1024x683.jpg "broken hand cramp. closeup shot of suffering beautiful young asian woman touching massaging painful hand wrist at home interior living room. injuries poor health illness concept. cool offer banner - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Common Triggers for Hand Cramps Several everyday factors can make hand cramps more likely. Often more than one factor is involved. - Muscle overuse from repetitive tasks like typing, sewing, or gripping tools - Muscle fatigue after unusual or prolonged hand activity - Dehydration or mineral imbalances such as potassium, magnesium, or calcium can contribute in some contexts, but not all cramps require supplementation - Nerve irritation or compression in the wrist or forearm - Certain medications or medical conditions that affect nerves or muscles ## What a Hand Cramp Feels Like Hand cramps can vary from a mild tightness to a painful spasm. They may affect one finger, several fingers, or the whole hand. Symptoms often come on suddenly and can interfere with normal hand use until the muscle relaxes. - Sharp or aching pain during the spasm - Stiffness or reduced grip strength afterwards - Occasional tingling if a nerve is involved ## Immediate Steps to Ease a Cramp If a cramp starts, try these simple measures to help the muscle relax. These steps are safe for most people and often work quickly. - Stop the activity that triggered it and gently stretch the affected finger or hand - Massage the tight muscle using light pressure to increase blood flow - Apply a warm compress if the muscle feels tight, or cold if there is sharp pain after activity - Drink water; if dehydration or electrolyte imbalance is suspected, seek clinician guidance and appropriate testing; routine potassium or magnesium supplementation for isolated hand cramps is not universally recommended - Try shaking your hand or opening and closing the fingers slowly to help the spasm pass **Note:** If cramps happen frequently, or are severe, it is important to get a medical review to find the cause. ## Longer Term Strategies to Prevent Recurrence Preventing hand cramps often means addressing how you use your hands and caring for overall muscle and nerve health. Small daily changes can reduce episodes significantly. - Take regular short breaks during repetitive tasks to rest and stretch - Use ergonomic tools and adjust your workspace to reduce strain on the wrist and hand - Strengthen hand and forearm muscles with guided exercises if recommended by a therapist - Stay hydrated and eat a balanced diet that includes minerals important for muscle function - Consider splinting at night if cramps wake you from sleep or if a nerve problem is suspected ## When to See a Doctor See a clinician if cramps are persistent, frequent, worsening, occur at rest without clear triggers, or are accompanied by numbness and weakness. Those signs may indicate a nerve or systemic issue that needs evaluation. ### Who Can Help SpecialistWhen to ChooseNotesPrimary Care ProviderFirst evaluation, blood tests, medication reviewGood starting point to rule out common causesOrthopaedic Hand SpecialistSuspected structural or nerve problems in the hand or wristCan order imaging and advanced hand examsPhysical or Occupational TherapistRehabilitation, stretching, strengthening, ergonomicsHelps correct movement patterns and build hand enduranceNeurologistFrequent cramps with weakness or other neurological signsAssesses nerve disorders and coordination ## Treatment Options Your Specialist May Discuss Treatment depends on the cause. Many people improve with conservative measures. In select cases, targeted therapies may be recommended. - Activity modification and ergonomic changes - Guided hand and forearm exercise programs with a therapist - Medication review and correction of electrolyte or metabolic issues - Botulinum toxin injections are not standard for routine hand cramps. They are generally considered only in rare focal dystonias or specific nerve related conditions, and carry risks such as focal weakness ![hand stretching to prevent hand cramps](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/shutterstock_2155509395-1024x521.jpg "hand,and,wrist,stretching,drawing - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Simple Hand Stretches You Can Try These gentle stretches may reduce tightness and build resilience. Stop if they cause sharp pain and check with a clinician if you have an injury. - Finger extension: gently bend the fingers back with the other hand and hold for 15 to 30 seconds - Thumb stretch: pull the thumb away from the palm and hold for 15 seconds - Wrist flexor stretch: straighten the arm, bend the wrist down with the palm facing out, and hold ## How Long Until I Feel Better? Recovery varies by cause and how soon you begin appropriate care. Many people improve within days when the issue is temporary. If cramps come from nerve compression or a chronic condition, recovery may take weeks to months with therapy and targeted treatment. Typical PatternTimeframeWhat HelpsAcute, activity relatedDays to weeksRest, hydration, stretchingRecurrent with overuseSeveral weeksErgonomic changes, therapyNerve-related (peripheral nerve compression) or other nerve-related causesWeeks to monthsSpecialist evaluation and targeted care ## Living With Occasional Hand Cramps Most people can manage occasional cramps with simple self-care and small changes to daily routines. If cramps limit your work or hobbies, we can help find the right plan so you can stay active and comfortable. If your cramps are persistent or troubling, schedule an exam with one of our hand specialists. We will review your history, examine your hand, and recommend tests or therapy if needed. Together we will create a plan tailored to your needs. > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) **Categories:** News, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Hand, Orthopaedic, Princeton Orthopaedic --- ### [Understanding A Torn Meniscus](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-a-torn-meniscus/) **Published:** October 1, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Torn Meniscus: What It Is, How It Happens, and How We Treat It Understand what a meniscus tear is, the symptoms to watch for, how it’s diagnosed, and available treatment options. Learn when it’s best to see a specialist and what recovery typically involves so you can make informed decisions about your knee health. ![a,man,having,knee,patellofemoral,pain,syndrome](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/poa-meniscus-3-2025.jpg "a,man,having,knee,patellofemoral,pain,syndrome - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") A torn meniscus is a common knee injury that affects the cartilage pads that cushion your thigh bone and shin bone. You may get one from twisting your knee during sports or from gradual wear as you get older. Symptoms and treatments vary, and we walk through what you can expect at each step. --- ### Quick Facts You Should Know - Your **menisci** are C shaped cartilage pads that help absorb shock and stabilize the knee. - **Tears** can occur suddenly with a twist or develop slowly from degeneration. - Common **symptoms** include pain, swelling, catching or locking, and difficulty fully straightening the knee. - **Treatment** ranges from rest and physical therapy to arthroscopic surgery depending on the tear and your goals. - Young people often have traumatic tears from sports. - Older adults may have degenerative tears that happen with everyday activities. - Some tears can heal with nonoperative care; others need repair or trimming. - We focus on restoring function so you can return to the activities you enjoy. ![meniscal,tear.,knee,anatomy.,close up,of,torn,meniscus,and,cartilage](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/shutterstock_2497592525-1-1024x713.jpg "meniscal,tear.,knee,anatomy.,close up,of,torn,meniscus,and,cartilage - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")The menisci are rubbery wedges of cartilage that sit between your femur and tibia. They help spread load across the knee joint, absorb shock, and add stability when you twist or change direction. When a meniscus tears, the knee loses some of that cushioning. That can cause pain with activity, swelling, and catching sensations. Over time, untreated problems can change how the joint wears, which may increase the risk of arthritis for some people. ## What a Meniscus Tear May Feel Like - Pain along the joint line, often on the inside or outside of the knee. - Swelling that can appear right away or develop over 24 to 48 hours. - A catching, locking, or a sense that the knee gives way. - Tenderness when pressing along the joint line. - Limited ability to fully straighten the knee. - Pain that increases with twisting or squatting motions. ## Common Ways Meniscus Tears Occur Tears usually come from one of two patterns. Younger people often tear their meniscus during a forceful twist, pivot, or tackle. Older adults may develop a tear from gradual wear as the cartilage weakens with age. - Traumatic injury during sports or a fall. - Twisting the knee while the foot is planted. - Degenerative changes that make the meniscus fragile over time. - Repetitive squatting or kneeling that stresses the cartilage. ## How We Diagnose a Meniscus Tear We start with a focused history and knee exam. Certain exam maneuvers help us identify likely meniscal problems, and we check for swelling, range of motion, and mechanical symptoms. If we need to confirm the diagnosis or plan treatment, imaging such as MRI is often helpful because it shows soft tissue details. X rays can rule out arthritis or bone issues. ![new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates pa 2024 67](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/New-Jersey-Orthopedics-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-PA-2024-67-1024x683.jpg "new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates pa 2024 67 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treatment Options: What to Expect Treatment depends on your symptoms, the tear type and location, your age, and your activity goals. We focus on relieving pain, restoring function, and protecting long term joint health. ### Nonoperative Care - Rest, ice, compression, and elevation to control pain and swelling. - Anti inflammatory medication if appropriate and recommended by your provider. - Physical therapy to strengthen muscles around the knee and improve movement patterns. - Activity modification to avoid motions that make symptoms worse while you recover. ### Procedures and Surgery If symptoms persist or there is a mechanical block in the knee, we may recommend arthroscopic surgery. Two common approaches are meniscal repair and partial meniscectomy. - Meniscal repair aims to sew the torn pieces back together when healing potential is good. It preserves meniscus tissue and helps protect the joint long term. - Partial meniscectomy trims the damaged portion when repair is not possible. This often reduces symptoms quickly but removes some cushioning. ## Typical Recovery Timelines Recovery varies based on the treatment chosen and the tear itself. Below are common timelines to help set expectations. TreatmentUsual RecoveryNotes**Conservative care**Several weeks to a few monthsMany people improve with therapy and activity changes.**Partial meniscectomy**4 to 8 weeks for many daily activitiesReturn to sports may be faster but depends on rehab and surgeon guidance.**Meniscal repair**3 to 6 monthsRequires protected rehab to allow healing of the repaired tissue. ## When You Should See a Specialist - If your knee locks or you can not fully straighten it. - If swelling or pain does not improve with a few weeks of rest and therapy. - If you have persistent instability or can not return to your normal activities. ### Who to see at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates SpecialtyWhen to ChooseRoleSports MedicineAcute injuries and nonoperative careDiagnosis, rehab planning, and nonsurgical managementOrthopedic Surgeon (Knee)Persistent symptoms or mechanical problemsDiscuss surgical options and perform arthroscopy when neededPhysical TherapyRecovery after injury or surgeryHands on care and guided strengthening to restore function ## Simple Steps to Reduce Your Risk - Keep leg muscles strong, especially your quadriceps and hamstrings. - Practice balance and agility drills to reduce awkward twists. - Use proper footwear and replace shoes when they wear out. - Warm up before activity and avoid sudden increases in activity level. If you want help protecting your knee or recovering from a meniscus tear, schedule an exam with one of our specialists. We personalize care so you can get back to your life with confidence. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Joint Care, Knee, News **Tags:** injured meniscus, Knee Pain, meniscus surgery, torn knee, Torn Meniscus --- ### [Why Does My Knee Pop? Common Causes of Knee Pain.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/why-does-my-knee-pop-common-causes-of-knee-pain/) **Published:** September 10, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 12](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-12-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Why Does My Knee Pop? Common Causes and When to Get Help Learn why knees sometimes pop, when it’s usually harmless, and when it may signal a problem. Common causes include gas bubbles or tendons snapping, but popping can also point to joint issues. Explore simple at-home steps that may help, and know when it’s time to see a clinician. If you hear occasional popping without pain, it is usually not serious. But if popping comes with pain, swelling, instability, or locking, you should seek evaluation so we can find the cause and plan treatment. --- ### Quick Overview: What This Post Covers - What makes knees pop. - How to tell harmless popping from trouble. - Simple self-care and when to see a specialist. - Tests and treatments your clinician may use. - How we approach diagnosis and recovery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. ![dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 9 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_John_Turner-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-9-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 9 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Common, Usually Harmless Causes of Knee Popping Sometimes popping is simply noise from normal joint movement. A few common benign reasons include: - Gas bubbles forming and popping inside the joint fluid, which can create a cracking sound - Tendons or ligaments snapping briefly as they shift over bone when the joint moves - Rough surfaces rubbing in a joint with age-related wear; osteoarthritis can also have inflammatory flares and management depends on symptoms and function Painless popping alone is not known to cause arthritis; however, if popping is accompanied by pain, swelling, instability, or limits on function, you should have it evaluated. ## When Popping May Mean a Problem Popping that comes with other symptoms may point to an underlying injury. Watch for these signs: - Sharp or persistent pain at the time of popping - Visible swelling or the knee feeling hot - A feeling that the knee gives way, locks, or will not fully bend or straighten - Pain or instability that limits walking or daily activities Those symptoms suggest we should examine the joint to look for cartilage injuries, meniscal tears, ligament strain, loose fragments, or significant joint inflammation. ![new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 71](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/New-Jersey-Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapists-71-1024x683.jpg "new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 71 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Emergency or Urgent Signs If any of the following occur after a pop, get urgent or emergency care rather than waiting for a routine appointment: - A loud pop during an injury followed by immediate swelling and inability to bear weight - Visible deformity or suspected patellar dislocation - The knee is locked and you cannot fully straighten it - true mechanical locking - Severe pain after trauma or when a fracture is suspected - A hot, very painful swollen knee with fever or chills, or a swollen painful knee in someone who is immunocompromised - possible septic arthritis ## What Might Be Causing Painful Popping? Several common issues can cause painful popping. These include damage to soft tissues, cartilage problems, and mechanical irritation around the joint. - Meniscal tears. A torn meniscus can catch or lock and may produce a pop with pain. - Ligament sprains. A sudden twist or direct blow can cause ligament stretching and an audible pop. - Patellar tracking issues and patellar instability or dislocation. If the kneecap moves unevenly or subluxes, you may feel or hear snapping and experience pain. - Loose bodies or osteochondral injury. Cartilage or bone fragments can catch in the joint and cause painful popping or locking. - Cartilage wear. As cartilage thins with age or injury, joint surfaces can make noise and become painful. ## How We Evaluate Popping Knees Your clinician will take a careful history and perform a focused exam to check motion, stability, and areas of tenderness. That helps narrow down likely causes. Imaging and tests are selected based on the history and exam. X-rays are often first-line after trauma to assess for fracture and alignment; X-rays do not show soft tissues. MRI is ordered when the exam or history suggest soft tissue injury such as meniscus or ligament tears, cartilage damage, or when mechanical symptoms persist. Ultrasound can be useful for dynamic snapping and for evaluating superficial tendon or bursal problems. TestWhat it showsX-rayBone alignment, fracture, and evidence of arthritis; does not show soft tissuesMRISoft tissues like meniscus, ligaments, and cartilage; used when exam or history suggest soft tissue injury or persistent mechanical symptomsUltrasoundTendon or bursa irritation near the knee and useful for dynamic snapping ## At-home Steps You Can Try First If popping is mild and not accompanied by the concerning signs above, try conservative care while watching symptoms. Small changes often help. - Rest from the activity that triggers the sound for a few days - Ice the area for 10 to 15 minutes if there is pain or swelling - Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may reduce pain; avoid NSAIDs if you have a history of gastrointestinal ulcers or bleeding, kidney disease, are taking blood thinners, are in late pregnancy, or have an NSAID allergy. If NSAIDs are not appropriate, consider acetaminophen after checking with your provider - Start gentle strengthening and mobility work for hips, quads, and hamstrings; a physical therapist can guide this ## When You Should Schedule an Exam Contact us for an evaluation if you have persistent pain, swelling, catching or locking, repeated giving way, or if symptoms prevent daily tasks. Early assessment helps us treat the cause and reduce the chance of longer term issues. ### Who to See at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates SpecialtyWhy you would see themSports MedicineNon surgical evaluation for tendon, ligament, and meniscal problemsOrthopaedic SurgeonPersistent mechanical symptoms or when surgery may be neededPhysical TherapistRehabilitation to improve strength, control, and movement patterns ## What to Expect from Treatment Treatment depends on the diagnosis. Many causes improve with a planned rehab program that reduces pain, restores motion, and strengthens supporting muscles. When structural damage is severe, surgical options may be discussed. - Conservative care first: activity modification, medication, targeted therapy - Procedures: injections may help for persistent inflammation - Surgery: reserved for clear mechanical problems or unresolving structural injury If you want to discuss symptoms, we make it easy to schedule an exam. A focused visit helps us determine what is normal and what needs treatment so you can get back to your routine with confidence. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Knee, News, Sports Medicine **Tags:** Conditions, Knee Doctor, Knee Orthopaedics, Knee Popping, Sports Medicine --- ### [Understanding Over-the-Counter Pain Relievers: Tylenol, Advil & Aleve](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-over-the-counter-pain-relievers-tylenol-advil-aleve/) **Published:** September 14, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ## Understanding Tylenol, Advil, and Aleve: A Parent’s Guide ***A Quick Note: When it comes to over-the-counter medicine, we highly encourage you to talk to your doctor about what you are using or plan to use. It's not a good idea to take advice about medicine on the internet without consulting a medical professional. The information here is designed to give you a great overview of the differences, the main effects, and why or how they work. This is not intended to replace actual medical advice!*** --- ![image,of,blue,pills,on,a,isolated,blue,background.,blue](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/POA-Medicine-graphic.jpg "image,of,blue,pills,on,a,isolated,blue,background.,blue - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")When your child has pain or a fever, it’s common to reach for over-the-counter medicine. But which one is best—Tylenol, Advil, or Aleve? Each works differently in the body, has different age guidelines, and comes with important safety points. This guide walks you through what each option does, how long it lasts, and when it may be appropriate so you can make the safest choice. ### Key Differences at a Glance BrandActive IngredientCategoryMain EffectsTylenolAcetaminophenAnalgesic / AntipyreticReduces pain and fever, but not inflammationAdvil / MotrinIbuprofenNSAIDReduces pain, fever, and inflammationAleveNaproxenNSAIDReduces pain, fever, and inflammation; lasts longer per doseBoth Advil and Aleve are NSAIDs, which are especially helpful when swelling is part of the problem. Tylenol is not an NSAID, but it’s effective for lowering fever and easing pain without affecting inflammation. ## Age Guidelines and Surgery Considerations - **Tylenol** can be used in infants (consult a doctor for recommended dose), and in most cases it may be given up until the time of surgery unless your surgeon advises otherwise. - **Advil** is not recommended for children younger than 6 months. Families should follow their surgeon’s guidance on timing before surgery—many ask families to stop ibuprofen about 3 days beforehand, but instructions can vary. - **Aleve** (OTC naproxen) isn’t recommended for children under 12 unless a clinician specifically advises it. Prescription naproxen may sometimes be used for pediatric conditions under physician supervision. ## Safety Tips Every Parent Should Follow - **Always measure carefully.** Use the provided cup, dropper, or syringe. Kitchen spoons are not accurate. - **Check every label.** Many cold or flu medicines already include acetaminophen or an NSAID. Doubling up can cause harm. - **Keep a log.** Writing down the time of each dose helps prevent giving medicine too soon. - **Consider health conditions.** If your child has liver disease, consult their clinician before giving acetaminophen; it’s contraindicated in severe or active liver disease. Children with kidney or stomach issues may need to avoid NSAIDs. - **Stay hydrated.** Ibuprofen and naproxen are not recommended if your child is dehydrated because of the risk to the kidneys. - **Store medicines safely.** Keep them in original containers, out of reach, with caps closed tightly. ## Which One Should You Choose? If your child has swelling from an injury, an NSAID like Advil or Aleve may help. If you’re treating pain or fever without swelling, Tylenol is often a safe choice. Some families alternate Tylenol with an NSAID to avoid exceeding safe limits for either drug, but this should only be done under your doctor’s guidance. ## When to See an Orthopaedic Specialist - Pain lasts for more than a few days or keeps returning. - You notice swelling, warmth, or stiffness in a joint. - Your child avoids using the limb or can’t put weight on it. - Over-the-counter medicine doesn’t improve symptoms. Our team can help you understand what’s behind the pain, make safe choices about medicines, and design a plan that includes activity, rest, and recovery strategies. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News **Tags:** aleve, tylenol, Understanding pain relievers --- ### [Your Shin Pain Might Be Shin Splints](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/your-shin-pain-might-be-shin-splints/) **Published:** August 26, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## That Aching or Sharp Pain in Your Shin Might Be Shin Splints Whether you’re just trying to stay active, chasing after your kids, or if it's your teen pushing through practices and games, shin splints can stop you in your tracks. That aching, sometimes sharp pain along the front of the leg isn’t only for athletes running marathons, it’s surprisingly common in everyday life. Kids in fall sports like soccer, football, and cross-country often run into it, but parents and adults who spend long hours on their feet or squeeze in workouts can feel it too. What starts as a dull soreness after activity can quickly turn into a daily frustration, making simple things like walking, climbing stairs, or enjoying playtime harder than they should be. Shin splints don’t just interrupt sports; they interrupt life. This post explains what causes shin splints, how they feel, how we diagnose them, and practical steps you can take to feel better. We cover common triggers, home care, when to see a specialist, and what recovery usually looks like. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 40](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-40-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 40 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### What this article will help you understand You’ll learn why shin splints happen, what symptoms to watch for, which everyday habits make them worse, and how we at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates approach treatment and recovery. ## What Are Shin Splints? Shin splints is a common name for pain along the shin bone that starts with activity. Classic shin splints most commonly refer to medial tibial stress syndrome, or MTSS, which presents as a diffuse aching along the posteromedial, or inner, border of the lower tibia near the distal half of the shin. Persistent pain over the front of the shin is less typical for MTSS and may indicate a tibial stress fracture or exertional compartment syndrome, so those symptoms should be evaluated. MTSS is not just simple surface inflammation. It sits on a bone stress continuum where repeated overload affects the tibial cortex and the periosteum, and traction from muscles such as the soleus and tibialis posterior contributes to symptoms. We keep explanations simple but want you to know the pain often reflects mechanical overload of bone and the tissues attached to it. ![shin splints](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/Shin-Splints.png "shin splints - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## How Shin Splints Typically Feel Symptoms of shin splints usually start as a dull, aching pain along the inner edge of the lower leg, often felt during activity and easing with rest early on. The pain typically covers a broader segment along the posteromedial tibia rather than a single sharp spot. - Tenderness when you press along the shin, usually over a longer segment along the inner border - A dull, aching pain during or after exercise that may improve with rest at first - Visible swelling is uncommon in shin splints; marked swelling should prompt evaluation for other causes - Pain that gets worse if activity continues without change By contrast, a tibial stress fracture more often causes focal point tenderness, a small spot that is exquisitely painful to press. Exertional compartment syndrome may produce tightness, cramping, numbness, or weakness during activity. If your pain is sharp, highly localized, wakes you at night, or makes it hard to walk, see a clinician promptly to check for these possibilities. ## Common Causes and Who’s at Risk Shin splints come from repetitive stress on the lower leg. You don’t have to be a runner to get them; they happen with many forms of exercise and work that increase load on the shin. - Sudden increases in training distance, speed, or duration - Starting a new activity without gradually building up - Running on hard or uneven surfaces - Worn or unsupportive shoes - Flat feet, high arches, or poor foot mechanics - Tight calf muscles or weak muscles that stabilize the ankle and foot ## How We Confirm the Diagnosis Diagnosis starts with a careful history and a physical exam. We check the pattern of pain, how it changes with activity, and look at your foot and ankle mechanics. The exam helps distinguish shin splints from a focal stress fracture or from exertional compartment syndrome. If needed, imaging can help rule out a stress fracture or other conditions when symptoms are severe, very focal, or not improving with appropriate rest. X-rays are often the first test but can be normal early on. If concern persists, an MRI is more sensitive and can confirm a bone stress injury. ![shin splint treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/Shin-Splint-Treatment-683x1024.png "shin splint treatment - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Treatment You Can Start at Home - Rest from the activity that worsens pain until symptoms improve - Ice the painful area for 15 to 20 minutes several times a day - Use over-the-counter pain relievers only as your clinician recommends. If a stress fracture is suspected, for example if you have night or rest pain, focal bony tenderness, or pain with hopping, avoid NSAIDs and consider acetaminophen until you are evaluated - Try low-impact cross-training like swimming or cycling while you recover Gently stretching tight calves and working on ankle mobility can help. Do not push through sharp pain during exercises. If symptoms suggest a stress fracture or compartment syndrome, stop the aggravating activity and seek evaluation. ## Hands-on Care and Rehab If symptoms persist, physical therapy is often the next step. A therapist will guide you through strengthening and flexibility work to correct the forces that stress the shin and help you return to activity safely. - Strengthening exercises for the calves, foot muscles, and hips - Progressive return-to-activity plans to avoid re-injury - Gait and footwear assessment, orthotics when appropriate ## How Long Recovery Usually Takes Recovery time varies based on severity and how quickly you address the cause. The table below gives a general idea. SeverityTypical RecoveryNotes**Mild**2 to 4 weeksRelative rest, icing, and gradual return usually helps.**Moderate**4 to 8 weeksOften needs formal rehab and footwear changes.**Severe or Persistent**8 weeks or moreMay require imaging and a structured rehab plan to avoid stress fracture risk. ## Tips to Prevent Shin Pain from Returning - Increase training load slowly, by no more than 10 percent per week - Choose supportive shoes and replace them when they wear out - Add strength work for calves, hips, and foot muscles - Mix in low-impact cross-training to reduce repetitive stress - Run on softer surfaces when possible and avoid sudden downhill training ## When You Should See a Provider Seek care if pain is severe, gets worse despite rest, or you cannot put weight on the leg. Also see a clinician if pain wakes you at night, if you have marked swelling, or if you have new numbness or weakness. Be alert for signs that need prompt or urgent evaluation, including: - Severe pain or inability to bear weight - Night pain or pain at rest that does not improve - Focal bony tenderness that is very painful to press, or pain with hopping, which may suggest a stress fracture - Escalating tightness in the lower leg during or after activity, new numbness or tingling, increasing weakness, foot drop, or pain that is out of proportion to the findings and does not settle with rest, which could indicate compartment syndrome - Worsening symptoms despite rest and conservative care ### Which Specialist Can Help? SpecialtyWhy You'd See ThemNotes[Sports Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/)Non-surgical diagnosis and treatment of overuse injuriesGood first stop for activity-related shin pain[Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/physical-therapy/)Guided rehabilitation and return-to-activity plansFocuses on strength, flexibility, and movement patterns[Foot and Ankle Specialist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/foot-and-ankle/)When foot mechanics, orthotics, or surgical options are consideredHelpful if foot structure contributes to repeat problems ## Getting Back to Activity Safely Return to activity should be gradual and guided by pain. Increase load slowly and stop if symptoms flare. A simple progression to consider is pain-free walking, then a pain-free single-leg hop, then light jogging. If those steps are comfortable, gradually increase duration and intensity while continuing strengthening and mobility work. If you are unsure whether your pain is caused by shin splints or something more serious, schedule an exam so we can check you and recommend the right next steps. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions **Tags:** Conditions, Shin Splints --- ### [Why Won't My Hand Straighten?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/loss-of-hand-function-hand-wont-straighten-lumps-in-palm/) **Published:** July 18, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Often, it starts subtly. You might notice a small lump in the palm of your hand. It isn’t painful, but it's firm and a little odd. Then you start to notice you're struggling to lay your hand flat on a table, or your fingers don’t extend like they used to when you stretch. Gripping a steering wheel, shaking hands, or even putting gloves on begins to feel different. Over time, one or more of your fingers start to curl inward toward the palm. This is often how Dupuytren's Contracture begins. A subtle, creeping change that slowly starts to change your hand function and your daily routine. ## **What Is Dupuytren's Contracture?** Dupuytren's Contracture is a hand condition where the tissue beneath the skin of your palm thickens and tightens over time. This fibrous tissue, known as fascia, can form cords that pull one or more of your fingers into a bent position. Once a finger is bent, it may not straighten fully, limiting your ability to perform daily activities. Dupuytren's Contracture most commonly effects the ring and little fingers and usually progresses slowly over months or even years. Though not typically painful, it can significantly impact your hand function and quality of life. ## **Symptoms of Dupuytren's Contracture** Symptoms of Dupuytren's Contracture tend to develop gradually. Many people don’t notice anything is wrong until the condition has significantly progressed. - **Nodules**: Small, firm lumps in the palm that may feel tender early on. - **Cords**: Thickened tissue under the skin that may appear like a rope or string pulling the finger down. - **Difficulty with daily tasks**: Trouble placing the hand flat on surfaces, putting on gloves, or shaking hands. - **Contracture**: Fingers, especially the ring and little fingers, begin to bend toward the palm and can’t be fully straightened. ## **Causes of Dupuytren's Contracture** The exact cause of Dupuytren's Contracture is still not fully understood, but several contributing factors are known. It seems to be a combination of genetic and environmental triggers that lead to the thickening of connective tissue in the hand. Contributing factors for developing Dupuytren's Contracture: - **Genetics**: A strong family history suggests a hereditary link. - **Age**: Most common in people over 50. - **Gender**: Men are more likely to develop it than women. - **Ancestry**: People of Northern European descent have a higher risk. - **Lifestyle factors**: Alcohol use and smoking have been linked to increased risk. ## **Can You Prevent Dupuytren's Contracture?** Unfortunately, there is no guaranteed way to prevent Dupuytren's Contracture, especially if you have a strong genetic predisposition. However, managing certain lifestyle choices may help reduce the risk or delay its onset. - **Avoid smoking**: Smoking is linked to blood vessel constriction, which may influence tissue changes. - **Limit alcohol**: Excessive alcohol intake may increase risk. - **Control diabetes**: Dupuytren's is more common in people with diabetes, so maintaining good blood sugar control may help. ## **Is Dupuytren's Contracture Genetic?** Yes, Dupuytren's Contracture is strongly linked to genetics. If you have a family history of the condition, you have a higher chance of developing it. It is often referred to as a hereditary condition, especially prevalent among those of Northern European ancestry. This doesn’t mean you’re guaranteed to develop it, but you may want to keep an eye out for early signs and consult a healthcare provider if you notice symptoms. ![dupuytren's contractuer](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dupuytrens-Contractuer-819x1024.png "dupuytren's contractuer - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **What Helps Dupuytren's Contracture?** While Dupuytren's Contracture cannot be cured entirely, several treatments and management strategies can help maintain hand function and slow progression. - **Stretching and hand therapy**: Gentle exercises may improve flexibility in early stages. - **Splinting**: In some cases, night splints may be recommended to keep fingers extended. - **Steroid injections**: Can reduce inflammation in early stages. ## **How to Treat Dupuytren's Contracture** When the condition begins to interfere with your hand function, more active treatments may be helpful. These treatments for Dupuytren's Contracture can range from minimally invasive procedures to surgery. **Surgery (fasciectomy)**: In more severe cases, the thickened tissue is surgically removed. **Needle aponeurotomy**: A needle is used to break the cords of tissue causing finger contraction. **Enzyme injections (collagenase)**: An enzyme is injected to soften and break down the cords. ## **What Makes Dupuytren's Contracture Worse?** Several factors may accelerate the progression or severity of Dupuytren's Contracture. Understanding these can help you avoid worsening the condition. - **Ignoring symptoms**: Delaying treatment can make eventual correction more difficult. - **Injury to the hand**: Trauma may exacerbate symptoms. - **Smoking and heavy alcohol use**: Both are associated with higher risk and more aggressive progression. ## Do Certain Careers Make Dupuytren's Contracture More Likely? Overuse or certain jobs have *not* been definitively proven to cause Dupuytren’s Contracture. While it might *seem* like repetitive hand use or manual labor is the culprit (especially because many people who do physical work notice the symptoms), research hasn’t confirmed a direct cause-and-effect link. Some people used to think Dupuytren’s Contracture was mostly a problem for manual laborers because of things like hand strain or using vibrating tools. But more recent research shows it can affect anyone, no matter what kind of job they have, even people who work at desks all day. Physical work might make the symptoms show up sooner, but it doesn’t actually cause the condition. If anything, overusing your hands once Dupuytren’s has started might make it worse, but it’s not the root cause. --- ### Meet our [Hand & Wrist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/hand-wrist/) specialists. --- ## **Lifestyle Changes for Dupuytren's Contracture** Making practical adjustments to your daily activities can help you maintain your independence and comfort as you manage Dupuytren's Contracture. - **Modify tools and grips**: Use ergonomic handles and adaptive devices for easier grip. - **Stay active**: Gentle hand stretches and overall fitness support circulation and mobility. - **Monitor for progression**: Regularly assess hand function and stay in touch with a provider. ## **When to See an Orthopedic Hand Specialist for Dupuytren's Contracture** If you notice any signs of finger contracture or thickened tissuein your palm, you should see a hand specialist. Early diagnosis can lead to better treatment outcomes. Signs it’s time to see a specialist: - You can’t lay your hand flat on a table. - You notice visible cords or lumps. - Daily tasks like writing or grasping are becoming difficult. ## **How a Hand Specialist Diagnoses Dupuytren's Contracture** Diagnosis usually involves a physical examination. An orthopaedic hand specialist will assess the flexibility of your fingers and look for nodules or cords in the palm. What the evaluation includes: - **Tabletop test**: You try to lay your hand flat on a table. - **Palpation**: The doctor feels for cords and nodules. - **Range of motion**: They assess how far you can move your fingers. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## **Is Dupuytren's Contracture Treatable?** Yes, while there is no cure, Dupuytren's Contracture is treatable. With appropriate care, many people regain much of their hand function or prevent further deterioration. Early intervention is often key. Treatment outcomes vary based on the severity of the condition and the method used. Some treatments offer lasting relief, while others may need to be repeated. ## **The Future with Dupuytren's Contracture** Living with Dupuytren's Contracture can be manageable with awareness and timely care. Many people continue to live active, fulfilling lives with the help of therapy, medical treatments, and modifications. Emerging therapies and surgical techniques continue to improve outcomes. Stay informed, stay proactive, and don’t hesitate to seek help when changes begin. ## **What Not to Do If You Have Dupuytren's Contracture** Avoiding certain actions can help prevent further damage or worsening of the condition. - **Do not ignore changes**: Early symptoms matter. - **Avoid forceful stretching or self-treatment**: This can injure tissue. - **Don’t skip follow-ups**: Regular monitoring can catch progression early. - **Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol**: Both contribute to worsening the condition. > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand --- ### [Why Does the Outside of My Knee Hurt?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/outside-of-my-knee-hurt-tight-it-band-syndrome/) **Published:** August 8, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Pain On the Outside of Your Knee Could be IT Band Syndrome. You don’t have to be a marathon runner to feel that nagging ache on the outside of your knee. The important thing? It might not actually be your knee. It might be a tight IT band, and unlike joint injuries, it requires a different kind of treatment focused on mobility and muscle balance. Maybe it starts during your daily walk, or when you’re going up stairs. Perhaps it flares up when you get up from your desk or out of the car. It might even wake you up at night, pulsing in your outer thigh or hip, making it impossible to get comfortable. It doesn’t feel like an injury yet, the pain keeps coming back. If this sounds familiar, there’s a good chance your iliotibial band (IT band) is involved. And the condition you might be dealing with is called IT Band Syndrome, a common cause of outer knee and hip pain that affects far more than just athletes. Let’s walk through what’s happening in your body, why it hurts, and most importantly, what you can do to start feeling better. --- ### Here Are The Things You Need to Know About IT Band Syndrome # What You Should Know: --- - Pain on the outsid**e of your knee or thigh** is a common sign of IT Band Syndrome, and it's not just a runner's problem. - You don’t have to be an athlete. Everyday movement, prolonged sitting, or climbing stairs can all trigger symptoms. - The pain is caused by tightness and friction where the IT band rubs against bone near the knee. - Stretching the IT band itself won't solve the issue. Instead, focus on loosening surrounding muscles and improving strength. - Symptoms often show up with walking, going downstairs, or after long periods of inactivity. - The discomfort may travel up to your hip, outer thigh, or glute region, especially when lying on your side. - Causes often include weak glutes or core, poor posture, or worn-out shoes that don’t offer enough support. - Foam rolling can help, but you want to target the glutes, quads, and TFL, not directly on the IT band. - Recovery requires more than rest. Strengthening, mobility work, and correcting how you move are essential. - Seeing a physical therapist can help you address the root cause and get long-term relief. --- ## What Is the IT Band and Why Does It Get Tight? ![what is it band syndrome](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/What-is-IT-Band-Syndrome.png "what is it band syndrome - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") The iliotibial (IT) band is a thick, fibrous band of connective tissue that runs down the outside of your leg, from your hip to just below your knee. Think of it as a support strap that helps stabilize your knee and assist with hip movement. When the IT band gets too tight, often due to repetitive movement, muscle imbalances, or poor posture, it can rub against the bone at the outer knee. This creates irritation, inflammation, and pain, commonly known as IT Band Syndrome (ITBS). And while it’s often associated with athletes, it’s just as common in walkers, desk workers, parents, nurses, retail workers, and anyone who’s on their feet a lot, or not enough. ## What Does IT Band Syndrome Feel Like? ![somptoms of tight it band syndrome symptoms](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/Somptoms-of-Tight-IT-Band-Syndrome-Symptoms.png "somptoms of tight it band syndrome symptoms - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Here are common, real-world symptoms of IT Band Syndrome in everyday life: - Aching or burning pain on the outside of the knee - Tightness or pulling in the outer thigh - Pain or discomfort going up or down stairs - Sharp pain with walking or standing for extended periods - Tenderness at the hip or discomfort when lying on your side - Clicking or snapping near the hip or knee These symptoms often start mild, but become more consistent if left unaddressed. ## What Causes IT Band Syndrome in Non-Athletes? Even without intense training, everyday habits can contribute to ITBS: - Sitting for long periods without movement - Poor posture or weak hip/core muscles - Uneven walking surfaces (like sloped sidewalks or hilly neighborhoods) - Wearing worn-out or unsupportive shoes - Standing or walking with one leg favored over the other - Repetitive daily movement without adequate strength or flexibility ## What Causes IT Band Syndrome in Athletes? While the core problem is the same (tightness and friction along the IT band), athletes often develop ITBS due to training volume and biomechanics. Common athletic triggers include: - Sudden increases in mileage or intensity (especially in runners and cyclists) - Downhill running or running on sloped surfaces - Repetitive activities involving knee flexion and extension - Weakness in hip abductors, glutes, or core stabilizers - Poor running form or gait asymmetries - Worn shoes or improper footwear for training conditions - Overtraining without proper rest and recovery **IT Band Syndrome is common among:** - Distance runners - Cyclists - Soccer and hockey players - HIIT or CrossFit athletes - Skiers or hikers tackling long descents 💡 ***Tip for athletes:*** Strengthen your hips and glutes, cross-train, and make sure your recovery matches your training load . ## Why Is IT Band Pain So Persistent? The IT band isn’t a muscle, it’s actually connective tissue. That means: - You can’t stretch it the same way you stretch a muscle - If surrounding muscles (like glutes and hip flexors) are tight or weak, the IT band picks up the slack - Without correcting imbalances, foam rolling or resting alone won’t fix it Over time, the friction and inflammation can become chronic and much harder to treat. ## How Is IT Band Syndrome Treated? Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, improving mobility, and correcting muscle imbalances. ![it band syndrome treatment tight it band](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/IT-Band-Syndrome-Treatment-Tight-IT-Band-683x1024.png "it band syndrome treatment tight it band - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")✅ Pain Relief & Inflammation Control - Ice the outer knee or thigh for 15–20 minutes at a time - Use anti-inflammatory medication if recommended by your doctor - Avoid repetitive aggravating movements (running, stairs, squatting) ### ✅ Strength & Mobility - Strengthen glutes, hips, and core to support proper leg mechanics - Stretch hip flexors, quads, hamstrings, and TFL - Foam roll the surrounding muscle groups but not directly on the IT band ### ✅ Movement & Habit Adjustments - Improve running or lifting form through coaching or therapy - Modify walking and standing posture - Use ergonomic tools (e.g., standing desks, supportive chairs) - Wear supportive shoes or orthotics if needed ## How Long Does IT Band Syndrome Take to Heal? The length of time to recover from IT Band Syndrome depends on how long you've had symptoms and whether you're treating the root cause: ### Severity ### Recovery Time ### Notes #### Mild 2-3 Weeks Rest and stretching may help quickly if caught early #### Moderate 4-6 Weeks Requires active rehab including movement correction #### Chronic 2+ Months Long-standing tightness or inflammation takes time to unwind ## Everyday Life with IT Band Syndrome IT Band Syndrome doesn't just show up during workouts; it can quietly interfere with our daily routine, mobility, and overall comfort. Without treatment, ITBS can impact your: - Ability to walk, climb stairs, or stand comfortably - Sleep (especially side-sleepers) - Workday (especially for those on their feet) - Confidence in movement and balance - Long-term joint health if compensatory patterns develop And for athletes, it can put your training on pause or create a cycle of recurring injuries. ## Should I See a Doctor for a Tight IT Band? If you have been experiencing symptoms of IT Band Syndrome and you haven't found relief, you should consult with a specialist. Especially if: - The pain has lasted more than a week - You’ve tried rest but symptoms return - You’re changing how you move to avoid pain - You’re unable to stay active or complete daily tasks comfortably At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we have physicians from multiple specialties that can help you get to the root of your tight IT band and help set you off on the path to recovery. #### **[Sports Medicine ](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/)** -Trained to treat soft tissue overuse injuries like ITBS \- Can differentiate between joint issues and soft tissue problems \- Often the best first stop for a non-surgical, comprehensive evaluation #### **[Physiatrist ](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/physiatrists/)** \- Focuses on functional movement and musculoskeletal pain \- Great at managing chronic pain or postural imbalances -Ideal for cases involving compensations, gait issues, or mobility problems #### **[Orthopedic Surgeon ](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/)** \- Best if ITBS has persisted or if you need advanced imaging or diagnostics \- Also helpful if you suspect other structural issues like meniscus, arthritis, or leg length discrepancy **[Physical Therapist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/physical-therapy/)** \- A physical therapist is often the next step after diagnosis for hands-on treatment and long-term recovery. Our specialists will identify the root cause of your tightness, guide you through targeted corrective exercises, and help you improve how you move—not just mask the symptoms. ## Stop Living With IT Band Pain Whether you're training for a race or just trying to get through the workday without pain, IT Band Syndrome can be disruptive, but it's absolutely treatable. The key isn’t just stretching or resting, it's understanding why the IT band is tight and retraining your body to move in a healthier, more balanced way. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Hip, Knee, News, Orthopaedic Conditions **Tags:** Conditions, Hip, IT Band, Knee --- ### [Introducing Prescribe FIT at POA: Empowering You to Take Control of Your Health at Home](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/introducing-prescribe-fit-at-poa-empowering-you-to-take-control-of-your-health-at-home/) **Published:** July 18, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, your journey to better mobility and less pain doesn't end at the clinic doors. We’re thrilled to now offer [Prescribe FIT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/prescribe-fit-virtual-online-lifestyle-coaching/), an innovative, insurance-covered virtual health coaching program that brings real, lasting change right to your home. Whether you’re preparing for surgery, recovering from one, or simply hoping to reduce joint pain and improve your lifestyle, Prescribe FIT was made with you in mind. ## **What Is Prescribe FIT?** Prescribe FIT is more than just a health coaching program; it’s a partnership. You are paired with your own dedicated health coach, who works one-on-one with you to support healthier eating habits, consistent physical activity, and other simple lifestyle changes that can have a significant impact on orthopedic health. This isn’t a one-size-fits-all solution. Your health coach will tailor each step to your unique goals, challenges, and daily routines, helping you stay motivated, on track, and supported every step of the way. ## **Why It Matters for Orthopaedic Health** Musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions like osteoarthritis, back pain, joint injuries, and post-surgical recovery are deeply affected by lifestyle habits. For many patients, weight loss and increased mobility are essential to reducing joint stress and chronic discomfort. With Prescribe FIT, you can: - Alleviate daily joint pain - Improve strength and flexibility - Increase energy and stamina - Support better outcomes before and after surgery - Prevent future orthopedic issues from developing And the best part? You do it all from the comfort of your home, with expert support just a phone call or message away. ## **Covered by Insurance? Yes, Really**! We believe that better health should be accessible to everyone. That’s why Prescribe FIT is covered by Medicare, Medicaid, and most major commercial insurers. Our friendly POA team will help you verify your eligibility and explain any financial responsibilities up front, so you can focus on your health, not the paperwork. ## **Ready to Begin?** If you’ve been told weight loss or lifestyle changes could help your orthopedic condition, but you’re unsure where to start, Prescribe FIT is the perfect place. There’s no pressure, no crash diets, no complicated gym routines. Just real, achievable goals that help you feel better, move better, and live better. At POA, we’re always looking for ways to expand your care beyond the exam room. Prescribe FIT is one more way we’re investing in your long-term wellness, because *how* you heal matters just as much as *where* you heal. Ask your POA provider about Prescribe FIT at your next visit, or [contact us ](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/)today to learn more about enrollment. Let’s take the first step, together. **Categories:** News --- ### [How Do I Tell If I Tore My ACL?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-do-i-tell-if-i-tore-my-acl-tear/) **Published:** July 16, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** # Pain After A Pop In The Knee **An ACL tear typically occurs during sudden pivoting, awkward landings, or stops, which are common in sports such as basketball, soccer, and skiing.** It usually starts with a moment, an awkward pivot during a pickup basketball game, a sudden stop on the soccer field, or landing just slightly wrong after a jump. You might feel a sharp pain, instability, or hear that telltale *pop*. You go down, maybe hoping it’s nothing, but your knee swells, and walking becomes difficult. That’s the moment many athletes, professional, weekend warriors, or even teenagers, begin their journey with an ACL tear. Understanding how to recognize a minor knee issue needing minimal home treatment versus what may be an ACL tear can be critical to the proper treatment and the fastest path to healing. ## **What Is the ACL and Why Does It Matter?** Your knee is one of the most complex joints in your body, and the ACL is one of its most important components. It plays a huge role in keeping your knee stable and allowing you to move with confidence, whether you're sprinting down a field or simply walking downstairs. **The ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) is one of the four major ligaments in your knee, connecting your thigh bone (femur) to your shinbone (tibia). Its job is to stabilize the knee,** especially during rotation, pivoting, and rapid direction changes. That makes it crucial for athletes, but also important for anyone who walks, runs, or climbs stairs. When the ACL tears, it doesn’t heal on its own. And unlike muscles, ligaments don’t regenerate well without surgical reconstruction. ## **ACL Tear Symptoms: What You Might Experience** If you’ve injured your knee and are wondering if it’s your ACL, you’re not alone. Knowing what symptoms to look for can help you decide whether it’s time to see a doctor or get imaging. Here’s what people often report: - **A “popping” sound or sensation** at the moment of injury - **Immediate pain**, sometimes severe enough to stop activity - **Swelling** that begins within a few hours - **Instability or “buckling”**, especially when trying to pivot or walk - **Loss of full range of motion** Some people can walk after an ACL tear, especially once swelling subsides, but the knee often feels unstable. Grade 1 (mild) tears may feel like soreness and instability under stress, but they’re rare. By two weeks post-injury, swelling may reduce, but instability often persists. ![acl tear vs mcl quick snanpshot](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/ACL-tear-vs-MCL-quick-snanpshot-683x1024.png "acl tear vs mcl quick snanpshot - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### ACL Tear vs MCL Tear Recovery Timelines ### ACL Tear Recovery: - **Grade 1 (mild sprain, rare):** Physical therapy, ~4-6 weeks - **Grade 2 (Partial tear):** PT and bracing 3-6 mo - **Grade 3 (Complete tear):** Surgical (ACL reconstruction) 6–12 months before full return to sport ### MCL Tear Recovery: - **Grade 1 (mild, stretching without tearing):** 1–3 weeks - **Grade 2 (moderate, partial tear):** 3–6 weeks with bracing and PT - **Grade 3 (complete):** 6–10 weeks, may involve bracing or rare surgical repair --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- --- ## **ACL vs. MCL: Not All Knee Injuries Are the Same** Knee injuries can be confusing because symptoms often overlap. **The ACL and MCL are two different ligaments with different functions, injury mechanisms, and treatment approaches.** Understanding the difference is critical for proper recovery. Many people confuse ACL and MCL (medial collateral ligament) injuries. Here’s how an ACL tear and MCL tear differ: **ACL Tear**MCL Tear****Location**Inside the knee, centralInside of the knee (medial side)**Mechanism**Pivoting, cutting, or landingDirect blow to outer knee or overstretching**Sound**Often a popLess commonly a pop**Swelling**Fast and significantLess severe swelling**Instability**Knee feels unstable or “gives out”Usually more stiff than unstable**Healing Potential**Does **not** heal on its ownOften heals **without surgery****First-line Treatment**Physical therapy or surgical reconstructionBracing, rest, and physical therapy**Surgery Needed?**Often required in active patientsRarely required (unless Grade 3 + other injuries)**Return to Sport**6–12 months (after reconstruction)4–12 weeks (depending on severity)**Key difference**: An MCL tear can often heal with rest and bracing. An ACL tear usually won’t. ### Can You Tear Both ACL and MCL at Once? Yes, and this is more common than people think, especially in sports injuries. This is called a combined ligament injury and often involves the ACL, MCL, and/or meniscus. These cases require specialized surgical planning and longer rehabilitation timelines, making early diagnosis even more critical. ### How to Know Which One You’ve Injured While some clues (pain location, swelling speed, mechanism) may point toward one ligament over the other, **you cannot reliably self-diagnose an ACL or MCL tear**. Some people with a complete ACL tear are still able to walk or bend their knee, which can be misleading. We recommend consulting one of our sports medicine specialists or an orthopedic knee surgeon as soon as possible. A timely and accurate diagnosis gives you the best chance of a full recovery and of avoiding chronic knee issues. --- ## **Adolescent ACL Tear vs. Adult ACL Tear** When it comes to ACL injuries, age matters. Kids and teens are still growing, and that can make treatment more complicated. What’s best for a 14-year-old soccer player may be very different from what’s recommended for a 30-year-old runner. ACL injuries are increasing in adolescents, especially teenage athletes. The growth plates (areas of developing cartilage near the ends of long bones) in kids add complexity: - **Non-surgical approaches** may be prioritized in younger teens to avoid damaging growth plates. - **Modified surgical techniques** (like physeal-sparing procedures) are used if surgery is necessary. - **Rehabilitation** may need to be longer to protect future growth and return-to-play safely. In adults, decisions are often based on lifestyle, activity level, and degree of instability. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) ## ACL Tear T**reatment Options** Surgery isn't always required for an ACL tear, but it can often be recommended. Once you’ve torn your ACL, the big question is: Do you need surgery? The answer depends on your goals, age, activity level, and the nature of the tear. For some, physical therapy may be enough. For others, reconstruction is the most straightforward path back to full function. Your treatment path is specific to you, and our specialists will build a plan that meets the needs of your injury and desired recovery outcome. ### Non-Surgical ACL Tear Treatment (select cases) Mild (grade 1) sprains may recover within 3–6 weeks with rest and rehab. For: - Low-demand lifestyle (non-athletes) - Partial tears - Older adults - No instability with daily activity Approach: - Activity modification - Physical therapy to strengthen surrounding muscles (especially quads and hamstrings) - Bracing for certain activities ### **Surgical ACL Tear Treatment (Reconstruction)** Surgery may sound intimidating, but for many people, it offers the best chance at regaining full knee stability and returning to high-level physical activity. The procedure is common, safe, and continually improving. Most active individuals, especially athletes or younger patients, choose ACL reconstruction. Here’s how it works: - Torn ACL is replaced with a graft (from your own hamstring, patellar tendon, quadriceps tendon, or a donor). - Surgery is typically minimally invasive (arthroscopic). - Recovery involves 6–12 months of guided physical therapy. Factors influencing surgery: - Presence of other injuries (meniscus tear, cartilage damage) - Age and activity level - Desire to return to sports - Degree of instability ## **What *Not* To Do After an ACL Tear** Sometimes what you *don’t* do is just as important as what you do. The wrong move after an ACL tear can worsen the injury or lead to complications down the line. - **Don’t ignore instability**. Repeated “giving out” episodes can damage the meniscus or cartilage. - **Don’t rush rehab**. Returning to play too soon raises your risk of re-tear (or injuring the other knee). - **Don’t skip the MRI**. X-rays won’t show ligament damage. An MRI is needed to confirm the tear and check for other injuries. - **Don’t rely solely on a knee brace** if you're planning to return to sport, it doesn't replace ligament function. Leaving an ACL tear untreated can lead to further joint damage, including cartilage wear or meniscus tears. ### Can You Still Use Your Knee with a Torn ACL? Some people can still walk, squat, or bend their knee shortly after tearing their ACL. However, without stability, these motions can cause further injury. If you suspect you have an ACL tear we recommend you see a orthopaedic specialist as soon as possible for a comprehensive evaluation. ## **Life After an ACL Tear: Hope, Patience, and Progress** An ACL tear is a detour, not a dead end. With the right care, commitment, and patience, people of all ages get back to running, jumping, and playing, often even better than before. Tearing your ACL can feel like the end of your athletic identity, but it’s not. Thousands of people, from high school athletes to weekend hikers to pro players, successfully return to sports and active lifestyles every year. The key is getting the right diagnosis, choosing the right treatment path for your goals, and committing to smart, structured rehab. ## **Diagnosis: Why You Need a POA Orthopaedic or Sports Medicine Specialist** While some symptoms can help differentiate between the two, it’s extremely difficult to diagnose knee ligament injuries accurately without imaging and specialist assessment. ### Here’s why seeing a POA or orthopedic knee specialist is essential: - **Physical tests** (like Lachman or valgus stress test) must be performed with skill and interpreted in context. - **MRI scans** are required to confirm the exact ligament involved and assess associated injuries (meniscus, cartilage). - **Misdiagnosis can delay proper healing**. For example, treating an ACL tear like an MCL sprain could lead to long-term instability or joint damage. ***Bottom Line:*** *Always get a clinical evaluation with a knee specialist, especially if you heard a pop, felt instability, or have swelling. Don’t self-diagnose based on symptoms alone.* # Meet Our Orthopaedic Knee Specialists ## **Can You Recover from an ACL Tear? Here’s What to Expect** Tearing your ACL may feel overwhelming, but it's not the end of your active lifestyle. Whether you're a competitive athlete or someone who just wants to move without fear, recovery is possible with the right approach. From early diagnosis and personalized treatment plans to structured rehab and return-to-play timelines, every step forward matters. Understanding your options is the first step toward getting back to what you love, with strength and confidence. If you’re reading this, you may be worried about what’s next. Take a breath, you’re not alone. Understanding your injury is the first step toward healing. Now it’s time to take action. If you suspect an ACL tear, don’t wait. Get evaluated by a sports medicine physician or orthopedic specialist. Early diagnosis means earlier healing and a better chance of getting back to doing what you love. [*Schedule Online Now*](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/?kinsta-cache-cleared=true) --- ## **ACL Tear vs. Meniscus Injury: Key Differences at a Glance** While both ACL and [meniscus injuries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/types-of-meniscus-tears/) are common in athletes and active individuals, they are very different in structure, symptoms, and recovery needs. Knowing the distinctions can help guide proper diagnosis and treatment. ### How an ACL Tear and Meniscus Tear Happen - **ACL Tear:** - Typically from a **sudden pivot, change in direction, or awkward landing** - Often **non-contact**, though can also result from trauma - Common in sports like soccer, basketball, skiing - **Meniscus Tear:** - Often caused by **twisting the knee while the foot is planted** - Can occur **with or without an ACL tear** - May result from **degeneration in older adults** or a sharp movement in younger athletes ### Primary (Immediate) Symptoms **Symptom****ACL Tear****Meniscus Tear****Popping Sound**Very commonMay occur, but less dramatic**Swelling**Rapid (within hours)Gradual (over 24–48 hours)**Instability**Knee may "give out"Usually feels stable**Pain Location**Deep or central kneeSide or back of knee (depending on tear location)**Mobility**Loss of motion due to swelling and instabilityMay still walk, but discomfort with twisting/squatting### Prolonged/Chronic Symptoms (If Left Untreated) **Symptom****ACL Tear****Meniscus Tear****Knee Giving Out**Frequent instability, especially during pivotingRarely unstable**Locking or Catching**UncommonVery common — knee may catch or lock during motion**Grinding or Clicking**OccasionallyCommon, especially with movement**Degeneration Risk**Higher if combined with meniscus injuryIncreases risk of arthritis over time**Return to Activity**Difficult without surgery for active individualsSometimes possible without surgery, depending on severity and tear location A **meniscus tear** often presents with **joint line tenderness** and mechanical symptoms (like locking), while an **ACL tear** leads to feelings of instability and swelling shortly after injury. However, since both can **coexist**, and symptoms can overlap, accurate diagnosis with an **MRI and specialist evaluation (by a POA or orthopedic physician)** is essential. [Read more about meniscus tears. ](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/symptoms-of-a-torn-meniscus/) ### **Quick Overview** **ACL****Meniscus****Function**Stabilizes the kneeCushions and supports joint movement**Injury Type**LigamentCartilage**Instability?**YesRarely**Locking**RareCommon**Needs Surgery**Often (for active patients)Sometimes, depending on tear type > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Knee, Orthopaedic Conditions **Tags:** ACL Tear, Knee, MCL Tear --- ### [Types of Meniscus Tears](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/types-of-meniscus-tears/) **Published:** May 29, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** Meniscus tears are classified based on tear shape and tear location. This classification helps determine whether the injury may heal with rest and therapy or if it needs surgical treatment. If you're looking to understand the type of tear you have, we have broken them down below: ## Meniscus Tear Shapes ### 1. Meniscus Radial Tear A radial tear cuts straight across the meniscus from the inner edge toward the outer rim, similar to the spoke of a wheel. These are common and usually occur in areas with poor blood flow, which limits the body’s ability to heal the tear on its own. Treatment often involves trimming the damaged section. ### 2. Meniscus Horizontal Tear A horizontal tear runs between the upper and lower layers of the meniscus, dividing it in half like a sandwich. These tears are more common in older adults and may be repairable if located in the outer region of the meniscus, where blood supply is better. ### 3. Meniscus Vertical (Longitudinal) Tear This tear runs lengthwise along the curve of the meniscus, following its C-shape. It is often seen in younger, athletic individuals and may respond well to surgical repair, especially when located in the outer third of the meniscus. ### 4. Meniscus Bucket Handle Tear A bucket handle tear is a severe form of a vertical tear. In this case, a large portion of the meniscus flips inward into the knee joint, making it difficult to bend or straighten the knee. It often causes locking and typically requires surgery to correct. ### 5. Meniscus Flap Tear A flap tear results in a loose piece of cartilage that creates an uneven edge. This flap may shift with knee motion, causing clicking, catching, or locking. If symptoms are persistent, the loose section is often trimmed during a minor procedure. ### 6. Meniscus Complex Tear A complex tear includes multiple tear patterns—usually both radial and horizontal—and often occurs in worn or degenerated menisci. These are difficult to repair and typically require removal of the damaged sections. ### 7. Meniscus Oblique (Parrot Beak) Tear An oblique tear forms at an angle, creating a curved flap that resembles a parrot’s beak. The flap can catch in the joint and lead to sharp pain or instability. Surgical trimming is often used if the tear is unstable. ![torn meniscus locations](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/torn-meniscus-locations-683x1024.png "torn meniscus locations - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Meniscus Tear Locations In addition to the shape of the tear, the **location** is a major factor in symptoms and treatment decisions. These are the meniscus tear locations: - **Medial meniscus tear** – inside of the knee - **Lateral meniscus tear** – outside of the knee - **Posterior horn tear** – back portion of the meniscus - **Anterior horn tear** – front portion of the meniscus - **Meniscus root tear** – where the meniscus anchors to the bone Each location has different mechanical demands, and tears in different areas may feel different or affect how the knee moves. ## Location and Healing Potential The meniscus has three zones based on blood supply that affect how well a tear can heal: - **Red zone (outer third)** – good blood supply; better chance of healing on its own or after repair - **White zone (inner third)** – poor blood flow; limited natural healing - **Red-white zone (middle third)** – transitional; healing depends on tear size and stability ## Long-Term Effects of Untreated Meniscus Tears How long does it take a meniscus tear to heal? The answer is, it depends. However, if a torn meniscus is left untreated or heals poorly, it can lead to: - **Chronic knee instability** - **Frequent swelling and inflammation** - **Faster joint cartilage breakdown** - **Higher risk of developing osteoarthritis** Early diagnosis, combined with the right treatment approach, helps protect long-term knee function and mobility. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Knee, Orthopaedic Conditions **Tags:** Knee, Meniscus Tear, Torn Meniscus --- ### [Symptoms of a Torn Meniscus](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/symptoms-of-a-torn-meniscus/) **Published:** June 9, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Tweaked your knee, but the pain isn't going away? You were mid-pivot, chasing a ball or turning to grab something behind you, when a sharp *pop* hit your knee. Not loud, but distinct. You paused, unsure if it was serious. Maybe just a tweak, you thought. But within hours, the swelling crept in, the joint stiffened, and walking suddenly felt unfamiliar. That small twist? It turned into something much bigger. That moment likely marked the beginning of a **meniscus tear**—a common yet disruptive injury affecting the cartilage in your knee. Whether it's from a sudden injury or years of wear and tear, the result is often the same: pain, limited movement, and questions about what comes next. ## What Is a Meniscus Tear? ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Inside each of your knees are two rubbery, wedge-shaped pieces of cartilage: the medial and lateral menisci. These act like shock absorbers between your thighbone and shinbone, helping to distribute weight and stabilize movement. A tear occurs when this cartilage is damaged—usually from twisting motions or degeneration over time. You don't have to be an athlete for this to happen. A quick squat, an awkward turn, even standing up too fast with pressure on the joint can be enough, especially if the cartilage is already weakened with age. ## Common Causes There are two primary culprits behind a torn meniscus: - **Trauma or sudden movement**, like twisting or pivoting during sports, or while playing with your kids! - **Degeneration**, where age-related wear and tear thins and weakens the cartilage, making it easier to tear with minor movements. Both scenarios are incredibly common. Lifting a heavy box incorrectly or kneeling on a hard surface for too long can be all it takes. --- # Meet Our Orthopaedic Knee Specialists --- ## Symptoms of a Meniscus Tear The first few hours after the tear are often the most telling. At first, discomfort may be the only symptom of a meniscus tear you might feel. Or, the only symptoms of a meniscus tear present at first are just a dull, persistent ache, made worse by movement. You might feel fine while sitting, but as soon as you try to walk or bend, your knee doesn't cooperate. Some describe it as a "stuck" sensation, where the joint feels like it won't fully extend or flex without pain or resistance. But then the pain deepens, swelling begins, and your range of motion shrinks even more. Clicking, popping, or catching during movement can also indicate a torn flap of cartilage catching in the joint. Check out this post to read more about the [Types of Meniscus Tears.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/types-of-meniscus-tears/) #### Additional Symptoms of a Meniscus Tear: - Locking, catching, or the feeling of instability - Sharp or aching pain, often on the inner (medial) side of the knee - Swelling that develops gradually - A popping sound or sensation during injury - Difficulty straightening or bending the knee ![symptoms of a meniscus tear](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/symptoms-of-a-meniscus-tear-683x1024.png "symptoms of a meniscus tear - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") If you're looking for clarification on the symptoms of a meniscus tear, you are not alone. Many people deal with a torn meniscus and don't realize the seriousness until the stiffness and pain don't go away. ## Do You Need to See a Doctor For a Meniscus Tear? If you're hoping it will just go away, consider this: untreated meniscus tears can worsen over time, leading to more pain and even long-term joint issues like osteoarthritis. Seek professional help if: - Pain persists beyond a few days - Swelling continues or worsens - You experience locking, buckling, or instability - You can't put normal weight on the leg Ignoring it risks further tearing or cartilage breakdown. Early diagnosis often means better, less invasive treatment options. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- ## How a Meniscus Tear is Diagnosed A physical exam can often provide early clues. A clinician will test your range of motion and apply gentle pressure or rotation to identify pain points. In many cases, imaging, like an **MRI**, is used to confirm the diagnosis and pinpoint the severity and location of the tear. ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Meniscus Tear Remedy Not all meniscus tears require surgery. If you're looking for a meniscus tear remedy, treatment depends on the type of tear, location, and severity of the tear, as well as your activity level and age. ### Conservative Meniscus Tear Remedy Approaches: #### Rest and Activity Modification - One of the first things you can do is to give your knee a break! If you are able to identify them, avoid movements thatmake the pain worse. Common ones include twisting, squatting, or any high-impact activities. Resting allows the damaged cartilage in your knee to settle and inflammation to subside which gives your body a chance to begin healing. This doesn't mean you have to be totally immoble, but be mindful of your movements and eliminate anything that causes discomfort or strain. #### Ice and Compression - Applying ice packs to your knee helps reduce swelling and numbs the area, easing the pain. Aim for 15–20 minutes every few hours in the first few days. Pair this with a compression bandage or sleeve to minimize inflammation and support the knee structure. Together, they help control the body's inflammatory response and provide short-term relief while preventing further irritation. #### Anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) - Over-the-counter medications like ibuprofen (Advil) or naproxen (Aleve) can significantly reduce inflammation and help manage pain. These drugs target the body’s natural inflammatory chemicals, making it easier to move the joint and complete daily activities without aggravating the tear. Always follow dosage instructions and consult your doctor if you’re taking them for more than a few days. #### Physical Therapy - Once the pain and swelling are under control, targeted exercises become essential. A physical therapist will guide you through movements designed to strengthen the muscles surrounding your knee—especially the quadriceps and hamstrings. This not only speeds up recovery but also restores joint stability, improves flexibility, and reduces the risk of re-injury. #### Knee Support Braces - A well-fitted knee brace offers additional stability, particularly when walking or performing light activities. Braces help limit unwanted lateral movement and protect the joint during recovery. If your knee tends to feel unstable or you're easing back into exercise or work, wearing a brace can provide the support and confidence you need to move safely. Small tears near the outer edge, where the blood supply is richer, often heal with conservative care. ### Surgical Options: If the tear is large, causes locking, or doesn't improve, arthroscopic surgery may be recommended. Options include: - **Meniscus repair** (stitching the cartilage back together) - **Partial meniscectomy** (removing the torn section) - **Total meniscectomy** (rare and typically avoided) Surgery is more likely in younger, active individuals or when the tear is in a critical area. ## Torn Meniscus Recovery Timeline How long it takes a torn meniscus to heal depends entirely on the treatment path and your consistency with rehab. Below is a general idea of recovery times based on the type of treatment - this is for reference only and not a diagnosis and treatment. #### Treatment Method #### Est. Recovery Time Conservative (rest, PT) 4-8 weeks Partial Meniscectomy 4-6 weeks Arthroscopic Repair 3-6 months So, how long does it take for a meniscus tear to heal? It may take time to regain strength and trust in your knee even after healing. ## Meniscus Tear Common Questions ### Can You Walk With a Meniscus Tear? Yes—but that doesn't mean you should. Many people are able to walk with a torn meniscus, especially if the pain is mild. But without proper treatment, walking on a torn meniscus can cause further damage or transform a minor tear into a more serious one. If you must stay mobile, supportive bracing and avoiding twisting motions is essential. ### What Does a Torn Meniscus Look Like on The Outside Despite the pain and swelling, a torn meniscus often doesn't present visible signs like bruising or discoloration. That's why if you're looking for answers to *"what does a torn meniscus look like on the outside,"* the truth is, it doesn't *look* like much so you won't find much. The damage is internal; symptoms often show through movement limitations and experienced pain, not appearance. ## How to Prevent a Meniscus Tear Prevention of a meniscus tear isn't just about avoiding sports injuries—it's about daily movement, posture, and support. ### Smart Prevention Strategies: While it's no guarantee you'll avoid having a torn meniscus, there are some smart prevention strategies! Some strategies include: - **Warm up**: Before starting any physical activity, properly warm up to loosen up your muscles in preparation for the activity. - **Stretch regularly**: Regularly stretching, especially the hamstrings and calves, can also be helpful. - **Strengthen**: Doing strengthening work on leg muscles (quads, glutes, hamstrings) helps to improve stability. You'll want to avoid deep squats or twisting under load - **Knee supports**: If you know you're prone to injury or returning from one, wearing knee supports can be beneficial to prevent a meniscus tear. You don't need to be an athlete to tear your meniscus—and you don't need to live with the pain either. Even activities like walking the dog or playing with your kids carry risk if you're not mindful of sudden directional changes! With awareness, early action, and proper care, recovery is possible and often complete. Pain-free movement starts with taking your symptoms seriously, getting the right diagnosis, and committing to healing fully. If it feels wrong, it probably is. Trust your body, and give it what it needs to bounce back. [Contact us](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) today to schedule with one of our specialists. > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Knee, Orthopaedic Conditions **Tags:** Conditions, Knee --- ### [Experiencing Hip Pain When Standing Up? You Could Have Tight Hip Flexors.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/experiencing-hip-pain-when-standing-up-you-could-have-tight-hip-flexors/) **Published:** June 2, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")# Your hip pain might be hip flexor pain! You wake up in the morning and swing your legs over the edge of the bed. Before your feet even hit the floor, there it is—a deep, nagging tightness at the front of your hip. Walking to the kitchen feels stiff, almost like your legs are moving through molasses. You stretch instinctively, but it doesn’t quite hit the spot. When you sit down with your coffee, the ache creeps back in. Sitting at your desk later, the discomfort becomes sharp, pulling with every shift in position. Going for a jog—something that used to energize you—now leaves your hips feeling locked up, like rusty hinges refusing to swing open. This is life with tight hip flexors: a quiet, persistent thief of your freedom of movement. For many adults, especially those with desk jobs or active lifestyles, hip pain can sneak in gradually and eventually become a daily discomfort. Having tight hip flexors is one of the most common culprits. Whether you spend hours sitting at a computer or you're constantly on the move, running or cycling, your hip flexors may be working overtime—and not always in a good way. Understanding how hip flexor tightness develops, and more importantly, how to alleviate it, is key to maintaining healthy, pain-free movement. ## What Are the Hip Flexors? **The hip flexors are a group of muscles located at the front of your hips** that play a vital role in nearly every lower body movement. These muscles allow you to lift your knee toward your chest, bend at the waist, and stabilize your pelvis during standing, walking, and running. The key muscles in the hip flexor group include: - **Iliacus and Psoas Major (Iliopsoas):** These powerful muscles originate in your pelvis and lower spine and insert into your upper thigh, working together to lift your leg and maintain trunk stability. - **Rectus Femoris:** This muscle is part of the quadriceps group and assists with both hip flexion and knee extension. - **Sartorius:** The longest muscle in the human body, it runs from the outer hip across the thigh to the inner knee, aiding in hip flexion, abduction, and external rotation. These muscles work together to allow fluid motion, but when overworked or underused, they become **shortened and tight**, resulting in limited mobility and discomfort. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- ## What Causes Tight Hip Flexors? Hip flexor tightness often arises from a combination of inactivity and muscular imbalance, and in some cases, overuse. ### Common causes of hip pain from tight hip flexors include: **Prolonged Sitting:** Sitting for extended periods—at a desk, in a car, or on the couch—keeps the hip flexors in a shortened position. Over time, this leads to adaptive shortening and chronic tightness. **Repetitive Activity:** Runners, cyclists, and athletes performing frequent leg lifts use their hip flexors intensively. Without adequate recovery and stretching, this overuse causes the muscles to become stiff and inflamed. **Muscle Weakness:** Weakness in the glutes, deep core muscles, and stabilizers like the piriformis shifts the workload to the hip flexors, which are not designed to handle prolonged stabilization. This compensation pattern leads to over-recruitment and tightness. **Poor Posture or Pelvic Alignment:** Anterior pelvic tilt (a common postural issue where the pelvis tilts forward) places the hip flexors in a shortened state even while standing. ## What Happens When the Hip Flexors Become Tight? When you have tght hip flexors it can reduce the range of motion in your hips, cause pelvic misalignment, and place strain on the lower back. You might feel discomfort in your groin, stiffness in the front of your hip, or even aching pain during or after activity. Long-term tightness can lead to: - **Lower back pain** - **Decreased athletic performance** - **Changes in walking mechanics** - **Pelvic instability** - **Pain radiating into the thigh or knee** If this issues is lefft unaddressed, this tightness becomes more than a nuisance to you—it becomes a chronic issue that impacts every step, sit, and stride. ## Hip Flexor Pain Hip flexor pain is most commonly felt in the front of the hip and upper thigh, but it can also radiate to other nearby areas depending on the severity, cause, and specific muscles involved. ### Here’s a breakdown of where and how hip flexor pain is typically experienced: #### **Primary Hip Flexor Pain Location** ##### **Front of the hip (anterior hip):** This is the most common location. It may feel like a deep ache or sharp pinch where your thigh meets your pelvis, especially when lifting your knee, walking uphill, or standing after sitting. ##### **Upper thigh:** Pain can extend downward along the front of the thigh, particularly if the rectus femoris (a dual-function hip and knee flexor) is involved. #### **Associated Hip Flexor Pain Areas** ##### **Groin area:** If the iliopsoas is especially tight or inflamed, pain may be felt deep in the inner hip or groin. ##### **Lower back:** Because the psoas muscle attaches to the lumbar spine, chronic tightness or spasms can lead to referred pain or tension in the lower back. ##### **Pelvis or sacroiliac (SI) region:** Misalignment caused by tight hip flexors can lead to pain around the SI joints or pelvic rim. ##### **Anterior knee:** In some cases, overuse of the rectus femoris can cause discomfort that tracks down toward the knee. ### **Hip Flexor Pain Triggers** - Rising from a seated position - Prolonged sitting or standing - Running, cycling, or stair climbing - Lunges or high-knee movements - Lying flat without support under knees (for severe cases) If the pain is sharp, persistent, or affects your ability to walk or move normally, it may be a sign of a strain, tendonitis, or labral issue—warranting a visit to an orthopedic specialist or physical therapy. ## How to Prevent Hip Flexor Problems Prevention goes beyond stretching. It involves a comprehensive movement and strength strategy to ensure the hip flexors are neither overloaded nor neglected: ### 1. **Take Frequent Movement Breaks** - Set a timer to stand and walk every 30–45 minutes. - Try standing meetings or a sit-to-stand desk if your job is sedentary. - Walk during phone calls, stretch between tasks, and avoid long static postures. ### 3. **Strengthen Supporting Muscles** - Glute bridges, clamshells, side leg raises, and deadlifts strengthen the posterior chain, reducing reliance on the hip flexors. ### 5. **Core stabilization:** - Working strengthening exercises into your routine, such as planks and bird-dogs, prevents the spine and pelvis from wobbling. They also help stabilize your core, which takes pressure off the hips. ### 2. **Maintain Proper Posture** - Avoid slumping while seated. Sit upright with hips and knees at 90 degrees. - Engage your core and glutes when standing to maintain a neutral pelvic position. ### **4. Incorporate Mobility Work Into Your Routine** - Dynamic warm-ups before exercise and controlled hip mobility drills (like leg swings and hip circles) keep the hip joint nourished and flexible. - Foam rolling the quads and lower back can help release tight fascia around the hip. ## Home Treatment of Tight Hip Flexors If you're already dealing with symptoms of tightness, there are ways you can find relief. It's beneficial to take a multi-pronged approach: - **Use Heat Therapy** before stretching to increase circulation. - **Perform static and dynamic stretches** daily, focusing on consistency over intensity. - **Improve neuromuscular control** by re-training movement patterns—walk mindfully, stand tall, and avoid hip “gripping.” ### Four Hip Flexor Stretches to Relieve Tightness Hip flexor stretches done at home help restore flexibility and mobility in the front of the hips, reducing stiffness from prolonged sitting or repetitive activity. Regular stretching can alleviate pain, improve posture, and enhance movement efficiency during daily activities or workouts. Additionally, it supports pelvic alignment and reduces strain on the lower back by balancing muscle tension across the hip complex. ![hip flexor stretch](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/hip-flexor-stretch-1024x683.jpg "hip flexor stretch - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")These evidence-based stretches are simple, safe, and effective. Perform them twice daily, holding each for 30–60 seconds per side, and repeat for 2–3 sets. #### 1. **Half-Kneeling Hip Flexor Stretch** This stretch helps open the hip while promoting glute engagement. **Instructions:** - Kneel with your left knee on the ground and right foot forward. - Contract your glutes and gently tilt your pelvis under. - Shift forward until you feel a stretch in the left hip. - For more intensity, raise your left arm overhead and lean slightly right. #### 2. **90/90 Hip Mobility Stretch** Improves rotational mobility of the hip joint. **Instructions:** - Sit with your right leg in front, bent 90 degrees, and your left leg out to the side in the same position. - Sit upright and lean slightly forward without collapsing your chest. - Feel the stretch in the outer hip and groin. Switch sides. #### 3. **Supine Hip Flexor Bed Stretch** Uses gravity to gently open the hip flexors. **Instructions:** - Lie on your back on the edge of a bed with your right leg hanging off. - Keep the left knee bent and foot flat on the bed. - Pull the left knee gently toward your chest while letting the right leg dangle. #### 4. **Side-Lying Quad & Hip Flexor Stretch** Targets both the front thigh and deeper hip structures. **Instructions:** - Lie on your left side, knees bent. - Reach your right hand behind to grab your right ankle. - Gently pull your foot toward your glutes while keeping your spine neutral and pelvis tucked. ## When to See a Specialist While stretching and strengthening can resolve many cases of tightness, **persistent or worsening pain should not be ignored**. You should seek care if you experience: - Pain that radiates into the thigh or groin - Hip pain lasting longer than two weeks - Snapping, catching, or grinding sensations - Instability or weakness in the hip - Inability to perform daily tasks like walking or climbing stairs without pain The Right Specialist to See: If you are experiencing persistent or worsening hip flexor pain like those just mentioned, it's important you see a specialist for an evaluation. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we have multiple specialists who can help with your hip flexor pain. [Contact us to schedule an appointment.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) - **Orthopedic Doctor:** A specialist in musculoskeletal conditions who can diagnose underlying joint or soft tissue problems. - **Sports Medicine Doctor:** Ideal for active individuals or athletes with hip flexor injuries related to overuse or movement patterns. - **Physical Therapist:** Offers personalized rehabilitation programs, manual therapy, and neuromuscular re-education for tight or injured hip flexors. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) Tight hip flexors don’t just affect how your hips feel—they influence your spine, posture, gait, and overall comfort. They can sideline your fitness, sap your energy, and even cause pain elsewhere in the body. Fortunately, with the right combination of movement, strengthening, and stretching, you can restore mobility and function to your hips. Don’t let tight muscles limit your life—take action early and seek professional care when needed. > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Hip, Joint Care, Physical Therapy, Sports Medicine **Tags:** Hip Flexor, Hip Pain --- ### [Your Chronic Pain Is Real](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/your-chronic-pain-relief/) **Published:** May 7, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Chronic Pain Isn't In Your Head Living every day in pain can be debilitating. Imagine waking up each morning already exhausted—not because you didn't sleep, but because your pain kept you tossing and turning all night. Your back aches the moment your feet hit the floor. You grip the bathroom sink for support while brushing your teeth, and getting dressed feels like running a marathon. Driving to work takes every ounce of concentration, not just because of traffic but because your joints throb with every turn. Meetings blur as you shift in your seat, trying to find a less painful position. By the time you get home, you're too sore to cook dinner, too drained to enjoy time with family, and overwhelmed by the idea of another night spent battling discomfort. This is what daily life can feel like if you're living with chronic pain but it doesn't have to stay this way. ## The Serious Impact of Living With Chronic Pain Chronic pain doesn't just hurt your body. It reshapes your life in ways most people never see. ### **Physical Decline from Chronic Pain** - Pain discourages movement, leading to muscle atrophy, joint stiffness, and reduced endurance. ### **Emotional Strain from Chronic Pain** - Constant discomfort takes a toll on mental health, often triggering depression, anxiety, and social withdrawal. ### **Sleep Disruption from Chronic Pain** - Pain can make it difficult for you to fall asleep or stay asleep, leaving you fatigued and foggy during the day. ### **Career Limitations from Chronic Pain** - Reduced mobility, frequent doctor visits, and cognitive distraction can affect work performance and job retention. ### **Strained Relationships from Chronic Pain** - Chronic pain can make you less active, irritable, or dependent on others, placing stress on personal and family dynamics. ## Meet our Physiatry Experts ## Top 5 Most Common Chronic Pain Conditions ### 1. **Chronic Back Pain** Lower back pain can stem from degenerative disc disease, where the discs between vertebrae lose their cushioning, or herniated discs that press on nerves. Strains, poor posture, or conditions like arthritis and spinal stenosis also contribute. #### **Symptoms of Chronic Back Pain:** **Dull or Sharp Pain in Your Lower Back** - This can feel like a constant ache or a sudden stabbing pain that worsens with movement. **Stiffness or Reduced Flexibility** - You may struggle to bend, twist, or stand upright after sitting or sleeping. **Radiating Pain into the Buttocks or Legs** - This often signals nerve involvement, such as sciatica. **Pain That Worsens With Activity or Prolonged Sitting** - Common with desk jobs or long commutes, even mild activity may worsen discomfort. **Muscle Spasms** - Sudden tightening of muscles may occur, making movement painful or unpredictable. #### **How a Pain Management Doctor Can Help:** At POA, we begin with diagnostic imaging and a detailed physical assessment to determine the exact cause of lower back pain. Treatment plans are individualized and may include physical therapy to strengthen core muscles, medication management, and targeted injections. For persistent cases, minimally invasive procedures such as radiofrequency ablation can provide long-term relief. **Options may include:** - Epidural steroid injections - Facet joint injections - Core stabilization therapy - Radiofrequency nerve ablation ### 2. Chronic Pain Because of **Osteoarthritis (OA)** OA is primarily due to the gradual breakdown of cartilage in joints over time. Risk factors for osteoarthritis include age, obesity, prior joint injuries, and repetitive stress from work or sports. #### **Symptoms of Osteoarthritis (OA):** **Joint Pain, Especially After Movement** - Pain that worsens with activity and improves after rest. **Swelling and Tenderness** - Inflammation causes visible swelling and sensitivity in the joint. **Reduced Range of Motion** - Stiff joints limit how far or freely you can move. **Joint Stiffness, Particularly in the Morning** - It may take 30 minutes or more before joints "loosen up." **Grating Sensation or Bone Spurs** - A grinding feeling can occur as bone rubs against bone due to lost cartilage. #### **How a Pain Management Doctor Can Help Your Osteoarthritis:** Managing osteoarthritis means improving function and reducing inflammation without excessive reliance on medications. We may use image-guided joint injections, bracing, and regenerative treatments. Pain doctors also help patients adapt with assistive devices and lifestyle modifications. **Common treatments include:** - Corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid joint injections - Physical and occupational therapy - Anti-inflammatory medications - Assistive supports like canes or orthotics ### 3. Chronic **Neck Pain and Cervical Radiculopathy** Often caused by cervical disc herniation or arthritis that compresses spinal nerves. Poor posture, especially with prolonged screen time, is a growing cause in younger adults. #### **Symptoms of Chronic **Neck Pain and Cervical Radiculopathy**:** **Localized Neck Pain** - This may feel like soreness or burning pain that worsens with movement. **Radiating Pain Down the Arms** - Indicates nerve root irritation in the cervical spine. **Numbness or Tingling in the Hands or Fingers** - This is a sign of nerve compression or inflammation. **Muscle Weakness** - You may have difficulty gripping objects or experience arm fatigue. **Headaches Originating From the Neck** - Tension and nerve irritation can cause referred pain into the skull. #### **How a Pain Management Doctor Can Help :** Our team focuses on identifying the source of the nerve compression. We use imaging-guided cervical injections, therapeutic exercises, and posture correction strategies. Nerve blocks or ablation may be used for stubborn pain. **Possible interventions include:** - Cervical epidural steroid injections - Neuromuscular re-education - Postural therapy - Targeted pain medications ### 4. Chronic Pain from **Sciatica** Sciatica is caused by irritation of the sciatic nerve which can often be caused by a herniated disc or bone spur. Spinal stenosis or pelvic trauma may also contribute. #### **Symptom**s of Chronic Pain from Sciatica: **Shooting Pain From the Lower Back Down One Leg** - Often described as electric or burning, it can worsen with prolonged sitting. **Burning or Tingling Sensations** - Typically felt along the sciatic nerve path. **Weakness in the Leg or Foot** - May affect balance, walking, or climbing stairs. **Pain That Worsens When Sitting or Standing for Long Periods** - Certain positions increase pressure on the nerve root. **Difficulty Walking** - Pain may become sharp or radiate with movement. #### **How a Pain Management Doctor Can Help:** Treatment focuses on reducing nerve inflammation and preventing flare-ups. POA specialists use targeted injections, movement re-education, and sometimes minimally invasive procedures to decompress the nerve. **Treatment strategies may include:** - Lumbar epidural injections - Sciatic nerve blocks - Decompression exercises - Anti-neuropathic medications ### 5. **Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)** CRPS can develop after surgery, fracture, or sprain. It involves abnormal nerve responses and inflammation that affect the central nervous system's pain regulation. #### **Symptoms of CRPS:** **Severe, Ongoing Pain in One Limb** - Pain that is often disproportionate to what would be expected from the initial injury. **Swelling and Skin Color Changes** - The limb may appear red, blue, or blotchy. **Sensitivity to Touch (Allodynia)** - Even light brushing or temperature changes cause significant pain. **Decreased Mobility or Joint Stiffness** - The affected area may become hard to move or hypersensitive. **Temperature or Sweating Irregularities** - One limb may feel noticeably warmer or colder. #### **How a Pain Management Doctor Can Help:** CRPS is complex and requires early, aggressive treatment. Our physicians often use sympathetic nerve blocks, spinal cord stimulation, and desensitization therapy to restore mobility and decrease hypersensitivity. **Interventions may include:** - Sympathetic nerve blocks - Spinal cord stimulation - Desensitization therapy - Multidisciplinary rehab ## Other Common Chronic Pain Conditions ### **Fibromyalgia** A widespread chronic pain condition that affects muscles and soft tissues, often accompanied by fatigue, memory issues ("fibro fog"), and sleep disturbances. **Symptoms include:** - Constant, dull body aches - Tender points across the body - Extreme fatigue and non-restorative sleep - Heightened sensitivity to pain and temperature ### **Chronic Headaches and Migraines** Recurring, often debilitating head pain that can last hours to days. Migraines that are frequently accompanied by nausea, light sensitivity, and aura. **Symptoms can include:** - Experiencing throbbing or pulsing pain, typically on one side - Having sensitivity to light, sound, or smells - Feelings of nausea or vomiting - Having visual disturbances or aura (flashes, blind spots) ### **Shoulder Pain (Rotator Cuff Injuries, Frozen Shoulder)** Pain stemming from wear and tear, inflammation, or stiffness of the shoulder joint or tendons. It can severely limit arm function. **Symptoms include:** - Dull or sharp pain in the shoulder or upper arm - Stiffness or "locking" in the joint - Weakness with lifting or overhead movement - Difficulty sleeping on the affected side ### **Post-Surgical or Post-Traumatic Pain Syndromes** Pain that persists beyond normal healing after surgery or injury, often involving nerve damage or tissue hypersensitivity. **Symptoms include:** - Persistent pain at the surgical or injury site - Burning, tingling, or stabbing sensations - Increased pain with touch or movement - Limited function in the affected area ## Why See a POA Pain Management Specialist? Seeing a pain management doctor at POA isn't just about getting medication or another procedure—it's about reclaiming your life. Our physicians take a whole-person approach to your care. That means listening closely, examining thoroughly, and crafting a treatment plan to meet your needs, lifestyle, and goals. Whether your pain has lasted months or years, our team is equipped with the tools and experience to make a difference. We blend advanced medical technologies with human compassion. Our goal is to help you move better, sleep longer, work easier, and engage in life again—on your terms. Pain doesn't need to define who you are or what you can do. With the right care, **you can get your life back**—and it starts with a conversation at POA. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions **Tags:** Pain Management, Physiatrist --- ### [You Have a Herniated Disc, Now What?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/symptom-of-a-herniated-disc/) **Published:** May 2, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## **Living with a Herniated Disc: Understanding the Condition and Treating the Pain** You’re bending over to tie your shoe, or maybe you just lifted a laundry basket off the floor—and suddenly, something shifts. A sharp, electric jolt shoots through your lower back and radiates down your leg. Within days, sitting becomes excruciating. You feel tingling in your foot. Or worse—your leg feels weak, like it might buckle underneath you. It's not just a sore back. You could be dealing with a **herniated disc**—a spine condition that can disrupt your daily life, mobility, and comfort. But the good news? It’s treatable, and in many cases, you can fully recover without surgery. ## **What Is a Herniated Disc (And Is It the Same as a Slipped Disc)?** Your spine is made up of 33 vertebrae, and between most of them are **intervertebral discs**—soft, cushion-like pads that absorb shock and allow flexibility in your back. Each disc has two parts: - A soft, gel-like inner core (the nucleus pulposus) - A tough, fibrous outer shell (The annulus fibrosus) A herniated disc, also known as a ruptured disc or colloquially as a “slipped disc”, occurs when the inner core pushes out through a crack or tear in the outer shell. This herniation can press against nearby nerves, triggering pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness—depending on the location and severity of the compression. **Slipped disc vs. herniated disc**: While the term "slipped disc" is commonly used, nothing actually “slips” out of place. The disc material bulges or leaks, which is more accurately described as a herniation. ## The Difference Between a Bulging Disc and a Herniated Disc Herniated DiscBulging Disc**What it is**The disc's inner gel-like material breaks through a tear in the tough outer layer. The outer wall is torn or ruptured.The disc extends outward beyond its normal boundary, usually evenly around the disc's circumference. The outer wall remains intact but stretched out.**Severity**Typically, more severe than a bulging disc. Especially if it compresses nearby nerves.Often considered less severe than a herniated disc and can often be asymptomatic.**Symptoms**Sharp pain, sciatica, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the limbs.Mild back pain or none at all. Sometimes asymptomatic.**Causes**Trauma, heavy lifting, or progression of a bulging disc.Degeneration from aging, posture, and repetitive stress.**Treatment**May need physical therapy, injections, or even surgery if conservative care fails. Often responds to conservative care and lifestyle changes. ## **Symptoms of a Herniated Disc** Symptoms of a herniated disc depend on the location of the herniation and which nerves are affected. In general, the most common areas are the lumbar (lower back) and cervical (neck) spine. ### **Lumbar Herniated Disc Symptoms**: - **Sharp or burning low back pain**: - This may feel like a stabbing pain that worsens when you move, bend, or sit. - **Sciatica**: - Pain that radiates from your lower back into your buttocks and down one leg, sometimes reaching the foot. - **Numbness or tingling in the legs or feet**: - A “pins and needles” sensation along the path of the affected nerve. - **Muscle weakness**: - You may find it harder to lift your foot (foot drop), stand on your toes, or walk normally. - **Pain that worsens with activity**: - Especially while sitting, coughing, sneezing, or straining. ### **Cervical Herniated Disc Symptoms**: - **Neck pain**: - Often persistent and sharp. - **Radiating arm pain**: - From the neck down into the shoulder, arm, and even into the hand. - **Tingling or numbness in the fingers**: - Often felt in specific fingers depending on the affected nerve root. - **Arm weakness**: - Difficulty gripping or lifting objects. ## **Do Herniated Discs Heal on Their Own?** In many cases, herniated discs heal without surgical intervention. Your body has the ability to reabsorb the protruding disc material and reduce inflammation around the affected nerve. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-7-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 7 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **How Long Does It Take to Heal?** The recovery timeline depends on the severity of the herniation and the treatment used. It can take time and varies depending on your health, age, and activity level: SeverityDifferentiatorRecovery TimeframeMild-ModerateResponds to rest, physical therapy, and medication.4-6 weeksPersistentInvolves nerve compression or recurrent flare-ups.8-12+ weeksChronic or Severe Presents with significant neurological symptoms.Extensive treatment or surgical intervention ## **What Causes a Herniated Disc?** The most common causes of a herniated disc can include: - **Age-related disc degeneration**: As we get older, discs lose hydration and elasticity, making them more prone to tearing. - **Repetitive stress or motion**: Frequent bending, lifting, or twisting can wear down the outer disc layers. - **Sudden trauma**: Car accidents, sports injuries, or heavy lifting with improper form can cause acute disc rupture. - **Poor posture and sedentary lifestyle**: Slouching and weak core muscles put extra stress on the spine. - **Obesity**: Extra weight increases pressure on spinal discs. - **Smoking**: Reduces oxygen supply to spinal tissues and accelerates disc degeneration. ## **What Should You Do Immediately If You Suspect a Herniated Disc?** If you experience sudden back or neck pain along with radiating symptoms, take the following steps: **Stop any strenuous activity**: Avoid lifting, twisting, or bending. **Apply cold packs** (for the first 48 hours): Reduces inflammation and pain. **Switch to heat** after 2–3 days: Relaxes tight muscles and improves circulation. **Over-the-counter medications**: NSAIDs (like ibuprofen) help reduce swelling and pain. **Stay mobile—lightly**: Short walks are better than prolonged bed rest, which can weaken muscles and delay healing. **Track your symptoms**: Take note of any numbness, tingling, or weakness. ## Meet Our Orthopaedic Spine Specialists ## Seeing a Doctor for a Herniated Disc ### **When Should You See an Orthopaedic Specialist?** **If you suspect you have a herniated disc, don’t wait**. If you have any of the following symptoms you should seek care as soon as possible: - Pain that doesn’t improve after a week of rest and home care - Numbness or tingling that spreads or worsens - Muscle weakness, especially in your legs or arms - Trouble with your balance or coordination - Loss of bladder or bowel control (this is a medical emergency called *cauda equina syndrome*) ### **What Kind of Specialist Should You See?** For the best outcomes, consult with an orthopaedic specialist. At POA, these may include: - **Orthopaedic Spine Surgeons**: Our orthopaedic surgeons who are experts in surgical and nonsurgical care of spinal disorders. - **Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Physicians**: Thes physicians focus on conservative and physical rehabilitation approaches. - **Pain Management Specialists**: If more agressive care is not neede our spesialists may offer injections, nerve blocks, or other targeted treatments. Every person is unique so every treatment approach and plan is tailored for your specific needs. ### **How Is a Herniated Disc Diagnosed?** A typical diagnosis can include a review of your medical history such as prior injuries, sumptom patterns, lifestyle, and your work habits. It also involves a physical exam which may include reflex testing, muscle strength, raings of motion, and nerve response. Imaging may also be ordered to assist in a comprehensive evaulation. #### **Imaging to evaluate a herniated disc may include:** - **MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)**: Shows disc herniation and nerve impingement in detail - **CT Scan (Computed Tomography)**: Offers detailed bone and disc imaging - **X-rays**: Useful to rule out fractures or arthritis but won’t show disc herniation directly - **EMG (Electromyography)**: Measures how well nerves and muscles function and detects damage ![Dr. Nazarian from princeton orthopedic associates shows a patient a model of a spine as he explains back pain and lower back stretches.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![A patient sits on the left side of the image looking at Dr. Saleh holding a model of a spine as they discuss lower back pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-16-2-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Saleh shows a patient the spine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Treatment For Herniated Disc** ### **Conservative (Non-Surgical) Treatments:** - **Physical Therapy**: Core strengthening, stretching, and posture correction exercises to relieve pressure on the affected nerve. - **Medications**: - NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen) for pain and inflammation - Muscle relaxants for spasms - Nerve pain medications (gabapentin or pregabalin) - **Activity Modification**: Limiting activities that aggravate symptoms while staying gently active. - **Epidural Steroid Injections**: Reduce inflammation around the nerve root and provide temporary relief. ### **Minimally Invasive Surgical Options** *(if conservative care fails)*: - **Microdiscectomy**: This is where a small portion of the disc is removed to free the compressed nerve. - **Endoscopic Discectomy**: Performed through a thin tube using a camera, often with quicker recovery. ### **Extensive Surgical Options** *(for severe cases)*: - **Laminectomy**: Removes part of the vertebra to relieve pressure on nerves. - **Spinal Fusion**: Joins two or more vertebrae together to stabilize the spine when discs are severely damaged. ## **Why Choose a POA Spine Specialist?** At POA, we specialize in restoring comfort, strength, and movement—without rushing to surgery. ### What sets us apart: ✅ **Board-certified spine specialists** with years of experience in both conservative and advanced surgical care. ✅ **Personalized treatment plans**: Tailored to your body, lifestyle, and goals. ✅ **Commitment to conservative care first**: We explore every non-surgical option before recommending surgery. ✅ **Multidisciplinary approach**: Orthopaedic surgeons, physical therapists, and pain specialists collaborate on your care. ✅ **Advanced diagnostics**: Immediate access to imaging and nerve studies for fast, accurate diagnosis Whether you’re newly injured or have struggled with back pain for months, POA’s spine experts can help you get your life back on track. ## **You Deserve to Feel Better** A herniated disc can feel like a life-altering injury, but it doesn’t have to be. With the right care team and a focused treatment plan, recovery is not only possible—it’s probable. Don’t wait in pain! Schedule with one of our **[Orthopaedic Spine Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/)** today and take your first step toward relief and recovery. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions, Spine **Tags:** Conditions, Herniated Disc, Spine --- ### [Plantar Fasciitis - Sharp, Stabbing Heel Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/plantar-fasciitis-sharp-stabbing-heel-pain/) **Published:** April 7, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## **Living with Plantar Fasciitis** You know the pain well. As you rise from bed every morning, you place your feet on the floor, only to be greeted with a sharp, stabbing sensation in your heel. It's like a jolt that reminds you that the pain isn't gone yet. After walking around for a few minutes, the discomfort may ease. Still, it always comes back when you've been on your feet too long, especially after resting or sleeping. This is a daily struggle for those living with plantar fasciitis – a condition that affects your ability to walk comfortably and can take a toll on your overall quality of life. ## **What is Plantar Fasciitis?** Plantar fasciitis occurs when a thick connective tissue running from your heel to your toes along the bottom of your foot (plantar fascia) becomes irritated and inflamed. The plantar fascia supports the foot's arch and is essential for proper foot movement and support while walking. Excessive strain or overstretching can cause tiny tears in the fascia, triggering inflammation and discomfort, particularly in the heel. While plantar fasciitis is frequently seen in physically active individuals, it can affect anyone. Symptoms tend to worsen in the morning when the tissue tightens during sleep, causing significant discomfort with the day's first steps. ## Who Gets Plantar Fasciitis? If you’ve ever felt a sharp, stabbing pain in your heel when you step out of bed in the morning, you may be dealing with plantar fasciitis—one of the most common causes of heel pain. This condition affects millions of people each year, but it’s not random. Certain groups are more likely to develop it based on lifestyle, footwear choices, and physical activity. ### 1. **Runners and Athletes** People who run regularly or participate in high-impact sports are among the most common groups to experience plantar fasciitis symptoms. Repetitive motion, especially without proper stretching or supportive footwear, can cause microtears in the plantar fascia. Increasing mileage too quickly, running on hard surfaces, or using worn-out shoes can all contribute to heel pain in runners. ### 2. **People Who Stand All Day** Working a job that keeps you on your feet for hours at a time can put you more at risk for developing plantar fasciitis. Teachers, nurses, warehouse workers, and retail staff often experience chronic foot and heel pain due to the constant pressure on their feet—especially if they’re standing on hard surfaces like concrete or not wearing cushioned shoes. ### 3. **Those with Excess Body Weight** Carrying extra weight puts more pressure on your feet and heels, making it harder for your plantar fascia to do its job. This is especially true during long periods of walking or standing. Losing even a modest amount of weight can often reduce pain and prevent further damage. ### 4. **People with Foot Structure or Gait Issues** Your natural foot shape or the way you walk could be behind your chronic heel pain. People with flat feet, high arches, or those who overpronate (roll their feet inward too much) often experience more strain on the plantar fascia, leading to irritation and inflammation. Tight calf muscles or a limited range of motion in your Achilles tendon can also increase your risk. ### 5. **Adults Between Ages 40–60** Unfortunately, age is another common factor. Middle-aged adults are more likely to develop plantar fasciitis due to natural wear and tear. The connective tissue in our bodies loses elasticity as we age, making us more prone to injury from overuse or poor support. ### 6. **People Who Wear Unsupportive Shoes** Let’s talk about your footwear! Flip-flops, ballet flats, high heels, and worn-out sneakers all share the same issue, they offer little to no arch support. Wearing these types of shoes regularly can increase your risk of developing plantar fasciitis, especially if you're walking long distances or spending hours on your feet. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- ## **Symptoms of Plantar Fasciitis** ### The symptoms of plantar fasciitis can vary in intensity but generally include: - **Heel pain** – The most common symptom is a sharp pain, often felt in the center or at the bottom of the heel. It can feel like a stabbing sensation, making walking difficult, especially after resting. - **Pain after rest** – The pain is typically more severe after long periods of sitting or lying down, such as when you first get out of bed or after long periods of inactivity. - **Swelling:** Mild swelling may occur at the bottom of the heel, especially after standing for extended periods. - **Pain with prolonged standing or walking** may decrease as you walk. Still, after prolonged periods of standing or after physical activity, the pain can return and become more intense. - **Stiffness** – After sitting or lying down for a long time, the bottom of the foot can feel stiff, making it difficult to take the first few steps of the day. --- --- ## **Causes of Plantar Fasciitis** Several contributing factors can lead to plantar fasciitis. Understanding these causes of plantar fasciitis can help prevent the condition or reduce the risk of recurrence: **Overuse and repetitive stress** Plantar fasciitis is often caused by repetitive activity that stresses the plantar fascia. High-impact activities like running or jumping can overstrain this tissue, especially if done incorrectly or without proper footwear. **Improper footwear** Shoes that lack adequate arch support, cushioning or are worn-out can exacerbate heel pressure. High heels, flip-flops, or shoes with flat soles may contribute to this strain. **Foot structure abnormalities** People with flat feet, high arches, or abnormal gait patterns may place excessive stress on the plantar fascia. The added strain causes the tissue to become overstretched, leading to inflammation and pain. **Obesity or excess weight** Extra weight puts additional pressure on the feet, making them more susceptible to injury and strain. Over time, this additional weight can cause microtears in the plantar fascia, leading to plantar fasciitis. **Tight calf muscles or Achilles** Having tightness in the calves or Achilles tendon can affect how pressure distributes across your feet. This adds stress to the plantar fascia, increasing the likelihood of inflammation and discomfort. **Aging** As you age, the plantar fascia loses some elasticity and shock-absorbing properties. This makes the tissue more prone to tears and inflammation, leading to plantar fasciitis, especially in people over 40. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## **When to See an Orthopedic Specialist For Plantar Fasciitis** You can usually manage plantar fasciitis with at-home treatments. Still, sometimes, certain situations warrant a visit to an orthopedic specialist. ### Signs to see an orthopaedic specialist for plantar fasciitis: - **Persistent pain** – If your plantar fasciitis pain lasts more than a few weeks despite your self-care efforts, it's time to seek professional help. Chronic pain could mean the inflammation has not subsided and may require more aggressive treatment. - **Difficulty walking** – If the pain interferes with your ability to walk or complete daily tasks, seeking care from an orthopedic specialist is essential. - **No improvement with over-the-counter treatments** – If over-the-counter pain relievers or home remedies like ice and stretching haven't brought any relief, you might need more specialized care to resolve the issue. - **Swelling and bruising** – If you experience swelling, bruising, or warmth around the heel, it could signal more than just plantar fasciitis. An orthopedic specialist will perform diagnostic tests to ensure no other underlying injury. - **Nerve damage symptoms** – If you experience numbness, tingling, or weakness in your foot, this could be a sign of nerve involvement, which requires immediate attention. ## **How to Treat Plantar Fasciitis at Home** Here are several strategies you can use at home to help relieve the pain and inflammation associated with plantar fasciitis: #### **Rest and avoid high-impact activities** Giving your foot time to heal is essential. Avoid activities that involve running, jumping, or standing for long periods, as these can further irritate the plantar fascia. #### **Ice therapy** Applying an ice pack to your heel for 15-20 minutes several times throughout the day can help reduce inflammation and pain. #### **OTC anti-inflammatory medications** Medications like ibuprofen or naproxen can reduce inflammation and relieve pain. Be sure to follow the recommended dosage and consult a doctor if needed. #### S**tretching exercises** Stretching your calf muscles, Achilles tendon, and the plantar fascia can help alleviate your pain and prevent stiffness. Simple exercises like towel stretches or calf stretches can improve your flexibility and reduce the strain on your foot. #### **Foot supports** Wearing supportive shoes with proper arch support and cushioning can reduce pressure on your plantar fascia. Orthotic insoles may also help distribute pressure more evenly across your foot. #### **Night splints** Wearing night splints can help maintain a light stretch of the plantar fascia while you sleep. This helps prevent the fascia from tightening during the night and reduces morning pain. ## **How to Prevent Plantar Fasciitis** Preventing plantar fasciitis is possible but it involves making adjustments to your daily habits and lifestyle. ### How to prevent plantar fasciitis: ![plantar fasciitis pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/plantar-fasciitis-pain-1024x683.jpg "plantar fasciitis pain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Wear proper footwear** – Select footwear that provides the right arch support, cushioning, and stability for your heels. Avoid walking barefoot on hard surfaces and limit prolonged use of high heels to reduce strain on your feet. **Regular Stretching** – Regularly stretch your calves, Achilles tendons, and feet to improve flexibility and reduce the risk of strain on the plantar fascia. **Maintain a healthy weight** – Keeping your weight within a healthy range will help to reduce the strain on your feet, decreasing your chances of developing plantar fasciitis. **Take breaks** **to rest** – If you stand or walk for long periods, take breaks to rest your feet and alleviate pressure. If you can't take breaks, alternating between sitting and standing can also help prevent overuse. **Strengthen your feet and lower legs** – Exercises that strengthen your calf muscles, foot muscles, and ankle stabilizers can help prevent plantar fasciitis by improving foot mechanics and reducing excessive strain. ## **Exercises to Help Release and Heal Plantar Fasciitis** ### Here are some targeted exercises to help with plantar fasciitis: **Towel Stretch** – Sitting on the floor with your legs stretched out in front of you, wrap a towel around the ball of your foot. Gently pull your foot toward you, feeling a stretch along the bottom of your foot and the back of your leg. **Calf Stretch** – Stand arm's length facing a wall and step back with one leg. Keep your back leg straight and your heel planted on the ground. Place your hands on the wall at the height of your shoulders and lean forward, stretching your calf and Achilles tendon of your back leg. **Foot Roll** – To help massage the plantar fascia and relieve built-up tension, you can use a tennis ball or similar ball under the arch of your foot. Once you place it, slowly roll it back and forth. **Toe Stretch** – While sitting with your legs extended, reach for your toes and gently pull them toward your body. This stretch helps loosen the plantar fascia and should be held for 15-30 seconds before repeating. **Heel Raises** – Stand with the balls of your feet on the edge of a step. Slowly lift yourself onto your toes, then lower your heels past the level of the step to stretch your calves and the bottom of your feet. ![close up of the legs of a woman performing gymnastic exercises to correct flat feet during ball massage at home](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/plantar-fasciitis-exercise-1024x683.jpg "close up of the legs of a woman performing gymnastic exercises to correct flat feet during ball massage at home - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Whether you're a runner, a retail worker, or someone who loves their flip-flops a little too much, plantar fasciitis can sneak up on you. Knowing your risk factors is half the battle. With the right footwear, regular stretching, and paying attention to heel pain symptoms, you can take steps (literally!) to protect your feet. Plantar fasciitis doesn't have to be a permanent issue. You can effectively manage and treat this painful condition with proper care, early intervention, and lifestyle adjustments. If your at-home treatments aren't bringing you relief or if your symptoms are worsening, Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is here to help. Our team of specialists can provide targeted therapies, advanced treatments, and personalized care to help you get back on your feet and live pain-free. > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News, Orthopaedic Conditions, Podiatry **Tags:** Conditions, Foot --- ### [Persistent Neck Pain - Pinched Nerve in the Neck](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/persistent-neck-pain-pinched-nerve-in-the-neck/) **Published:** April 3, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-39-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Could Your Neck Pain Be a Pinched Nerve in the Neck**? You wake up with a stiff neck, thinking you just slept in an odd position. But as the day goes on, the pain doesn't go away. Instead, it radiates down your shoulder and into your arm. Simple tasks like turning your head, reaching for your phone, or even sitting at your desk become uncomfortable. You think, maybe you just slept weird and it will feel better tomorrow, except the pain doesn't improve, it continues for days, even weeks. This is what living with a pinched nerve in the neck can feel like—persistent discomfort that affects your daily life. ## **What is a Pinched Nerve in the Neck?** A pinched nerve in the neck, also known as cervical radiculopathy, occurs when excessive pressure is applied to a nerve root in the cervical spine (neck area). This pressure can come from surrounding structures such as bones, cartilage, muscles, tendons, or swollen tissues, leading to nerve irritation or compression. This compression disrupts the nerve's normal function and can lead to pain, tingling, weakness, or numbness in your neck. ## **Symptoms of a Pinched Nerve in the Neck** The symptoms you experience from a pinched nerve in the neck can vary from person to person, but generally speaking, the most common symptoms often involve a discomfort that radiates beyond your neck. You may experience a sharp or burning pain that extends into the shoulder, arm, or even down to the fingers, sometimes worsening with certain movements or prolonged positions. With the pain, there may be an unusual tingling or buzzing sensation, almost like the affected area has "fallen asleep," which can become persistent or intermittent. You may also notice weakness in their grip or find it harder to perform tasks requiring fine motor skills, as the nerve's ability to send signals to the muscles is compromised. In more severe cases, prolonged compression can lead to a feeling of numbness or loss of sensation in certain areas, making it difficult to tell if you're touching something or feeling temperature changes properly. ### Symptoms of a pinched nerve in the neck: - **Pain in your neck:** Sharp, aching, or burning pain localized in the neck area. - **Radiating pain** or discomfort extending from your neck to your shoulder, arm, or even fingers. - **Limited range of motion** – Difficulty turning your head or tilting your neck without pain. - **Numbness or tingling:** A sensation of reduced or lost feeling in the affected area, sometimes accompanied by a "pins and needles" or prickling feeling. - **Muscle weakness** – Difficulty lifting objects or performing everyday tasks due to weakened muscles. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- ## **What Causes a Pinched Nerve in the Neck**? The causes of a pinched nerve in the neck can vary from person to person, but generally speaking, they stem from excessive pressure or irritation affecting the nerves in your spine in the neck. In many cases, age-related changes in the spine, such as degenerating discs or bone spurs, gradually narrow the space where nerves exit, leading to compression. Injuries, like sudden whiplash from a car accident or repetitive strain from poor posture, can also cause misalignments or inflammation that presses on the nerve. For some people, long hours spent looking down at a phone or sitting at a desk with improper ergonomics contribute to chronic strain, gradually leading to nerve irritation. Inflammatory conditions, like arthritis, or acute issues, such as a herniated disc leaking fluid onto nearby nerves, can also increase pressure, intensifying symptoms over time. ### Causes of a pinched nerve in the neck: - **Poor posture** – Slouching or looking down at screens for long periods strains your neck. - **Herniated disc** – When the soft inner material of a spinal disc pushes through its outer layer. When doing so, it can create pressure on nearby nerves, leading to pain and discomfort. - **Bone spurs** – Overgrowth of bone in your spine can narrow the spaces where nerves travel. - **Arthritis** – Inflammation and degeneration of joints can lead to nerve compression. - **Injury** – Sudden impacts from accidents or sports can lead to nerve irritation. - **Repetitive motions** – Constant strain from work or activities like texting or carrying heavy bags can contribute. ## **When to Seek Care from an Orthopedic Spine Specialist** **Pain persists for several weeks** despite home treatments. **Weakness in your arms or hands** affects daily tasks. **Loss of coordination or balance** signals nerve damage beyond just discomfort. **Symptoms worsen over time**, even with rest and self-care. **Loss of bowel or bladder control** can sometimes happen and may indicate a more serious spinal condition requiring immediate attention. ![A patient sits on the left side of the image looking at Dr. Saleh holding a model of a spine as they discuss lower back pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-16-2-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Saleh shows a patient the spine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **How to Treat a Pinched Nerve in the Neck at Home** A pinched nerve can cause discomfort ranging from mild tingling to sharp, radiating pain that disrupts daily life. Whether it’s in your neck, back, or another area, this condition occurs when surrounding tissues—such as muscles, tendons, or bones—put excess pressure on a nerve. While severe cases may require medical attention, many pinched nerves can be relieved at home with simple, effective treatments. ### From gentle stretches and posture adjustments to anti-inflammatory remedies and nerve-soothing techniques, here’s how you can ease pain and support your body’s natural healing process: - **Rest and avoid aggravating movements** – Rest is always important when it comes to home treatment. Try to minimize activities that strain your neck. Continued stress can worsen your inflammation and lengthen the time it takes for you to heal. Resting allows the affected nerve to recover without further irritation. - **Apply heat or ice** – Applying an ice pack to your neck within the first 48 hours of injury can help reduce swelling and numb pain. After the initial inflammation subsides, switching to a heating pad or warm compress can help improve blood circulation and relax tense muscles around the nerve. - **Use over-the-counter pain relievers** – Medications such as ibuprofen or naproxen can help alleviate pain and reduce inflammation, making it easier to perform daily tasks while healing. - **Adjust your sleeping position** – Sleeping with a supportive pillow, one that keeps your neck aligned with your spine, can relieve pressure on your pinched nerve. Sleeping on your back or side rather than your stomach is also beneficial to avoid excessive neck strain. - **Gentle stretching** – Performing slow and controlled neck stretches can help release the pinched nerve and improve mobility. Simple exercises such as chin tucks, neck tilts, and shoulder rolls can gradually reduce tension and enhance flexibility. - **Maintain good posture** – Practicing proper posture while sitting, standing, and using electronic devices can prevent further nerve compression. Keeping your shoulders back and your head aligned with your spine can significantly reduce neck strain. - **Massage therapy** – Massaging your neck and shoulder muscles can help improve circulation, reduce muscle tension, and promote relaxation. ## Meet Our Orthopaedic Spine Specialists ## **How to Prevent a Pinched Nerve in the Neck** Preventing a pinched nerve in the neck starts with maintaining good posture, keeping muscles strong and flexible, and avoiding repetitive strain. Poor posture, prolonged screen time, and sleeping in awkward positions can all contribute to nerve compression, leading to pain, stiffness, and discomfort. By making small adjustments—such as improving ergonomics, incorporating regular stretching, and strengthening the neck and shoulders—you can reduce the risk of nerve irritation and keep your neck healthy and pain-free. ### Here’s how to take proactive steps to prevent a pinched nerve before it starts. - **Practice good posture** – Keeping your head aligned with your spine reduces unnecessary strain on your neck. When working at a desk, ensure your monitor is at eye level, and your shoulders remain relaxed. - **Take breaks from screens** – Looking down at your phone or computer screen for long periods stresses your cervical spine. Taking frequent breaks, using a stand for devices, and adjusting screen height can help minimize the risk of nerve compression. - **Strengthen your neck and shoulder muscles** – Strengthening exercises such as chin tucks, shoulder blade squeezes, and resistance training can provide better support for your neck, reducing the likelihood of nerves becoming pinched. - **Use proper ergonomics** – Adjusting your workstation to include a supportive chair, a desk at the correct height, and a keyboard to encourage natural wrist alignment can prevent awkward neck positions contributing to nerve compression. - **Avoid carrying heavy bags on one side** – Carrying a heavy purse, backpack, or briefcase on one shoulder creates an imbalance that strains your neck muscles. Opt for a backpack with even weight distribution or frequently switch sides to help reduce stress on your cervical spine. - **Sleep with proper support** – Choosing a pillow that maintains the natural alignment of your neck and adopting a sleep position that keeps your spine in a neutral posture can help reduce strain and prevent excessive pressure on cervical nerves. - **Maintain an active lifestyle** – Regular exercise promotes flexibility, strengthens muscles, and improves overall spinal health, reducing the risk of nerve compression over time. ## **Exercises to Help Release and Heal a Pinched Nerve** When dealing with a pinched nerve, gentle movement and stretching can help alleviate pressure, improve mobility, and promote healing. ### Below is a more detailed explanation of how to perform each exercise effectively: #### **1. Chin Tucks** **Purpose:** Strengthens the deep neck flexors, improves posture, and reduces strain on the cervical spine. **How to Do It:** 1. Sit or stand with your spine straight. 2. Gently pull your chin straight back (as if making a double chin), keeping your head level. 3. Hold for 5-10 seconds, then relax. 4. Repeat 8-10 times. **Tip:** Avoid tilting your head up or down—think of sliding your head straight back. #### **2. Neck Side Bends (Lateral Flexion Stretch)** **Purpose:** Stretches the muscles along the sides of your neck to reduce tension. **How to Do It:** 1. Sit or stand with your shoulders relaxed. 2. Slowly tilt your head to one side, bringing your ear toward your shoulder. 3. Hold for 15-30 seconds, feeling the stretch along the opposite side of your neck. 4. Switch sides and repeat 3-5 times per side. **Tip:** Keep your shoulders down and relaxed to get the full benefit of the stretch. #### **3. Neck Rotations** **Purpose:** Increases flexibility and reduces stiffness in the neck. **How to Do It:** 1. Sit or stand with a straight back. 2. Slowly turn your head to the right, trying to look over your shoulder. 3. Hold for 5-10 seconds, then return to the center. 4. Repeat on the left side. 5. Do this 5-8 times on each side. **Tip:** Move slowly and avoid forcing the stretch. If you feel pain, stop immediately. #### **4. Shoulder Rolls** **Purpose:** Relieves tension in the shoulders and neck, improving blood flow. **How to Do It:** 1. Sit or stand with your arms relaxed at your sides. 2. Roll your shoulders forward in a circular motion 10 times. 3. Reverse the motion and roll them backward 10 times. **Tip:** Perform this exercise slowly and deliberately, focusing on releasing tension in your upper back and neck. #### **5. Upper Trapezius Stretch** **Purpose:** Helps release tightness in the upper shoulders and neck, which can contribute to nerve compression. **How to Do It:** 1. Sit or stand with a straight posture. 2. Tilt your head toward one shoulder. 3. Use your hand on the same side to apply light pressure, gently deepening the stretch. 4. Hold for 15-30 seconds, then switch sides. 5. Repeat 3-5 times per side. **Tip:** Keep your opposite shoulder relaxed and down to maximize the stretch. #### **Final Tips:** Perform these exercises gently—never force a stretch. Consistency is key; do them daily for best results. If you experience sharp pain or worsening symptoms, stop immediately and consult a healthcare provider. A pinched nerve in your neck can make daily activities difficult, but you don't have to live with chronic pain. You can find relief and restore normal function with proper care, treatment, and lifestyle adjustments. Our spine specialists here at Princeton Orthopaedics Associates are here to help if your symptoms persist or worsen. Reach out today for expert care and personalized treatment options to get you back to living pain-free. > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions, Spine **Tags:** Conditions, Pinched Nerve, Spine --- ### [Bowlegged - When The Legs Curve Outward at The Knees](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/bowlegged-when-the-legs-curve-outward-at-the-knees/) **Published:** February 11, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Understanding **Bowlegs: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options** ![knee doctor shows patient a model of a knee discussing fat pad impingement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **What Are Bowlegs?** Bowlegs, medically known as **genu varum**, is a condition where the legs curve outward at the knees while the ankles remain together. It is common in infants due to their fetal positioning in the womb, and in most cases, the legs straighten naturally as the child grows and begins to walk. However, if the bowing persists beyond early childhood or appears later in life, it may indicate an underlying condition requiring medical attention. Bowlegs can affect a person’s posture and how they walk (gait), potentially leading to joint misalignment and stress over time. The degree of bowing can vary from mild to severe, and its impact on daily activities depends on a person's underlying cause and individual anatomy. ## **What Does It Feel Like to Have Bowlegs?** ### Individuals may experience these bowleg symptoms: ![Image of a leg next to facts of bowlegs](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/leg_hires.png "leg hires - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**A noticeable outward curvature of the legs** when standing with feet together **Knee and hip discomfort**, especially after physical activity **Instability while walking or running** **Limited mobility**, particularly in the hips and knees **Increased stress on the joints**, which can lead to arthritis over time **Fatigue in the legs** due to inefficient movement patterns **Lower back pain** resulting from compensatory postural adjustments The severity of symptoms varies, with some individuals experiencing minimal discomfort, while others may have significant pain and difficulty moving. ## **What Causes Bowlegs?** Several factors and conditions can contribute to bowlegs, including: **Physiological Bowing** – Common in infants and young children, this naturally corrects itself by age 3 to 4. **Blount’s Disease** – A growth disorder affecting the tibia (shin bone) that worsens over time, requiring medical intervention. It is more prevalent in children who begin walking at an early age. **Rickets** – A vitamin D deficiency leading to weakened bones and improper growth. This condition can be prevented with proper nutrition and sun exposure. **Bone Dysplasia** – Abnormal bone development due to genetic conditions, often leading to long-term mobility challenges. **Paget’s Disease** – A metabolic disorder that disrupts normal bone remodeling, leading to deformities. It typically affects adults and may require lifelong management. **Poorly Healed Fractures** – If a broken leg bone heals incorrectly, it may result in permanent bowing and uneven weight distribution across the joints. **Achondroplasia** – A genetic disorder that leads to dwarfism and often results in bowlegs. This condition is associated with shorter limbs and joint laxity. **Lead or Fluoride Poisoning** – Exposure to high levels of these substances can interfere with normal bone development, potentially leading to long-term health issues beyond bowlegs. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) ## **When to Seek Treatment for Bowlegs** --- ### While mild bowing in young children often corrects itself, medical evaluation is necessary if: - The bowing persists beyond age 3 - One leg is more bowed than the other - The condition worsens over time - There is pain, instability, or difficulty walking - An underlying disease is suspected - The bowing is accompanied by other developmental delays or bone abnormalities Early intervention is crucial in cases linked to nutritional deficiencies or growth disorders, as timely treatment can improve outcomes. ### If you are an adult dealing with bowlegs, you should consider seeking treatment if you experience: - **Pain or discomfort** in the knees, hips, or ankles. - **Difficulty walking or standing** for long periods. - **Worsening bowing** or noticeable asymmetry. - **Frequent joint stiffness or instability.** - **Early signs of arthritis**, such as swelling or reduced mobility. If bowleggedness is interfering with daily activities or causing joint damage, consult a doctor or orthopedic specialist for evaluation and treatment options like physical therapy, braces, or surgery if necessary. ## **Why Treat Bowlegs?** Untreated bowlegs can lead to complications, including: - **Increased risk of arthritis**, particularly in the knees and hips, due to uneven joint stress - **Gait abnormalities** affecting posture and movement efficiency - **Lower back pain** from altered spinal alignment - **Joint instability**, making physical activities more challenging - **Increased risk of injury**, particularly in athletes and active individuals - **Muscle imbalances**, as the body compensates for misalignment - **Diminished quality of life**, as chronic pain and mobility issues impact daily activities ## **Treatment Options for Bowlegs** The appropriate treatment for bowlegs is individual and depends on the severity and underlying cause of the condition. ### **Non-Surgical Treatments** for Bowlegs - **Bracing or Orthotics** – Used in children to guide proper bone growth and support alignment correction. - **Physical Therapy** – Strengthening muscles, improving posture, and enhancing mobility to alleviate discomfort and prevent progression. - **Nutritional Supplements** – Correcting deficiencies in vitamin D or calcium for cases related to rickets, often combined with diet modifications. - **Weight Management** – Reducing excess body weight to minimize joint stress and prevent the worsening of the condition. - **Low-Impact Exercises** – Activities such as swimming or cycling can help strengthen leg muscles without excessive joint strain. ### **Surgical Treatment for Bowlegs** For severe cases, especially in teenagers and adults, surgery may be necessary. **Osteotomy** is the most common procedure, which involves: 1. Making an incision near the knee. 2. Cutting and realigning the tibia (or femur, in some cases) to correct the bowing. 3. Inserting bone grafts and securing the bone with plates, screws, or external fixators. 4. Undergoing physical therapy post-surgery to restore mobility and prevent stiffness. Recovery from an osteotomy can take **3 to 6 months**, it depends on the complexity of the procedure. Patients typically require crutches or braces initially and gradually return to normal activities. ## **What Type of Orthopedic Doctor to See?** If you suspect bowlegs in yourself or your child, consult a **pediatric orthopedic specialist** for children or an **adult orthopedic surgeon** for adults. Bowlegs can be a normal part of early childhood development but may also indicate underlying health issues. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can prevent complications, improve mobility, and enhance overall quality of life. If you or a loved one has persistent bowlegs, consult one of our orthopedic specialists to explore the best treatment options. Understanding the causes and potential impact of bowlegs can empower you to seek timely medical advice and make informed decisions about their health. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Hip, Joint Care, Knee **Tags:** Conditions, Knee --- ### [Pain on the Outer Part of Your Ankle - Peroneal Tendonitis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/pain-on-the-outer-part-of-your-ankle-peroneal-tendonitis/) **Published:** March 7, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## **Peroneal Tendonitis** **Peroneal tendonitis is a common yet also misunderstood condition affecting the outer portion of your ankle; it can cause you significant discomfort and interfere with your daily activities if left untreated.** This condition often arises due to overuse, sudden changes in physical activity, or biomechanical issues that strain the peroneal tendons. While athletes and active individuals are particularly susceptible, anyone can develop peroneal tendonitis if the tendons are subjected to excessive stress. Understanding the anatomy, causes, symptoms, and appropriate care is crucial for effective management and prevention. Understanding peroneal tendonitis, its anatomy, common causes, symptoms, treatment options, and how to prevent it can help you recover and get out of pain! ## What Is Peroneal Tendonitis? Peroneal tendonitis, also known as peroneal tendinopathy, can also be referred to by other names, including: - **Peroneal tendonitis** is the most commonly used term. - **Peroneal tendinopathy** is a medical term that describes any damage or disorder of the tendon without specifying inflammation. - **Peroneal tendon inflammation** is a more specific name indicating the inflammation of the peroneal tendons. - **Peroneal tenosynovitis** refers to inflammation of the synovial lining around the tendon, though this is a less common term. **Peroneal tendonitis refers to irritation or inflammation of the peroneal tendons, which run along the outer side of your ankle.** These tendons are important for stabilizing your ankle joint and facilitating foot movement. When these tendons become inflamed, they can cause pain, swelling, and reduced mobility. This condition is most frequently seen in individuals who engage in repetitive ankle movements, but it can also arise from acute injuries or biomechanical abnormalities. ### Specifically, there are two peroneal tendons involved in peroneal tendonitis: 1. **Peroneus Longus**: This tendon runs behind the bony prominence on the outer ankle (the lateral malleolus ) and extends underneath the foot to the arch. It helps turn the sole of the foot outward (foot eversion) and supports the foot's arch. 2. **Peroneus Brevis**: This tendon also runs behind the lateral malleolus but attaches to long bone of the outer edge of the foot. It assists with ankle stability and eversion. Peroneal tendonitis typically develops due to overuse, resulting in micro-tears and inflammation within the tendons. This condition can occur in one ankle (unilateral) or, less commonly, in both ankles (bilateral). ## Causes of Peroneal Tendonitis Peroneal tendonitis can result from various causes, often related to repetitive motion or biomechanical stress. Identifying and addressing these underlying causes is key to both treatment and prevention. ### **Overuse or Repetitive Motion**: Athletes who engage in activities involving repetitive ankle movement (e.g., running, hiking, or sports requiring quick lateral motions) are at greater risk. Over time, repetitive stress can lead to micro-tears in the tendons, causing inflammation and pain. ### **Sudden Increase in Physical Activity**: If you have a rapid increase in exercise intensity or frequency, it can strain your peroneal tendons. For instance, starting a new running regimen or abruptly increasing training volume can place excessive stress on the tendons. ### **Wearing Improper Footwear**: If you wear shoes that lack proper support, they can increase stress on the peroneal tendons. Poor arch support or insufficient cushioning can alter your foot mechanics and contribute to the irritation of your tendons. ### **Foot and Ankle Misalignment**: High arches or an abnormal gait can increase tendon strain. Individuals with these anatomical variations are more prone to overloading the peroneal tendons. ### **Previous Ankle Injuries**: A past ankle injury, like an ankle sprain, can increase your risk of developing peroneal tendonitis. If you have a history of ankle sprains or instability, you can be more susceptible because these injuries can weaken the tendons, making them more prone to inflammation. ### **Ankle instability**: Weakness or poor coordination in the ankle can contribute to stress on the tendons. ### **Biomechanical issues**: Abnormalities in the way the foot moves (like flat feet or high arches) can lead to additional stress on the tendons. Underlying conditions, such as inflammatory arthritis or connective tissue disorders, can also weaken the tendons or increase inflammation, predisposing people to peroneal tendonitis. ## Symptoms of Peroneal Tendonitis These are the common symptoms of peroneal tendonitis: **Experiencing pain along the outer side of your ankle**: This pain is usually located behind the bump on the outside of your ankle, the lateral malleolus, and may worsen with movement. **Ankle Swelling and tenderness**: The affected area of your ankle may become swollen, and the tendons themselves may also be tender to the touch. **Ankle pain that worsens with physical activity and improves with rest**: Activities such as walking, running, or standing for long periods typically aggravate symptoms, but they reduce after rest and avoiding said activities. **A sensation of ankle instability or a snapping feeling**: In some cases, the tendons may slip out of their normal position, causing a noticeable snapping sensation. **Stiffness or weakness**: Individuals may experience stiffness when moving the ankle, as well as weakness during activities requiring ankle stability. ![pain on the outside of my ankle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/pain-on-the-outside-of-my-ankle-1024x712.jpg "pain on the outside of my ankle - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Home Care for Peroneal Tendonitis If you suspect you have peroneal tendonitis, early intervention with home care is essential for symptom management and recovery. Consistent and proactive home care can prevent the condition from worsening and promote healing. Consider the following steps: 1. **Rest**: Avoid activities that exacerbate pain to allow the tendons to heal. Continuing strenuous physical activity can worsen inflammation and prolong recovery time. 2. **Ice Therapy**: Apply ice to the outside ankle area for 15-20 minutes. Do this every 2-3 hours to help reduce inflammation. Be sure to use a cloth between the ice and your skin to protect your skin and prevent frostbite. 3. **Ankle Compression**: Use an elastic bandage or ankle brace to provide support and minimize swelling. This can also offer additional stability to a weakened ankle. 4. **Elevation**: Keep the ankle elevated above heart level when resting to decrease swelling. Elevating the affected limb can reduce fluid buildup and ease discomfort. 5. **Anti-Inflammatory Medications**: Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can help relieve pain and inflammation. Follow dosage guidelines carefully and consult a healthcare provider if you have any concerns. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- ## When to See an Orthopaedic Specialist While mild cases of peroneal tendonitis may resolve with home care, we recommend you seek medical attention right away if you experience: - **Persistent pain despite rest and self-care**: If symptoms do not improve within a few weeks, a comprehensive medical evaluation may be necessary. - **Significant swelling or bruising**: Extensive swelling or discoloration around the outside of your ankle could indicate more severe tendon damage or an associated injury. - **Ankle instability or difficulty bearing weight**: Persistent instability or an inability to walk comfortably warrants a specialist's assessment. - **Popping or snapping during movement**: If you feel a popping or snapping sensationd uring movment, this may suggest tendon subluxation (displacement) or a partial tear which would require professional intervention. ### [Meet our Podiatrists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/podiatry/) ## Treatment for Peroneal Tendonitis Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and may include: - **Physical Therapy**: Customized exercise programs can restore strength and improve range of motion. Therapists may also use techniques like ultrasound therapy to help promote your healing. - **Immobilization**: Severe cases may require a walking boot or brace to limit motion and promote healing. Immobilization prevents further strain and allows the tendons to repair themselves. - **Orthotics**: Custom insoles can correct biomechanical issues and relieve tendon stress. Proper foot alignment reduces the likelihood of recurrence. - **Steroid Injections**: In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be discussed and can reduce persistent inflammation. Use of these injections will be determined by you and your treating physician. - **Surgery**: Rarely, surgery is required to repair tendon tears or address chronic instability. Surgical intervention may involve tendon repair, cleaning inflamed tissue, or stabilizing the tendons. ## Preventing Peroneal Tendonitis Proactive measures can reduce the risk of developing peroneal tendonitis, especially for those prone to ankle injuries. Consider incorporating the following strategies: **Strengthening Exercises** **for Peroneal Tendonitis:** Targeting the ankle and foot muscles enhances stability and reduces strain. Examples include: - **Ankle Eversion Exercise**: Use a resistance band to strengthen the peroneal muscles. This improves tendon resilience and stability. - **Calf Raises**: Improve overall ankle strength by lifting onto your toes and slowly lowering down. Perform both double-leg and single-leg variations for comprehensive strengthening. - **Balance Exercises**: Perform single-leg stands to enhance proprioception and stability. Balance drills can help prevent future injuries by improving coordination. **Supportive Footwear**: Choose shoes with enough arch support and cushioning, especially for high-impact activities. Custom orthotics may also be beneficial if you have high arches or foot misalignment. **Gradual Progression**: Increase physical activity levels gradually to prevent overuse. Sudden increases in intensity or duration should be avoided. **Stretching Routine**: Regularly stretch the calf muscles and ankles to maintain flexibility. Flexible tissues are less prone to injury and inflammation. If you're experiencing persistent ankle pain or instability, it's essential to seek professional care. The specialists at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates are here to provide expert diagnosis and personalized treatment plans. Schedule a consultation today to get back to the activities you love with confidence. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions **Tags:** Ankle, Conditions --- ### [When Is the Right Time for a Knee Replacement?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/when-to-get-a-knee-replacement/) **Published:** May 5, 2020 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** People with knee arthritis often come into the office with a common question. When is the right time to have my joint replaced? Although that varies from person to person, my answer is usually the same. When you have tried everything else, and it is bad enough, it is getting in the way of living your life." Knee replacement surgery can be an extremely effective tool to manage debilitating arthritis. It is, however, still a surgery. With all surgeries, there are risks, so we always exhaust every conservative option, and we attempt to manage those risks before ever moving forward. The most common complaints I get in the office include joint swelling, pain in the knee, tightness, balance issues, clicking and popping, weakness, and loss of range of motion, so these are all hallmarks of progressive arthritis of the knee. These should be evaluated by an appropriate orthopedic surgeon to determine the proper steps for you. Joint arthritis should always be managed stepwise, starting with conservative treatments first. These include the following: **1. Exercise.** Exercise is great for the knee joint and can improve your function and decrease your pain. You can do this on your own with directed activities or under the guidance of a skilled physical therapist. As arthritis progresses, it can cause stiffness of the joint, leading to loss of range of motion. Pain can cause you to guard and use your muscles less fluidly, resulting in weakness. Breakdown of the joint can also lead to stability issues resulting in the sensation that one may fall. Optimizing range of motion, strength, and balance can ultimately improve the feeling of your knee and delay the need for a joint replacement in the setting of knee arthritis. **2. Weight Loss.** One of the most reliable strategies to improve the pain in your knee and decrease the progression of arthritis is weight loss. Every pound of bodyweight you carry is equivalent to 4 pounds of force on the joint. What does that mean? That means that 10 pounds of weight loss are like taking a 40-pound weight off your leg. That being said, weight loss can be very challenging in arthritis. It can be challenging to find a way to exercise with a painful joint. The best strategies include low-impact exercise such as walking, swimming, and bicycling. It can also be helpful to solicit the help of a registered dietician or nutrition specialist in determining the correct foods to eat. Decreasing the overall number of calories consumed daily can be a fast track to weight loss. The quickest way to do this; avoid drinking your calories. Sipping more water and tea and avoiding sugared or artificially-sweetened drinks can allow the pounds to fly off. Finally, in extreme circumstances, you may require a bariatric surgical intervention to decrease the amount of daily caloric intake and facilitate weight loss. ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 56](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-56-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 56 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**3. Medication.** Several medicines can also be used to manage swelling and pain safely. We often recommend that over-the-counter medications be tried first. These include Tylenol (acetaminophen) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs). These include ibuprofen, Advil, Motrin, and Aleve. You can take these drugs safely to decrease the overall amount of joint pain one is dealing with and facilitate better function. You should monitor prolonged use under the care of a physician. Please discuss this with your doctor before taking it for more than one month's time. Narcotics and illicit drugs are very rarely the answer. While these drugs can manage acute pain, they are poor medications at managing chronic pain. We strongly recommend against taking opiate pain medications to control your osteoarthritis. **4. Injections.** Injections can be an excellent tool for decreasing joint pain and improving your day-to-day life. Different injections are often employed in arthritis, with other functions and durations of use. The first-line treatment is usually a steroid (cortisone) shot. Intraarticular corticosteroid injections can decrease the swelling of the joint and improve pain and function. While these are not permanent solutions, they can have a lasting effect on many people, especially mild arthritis. Viscosupplement injections (hyaluronic acid) - while these come by several names, including gel shots (chicken fat), lubricant shots, viscosupplementation injections can be a great tool to decrease their joint pain. While not a solution for everyone, these shots can be very effective and can be taken every six months to improve the overall function in the joint and decrease pain. Discuss this with your doctor. Surgery is the last option. When conservative options have been tried and exhausted, and the pain and loss of function affect your quality of life, surgery may be the last option on your plate. The main things to do before having surgery are to get healthy. Losing bodyweight not helps decrease the pain of the joint but also speeds your recovery and improves the longevity of a joint replacement. Also, managing your chronic conditions like blood pressure issues, diabetes, and unhealthy habits such as smoking should be optimized before choosing an elective surgery, as this may decrease your chance of complications and once again improve your overall outcome. When it is ultimately time to consider a joint replacement, a partial or total knee replacement may suit you. This should be decided with your x-rays with your treating orthopedic surgeon. In general, we use minimally-invasive techniques, avoiding damage to the knee joint muscles. Additional technologies are utilized in the appropriate scenarios, including custom-made knee instrumentation, navigation, and robotic surgery. While not necessary for all surgeries, this can be helpful in complex systems and unique cases. Finally, joint replacement has come far enough to be performed as an outpatient procedure. Young and healthy individuals with moderate-to-severe knee arthritis may be eligible candidates to complete their joint replacement and go home the same day. Please talk to your doctor about any questions regarding your knee arthritis. **Categories:** Knee --- ### [The Achilles Tendon](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/the-achilles-tendon/) **Published:** October 3, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** **The Achilles tendon is a strong band of tissue that connects the muscles in your calf to your heel bone**. It is the largest tendon in your body and is important for activities like walking, running, and jumping because it helps your foot push off the ground. The Achilles tendon is made up of two main muscle groups: the gastrocnemius and the soleus. These muscles work together to help you move and keep your ankle stable. Since the Achilles tendon is used a lot during physical activities, it can get injured or develop problems, such as Achilles tendonitis or ruptures. That’s why it’s important to take care of it and keep it flexible. ## **Living with Achilles Tendon Pain** Imagine waking up in the morning, swinging your feet out of bed, and feeling a sharp, persistent pain at the back of your ankle. You stand up, but each step feels like a battle, with every move reminding you that something isn’t quite right. Whether you’re an athlete or simply someone going about your regular daily activities, dealing with Achilles tendon pain can severely impact your life. Whether it's climbing stairs to walking short distances, every motion becomes a conscious, painful effort. Over time, the discomfort can worsen, which makes it difficult for you to carry out even the simplest tasks, like getting out of bed or standing for extended periods. Although achilles tendon injuries range in severity, they are all disruptive. Understanding the causes of issues, symptoms, and treatment options can help you prevent long-term damage and help you manage the pain effectively. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) ## What Are Achilles Tendon Injuries? The Achilles tendon, which is the strongest and largest tendon in the body, connects your calf muscles to your heel bone. It transmits the force generated by your muscles to your foot and plays an essential role in walking, running, and jumping. You can imagine that the importance of this tendon also makes it vulnerable to a range of injuries due to overuse, improper footwear, and sudden stress. ### The most common Achilles tendon injuries include: - **Achilles Tendonitis**: Inflammation of the tendon, often caused by repetitive strain or overuse. It is common among runners, athletes, and those who engage in high-impact activities without proper warm-up or technique. - **Achilles Tendon Rupture**: A rupture is a partial or complete tear of the tendon, often caused by sudden, forceful movements, such as jumping or pivoting quickly. Ruptures are more severe and typically require medical intervention. - **Achilles Tendonosis**: Degeneration of the tendon tissue due to chronic overuse or untreated tendonitis. This condition leads to stiffness and reduced mobility and increases the risk of rupture. ## Symptoms: How to Identify Achilles Tendon Issues ![achilles tendon](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/achilles-tendon-1024x683.jpg "achilles tendon - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Achilles tendon problems are characterized by pain and stiffness, but depending on the type of injury, the location and intensity of your pain can vary. ### Common symptoms include: - **Pain**: The pain is usually localized to the back of the ankle, just above the heel. In the case of Achilles tendonitis, the pain may worsen during physical activity or after long periods of inactivity, such as when getting up after sitting for an extended time. In more severe cases, like a rupture, you may experience sudden, sharp pain and even hear a popping sound. - **Swelling**: Swelling around the Achilles tendon is another hallmark sign of injury. This swelling can occur with tendonitis or a tear and is often accompanied by warmth and tenderness in the affected area. - **Stiffness**: Stiffness in the morning or after resting is a common symptom, especially with Achilles tendonitis. If your condition worsens, it becomes more difficult to flex your foot or walk without discomfort. - **Weakness**: You may notice weakness in your calf muscles, making it hard to stand on your tiptoes or push off your foot while walking. ## Why Does Achilles Tendon Pain Occur? Achilles tendon pain occurs primarily due to inflammation, degeneration, or tearing of the tendon fibers. These injuries tend to form because of repetitive stress, improper biomechanics, or sudden high-impact movements. ### Some causes of Achilles tendon pain: - **Overuse**: Overuse such as repetitive movements in sports, exercise, or even daily tasks can put excessive stress on the Achilles tendon. If you increase their training intensity too quickly,you are at higher risk. - **Sudden Movements**: Quick, sudden movements like jumping, pivoting, or pushing off forcefully during activities like basketball, tennis, or running can lead to tendon tears. - **Tight Muscles**: Tight calf muscles or inadequate stretching can increase strain on the tendon, making it more susceptible to injury. - **Improper Footwear**: Wearing shoes that lack proper support or cushioning can misalign the feet and increase stress on the Achilles tendon. - **Age**: As we age, the Achilles tendon becomes less flexible and more prone to injury, particularly in individuals who remain active without proper conditioning. # Meet Our Sports Medicine Doctors ## Preventing Achilles Tendon Injuries Preventing Achilles tendon injuries requires a combination of good habits and awareness of your body’s limits. ### Here are some effective prevention strategies: - **Stretch Regularly**: By regularly stretching your calf muscles and Achilles tendon you will help to maintain flexibility. Focus on slow, controlled stretches, especially before and after exercise. - **Strengthening Exercises**: Strengthen your calf muscles with exercises such as heel raises and resistance band workouts. Stronger muscles will help support the tendon and reduce the risk of injury. - **Gradual Progression**: Gradually increase your workout or training levels to allow your body to adapt. Suddenly increasing the intensity or duration of your physical activities can cause issues, so make sure to avoid those. - **Wear Supportive Footwear**: Invest in shoes that provide proper support and cushioning for your feet. This is especially important for athletes and those who spend long periods on their feet. ## How to Care for Achilles Tendon Injuries If you’ve injured your Achilles tendon, it’s crucial to address it immediately to prevent further damage. Here are key steps for caring for Achilles tendon issues: ### At-Home Treatments 1. **Rest**: Limit activities that put a strain on the Achilles tendon. Avoid running, jumping, or engaging in high-impact sports until the pain subsides. 2. **Ice Therapy**: Apply ice to the affected area for 15-20 minutes, multiple times daily, to reduce inflammation and swelling. 3. **Compression**: Use a compression bandage. This helps to support the tendon and minimize your swelling. 4. **Elevation**: Elevate your foot whenever possible to reduce swelling. 5. **Over-the-Counter Pain Relief**: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can help manage pain and inflammation. ### What to Avoid - **Sudden Movements**: Avoid sudden, jerky movements that can strain the tendon further. - **Prolonged Immobility**: While rest is important, prolonged immobility can lead to stiffness. Engage in gentle range-of-motion exercises to keep the tendon flexible. ### Exercises for Recovery and Prevention Incorporating specific exercises can aid in recovery and prevent future injuries: ![low section of athletic woman in sportswear exercising](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/how-to-cure-achilles-tendonitis-fast-683x1024.jpg "low section of athletic woman in sportswear exercising - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### **Heel Raises**: Stand on a step with your heels hanging off the edge. Slowly rise onto your toes, then lower your heels below the level of the step. This exercise strengthens the calf muscles and Achilles tendon. #### **Towel Stretch**: Sit with your legs extended our in front of you and loop a towel around the ball of your foot. Gently pull the towel towards you while you keep your knee straight. #### **Eccentric Calf Raises**: Stand on one leg, rise onto your toes, and slowly lower yourself down. This exercise focuses on strengthening the tendon while it lengthens. ## When to Seek Help from a POA Orthopaedic Surgeon While at-home care can often alleviate mild Achilles tendon pain, certain symptoms indicate the need for professional intervention: - **Persistent Pain**: If the pain doesn’t improve with rest and at-home treatment, it’s time to see an orthopaedic specialist. - **Sudden Injury**: If you experience a sudden, sharp pain or hear a popping sound, seek urgent care immediately, as these are signs of an Achilles tendon rupture. - **Inability to Walk**: If you’re unable to walk without significant pain or weakness, it’s critical to see a specialist. ### What Type of Orthopaedic Surgeon Should You See? For Achilles tendon issues, you will want to consult with a [sports medicine specialist](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/) or a [foot and ankle specialist](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/). These surgeons have specific expertise in treating tendon injuries and can offer tailored treatment plans based on your condition. ### Medical Treatment from an Orthopaedic Surgeon When you visit a POA orthopaedic surgeon, the treatment plan may include: - **Physical Therapy**: Tailored exercises assigned to you to improve flexibility, strength, and mobility. - **Immobilization**: Preventing movement by using a cast, brace, or walking boot allows the tendon to heal. - **Surgery**: In severe cases of Achilles tendon rupture, surgery may be necessary to repair the torn tendon. The surgeon will reattach the tendon and prescribe a rehabilitation plan for recovery. ## When to Seek Urgent Care If you suspect a rupture or experience intense, sudden pain, don’t wait—seek urgent medical attention. Ruptured tendons require immediate intervention to avoid long-term disability. --- ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- ## Let POA Help You Out of Pain Achilles tendon injuries can be debilitating, but with proper care and timely treatment, they are manageable. If you’re dealing with persistent Achilles tendon pain or suspect a rupture, it’s essential to schedule an appointment with one of POA’s highly trained orthopaedic surgeons. Whether you need physical therapy, non-invasive treatments, or surgical intervention, our specialists are here to guide you every step of the way. Don’t let Achilles tendon pain keep you from living your life—[contact POA today to schedule your consultation.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News, Sports Medicine, Tibia, Ankle, & Foot **Tags:** Achilles Tendon, Ankle, Conditions, Sports Medicine --- ### [How to Keep Your Knees Strong? Keep Your Muscles Strong!](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-to-keep-your-knees-strong-keep-your-muscles-strong/) **Published:** January 18, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** **As the largest joint in the body, the knee is one of the most easily injured.** Millions of people visit their doctor every year because of common knee problems, including fractures, ligament and cartilage tears, overuse injuries, and osteoarthritis. So how do you keep your knees strong and help protect them from injury? Put simply, keep your muscles strong. (and keep your weight down) **Vulnerable to Injury** Your knees provide stable support for your body and allow your legs to bend and straighten. They are aided by the muscles in the front of your thigh (quadriceps) and the back of your thigh (hamstrings). Because they (are) made up of many components – bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons – your knees are vulnerable to various injuries. Athletes of all ages – from the high school soccer star to the middle-aged weekend warrior – are susceptible to acute injuries like tears to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the meniscus (as well as traumatic cartilage injuries). Additionally, athletes, particularly young athletes who (specialize) in only one sport year-round, are at high risk for overuse injuries, including: - Patellafemoral pain syndrome, which causes pain in the front of the knee. - Patellar tendonitis, inflammation of the tendon that connects the kneecap to the shin bone. - Iliotibial (IT) band syndrome, inflammation of the band of tissue that runs along the side of the thigh and knee Further, young athletes are also at greater risk for growth plate injuries. Growth plates are areas of developing cartilage at the ends of long bones where bone growth occurs in children. When the growth plate is injured, it can fracture and disrupt average bone growth. (Several studies have demonstrated that if a young athlete who is skeletally immature (growth plates are still open) specializes in one sport year-round, they have a 15-20x increased chance of musculoskeletal injuries compared with the same athlete that participates in multiple sports during the same period.) Simply put, young athletes should be encouraged to participate in a variety of sports up until they are more skeletally mature (15-16 years old for boys and 13-14 years old for girls). As you age, knee problems are generally associated with osteoarthritis, resulting from wear and tear on the joint. With osteoarthritis, the protective cartilage in the knee gradually wears away, resulting in bone rubbing on bone. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, osteoarthritis affects more than 30 million adults in the United States. In addition to age, risk factors for osteoarthritis include: - (Traumatic) injury or overuse. - Gender, women are more likely to develop osteoarthritis than men, especially after age 50. - Being overweight or obese. Extra weight puts extra stress on the knees. - Genetics. People who have family members with osteoarthritis are at greater risk of developing osteoarthritis themselves. Symptoms of a knee problem depend on the type of injury or condition. However, most knee problems cause pain and may limit your availability to move your knee. (Knee swelling can also indicate a structural issue.) ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 59](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-59-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 59 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Diagnosing and Treating** Doctors can often diagnose knee problems with a medical history and physical exam. We may recommend x-rays and other imaging tests to confirm the problem. Treatment depends on the condition, but it involves physical therapy to strengthen the knee and the muscles surrounding it in most cases. We can usually treat tendon injuries with rest, ice, compression, and elevation. Our team may treat osteoarthritis with anti-inflammatory (medications) or cortisone (steroid) injections to reduce pain and swelling. If knee injuries do not respond to conservative treatments, surgery may be necessary. At the University Medical Center of Princeton (UMCP), board-certified orthopedic specialists, also experts in sports medicine, offer advanced, minimally invasive techniques to treat knee conditions. We can often treat sports injuries (including ligament and meniscal damage) with arthroscopic surgery, a minimally invasive procedure that enables doctors to examine and repair (or reconstruct) tissues inside (the knee) through small incisions around the joint. **Protecting Your Knees** You cannot avoid some knee problems, but you can prevent many conditions by doing the following: - Warm up before playing sports. (Breaking a sweat by jogging followed) by stretching are good warm-up (strageties). Stretching the quadriceps, hamstrings, calf, and hip muscle groups helps warm up the knees. (Stretching after athletic participation is also important in for injury prevention) - Strengthen your leg muscles through exercise, conditioning and weight training. Strong thigh and leg muscles help support and protect the knees. - Cross-train. Protect your knee muscles from overuse injuriesby varying your sports. For instance, if you play basketball, try swimming for a season. If you’re a runner, hop on a bike instead. - Avoid sudden changes in the intensity of exercise and increase the force or duration of activity slowly. - Wear the proper footwear and protective gear when playing sports. - Maintain a healthy weight. Even one less pound can help take the pressure off your knees. It is important to note that exercise, including low-impact movement, can help relieve symptoms and slow the progression even if you have osteoarthritis. If you suffer from knee pain or injury, talk to your doctor before the condition worsens. Often, physical therapy and medication will be enough to get you back on the field or back to your normal activities in no time. **Categories:** Knee --- ### [Muscle Cramps in The Hands](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/muscle-cramps-in-the-hands/) **Published:** March 4, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** **If you're experiencing hand cramps, or muscle cramps in your hands, it can significantly affect your daily activities.** Whether you're typing on a keyboard, cooking a meal, or simply opening a bag or a jar, hand cramps can make these simple, everyday tasks frustrating and sometimes painful. For some people, hand cramps may start subtly—a slight stiffness or discomfort that comes and goes. Over time, the cramps may become more intense and frequent, interfering with work, hobbies, and everyday routines. Hand cramps are a common yet bothersome issue that can affect anyone. These sudden, involuntary muscle contractions in the hands can cause discomfort, disrupt daily routines, and strike at the most inconvenient times. Understanding why you're experiencing hand cramps is the first step toward finding relief and preventing future episodes. ## What Are Muscle Cramps in Hands? ![Doctor examining patient's hand cramps](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-55-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Ark Hand Doctor Princeton - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Hand cramps are involuntary muscle spasms or contractions in your hands and fingers. They can appear gradually and range from mild twitching to intense pain and stiffness. Initially, you may notice a mild tightening or twitching sensation in your fingers or palm. As the cramps progress, the stiffness can become more pronounced, sometimes accompanied by sharp or throbbing pain. You might experience involuntary muscle spasms, making it difficult to control fine motor movements. They can last a few seconds or persist for several minutes and worsen without intervention, making it difficult to use your hands comfortably. Occasional hand cramps may be harmless, but persistent or severe cramping could indicate an underlying health issue that needs attention. ## Symptoms of Hand Cramps It can be easy to ignore or push away the issues you are having with hand cramps, but recognizing the symptoms of when hand cramps are an issue can help you identify and manage them effectively. While the individual intensity and duration of cramps can vary, the following symptoms are common: **Sudden Muscle Contractions:** Experiencing sudden, involuntary tightening or spasms in the hand muscles that occur unexpectedly and range from mild to severe. **Tingling or Numbness:** Experiencing a prickling sensation or temporary loss of feeling, often caused by poor circulation or nerve compression, may accompany you hand cramps. **Stiffness:** Reduced flexibility in the hands and fingers can make movement difficult and impede the completion of daily tasks. **Pain and Discomfort:** It's common to experience mild to severe aching or sharp pain accompanying muscle cramps; this pain may also linger after the cramp subsides. **Tightness or Swelling:** Experiencing a sensation of fullness or visible swelling in the affected area can indicate muscle strain or fluid retention, further contributing to discomfort. **Fingers Curling or Locking:** Temporary and involuntary bending of the fingers, causing temporary stiffness or difficulty straightening them. **Difficulty Gripping Objects:** Struggling to hold or carry items due to hand stiffness, weakness, or sudden cramps. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- ## What Causes Muscle Cramps in Hands? Certain daily activities can increase the likelihood of experiencing hand cramps due to muscle strain or fatigue. Identifying your specific triggers can help you make changes to reduce the frequency and intensity that you experience issues with your hands cramping. ### Common daily-life causes of muscle cramps in your hands: **Frequent Typing and Desk Work:** Extended periods of typing or using a mouse can strain hand muscles. Poor ergonomics and repetitive movements increase the risk of muscle fatigue, leading to cramps. If you spend hours working on a computer without adequate breaks, your hand muscles may become overworked and become prone to spasms. **Lifting Heavy Objects:** Frequent lifting or gripping heavy items can overwork the hand muscles, causing painful cramps and muscle tightness. This is particularly common in professions requiring manual labor or during intensive household tasks. **Waking Up From Sleep:** Sleep positions that restrict blood flow or place pressure on the hands can lead to morning hand cramps. You may experience a tight, clenched sensation upon waking up, especially if your hands were in an awkward position during the night. **Cooking and Food Preparation:** Repetitive hand motions like chopping, cutting, and stirring can cause muscle strain, resulting in sudden cramping sensations. Prolonged food preparation sessions without breaks can exacerbate the issue. **Sports and Physical Activity:** Activities that require repeated or forceful hand movements, such as tennis, golf, or weightlifting, can cause cramping due to muscle overuse. Athletes and fitness enthusiasts who push their muscles without sufficient recovery time are particularly vulnerable. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 9](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-9-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 9 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Physical and medical causes of muscle cramps in your hands: Several physical factors can contribute to hand cramps. Identifying the underlying cause is crucial for effective treatment and prevention. Here are the most common causes: **Muscle Overuse and Fatigue:** Repetitive hand movements without adequate rest can fatigue the muscles, causing cramps. This is common in individuals who type extensively, play musical instruments, or perform manual labor. Overuse can lead to muscle strain, which increases the likelihood of involuntary contractions. **Dehydration:** Insufficient hydration can disrupt the balance of electrolytes like potassium and magnesium, leading to muscle cramps. Muscles rely on proper fluid levels to contract and relax efficiently, so staying well-hydrated is essential to maintain optimal muscle function. **Poor Circulation:** Conditions that impair blood flow, such as Raynaud's disease or carpal tunnel syndrome, can cause hand cramps by limiting oxygen delivery to muscles. Restricted circulation reduces the availability of essential nutrients, increasing the risk of cramping. **Nutrient Deficiencies:** A lack of essential minerals, particularly magnesium, potassium, and calcium, can increase the likelihood of muscle cramps. These nutrients play a vital role in muscle contraction and nerve function, and a deficiency may lead to frequent spasms. **Underlying Medical Conditions:** Chronic health issues like arthritis, diabetes, and thyroid dysfunction can affect nerve and muscle health, leading to frequent hand cramps. Neuromuscular conditions can interfere with the normal function of your muscles and cause persistent cramping. ## What to do For Muscle Cramps in Hands If you want to get rid of muscle cramps in your hands, several strategies can provide immediate relief and help prevent future occurrences. Implementing these techniques can reduce the severity and frequency of cramps: **Stretching and Gentle Exercise:** Perform regular hand and finger stretches to maintain flexibility and reduce muscle tension. Gentle stretching increases blood flow, helps muscles relax, and alleviates cramps while preventing future occurrences. **Stay Hydrated:** Ensure you drink plenty of water throughout the day to prevent dehydration and maintain proper electrolyte balance. Hydrated muscles are less likely to cramp, especially during periods of physical activity. **Warm Compress:** Applying a warm compress or soaking your hands in warm water can soothe cramped muscles and enhance blood flow, relieving stiffness and discomfort. Heat therapy can be particularly effective when cramps are caused by poor circulation or muscle fatigue. **Massage Therapy:** Gently massaging the cramped muscles improves circulation and promotes muscle relaxation. Apply light pressure to the affected area using your opposite hand to ease tension and encourage blood flow. **Ergonomic Adjustments:** Optimize your workstation with ergonomic tools to reduce strain on your hands. Use a comfortable chair, position your keyboard properly, and take regular breaks to stretch. These adjustments can prevent repetitive strain and muscle fatigue. **Dietary Supplements:** If you have a confirmed nutrient deficiency, consider taking magnesium or potassium supplements after consulting with a healthcare professional. These minerals play a crucial role in muscle relaxation and nerve signaling, which can prevent future cramps. ### Meet our [Hand & Wrist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/hand-wrist/) specialists. ## When to See a Doctor About Hand Cramps While occasional hand cramps are usually harmless, persistent or severe cramps may indicate an underlying medical condition. You should consult an orthopaedic hand specialist if you experience: - Frequent or worsening hand cramps. - Persistent numbness or tingling. - Hand weakness or loss of function. - Cramping that interferes with daily activities. Our hand specialists can diagnose the cause of your hand cramps and recommend appropriate treatments, such as physical therapy, medication, or specialized care. ## Prevention: How to Stop Muscle Cramps in Hands If you are prone to experiencing hand cramps, you can reduce the frequency and intensity of hand cramps by taking proactive measures. Similar to treatment for hand cramps but not quite the same, here are some prevention tips: - **Hydrate Adequately:** Drink sufficient water daily to maintain muscle function and prevent cramps. - **Maintain Balanced Nutrition:** Ensure your diet includes essential minerals like magnesium, potassium, and calcium. - **Practice Regular Stretching:** Incorporate hand and finger stretches into your routine to maintain muscle flexibility. - **Use Ergonomic Tools:** Adjust your work environment to minimize hand strain and fatigue. - **Take Breaks:** Allow your hands to rest during repetitive tasks to prevent overuse and muscle exhaustion. Experiencing hand cramps can be uncomfortable and disruptive to your daily functioning. Understanding their causes and adopting preventive measures can help you manage and reduce their occurrence. However, if you are dealing with persistent symptoms, seeking medical advice is essential to identify and address any underlying health conditions and set you down the right treatment path. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Conditions, Hand --- ### [What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome? Experiencing Tingling Pain in Your Wrist and Fingers](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-carpal-tunnel-syndrome-tingling-pain-in-your-wrist-and-fingers/) **Published:** February 11, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![Dr. Ark, orthopaedic hand doctor, discusses thumb twitching symptoms and carpal tunnel syndrome with a patient using a skeleton model of the hand.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")If you’ve been experiencing numbness, tingling, or pain in your wrist and fingers, you might be **wondering if you have carpal tunnel syndrome**. Carpal tunnel is a common condition that affects millions of people. It can significantly impact daily activities. Understanding carpal tunnel syndrome can help you take steps toward relief and prevention. ## The Daily Struggle with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Living with carpal tunnel syndrome can be incredibly frustrating and disruptive. Simple daily tasks like typing, holding a phone, gripping a steering wheel, or even buttoning a shirt can become painful and difficult. Many people struggle with sleep due to tingling and numbness, waking them up in the middle of the night. Even work productivity can suffer, especially for those in jobs requiring repetitive hand movements, such as office workers, hairstylists, and factory workers. If you have hobbies involving heavy use of your hands, like crocheting, cooking, or playing an instrument, carpal tunnel syndrome can cause them to become challenging. Dealing with this persistent discomfort and unpredictability of symptoms can be frustrating and lead to fatigue, impacting your overall well-being and quality of life. ## Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, What is It? It's a pretty commonly known condition, but what is it? Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) happens when the median nerve, running from your forearm into your hand, becomes compressed at your wrist. This nerve passes through the carpal tunnel, which is a narrow passageway in your wrist that is surrounded by your bones and ligaments. This tunnel can become too narrow due to swelling or inflammation, and when this happens, it puts pressure on the median nerve, which leads to the symptoms accompanying carpal tunnel syndrome. ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-35-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Carpal tunnel symptoms often start gradually and may worsen over time, making it important to know the common signs. ### Common signs of possible carpal tunnel syndrome include: - **Tingling or numbness**: This often affects the thumb, index, middle, and ring fingers, but specifically not the pinky. The sensation can also extend up the arm. - **Pain or discomfort**: It is common for many people to feel aching or burning pain in the wrist, palm, or forearm. - **Weakness**: If you have carpal tunnel, you might notice that your grip strength has weakened, making it harder to hold objects or perform fine motor tasks. - **Nighttime symptoms**: With carpal tunnel syndrome, your symptoms will often worsen at night, sometimes waking you up from sleep with a need to shake out your hands. The gradual onset of carpal tunnel symptoms can sometimes make it more difficult to realize what might be going on. If you have some or all of these symptoms, we recommend seeing one of our orthopaedic hand & wrist specialists. Seeking a proper diagnosis will help you get set on the right treatment plan for you and relieve your discomfort. ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-28-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- ## Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Symptoms vs. Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Symptoms While carpal tunnel syndrome and [cubital tunnel syndrome ](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/cubital-tunnel-syndrome/)share some similarities, they affect distinctly different areas and nerves. It can seem easy to confuse by name, but once you understand each condition, you can better determine which may be causing your pain. ### Below is a quick comparison of the symptoms: #### **Cubital Tunnel Syndrome** Affects the ulnar nerve at the elbow Pain radiates from elbow to hand Symptoms include pinky and ring finger numbness Symptoms may worsen with elbow flexion #### **Carpal Tunnel Syndrome** Affects the median nerve at the wrist Pain typically radiates from wrist to hand Symptoms include thumb and index finger numbness Symptoms worsen with wrist flexion ## Causes and Risk Factors Carpal tunnel syndrome can be caused by anything that puts pressure on the median nerve. ### Some common causes and risk factors include: - **Repetitive hand movements**: Frequent typing, using a mouse, or assembly line work can contribute to CTS by causing repetitive strain on the wrist and tendons, leading to swelling. - **Wrist position**: Holding the wrist in a bent position for long periods, such as when using a phone, sleeping, or driving, can increase the likelihood of nerve compression. - **Medical conditions**: Conditions such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disorders, and obesity can increase inflammation or fluid retention, which may contribute to carpal tunnel syndrome. - **Injury or swelling**: Fractures, sprains, or direct trauma to the wrist can lead to swelling and narrowing of the carpal tunnel, putting pressure on the median nerve. - **Hormonal changes**: Pregnancy and menopause can cause issues with fluid retention and swelling. Which increases the risk of developing CTS. - **Genetics**: It is possible to be genetically prone to carpal tunnel syndrome. Some people can simply be born with a smaller carpal tunnel. Having this smaller tunnel can make you more prone to nerve compression. - **Work environment**: Jobs that require forceful or repetitive hand movements, vibrating tools, or prolonged wrist flexion can heighten the risk of developing CTS. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## How Is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Diagnosed? If you suspect you have CTS, it's important to see an orhtopaedic specialist to evaluate your symptoms and condition. An orthopaedic hand doctor can accurately diagnose the condition and set you on the right path to finding relief. ### What will an orhtopaedic hand doctor do to diagnose your condition: ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 7](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-7-6-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 7 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Physical exam**: Checking for tingling, numbness, and muscle weakness. **Tinel’s test**: Tapping on the median nerve to see if it triggers tingling. **Phalen’s test**: Holding your wrists in a flexed position to see if symptoms develop. **Nerve conduction studies**: Measuring how well electrical signals travel through the median nerve. **Imaging:** MRI or an ultrasound can create detailed images of the carpal tunnel, helping to confirm CTS and identify any other underlying issues. ## Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Treatment If you are struggling with possible carpal tunnel pain in your wrists, the good news is that carpal tunnel syndrome is treatable! The treatment options for your CTS may vary depending on the severity of your symptoms and may include: - **Lifestyle changes**: Adjusting work habits such as improving ergonomics, and taking breaks can help relieve pressure on the nerve. - **Wrist splints**: Wearing a wrist splint, especially at night, can help keep your wrist in a neutral position, letting it rest, and reduce symptoms. - **Ice and anti-inflammatory medications**: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen can be useful to help reduce swelling and discomfort. - **Exercises and physical therapy**: Specific stretches and strengthening exercises can improve wrist mobility and nerve function. - **Steroid injections**: For some, steroid injections are a great option to address the pain you are experiencing from your carpal tunnel syndrome. Corticosteroid shots can help reduce the inflammation in your wrist and provide you temporary relief from your pain. - **Surgery**: In severe cases, a procedure called carpal tunnel release surgery can create more space for the median nerve, relieving symptoms. --- ### Meet Our [Hand and Wrist Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/) --- ## Preventing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome While not all cases of CTS can be prevented, you can take steps to lower your risk of developing it. Here are a few examples of steps you can proactively take to prevent carpal tunnel syndrome: - **Maintain proper wrist posture**: With the prevalence of desk and keyboard work, improper ergonomics can greatly impact your wrist issues. It can be beneficial to help prevent this if you focus on proper ergonomics and keep your wrists straight while typing and using your mouse. - **Take breaks**: If your work or hobbies involve performing repetitive tasks, it is important to make sure you give your hands a rest. - **Stretch regularly**: Regularly doing simple hand and wrist stretches can help keep your median nerve from becoming compressed. - **Use ergonomic tools**: A well-designed keyboard, mouse, or wrist support can reduce strain. - **Stay active and healthy**: Managing conditions like diabetes and arthritis can help prevent CTS from developing. ## Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Stretches ### Here are some simple **hand and wrist stretches** to help with **carpal tunnel syndrome** relief: ### 1. **Wrist Flexor Stretch** - Extend one arm straight with your palm facing up. - Use your other hand to gently pull your fingers down and back. - Hold for **15–30 seconds**, then switch hands. ### 2. **Wrist Extensor Stretch** - Extend one arm straight with your palm facing down. - Use your other hand to pull your fingers toward you. - Hold for **15–30 seconds**, then switch hands. ### 3. **Prayer Stretch** - Place your palms together in front of your chest (like a prayer). - Slowly lower your hands while keeping your palms together until you feel a stretch. - Hold for **15–30 seconds**. ### 4. **Median Nerve Glide** - Make a fist with your thumb tucked in. - Slowly open your fingers, extending them straight. - Then extend your thumb outward and stretch your wrist back slightly. - Repeat **5–10 times** on each hand. ### 5. **Shake It Out** - Gently shake your hands for **10–15 seconds** to relieve stiffness. Try doing these **2–3 times a day** to help with flexibility and reduce tension. ## When to See a Doctor If you’re experiencing persistent symptoms that are gradually worsening and interfere with daily activities, it’s best to see a healthcare provider. Seeking early intervention can prevent your condition from worsening and help you find relief sooner. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common but manageable condition. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment options can help you take the right steps to relieve your discomfort and protect your hands! If you suspect you have CTS, making small changes now can make a big difference in your long-term hand health! > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Carpal Tunnel, Hand, Wrist --- ### [Hip Bursitis 101: What It Is and How to Treat It](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/hip-bursitis-101/) **Published:** June 24, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** Hip bursitis is a painful condition caused by inflammation of the small sacs that cushion the hip joint. It can be painful enough to limit mobility, including walking upstairs or getting out of a deep chair. The good news is, there are several treatment options available for hip bursitis. The experts at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can find the right treatment plan for your pain. ## What Is Hip Bursitis? Hip bursitis, also known as trochanteric bursitis, is an inflammation of the bursa, tiny fluid-filled sacs near the hip joint called the greater trochanter. This joint is the area where the head of the femur (thigh bone) meets the long part of the bone. This area has a bursa that cushions the femur and its joint with the pelvis (hip bone). There are several possible causes of hip bursitis: - Hip injury due to a fall or impact - Bad posture - Overuse from climbing stairs or standing for too long - Bone spurs on the hip - Poor joint positioning leading to soft tissue damage - Previous surgery - Chronic ailments such as arthritis or gout Symptoms can include pain or stiffness, particularly when climbing stairs or standing from a deep chair or cushion. The pain tends to be on the side of the hip but can radiate around to the outside of the buttock or the hip. ## Treatment of Hip Bursitis Treatment of hip bursitis can vary depending on the severity of the pain and inflammation. That’s why it’s essential to assess your pain level before deciding on the best course of treatment. That treatment can range from over-the-counter pain medications to surgery. Treatment begins with nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen. It also may require rest of the joint, which means not standing for long periods or not climbing stairs. The next step is corticosteroid injections, which quickly reduce inflammation and pain. Relief can last several weeks to a few months. Physical therapy can build up strength in the joint, straighten the joint, improve posture, and reduce pain and inflammation. We can also use physical therapy sessions to recover from bursitis and help prevent it from recurring. If these methods fail to alleviate or eliminate the pain, surgery may be necessary. During surgery, the surgeon removes the bursa causing the problem. The surgery can be performed arthroscopically using only small incisions, which means faster healing for the patient. Surgery for hip bursitis is rare and is only done in extreme cases. In most cases, other treatment methods bring sufficient relief. **Categories:** Hip **Tags:** Conditions, Hip, Hip Bursitis --- ### [Hip Bursitis: The Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Options](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/hip-bursitis-treatment/) **Published:** February 24, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Hip bursitis can be a painful condition that can make even the simplest activities difficult. If you think you may have developed bursitis, you should see your doctor for treatment. **Content:** When it comes to the health of your hips, bursitis is not something you want to hear. But if you have ever experienced it, you know how much of a nuisance it can be. Bursitis is inflammation of one or more bursa—fluid-filled sacs located beneath your skin in certain spots, most notably around your hips. This condition can make even the simplest tasks extremely painful. Prolonged bursitis can even result in permanent damage. Fortunately, there are several things you can do to help prevent bursitis from developing or coming back. But if you suspect that you have developed bursitis and are ready to take action to get rid of it for good, this article will help get you started on the right track. Here, you’ll learn about the common causes and symptoms of hip bursitis as well as various treatment options that might be right for you. ## **What Is Bursitis?** Bursitis is a form of arthritis that causes inflammation of the bursa. Bursa are small sacs of fluid — like miniature joints — that help cushion the joints and reduce friction and pain. Bursitis can occur in the shoulder, knee, hip and even the elbow. If the bursa becomes irritated and swollen, it can become a bursitis. People who do repetitive motions such as people who lift weights or who sit at a computer all day are at risk for bursitis. If you have an inflamed bursa, you may experience pain and swelling around the area where the bursa is located. The most common areas in which bursitis develops are the shoulder, elbow, knee and hips. Bursitis can also develop in your feet, which is referred to as plantar bursitis. ## **How Does Bursitis Happen?** Bursa are small pouches filled with fluid that sit between your muscles, tendons and bones. Some bursa help reduce friction between the bones and may be referred to as “dynamic” bursa, such as the ones found around the hips. While others are known as “static” bursa and are located near joints, helping to keep the bones from rubbing against each other. The buildup of pressure in this fluid-filled sac can cause inflammation, which is known as bursitis. Bursitis can be caused by a number of factors, including injury, overuse, infection or poor posture. You are most at risk for bursitis if you have a job that requires repetitive motions, such as manual labor or work on a computer, as well as those who participate in activities that require a lot of jumping or quick movements, such as sports or dancing. ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **The Symptoms of Hip Bursitis** - Pain or tenderness on or around the hip - Usually the outside portion of the hip or the upper portion of the buttocks is affected - Swelling of the hip - Swelling may be present on the outside of the hip or may be visible inside the joint if a large amount of fluid has accumulated. - Swelling of the surrounding muscles - Limping or a change in walking pattern - Decreased ability to raise the knee towards the chest - Pain when lying down or rolling over in bed - Pain when rising from a seated position - Pain when walking up stairs or hills - Pain when twisting or turning the hip - Weakness or decreased strength of the muscles in the leg - Decreased ability to lift objects ## **Possible Causes of Bursitis** The exact cause of bursitis is unknown, but it can develop when a sudden increase in pressure occurs within a bursa sac. This often happens when the bursa are overused or irritated. Common causes of bursitis include: - Repetitive motions - Whether it’s from sports, manual labor or a repetitive action from your daily life, repetitive motions that irritate the bursa can cause them to become inflamed. - Injuries - Bursitis can develop following an injury, such as a fall or sprain, that causes an increase in pressure within the bursa. - Infection - Infection can cause an increase in the pressure within a bursa, which can lead to inflammation. - Poor posture - Bursitis can develop if you have poor posture and put added pressure on the bursa. - Age - As you age, the bursa become less effective, which can lead to bursitis. ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Treatments for Hip Bursitis** Since bursitis is an inflammatory-based condition, treatment includes reducing inflammation by following a warm compress or ice pack routine while resting as much as possible. In addition, you may want to consider following a healthy diet and lifestyle to further help prevent the condition from recurring. - Heat - Applying a warm compress to the affected area may help reduce inflammation and relieve pain by improving blood flow. This is best done for 15-20 minutes, two times per day, at a moderate heat level. - Rest - While this may be difficult for those who are unable to work, resting is one of the most effective ways to decrease inflammation and speed up the healing process. - Healthy Diet - While there are no specific foods that are proven to help with bursitis, following a healthy diet will help prevent many health conditions and promote general wellness. - Exercises - Exercises that don’t irritate the bursa can be performed as part of the treatment plan. - Medication - While bursitis is not an immediate emergency, you should see your doctor if you suspect you have this condition. If a doctor determines that you have bursitis, they will likely prescribe medication to help reduce inflammation, such as NSAIDs or corticosteroids. ## **Conclusion** Hip bursitis can be a painful condition that can make even the simplest activities difficult. Luckily, there are several things you can do to help prevent it or reduce its severity, such as following a healthy diet, exercising regularly and changing your posture. If you think you may have developed bursitis, you should see your doctor for treatment. **Categories:** Hip **Tags:** Hip, Hip Bursitis --- ### [Understanding and Managing Hip Bursitis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-and-managing-hip-bursitis/) **Published:** February 1, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Dealing with hip bursitis can be a real pain—literally. Whether you're experiencing discomfort in your hips due to inflammation or swelling, understanding this condition is vital to finding relief. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for hip bursitis empowers you to take control of your health and well-being. ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Is Hip Bursitis? Hip bursitis, a form of arthritis, occurs when the bursa, fluid-filled sacs that cushion your joints, become inflamed and angry. Repetitive activities or injuries often cause it because this can result in pain and swelling around the hips, making everyday activities challenging. The result? Pain, tenderness, and swelling around your hip area. The first sign? Sharp pain at first that can settle into a nagging ache over time. Watch for swelling, warmth, and even redness around your hip. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple **Orthopaedic** **Surgeons** who specialize in hips. - We have a whole-body health approach when it comes to orthopaedic care. - Our dedicated physical therapy team works with patients with hip issues to resolve discomfort and get them back to doing what they love. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](hhttps://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hip/) --- ## What Causes Hip Bursitis ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Hip bursitis can develop from various factors: - Repetitive motions - Like those from work or sports - Injuries - Infections - Poor posture - Aging Understanding the underlying causes can aid in prevention and management strategies. Think of hip bursitis as your body's way of saying "ouch" to alert you to overuse, injury, or poor posture. Even getting older can make you more prone to hip bursitis. Understanding the triggers can help you prevent future episodes. It's like your body's saying, "Hey, take it easy!" ## Recognizing Symptoms of Hip Bursitis Recognizing the symptoms of hip bursitis is essential for early intervention. Hip bursitis isn't shy about letting you know it's there. If you are feeling pain, tenderness, or swelling around your hip, especially when you move, it might be hip bursitis. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 153](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-153-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 153 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Other signs include: - Limping - Difficulty lifting your knee - Altered gait - Hip pain when lying down or climbing stairs From pain and tenderness to swelling and altered gait, understanding these signs can help you seek timely treatment. ## Factors that Aggervate Hip Bursitis Hip bursitis isn't shy about making itself known. Activities like lying down for too long or walking distances can further irritate the bursa, adding "fuel to the fire." Some exercises and certain conditions, like rheumatoid arthritis or poor posture, can exacerbate hip bursitis, so keeping these in check is essential. ## Meet our Hip Experts ## Hip Bursitis Treatment Managing hip bursitis involves a multifaceted approach to reducing inflammation and promoting healing. So, what can you do about it? Fortunately, there are a few things you can implement yourself to find relief: ### At-Home Hip Bursitis Treatment #### **Resting:** Resting the affected hip is crucial for reducing inflammation and promoting healing. Avoid activities that exacerbate pain and discomfort. #### **Apply Heat:** Heat therapy, such as warm compresses or heating pads, can help relax muscles. It can increase blood flow to the affected area, promoting healing and soothing pain. #### **Ice Packs**: Applying ice packs to the painful area can help reduce swelling and alleviate pain. Ice therapy can be done several times a day for about 15-20 minutes. #### **Medication**: Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) or naproxen (Aleve) can help alleviate pain and reduce inflammation. Eating healthily and staying active can also help manage hip bursitis. Resting gives your hip a chance to recover, while a balanced diet supports overall healing. Stay active, but don't overdo it! If the pain persists, consult with an orthopaedic specialist for a tailored treatment plan. ### Common Medical Treatment There are other treatments your doctor may recommend for relief, such as: - Pain medications - Steroid injections - Physical therapy Addressing hip bursitis with physical therapy gives you the advantage of tailored exercises that can work wonders, strengthening your hip and easing discomfort. Seeing a trained physical therapist is essential because knowing which exercises to avoid is just as crucial as knowing which ones to embrace. ## Healing and Preventing Hip Bursitis Prevention is the key when it comes to hip bursitis. Simple lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise, and correcting posture, can help prevent the recurrence of this painful condition. - Taking breaks during repetitive activities and tasks, to give your hip a breather. - Pay attention to maintaining good posture - Staying active without overdoing it can all help keep hip bursitis at bay. - And don't forget to listen to your body— it knows best! They say prevention is the best medicine, and it's true for hip bursitis too. Early intervention is key to healing hip bursitis. Ice packs and rest can kickstart the process, followed by a visit to an orthopedic specialist for tailored guidance. If you feel like you're experiencing hip bursitis without relief, reach out and make an appointment with one of our orthopaedic specialists. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from hip pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have hip pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## Things to Avoid with Hip Bursitis If you are experiencing hip bursitis, there are some specific things to avoid. Avoid things like running, deep squats, and leg lifts. Even cardio machines can be a no-go because they put too much pressure on your already irritated hips. Instead, focus on gentle stretches and movements that support rather than strain your hip joints. Dealing with hip bursitis can be challenging, but it's not something you have to put up with forever; relief is within your reach with the proper knowledge and proactive steps. By understanding hip bursitis and its causes, recognizing its symptoms, and knowing how to address it effectively, you can manage it and get back to feeling like yourself again. Don't let hip bursitis hold you back. > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Arthritis, Hip, Joint Care **Tags:** Conditions, Hip --- ### [Understanding Degenerative Disc Disease](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-degenerative-disc-disease/) **Published:** January 15, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-e1638560340857-1024x333.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What is Degenerative Disc Disease Like? Degenerative disc disease (DDD) can make even the simplest daily tasks feel like insurmountable challenges. The pain starts as a constant, dull ache, but it can flare into sharp, stabbing sensations that shoot down your back, legs, or neck, making sitting or standing for even short periods excruciating. Everyday things like bending down to tie your shoes, reaching up high for something, or taking a short walk become frustrating obstacles. As the discs in your spine lose their cushioning ability and nerves become compressed, the stiffness and discomfort may come and go, but there's always an underlying tension. It's hard to predict when a flare-up will strike, and this uncertainty can disrupt work, social gatherings, and family time. You might feel isolated or sidelined, as the things you used to do effortlessly now require careful planning and pacing. The constant reminder of how much your condition limits your mobility and quality of life can feel overwhelming, leaving you frustrated and drained. The good news is that Princeton Orthopaedic Associates has orthopaedic surgeons who are sub-specialized in conditions of the spine. Our spine doctors also collaborate with ## Degenerative Disc Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a common yet often misunderstood condition. Despite its name, DDD is not truly a disease but rather a condition in which the wear and tear of spinal discs leads to varying levels of discomfort. Depending on the specifics of your individual condition, your symptoms can range from mildly annoying to severely debilitating. ### What Is Degenerative Disc Disease? Degenerative disc disease occurs when the spinal discs, which act as shock absorbers between your vertebrae, begin to break down. While aging is a natural cause of disc degeneration, not everyone will experience significant discomfort or disability. In degenerative disc disease, the damaged disc causes pain and can lead to other symptoms that vary in severity. Factors such as aging, daily activities, sports, and accidents contribute to disc deterioration. Treatment options for alleviating symptoms include both surgical and non-surgical approaches, such as disc replacement, acupuncture, back braces, and pain management therapies. ### Anatomy of Spinal Discs: How They Work Spinal discs serve as cushions between the bones of the spine (vertebrae), enabling flexibility and absorbing forces exerted on your back. Each disc has two main parts: **Nucleus Pulposus:** This is the jelly-like center. Proteins within this core can irritate nearby tissues, resulting in swelling and discomfort if they leak into the nerve-rich outer layer. **Anulus Fibrosus:** This is the tough outer layer containing nerves. Tears in this layer can cause significant pain. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 6](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-6-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 6 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Unlike many other body parts, spinal discs have a limited blood supply, which means that once they are damaged, they cannot heal effectively. Unfortunately, the nature of this leads to a cycle of deterioration that typically spans 20 to 30 years, progressing through three stages: 1. **Acute Pain Phase:** Initial injury causes difficulty in moving the back. 2. **Instability Phase:** The spine becomes unstable, causing recurring pain. 3. **Stabilization Phase:** The injured area stabilizes, often resulting in reduced but persistent discomfort. ### What Causes Degenerative Disc Disease Degenerative disc disease is primarily caused by age-related wear and tear, but several other factors contribute: - **Disc Drying:** Discs are about 80% water at birth. Over time, they lose hydration, reducing their ability to absorb shock. - **Micro-Tears:** Daily activities and sports can create small tears in the disc's outer layer, leading to degeneration. - **Excessive Strain:** High-impact activities or repetitive movements can accelerate wear and tear, causing inflammation and instability in the spine. By age 60, most people will experience some degree of disc degeneration, though not all develop symptoms. ### Degenerative Disc Disease Symptoms Although symptoms of degenerative disc disease can vary widely, some common signs include: ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- Increased pain when sitting, as discs experience three times more pressure compared to standing. - Pain that worsens with bending, lifting, or twisting. - Pain relief when walking, running, or changing positions. - Episodes of severe discomfort that come and go, lasting days or months. - Numbness, tingling, or muscle weakness in the arms or legs. - In severe cases, foot drop or leg weakness due to nerve root damage. ## How Is Degenerative Disc Disease Diagnosed? Diagnosing degenerative disc disease involves a combination of a review of your medical history, a physical examination, and possibly imaging tests like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). While imaging can detect disc damage, it's not definitive for diagnosing DDD, as many people with disc degeneration remain asymptomatic. ## Options for Degenerative Disc Disease Treatment Treatment for degenerative disc disease aims to reduce pain and improve function. Options include: ### **Non-Surgical Treatments for Degenerative Disc Disease:** - Pain management techniques such as acupuncture and physical therapy. - Back braces to provide support and alleviate discomfort. ### Degenerative Disc Disease Surgery**:** - Artificial disc replacement. - Procedures like spinal fusion or microdiscectomy to stabilize the spine and relieve nerve compression. ### Related Procedures and Conditions to Explore Patients with degenerative disc disease may also explore treatments like: - Posterior cervical foraminotomy. - Lumbar microdiscectomy. - Steroid injections. Conditions commonly associated with DDD include spinal stenosis, cervical radiculopathy, and arthritis of the spine. ## Meet Our Orthopaedic Spine Specialists ## Things to Avoid With Degenerative Disc Disease If you have degenerative disc disease (DDD), it's important to avoid activities and habits that could worsen symptoms or accelerate the degeneration of the discs. Here are some things to avoid: 1\. **Heavy Lifting:** Lifting heavy objects, especially with improper form, can put excessive pressure on your spine and exacerbate pain and disc degeneration. 2\. **High-Impact Activities:** Activities such as running, jumping, or contact sports can strain the spine and increase discomfort, particularly in the affected discs. 3\. **Prolonged Sitting or Standing:** If you are sitting or standing in one position for an extended period of time, this can lead to stiffness and increased pressure on the spine. You can take frequent breaks and change positions regularly to decrease these risks. 4\. **Poor Posture:** Slouching or poor posture while sitting or standing can contribute to further stress on the spine and worsen symptoms. 5\. **Sudden Twisting Movements:** If you make quick, jerking movements or twisting motions, these can cause additional strain on the spinal discs and muscles, leading to increased pain. 6\. **Weight Gain:** Carrying excess weight puts added pressure on your spine, which can worsen degenerative changes and pain. Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial. 7\. **Smoking:** Since smoking can impair blood flow to the spine and speed up the degeneration of discs, as well as reduce the effectiveness of your body’s natural healing processes, it's recommended to not smoke. 8\. **Ignoring Pain:** Pushing through significant pain can cause further damage. It’s important to listen to your body and avoid activities that aggravate symptoms. If you have degenerative disc disease, consult one of POA's spine doctors for personalized advice on exercises and lifestyle modifications you can make to help manage your condition effectively. ## Why Choose Princeton Orthopaedic Associates for Degenerative Disc Disease Treatment? At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we combine cutting-edge techniques with compassionate care to help you manage conditions like degenerative disc disease. Our team of spine specialists is dedicated to guiding you toward improved health and mobility. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Back, Spine **Tags:** Conditions, Spine --- ### [What Causes Burning, Stabbing Pain Between the Toes?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-burning-stabbing-pain-between-the-toes/) **Published:** January 14, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** # Morton's Neuroma: What It Is and How To Manage It ![new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates doctor reed 3](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/New-Jersey-Orthopedics-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Doctor-Reed-3-1024x683.jpg "new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates doctor reed 3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Is Morton's Neuroma? If you've ever felt like you're walking on a pebble, experienced burning pain in the ball of your foot, or a stabbing pain between your toes, you may be dealing with a condition known as **Morton's neuroma**. Morton's neuroma happens when the tissue around one of the nerves leading to one of your toes becomes compressed or irritated, leading to thickening and inflammation. This thickening causes you pain and discomfort, especially when walking. The nerve between the third and fourth toes is often affected, though it can happen elsewhere in the foot. ## Symptoms of Morton's Neuroma Morton's neuroma symptoms can sneak up on you. The condition can start with subtle discomfort and gradually progresses if left untreated. ### Here are the hallmark symptoms of Morton's neuroma to look out for: Relief when removing shoes, staying off your feet, or massaging the foot. A feeling of standing on a pebble or bunched-up sock. A sharp, burning pain in the ball of your foot or between your toes. Tingling or numbness in your toes around the affected nerve. Pain that worsens when wearing tight shoes or high heels. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 15](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-15-683x1024.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## 10 Signs You May Have Morton's Neuroma Early recognition of the signs of Morton's Neuroma can help you prevent worsening pain and complications. Here are 10 key indicators that you might be dealing with Morton's neuroma: 1. Having persistent pain in the ball of your foot. 2. Experiencing tingling or numbness in your toes. 3. Feeling a sensation of clicking or popping when pressing on the ball of your foot or when walking. 4. Experiencing discomfort while walking or running. 5. Having pain that radiates into your toes. 6. Having symptoms that improve when barefoot but worsen in shoes. 7. Experiencing burning or stabbing pain localized between your toes. 8. Seeing visible swelling in the ball of the foot (less common). 9. Having difficulty wearing tight or narrow footwear. 10. Experiencing symptoms that are gradually worsening over time. ## Learn more about POA's Podiatrists: --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- ## Diagnosing Morton's Neuroma Getting an accurate diagnosis is the first step toward relief. During a medical evaluation, your doctor will consider your symptoms and may perform specific tests. These evaluations often include: - Pressing on the ball of your foot to check for pain or clicking. - Review your medical history and symptoms. - Imaging tests like an X-ray, ultrasound, or MRI may be recommended to rule out other conditions. At POA, we have a team of doctors who specialize in foot issues and injuries. These podiatrists see patients with foot conditions all day, every day. That makes them foot experts, and that's the quality of world-class care you will find at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. ## What Else Could be Causing Pain Between My Toes Several conditions can mimic the symptoms of Morton's neuroma but are distinctly different. These possible conditions include: 1. **Metatarsalgia**: A general term for pain and inflammation in the ball of the foot, often caused by overuse or improper footwear. 2. [**Stress Fractures**:](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/podiatry/) Tiny cracks in the bones of the foot, typically due to repetitive stress or overuse, causing localized pain. 3. **Capsulitis**: Inflammation of the ligaments surrounding the joints at the base of the toes, particularly the second toe, causing pain similar to Morton's neuroma. 4. **Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome**: A condition involving compression of the posterior tibial nerve as it passes through the tarsal tunnel near the ankle, leading to pain and tingling in the foot. 5. **Plantar Plate Tear**: A tear or weakening of the ligament beneath the toes, usually the second toe, causing pain and instability in the ball of the foot. 6. [**Bursitis**:](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/is-it-bursitis/) Inflammation of the bursae (fluid-filled sacs) in the foot, which can cause pain and discomfort in areas similar to Morton's neuroma. 7. [**Ganglion Cysts**:]() Fluid-filled lumps that can form on the nerves or tendons in the foot, sometimes causing pain or discomfort. Each of these conditions has unique characteristics and requires different treatment approaches. If you're having foot pain, we recommend scheduling a time with one of our specialists. Having the correct diagnosis will set you on the path to the quickest recovery. ## Morton's Neuroma Treatment If you're diagnosed with Morton's neuroma, the good news is that there are several treatment options available. From conservative approaches for you to address your Morton's neuroma at home to more involved procedures, here are some common ways to address the condition: - **Footwear Changes:** Switch to shoes with a wider toe box and avoid high heels. - **Orthotic Inserts:** Custom or over-the-counter arch supports can relieve pressure on the nerve. - **Padding:** Metatarsal pads can reduce stress on the ball of your foot. - **Medications:** Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) help reduce pain and inflammation. - **Corticosteroid Injections:** These can provide significant relief by reducing swelling around the nerve. - **Physical Therapy:** Specific stretches and exercises can improve foot function. - **Radiofrequency Ablation:** A minimally invasive procedure to block pain signals from the affected nerve. - **Surgery:** In severe cases, surgery may be recommended to remove the neuroma. ### Can I Cure My Morton's Neuroma? Morton's neuroma can feel overwhelming, but many people have successfully managed or eliminated their symptoms with consistent effort and self-care measures. Taking proactive steps at home can help you manage Morton's neuroma and prevent symptoms from worsening. Consider these simple yet effective self-care strategies for addressing your Morton's neuroma. 1. **Switching Footwear:** Wear shoes with low heels and plenty of cushioning. Investing in wide, supportive shoes with good arch support is key! 2. **Using Orthotics:** Custom inserts reduced pressure on the ball of the foot. 3. **Stretching:** Regular exercises to stretch the toes and foot muscles. 4. **Rest**: Rest your feet and avoid activities that worsen your pain. 5. **Ice:** Use ice packs to reduce swelling; apply ice packs for 15-20 minutes multiple times a day. 6. **Professional Treatment:** Consult with a foot specialist to create a tailored plan for finding relief during flare-ups. ### Morton's Neuroma Exercises Regular exercises can help alleviate your Morton's neuroma symptoms and improve your overall foot strength and health. The following exercises are easy to perform, and you can do them at home. Some of the most effective include: - **Toe Spreading:** Place a rubber band around your toes and spread them apart. - **Ball Rolls:** Roll a tennis ball under the arch of your foot. You can also freeze a water bottle and use that to roll under the arch of your foot. - **Toe Stretches:** Use your hands to gently pull your toes backward to stretch the ball of your foot. - **Calf Stretches:** Stretching your calves reduces tension on the foot. ### Best Shoes for Morton's Neuroma Shoes can absolutely make or break your foot comfort and health, especially when dealing with Morton's neuroma. Choosing the right footwear can drastically reduce discomfort. Here's what to look for in the best shoes for people with Morton's neuroma: - **Wide Toe Box:** Avoid narrow or pointy shoes. - **Cushioned Soles:** Look for soft, supportive soles that absorb shock. - **Low Heels:** Flat or low-heeled shoes reduce pressure on the ball of the foot. - **Adjustable Straps or Laces:** Ensure a snug but comfortable fit. ### Arch Supports and Inserts for Morton's Neuroma Orthotics can provide essential support for your feet and they can also help to relieve pressure on the affected nerve causing your Morton's neuroma symptoms. There are different types of orthotics, each offering unique benefits: - **Custom Orthotics:** Tailored to your foot shape for maximum comfort and support of the entire foot. - **Over-the-Counter Inserts:** Although OTC orthotics are not custom to your specific foot, many more affordable options can provide adequate arch support for mild cases. - **Metatarsal Pads:** Specifically designed to alleviate stress on the ball of the foot. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) ## When to See a Doctor for Morton's Neuroma Pain If you suspect you have Morton’s neuroma due to persistent foot pain, it’s important to see a podiatrist for evaluation and treatment. If your symptoms worsen over time, interfere with daily activities, or do not improve with home remedies such as rest, ice, proper footwear, or over-the-counter pain relief, a podiatrist can provide a professional diagnosis. They may use imaging tests, recommend custom orthotics, or suggest more advanced treatments like corticosteroid injections or minimally invasive procedures if necessary. Early intervention can prevent the condition from worsening and improve your overall foot health. ### When to Consider Morton's Neuroma Surgery In some cases, conservative treatments aren't enough, and surgery becomes the best option. If your pain is severe or persistent, it may be time to discuss surgical solutions with your doctor. Surgery may be necessary if: - Non-surgical treatments fail to provide relief. - The neuroma significantly interferes with daily activities. - Pain continues to worsen despite treatment. Surgical options include removing the neuroma or releasing the surrounding ligament to reduce pressure on the nerve. Recovery can typically involve a few weeks of limited activity; however, each person is unique, so your treatment and recovery will be specific to you. Every person's experience with Morton's neuroma is specific to them, and surgery may not be necessary for you. Seeking professional advice from one of POA's podiatrists will help you get the best treatment possible. ## No More Morton's Neuroma Foot Pain! Your Morton's neuroma pain doesn't have to keep you from doing the things you need to in your daily life. It is possible for you to manage or even resolve your symptoms with proper care, which can include the right footwear, exercises, support, and professional guidance. If you are dealing with recurrent or persistent pain in the ball of your foot and think you have Morton's neuroma, consult with one of our podiatrists or explore your options so you can get one step closer to being pain-free. ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** News, Podiatry **Tags:** Conditions, Foot --- ### [What Is Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica-2/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** --- --- ## What Is Sciatica? Sciatica is a condition that can cause excruciating pain and discomfort. In this blog, we'll provide an overview of what sciatica is, helping you understand the basics of this common nerve-related ailment. Sciatica is a term used to describe a set of symptoms rather than a specific medical condition. It refers to pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve. This pain can vary from mild to severe and is often accompanied by other symptoms like numbness and tingling. It occurs when the sciatic nerve, which is the longest nerve in the human body, becomes irritated or compressed. The sciatic nerve runs from the lower back, through the buttocks, and down the back of each leg. Sciatica typically affects only one side of the body. Understanding the fundamentals of sciatica is the first step in managing this condition. Look at our other blogs, where we'll delve deeper into sciatica causes, symptoms, and exercises, helping you identify if you might be experiencing this nerve-related pain. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-16-2-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Saleh shows a patient the spine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") You can read more about sciatica here: - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercises](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Suffering from sciatica? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you are suffering from sciatica, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- If you think you are suffering from Sciatica, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional, especially if you have a severe or chronic condition. They can provide personalized guidance and ensure your chosen exercises are safe and appropriate for your situation. You can contact us to schedule with one of our experts here: [Schedule an Appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) **Categories:** Spine **Tags:** Conditions, Sciatica, Spine --- ### [Pain in Your Thumb? It Might be Mommy Thumb](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/pain-in-your-thumb-what-is-mommy-thumb/) **Published:** December 12, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Understanding and Managing Mommy Thumb If you're a new mom, you're likely already juggling multiple tasks, often with your baby in your arms. Between feeding, diaper changes, and holding your newborn, it's no wonder that many moms experience thumb pain, also known as "Mommy Thumb" or de Quervain's tenosynovitis. If you've been struggling with pain at the base of your thumb or feel discomfort when lifting or holding your baby, you're not alone. Becoming a new mom is exciting, and it's also filled with physical demands, some of which may be very new to you and can take a toll on your body. One condition many new mothers experience is Mommy Thumb. This condition is caused by repetitive motion and strain on the thumb and wrist, and it can leave you in constant discomfort. But don't worry – you can manage the pain and prevent further injury with the right strategies. Here's everything you need to know to keep your thumbs healthy and a simple breakdown of solutions for busy moms. Understanding what Mommy Thumb is, how it develops, and what you can do to manage and prevent it are the keys to getting out of pain. --- ## Busy or Sleepy? Here’s What You Need to Know: ## **What It Is** --- It’s caused by repetitive strain and overuse, commonly experienced by new moms due to baby care tasks. Mommy Thumb (De Quervain's tenosynovitis) is an inflammation of the tendons that run from your forearm to your thumb. ## **Symptoms** --- Pain that may radiate up the forearm. Pain at the base of the wrist or thumb with swelling and stiffness near the joint. Discomfort or pain that worsens with gripping, lifting, or repetitive motions. ## **What Causes It** --- Poor ergonomics or posture during baby care tasks. Frequent lifting and holding of your baby. Repetitive motions like gripping bottles, pushing strollers, or carrying diaper bags. ## **Finding Relief** --- - **Ice Therapy:** Apply ice to the affected area. - **Rest and Brace:** Wear a brace or splint to immobilize the thumb and reduce strain. - **Medications:** Use over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen (consult your doctor if breastfeeding). ## **When to See a Dr.** --- - If pain persists or worsens despite home remedies. - If you experience severe swelling, inability to move your thumb, or radiating pain. - A doctor may recommend physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, or, in rare cases, surgery. ## **Prevention Tips** --- - Incorporate thumb and wrist stretches into your daily routine to maintain strength and flexibility. - Switch arms when holding your baby and avoid repetitive strain. - Use ergonomic tools like baby carriers or feeding pillows to reduce stress on your hands. --- ## What is Mommy Thumb? Mommy Thumb is a condition where you experience pain at the base of your thumb. Officially known as de quervain's tenosynovitis, it is named Mommy Thumb because of the frequent occurrence in new moms. Mommy thumb occurs when the tendons that connect the muscles in your forearm to your thumb become inflamed due to repetitive use. The inflammation is most commonly seen in two tendons that run along the side of your wrist and thumb. ## Why Does Mommy Thumb Happen? The repetitive movements of caring for your baby place a lot of strain on your hands and wrists. These tendons control movements like gripping and lifting, and when they're overworked, they become inflamed. Holding your baby, picking them up, or carrying them in one arm over and over again can aggravate the condition. Other repetitive motions, like holding bottles during feedings or pushing a stroller, can also contribute. ![mother playing with baby girl](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/mothter-playing-with-baby-mommy-thumb-1024x683.jpg "mother playing with baby girl - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Common triggers of Mommy Thumb include: - Repetitive motions like carrying a diaper bag or pushing a stroller. - Lifting your baby frequently. - Holding your baby in one arm or a repetitive posture for long periods. - Gripping a bottle or using your thumb to support your baby during breastfeeding. ## Sings and Symptoms of Mommy Thumb The symptoms can range from mild to severe and often worsen with activity. ### Symptoms you might experience with Mommy Thumb may include: - Pain at the base of your thumb or wrist. - Swelling near the thumb joint. - Stiffness or difficulty moving your thumb. - Pain radiating up your forearm with certain motions like gripping or lifting. ![caring mother bottle feeds her newborn baby. caring for the health of children. artificial feeding of children](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/mother-feeds-her-baby-mommy-thumb-1024x683.jpg "caring mother bottle feeds her newborn baby. caring for the health of children. artificial feeding of children - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treatment Options for Mommy Thumb The good news is, with the right approach, you can reduce the pain and heal from Mommy Thumb. ### Here's a breakdown of what you can do if you're suffering pain from mommy thumb: #### Rest and Modify Activities The first and most important step is to give your thumb and wrist some rest. Avoid movements that worsen the pain, such as holding your baby with one arm for extended periods or carrying heavy items in a way that strains your hand. This might mean asking for help with baby care or using supportive devices (like a baby carrier) to distribute the weight evenly. #### Maintain Good Posture to Reduce Stress It's easy to overlook your posture when you're carrying your baby or feeding them, but maintaining good body alignment can significantly reduce stress on your thumb and wrist. When your spine and shoulders are properly aligned, it minimizes the strain on your arms and thumbs. ##### Good Posture Tips for Mommy Thumb - Lifting Posture: Always bend your knees, not your back, when lifting your baby. Keep your baby close to your body, and avoid reaching out with your arms. Use your legs to lift rather than strain your upper body. - Feeding Posture: Whether breastfeeding or bottle-feeding, make sure to support your arms and wrists with pillows or cushions. Keep your baby at chest level rather than leaning over, which can strain your thumbs unnecessarily. Pro Tip: Take frequent breaks to adjust your posture, especially if you hold your baby for extended periods. #### Ice Therapy for Mommy Thumb Ice can reduce inflammation and ease pain in the affected area. Apply an ice pack wrapped in a cloth to the base of your thumb for 10-15 minutes several times a day. #### Mommy Thumb Brace or Splint A thumb splint is a simple yet effective solution. It helps immobilize your thumb and wrist, preventing further strain and allowing the tendons to heal. Wearing a splint at night or during periods of activity can be especially helpful. #### Anti-Inflammatory Medication for Mommy Thumb Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, can help reduce pain and swelling. Always follow the instructions on the label and consult your doctor if you're breastfeeding or have concerns. ## Meet Our Hand & Wrist Specialists ### Mommy Thumb Stretches and Exercises Once the pain starts to subside, gentle stretches and strengthening exercises for your thumb, wrist, and forearm can help prevent the condition from recurring. Simple exercises like thumb stretches, wrist flexes, and even squeezing a stress ball can help. #### Thumb and Wrist Exercises for Mommy Thumb Incorporating thumb and wrist exercises into your daily routine can significantly improve flexibility and strength. Regular stretching can help reduce pain and prevent long-term damage. Below are some simple exercises to do at home. ##### Thumb Stretch: - Thumb Flexion Stretch: Gently pull your affected thumb upwards with the opposite hand and hold for 15-30 seconds. - Thumb Extension Stretch: Using the opposite hand, gently stretch the thumb outward, holding for 10-15 seconds to improve joint flexibility. ##### Strengthening Exercises: - Resistance Band Exercise: Place a resistance band around your thumb and gently press against it. Hold the pressure for 10-15 seconds and repeat. - Wrist Curls: To build strength, hold a lightweight dumbbell (or use a household item like a small water bottle) and perform wrist flexion and extension exercises. Pro Tip: Consistency is key. Perform these exercises at least 3-4 times per week. ##### Effective Wrist Exercises: - Wrist Flexion and Extension: Hold a light dumbbell or water bottle in your hand, and bend your wrist up and down in a controlled motion. Perform 10-15 repetitions per set. - Wrist Circles: Extend your arms and slowly rotate your wrists in a circular motion, both clockwise and counterclockwise, for 30 seconds each. Pro Tip: To prevent injury, add wrist exercises to your daily routine, especially before you start baby care tasks. Strengthening your wrist and forearm muscles can help prevent strain on your thumb and alleviate pain from repetitive movements. *Wrist exercises are also essential for preventing carpal tunnel syndrome, which can be common among new moms due to the repetitive nature of baby care tasks.* ## How to Prevent Mommy Thumb While it's not always possible to prevent Mommy Thumb, there are several things you can do to reduce the risk. Taking proactive steps to prevent pain before it starts is key to long-term relief. Simple changes in your daily habits can help protect your thumbs and wrists from injury. ### **Avoid Repetitive Strain** Try to avoid repeating the same motion for long periods. Switch arms when holding your baby, and use your forearms rather than your thumbs to support their body. --- ### **Use Ergonomic Tools** Look for ergonomic baby carriers that distribute weight evenly across your body to avoid putting unnecessary strain on your thumbs and wrists. Using baby carriers, pillows, and ergonomic feeding tools can help reduce strain on your wrists. Choose baby gear that supports your body and allows you to distribute weight evenly. To reduce strain, invest in padded grips for bottles or pacifiers and use wrist supports or thumb splints when necessary. ### Hand and Wrist Exercises Strengthen your wrist and thumb muscles with simple exercises to prevent strain. Stretching and strengthening should be part of your daily routine to help keep your muscles flexible and strong. --- ### **Take Frequent Breaks** Avoid holding your baby in the same position for too long. Switch arms and positions regularly to keep your muscles relaxed. Pro Tip: A proactive approach to posture, ergonomics, and tools can prevent painful thumb issues in the future. ## Alternative Treatment for Mommy Thumb Certain foods and natural remedies can reduce inflammation and support your body's healing process. Incorporating anti-inflammatory foods and practices can be an essential part of your recovery. ### Anti-Inflammatory Foods: - **Omega-3 Fatty Acids:** Add foods like salmon, chia seeds, and flaxseeds to your diet to help reduce inflammation in the body. - **Antioxidant-Rich Fruits and Veggies:** Include blueberries, spinach, and broccoli, which fight oxidative stress and support joint health. - **Turmeric & Ginger:** Known for their anti-inflammatory properties, these foods can be added to smoothies, teas, or meals to help manage joint pain. ### Natural Remedies for Mommy Thumb: - **Ice Therapy:** To reduce inflammation, apply an ice pack wrapped in a thin cloth to your thumb for 15 minutes at a time, several times a day. - **Heat Therapy:** Apply a warm compress to relax stiff muscles, especially before performing stretches or exercises. Pro Tip: Try adding turmeric and ginger to your diet, as they can significantly reduce inflammation over time. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) ## When to Seek Professional Help If your symptoms don't improve or get worse despite these home remedies, it might be time to consult one of [our hand specialists.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/hand-wrist/) While the symptoms could indicate de Quervain's tenosynovitis, if they aren't improving, it may be another condition requiring medical intervention. We recommend scheduling to see one of our specialists. Getting the right diagnosis and treatment will help you get out of pain faster. A doctor might suggest these treatment Options: - [Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physical-therapy/): A therapist will guide you through tailored exercises and teach you proper ergonomic techniques for baby care. - Corticosteroid Injections: These can help reduce inflammation and provide temporary relief if you're struggling with severe pain. - Surgery: In extreme cases, surgery may be required to release the pressure on the tendons. Pro Tip: Don't wait too long to seek medical advice if your pain isn't improving or worsening. Early intervention can prevent long-term complications. ## **What Mommy Thumb Isn’t** - It isn’t carpal tunnel syndrome, which affects the median nerve in the wrist rather than the tendons near the thumb. - It isn’t arthritis, which involves joint degeneration rather than tendon inflammation. - It isn’t general wrist pain, as the discomfort is localized to the base of the thumb and wrist. - It isn’t caused by nerve damage, but by overuse and inflammation of tendons. - It isn’t permanent—with proper care, it can be managed and resolved. ## Don't Ignore the Pain! Pain at the base of the thumb, or "Mommy Thumb," is a common challenge for new mothers and a condition that can disrupt the joy of baby care. With a little knowledge and care, it's possible to manage the pain and even prevent it from happening again. By adjusting how you lift and hold your baby, practicing rest and self-care, and using support tools, you can ease your discomfort and continue to enjoy time with your little one. Remember, taking care of your body is an important part of being the best mom you can be. Don't ignore the pain—get the help you need so you can keep being there for your baby pain-free! ## **Quick Tips Recap: Manage and Prevent Mommy Thumb** - **Rest & Support:** Avoid thumb-straining activities; use a brace to immobilize and speed healing. - **Reduce Pain:** Ice for 10–15 minutes, take ibuprofen, or use anti-inflammatory measures. - **Strengthen:** Do daily thumb stretches, wrist exercises, and use resistance bands for flexibility and support. - **Prevention:** Switch arms, use ergonomic tools, and support arms with pillows during feeding. - **Seek Help:** Get assistance with repetitive tasks; consult a doctor if pain persists. - **Natural Remedies:** Eat anti-inflammatory foods, apply ice for swelling, and heat for stiffness. > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** de Quervain's tenosynovitis, Mommy Thumb, Pain From Lifting Baby, Pain in Base of Thumb, Thumb, Thumb Pain --- ### [Runner's Knee Exercises](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/runners-knee-exercises/) **Published:** December 3, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Treating Runner's Knee Through Strengthening Exercises Effective exercises for runner's knee focus on strengthening muscles around the knee, improving flexibility, and enhancing stability. These exercises reduce stress on the kneecap and improve joint alignment. Runner's knee exercises are the cornerstone of your knee rehabilitation. --- ### **Straight Leg Raises** - **Purpose**: Strengthens the quadriceps without placing stress on the knee joint. - **How-To**: - Lie flat on your back with one leg bent and the other straight. - Tighten the muscles in your straight leg and lift it to the height of the bent knee. - Hold for 2–3 seconds, then slowly lower the leg. Repeat 10–15 times per leg. - **Why It Works for Runner's Knee**: - Strengthens the quadriceps to support the knee. - Improves joint stability without bending the knee. - Reduces stress on the patellofemoral joint --- ### **Mini Squats** - **Purpose**: Builds strength in key knee-supporting muscles while avoiding excessive stress. - **How-To**: - Stand with feet shoulder-width apart, near a chair or wall for balance. - Slowly squat down to about a 45-degree angle, keeping your knees aligned over your toes. - Hold for 1–2 seconds, then return to standing. Repeat 10–15 times. - **Why It Works for Runner's Knee**: - Strengthens the quadriceps, hamstrings, and glutes. - Helps stabilize the knee joint during movement. - Promotes proper alignment to reduce knee strain. --- ### **Clamshells** - **Purpose**: Strengthens hip muscles to improve knee alignment and stability. - **How-To**: - Lie on your side with knees bent at a 90-degree angle. - Keeping your feet together, lift the top knee as high as possible without moving your pelvis. - Lower the knee slowly. Repeat 10–15 times per side. - **Why It Works for Runner's Knee**: - Targets the gluteus medius for better hip stability. - Prevents inward knee movement that strains the joint. - Enhances overall leg alignment during activities. --- ### **Step-Ups** - **Purpose**: Strengthens lower-body muscles while mimicking functional movements. - **How-To**: - Stand in front of a sturdy step or platform. - Step onto the platform with one foot, driving through your heel to bring the other foot up. - Step back down with the same foot and repeat. Perform 10–12 reps per leg. - **Why It Works for Runner's Knee**: - Builds strength in the quadriceps, glutes, and calves. - Encourages proper knee tracking over the toes. - Improves balance and stability in functional movement. --- ### **Quadriceps Stretch** - **Purpose**: Relieves tightness in the thigh muscles to reduce stress on the knee. - **How-To**: - Stand on one leg, holding onto a wall or chair for support. - Pull the opposite foot toward your glutes, keeping your knees close together. - Hold for 20–30 seconds, then switch sides. - **Why It Works for Runner's Knee**: - Loosens tight quadriceps that can pull on the kneecap. - Improves flexibility and joint movement. - Reduces strain on the patellofemoral joint. --- ### **Hamstring Stretch** - **Purpose**: Reduces tension in the back of the thigh to improve knee alignment. - **How-To**: - Sit on the floor with one leg extended and the other bent. - Reach toward the toes of the extended leg while keeping your back straight. - Hold for 20–30 seconds, then switch legs. - **Why It Works for Runner's Knee**: - Loosens tight hamstrings that can pull the knee out of alignment. - Enhances flexibility and joint mobility. - Helps balance muscle tension around the knee. --- ### **Calf Stretch** - **Purpose**: Eases tension in the lower leg to reduce stress on the knee. - **How-To**: - Stand facing a wall, placing your hands on it for support. - Step one foot back, keeping it straight, while bending the front knee. - Press the back heel into the floor and hold for 20–30 seconds. Switch legs. - **Why It Works for Runner's Knee**: - Loosens tight calves to improve shock absorption. - Enhances lower leg alignment during activity. - Reduces stress transmitted to the knee joint. --- ### **Single-Leg Balance** - **Purpose**: Enhances knee stability and improves proprioception. - **How-To**: - Stand on one leg with your hands on your hips or out for balance. - Hold for 20–30 seconds, gradually increasing the time as your balance improves. - For added difficulty, try closing your eyes or standing on a soft surface. - **Why It Works for Runner's Knee**: - Strengthens stabilizing muscles around the knee and ankle. - Improves body awareness and balance. - Reduces improper knee alignment during movement. --- ### **Side-Lying Leg Lifts** - **Purpose**: Strengthens outer thigh muscles for improved knee tracking. - **How-To**: - Lie on your side with your legs straight. - Lift the top leg slowly, keeping it in line with your body. - Lower it back down without letting it rest. Repeat 10–15 times per side. - **Why It Works for Runner's Knee**: - Strengthens the outer thigh to stabilize the knee. - Reduces lateral instability. - Improves overall knee alignment during movement. --- ### **IT Band Foam Rolling** - **Purpose**: Relieves tension in the iliotibial band to reduce knee strain. - **How-To**: - Lie on your side with a foam roller under the outer thigh. - Roll slowly from your hip to just above the knee, pausing on tight spots. - Perform for 1–2 minutes per side. - **Why It Works for Runner's Knee**: - Loosens the IT band, which can pull on the knee. - Improves flexibility and reduces friction around the knee joint. - Enhances mobility for smoother movement patterns. **Categories:** Knee **Tags:** Conditions, Knee, Sports Medicine --- ### [Caring for Runner's Knee](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/caring-for-runners-knee/) **Published:** December 3, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![knee doctor shows patient a model of a knee discussing fat pad impingement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Comprehensive Care for Runner's Knee Have you ever felt a persistent pain in your knee after running, descending stairs, or even just sitting for extended periods? You’re not alone. Runner’s knee, also known as patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), is a common condition faced by many active individuals. It’s not limited to professional athletes—anyone who regularly engages in activities like running, jumping, or cycling could be at risk. Understanding the condition helps to find the best and fastest path to recovery. Read on to gain a detailed understanding of runner’s knee: its causes, symptoms, and strategies for recovery and prevention. Whether you’re dealing with discomfort now or looking to avoid it in the future, the information here will help you make informed decisions for long-term knee health. ## What Is Runner's Knee? Runner’s knee refers to a pain condition affecting the area around or behind the kneecap (patella). Unlike specific injuries like ligament tears, runner’s knee typically arises from overuse, poor mechanics, or muscle imbalances. While it can significantly limit physical activity, it is manageable with the right approach. Key aspects of runner's knee include: - **Location of Pain**: Around or behind the kneecap, often aggravated by movement. - **Activity-Related Discomfort**: Pain worsens with running, descending stairs, or squatting. - **Repetitive Stress**: Typically caused by repetitive strain on the patellofemoral joint. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- ## Symptoms of Runner's Knee Recognizing the symptoms early can help you manage runner’s knee effectively. Here are the common signs: **Aching Pain Around the Kneecap** - Pain intensifies during activities like running, squatting, or jumping. - Sitting for extended periods can also trigger discomfort. **Knee Instability** - The knee might feel weak or as though it could "give out." - This is often due to muscle weakness or imbalances. **Grinding or Clicking Sensation** - A sensation of grinding or clicking behind the kneecap during movement may indicate inflammation or uneven tracking of the patella. **Swelling or Tenderness** - The knee area might feel swollen, particularly after strenuous activity. **Quick Recap:** - Pain = aggravated by activity or prolonged sitting. - Instability = weakness or wobbliness in the joint. - Grinding/clicking = patella issues. - Swelling = overuse or irritation. # Meet Our Orthopaedic Knee Specialists ## Risk Factors for Runner's Knee There are several factors that can increase your likelihood of developing runner’s knee. Understanding and addressing these can prevent the condition or help manage it effectively. #### **Overuse** - Repetitive high-impact activities, like running or jumping, strain the patellofemoral joint. #### **Muscle Weakness or Imbalances** - Weak quadriceps or gluteal muscles can shift pressure onto the knee. - Muscle imbalances, such as stronger hamstrings and weaker quads, may worsen tracking of the kneecap. #### **Improper Foot Mechanics** - Flat feet or overpronation can misalign the lower body, leading to knee strain. #### **Worn or Unsupportive Footwear** - Old, unsupportive shoes fail to absorb impact or provide stability, increasing knee stress. **Runner's Knee Risk Factors In Short:** - Overuse leads to repetitive strain. - Muscle imbalances lead to uneven load distribution. - Foot mechanics lead to improper alignment and strain. - Bad or old footwear can lead to inadequate support and increased knee stress. ## Managing Runner's Knee: Rest and Recovery If you're dealing with runner's knee, proper rest and recovery are key for healing and preventing further damage to your knee. Here’s how to manage it effectively: ### **Reduce Activity Levels** - Avoid high-impact activities like running or jumping. - Switch to low-impact exercises such as swimming or cycling. ### *Why it works for runner's knee:* - Reducing strain gives your knee joint time to heal. - Low-impact alternatives maintain fitness without aggravating symptoms. ### **Use Ice and Compression** - Apply ice packs for 15–20 minutes several times a day to reduce inflammation. - Use a compression sleeve or wrap to manage swelling and support the joint. ### *Why it works for runner's knee:* - Ice reduces blood flow to the area, alleviating pain and swelling. - Compression provides stability and comfort. **Quick Recovery Tips:** - Scale down activity but stay active with low-impact options. - Use ice and compression as first-line treatments for inflammation. ## Runner's Knee Exercises - Treatment Through Strengthening Exercises Effective exercises for runner's knee focus on strengthening muscles around the knee, improving flexibility, and enhancing stability. These exercises reduce stress on the kneecap and improve joint alignment. Runner's knee exercises are the cornerstone of your knee rehabilitation. ### ****Strengthen Quads & Glute Muscles**** - **Quad Strengthening**: Exercises like straight leg raises and wall sits target the quadriceps, which stabilize the kneecap. - **Glute Training**: Incorporate bridges and side-lying leg lifts to strengthen gluteal muscles, ensuring proper alignment during movement. ### *Why it works for runner's knee:* - Stronger quads improve patellar tracking. - Balanced glutes prevent inward knee collapse during activity. ### ****Improve Balance with Stability Training**** - **Balance Exercises**: Single-leg stands or balance board exercises challenge coordination and strengthen stabilizing muscles. ### *Why it works for runner's knee:* - Stability exercises enhance neuromuscular control, reducing the risk of misalignment and further injuries. **Key Exercises Recap:** - Quadriceps = patellar stability. - Glutes = alignment and strength. - Balance training = control and injury prevention. [Click here for more detailed runner's knee exercises.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/runners-knee-exercises/) --- ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- ## The Role of Footwear and Supportive Devices The right footwear and support devices can make a big difference in managing runner’s knee. ### ******Select Proper Running Shoes****** - Choose shoes with cushioning and arch support that suit your foot type. - Replace shoes every 300–500 miles or when signs of wear appear. ### *Why it works for runner's knee:* - Good shoes absorb impact and reduce stress on the knees. - Proper fit minimizes improper foot mechanics. ### ******Consider Orthotics for Foot Alignment****** - **Balance Exercises**: Single-leg stands or balance board exercises challenge coordination and strengthen stabilizing muscles. ### *Why it works for runner's knee:* - Proper alignment distributes forces evenly across the leg, relieving knee stress. ### **Footwear Checklist:** - Look for cushioning and arch support. - Replace worn-out shoes. - Use orthotics if recommended. ## Adopting Correct Running Techniques Running techniques can greatly influence knee health. Small changes can prevent strain and improve performance. ### ********Adjust Stride Length******** - Shorten your stride to reduce impact forces on the knees. - Aim for a midfoot strike to distribute forces evenly across the leg. ### *Why it works for runner's knee:* - Shorter strides and midfoot striking minimize jarring forces on the patellofemoral joint. ### ********Maintain Proper Posture******** - Keep your shoulders aligned with your hips and avoid leaning forward. - Engage your core muscles for better stability and balance. ### *Why it works for runner's knee:* - Proper posture ensures even weight distribution, reducing knee stress. **Technique Tips:** - Stride = short and midfoot. - Posture = upright and stable. ## When to See an Orthopaedic Specialist for Runner's Knee While most cases of runner’s knee improve with rest and care, some symptoms require professional attention. Here’s when to consult an orthopaedic specialist: ### **1. Persistent Pain or Swelling** Pain or swelling lasting weeks despite rest and treatment could indicate structural damage. ### **2. Difficulty Walking or Bearing Weight** Severe pain or instability while walking suggests ligament damage or joint misalignment. ### **3. Grinding, Popping, or Instability** Sensations of grinding or popping might signal cartilage damage, while knee “giving out” points to weakened ligaments. ### **4. Visible Changes or Deformities** Misaligned or bulging knees could indicate dislocation or fractures. ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### What to Expect During an Orthopaedic Visit **Prevention**: Guidance on exercises, footwear, and activity modifications to prevent recurrence. **Diagnosis**: A thorough evaluation, often with imaging like MRIs or X-rays. **Treatment**: May include bracing, therapy, home exercises, injections, or surgery for severe cases. ### **Quick Recap**: Seek help if you experience: - Persistent pain or swelling. - Difficulty walking or bearing weight. - Grinding, popping, or instability. - Visible deformities. - Symptoms worsen over time or do not improve with therapy. Timely care from one of [our orthopaedic specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/) can ensure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and a faster, safer recovery. ## Effective Care for Runner's Knee Developing runner’s knee can be frustrating, but it’s manageable with the right approach. The foundation of effective care is recognizing the issue early on, resting, doing strengthening exercises, wearing proper footwear, and using correct running techniques. If you are utilizing all self-care techniques and symptoms persist or worsen, we recommend seeking professional guidance from one of our specialists. This ensures a comprehensive recovery plan tailored to your needs. By taking proactive steps, you can not only overcome runner’s knee but also build resilience to prevent future injuries. Keep moving forward—pain-free! ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Knee, Orthopaedic Conditions **Tags:** Conditions, Runner's knee --- ### [What Is Orthopedic Urgent Care?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-orthopedic-urgent-care/) **Published:** November 22, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![princeton orthopaedic associates office shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Office-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates office shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") # What Is Orthopedic Urgent Care? **Orthopedic urgent care is a an urgent care that is a specialized service designed to provide immediate medical attention for injuries and conditions affecting your bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, and muscles.** Unlike a general urgent care facility, orthopedic urgent care is staffed by providers specializing in diagnosing and treating musculoskeletal injuries. Orthopedic urgent care facilities are equipped with tools like on-site X-rays, braces, splints, and other resources tailored to handle orthopedic-specific emergencies. These tools may not be available at a general urgent care and an orthopaedic urgent care offers an efficient alternative to emergency rooms, providing expert care for non-life-threatening orthopedic issues in a timely manner. ## When and Why to Use Orthopedic Urgent Care **Orthopedic urgent care is ideal for addressing acute injuries that are not life-threatening but that still require, or would benefit from, immediate medical attention.** The goal of a orthopedic urgent care is to minimize your pain, prevent further injury, and help you begin the healing process as quickly as possible. ### **Situations where orthopedic urgent care is beneficial include:** - **Sudden injuries during physical activity:** Sports injuries like sprains, strains, or fractures. - **Accidental falls or impacts:** Slips or accidents that result in musculoskeletal pain or immobility. - **Recurrent issues:** Flare-ups of chronic conditions, such as arthritis, that suddenly become severe. The convenience of walk-in service and extended hours allows patients to bypass the long waits often associated with emergency departments while receiving specialized care. ### Common Injuries Treated at Orthopedic Urgent Care Orthopedic urgent care centers are specially equipped to handle a wide range of injuries and conditions, including: - **Fractures:** From minor hairline fractures to more severe breaks that require immobilization. - **Sprains and Strains:** Ligament injuries (sprains) and muscle or tendon injuries (strains) from overuse or sudden twists. - **Dislocations:** Joints forced out of their normal position, such as shoulders, fingers, or knees. - **Tendon or Ligament Tears:** Including conditions like ACL injuries or Achilles tendon ruptures. - **Contusions and Bruising:** Deep muscle bruises caused by blunt trauma. - **Minor Lacerations:** Cuts that occur alongside an orthopedic injury, particularly those that may affect tendons or ligaments. These injuries often require prompt evaluation to prevent complications, such as improper healing or prolonged pain. ## Benefits of Orthopedic Urgent Care Over Emergency Rooms While emergency rooms are essential for life-threatening injuries, they can be overburdened and may not provide the specialized care orthopedic injuries require. Orthopedic urgent care centers focus exclusively on musculoskeletal issues, offering: - **Specialized Expertise:** Orthopedic-focused providers and resources ensure accurate diagnoses and treatments. - **Reduced Wait Times:** Faster access to care compared to general emergency rooms. - **On-Site Diagnostics:** Many centers offer X-rays and other imaging services, reducing the need for referrals. - **Cost Efficiency:** Orthopedic urgent care visits are typically less expensive than emergency room visits. ## Preparing for an Orthopedic Urgent Care Visit If you suspect you need orthopedic urgent care, being prepared can help to make your visit more efficient: - **Know the Symptoms:** Be aware of signs that indicate you need immediate care, such as severe pain, swelling, deformity, or inability to bear weight. - **Bring Medical History:** Include any previous orthopedic issues or conditions that may be relevant to your injury. - **Pack Essentials:** If possible, bring insurance information, a list of current medications, and any assistive devices like crutches or braces. ## Addressing Misconceptions About Orthopedic Urgent Care Some individuals hesitate to seek orthopedic urgent care due to common myths, such as: - **“It’s not serious enough to need urgent care.”** Many musculoskeletal injuries worsen if left untreated, making timely evaluation essential. - **“I’ll be fine with rest and ice.”** While self-care can help minor injuries, a professional assessment is crucial for proper healing. - **“Only athletes use orthopedic urgent care.”** These facilities are for everyone, whether the injury happened during sports, work, or daily activities. ## Prioritize Prompt Care for Orthopedic Injuries Orthopedic urgent care provides an invaluable resource for managing sudden injuries to the musculoskeletal system. Whether it’s a fractured wrist from a fall or a sprained ankle from an evening jog, quick access to specialized care ensures faster relief and recovery. Understanding when and how to utilize these services can prevent long-term complications and get you back to your routine sooner. If you’re ever in doubt about an injury, err on the side of caution and consult an orthopedic urgent care provider—they are there to help. --- ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- **Categories:** News **Tags:** Urgent Care --- ### [How to Identify a Muscle Strain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-to-identify-a-muscle-strain/) **Published:** November 22, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![Picture of persons legs and arms. They are holding their leg, the knee and calf, with a pulled muscle.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/calf-injury-sporty-woman-massaging-leg-having-mu-2021-08-28-17-05-04-utc-1-1024x682.jpg "calf injury. sporty woman massaging leg, having muscle pain after jogging outdoors - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- #### Related Articles: - [Best Way to Treat Muscle Strains](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-muscle-strains/) - [How to Heal a Torn Muscle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-to-heal-a-torn-muscle-what-you-need-to-know/) - [Muscle Strain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/non-operative/muscle-strain/) - [Muscle Tears](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/muscle-tears-101-from-causes-to-fixing-a-torn-muscle/) - [Sprains vs. Strains](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sprain-vs-strain-whats-the-difference/) - [Urgent Care for Orthopaedic Injuries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## **How to Identify a Muscle Strain** Muscle strains are one of the most common **soft tissue injuries**, often resulting from physical activity, heavy lifting, or even sudden awkward movements whether you’re an athlete or simply going about your daily routine, understanding how to recognize and manage a muscle strain can make all the difference in your recovery. ### Related Topics: - [Best Way to Treat Muscle Strain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-muscle-strains/) - Muscle Sprain - [Muscle Strain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/non-operative/muscle-strain/) - [Muscle Tear](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-to-heal-a-torn-muscle-what-you-need-to-know/) - [Sprain Vs. Strain - What's the Difference?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sprain-vs-strain-whats-the-difference/) ## **What is a Muscle Strain?** A muscle strain occurs when **skeletal muscle** or **tendons** (the **connective tissue** linking muscles to bones) are overstretched or torn. Muscle strains are often called pulled muscles and are typically caused by overexertion or improper movement. Common sites for muscle strains include the **hamstring**, **shoulder**, **lower back**, and **calf**. ## **Signs and Symptoms of a Muscle Strain** The severity of a muscle strain can vary from mild to severe, depending on how much of the **tissue** is affected. Common signs and symptoms include: - **Pain** in the affected muscle, which may worsen with movement - **Stiffness** or difficulty moving the affected limb - **Swelling** or **edema** around the injury site - **Tenderness** to the touch - **Weakness** in the muscle - Bruising or discoloration near the injury ## **Common Causes and Risk Factors** Muscle strains are often the result of: - **Overuse or overexertion** during activities like sports or physical labor. - **Sudden, awkward motions**, such as lifting with poor form or twisting too quickly. - Skipping **warm-ups** or **stretching** before intense exercise, - Poor **physical fitness**, **flexibility**, or **strength.** - Repeated movements in sports like sprinting, tennis, or basketball. --- ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- ## **How are Muscle Strains Treated?** Treatment for a muscle strain depends on the severity of the injury, but the **R.I.C.E** method is a widely used first step: - **Rest**: Avoid using the strained muscle to prevent further damage. - **Ice**: Apply an **ice pack** for 15-20 minutes every few hours to reduce **inflammation**. - **Compression**: Use an **elastic bandage** to limit swelling and provide support. - **Elevation**: Keep the injured area elevated to reduce fluid buildup and aid healing. Cold **compression therapy**, **ibuprofen**, and rest are often sufficient for mild strains. Severe strains involving a complete muscle or tendon tear may require more advanced care, such as immobilization with a **splint** or even surgery. ## **When to See a Doctor?** Seek medical attention if: - You experience severe pain, swelling, or a noticeable gap in the muscle. - The affected limb cannot bear weight or perform basic movements. - Symptoms persist despite following the R.I.C.E method. A **physical examination** or imaging tests, such as an MRI, may be needed to assess the extent of the injury and rule out other conditions, such as a **joint dislocation** or **bone** injury. ## **Rehabilitation and Recovery** Recovering from a muscle strain often involves **physical therapy** to restore **range of motion**, **strength**, and **flexibility**. A physical therapist may recommend: - Gentle **stretching** to prevent stiffness. - Targeted **strength training** to rebuild the muscle and improve its durability. - Exercise to enhance **balance** and to avoid reinjury. The length of recovery is dependanty upon the serverity of the strain, with mild cases typically healing in a few weeks and more severe cases within months. ## **Prevention Tips** To reduce your risk of muscle strains: - Always **warm up** before exercise and cool down afterward. - Incorporate **stretching** into your routine. - Gradually increase the intensity of your workouts to avoid overexertion. - Practice proper techniques for lifting and other physical activities. - Maintain good overall **physical fitness** to support your muscles and **joints**. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) ## **Comprehensive Muscle Strain Care at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates** At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we understand how disruptive a **muscle strain** can be to your daily life. At Princeton Orthopaedics, our sports medicine team provides personalized care, from diagnosis to advanced therapy, ensuring you heal and regain strength safely. **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions, Uncategorized **Tags:** muscle strain --- ### [How to Identify a Muscle Sprain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-to-identify-a-muscle-sprain/) **Published:** November 22, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## What is a Muscle Sprain? Muscle sprains are among the most common **soft tissue injuries**, often occurring during sports, exercise, or daily activities. Despite their frequency, many people confuse sprains with strains, so let’s break it down. ![Dr. Culp performing physical examine of patients sprained knee.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-32-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- #### Related Articles: - [Best Way to Treat Muscle Strains](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-muscle-strains/) - [How to Heal a Torn Muscle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-to-heal-a-torn-muscle-what-you-need-to-know/) - [Muscle Strain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/non-operative/muscle-strain/) - [Muscle Tears](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/muscle-tears-101-from-causes-to-fixing-a-torn-muscle/) - [Sprains vs. Strains](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sprain-vs-strain-whats-the-difference/) - [Urgent Care for Orthopaedic Injuries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## **What is a Sprain?** A sprain is a **soft tissue injury** that affects the **ligaments**, the tough bands of **connective tissue** that connect **bones** at a **joint**. Sprains occur when a ligament is stretched or torn, usually due to a sudden twisting motion or forceful impact. Common areas prone to sprains include the **ankle**, **knee**, **thumb**, and **wrist**. ## **Signs and Symptoms of a Muscle Sprain** The severity of a sprain can range from mild to severe, depending on the extent of the damage to the ligament. Common signs and symptoms include: - **Pain** at the site of injury - **Swelling (edema)** - **Bruising** or discoloration - **Tenderness** when touched - **Stiffness** or reduced **range of motion** - **Weakness** or **instability** in the affected joint ## **Common Causes and Risk Factors** Sprains often occur during **sports** or activities involving sudden changes in direction, improper **footwear**, or **joint dislocation**. Failing to properly warm up or engage in adequate **stretching** before exercise increases the **risk** of injury. High-impact sports like basketball, soccer, and football often result in injuries like a **sprained ankle** or **pulled hamstring**. ## **How are Sprains Treated?** The treatment of a sprain depends on its severity. For mild to moderate sprains, the **R.I.C.E** method is often recommended: - **Rest**: Limit movement to avoid further damage. - **Ice**: Apply an **ice pack** or **cold compression therapy** to reduce **pain** and **inflammation**. - **Compression**: Use an **elastic bandage** or **splint** to stabilize the joint and minimize swelling. - **Elevation**: Keep the injured limb raised to reduce fluid buildup and promote **healing**. For pain management, over-the-counter medications like **ibuprofen** can help reduce **inflammation**. ## **When to See a Doctor?** If you suspect a severe sprain involving torn ligaments, such as an **anterior cruciate ligament injury** or **high ankle sprain**, a **physical examination** by a **sports medicine** specialist is crucial. Severe cases may require imaging tests, like an X-ray, to rule out fractures of the **fibula**, **heel**, or other nearby bones. Surgery might be necessary in rare cases to repair damaged ligaments and restore **joint stability**. ## **Rehabilitation and Recovery** Rehabilitation aims to rebuild muscle strength and reduce the likelihood of future injuries. Physical therapy Physical therapy is a crucial part of recovery in order to restore **strength**, **balance**, and **range of motion**. A physical therapist might recommend targeted **strength training**, **stretching**, and **flexibility** exercises to rebuild the injured **skeletal muscle** and prevent future injuries. Gradual reintroduction to sports or activities, combined with proper **warming up**, helps maintain **physical fitness** while reducing the likelihood of re-injury. ## **Prevention Tips** ### To lower your chances of a sprain: - Always **warm up** before exercising. - Wear appropriate **footwear** while active. - Focus on exercises that enhance **joint stability**, such as balance training. - Avoid overtraining, which can fatigue muscles and increase the risk of injury. ![Physical therapist stretching patient recovering from sprain.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-133-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 133 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## ****Comprehensive Sprain Care at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates**** A sprain may seem like a minor injury. Still, without proper care, it can lead to chronic issues like joint instability or reduced motion. If you’re dealing with a sprain or any other **sports injury**, the team at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is here to help. From initial **evaluation** to advanced **physical therapy** and even surgical options, we’re dedicated to getting you back on your feet—and back to doing what you love. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions **Tags:** muscle sprain, sprained muscle --- ### [How to Identify a Muscle Tear](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-to-identify-a-muscle-tear/) **Published:** November 22, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## How to Identify a Muscle Tear Muscle tears are a severe type of **soft tissue injury** that can impact your mobility, strength, and daily activities. These injuries range from mild to severe, with some requiring surgical intervention. Understanding the symptoms and treatment options for muscle tears is essential for proper care and recovery. ![Track runner collapsed from muscle tear of the hamstring.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/tired-sportsman-suffering-from-knee-pain-at-the-st-2023-11-27-04-52-50-utc-1024x1024.jpg "sprained muscle - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- #### Related Articles: - [Best Way to Treat Muscle Strains](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-muscle-strains/) - [How to Heal a Torn Muscle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-to-heal-a-torn-muscle-what-you-need-to-know/) - [Muscle Strain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/non-operative/muscle-strain/) - [Muscle Tears](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/muscle-tears-101-from-causes-to-fixing-a-torn-muscle/) - [Sprains vs. Strains](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sprain-vs-strain-whats-the-difference/) - [Urgent Care for Orthopaedic Injuries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## **What is a Muscle Tear?** A muscle tear occurs when the **skeletal muscle fibers** are stretched beyond their limit, causing partial or complete tearing of the tissue. The **tendon** connecting the muscle to the **bone** may also be damaged in severe cases. Muscle tears are commonly seen in areas like the **hamstring**, **shoulder**, **calf**, and **quadriceps**. ### **Signs and Symptoms of a Muscle Tear** Muscle tears can range in severity, but typical signs and symptoms include: - Immediate, intense **pain** during injury. - **Swelling** or **bruising** around the injured area. - A sensation of **popping** or **snapping** during movement. - **Tenderness** and restricted mobility in the affected muscle. - A visible **deformity** or indentation where the tear occurred. - **Weakness** or difficulty supporting weight on the injured limb. ### **Common Causes and Risk Factors** Muscle tears are often caused by: - Overexertion or improper technique during sports or physical activity - Sudden, forceful movements like sprinting, jumping, or lifting - Skipping **warming up** and **stretching** before exercise - Previous injuries or lack of **physical fitness** - Overuse from repetitive motion in sports or activities Athletes are particularly prone to injuries like a torn **hamstring**, **Achilles tendon**, or **rotator cuff**, especially in high-impact sports. ### **How are Muscle Tears Treated?** Treatment depends on the severity of the tear. Mild to moderate muscle tears can often be managed with the **R.I.C.E**method: - **Rest**: Limit activity to allow healing. - **Ice**: Apply an **ice pack** or **cold compression therapy** to reduce **inflammation** and **pain**. - **Compression**: Use an **elastic bandage** to control swelling. - **Elevation**: Raise the injured limb to reduce fluid buildup. Over-the-counter medications like **ibuprofen** can help with pain and swelling. Severe muscle tears may require additional treatments such as: - **Physical therapy** to restore **range of motion**, **strength**, and **flexibility**. - Immobilization with a **splint** or brace. - **Surgery** to repair completely torn muscles or tendons. ### **When to See a Doctor?** Consult a healthcare provider if: - Pain and swelling are severe or do not improve with rest and home care. - You notice a visible deformity or muscle gap. - The injured limb cannot bear weight or perform basic movements. - The injury involves a high-risk area, such as the **Achilles tendon** or **shoulder**. A **physical examination** and imaging tests like an MRI can confirm the extent of the tear and guide treatment. ### **Rehabilitation and Recovery** Rehabilitation aims to rebuild muscle strength and reduce the likelihood of future injuries. Physical therapy is a key part of recovery, which can involve: - Targeted stretching and exercises to restore range of motion. - Strength training to repair and fortify the injured muscle. - Exercises designed to enhance **balance** and promote **joint stability**. Depending upon the severity of the tear, the recovery period can take weeks to months for an injury to fully heal. ### **Prevention Tips** To prevent risk of injury, it's encouraged that you: - Perform **warm up** exercises before activity and cool down afterward - Focus on improving **flexibility** and **strength** through regular training. - Use proper techniques when lifting or engaging in physical activity. - Avoid overtraining or pushing beyond your limits. - Wear appropriate **footwear** for your activity to ensure support. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 131](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-131-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 131 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### **Expert Care for Muscle Tears at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates provides extraordinary care for **muscle tears** and other injuries. Their team of Orthopaedic experts will help you heal and regain strength from your initial evaluation to personalized therapy plans. Whether it’s physical therapy or advanced treatments, you'll be supported every step of the way. experiencing these potentially debilitating injuries and maintain their overall health and fitness. **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions **Tags:** Muscle Tear, torn muscle --- ### [​​Strains, Sprains, and Tears: What’s the Difference?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/strains-sprains-and-tears-whats-the-difference/) **Published:** November 22, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## ​​ ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Strains, Sprains, and Tears: What’s the Difference? Have you ever experienced sudden pain after a workout or sports activity? Understanding the difference between strains, sprains, and tears is crucial for proper treatment and recovery. This article will explain the key characteristics of each injury, focusing on muscle strains, ligament sprains, and soft tissue tears. You'll learn about their causes, symptoms, and treatment options, as well as how to prevent these injuries and when to seek medical attention. By the end, you'll be better equipped to identify and manage these common soft tissue injuries. --- #### Related Articles: - [Best Way to Treat Muscle Strains](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-muscle-strains/) - [How to Heal a Torn Muscle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-to-heal-a-torn-muscle-what-you-need-to-know/) - [Muscle Strain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/non-operative/muscle-strain/) - [Muscle Tears](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/muscle-tears-101-from-causes-to-fixing-a-torn-muscle/) - [Sprains vs. Strains](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sprain-vs-strain-whats-the-difference/) - [Urgent Care for Orthopaedic Injuries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## What Are Strains, Sprains, and Tears? Strains, sprains, and tears are common soft tissue injuries that affect muscles, tendons, and ligaments. These injuries often occur during physical activities or accidents, causing pain and limiting mobility. A strain is an injury to a muscle or tendon, typically resulting from overuse or sudden force. Signs and symptoms of a strain include muscle pain, weakness, and limited range of motion. Sprains involve damage to ligaments, which connect bones to other bones. They commonly occur in joints like ankles and wrists. Symptoms of a sprain include swelling, bruising, and instability in the affected joint. Tears are more severe injuries that involve partial or complete rupture of muscles, tendons, or ligaments. They often require more extensive therapy and longer recovery times. The following table summarizes the key differences: **Injury****Affected Tissue****Common Causes****Treatment**StrainMuscle or tendonOveruse, sudden forceRest, ice, compression, elevation (RICE)SprainLigamentTwisting, fallingRICE, physical therapyTearMuscle, tendon, or ligamentSevere trauma, overexertionSurgery, extensive rehabilitation ## Muscle Strains: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Muscle strains are common injuries affecting the tendon or muscle fibers. This section explores the causes, symptoms, and treatment of muscle strains, including edema and bruising. It covers common strain locations like the ankle, differentiating strains from ligament injuries. Readers will learn about strain causes, symptoms, and effective treatment strategies. ### What Is a Muscle Strain? A muscle strain occurs when muscle fibers or tendons are stretched or torn due to overexertion or sudden force. This injury commonly affects areas like the knee and may require physical therapy for proper healing. Patients often experience pain, swelling, and limited range of motion in the affected area. Diagnosis of a muscle strain typically involves a physical examination and may include magnetic resonance imaging to assess the severity of the injury. In severe cases, orthopedic surgery might be necessary to repair the damaged tissue. However, most muscle strains can be treated with conservative methods such as rest, ice, and targeted exercises. ### Symptoms of a Muscle Strain Muscle strain symptoms vary depending on the affected area and severity. Common signs include sudden pain, swelling, and limited range of motion in the injured muscle. For instance, a strained shoulder or biceps may result in difficulty lifting objects or performing overhead movements. Specific muscle strains can present unique symptoms. Achilles tendon strains often cause pain and stiffness in the back of the lower leg, while patella tendinopathy may lead to pain and tenderness around the kneecap. The following table outlines common muscle strain symptoms by location: **Location****Symptoms**ShoulderPain with arm movement, weakness, stiffnessBicepsPain in upper arm, difficulty flexing elbowAchilles TendonPain and stiffness in lower calf, difficulty walkingPatellaPain around kneecap, discomfort when climbing stairs ### Common Locations for Muscle Strains Muscle strains commonly occur in areas of the body subjected to frequent use or sudden stress. The lower back, hamstrings, and calves are particularly vulnerable to skeletal muscle strains due to their involvement in daily activities and sports. Soft tissue injuries in these regions can range from mild discomfort to severe pain, impacting mobility and quality of life. Other common locations for muscle strains include the neck, shoulders, and quadriceps. These areas often experience strain during repetitive motions or sudden movements, leading to tissue damage. While not as severe as a bone fracture or sprained ankle, muscle strains in these locations can significantly hinder daily activities and require proper care for optimal recovery. ### Causes of Muscle Strains Muscle strains often result from overexertion or sudden movements during exercise or daily activities. Improper warm-up, fatigue, and poor flexibility can increase the risk of soft tissue injuries, particularly in the hamstring region. Athletes and fitness enthusiasts are especially prone to muscle sprains due to the intense physical demands placed on their bodies. Certain health conditions and lifestyle factors can also contribute to muscle strains. Dehydration, inadequate nutrition, and muscle imbalances may make individuals more susceptible to these injuries. Additionally, repetitive motions in work or recreational activities can lead to overuse strains, affecting muscle groups like the lower back or shoulders. ### Treating Muscle Strains Treatment for muscle strains typically begins with the RICE method: Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation. This approach helps reduce inflammation and promote healing in affected areas such as the elbow or quadriceps. For more severe strains, physical therapy may be necessary to restore range of motion and strengthen the injured muscle. As the healing process progresses, gradual exercises and stretches can help improve flexibility and prevent future injuries. Anti-inflammatory medications may be prescribed to manage pain and reduce swelling in the affected joint. The following table outlines common treatment approaches for muscle strains: **Treatment****Purpose****Duration**RICE methodReduce inflammation and painFirst 48-72 hoursPhysical therapyRestore range of motion2-6 weeksGradual exercisesImprove strength and flexibilityOngoingAnti-inflammatory medicationManage pain and swellingAs prescribed ## Ligament Sprains: Understanding Joint Injuries Ligament sprains are common joint injuries that can cause instability and chronic pain. This section explores sprain types, symptoms, locations, causes, severity grades, and treatments. Understanding these aspects helps differentiate sprains from other injuries like repetitive strain injuries or triceps surae muscle strains, and aids in managing anxiety associated with joint problems. ### What Is a Sprain? A sprain occurs when ligaments, the tough bands connecting bones in a joint, are stretched or torn. This injury often results from sudden twisting or impact, causing pain, swelling, and instability in the affected joint. Sprains commonly affect the ankle, wrist, and knee, potentially leading to long-term stiffness if not properly treated. Sprains differ from muscle strains, which involve muscle contraction and tendon injuries. While both can cause arm pain and limit mobility, sprains specifically impact joint stability. Severe sprains may require surgery, similar to rotator cuff repairs, to restore proper joint function. The severity of a sprain is classified into three grades: - Grade 1: Mild ligament stretching - Grade 2: Partial ligament tear - Grade 3: Complete ligament rupture ### Symptoms of a Sprain Sprain symptoms vary depending on the severity and location of the injury. Common signs include pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the affected joint. In severe cases, such as an Achilles tendon rupture, patients may hear a popping sound and experience immediate loss of function. During a physical examination, healthcare providers assess the extent of the sprain through various measurements and tests. They evaluate joint stability, range of motion, and pain levels. Proper warming up before physical activities can help prevent sprains and tears by increasing flexibility and blood flow to the ligaments. ### Common Locations for Sprains Sprains commonly occur in joints that bear significant weight or experience frequent movement. The ankle joint is particularly susceptible to sprains due to its complex biomechanics and vulnerability during activities like running or jumping. Sports medicine professionals often treat ankle sprains resulting from sudden changes in direction or landing awkwardly, which can lead to ligament deformation. Other common locations for sprains include the knee, wrist, and thumb. The knee's ligaments, including the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), can be injured during sports that involve pivoting or sudden stops. Wrist sprains often result from falls, while thumb sprains frequently occur in sports like skiing or basketball. In severe cases, these injuries can progress to joint dislocation, affecting structures like the gastrocnemius muscle and requiring specialized treatment. ### Causes of Sprains Sprains often result from sudden movements or excessive force applied to a joint, causing the ligaments to stretch beyond their normal range of motion. Common causes include falls, twists, or impacts during sports activities. Weakness in the surrounding muscles can increase the risk of sprains, particularly in the wrist or ankle joints. Repetitive stress and overuse can also lead to sprains, especially in individuals who engage in activities that require repetitive motions. Improper use of supportive equipment, such as a poorly fitted bandage, may contribute to musculoskeletal injuries. The following factors can increase the likelihood of experiencing a sprain: - Poor physical conditioning - Inadequate warm-up before exercise - Fatigue or muscle imbalances - Environmental factors (e.g., uneven surfaces) - Previous joint injuries ### Grading Sprains by Severity Sprain severity is classified into three grades, each representing a different level of ligament damage. Grade 1 sprains involve mild stretching of the ligament, similar to a pulled hamstring, causing minimal pain and swelling. Grade 2 sprains indicate partial tearing of the ligament fibers, resulting in moderate pain, swelling, and some joint instability. Grade 3 sprains represent complete ligament rupture, causing severe pain, significant swelling, and joint instability. This level of injury may affect surrounding structures like the soleus muscle and can increase the risk of developing arthritis in the future. Proper diagnosis and treatment, which may include wearing a protective glove, are crucial to prevent long-term complications and muscle spasms: **Grade****Severity****Symptoms****Treatment**1MildSlight pain, minimal swellingRICE, gentle exercises2ModerateModerate pain, some instabilityRICE, physical therapy3SevereSevere pain, significant instabilityPossible surgery, extensive rehabilitation ### Treating Sprains Treatment for sprains typically begins with the RICE method (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) and may include the use of a splint to immobilize the affected joint. The length of treatment varies depending on the severity of the sprain, with mild cases often resolving within a few weeks. A physician may recommend gentle stretching exercises to promote healing and prevent stiffness. For more severe sprains, particularly those affecting the leg, physical therapy may be necessary to restore strength and flexibility. Treatment plans often include a combination of manual therapy, exercises, and modalities such as ultrasound or electrical stimulation. The following table outlines common treatment approaches for different grades of sprains: **Grade****Initial Treatment****Follow-up Care**1RICE, over-the-counter pain relieversGentle stretching, gradual return to activity2RICE, splint or brace, possible physical therapyStrengthening exercises, balance training3Immobilization, possible surgeryExtensive rehabilitation, gradual return to sports ## Tears: Severe Soft Tissue Damage Tears represent severe soft tissue damage, often requiring specialized medical intervention. This section explores the nature of tears, their symptoms, common locations, causes, and treatment options. Understanding these aspects aids in proper diagnosis and management, potentially affecting a patient's gait and overall physical fitness. Surgeons and physical medicine specialists play crucial roles in addressing tears at various angles. ### What Is a Tear? A tear represents a severe injury to connective tissue, such as muscles, tendons, or ligaments. This type of damage often occurs in areas like the patellar tendon or forearm, resulting in significant pain and loss of function. Tears can range from partial to complete ruptures, with the latter potentially requiring surgical intervention to reattach the torn tissue to the humerus or other affected bones. Tears differ from strains and sprains in their severity and treatment requirements. While strength training can help prevent some tears, acute injuries may still occur during intense physical activities. Proper diagnosis and timely treatment are crucial for optimal recovery and to prevent long-term complications that could affect an individual's ability to perform daily tasks or participate in sports. ### Symptoms of a Tear Symptoms of a tear often include sudden, intense pain and a noticeable loss of function in the affected area. For instance, a tear in the anterior cruciate ligament may cause immediate instability in the knee joint, while a high ankle sprain involving a tear can lead to severe pain and difficulty bearing weight on the affected leg. Visual signs of a tear may include swelling, bruising, and visible deformity, particularly in cases involving the heel or tibia. Patients with suspected tears often require diagnostic imaging, such as arthroscopy, to confirm the extent of the injury and determine the most appropriate treatment approach. ### Common Locations for Tears Tears commonly occur in areas subjected to high stress and frequent movement. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in the knee is particularly vulnerable to tears during sports activities that involve sudden changes in direction. Rotator cuff tears in the shoulder often result from repetitive overhead motions or acute injuries, affecting an individual's ability to perform daily tasks. Other common locations for tears include the hand ligaments and tendons, which can impact grip strength and dexterity. Patients with these injuries may benefit from using an elastic bandage for support during the healing process. Improving overall flexibility through targeted exercises can help reduce the risk of tears in these areas. ### Causes of Tears Tears often result from sudden, forceful movements that exceed the elasticity of soft tissues. Accidents during sports or daily activities can cause immediate tears, while chronic conditions may lead to gradual tissue breakdown. Electromyography tests help diagnose muscle tears by measuring electrical activity in affected areas. Inadequate healing of previous injuries increases the risk of tears. Overuse, poor conditioning, and improper technique contribute to tissue vulnerability. Understanding these causes helps individuals take preventive measures and seek timely treatment when injuries occur. ### Treating Tears Treatment for tears often depends on the location and severity of the injury. Tears in the thigh or calf muscles may require a combination of rest, physical therapy, and rehabilitation exercises to regain strength and flexibility. In cases of severe tears, especially those involving bone or causing persistent back pain, surgical intervention may be necessary to repair the damaged tissue. Rehabilitation for tears typically involves a progressive approach, starting with gentle exercises and gradually increasing intensity. For triceps tears, treatment may include targeted strengthening exercises and manual therapy techniques. The recovery process often follows these stages: - Initial rest and pain management - Gentle range of motion exercises - Gradual strength training - Sport-specific or functional exercises - Return to normal activities or sport ## Key Differences Between Strains, Sprains, and Tears Strains, sprains, and tears differ primarily in the affected tissues and severity of injury. Strains involve muscles or tendons, often resulting from overexertion or improper kinematics during activities. Sprains affect ligaments, commonly occurring in joints like the hip, while tears represent more severe damage to muscles, tendons, or ligaments. The incidence of these injuries varies, with strains being most common in active individuals. Sprains frequently result from sudden twisting movements, while tears often occur due to acute trauma or prolonged stress on tissues. Understanding these differences is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment. Symptoms and treatment approaches differ for each injury type. Strains may benefit from isometric exercises during recovery, while sprains often require rest and gradual rehabilitation. Tears, being more severe, may necessitate surgical intervention and prolonged physical therapy. Prevention strategies for these injuries include proper warm-up, maintaining flexibility, and avoiding overexertion. Distinguishing between a muscle cramp and a more serious injury is essential for appropriate self-care and determining when to seek medical attention. Key differences include: - Affected tissue: Strains (muscles/tendons), Sprains (ligaments), Tears (severe damage to any) - Severity: Strains (mild to moderate), Sprains (mild to severe), Tears (moderate to severe) - Common causes: Strains (overuse), Sprains (twisting), Tears (acute trauma or chronic stress) - Treatment approach: Strains (rest, stretching), Sprains (RICE method), Tears (possible surgery) ## Preventing Soft Tissue Injuries Preventing soft tissue injuries involves a combination of proper conditioning and careful adaptation to physical activities. Individuals should gradually increase their exercise intensity to allow muscles, tendons, and ligaments time to strengthen and adapt to new stresses. Proper warm-up and cool-down routines are essential for injury prevention. These routines help increase blood flow to muscles and improve flexibility, reducing the risk of strains and sprains, particularly in the foot and ankle regions. Regular strength training can address muscle weakness, a common factor in soft tissue injuries. By targeting specific muscle groups, individuals can improve their overall stability and reduce the likelihood of injuries during physical activities. In case of minor injuries, prompt application of the RICE method (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) can prevent further damage and promote healing. However, persistent pain or swelling should prompt a medical exam to rule out more serious conditions: **Prevention Strategy****Benefits****Implementation**Gradual adaptationReduces risk of overuse injuriesSlowly increase exercise intensityWarm-up routinesImproves flexibility and blood flow5-10 minutes before activityStrength trainingAddresses muscle weakness2-3 times per weekRICE methodPromotes healing of minor injuriesApply immediately after injury ## When to Seek Medical Attention Individuals should seek medical attention if they experience severe pain, swelling, or inability to bear weight on the affected limb following a strain, sprain, or tear. This is especially important for injuries sustained during contact sports, which can result in more significant damage. Medical evaluation is necessary if there's persistent pain or discomfort that doesn't improve with rest and home care. Increased pressure or a visible deformity in the injured area may indicate a more serious condition requiring professional assessment. Immediate medical care is crucial if there's a popping sound at the time of injury, particularly in the thumb or knee. This symptom could suggest a ligament tear or other severe soft tissue damage that may require specialized treatment. Patients should consult a healthcare provider if they notice signs of infection, such as increased redness, warmth, or drainage from the injury site. Proper medical care can help prevent complications and ensure appropriate healing, minimizing the risk of scar formation and long-term functional impairment. ## Accurate Diagnosis for Effective Treatment Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment of strains, sprains, and tears. Medical professionals assess injuries through physical examinations and imaging tests, particularly when evaluating the shoulder joint or suspecting a fracture. Proper diagnosis helps differentiate between soft tissue injuries and more severe conditions. For instance, a rotational injury to the shoulder might be mistaken for a strain when it's actually a tear requiring different treatment approaches. Treatment plans vary based on the diagnosis. While minor strains may only need rest and ice packs, severe sprains or tears might require corticosteroid injections or surgery. Accurate diagnosis ensures patients receive appropriate care, minimizing recovery time and preventing further damage. Physicians may use a combination of clinical assessment and diagnostic tools to determine the extent of an injury. This comprehensive approach helps tailor treatment plans to each patient's specific needs, whether it involves physical therapy, medication, or surgical intervention. ## Frequently Asked Questions What are the main differences between strains, sprains, and tears?Strains affect muscles or tendons, sprains involve ligaments, and tears can occur in any of these tissues. Strains result from overstretching, sprains from twisting or wrenching, and tears involve partial or complete rupture of the tissue. Severity and treatment vary depending on the type and extent of injury. How can I prevent soft tissue injuries during physical activities?To prevent soft tissue injuries during physical activities, warm up properly, use correct techniques, gradually increase intensity, wear appropriate gear, stay hydrated, and listen to your body. Rest and recover between workouts to avoid overuse injuries. What are the common symptoms of a muscle strain?Common symptoms of a muscle strain include pain, swelling, bruising, weakness, and limited range of motion in the affected area. Muscle spasms, stiffness, and tenderness may also occur. The severity of symptoms can vary depending on the extent of the injury. When should I seek medical attention for a potential ligament sprain?Seek medical attention for a potential ligament sprain if you experience severe pain, significant swelling, inability to bear weight, or hear a popping sound at the time of injury. Additionally, if symptoms don't improve after a few days of home treatment, consult a healthcare professional. How are tears in soft tissue diagnosed and treated?Tears in soft tissue are diagnosed through physical examination, imaging tests like MRI or ultrasound, and patient history. Treatment options include rest, ice, compression, elevation (RICE), physical therapy, medication, and in severe cases, surgery to repair the damaged tissue. ## Conclusion Understanding the differences between strains, sprains, and tears is crucial for proper diagnosis and effective treatment of soft tissue injuries. These injuries, ranging from mild to severe, can significantly impact daily activities and require tailored approaches for optimal recovery. Recognizing symptoms, common causes, and appropriate treatment methods empowers individuals to seek timely medical attention and take preventive measures. By implementing proper warm-up routines, strength training, and gradual adaptation to physical activities, people can reduce their risk of experiencing these potentially debilitating injuries and maintain their overall health and fitness. **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions **Tags:** muscle sprain, Muscle Tear, sprain, sprained muscle, strain, tear, torn muscle --- ### [Understanding Ganglion Cysts: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-ganglion-cysts-causes-symptoms-and-treatment-options/) **Published:** November 22, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Are you wondering, "Why do I have a bump on my wrist that hurts?" ![Dr. Ark helps a patient put on a removable splint for ganglion cyst treatment - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Ark - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Ganglion cysts, fluid-filled sacs that develop outside joints or along tendons, are usually benign but can occasionally cause discomfort. Understanding what a ganglion cyst is, its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options can help you make the quickest recovery. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple **[Orthopaedic Wrist, Hand & Forearm Specialists](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/)** who treat hand & wrist-related injuries every day. - Our orthopaedic wrist, forearm, and hand team sees it every week, so you can trust the care you'll receive at POA. - We will make sure that your condition is treated as thoroughly as possible so that you can get back to living life. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/) --- ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-14-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-12-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What is a Ganglion Cyst? If you’ve got a mysterious bump at one of your joints, it might be a ganglion cyst. A ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled bump that can form on joints and tendons in various parts of the body. The size and texture of a ganglion cyst may change, particularly during joint movement or activity. They are commonly found on the wrists, hands, fingers, feet, or ankles. While typically harmless and not painful, a ganglion cyst may cause you discomfort if it puts pressure on your nerves. The exact cause is unknown, but factors such as repeated stress, age-related degeneration, or weak connective tissue may contribute to the formation of ganglion cysts. They are more common in women aged 20 to 40 and those participating in sports with sudden stops and motions. ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-16-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")There are several areas where ganglion cysts are frequently found. These include: - **Wrist:** Ganglion cysts are commonly found on the back of the wrist, near the joints. They may also occur on the front or sides of the wrist. - **Hand and Fingers:** Ganglion cysts can develop on the fingers, particularly at the base or near the joints. They may be more noticeable on the sides of the fingers. - **Foot and Ankle:** Ganglion cysts may occur on the top of the foot or around the ankle joint. They can also develop on the toes, particularly at the base. - **Knee:** Ganglion cysts can be found on the front or back of the knee, often near the tendons. However, knee ganglion cysts are less common than those in the wrist or hand. - **Back of the Knee:** Ganglion cysts can develop at the back of the knee, often near the popliteal tendon. - **Shoulder:** While less common, ganglion cysts can occur in the shoulder area, particularly around the rotator cuff tendons. It's important to note that ganglion cysts can also develop in other joints and tendon sheaths. The specific location of a ganglion cyst can influence the symptoms experienced and the treatment options considered. If you notice a lump or bump near a joint, especially if it causes discomfort or limits movement, consulting with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management is recommended. ## Symptoms of a Ganglion Cyst Ganglion cysts may not always be painful, but if they put pressure on your nerves, they can lead to discomfort. Swelling and tenderness in the affected area are common symptoms. The cyst's size and location determine the severity of symptoms. #### Swelling: Ganglion cysts typically present as noticeable bumps or lumps near joints or tendons. #### Tenderness: The affected area may be sensitive to touch, and tenderness can be felt around the cyst. #### Discomfort: While ganglion cysts are often painless, pressure on your nerves may cause you discomfort or pain. ![woman with wrist pain from a ganglion cyst](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/woman-with-wrist-pain-from-a-ganglion-cyst-1024x683.jpg "woman with wrist pain from a ganglion cyst - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") #### Changes in Size: Ganglion cysts may fluctuate in size, getting larger with increased joint usage or during times of stress. #### Visible Bump: A visible, fluid-filled bump or mass may be observable on the back of the wrist, hand, fingers, foot, or ankle. #### Limited Joint Movement: In some cases, the cyst's presence may restrict your range of motion in the affected joint. ![young women hands suffering pain on thumb finger from ganglion cyst](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/woman-suffering-pain-in-finger-from-ganglion-cyst-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") #### Occurrence on Joints or Tendons: Ganglion cysts commonly develop on joints and tendons of the arms, wrists, hands, feet, and legs. #### Development in Specific Age Groups: It is more common among women aged 20 to 40 and individuals engaged in sports with sudden stops and motions. #### Gradual Formation: Ganglion cysts develop gradually, often over time, and may be associated with repeated stress on the area. ## When to See an Orthopaedic Specialist About a Ganglion Cyst If you experience wrist pain or suspect a ganglion cyst, a visit to an orthopaedic specialist is crucial. A physical examination, questions about symptoms, and additional tests, such as X-rays or ultrasound imaging, may be conducted to diagnose and rule out other conditions. ## Common Treatments for Ganglion Cysts Treatment options vary depending on the size and location of the ganglion cyst. Non-surgical approaches include draining fluid with a needle and medications to reduce inflammation. While more invasive, ganglion cyst surgery offers a better chance of complete elimination. It's important to consider the pros and cons of each option with your specialist, keeping in mind factors like recovery time and your individual health. ### Watch & Wait For small, painless cysts, the orthopaedic specialist may choose a conservative approach, monitoring the cyst over time to observe any changes. No immediate treatment may be necessary. However, some home treatments can provide relief: - Applying warm compresses to your ganglion cyst may help reduce inflammation and promote fluid drainage. - Gently massaging your ganglion cyst in a circular motion may aid in fluid dispersion and potentially reduce the size of your ganglion cyst. - Avoiding activities that aggravate and put unnecessary stress on the affected joint. - Applying ice packs to reduce inflammation can also help you manage pain. \*It's crucial to note that while these home treatments may offer relief for some people, consulting with a healthcare professional is advisable for a comprehensive evaluation and personalized guidance based on the specific characteristics of your ganglion cyst. ### **Over-the-counter Pain Relievers:** Prescribing Non-prescription pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can manage pain associated with ganglion cysts and reduce inflammation. ### **Splinting** Using splints or braces to immobilize the affected joint can relieve pressure on the cyst and minimize discomfort. ### **Aspiration** This common, relatively quick, in-office procedure involves draining the fluid from the cyst using a needle. ### **Surgical Removal** Ganglion cyst surgery may be recommended in more severe cases, especially if it causes significant discomfort. If you think you have a ganglion cyst, it is recommended that you consult with one of POA's orthopaedic specialists. They guide patients in weighing the pros and cons of surgery versus non-surgical options, considering factors such as recovery time and individual health, the size and location of the cyst, symptoms, and patient preferences. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Do you think you have a ganglion cyst? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you suspect you have a ganglion cyst, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## Meet Our Hand & Wrist Orthopaedic Specialists ## Frequently Asked Questions About Ganglion Cysts ### **What Happens if a Ganglion Cyst is Left Untreated?** If a ganglion cyst is left untreated, several outcomes may occur, and the severity of these outcomes can vary depending on the individual and the characteristics of the cyst. Some potential consequences of leaving a ganglion cyst untreated include: - **Persistence and Enlargement:** Without intervention, the cyst may continue to fluctuate in size, causing cosmetic concerns and potential discomfort. - **Discomfort and Pain:** While ganglion cysts are often painless, leaving the cyst untreated may result in persistent or worsening discomfort. - **Limited Joint Movement:** In some cases, the presence of a ganglion cyst may restrict the range of motion in the affected joint, impacting daily activities and function. - **Risk of Rupture:** Although rare, ganglion cysts can rupture spontaneously leading to the release of fluid into the surrounding tissues, causing inflammation and potentially triggering pain. ### Will a Ganglion Cyst Go Away on its Own? The likelihood of a ganglion cyst going away without intervention depends on various factors, including your overall health, the size and location of the cyst, and whether it causes discomfort or limitations in joint movement. ### Can I Treat a Ganglion Cyst at Home? While home remedies cannot guarantee complete resolution, some individuals have reported success in reducing the size of ganglion cysts with warm compresses and gentle massage. However, these methods may not be universally effective, and consultation with a healthcare professional is essential for appropriate guidance. ### **Do Ganglion Cysts Feel Like Bone**? Ganglion cysts are soft tissue lumps filled with fluid. When you touch one, it typically feels firm or rubbery, and it can be moved around slightly beneath the skin. However, some ganglion cysts feel quite hard and can sometimes be mistaken for a bony prominence. ### **What Triggers a Ganglion Cyst?** Ganglion cysts often develop in response to repeated stress on a specific joint or tendon. Additionally, age-related degeneration of ligaments and tendons, as well as weak areas in connective tissue, can contribute to their formation. Activities involving sudden stops and motions, such as those in racket sports or gymnastics, increase the likelihood of developing ganglion cysts. ### What to Avoid with a Ganglion Cyst? If you have a ganglion cyst, it's advisable to avoid activities that put unnecessary stress on the affected joint. High-impact activities and repetitive motions may exacerbate symptoms. Wearing protective gear during activities with a risk of joint stress can also help prevent aggravation of the cyst. ### What Makes a Ganglion Cyst Worse? Persistent stress on the joint or tendon, inadequate rest, and failure to address symptoms promptly can contribute to the worsening of a ganglion cyst. Ignoring discomfort and continuing activities that strain the affected area may lead to increased pain and swelling. ### Can You Drain a Ganglion Cyst Yourself? We **do not recommend** that you try to drain a ganglion cyst yourself. Attempting to do so can lead to complications such as significant pain, scarring, infection, damage to the surrounding tissues and nerves, and an increased likelihood of recurrence. If that's not enough, you could attempt it and still have a ganglion cyst along with those issues above. ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-34-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-35-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-11-3-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## How to Prevent a Ganglion Cyst Practicing good joint health through low-impact activities, monitoring movement patterns, understanding ergonomics, and avoiding tight footwear can reduce the risk of ganglion cyst formation. Proactive measures today can safeguard your joint health and prevent future issues with ganglion cysts. It's essential to note that ganglion cysts are generally benign, and not everyone with them will experience complications. If a ganglion cyst is causing you pain, discomfort, or limitations in your joint movement or concerns about the cyst's appearance, you should seek medical advice and consider appropriate interventions, whether non-surgical or surgical. The right interventions can help address your symptoms and prevent potential complications associated with untreated ganglion cysts. If you suspect a ganglion cyst or experience related symptoms, consult with an orthopedic specialist for a comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment plan. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates offers both surgical and non-surgical treatment options, ensuring personalized care for your specific needs. Don't let wrist pain hinder your activities—[schedule an appointment today](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) for expert diagnosis and treatment. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, News, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Conditions, Wrist --- ### [What Is Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) **Published:** November 22, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** --- ## Sciatica Information Articles We are proud to be a leading resource for those seeking information about sciatica, a common and often debilitating condition. Understanding how challenging sciatica can be, we've gathered all our valuable resources in one convenient location, making it easier for you to access the information you need. Whether you're looking for treatment options, tips for managing symptoms, or guidance on prevention, our goal is to provide you with reliable and comprehensive support to help you navigate your journey toward relief. *Updated November, 2024* - [Treating and Preventing Sciatic Pain through Stretching and Exercise](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-and-preventing-sciatic-pain-through-stretching-and-exercise/) - [Sciatica Stretches to Heal Your Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-stretches/) - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercise: Your Comprehensive Guide to Alleviating Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [What Is Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) --- ## What Is Sciatica? Sciatica is a condition that can cause excruciating pain and discomfort. In this blog, we'll provide an overview of what sciatica is, helping you understand the basics of this common nerve-related ailment. Sciatica is a term used to describe a set of symptoms rather than a specific medical condition. It refers to pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve. This pain can vary from mild to severe and is often accompanied by other symptoms like numbness and tingling. It occurs when the sciatic nerve, which is the longest nerve in the human body, becomes irritated or compressed. The sciatic nerve runs from the lower back, through the buttocks, and down the back of each leg. Sciatica typically affects only one side of the body. Understanding the fundamentals of sciatica is the first step in managing this condition. Look at our other blogs, where we'll delve deeper into sciatica causes, symptoms, and exercises, helping you identify if you might be experiencing this nerve-related pain. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-16-2-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Saleh shows a patient the spine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") You can read more about sciatica here: - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercises](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Suffering from sciatica? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you are suffering from sciatica, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- If you think you are suffering from Sciatica, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional, especially if you have a severe or chronic condition. They can provide personalized guidance and ensure your chosen exercises are safe and appropriate for your situation. You can contact us to schedule with one of our experts here: [Schedule an Appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) **Categories:** Spine **Tags:** Conditions, Sciatica, Spine --- ### [What Causes Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) **Published:** November 22, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** --- ## Sciatica Information Articles We are proud to be a leading resource for those seeking information about sciatica, a common and often debilitating condition. Understanding how challenging sciatica can be, we've gathered all our valuable resources in one convenient location, making it easier for you to access the information you need. Whether you're looking for treatment options, tips for managing symptoms, or guidance on prevention, our goal is to provide you with reliable and comprehensive support to help you navigate your journey toward relief. *Updated November, 2024* - [Treating and Preventing Sciatic Pain through Stretching and Exercise](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-and-preventing-sciatic-pain-through-stretching-and-exercise/) - [Sciatica Stretches to Heal Your Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-stretches/) - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercise: Your Comprehensive Guide to Alleviating Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [What Is Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) --- ## What Causes Sciatica? Sciatica is a painful condition characterized by a range of symptoms, primarily radiating pain along the path of the sciatic nerve. Understanding the underlying causes of sciatica is essential in its effective management. Common causes include herniated discs, bone spurs, tumors, or diseases like diabetes. Identifying the root cause of your sciatica is a vital step toward tailored treatment plans that can alleviate pain and improve your quality of life. If you suspect you may have sciatica, seeking professional care, such as that provided by Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, can help diagnose the cause and initiate appropriate treatment for lasting relief. Understanding the causes of sciatica is vital to effectively managing this condition. In this blog, we'll delve into the primary factors that lead to the development of sciatica. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 7](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-7-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 7 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Causes of Sciatica 1. **Herniated Disc:** A herniated disc in the spine can exert pressure on the sciatic nerve, leading to sciatica. 2. **Bone Spurs:** Overgrowth of bone, known as bone spurs, on the spinal bones can impinge on the nerve, causing sciatica. 3. **Tumors:** While rare, tumors can put pressure on the sciatic nerve, leading to the development of sciatica. 4. **Underlying Diseases:** Conditions like diabetes can damage the nerve, increasing the risk of sciatica. Understanding the root causes of sciatica is essential for tailoring appropriate treatment plans. In our upcoming blog, we'll explore the various treatment options available for managing sciatica and alleviating its symptoms. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Suffering from sciatic nerve pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you are suffering from sciatic nerve pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- If you think you are suffering from Sciatica, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional, especially if you have a severe or chronic condition. They can provide personalized guidance and ensure your chosen exercises are safe and appropriate for your situation. You can contact us to schedule with one of our experts here: [Schedule an Appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) More on Sciatica: - [What Is Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Are The Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercises](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) **Categories:** Spine **Tags:** Back, Conditions, Sciatica, Spine --- ### [What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) **Published:** November 22, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** --- ## Sciatica Information Articles We are proud to be a leading resource for those seeking information about sciatica, a common and often debilitating condition. Understanding how challenging sciatica can be, we've gathered all our valuable resources in one convenient location, making it easier for you to access the information you need. Whether you're looking for treatment options, tips for managing symptoms, or guidance on prevention, our goal is to provide you with reliable and comprehensive support to help you navigate your journey toward relief. *Updated November, 2024* - [Treating and Preventing Sciatic Pain through Stretching and Exercise](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-and-preventing-sciatic-pain-through-stretching-and-exercise/) - [Sciatica Stretches to Heal Your Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-stretches/) - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercise: Your Comprehensive Guide to Alleviating Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [What Is Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) --- ## What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica? Sciatica is characterized by a distinctive set of symptoms that can significantly impact one's daily life. It typically involves radiating pain along the path of the sciatic nerve, stretching from the lower back down through the hips, buttocks, and into the legs. This pain can vary in intensity, ranging from a mild ache to sharp, burning sensations, often compared to electric shocks. Activities like coughing, sneezing, or prolonged sitting can exacerbate the pain, which usually affects only one side of the body. Additionally, individuals with sciatica may experience numbness, tingling, or muscle weakness in the leg or foot, leading to varying sensations in different parts of the leg. Recognizing these symptoms is crucial for timely diagnosis and effective treatment. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-16-2-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Saleh shows a patient the spine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Does Sciatica Feel like: Symptoms of Sciatica 1. **Pain Along the Nerve Pathway:** The hallmark symptom of sciatica is pain that follows the route of the sciatic nerve, typically from the lower back to the buttock, thigh, and calf. 2. **Diverse Pain Sensations:** Sciatica pain can range from a mild ache to a sharp, burning sensation, often compared to an electric shock. 3. **Exacerbating Factors:** Activities like coughing, sneezing, or prolonged sitting can worsen the pain, usually affecting only one side of the body. 4. **Numbness and Weakness:** Some individuals experience numbness, tingling, or muscle weakness in the leg or foot, leading to varying sensations in different parts of the leg. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- Recognizing the symptoms of sciatica is essential for seeking timely medical attention. In our next blog, we'll explore the underlying causes of sciatica, shedding light on why this condition occurs. If you think you are suffering from Sciatica, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional, especially if you have a severe or chronic condition. They can provide personalized guidance and ensure your chosen exercises are safe and appropriate for your situation. You can contact us to schedule with one of our experts here: [Schedule an Appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) More on sciatica: - [What Is Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercises](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) **Categories:** Spine **Tags:** Back Pain, Sciatica, Spine --- ### [Treating and Preventing Sciatic Pain through Stretching and Exercise](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-and-preventing-sciatic-pain-through-stretching-and-exercise-2/) **Published:** November 22, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Sciatic pain, often referred to as sciatica, is a prevalent and sometimes debilitating condition that originates from the sciatic nerve – the largest and longest nerve in the human body. **Content:** --- --- ## Treating and Preventing Sciatic Pain through Stretching and Exercise Sciatic pain can be a debilitating issue, especially for those who lead an active lifestyle. Whether you're an avid hiker or enjoy weekend outings of biking, the back and leg discomfort associated with sciatica can put a serious damper on how much activity you can handle. Thankfully, there are steps that you—the active person experiencing sciatic pain—can take to both treat and prevent this particular kind of discomfort. As an orthopedic specialty group, we believe it is important that everyone takes their health into their own hands when possible by understanding what their body requires in order to stay healthy and strong. That's why were happy to share the stretches and exercises necessary to help alleviate your sciatic pain while strengthening your back so that you'll be prepared for years of future activities ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 50](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-50-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 50 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What is Sciatic Pain and Its Causes? Sciatic pain, often referred to as sciatica, is a prevalent and sometimes debilitating condition that originates from the sciatic nerve – the largest and longest nerve in the human body. This nerve extends from the lower back, through the hips and buttocks, and branches down each leg, controlling much of the sensation we experience in these areas. When the sciatic nerve becomes irritated or compressed, it can result in a range of symptoms such as severe lower back pain, sharp shooting pain, tingling, numbness, or weakness in the legs, hips, or buttocks. The primary cause of sciatica is often attributed to a herniated or slipped disc, which can exert pressure on the nerve. Other common causes may include conditions like spinal stenosis, piriformis syndrome, and spondylolisthesis. In addition to these, factors such as obesity, prolonged sitting, and improper lifting techniques can further exacerbate the risk of developing sciatic pain. ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## The Benefits of Stretching for Sciatic Pain Relief The alleviation of sciatic pain is a widely-discussed subject, and one of the most effective methods to address this issue is through stretching. Stretching benefits individuals suffering from sciatic pain by gently releasing tension in the muscles surrounding the sciatic nerve, thus easing the pressure and allowing a better range of motion. Incorporating a regular stretching routine not only targets the root cause of pain, but it also promotes overall flexibility, reducing the risk of further aggravated sciatic episodes. It is important to note that performing stretches specific to the lower back and gluteal muscles is crucial in facilitating this relief process. Consequently, seeking guidance from a healthcare professional or a certified therapist ensures that the appropriate stretching techniques are employed to achieve optimal relief for sciatic pain. ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Exercises to Strengthen the Lower Back Muscles Lower back muscles play a crucial role in maintaining the stability and flexibility of the spine, making it essential to include exercises aimed at strengthening this area in our fitness routine. With an increased rate of sedentary lifestyles and poor posture habits, a significant number of people report lower back pain and discomfort, which can affect daily activities and overall well-being. By incorporating targeted exercises such as lumbar extension, pelvic tilt, cat-cow stretch, and deadlifts, individuals can effectively build muscle strength, enhance range of motion, and alleviate discomfort. Furthermore, practicing core-strengthening activities like Pilates and yoga can complement these exercises by bolstering the muscles that support the lower back, ultimately leading to better posture, pain reduction, and improved quality of life. To maximize results, it is crucial to adopt a consistent approach, maintain proper form, and consult a healthcare or fitness professional for individualized guidance. ## Recommended Stretches for Sciatica Sufferers Dealing with sciatica pain can be a challenging task for many individuals, as it tends to have a significant impact on their daily life activities. However, incorporating certain stretches in your fitness routine can help alleviate this discomfort to a large extent. It is crucial to focus on stretches that specifically target the lower back, glutes, and hamstrings, as these areas play a major role in sciatic nerve function. Some key stretching exercises include the knee-to-chest stretch, the pigeon pose, and the seated spinal twist. Engaging in these targeted stretches consistently can not only provide immediate relief, but can also help in the long term by promoting flexibility and maintaining spinal health. Remember to consult with a medical professional or a physiotherapist before starting any new exercise routine to ensure that it's tailored to your specific needs and is safe for your condition. ## Tips on How to Avoid Recurring Sciatic Pain in the Future Experiencing recurrent sciatic pain can significantly disrupt an individual's daily routine, affecting their overall quality of life. Consequently, it is crucial to be proactive in implementing strategies to help reduce the risk of enduring this distress in the future. One effective approach is to engage in regular exercise, focused primarily on stretching and strengthening muscles in the lower back, hips, and core. This can improve posture and provide essential support to the lumbar spine, which often contributes to sciatic pain. Another critical factor to consider is maintaining a healthy body weight, as excessive weight can place unnecessary pressure on the sciatic nerve. In addition, practicing good ergonomic habits, such as using chairs that promote proper alignment, can make a substantial difference in avoiding sciatic discomfort. Lastly, consulting with a medical professional to identify the root cause of one's sciatic pain is imperative in order to establish a tailored prevention and management plan that effectively addresses the individual's unique needs. ## When to See an Orthopedic Specialist for Further Help with Pain Management Dealing with persistent pain can be incredibly daunting but knowing when to seek help from an orthopedic specialist can be a game-changer for effective pain management. Recognizing persistent pain that doesn't respond to conventional methods is essential; it could be a sign of a deeper problem that warrants professional intervention. An orthopedic specialist offers a cache of knowledge and expertise in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disorders related to the musculoskeletal system. When pain begins to negatively impact your daily activities, work, and overall quality of life, seeking specialized help is imperative. Do not hesitate to consult with an orthopedic specialist to determine the most suitable treatment options for your condition, empowering you to regain control of your well-being and resume the activities you enjoy. Taking care of your body with regular stretching and exercise can be one of the best ways to prevent sciatic pain. Maintaining good posture, staying active on a daily basis, doing low-impact exercises like swimming or cycling, and using a support pillow to help with sleeping are all important tips to consider when trying to reduce this type of pain. Although sciatica is painful, it doesn’t have to be chronic or debilitating. With the right knowledge, you can develop the tools you need to reduce the amount of discomfort you experience and take back your life. When regular stretching and at-home treatments fail to make a difference in your sciatic pain symptoms, then it’s time to reach out for further help from an orthopedic specialist who can guide you through a tailored plan for alleviating your pain. We would love to help you as your specialists. Contact us today and let us help you! **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Physical Therapy, Spine **Tags:** Back Pain, Sciatic Nerve, Sciatica --- ### [Sciatica Exercise: Your Comprehensive Guide to Alleviating Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) **Published:** November 20, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** --- ## Sciatica Information Articles We are proud to be a leading resource for those seeking information about sciatica, a common and often debilitating condition. Understanding how challenging sciatica can be, we've gathered all our valuable resources in one convenient location, making it easier for you to access the information you need. Whether you're looking for treatment options, tips for managing symptoms, or guidance on prevention, our goal is to provide you with reliable and comprehensive support to help you navigate your journey toward relief. *Updated November, 2024* - [Treating and Preventing Sciatic Pain through Stretching and Exercise](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-and-preventing-sciatic-pain-through-stretching-and-exercise/) - [Sciatica Stretches to Heal Your Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-stretches/) - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercise: Your Comprehensive Guide to Alleviating Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [What Is Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) --- ## Sciatica Exercise: Your Comprehensive Guide to Alleviating Pain Are you experiencing the discomfort and pain associated with sciatica? You're not alone. Sciatica is a prevalent condition characterized by radiating pain from the lower back down the leg, often due to compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve. Like you, many people find themselves trying to figure out how to relieve sciatica nerve pain or how to stop sciatica pain. Among the various available treatments, targeted exercises have proven highly effective in managing sciatica. In this blog, we will explore the world of sciatica exercises, providing you with a comprehensive guide to help relieve your pain and restore your mobility. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 5](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-5-4-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Saleh - Spine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Understanding Sciatica and the Benefits of Exercise Before we delve into specific exercises, it's essential to understand why exercise is so beneficial for sciatica: 1. **Muscle Strengthening:** Sciatica frequently arises from muscle imbalances or weaknesses. Certain exercises can focus on and strengthen the muscles that support the spine, thereby alleviating pressure on the sciatic nerve. 2. **Enhanced Flexibility:** Exercises can improve the flexibility of the lower back, pelvis, and legs, reducing tension on the sciatic nerve. 3. **Improved Circulation:** Physical activity enhances blood flow and nutrient delivery to the affected area, facilitating the healing process. 4. **Pain Relief:** Regular exercise triggers the release of endorphins, the body's natural painkillers, which can help alleviate discomfort associated with sciatica. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Sciatica Stretches and Sciatica Exercise **1. Pelvic Tilt:** - Lie on your back with your knees bent and feet flat on the floor. - Engage your abdominal muscles and gently press your lower back into the floor. - Hold for a few seconds, and then release. - Repeat this 10-15 times. **2. Knee to Chest Stretch:** - Lie on your back with your knees bent. - Gently bring one knee toward your chest, holding it with your hands. - Maintain for 20-30 seconds, then switch sides. - Repeat 2-3 times on each side. **3. Cat-Cow Stretch:** - Assume a hands-and-knees position with wrists under shoulders and knees under hips. - Inhale, arch your back (cow position). - Exhale, round your back (cat position). - Repeat this movement 10-15 times. **4. Child's Pose:** - Start in a kneeling position with toes touching and knees apart. - Sit back onto your heels, reaching your arms forward, and resting your forehead on the ground. - Hold for 20-30 seconds, then return to the starting position. - Repeat 2-3 times. **5. Piriformis Stretch:** - Lie on your back with knees bent. - Cross one ankle over the opposite knee. - Gently pull the lower knee toward your chest. - Maintain for 20-30 seconds, then switch sides. - Repeat 2-3 times on each side. **6. Walking:** - Regular walking can enhance circulation, reduce stiffness, and offer overall relief. - Aim for at least 30 minutes of brisk walking most days of the week. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Suffering from sciatica pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you are suffering from sciatica pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- Incorporating a regular routine of sciatica-specific exercises can significantly contribute to managing and alleviating your pain. However, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional or physical therapist before initiating any exercise program, especially if you have a severe or chronic condition. They can provide personalized guidance and ensure that your chosen exercises are safe and appropriate for your specific situation. You can contact us to schedule with one of our experts here: [Schedule an Appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) Remember, consistency is key, and, over time, these exercises can lead to improved mobility, reduced pain, and a better quality of life. Learn more about sciatica: - [What Is Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [What Are The Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) **Categories:** Spine **Tags:** Back Pain, Conditions, Sciatica, Spine --- ### [Treatments for Sciatica](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) **Published:** November 20, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** --- ## Sciatica Information Articles We are proud to be a leading resource for those seeking information about sciatica, a common and often debilitating condition. Understanding how challenging sciatica can be, we've gathered all our valuable resources in one convenient location, making it easier for you to access the information you need. Whether you're looking for treatment options, tips for managing symptoms, or guidance on prevention, our goal is to provide you with reliable and comprehensive support to help you navigate your journey toward relief. *Updated November, 2024* - [Treating and Preventing Sciatic Pain through Stretching and Exercise](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-and-preventing-sciatic-pain-through-stretching-and-exercise/) - [Sciatica Stretches to Heal Your Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-stretches/) - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercise: Your Comprehensive Guide to Alleviating Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [What Is Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) --- ## Treatments for Sciatica Sciatica is a painful condition characterized by radiating pain along the path of the sciatic nerve, often accompanied by symptoms like numbness and weakness in the leg. It can be caused by various factors, including herniated discs, bone spurs, tumors, or underlying diseases like diabetes. Effective management of sciatica typically involves a combination of treatments, ranging from conservative measures like rest and medications to physical therapy and, in severe cases, surgical interventions. Seeking professional care and a tailored treatment plan, such as those provided by Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, is crucial for alleviating pain, improving mobility, and enhancing one's overall quality of life. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-19-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") 1. **Conservative Measures:** Mild cases of sciatica can often be managed with rest, hot or cold packs, and over-the-counter pain relievers. 2. **Physical Therapy:** A customized exercise plan designed by a physical therapist can help strengthen the back and improve posture. 3. **Medications:** In some cases, prescription medications, such as muscle relaxants or anti-inflammatory drugs, may be recommended to alleviate pain and inflammation. 4. **Injections:** Epidural steroid injections can provide relief by reducing inflammation around the affected nerve. 5. **Surgery (in Severe Cases):** When conservative treatments fail to provide relief, surgical interventions like discectomy or laminectomy may be considered. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Suffering from sciatica? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you are suffering from sciatic pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- Effective treatment for sciatica can significantly improve your quality of life. If you're experiencing sciatica symptoms, it's essential to seek professional care for a tailored treatment plan. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is here to assist you on your journey to relief and recovery. You can contact us to schedule with one of our experts here: [Schedule an Appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) Learn more about sciatica: - [What Is Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Causes Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [What Are The Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercises](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) **Categories:** Spine **Tags:** Back, Conditions, Sciatica, Spine --- ### [Sciatica Stretches to Heal Your Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-stretches/) **Published:** November 21, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** There are steps you can take to get relief for sciatica. In addition to stretching and exercising, you should consult a doctor who specializes in sciatica treatment for the most effective care. **Content:** --- ## Sciatica Information Articles We are proud to be a leading resource for those seeking information about sciatica, a common and often debilitating condition. Understanding how challenging sciatica can be, we've gathered all our valuable resources in one convenient location, making it easier for you to access the information you need. Whether you're looking for treatment options, tips for managing symptoms, or guidance on prevention, our goal is to provide you with reliable and comprehensive support to help you navigate your journey toward relief. *Updated November, 2024* - [Treating and Preventing Sciatic Pain through Stretching and Exercise](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-and-preventing-sciatic-pain-through-stretching-and-exercise/) - [Sciatica Stretches to Heal Your Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-stretches/) - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercise: Your Comprehensive Guide to Alleviating Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [What Is Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) --- ## Sciatica Stretches to Heal Your Pain When you suffer from sciatica, it can feel like your world has come to an end. You might not know what is happening to you and how long you will have to live with these painful symptoms. Treating this condition can be difficult because most exercises and stretches that you find online aren’t specific for sciatica. This means the general advice about stretching won’t help much in this case. This article will help you understand the causes of sciatica, as well as different treatments for it. So keep reading for more information about the best stretches for sciatica pain and how to get rid of it fast. ## **What is Sciatica?** Sciatica is a condition in which the sciatic nerve, the largest of the spinal nerves, is irritated by either a herniated disk in the back or some other structural problem in the spine. The pain usually starts from your lower back and radiates to your buttocks and down one leg. In most cases, sciatica can be treated with exercises, stretching, and medication. The goal when treating this condition is to reduce inflammation and muscle spasm around the sciatic nerve so that it will heal properly. ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **How to Get Rid of Sciatica Pain** Sciatica is a nerve disorder that causes pain in the lower back and down the legs. The sciatic nerve is the longest nerve in your body, so when it becomes pinched or inflamed, it can cause intense pain. Most people who experience sciatica feel pain in the back of their thigh or buttock, as well as shooting pain into one of their legs. Fortunately, there are ways to get rid of this pain for good. The best stretches for sciatica relief are stretches that target the piriformis muscle. Piriformis syndrome occurs when the piriformis muscle goes too long without being stretched. This muscle helps stabilize and rotate your hip joint and causes inflammation when it becomes tight or overworked. To stretch this muscle, sit on the floor with both feet flat on the ground about shoulder-width apart. Stretch your arms out in front of you so they’re at a right angle with your torso and place one hand on either side of your hips. Press into your hands to move yourself forward and backward until you find a comfortable stretch in your hips and buttocks and hold for 30 seconds before releasing slowly. These simple stretches can help relieve sciatica pain quickly while also strengthening those muscles so they don’t go into spasm again! ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 103](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-103-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 103 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Which Stretches are Best for Sciatica?** There are many stretches that can help relieve sciatica pain. At the same time, there are also some stretching routines that you should avoid. For example, exercises like deep squats or lunges will only worsen your pain. So what are the best stretches for sciatica? - One of the most effective stretches is the **standing hamstring stretch.** This stretch can be done anywhere and on any surface, so it's a great option for when you're traveling or at work. You can also use your office chair as a prop for this exercise. By bending your leg up on the chair, you'll be placing your foot on the seat in front of it and leaning forward until you feel a mild pull in your lower back muscles. Perform this stretch 10 times and then switch legs. - Another way to do a **hamstring stretch** is to lie on your back and then pull one leg up so it reaches towards the ceiling. Have a towel or other item wrapped around your foot to keep the leg from sliding down. Bend at the knee of the other leg and try to place it as flat on the floor as possible. Hold this stretch for 30 seconds and do three reps in each direction (left and right). - Another good stretch is the **seated hamstring stretch**, which is another type of exercise that requires no props - all you need to do is sit in a chair with one leg straight out in front of you and bend forward towards that foot until you feel tension in your hamstrings (back of thigh). This can also be done lying down if sitting up feels too uncomfortable for you right now. - **Cat-Cow**: This position helps stretch out your spine to relieve pressure on your nervous system. All you need to do is lie on your hands and knees with your palms flat on the floor while lifting up your chest and rounding your back like a cat (flexing) before lowering yourself into downward dog (extending). You should hold each position for 10 breaths before moving onto the next one. Do three sets of this exercise daily. - **Kneeling hip stretch:** This stretch strengthens weak hip muscles while also stretching out tight hip flexors that may be contributing to sciatica pain . To do this exercise, kneel on all fours with both hands and knees touching each other. Bring one knee forward towards the opposite hand until you feel a slight pull at the front of that thigh then return to starting position (this shows you how far to push for maximum effect). - **The piriformis stretch:** Sit on a chair or bench with one leg stretched out in front of you and your other leg crossed over top of it, close to its hip. Reach behind you with both hands to hold your thigh firmly above the knee. The closer you get to your heel, the deeper this stretch will be. Keep holding for 30 seconds before switching sides. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Conclusion** Sciatica is a condition that can affect your lower back, buttocks and legs. It's usually caused by a pinched sciatic nerve in your spine that results in pain and discomfort. Sciatica pain can be debilitating, but there are steps you can take to get relief. The best way to treat sciatica is through stretching, which will help you maintain a healthy spine and lessen the chance of future flare-ups. You can also do exercises that strengthen your core and lower body, which may help to decrease pain. In addition to stretching and exercising, you should consult a doctor who specializes in sciatica treatment for the most effective care. Sciatica is a painful condition that can cause discomfort for people of all ages. The good news is that there are steps you can take to get relief. The best way to treat sciatica is through stretching, which will help you maintain a healthy spine and lessen the chance of future flare-ups. You can also do exercises that strengthen your core and lower body, which may help to decrease pain. In addition to stretching and exercising, you should consult a doctor who specializes in sciatica treatment for the most effective care. **Categories:** Joint Care --- ### [Sciatica Stretches to Heal Your Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-stretches-2/) **Published:** November 21, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** There are steps you can take to get relief for sciatica. In addition to stretching and exercising, you should consult a doctor who specializes in sciatica treatment for the most effective care. **Content:** --- --- ## Sciatica Stretches to Heal Your Pain When you suffer from sciatica, it can feel like your world has come to an end. You might not know what is happening to you and how long you will have to live with these painful symptoms. Treating this condition can be difficult because most exercises and stretches that you find online aren’t specific for sciatica. This means the general advice about stretching won’t help much in this case. This article will help you understand the causes of sciatica, as well as different treatments for it. So keep reading for more information about the best stretches for sciatica pain and how to get rid of it fast. ## **What is Sciatica?** Sciatica is a condition in which the sciatic nerve, the largest of the spinal nerves, is irritated by either a herniated disk in the back or some other structural problem in the spine. The pain usually starts from your lower back and radiates to your buttocks and down one leg. In most cases, sciatica can be treated with exercises, stretching, and medication. The goal when treating this condition is to reduce inflammation and muscle spasm around the sciatic nerve so that it will heal properly. ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **How to Get Rid of Sciatica Pain** Sciatica is a nerve disorder that causes pain in the lower back and down the legs. The sciatic nerve is the longest nerve in your body, so when it becomes pinched or inflamed, it can cause intense pain. Most people who experience sciatica feel pain in the back of their thigh or buttock, as well as shooting pain into one of their legs. Fortunately, there are ways to get rid of this pain for good. The best stretches for sciatica relief are stretches that target the piriformis muscle. Piriformis syndrome occurs when the piriformis muscle goes too long without being stretched. This muscle helps stabilize and rotate your hip joint and causes inflammation when it becomes tight or overworked. To stretch this muscle, sit on the floor with both feet flat on the ground about shoulder-width apart. Stretch your arms out in front of you so they’re at a right angle with your torso and place one hand on either side of your hips. Press into your hands to move yourself forward and backward until you find a comfortable stretch in your hips and buttocks and hold for 30 seconds before releasing slowly. These simple stretches can help relieve sciatica pain quickly while also strengthening those muscles so they don’t go into spasm again! ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 103](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-103-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 103 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Which Stretches are Best for Sciatica?** There are many stretches that can help relieve sciatica pain. At the same time, there are also some stretching routines that you should avoid. For example, exercises like deep squats or lunges will only worsen your pain. So what are the best stretches for sciatica? - One of the most effective stretches is the **standing hamstring stretch.** This stretch can be done anywhere and on any surface, so it's a great option for when you're traveling or at work. You can also use your office chair as a prop for this exercise. By bending your leg up on the chair, you'll be placing your foot on the seat in front of it and leaning forward until you feel a mild pull in your lower back muscles. Perform this stretch 10 times and then switch legs. - Another way to do a **hamstring stretch** is to lie on your back and then pull one leg up so it reaches towards the ceiling. Have a towel or other item wrapped around your foot to keep the leg from sliding down. Bend at the knee of the other leg and try to place it as flat on the floor as possible. Hold this stretch for 30 seconds and do three reps in each direction (left and right). - Another good stretch is the **seated hamstring stretch**, which is another type of exercise that requires no props - all you need to do is sit in a chair with one leg straight out in front of you and bend forward towards that foot until you feel tension in your hamstrings (back of thigh). This can also be done lying down if sitting up feels too uncomfortable for you right now. - **Cat-Cow**: This position helps stretch out your spine to relieve pressure on your nervous system. All you need to do is lie on your hands and knees with your palms flat on the floor while lifting up your chest and rounding your back like a cat (flexing) before lowering yourself into downward dog (extending). You should hold each position for 10 breaths before moving onto the next one. Do three sets of this exercise daily. - **Kneeling hip stretch:** This stretch strengthens weak hip muscles while also stretching out tight hip flexors that may be contributing to sciatica pain . To do this exercise, kneel on all fours with both hands and knees touching each other. Bring one knee forward towards the opposite hand until you feel a slight pull at the front of that thigh then return to starting position (this shows you how far to push for maximum effect). - **The piriformis stretch:** Sit on a chair or bench with one leg stretched out in front of you and your other leg crossed over top of it, close to its hip. Reach behind you with both hands to hold your thigh firmly above the knee. The closer you get to your heel, the deeper this stretch will be. Keep holding for 30 seconds before switching sides. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Conclusion** Sciatica is a condition that can affect your lower back, buttocks and legs. It's usually caused by a pinched sciatic nerve in your spine that results in pain and discomfort. Sciatica pain can be debilitating, but there are steps you can take to get relief. The best way to treat sciatica is through stretching, which will help you maintain a healthy spine and lessen the chance of future flare-ups. You can also do exercises that strengthen your core and lower body, which may help to decrease pain. In addition to stretching and exercising, you should consult a doctor who specializes in sciatica treatment for the most effective care. Sciatica is a painful condition that can cause discomfort for people of all ages. The good news is that there are steps you can take to get relief. The best way to treat sciatica is through stretching, which will help you maintain a healthy spine and lessen the chance of future flare-ups. You can also do exercises that strengthen your core and lower body, which may help to decrease pain. In addition to stretching and exercising, you should consult a doctor who specializes in sciatica treatment for the most effective care. **Categories:** Back, Joint Care **Tags:** Back, Conditions, Sciatica, Spine --- ### [What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica-2/) **Published:** November 19, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** --- --- ## What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica? Sciatica is characterized by a distinctive set of symptoms that can significantly impact one's daily life. It typically involves radiating pain along the path of the sciatic nerve, stretching from the lower back down through the hips, buttocks, and into the legs. This pain can vary in intensity, ranging from a mild ache to sharp, burning sensations, often compared to electric shocks. Activities like coughing, sneezing, or prolonged sitting can exacerbate the pain, which usually affects only one side of the body. Additionally, individuals with sciatica may experience numbness, tingling, or muscle weakness in the leg or foot, leading to varying sensations in different parts of the leg. Recognizing these symptoms is crucial for timely diagnosis and effective treatment. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-16-2-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Saleh shows a patient the spine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Does Sciatica Feel like: Symptoms of Sciatica 1. **Pain Along the Nerve Pathway:** The hallmark symptom of sciatica is pain that follows the route of the sciatic nerve, typically from the lower back to the buttock, thigh, and calf. 2. **Diverse Pain Sensations:** Sciatica pain can range from a mild ache to a sharp, burning sensation, often compared to an electric shock. 3. **Exacerbating Factors:** Activities like coughing, sneezing, or prolonged sitting can worsen the pain, usually affecting only one side of the body. 4. **Numbness and Weakness:** Some individuals experience numbness, tingling, or muscle weakness in the leg or foot, leading to varying sensations in different parts of the leg. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- Recognizing the symptoms of sciatica is essential for seeking timely medical attention. In our next blog, we'll explore the underlying causes of sciatica, shedding light on why this condition occurs. If you think you are suffering from Sciatica, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional, especially if you have a severe or chronic condition. They can provide personalized guidance and ensure your chosen exercises are safe and appropriate for your situation. You can contact us to schedule with one of our experts here: [Schedule an Appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) More on sciatica: - [What Is Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercises](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) **Categories:** Spine **Tags:** Back Pain, Sciatica, Spine --- ### [Pickleball Injuries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/pickleball-injuries/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![pickleball injuries](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/pickleball-injuries-scaled-1.jpg "pickleball injuries - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## The Increase in **Pickleball Injuries** Pickleball has skyrocketed in popularity, quickly becoming among the most exciting and engaging sports across the United States and beyond. It's a game for people of all ages, combining elements of tennis, badminton, and ping-pong. As the sport's popularity increases, so does the number of associated injuries. Among the most common and concerning pickleball injuries is the Achilles tendon rupture. With the increase in popularity, pickleball injuries are becoming more and more common, especially Achilles ruptures. Keep reading to learn everything you need to know about Achilles ruptures, why they're common in pickleball, treatment options, and, most importantly, how to prevent them. ## What Is the Achilles Tendon? The Achilles tendon is the thick band of tissue connecting your calf muscles to your heel bone. It is one of the strongest tendons in the body, allowing you to perform activities like walking, running, and jumping by facilitating foot and ankle movement. However, because the Achilles tendon is so crucial to the lower-body movement, it's also vulnerable to injury, especially during activities involving sudden starts, stops, and changes in direction—like pickleball. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- ## Why Achilles Ruptures Are Common in Pickleball Pickleball is fun and engaging, but it requires rapid foot movements, sudden pivots, and quick bursts of acceleration, which can place significant stress on the Achilles tendon. Players are often required to move laterally across the court or quickly dash forward to reach the ball. These explosive movements can overwhelm the Achilles, especially if you aren't properly conditioned for this activity level or haven't warmed up adequately before playing. Pickleball is particularly popular among older adults, who may not have the strength and flexibility they once did. Our tendons naturally become less flexible as we age, increasing the risk of injury during high-impact sports. In pickleball, Achilles ruptures are particularly common due to this combination of sudden movements and the demographic of players. ## Signs and Symptoms of an Achilles Rupture An Achilles rupture often occurs suddenly and is typically accompanied by a distinct popping or snapping sound, followed by intense pain in the back of your lower leg. ![close up of player with ball and pickleball paddle on an outdoor court.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/pickleball-injury-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Some common symptoms of an Achilles rupture include: - **A** **popping sensation** at the back of the ankle or calf. - **Severe pain near the heel**, making it difficult to walk or bear weight. - **Swelling or stiffness** around the ankle. - **An inability to push off your foot** when walking or running. If you experience any of these symptoms, especially after a sudden movement or pivot, it's essential to seek medical attention immediately. Prompt treatment is crucial for your successful recovery. --- ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- ## Treatment Options for Achilles Ruptures There are two primary approaches to treating an Achilles tendon rupture: **non-surgical** and **surgical** treatments. The best option for each patient depends on factors like the severity of the rupture, the patient's age, activity level, and overall health. ### **Non-Surgical Treatment** Non-surgical treatment is typically recommended for less active individuals or those with a minor Achilles tear. This approach involves immobilizing the foot with a cast or boot, which allows the tendon to heal on its own. Over time, the tendon will reattach, and physical therapy can help restore strength and flexibility. While non-surgical treatment can be effective, the recovery process is longer, and the re-injury risk may be higher than surgical repair. ### **Surgical Treatment** For most active individuals, surgical repair is the preferred treatment option. Surgery involves reconnecting the torn ends of the Achilles tendon. In the past, this procedure required a large incision and a long period of immobilization, often leading to muscle atrophy, stiffness, and swelling. Patients would be placed in a long leg cast for months, followed by a lengthy rehabilitation period. Fortunately, advances in orthopedic surgery now allow for minimally invasive procedures. Surgeons can repair the Achilles tendon through small incisions, reducing the risk of complications and allowing for quicker recovery times. With this technique, patients can begin physical therapy sooner, regain mobility faster, and reduce the risk of long-term stiffness or weakness. ## Returning to Pickleball After an Achilles Rupture The good news is that most people can return to the sports and activities they love with proper treatment. Whether you opt for non-surgical or surgical treatment, a comprehensive rehabilitation program is essential for regaining strength and mobility. ### **Rehabilitation typically involves**: - Gradual range of motion exercises to help restore your flexibility. - Strength training to rebuild muscle in your calf and surrounding areas. - Balance and agility exercises to help improve your coordination and prevent future injuries. When you see one of our orthopaedic specialists here at POA, they will create a personalized treatment plan for your specific situation. Following your surgeon's recommendations, which may include closely working with a physical therapist, helps to ensure a full recovery. With the right care, many pickleball players can return to the court within 6 to 12 months. ### Preventing Achilles Ruptures in Pickleball While Achilles ruptures can be a serious and painful injury, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk of experiencing one. #### Here are some key prevention tips: **Make sure you warm up before playing pickleball.** A proper warm-up is essential to reduce your risk of injury. Before playing pickleball, spend 5 to 10 minutes stretching your calf muscles and Achilles tendons. Include dynamic stretches such as calf raises, ankle circles, and gentle jogging to get your muscles warm and ready for action. **Strengthen Your Calf Muscles.** Building strength in your calf muscles can help take the load off your Achilles tendon. Incorporate exercises such as heel raises, resistance band exercises, and leg presses into your routine to strengthen the muscles that support the Achilles. **Gradually increase your game activity.** If you're new to pickleball or haven't played in a while, ease into the game. Avoid going all out in your first few sessions. Gradually increase the intensity and duration of your games to allow your body to adapt. **Wear Proper Footwear.** Supportive shoes are key in protecting your Achilles tendon. Make sure your shoes have good arch support and cushioning to absorb the impact of quick stops and starts on the pickleball court. **Listen to Your Body.** If you experience any pain or tightness in your Achilles, it's important that you take a break and rest. Overworking the tendon can increase your risk of injury. Make sure you pay attention to how your body feels, and don't push through discomfort! ## Meet our Foot & Ankle Specialists Pickleball is an exciting and fast-growing sport! It's important to pay attention to the injury risks associated with it, particularly Achilles ruptures. While the injury can be serious, advances in treatment—such as minimally invasive surgery—allow for faster recovery and a return to the activities you love. By taking preventative measures like warming up, strengthening your muscles, and wearing proper footwear, you can reduce your risk of injury and continue enjoying the game. If you do experience an Achilles injury, seek medical attention immediately. The sooner you receive treatment, the better your chances of a full recovery. With the right care and rehabilitation, many players can return to the pickleball court stronger than ever. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Tibia, Ankle, & Foot **Tags:** Ankle, Conditions, Pickleball --- ### [Sciatica Exercise: Your Comprehensive Guide to Alleviating Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain-2/) **Published:** November 17, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** --- --- ## Sciatica Exercise: Your Comprehensive Guide to Alleviating Pain Are you experiencing the discomfort and pain associated with sciatica? You're not alone. Sciatica is a prevalent condition characterized by radiating pain from the lower back down the leg, often due to compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve. Like you, many people find themselves trying to figure out how to relieve sciatica nerve pain or how to stop sciatica pain. Among the various available treatments, targeted exercises have proven highly effective in managing sciatica. In this blog, we will explore the world of sciatica exercises, providing you with a comprehensive guide to help relieve your pain and restore your mobility. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 5](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-5-4-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Saleh - Spine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Understanding Sciatica and the Benefits of Exercise Before we delve into specific exercises, it's essential to understand why exercise is so beneficial for sciatica: 1. **Muscle Strengthening:** Sciatica frequently arises from muscle imbalances or weaknesses. Certain exercises can focus on and strengthen the muscles that support the spine, thereby alleviating pressure on the sciatic nerve. 2. **Enhanced Flexibility:** Exercises can improve the flexibility of the lower back, pelvis, and legs, reducing tension on the sciatic nerve. 3. **Improved Circulation:** Physical activity enhances blood flow and nutrient delivery to the affected area, facilitating the healing process. 4. **Pain Relief:** Regular exercise triggers the release of endorphins, the body's natural painkillers, which can help alleviate discomfort associated with sciatica. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Sciatica Stretches and Sciatica Exercise **1. Pelvic Tilt:** - Lie on your back with your knees bent and feet flat on the floor. - Engage your abdominal muscles and gently press your lower back into the floor. - Hold for a few seconds, and then release. - Repeat this 10-15 times. **2. Knee to Chest Stretch:** - Lie on your back with your knees bent. - Gently bring one knee toward your chest, holding it with your hands. - Maintain for 20-30 seconds, then switch sides. - Repeat 2-3 times on each side. **3. Cat-Cow Stretch:** - Assume a hands-and-knees position with wrists under shoulders and knees under hips. - Inhale, arch your back (cow position). - Exhale, round your back (cat position). - Repeat this movement 10-15 times. **4. Child's Pose:** - Start in a kneeling position with toes touching and knees apart. - Sit back onto your heels, reaching your arms forward, and resting your forehead on the ground. - Hold for 20-30 seconds, then return to the starting position. - Repeat 2-3 times. **5. Piriformis Stretch:** - Lie on your back with knees bent. - Cross one ankle over the opposite knee. - Gently pull the lower knee toward your chest. - Maintain for 20-30 seconds, then switch sides. - Repeat 2-3 times on each side. **6. Walking:** - Regular walking can enhance circulation, reduce stiffness, and offer overall relief. - Aim for at least 30 minutes of brisk walking most days of the week. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Suffering from sciatica pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you are suffering from sciatica pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- Incorporating a regular routine of sciatica-specific exercises can significantly contribute to managing and alleviating your pain. However, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional or physical therapist before initiating any exercise program, especially if you have a severe or chronic condition. They can provide personalized guidance and ensure that your chosen exercises are safe and appropriate for your specific situation. You can contact us to schedule with one of our experts here: [Schedule an Appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) Remember, consistency is key, and, over time, these exercises can lead to improved mobility, reduced pain, and a better quality of life. Learn more about sciatica: - [What Is Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [What Are The Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) **Categories:** Spine **Tags:** Back Pain, Conditions, Sciatica, Spine --- ### [What Causes Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica-2/) **Published:** November 16, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** --- --- ## What Causes Sciatica? Sciatica is a painful condition characterized by a range of symptoms, primarily radiating pain along the path of the sciatic nerve. Understanding the underlying causes of sciatica is essential in its effective management. Common causes include herniated discs, bone spurs, tumors, or diseases like diabetes. Identifying the root cause of your sciatica is a vital step toward tailored treatment plans that can alleviate pain and improve your quality of life. If you suspect you may have sciatica, seeking professional care, such as that provided by Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, can help diagnose the cause and initiate appropriate treatment for lasting relief. Understanding the causes of sciatica is vital to effectively managing this condition. In this blog, we'll delve into the primary factors that lead to the development of sciatica. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 7](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-7-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 7 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Causes of Sciatica 1. **Herniated Disc:** A herniated disc in the spine can exert pressure on the sciatic nerve, leading to sciatica. 2. **Bone Spurs:** Overgrowth of bone, known as bone spurs, on the spinal bones can impinge on the nerve, causing sciatica. 3. **Tumors:** While rare, tumors can put pressure on the sciatic nerve, leading to the development of sciatica. 4. **Underlying Diseases:** Conditions like diabetes can damage the nerve, increasing the risk of sciatica. Understanding the root causes of sciatica is essential for tailoring appropriate treatment plans. In our upcoming blog, we'll explore the various treatment options available for managing sciatica and alleviating its symptoms. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Suffering from sciatic nerve pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you are suffering from sciatic nerve pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- If you think you are suffering from Sciatica, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional, especially if you have a severe or chronic condition. They can provide personalized guidance and ensure your chosen exercises are safe and appropriate for your situation. You can contact us to schedule with one of our experts here: [Schedule an Appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) More on Sciatica: - [What Is Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Are The Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercises](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) **Categories:** Spine **Tags:** Back, Conditions, Sciatica, Spine --- ### [Sciatica Resources](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-resources-2/) **Published:** November 12, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![woman with sciatica pain sitting on bed at home holding her back](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/woman-with-side-back-pain-sitting-on-bed-at-home-2023-11-27-05-10-04-utc-1-scaled.jpg "Woman with sciatica - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Sciatica Resources **If you're experiencing sciatic nerve pain, you're not alone.** Sciatica is a common condition that affects millions of people, often causing debilitating pain and making even the simplest daily activities feel challenging. If you've ever had sciatica, you are well versed in this intense pain that radiates along the sciatic nerve, which runs from your lower back, through the hips, and down each leg. When the nerve is compressed, it can lead to symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to intense, burning pain, along with tingling, numbness, and weakness. Sciatica's prevalence and the severity of its symptoms make it one of the most commonly treated conditions in orthopedic practices, and it can affect people of all ages, though it's particularly common in middle-aged and older adults. Living with sciatica can be overwhelming, as it often impacts your ability to work, exercise, and enjoy leisure activities. At POA, we understand how important it is to manage and treat sciatica effectively to minimize its impact on your life. Whether you're experiencing your first bout of sciatica or have dealt with chronic flare-ups, our team of orthopedic specialists is here to provide guidance, information, and effective treatment options. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) To make navigating resources easier, we've compiled a list of previous POA blogs on sciatica and related topics. From what causes sciatica to sciatica stretches, this resource list will help you navigate information on sciatica's causes, symptoms, treatment options, and prevention strategies, all in one place. Explore these blogs to understand your condition better and discover tips and techniques to find relief and regain control over your life. ## Sciatica Articles from POA: - [Treating and Preventing Sciatic Pain through Stretching and Exercise](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-and-preventing-sciatic-pain-through-stretching-and-exercise/) - [Sciatica Stretches to Heal Your Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-stretches/) - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercise: Your Comprehensive Guide to Alleviating Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [What Is Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) ## Other Relevant Articles from POA: - [Epidural Spinal, Nerve Root, and Facet Joint Injection](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/diagnostic/epidural-spinal-nerve-root-and-facet-joint-injection/) - [What is the Piriformis Muscle? A Guide to Understanding Function, Impact, and Remedies](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-the-piriformis-muscle-a-guide-to-understanding-function-impact-and-remedies/) - [What is Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sacroiliac-joint-dysfunction/) - [Spinal Stenosis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/spinal-stenosis/) **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions, Spine **Tags:** Back, Sciatica, Spine --- ### [Sciatica Resources](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-resources/) **Published:** November 12, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![woman with sciatic nerve pain sitting on bed at home with her hand on her back](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/woman-with-side-back-pain-sitting-on-bed-at-home-2023-11-27-05-10-04-utc-1-1024x576.jpg "Woman with sciatica - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Sciatica Resources **If you're experiencing sciatic nerve pain, you're not alone.** Sciatica is a common condition that affects millions of people, often causing debilitating pain and making even the simplest daily activities feel challenging. If you've ever had sciatica, you are well versed in this intense pain that radiates along the sciatic nerve, which runs from your lower back, through the hips, and down each leg. When the nerve is compressed, it can lead to symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to intense, burning pain, along with tingling, numbness, and weakness. Sciatica's prevalence and the severity of its symptoms make it one of the most commonly treated conditions in orthopedic practices, and it can affect people of all ages, though it's particularly common in middle-aged and older adults. Living with sciatica can be overwhelming, as it often impacts your ability to work, exercise, and enjoy leisure activities. At POA, we understand how important it is to manage and treat sciatica effectively to minimize its impact on your life. Whether you're experiencing your first bout of sciatica or have dealt with chronic flare-ups, our team of orthopedic specialists is here to provide guidance, information, and effective treatment options. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) To make navigating resources easier, we've compiled a list of previous POA blogs on sciatica and related topics. From what causes sciatica to sciatica stretches, this resource list will help you navigate information on sciatica's causes, symptoms, treatment options, and prevention strategies, all in one place. Explore these blogs to understand your condition better and discover tips and techniques to find relief and regain control over your life. ## Sciatica Articles from POA: - [Treating and Preventing Sciatic Pain through Stretching and Exercise](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-and-preventing-sciatic-pain-through-stretching-and-exercise/) - [Sciatica Stretches to Heal Your Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-stretches/) - [What Causes Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-causes-sciatica/) - [Sciatica Exercise: Your Comprehensive Guide to Alleviating Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sciatica-exercise-your-comprehensive-guide-to-alleviating-pain/) - [What Is Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sciatica/) - [What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-the-symptoms-of-sciatica/) - [Treatments for Sciatica](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treatments-for-sciatica/) ## Other Relevant Articles from POA: - [What is the Piriformis Muscle? A Guide to Understanding Function, Impact, and Remedies](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-the-piriformis-muscle-a-guide-to-understanding-function-impact-and-remedies/) - [What is Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sacroiliac-joint-dysfunction/) - [Spinal Stenosis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/spinal-stenosis/) - [Epidural Spinal, Nerve Root, and Facet Joint Injection](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/diagnostic/epidural-spinal-nerve-root-and-facet-joint-injection/) **Categories:** Back, Orthopaedic Conditions, Spine **Tags:** Back, Sciatica, Spine --- ### [Cubital Tunnel Syndrome](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/cubital-tunnel-syndrome/) **Published:** October 16, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Understanding Cubital Tunnel Syndrome **If you are living with cubital tunnel syndrome, it can make your daily functioning uncomfortable and challenging.** Imagine waking up daily with tingling sensations in your pinky and ring fingers, sometimes accompanied by sharp pain radiating from your elbow down to your hand. Pain like this causes everyday activities like typing, using your phone, or even holding a cup can become cumbersome. Many people describe feeling a "clumsy" grip or dropping things unexpectedly. This frustrating condition arises from the ulnar nerve, which runs from your shoulder to your hand, being compressed at the elbow, often resulting in persistent discomfort and limited mobility. Read on to learn more about cubital tunnel syndrome. ## What Causes Cubital Tunnel Syndrome? Cubital tunnel syndrome, sometimes confused with carpal tunnel syndrome, occurs when the ulnar nerve, a nerve that runs along the inner side of your elbow, becomes compressed. Several factors contribute to this compression: - **Repetitive Elbow Flexion:** Frequent bending of your elbow, such as during work or sports, can irritate your ulnar nerve. - **Elbow Injury:** Trauma to your elbow, such as fractures or dislocations, can lead to swelling or bone spurs that pinch the nerve. - **Anatomical Factors:** Some people may have a naturally narrower cubital tunnel which increases the likelihood of nerve entrapment. - **Posture:** Poor posture while sitting or sleeping can place undue stress on the elbow and nerve. ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 53](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-53-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 53 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Symptoms **The symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome** often manifest as follows: - A numbness or tingling in your ring and pinky fingers. - Weakness in your grip strength, particularly in your affected hand. - A feeling of clumsiness when you are handling objects. - Pain that radiates from your elbow to your hand, especially when your elbow is flexed for prolonged periods. If you're experiencing hand pain but these symptoms don't match up, take a look at our comprehensive blog on [numbness and tingling in your hands](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-numbness-or-tingling-in-your-hands-causes-and-solutions/). --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- ## Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Symptoms vs. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Symptoms While cubital tunnel syndrome and carpal tunnel syndrome share some similarities, they affect distinctly different areas and nerves. By name, it can seem easy to confuse, but once you understand each condition, you can better determine which may be causing your pain. ### Below is a quick comparison of the symptoms: #### **Cubital Tunnel Syndrome** Affects the ulnar nerve at the elbow Pain radiates from elbow to hand Symptoms include pinky and ring finger numbness Symptoms may worsen with elbow flexion #### **Carpal Tunnel Syndrome** Affects the median nerve at the wrist Pain typically radiates from wrist to hand Symptoms include thumb and index finger numbness Symptoms worsen with wrist flexion ## What Causes Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Symptoms? **Symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome arise due to compression or irritation of the ulnar nerve.** When your ulnar nerve is compressed, it can lead to dysfunction in the hand, causing numbness, weakness, and pain. ## Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Treatment Prevention can be the first line of treatment for cubital tunnel syndrome. You can help prevent it by making some easy lifestyle adjustments. ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### Common lifestyle adjustments for cubital tunnel prevention may include: **Modify Activities:** Reduce repetitive elbow bending and take frequent breaks if your job or activities require it. **Maintain Good Posture:** Ensure your workspace is ergonomically friendly to minimize strain on your elbows. **Use Proper Protective Gear:** If you plan to participate in activities that have a risk of elbow injury, wearing a protective brace or padding can help prevent cubital tunnel syndrome. ## Caring for Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Once diagnosed, it is important to take the proper steps to manage and alleviate your symptoms effectively. ### At-Home Treatments 1. **Rest:** Allow your elbow to recover by reducing activities that exacerbate symptoms. 2. **Cold Therapy:** Apply ice to your elbow for 15-20 minutes at a time to help reduce your pain and inflammation. 3. **Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Brace:** Wearing a brace can help keep the elbow straight and reduce pressure on the ulnar nerve. 4. **Pain Relief:** Over-the-counter medications, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help you manage the discomfort. ### What to Avoid - **Prolonged Elbow Flexion:** Avoid activities that require holding the elbow bent for extended periods, such as talking on the phone without a headset. - **Repetitive Movements:** Limit repetitive movements that irritate the elbow, like typing or playing musical instruments. ### Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Exercises **Performing cubital tunnel syndrome exercises**, gentle stretches and strengthening exercises, can help relieve tension around the ulnar nerve. Here are a few recommended exercises: **Nerve Glides:**To do this exercise, gently move your wrist and fingers while keeping your elbow straight to help stretch the ulnar nerve.**Wrist Flexor Stretch:**Extend your arm and pull back your fingers gently to stretch the wrist flexors. This works by helping to alleviate pressure on the nerve.**Elbow Straightening:**Straighten your arm and hold for a few seconds, repeating several times to promote flexibility. ## Meet our orthopaedic specialists: ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) ## When to Seek Help from POA's Orthopaedic Surgeons **If cubital tunnel syndrome symptoms persist despite at-home care, it may be time to consult an orthopaedic surgeon**. Here are signs that indicate the need for professional intervention: - Persistent pain or numbness that disrupts daily activities. - Weakness in grip strength that is affecting your ability to perform tasks. - Symptoms that worsen over time or do not improve with home treatment. ### What Type of Orthopaedic Surgeon Should Be Seen? When seeking help for cubital tunnel syndrome, look for an orthopaedic surgeon specializing in [elbow](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/), [hand and wrist](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/), and upper extremities. These specialists have the expertise to provide comprehensive care tailored to your needs. ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-33-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Does Treatment Look Like? Treatment for cubital tunnel syndrome may vary based on the severity of the condition: 1. **Non-Surgical Options:** Initial treatments may include physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, and continued use of a cubital tunnel syndrome brace. A physical therapist may be able to help you with specific exercises that can improve flexibility and strength. 2. **Surgical Options:** If conservative treatment approaches aren't providing you relief, surgery may be necessary to decompress the ulnar nerve. Surgical options may include: - **[Ulnar Nerve Transposition:](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/ulnar-nerve-transposition/)** Moving the ulnar nerve to a position less likely to be compressed. - **Cubital Tunnel Release:** Enlarging the cubital tunnel to alleviate pressure on the nerve. ## When to Seek Urgent Care for Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Symptoms If you experience sudden loss of sensation, severe pain, or an inability to move your fingers, seek urgent medical attention. These intense symptoms may indicate a more serious issue requiring immediate intervention. When in doubt, we recommend visiting one of our urgent care locations as soon as possible. ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) Although living with cubital tunnel syndrome can be a daily challenge, with the right knowledge and proactive care, you can manage your symptoms effectively. Understanding the condition, seeking timely help from the right orthopaedic specialist, and implementing preventive measures can significantly improve your quality of life. If you are struggling with symptoms or suspect you may have cubital tunnel syndrome, don't hesitate to schedule an appointment with POA's specialists. Our experienced team is dedicated to providing personalized care with a treatment plan tailored to your needs. > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Elbow, Orthopaedic Conditions, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Conditions, Cubital Tunnel, Elbow, Hand, Wrist --- ### [National Take Back Day 2024](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/national-take-back-day-2024/) **Published:** October 10, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![national take back day locations nj](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/National-Take-Back-Day-Locations-NJ-1024x655.png "national take back day locations nj - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") The national drug epidemic remains a serious threat to public health and safety, with devastating consequences for families and communities across the United States. At POA, we are committed to doing our part to promote the well-being of our patients and the larger community. That’s why we are proud to support the DEA’s National Prescription Drug Take Back Day, a vital initiative aimed at reducing the misuse of prescription medications and preventing addiction before it starts. Proper disposal of unused or expired medications prevents accidental misuse and protects our environment by keeping harmful substances out of water systems and local ecosystems. By participating in Drug Take Back Day, you contribute to the fight against drug addiction and help to make our communities safer and healthier places to live. If you have unused, unneeded medication at home, we urge you to take action today—find a designated Drug Take Back Day location and safely dispose of any medications you no longer need. Together, we can reduce the risks of overdose, prevent drug-related violence, and build a brighter future. Visit the [**Take Back Day Website**](https://www.dea.gov/takebackday) to find a site near you. Every small step makes a big difference! ## The following **Take Back Day** locations are in the closest proximity to our offices: - Mercer County Sheriff’s Office 640 S Broad St, Trenton, NJ 08611 - Plainsboro Township Police Department 641 Plainsboro Rd, Plainsboro Township, NJ 08536 - Hillsborough Township Police Department 379 S Branch Rd, Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 - Robbinsville Township Police Department 1117 US-130, Robbinsville Twp, NJ 08691 - Ewing Township Police Department 2 Jake Garzio Dr, Ewing Township, NJ 08628 - Jamesburg Police Department 225 Gatzmer Ave, Jamesburg, NJ 08831 **Categories:** News --- ### [Happy Physician Assistant Week!](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/happy-physician-assistant-week/) **Published:** October 10, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ### Join us in extending a Happy Physician Assistant Week to all of our PAs! At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates (POA), o**ur physician assistants (PAs) are integral members of our healthcare team**, dedicated to enhancing the efficiency and quality of patient care. Collaborating closely with our physicians, our PAs conduct thorough patient assessments, perform diagnostic tests and develop personalized treatment plans. Their expertise in taking medical histories and conducting physical examinations helps ensure that all patients receive comprehensive and attentive care. Our PAs are vital communicators, providing education, addressing patient concerns, and facilitating continuity of care. This collaborative approach not only improves patient outcomes but also streamlines workflows within our practice, ultimately benefiting both our healthcare team and the patients we serve! ![poa pa c1](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C1-1024x1024.png "Al Hollander, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c2](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C2-1024x1024.png "Maholly Ramos, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c3](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C3-1024x1024.png "Jordan Sullivan, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c4](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C4-1024x1024.png "Sierra Tango, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c5](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C5-1024x1024.png "Bryan Berlin, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c6](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C6-1024x1024.png "Kyra Ribansky, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c7](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C7-1024x1024.png "Ryan Field, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c8](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C8-1024x1024.png "Sarah Kenderdine, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c9](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C9-1024x1024.png "Dishank Thakkar, MSPA, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C10-1024x1024.png "Madelyn Schwartz, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C11-1024x1024.png "Cory Weeks, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C12-1024x1024.png "poa pa c12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C13-1024x1024.png "Sierra Whitmore, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C14-1024x1024.png "Daniel Lodge PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C15-1024x1024.png "Caroline Ambrogi, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C16-1024x1024.png "Steve Killian, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c17](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C17-1024x1024.png "Morgan Albrecht, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C18-1024x1024.png "Lucas Ryan, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C19-1024x1024.png "Ashley Thomas, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c20](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C20-1024x1024.png "Alexandra Gaudio, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C21-1024x1024.png "Logan Barnes, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c22](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C22-1024x1024.png "Alexis Irvin, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![poa pa c23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/POA-PA-C23-1024x1024.png "Filip Skwara, PA-C - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Categories:** News **Tags:** PA-C, Physician Assistant Week --- ### [Understanding Bone Spurs: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-bone-spurs-symptoms-causes-and-treatments/) **Published:** May 15, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** # Understanding Bone Spurs Have you ever experienced a sharp pain in your foot when taking your first steps in the morning or a nagging ache in your shoulder that won't go away? You might be dealing with a foot or shoulder bone spur. These small, bony growths can develop in various parts of the body, causing discomfort and limiting your mobility. ## What is a Bone Spur? A bone spur, also known as osteophyte, is a bony projection that forms along the edges of bones. These growths typically develop where bones meet each other in the joints. While bone spurs are not necessarily painful, they can cause problems when they rub against nearby nerves or tissues. ## What Causes Bone Spurs? Bone spurs often develop in response to pressure, rubbing, or stress on a bone over time. ### Common causes include: #### ***Osteoarthritis*** Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease and one of the most common causes of bone spurs. As the protective cartilage between bones wears down over time, the body may respond by forming extra bone around the affected joint edges, resulting in bone spurs. #### ***Repetitive Stress or Overuse*** Activities that involve repetitive motions or stress on specific joints, such as regularly lifting heavy objects, running, or jumping, can lead to the formation of bone spurs. Over time, the constant pressure on the bones can cause them to develop extra bony growths. #### ***Age-related Wear and Tear*** As people age, the cartilage in their joints naturally begins to deteriorate. This can result in increased bone friction, leading to bone spurs, especially in weight-bearing joints like the spine, knees, or hips. #### ***Joint Diseases*** Inflammatory joint conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, or gout can cause inflammation and damage to the joint tissues, leading to bone spur formation as the body tries to repair itself. #### ***Poor Footwear*** Regularly wearing footwear that doesn't provide adequate support or has an improper fit, such as narrow shoes and high heels, can lead to the development of bone spurs in the feet, particularly in the heel area. #### ***Trauma or Injury*** Previous joint injuries, such as fractures, dislocations, or ligament tears, can cause the body to produce extra bone in the healing process; this has the potential to lead to the formation of bone spurs in the affected area. #### ***Genetics*** Some individuals can have a genetic predisposition to developing bone spurs. Certain inherited conditions or structural abnormalities can increase the likelihood of spur formation, even without other contributing factors. #### ***Obesity*** Excess body weight is known to put added stress on joints, such as the spine, knees, and hips. Over time, this increased pressure can lead to wear and tear and the development of bone spurs. Understanding these common causes can help individuals take preventive measures and seek appropriate treatment if they experience symptoms of bone spurs. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple specialists who treat these conditions every day. - Our [orthopaedic doctors](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/orthopaedic-surgeons/) are specialized, which means you can see a doctor who works solely with the part of the body you are having issues with. - We have a whole-body health approach when it comes to orthopaedic health, and along with orthopaedic specialists, we have a team of [physiatrists](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/non-operative-sports-medicine/) and [physical therapists](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/physical-and-occupational-therapists/) here to help you get back to the things you love. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/)[.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/) --- # Areas of the Body Affected by Bone Spurs ## A bone spur can form in various parts of the body, including: #### Foot: A bone spur in the foot, especially the heel (heel spurs), can cause sharp pain, particularly during activities like walking or standing. - Symptoms: Heel pain, tenderness, difficulty bearing weight on the affected foot. #### Shoulder: A shoulder bone spur can form on the acromion (the bony process on the shoulder blade) or on the joint surfaces where the collarbone and shoulder blade meet. These spurs can result from overuse, injury, or age-related wear and tear. - Symptoms: Shoulder pain, stiffness, weakness, difficulty raising the arm. #### Elbows: Bone spurs in the elbows can develop in conditions like tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis) or golfer's elbow (medial epicondylitis), where the tendons attaching to the elbow become inflamed and may develop spurs over time. - Symptoms: Elbow pain, tenderness, difficulty bending or straightening the arm. #### Hands: Bone spurs can form in the joints of the fingers or thumbs, often due to osteoarthritis or repetitive use of the hands. - Symptoms: - Joint pain, - swelling, - stiffness, - bony nodules. ![muscle sprain knee](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Muscle-Sprain-Knee-1024x1024.png "muscle sprain knee - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") #### Knees: Bone spurs in the knees can form around the joint due to osteoarthritis or other conditions that cause wear and tear on the joint cartilage. - Symptoms: Knee pain, swelling, stiffness, decreased range of motion. #### Spine: Bone spurs in the spine, also called osteophytes, can occur along the edges of vertebrae. They can develop due to degenerative conditions where the cartilage between vertebrae breaks down, like osteoarthritis, causing bone-on-bone contact. - Symptoms: Back pain, stiffness, radiating pain or numbness. #### Hips: Hip bone spurs can develop in the hip joint, particularly in individuals with hip osteoarthritis or a condition known as femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), where abnormal contact between the ball and socket of the hip joint occurs. - Symptoms: - Hip pain, - stiffness, - reduced range of motion. ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-17-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 5](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-5-6-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 5 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 3](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-3-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") # What Does a Bone Spur Feel Like? #### While your symptoms can vary depending on the location of the bone spur, common signs include the following: - Pain or tenderness in the affected area - Swelling or inflammation - Reduced range of motion - Numbness or tingling sensation ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) # Diagnosing a Bone Spur If you suspect you have a bone spur, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional. Your doctor, typically an orthopedic surgeon, will perform a physical examination, ask questions, and may order diagnostic tests such as X-rays or MRI scans to confirm the diagnosis. # Bone Spur Treatment Options Fortunately, there are several treatment options available for bone spurs, ranging from conservative measures to surgical intervention: ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 100](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-100-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 100 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - **Medication:** Over-the-counter pain relievers may be recommended to help alleviate discomfort. OTC pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen. - **Physical Therapy:** Stretching and strengthening exercises are often recommended because they can improve flexibility and reduce symptoms. - **Orthotics:** With a foot bone spur, orthotics may be recommended. These custom shoe inserts help provide support and relieve pressure on the affected area. - **Injections:** Corticosteroid injections may be recommended to reduce the inflammation and help alleviate your pain. - **Surgery:** In more severe cases where conservative treatments are unsuccessful, it may be recommended to have surgical removal of the bone spur. ## How to Dissolve Bone Spurs Naturally While there's limited scientific evidence to support natural remedies for dissolving bone spurs, some people find relief through: - A healthy diet consisting of anti-inflammatory foods such as fruits, vegetables, as well as omega-3 fatty acids may help reduce inflammation. - Maintaining a healthy weight to lessen the added strain on your joints, potentially slowing the progression of bone spurs. - Some individuals report benefits from supplements like glucosamine and chondroitin, though results vary. While there is limited scientific evidence that these techniques will dissolve bone spurs naturally, they are great lifestyle choices and will contribute to your overall well-being even if they don't. # Don't Live with Bone Spurs - Seek Help Living with bone spurs can significantly impact your quality of life, but you don't have to suffer in silence. If you're experiencing persistent pain or discomfort, [schedule an appointment](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) with one of our specialists. They can thoroughly evaluate and recommend the most effective treatment plan to help you get back to doing what you love. Don't let bone spurs hold you back any longer! **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Elbow, Hip, Joint Care, Knee, Podiatry, Shoulder, Spine, Tibia, Ankle, & Foot, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Bone Spur, Conditions, Foot, Hand, Knee, Shoulder --- ### [Top 10 Common Finger Issues and When to Seek Orthopaedic Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/top-10-common-figer-issues-and-when-to-seek-orthopaedic-care/) **Published:** April 22, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![Dr. Ark examines a man's hand for his twitching finger issues.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-56-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 56 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Are Common Finger Issues? From simple tasks like typing on a keyboard to more complex activities like playing sports, our fingers are integral to almost everything we do. Whether it's the discomfort of trigger finger or the frustration of thumb twitching, these common issues can make even the simplest tasks challenging. Understanding their causes, symptoms, and available treatments is essential for effectively managing these conditions and returning to living without constant discomfort. With how integral our hands are in our day-to-day activities, it's not surprising that there are problems that can arise. ## Why Is My Finger Stuck? It can be a bit scary if your finger gets stuck or locked in a position. **This condition is known as Trigger Finger.** Trigger finger is caused by the tendons in the finger becoming inflamed and thickened, making it difficult for the tendon to move smoothly through its sheath. This can result in the finger getting stuck in a bent position, accompanied by pain, stiffness, and a popping or clicking when moving the finger. For more information, see [our blog on trigger finger. ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/diagnosing-and-treating-trigger-finger/) - **Causes:** Repetitive gripping or activities involving the hands, tendon inflammation, or underlying medical conditions. - **Symptoms:** Finger stiffness, popping or clicking sensation when moving the finger, pain at the base of the affected finger, difficulty straightening or bending the finger. - **Common Treatments:** Rest, splinting, anti-inflammatory medication, corticosteroid injections, physical therapy, surgery to release the affected tendon. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple **[Orthopaedic Hand & Wrist Specialists](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/)** who treat hand and wrist-related injuries and conditions every day. - We have a whole-body health approach when it comes to orthopaedic hand and wrist conditions. - We take a comprehensive, patient-first approach to make sure you receive tailored treatment for your specific needs. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/) --- ## Why Is My Thumb Twitching? If you have a twitching thumb, it may be a condition called **Thumb Twitching.** This is involuntary movements of twitches in the thumb. This can be caused by overuse of the thumb muscles, stress, fatigue, or underlying neurological conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome or nerve compression. It often presents with weakness, tingling, or numbness in the thumb. - **Causes:** Overuse of thumb muscles, stress, fatigue, neurological conditions like carpal tunnel syndrome or nerve compression. - **Symptoms:** Involuntary thumb movements or twitches, weakness, tingling, or numbness in the thumb. - **Common Treatments:** Rest, stress reduction techniques, addressing underlying neurological conditions if present. ![Dr. Ark examines a man's hand for his twitching finger issues.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-56-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 56 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-12-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Why Do I Have Numbness In My Fingers? Numbness in fingers can be indicative of **Carpal Tunnel Syndrome**. This condition is caused by compression of the median nerve in the wrist and can lead to numbness, tingling, weakness, or pain in the thumb, index, middle, and half of the ring finger. It may be exacerbated by repetitive motions, injury, or underlying health conditions like arthritis. Learn more from our [Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 101](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/carpal-tunnel-syndrome-101/) blog. - **Causes:** Compression of the median nerve in the wrist due to repetitive motions, injury, or underlying health conditions like arthritis. - **Symptoms:** Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the thumb, index, middle, and half of the ring finger, pain or discomfort in the wrist or hand. - **Common Treatments:** Wrist splinting, anti-inflammatory medication, corticosteroid injections, physical therapy, surgery to release the carpal tunnel. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 4](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-4-6-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 4 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Why Do I Have Stiff Fingers? Sometimes inflammation of the joints in your fingers can be caused by Arthritis, either **Osteoarthritis or Rheumatoid Arthritis**. Arthritis is inflammation of the joints that can affect your fingers and thumb. Osteoarthritis results from degenerative changes in joint cartilage. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition that causes joint inflammation. Symptoms include joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced range of motion. [Learn more about Hand Arthritis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/hand-arthritis/). - **Causes:** Degenerative changes in joint cartilage (osteoarthritis) or autoimmune inflammation (rheumatoid arthritis). - **Symptoms:** Joint pain, stiffness, swelling, reduced range of motion, deformities in the fingers or thumb. - **Common Treatments:** Pain medication, anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroid injections, physical therapy, splinting, joint protection techniques, surgery in severe cases. ## Why Do I Have Stiff Fingers? That wasn't a typo! **Stiff fingers can also be caused by Tendonitis.** How do you tell the difference? As mentioned above, the root of stiff fingers with Arthritis is inflammation of the joints. Tendonitis is inflammation of the tendons, often due to overuse, repetitive motions, or injury. It commonly presents with pain, swelling, tenderness, or warmth around the affected tendon, along with limited mobility. - **Causes:** Overuse, repetitive motions, injury, or inflammatory conditions. - **Symptoms:** Pain, swelling, tenderness, or warmth around the affected tendon, limited mobility. - **Common Treatments:** Rest, ice, anti-inflammatory medication, physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, splinting, and modifying activities. ## Why Can't I Straighten My Fingers Out? If your fingers won't straighten it may be **Dupuytren's Contracture**, a condition characterized by the thickening of tissue in the palm, leading to fingers being pulled into a bent position. The cause is often unknown but may involve genetic factors, injury, or certain medical conditions. It can result in finger stiffness and an inability to fully straighten the fingers. - **Causes:** Unknown, but may involve genetic factors, injury, or certain medical conditions. - **Symptoms:** Thickening of tissue in the palm, finger stiffness, inability to fully straighten the fingers. - **Common Treatments:** Observation for mild cases, collagenase injections, needle aponeurotomy, surgery (fasciectomy). ## Why Is There Pain at The Base of My Thumb? **De Quervain's Tenosynovitis** is inflammation of the tendons at the base of the thumb. It typically occurs due to overuse, repetitive thumb movements, or direct injury. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and tenderness at the base of the thumb, often accompanied by difficulty gripping or pinching. - **Causes:** Overuse, repetitive thumb movements, direct injury, or inflammatory conditions. - **Symptoms:** Pain, swelling, or tenderness at the base of the thumb, difficulty gripping or pinching. - **Common Treatments:** Rest, splinting, anti-inflammatory medication, corticosteroid injections, physical therapy, surgery (in severe cases). ## Why Do I Have a Lump In My Wrist? **Ganglion Cysts** are non-cancerous lumps or masses that typically form along the tendons or joints of the wrist or fingers. The cause is often unclear, but they may result from joint or tendon irritation, trauma, or unknown factors. Symptoms include pain or discomfort and a visible lump that may interfere with movement. Read more about [Understanding Ganglion Cysts](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-ganglion-cysts-causes-symptoms-and-treatment-options/). - **Causes:** Joint or tendon irritation, trauma, or unknown causes. - **Symptoms:** Pain or discomfort, visible lump or mass, may interfere with movement. - **Common Treatments:** Observation, aspiration (draining the fluid), corticosteroid injections, surgery (excision). ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) ## Why Do I Have Pain In My Fingertip? Mallet Finger, also known as Baseball Finger, is caused by an injury to the extensor tendon at the tip of the finger, leading to an inability to fully straighten the fingertip. This often happens due to direct trauma or forceful impact, such as during sports activities. - **Causes:** Direct trauma or forceful impact on the tip of the finger, often during sports activities. - **Symptoms:** Inability to straighten the fingertip, drooping finger, pain, swelling. - **Common Treatments:** The fingertip is splinted in extension for 6-8 weeks, and sometimes, surgery may be needed in severe cases. ## What Is Jersey Finger? Jersey Finger is not something that can only happen in New Jersey. **Jersey Finger** is an injury to the flexor tendon in the finger, typically occurring when forcefully trying to extend the finger while it is flexed. This can happen during sports or physical activities and results in an inability to flex the finger at the distal joint. - **Causes:** Forceful extension of a flexed finger, often during sports or physical activities. - **Symptoms:** Inability to flex the finger at the distal joint, pain, swelling, and tenderness. - **Common Treatments:** Surgical repair of the torn tendon, sometimes followed by rehabilitation. ## Should I See an Orthopaedic Hand & Wrist Doctor? These finger conditions, from trigger finger to arthritis, can disrupt your daily routine and cause significant discomfort. While mild cases may respond well to at-home treatments such as rest, ice, splinting, and over-the-counter pain medications, **more severe or persistent symptoms may require intervention from an orthopedic surgeon.** If you experience persistent pain, swelling, or difficulty performing everyday tasks despite home remedies, it's crucial to seek help from a specialist. Our orthopaedic hand specialists will provide a thorough evaluation, diagnosis, and a tailored treatment plan to address your specific needs. Don't let finger problems hold you back from enjoying life to the fullest. Take your first step towards relief and contact us to schedule today. Your fingers will thank you! > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Conditions, Hand, Wrist --- ### [Is it Bursitis?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/is-it-bursitis/) **Published:** September 16, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![Orthopaedic doctor examines patient for bursitis of the elbow.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-11-2-1024x683.jpg "Elbow Bursitis - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") # What is Bursitis, and what does it feel like? Bursitis can feel like a sharp, aching pain in your joints, making even simple movements tough. If you're dealing with swelling, stiffness, and discomfort, it could be Bursitis. Bursitis is a condition you can develop where the small, fluid-filled sacs known as bursae become inflamed. Bursae are located throughout your body, acting as cushions between bones, tendons, and muscles near the joints. Their main role is to reduce friction during movement, ensuring smooth and painless motion. When these sacs become irritated and inflamed, it leads to Bursitis, a painful condition that can significantly interfere with daily activities. Bursitis can affect many joints, especially those that perform repetitive movements. While Bursitis is often associated with older adults, it can occur at any age, especially in individuals who engage in repetitive tasks or high-impact activities. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- ## Where Does Bursitis Occur? Bursitis can develop in several areas of the body. The joints most commonly affected include: **Bursitis of the Hip (Trochanteric Bursitis)**: [Hip Bursitis ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/hip-bursitis-treatment/)is one of the most frequent forms, especially among runners, athletes, and individuals who spend long hours standing or walking. Trochanteric Bursitis refers to inflammation of the bursa located on the outer side of the hip. Pain is usually felt on the outside of the thigh, and it may radiate down toward the knee. **Bursitis of the Knee (Prepatellar Bursitis)**: Prepatellar Bursitis affects the bursa in front of the kneecap and is commonly referred to as "housemaid's knee." This form of Bursitis is often caused by prolonged kneeling, such as when gardening or cleaning. It can also result from an injury or infection in the area. **Bursitis of the Shoulder**: The shoulder has several bursae, making it a common site for Bursitis. Shoulder bursitis can develop due to repetitive overhead movements, such as those performed during swimming or painting, and may be associated with rotator cuff injuries. **Elbow Bursitis (Olecranon Bursitis)**: [Elbow Bursitis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-elbow-bursitis-a-comprehensive-guide/) is when the bursa at the tip of your elbow becomes inflamed. It often results from frequent leaning on the elbow or from trauma, like hitting the elbow on a hard surface. **Ankle and Heel Bursitis**: Less commonly, Bursitis can affect the ankle or heel, particularly in individuals who wear improper footwear or engage in high-impact sports like running or jumping. # Symptoms of Bursitis The symptoms of Bursitis can vary based on its location, but the most common signs include: - **Pain**: The pain associated with Bursitis can range from mild to severe. It typically worsens with movement or pressure. For example, hip bursitis may cause discomfort when walking or lying on the affected side, while knee bursitis may make it painful to kneel or bend the leg. - **Swelling**: The inflamed bursa can cause visible swelling in the affected area. In the case of prepatellar Bursitis, the swelling may resemble a soft, fluid-filled lump in front of the kneecap. - **Stiffness and Limited Movement**: Bursitis can restrict joint movement. If you have shoulder bursitis, for example, you may find it difficult to raise your arms up above your head or perform everyday tasks such as reaching or lifting. - **Tenderness and Warmth**: The area over the inflamed bursa may feel tender to the touch, and the skin may be warm. Redness can also be a sign of inflammation or infection. ![Dr. Abrams - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates examines a female patient's shoulder for a shoulder bone spur](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 25](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-25-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 25 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Boriello-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") # What Causes Bursitis? Several factors can lead to Bursitis, with the primary causes including: - **Repetitive Movements**: Continuous, repetitive motion is one of the leading causes of Bursitis. Athletes, particularly runners and swimmers, are at a higher risk due to repetitive movements that place stress on certain joints. Occupations that require kneeling, bending, or lifting can also increase the risk of developing Bursitis. - **Injury or Trauma**: Having a sudden injury, such as a fall or blow to the joint, can lead to inflammation of the bursa. Even minor trauma, if repeated over time, can cause irritation. - **Prolonged Pressure**: Constant pressure on a joint, such as kneeling for long periods or leaning on the elbows, can irritate the bursae. This is common in jobs like cleaning, carpentry, and gardening, where people spend extended time in certain positions. - **Aging**: As we age, our tendons and ligaments lose flexibility, making them more susceptible to wear and tear. This increases the likelihood of Bursitis as our bodies become less efficient at absorbing the stresses of daily activities. - **Infection**: In some cases, Bursitis can be caused by an infection (septic Bursitis). This is more likely to occur when a bursa near the skin, like the elbow or knee, becomes infected due to a cut or scrape. Septic Bursitis requires prompt medical treatment with antibiotics. - **Underlying Medical Conditions**: Conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and diabetes can contribute to the development of Bursitis. These diseases often cause inflammation in various parts of the body, increasing the likelihood of bursa irritation. # When to See a Doctor for Bursitis While many cases of Bursitis can be managed at home, it's important to consult a doctor if: - **The pain is severe** and doesn't improve with home treatments. - **There is excessive swelling** or redness in the joint. - **You have a fever or other signs of infection**, such as warmth or pus near the bursa. - You experience a **significant reduction in joint mobility**. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) ## Treatments for Bursitis Bursitis can typically be managed with non-invasive treatments. Here's a breakdown of the most common methods: **Rest**: Resting the affected area is essential to allow the inflammation to subside. Avoid the activities that triggered the condition, especially repetitive movements. **Ice**: Applying ice packs to the area in 15-20 minute intervals multiple times a day can help to reduce inflammation and alleviate your pain, especially in the early days of the condition. **Over-the-Counter Medications**: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or naproxen, can help control pain and reduce swelling. **Physical Therapy**: A physical therapist can design a rehabilitation program tailored to your specific needs. This typically includes exercises to stretch and strengthen the muscles surrounding the joint which helps to improve flexibility and prevent future occurrences. **Steroid Injections**: In cases of severe or persistent pain, a corticosteroid injection directly into the bursa can provide quick relief. These injections reduce inflammation and may alleviate symptoms for several months. **Aspiration**: In cases of severe swelling, fluid may be drained from the bursa through a procedure called aspiration. This can reduce pressure and provide relief from pain. **Surgery**: In rare cases, when conservative treatments fail, surgery may be necessary to remove the inflamed bursa. Surgical removal of the bursa typically resolves the issue and is followed by physical therapy to restore full function to the joint. ## Home Care for Bursitis: How to Heal Hip Bursitis and Other Forms at Home Many cases of Bursitis, particularly mild ones, can be treated effectively at home. Here's how to manage it: **Rest the Affected Joint**: Stop any activity that may have caused the condition. Rest allows the inflammation to calm down and prevents further damage. **Ice the Area**: Apply ice to the affected joint for 15-20 minutes every few hours during the first 48 hours. Ice helps reduce swelling and numbs the pain. **Use Compression and Elevation**: Wrapping the joint with an elastic bandage can help control swelling. Elevating the joint can promote blood flow and reduce swelling, especially in the knees and ankles. **Perform Gentle Stretches**: Once the pain has subsided, gentle stretching can improve flexibility and reduce stiffness. Be cautious and avoid overextending the joint. # Preventing Bursitis Preventing Bursitis involves taking steps to reduce stress on the joints and prevent inflammation. Some helpful strategies include: ![Stretching for bursitis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/POA-physical-therapy-flier-replacement-shoot-46-683x1024.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- **Warm Up and Stretch**: Before you begin any physical activity, warm up and stretch the muscles around the joints to help improve flexibility and reduce the risk of irritation. - **Use Proper Equipment**: Wearing supportive shoes and using cushioned pads when kneeling or leaning on joints can help prevent undue pressure on the bursae. - **Take Breaks**: If your job or hobby requires repetitive motion, be sure to take frequent breaks to rest the joints. Alternating tasks can also reduce stress on a particular joint. - **Maintain a Healthy Weight**: Carrying excess weight puts additional pressure on joints, especially the hips, knees, and ankles. Trhough maintaining a healthy weight you can help alleviate this added strain and reduce your risks of developing bursitis. - **Strengthen Muscles Around Joints**: Strengthening the muscles around joints through targeted exercises can help improve stability and reduce pressure on the bursae. # Is it Bursitis or Arthritis? To distinguish between **bursitis** and **arthritis**, it's important to look at the specific symptoms and areas affected: ## Bursitis **Bursitis occurs when you develop inflammation of the bursa**, the small fluid-filled sacs that cushion the joints. It typically presents as **localized pain, swelling, and tenderness in areas like the hips, knees, elbows, or shoulders.** The pain often worsens with movement or pressure on the affected area and can appear suddenly after repetitive activities or injury. ## Arthritis **Arthritis, on the other hand, is inflammation of the joint itself,** affecting the bones, cartilage, and connective tissues. **It often causes chronic pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion. The pain may be widespread across multiple joints** and is often worse after periods of inactivity or first thing in the morning. Arthritis symptoms usually develop gradually over time and can result from conditions like osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. In short, bursitis tends to be **acute**, focused on a specific joint with **movement-triggered pain**, while arthritis is typically **chronic**, affecting **joint function and movement** over time. If in doubt, an orthopedic specialist can help provide a diagnosis through physical exams and imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs. --- ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Elbow, Hip, Knee, News **Tags:** Bursitis of the Knee, Conditions, Elbow Bursitis, Hip Bursitis --- ### [Pain in the Front of Your Lower Leg? It Could be Shin Splints!](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/pain-in-the-front-of-your-lower-leg-it-could-be-shin-splints/) **Published:** September 9, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![Dr. Haskel, Sports Medicine Doctor - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates examine's patient's shin splints ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-23-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **If you're experiencing pain in the front of your lower leg, especially after running or engaging in high-impact activities, you could be dealing with shin splints**. Shin splints affect many athletes, hikers, and fitness enthusiasts, causing discomfort and sometimes even limiting physical activity. If you're struggling with shin pain, you're not alone. But what are shin splints? Let's take a look at shin splints, what causes them, and how to recognize the symptoms and prevent them in the future. # What Are Shin Splints? Shin splints, formally known as **medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS)**, refer to the pain felt along the inner edge of the shinbone (tibia). This condition happens when the muscles, tendons, and bone tissue around the tibia become overworked due to repetitive stress. Usually, shin splints occur in runners, but anyone participating in physical activities like hiking, basketball, or dance can develop this type of leg pain. ## Shin Splints Symptoms Recognizing the symptoms of **shin splints** is key to getting the right treatment. #### The most common symptoms include: - **A dull, aching pain in the shin**: This pain is typically located along the front or inner part of the lower leg and can intensify during or after exercise. - **Tenderness or soreness along the shinbone**: Pressing on the affected area often causes discomfort. - **Swelling in the lower leg**: Some people experience mild swelling in the shins, particularly after exercising. - **Shin pain that worsens with activity**: As the condition progresses, the pain may worsen during physical activities like running or jumping and may persist even during rest If you're experiencing any of these symptoms, it's important to take steps to reduce the pain and prevent further damage. ## What Causes Shin Splints? The primary cause of **shin splints** is repetitive stress to the lower leg. This stress can lead to inflammation of the muscles and tendons surrounding the shinbone, causing pain. #### Some of the most common causes of shin splints include: - **Sudden increases in physical activity**: Ramping up your workout intensity or duration too quickly can place extra stress on your shins. - **Running on hard surfaces**: Pavement or concrete surfaces don't absorb impact well, increasing stress on your legs. - **Improper footwear**: Wearing worn-out or unsupportive shoes can contribute to shin splints. - **Flat feet or high arches**: These foot conditions can alter your biomechanics, placing more stress on the shins. - **Poor running form**: Incorrect running technique, such as overstriding or landing too heavily on your heels, can lead to shin pain. Understanding the causes of your shin splints is important to help you prevent future occurrences. --- ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- # Shin Splints Treatment ## How to Care for Shin Splints at Home If you're wondering how to get rid of shin splints, the good news is that in most cases they can be treated at home with simple home remedies and changes to your workout routine. #### Here are ways to care for **shin splints** at home: **Rest**: The most important aspect of treating shin splints is giving your legs time to heal. Avoid high-impact activities that aggravate the pain, like running or jumping. **Ice the affected area**: Apply ice packs to your shins for 15-20 minutes several times a day. This helps to reduce inflammation and pain. **Compression**: Wearing compression sleeves can help reduce swelling and provide support to the affected area. **Elevation**: Elevating your legs after exercise can help decrease swelling and improve circulation. **Over-the-counter pain relievers**: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can reduce pain and inflammation. ## How to Prevent Shin Splints Preventing shin splints is crucial to avoiding recurrent pain. #### Here are some strategies to keep your **shin splints** at bay: **Wear proper footwear**: Invest in supportive running shoes. Get fitted for shoes that provide adequate cushioning and stability for your specific feet. Shoes that are worn-out and have lost their cushining and support can fail to properly absorb the impact of your foot hitting the ground. When that shock isn't absorbed by your shoes, it transfers more stress to your lower legs, increasing the risk of develping shin splints. Shoes that don’t provide adequate arch support or cushioning can contribute to shin splints, especially if you have flat feet, high arches, or other foot mechanics issues. Shoes designed specifically for your foot type and activity level can help distribute the forces evenly and prevent overloading your shins. **Stretch and strengthen**: Regularly stretching your calves and strengthening the muscles in your lower legs can hlep improve flexibility and reduce your risk of developing shin splints. **Run on softer surfaces**: Whenever possible, run on grass, trails, or a track instead of concrete or asphalt. Running on these softer surfaces can help reduce the impact on your legs, as these surfaces absorb more shock. This will lessen the stress put on your shinbones and surrounding tissues, lowering the likelihoo of developing shin splints. Running on hard surfaces increases your risk of developing shin splints. Surfaces like concrete and asphalt don’t absorb the impact of your steps, meaning the force is transmitted back up through your legs, putting additional stress on your muscles and bones which can lead to inflammation and pain in your shins. **Ease into new workouts**: Gradually increase the intensity and duration of your exercise routine to give your body time to adapt. **Improve your running form**: Pay attention to your stride and landing mechanics. Landing softly and maintaining a shorter stride can help distribute impact more evenly. ## Dealing with Shin Splints: When to See a Specialist If your shin splints aren't improving with rest and home treatment, or if the pain becomes severe, it may be time to see a **sports medicine specialist**. A sports med doctor can help determine if your shin splints are caused by an underlying issue like a stress fracture, or they may suggest more advanced treatment options. ### Here are signs you should see a sports medicine doctor: - **Pain persists** despite rest and home care. - You experience **severe pain** even when not exercising. - **Swelling** in the shin area is increasing. - There's concern about **a potential stress fracture**. **Sports medicine specialists** can perform imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs to rule out more serious injuries. They may also recommend other treatments such as physical therapy to help you strengthen the muscles around your shins, custom orthotics to correct any biomechanical issues, or even **gait analysis** to improve your running form. --- #### What is Gait Analysis? **Gait analysis** is a way of studying how you walk or run to understand your movement patterns. It looks at how your feet hit the ground, how your legs move, and how your body stays balanced. The goal is to identify any imbalances or issues that could lead to injuries, like shin splints or knee pain. During a gait analysis, a specialist might watch you walk or run or use technology like a treadmill and cameras to get a detailed view. Based on the results, they might recommend specific shoes, insoles, or exercises to improve your form and reduce the risk of injury. --- # Meet Our Sports Medicine Doctors ## Advanced Treatment Options for Shin Splints If basic treatments aren't effective, your specialist may suggest advanced interventions. These may include: - **Physical therapy**: A physical therapist can guide you through exercises that strengthen the muscles supporting your shins and improve your flexibility. - **Custom orthotics**: If flat feet or high arches are contributing to your shin splints, custom shoe inserts can provide the support you need. ## Long-Term Treatment and Prevention Once you've recovered from shin splints, it's important to make long-term adjustments to avoid future injuries. Follow these tips: - **Stick to a well-rounded workout routine**: To help give our legs a break from high-impact activities you can ncorporate low-impact exercises like cycling or swimming into your routine. - **Continue strengthening and stretching**: Regularly strengthening the muscles in your legs and stretching your calves and Achilles tendons can reduce stress on your shins. - **Cross-train**: Mix up your workouts with different types of exercise to avoid overloading your shins with repetitive impact. # Shin Splints Don't Have to Hold You Back **Shin splints** can definitely be painful and frustrating especially if you're in the middle of training, but with the right treatment and preventative strategies, you can recover and get back to your favorite activities. Remember, rest is key to healing, and making gradual changes, instead of sudden, to your workout routine can help you avoid shin splints in the future. If your symptoms persist, don't hesitate to seek help from a [sports medicine specialist](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/), who can provide a tailored treatment plan to get you back on track. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Sports Medicine **Tags:** Conditions, Pain in the Front of Your Lower Leg, Shin Splints, Sports Med Doc, Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Doctor --- ### [What is a Baker's Cyst?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-a-bakers-cyst/) **Published:** October 2, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## If you feel a tight, achy feeling behind your knee, it might be a Baker's cyst. **Daily life with a Baker's cyst** often feels like an uninvited house guest, quietly making its presence known with discomfort or swelling behind your knee. However, understanding Baker's cyst symptoms and causes can bring you a sense of empowerment and control, time to kick that house guest out. If you have a Baker's cyst, you may notice the area feeling tight or achy, particularly after standing or walking long. Simple activities like climbing stairs, kneeling, or even fully extending your leg might become challenging. As an orthopaedic surgeon at the forefront of musculoskeletal care, I've seen how disruptive **Baker's cysts** can be to daily life. It's not just the physical discomfort—there's also the lingering uncertainty about what this swelling means and how to manage it. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple highly specialized, board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons. - We know that we serve people - *actual humans -* not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. - The world of orthpaedics is constantly evolving. Our orthopaedic surgeons are constantly evaluating new techniques, tools and methods to serve our community even better. - We provide outcome-focused treatment. We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing custom treatment plans that fit our patient's lives. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- # What is a Baker's Cyst? **A Baker's cyst (known as a popliteal cyst) is a fluid-filled sac that forms behind your knee**. It develops when excess joint fluid—known as synovial fluid—accumulates in the popliteal bursa; this small sac serves to help cushion the knee joint. This accumulation causes swelling and, in some cases, discomfort. **The Baker's cyst is usually a symptom of an underlying issue**, such as arthritis or a meniscus tear. While the cyst can vary in size, it can become large enough to restrict knee movement and cause significant pain. ## What are Baker's Cyst Symptoms? **Bakers cyst symptoms can vary from person to person**. Many individuals experience no symptoms at all, while others may notice: ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- A bulging mass or lump behind the knee - Tightness or stiffness in the knee - Pain in the back of the knee, especially after standing or moving around - Swelling that can extend down the calf in some cases - Limited range of motion in the knee - A clicking or popping sensation with movement In rare cases, the cyst can rupture, causing a sharp pain with swelling in your lower leg that mimics the symptoms of a blood clot; this can be a medical emergency and should be addressed immediately. Additional symptoms of a ruptured Baker's cyst may include severe pain, sudden swelling, and difficulty bearing weight on the affected leg. ## Where Do Bakers Cysts Form, and Why? **Baker's cysts form in the popliteal space at the back of the knee joint.** This space contains the popliteal bursa, which is prone to filling with excess synovial fluid under certain conditions. When the knee experiences inflammation due to arthritis, injury, or other joint issues, the body naturally produces more fluid to cushion the joint. However, when there is too much fluid, it can leak into the bursa and form a cyst. The location behind the knee makes this area particularly vulnerable to fluid buildup because of its anatomy and function in movement, especially when the knee joint is stressed or overused. ## What Causes a Baker's Cyst? Several underlying conditions can lead to the formation of a Baker's cyst: - **Osteoarthritis**: As the most common cause, this wear-and-tear condition inflames the knee joint, increasing fluid production. - **Rheumatoid arthritis**: Inflammatory arthritis can cause excessive fluid to accumulate in the affected joint. - **Meniscus tear**: This injury is a tear in the cartilage of your knee and can trigger inflammation, leading to cyst development. - **Knee injuries**: Trauma or repetitive stress can inflame the knee joint, prompting fluid buildup. - **Gout or other joint issues**: Conditions that cause swelling in the knee may result in forming a **Baker's cyst**. ## Is There a Way to Prevent a Baker's Cyst? While there's no guaranteed way to prevent a **Baker's cyst**, addressing the underlying causes can reduce the risk of development. - Proper management of arthritis - Regular low-impact exercises - Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce the stress imposed on your knees - Protecting your knees from injury with proper gear and technique during physical activities can also help minimize the chances of developing a cyst. ## How to Care for a Baker's Cyst Once You Have One Once you've been diagnosed with a **Baker's cyst**, there are several steps you can take to manage the condition and reduce discomfort: ## At-Home Treatments **Rest**: Limiting activities that aggravate the knee joint can help reduce swelling. **Ice**: Applying ice to the back of the knee for 15-20 minutes can help relieve pain and reduce swelling. **Compression**: Using a compression bandage can help manage swelling by limiting fluid buildup in the area. **Elevation**: Keeping your leg elevated when resting can assist in reducing fluid accumulation and discomfort. **Over-the-counter pain relief**: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can help manage pain and inflammation. ## What Not to Do When You Have a Baker's Cyst **What not to do when you have a Baker's cyst** is just as important as understanding what you should do. ## Avoid if You Have a Baker's Cyst **Excessive activity**: Overusing the knee through high-impact exercises can worsen the condition. **Ignoring symptoms**: Don't wait for the pain or swelling to go away on its own—delaying care can worsen the condition. **Assuming it's just a muscle strain**: Misdiagnosing a **Baker's cyst** as a simple muscle strain can lead to improper treatment and an increased risk of rupture. # When to Seek Help from POA's Orthopaedic Surgeons If your **Baker's cyst** persists despite home treatment, causes significant discomfort, or interferes with your daily activities, it's time to consult an orthopaedic surgeon. Seeking professional care can provide reassurance and confidence in your decision-making. At POA, our team of expert orthopaedic surgeons specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions like **Baker's cysts** and any potential underlying causes like arthritis or meniscus tears. ## What Type of Orthopaedic Specialist Should You See? If you are looking for a doctor to help with a **Baker's cyst**, you'll want to see an orthopaedic surgeon specializing in knee conditions. At POA, our knee specialists are highly experienced in managing the symptoms and root causes of **Baker's cysts**, ensuring you receive personalized, comprehensive care. # Meet Our Orthopaedic Knee Specialists # What Does Treatment Look Like from a Medical Standpoint? Treatment for a **Baker's cyst** often begins conservatively. In many cases, if the underlying condition causing the cyst is treated, the cyst itself will improve. Here's what medical treatment might involve: 1. **Aspiration**: For aspiration of the cyst, your orthopaedic surgeon uses a needle to drain the excess fluid from the cyst, which can provide temporary relief from swelling and discomfort. 2. **Corticosteroid Injections**: These anti-inflammatory injections can help reduce swelling and manage pain associated with the cyst. 3. **Physical Therapy**: Targeted exercises can help improve joint function, reduce fluid buildup, and manage pain. 4. **Surgery**: In cases where the cyst is large, recurrent, or caused by an underlying structural issue, surgery may be necessary to remove the cyst or repair the damaged joint tissue. Whether you need imaging, joint aspiration, or surgical intervention, our surgeons have the expertise to guide you through the best treatment options. ## When to Seek Urgent Care While **Baker's cysts** are rarely life-threatening, there are certain instances where we recommend seeking urgent care. If your cyst ruptures, you may experience severe pain, swelling, and bruising in your lower leg; this can be mistaken for a blood clot. If you experience this, immediately seeking medical attention is crucial to rule out the possibility of a more serious condition such as a deep vein thrombosis (DVT). --- ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- # If You're Living With a Baker's Cyst Living with a **Baker's cyst** can be frustrating, but with the proper care and treatment, it can be entirely manageable. Understanding the condition, starting to address the root causes, and seeking the expertise of an orthopaedic surgeon can make a world of difference. If you're experiencing **Baker's cyst symptoms**, don't let the pain or swelling limit your daily life. The knee specialists at POA are here to provide comprehensive, personalized care and guide you through every step of your treatment plan. Schedule an appointment today with one of POA's expert orthopaedic surgeons and take the first step toward relief! --- #### Does a Baker's Cyst Have Anything to do With Being a Baker? A **Baker’s cyst** is not named after bakers or anything related to baking! Instead, it’s named after the British surgeon William Morrant Baker, who first described the condition in the late 1800s. The cyst itself is a fluid-filled sac that forms behind the knee, often due to issues like arthritis or a meniscus tear. While it might sound like something that might happen to a baker, the name is purely a nod to the doctor’s contributions to understanding this knee issue. So, if you ever hear someone mention a **Baker’s cyst**, remember it's all about medical history and not about pastry! --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Knee, Orthopaedic Conditions **Tags:** Baker's Cyst, Conditions, Knee, Knee Doctor --- ### [Starting Sept 16th: Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Ewing Location Has Moved](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/starting-sept-15th-princeton-orthopaedic-associates-ewing-location-has-moved/) **Published:** September 15, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![screenshot 2024 09 15 at 2.10.05 pm](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Screenshot-2024-09-15-at-2.10.05-PM.png "screenshot 2024 09 15 at 2.10.05 pm - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Our Ewing location has moved to Exit 72 and is located at 200 Charles Ewing Blvd, suite #170. [***You can find hte new address here (Click Here)***](https://www.google.com/maps/@40.2884511,-74.7899275,3a,75y,32.84h,82.68t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sIVNxbnGOB4t5qZeHsVYIOQ!2e0!7i16384!8i8192?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI0MDkxMS4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D) ***Our first day serving the new Ewing orthopaedic office will be on Sept 16th, 2024!*** ## Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Ewing office is located at: **[ Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Orthopedics and Physical Therapy 200 Charles Ewing Blvd, Suite #170 Ewing Township, New Jersey **08628**](https://www.google.com/maps/@40.2884511,-74.7899275,3a,75y,32.84h,82.68t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sIVNxbnGOB4t5qZeHsVYIOQ!2e0!7i16384!8i8192?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI0MDkxMS4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D)** Serving communities like Ewing Township with extraordinary orthopaedic care is one of our core values. We live in the community, so serving our [community](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/testimonials/) is part of our DNA. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is committed to providing excellence to every patient we see. We do this with extraordinary [talent](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/), tools, and [techniques](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/). Our patients deserve the very best, and we constantly strive to exceed expectations and give excellent outcomes. **Categories:** News --- ### [What is Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-bipolar-hemiarthroplasty/) **Published:** August 9, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ### Understanding Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty: What You Need to Know If you’ve recently been diagnosed with a hip fracture or are considering treatment options, it’s important to understand the various surgical procedures available. One such option is bipolar hemiarthroplasty, a specialized type of hip surgery designed to address specific issues with the hip joint. # Hip Fractures ## What is a Hip Fracture? ![Dr. Beswada, hip doctor, discusses bipolar hemiarthroplasty with patient while demonstrating on a hip model](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")A hip fracture typically occurs in the femoral neck, the narrow section of the thigh bone that is just below the ball of the hip joint. This area is crucial as it connects the ball of your hip joint to the main shaft of the femur. When a fracture happens here, it can disrupt the blood supply flowing to the hip joint, leading to significant pain and potential long-term damage. Conservative treatments like medication and physical therapy might not always be sufficient, making surgery a necessary option. ## **Causes of Hip Fractures:** - **Falls**: Common in older adults, especially on hard surfaces. - **Osteoporosis**: Weakens bones, making them more susceptible to fractures. - **Trauma**: Accidents or injuries, such as car crashes. - **Repetitive Stress**: Certain high-impact sports or activities. ## **Symptoms of Hip Fractures:** - **Severe Hip Pain**: Especially in the groin or outer thigh. - **Inability to Move**: Difficulty moving the leg or bearing weight. - **Swelling and Bruising**: Around the hip or thigh. - **Shortened Leg**: The affected leg may appear shorter and turned outward. --- ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- # What Is Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty? [Bipolar hemiarthroplasty](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/general-orthopaedics/hip-bipolar-hemiarthroplasty/) is a surgical procedure used to treat hip fractures, particularly when the head of the femur is damaged. The term "hemiarthroplasty" refers to replacing half of the hip joint with a prosthetic. In the case of bipolar hemiarthroplasty, the procedure involves replacing the damaged femoral head with a prosthetic component with a two-part design: an inner head and an outer cup. This design allows the head to swivel within the outer cup, which helps reduce wear and tear on the new joint. This type of surgery benefits patients with arthritis in the remaining hip joint or who may have had previous fractures. The bipolar design provides greater stability and lowers the risk of complications, such as the prosthetic protruding into the acetabulum (the socket part of the hip joint). ## What to Expect During Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty During bipolar hemiarthroplasty, the damaged femoral head and neck are removed. A prosthetic ball is then implanted in its place, secured with either cement or acrylic bone cement. The goal of the surgery is to restore hip function and reduce pain. After the procedure, physical therapy is crucial to help you regain movement and strength in the joint. # Recovery and Rehabilitation ## **How long does it take to recover from a Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty?** Recovering from hip replacement surgery can be a long and challenging process, and there's no easy way through it. After any major surgery, the idea for most patients is complete relaxation and ongoing therapy until they are completely healed. For added comfort, keep a pillow between your knees any time you are lying down. If you are lying on your back, the pillow should rest under the affected leg and on top of the other leg. This will help you turn onto your side without twisting at the hips. ![bipolar hemiarthroplasty physical therapy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-45-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 45 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![bipolar hemiarthroplasty physical therapy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Recovery from bipolar hemiarthroplasty involves several stages: #### **Immediate Post-Surgery** You will start physical therapy as soon as you are able, often the day after surgery. This therapy focuses on helping you move without dislocating your new hip joint and includes exercises to strengthen the muscles around the hip. #### **Precautions** To avoid complications and ensure proper healing, you will need to follow these guidelines: - Avoid twisting movements at the hips. - Keep your shoulders, hips, knees, and feet aligned and facing forward. - Do not cross your affected leg over the midline of your body. - Use a pillow between your knees while lying down to prevent crossing your legs. - After a bipolar hemiarthroplasty, you will want to be very careful as you get in or out of bed or a car. Imagine a line that goes down the middle of your body, and make sure your leg does not cross it until you are fully healed. #### **Ongoing Care** You will want to make sure you continue with physical therapy and adhere to any additional precautions advised by your surgeon. Recovery can be gradual, but many patients achieve effective and lasting results from this surgery. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) Bipolar hemiarthroplasty can be an effective solution for managing severe hip fractures, offering pain relief and improved joint function. If you’re considering this procedure or need more information, reach out to schedule with one of our specialists to discuss whether it’s the right option for your situation. Proper education about the surgery and recovery process can help you prepare for a smoother transition back to your daily activities. > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Hip **Tags:** Bipolar Hip Replacement, Hip Surgery, Procedures --- ### [Why is My Thumb Twitching?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/why-is-my-thumb-twitching/) **Published:** August 5, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** After a long day of typing away at your desk, you finally sit down to relax. As you unwind, you start noticing a twitching in your thumb that you can't control. The tiny, repetitive jerks are persistent and a bit unsettling, making you wonder if something from your busy day is catching up with you and causing this issue. # What Is Thumb Twitching? Thumb twitching, also known as thumb fasciculation, is an involuntary movement of the thumb that can be subtle or pronounced. This twitching is usually harmless but can be bothersome and cause concern. The thumb may twitch or jerk sporadically, often without any accompanying pain or discomfort. # Symptoms Associated with Thumb Twitching The primary symptom of thumb twitching is the involuntary movement of the thumb. Other associated symptoms might include: ![Dr. Ark, orthopaedic hand doctor, examining a patient's hand with thumb twitching symptoms](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-53-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- **Muscle Twitching**: Involuntary muscle contractions in the thumb. - **Tremors**: Slight shaking or trembling of the thumb. - **Discomfort**: If you have mild discomfort or a feeling of tightness in your the thumb. # Why is My Thumb Twitching? Your thumb twitching can arise from multiple factors, at various times, and under different conditions. ## Here's when you might experience thumb twitching: ### **During Periods of Stress or Anxiety**: If you have high levels of stress or anxiety regulary, this can lead to muscle twitches. Muscle twitching, including in the thumb, can be a physical manifestation of this stress or anxiety. The thumb is a common area where this might occur due to its frequent use. ### **Mental Health**: Chronic stress, anxiety, or mental health issues can contribute to muscle twitching. Addressing these factors through counseling or therapy may help alleviate symptoms. ### **After Repetitive Use**: Engaging in activities that involve repetitive thumb movements, such as typing, texting, or playing musical instruments, can lead to muscle fatigue and thumb twitching. ### **Lack of Sleep**: Poor sleep can contribute to muscle spasms and twitching. ### **When Tired or Fatigued**: Overuse of the thumb, especially in activities requiring repetitive motion (like typing or texting), can lead to muscle fatigue and twitching. Overuse or lack of rest can cause muscle spasms or twitching. If you've been using your thumb extensively without breaks, you might experience twitching. ### **During Relaxation or Rest**: Sometimes, you might notice your thumb twitching while at rest or falling asleep; this can occur as the muscles transition from an active to a relaxed state. ### **After Consuming Stimulants**: If you are consuming excessive caffeine or other stimulantsit can lead to muscle spasms and twitching. You might feel it after drinking coffee, energy drinks, or taking stimulant medications. ### **During or After Exercise**: Muscle twitching can occur after intense physical activity or exercise, especially if your thumb muscles are involved in your activities. ### **Dehydrated or Nutritionally Deficient**: Low levels of essential nutrients or dehydration can contribute to muscle twitching. You might feel it if you haven't been drinking enough water or have a poor diet. It can also cause muscle twitches if you are lacking essential nutrients, such as magnesium or potassium. ### **Medication Side Effects**: Certain medications can cause muscle twitching as a side effect. If you've started a new medication and notice twitching, it might be related. ### **Cold Weather**: Exposure to cold temperatures can cause muscles to contract and twitch. If you're in a cold environment, you might feel your thumb twitching more. ### **Neurological Issues**: In some cases, thumb twitching can be linked to neurological conditions. It may warrant further investigation if you notice persistent or unusual twitching, especially if other symptoms accompany it. Although less common, thumb twitching can be a symptom of neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis. Recognizing when and under what conditions thumb twitching occurs can help identify potential triggers and contribute to effective management and treatment strategies. ![Dr. Grenis, orthpaedic hand doctor, examines a patient's hand for symptoms of thumb twitching.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") # How to Treat Thumb Twitching In many cases, [thumb twitching](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/thumb-twitching/) resolves on its own without the need for medical intervention. However, there are several strategies to alleviate and manage the condition: **Reduce Stress:** Practicing relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or yoga can help you to manage stress levels. **Adjust Your Diet**: Ensure you get adequate vitamins and minerals. A balanced diet helps prevent deficiencies that cause muscle twitches. **Limit Caffeine and Stimulants**: Reduce caffeine intake and other stimulants to see if it alleviates the twitching. **Take Breaks**: If you use your thumb extensively, you should take regular breaks to rest and stretch the muscles. **Stay Hydrated**: It is important to drink plenty of water; this will help to keep your muscles hydrated and functioning properly. **Consult a Specialist**: If the twitching is persistent or is accompanied by other symptoms, it may be beneficial for you to consult with an orthopedic specialist so they can help you address your thumb twitching issues. ## Meet our Hand & Wrist Experts Learn more about our hand and wrist experts on our [Hand and Wrist Speciality Page](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/) or watch the videos below! ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") # When to See an Orthopedic Specialist **If thumb twitching is persistent, worsening, or associated with other symptoms like pain, weakness, or difficulty moving the thumb**, it's advisable to seek medical attention. An orthopedic specialist at POA can help diagnose underlying conditions that may be contributing to the twitching and provide appropriate treatment. ### When to Seek Immediate Help - **Severe Symptoms**: If you experience severe pain, loss of function, or other neurological symptoms (like significant weakness, numbness, or changes in sensation), seek immediate medical attention. Severe symptoms like this could indicate a more serious underlying condition. - **Progressive Changes**: If the twitching worsens or you notice other concerning symptoms, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional promptly. # Related Hand and Finger Issues Thumb twitching can sometimes be related to other hand or finger issues, including: ![Dr. Griffis, orthpaedic hand specialist, examines a patient's thumb for thumb twitching symptoms.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-34-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- **[Carpal Tunnel Syndrome](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/carpal-tunnel-syndrome-101/)**: If you have compression of the median nerve in your wrist, it can lead to symptoms such as tingling, numbness, and muscle twitching in the hand. - **[Tendonitis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/bursitis-tendonitis/)**: Inflammation of the tendons in the thumb can cause discomfort and twitching. - **[Trigger Finger](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/diagnosing-and-treating-trigger-finger/)**: This is a condition in which the fingers or thumb get stuck in a bent position and may twitch or snap when moving. # Other Helpful Tips for Your Thumb Twitching ## Monitoring and Documentation ### **Keep a Journal** Documenting when the twitching occurs, its duration and any associated activities or triggers can help identify patterns and potential causes. Sharing this information at an appointment with an orthopaedic hand specialist can be helpful in diagnosing and treating the condition. ## Lifestyle Adjustments ### **Ergonomic Adjustments**: If your thumb twitching is related to repetitive tasks, adjusting your workspace to be more ergonomic might help. For example, using an ergonomic keyboard or adjusting your hand position can reduce strain on your thumb. ### **Physical Therapy**: In some cases, a physical therapist can provide you with exercises and techniques that will strengthen your muscles and improve flexibility, which can help alleviate your thumb twitching. ## Alternative Therapies ### **Acupuncture**: Some people find relief from muscle twitching through alternative therapies like acupuncture, which may help balance energy and reduce stress. ### **Massage Therapy**: Gently massaging the affected area can help relax the muscles and reduce twitching. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from thumb twitching? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have thumb twitching, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) ### POA's Hand Specialists are Here for You Thumb twitching is usually benign and temporary. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and triggers can help you effectively manage and alleviate the problem. If you have concerns or the twitching is persistent, seeking advice from an orthopedic specialist at POA can provide clarity and ensure appropriate care. Remember, caring for your hands and fingers is essential for overall well-being and quality of life. > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Conditions, Hand, Hand Doctor, Thumb Twitching --- ### [What is a Bone Lesion? What You Need to Know](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-a-bone-lesion-what-you-need-to-know/) **Published:** July 10, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-10-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **A [bone lesion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/bone-lesion/) is a growth anomaly in bone tissue that replaces healthy bone with abnormal tissue.** These anomalies can range from benign (non-cancerous) to malignant (cancerous) and may vary significantly in how they affect the body. Read more to help you understand bone lesions, their different types, symptoms, and treatment options. ## What is a Bone Lesion? A [bone lesion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/bone-lesion/) is any condition that causes abnormal growth in bone tissue, replacing healthy bone. These growths can be benign, meaning they do not spread to other parts of the body, or malignant, meaning they can spread and cause further health issues. ## Symptoms of a Bone Lesion A bone lesion might not always cause symptoms, but when they do, you might experience: - **Pain**: Persistent pain in the affected bone, often worsening at night. - **Swelling**: Visible swelling or a lump over the bone. - **Fractures**: Bones weakened by a lesion may fracture easily. - **Reduced Mobility**: Difficulty moving the affected limb or joint. ![Photo of a man from the back with his hands on his lower back suffering from back pain.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/man-with-back-pain-from-piroformis-muscle-1024x683.jpg "Man suffering from back pain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Types of Bone Lesions ### A Benign Bone Lesion **Osteochondroma** Osteochondroma is a common benign bone growth that typically occurs near the growth plates in children and adolescents. It often presents as a painless, palpable lump but can cause discomfort if it compresses nearby tissues or nerves. Although usually harmless, surgical removal might be necessary if it leads to pain or functional issues. **Enchondroma** Enchondroma is a benign cartilage cyst inside the bone, most commonly in the hands and feet. These lesions are usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on X-rays. However, they can cause pain or fractures if they grow large or weaken the bone structure, necessitating surgical intervention in some cases. **Giant Cell Tumor** Giant cell tumors are generally benign but can be locally aggressive, causing bone destruction and pain. They often occur near the ends of long bones, such as the femur or tibia. Treatment typically involves surgical removal and, in some cases, additional therapies to prevent recurrence. ### A Malignant Bone Lesion **Osteosarcoma** A type of primary bone cancer, Osteosarcoma, originates in the bone cells and is most common in teenagers and young adults. It often affects the long bones, such as the femur, tibia, and humerus. Early symptoms include localized pain and swelling, and surgery and chemotherapy are common treatments. **Chondrosarcoma** Chondrosarcoma is a cancer that forms in the cartilage cells and is more prevalent in adults, particularly those over 40. This type of tumor can occur in any cartilage tissue, but it frequently affects the pelvis, femur, and shoulder. Treatment typically involves surgical removal, as chondrosarcomas are resistant to chemotherapy and radiation. **Ewing Sarcoma** Ewing Sarcoma is a malignant tumor that primarily affects children and young adults. It usually develops in the long bones or pelvis and is characterized by rapid growth and early metastasis. A multidisciplinary approach is used to treat Ewing Sarcomas, including surgery, chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation therapy, to address both the primary tumor and metastatic tumors. ## Where Does a Bone Lesion Develop? Bone lesions can develop in various parts of the body. Here's a more detailed look at some common locations and the potential underlying causes: **Long Bones:** - **Femur (Thigh Bone):** Lesions here might indicate conditions like osteosarcoma (a type of bone cancer), fibrous dysplasia, or benign bone cysts. - **Tibia (Shin Bone):** Similar to the femur, the tibia can be affected by osteosarcoma, non-ossifying fibromas, or osteoid osteomas. - **Humerus (Upper Arm Bone):** The humerus is a common site for both benign lesions like simple bone cysts and malignant ones like Ewing sarcoma. **Pelvis:** - **Pelvic Bones:** Lesions in the pelvis are often associated with metastatic cancer, where cancer from another part of the body, such as the prostate, breast, or lung, spreads to the bone. Other conditions include chondrosarcoma and Paget's disease of bone. **Spine:** - **Vertebrae:** The spine is a common site for metastatic disease, particularly from cancers of the breast, prostate, and lung. Primary bone tumors like osteoblastoma or vertebral hemangioma can also occur here. **Skull:** - **Skull Bones:** Lesions in the skull might indicate conditions such as multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), metastatic disease, or benign tumors like osteomas. **Ribs:** - **Rib Bones:** The ribs can be affected by metastatic cancers, multiple myeloma, and benign conditions like fibrous dysplasia or eosinophilic granuloma. **Small Bones:** - **Hands and Feet:** Lesions in the smaller bones of the hands and feet are less common but can occur. Conditions like enchondromas (benign cartilage tumors), giant cell tumors, and infections (osteomyelitis) can cause lesions in these areas. Bone lesions can vary in their nature and severity, ranging from benign (non-cancerous) conditions that may not require treatment to malignant (cancerous) lesions that need aggressive intervention. Diagnostic imaging, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI, along with biopsy, are essential tools for determining the nature of a bone lesion and guiding appropriate treatment. ## When to See a Doctor If you experience persistent bone pain, noticeable swelling, or fractures without significant trauma, it's essential to see a doctor. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for benign and malignant bone lesions to prevent further complications. ### Diagnosing a Bone Lesion ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-28-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- **Imaging Tests**: X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans are commonly used to visualize bone lesions. - **Biopsy**: If imaging suggests a potentially malignant lesion, a biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and determine the appropriate treatment. ## Bone Lesion Treatment ### A Benign Bone Lesion Most benign bone lesions do not require treatment and are monitored for changes over time. However, if a benign lesion becomes locally aggressive, surgical removal may be necessary to prevent further damage. ### A Malignant Bone Lesion Malignant bone lesions always require treatment. Treatment options include: - **Surgery**: Removal of the tumor and surrounding tissue. - **Chemotherapy**: Use of drugs to kill cancer cells. - **Radiation Therapy**: Use of high-energy radiation to destroy cancer cells. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) Understanding bone lesions is crucial for early detection and effective treatment. Whether benign or malignant, a bone lesion can significantly impact your health and quality of life. If you suspect you have a bone lesion, seek medical advice promptly for diagnosis and appropriate management. For more information or to schedule a consultation with one of our specialists, please contact us today. We are dedicated to providing the highest quality care for all your orthopedic needs. **Categories:** Back, Spine, Tibia, Ankle, & Foot **Tags:** Conditions, Leg, Spine --- ### [Is it a Stress Fracture?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/is-it-a-stress-fracture/) **Published:** July 10, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![Dr. Hasan - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates points to an xray on an ipad showing a patient a stress fracture in their foot](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-3-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Experiencing a stress fracture often means dealing with persistent pain that worsens with activity** and eases with rest. You might notice swelling and tenderness at the injury site, making everyday tasks increasingly uncomfortable. Simple actions like walking or standing for long periods become challenging, and you might be reluctant to put weight on the affected limb. Missteps or sudden movements can cause sharp, shooting pain, keeping you constantly aware of the injury. ## What is a Stress Fracture? **A stress fracture is a tiny crack in a bone** that is caused by repetitive force, often from overuse. Unlike a sudden break from a single injury, stress fractures develop gradually over time, making them a common issue for athletes and individuals engaged in repetitive activities. ## Where Does a Stress Fracture Occur? Stress fractures can occur in any bone subjected to repetitive stress, but they are most commonly found in: ![A bone model of the foot](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- **Metatarsals**: The long bones in the foot, especially the second and third metatarsals. - **Tibia**: The shinbone, particularly in runners. - **Femur**: The thigh bone, especially in its neck (near the hip). - **Fibula**: The smaller bone in your lower leg. - **Navicular**: A bone on the top of the midfoot. - **Pelvis**: The hip area, particularly in female athletes. - **Lumbar Spine**: Lower back, particularly in gymnasts and dancers. ## How Does a Stress Fracture Happen? **Stress fractures are primarily caused by overuse and repetitive activities**. Factors contributing to stress fractures include: ### **Sudden Increase in Activity**: A rapid uptick in the frequency, duration, or intensity of your physical activity without adequate preparation. ### **Improper Footwear**: If you are wearing shoes that do not provide your foot with proper support or if they are worn out. ### **Poor Technique**: Incorrect form during physical activities can place undue stress on bones. ### **Low Bone Density**: Conditions like osteoporosis can make bones more susceptible to fractures. ### **Insufficient Rest**: Not allowing the body enough time to recover between activities. ## What Does a Stress Fracture Feel Like? **Stress fractures typically start with a dull, localized pain** that gradually worsens with activity and improves with rest. Key symptoms include: - **Pain**: Pain during weight-bearing activities that subsides with rest. - **Swelling**: Mild to moderate swelling at the fracture site. - **Tenderness**: Point tenderness directly over the fracture site. - **Bruising**: Occasionally, mild bruising may be present. ## Why You Shouldn't Ignore a Stress Fracture Ignoring a stress fracture can lead to serious complications and prolonged healing: **Complete Fracture**: The tiny crack can develop into a complete break if the bone continues to be stressed. **Delayed Healing**: Without proper rest and treatment, the fracture may not heal properly, leading to chronic pain and potential deformities. **Secondary Issues**: Compensating for pain can lead to other injuries, such as muscle strains and joint problems. ## Daily Life With a Stress Fracture Living with a stress fracture can be challenging. Activities you once took for granted, like walking or climbing stairs, can become painful. Simple tasks can aggravate the pain, forcing you to modify your routine significantly. The pain and limitations can also affect your mental health, causing frustration and anxiety about your recovery and future activity levels. Imagine you are an avid runner, and suddenly, every step feels like a sharp pain in your shin. You might find yourself unable to participate in your daily jog, impacting your fitness routine and social interactions. Even walking your dog or going to the grocery store can become daunting tasks. The frustration of having to sit out from activities you love can take a toll on your mental well-being, adding to the physical discomfort. --- ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- ## The Importance of Timely Treatment Seeking care from a specialist early on can help with proper diagnosis and a faster recovery. Here’s what to expect: ### Diagnosis - **Physical Examination**: Your orthopaedic specialist will check for tenderness and swelling in the affected area. - **Imaging Tests**: X-rays, MRIs, or bone scans may be used to confirm the diagnosis of a stress fracture and assess the severity. ### Common Stress Fracture Treatment Options #### Rest Rest is usually the primary treatment for stress fractures. This means avoiding activities that put stress on the affected bone. For a runner, this might mean taking a break from running and engaging in low-impact activities like swimming or cycling until the bone heals. #### **Protective Footwear or Bracing** Special shoes or braces can help offload stress from the fracture site. For example, a walking boot can protect a stress fracture in the foot, allowing you to move around without putting pressure on the injured area. #### **Physical Therapy** Physical therapy with exercises and stretches designed to improve your strength and flexibility in the affected area can help you heal. Our physical therapists can create a personalized program to help you recover safely. They might include exercises that gradually increase in intensity, ensuring the bone heals properly without being overstressed. Learn more about our [physical therapists](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physical-therapy/). #### **Gradual Return to Activity** Once the pain has subsided and the bone shows signs of healing, you can gradually reintroduce activities. Start with low-impact exercises and slowly build up to your previous activity level. This helps prevent re-injury and ensures a smooth transition back to your regular routine. #### Surgery For a severe stress fracture, surgical intervention may be necessary to stabilize the fracture. This might involve inserting metal pins or screws that will hold the bone together as it heals. Surgery is typically considered when conservative treatments fail or when the stress fracture is in a high-risk area that is less likely to heal on its own. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) ## How to Prevent a Stress Fracture Preventing stress fractures involves several strategies: - **Gradual Increase in Activity**: Increase your activity level gradually to avoid overloading your bones. - **Proper Footwear**: Invest in shoes that provide adequate support and replace them regularly. - **Cross-Training**: Engaging in a variety of workouts and physical activities will help you avoid repetitive stress on the same bones and can reduce the chances of another stress fracture. - **Strength Training**: Incorporating strength training exercises can help you to improve muscle support around the bones. - **Adequate Nutrition**: Ensure you get enough calcium and vitamin D to support bone health. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 124](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-124-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 124 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 127](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-127-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 127 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Stress fractures are a common but serious injury resulting from repetitive stress on bones. They require timely diagnosis and treatment to prevent further complications. Ignoring a stress fracture can lead to complete breaks, delayed healing, and secondary issues. If you suspect you have a stress fracture, you should seek medical advice promptly to ensure a full recovery and a return to your normal activities. By understanding the symptomsof stress fractures, causes, and treatment options, you can take proactive steps to prevent stress fractures in the future. Living with a stress fracture can significantly impact your daily life, making it essential to address the injury promptly. Proper treatment and prevention strategies can help you recover fully and get back to your active lifestyle. [Contact us](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) today. **Categories:** Podiatry, Tibia, Ankle, & Foot **Tags:** Conditions, Foot --- ### [What is Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-sacroiliac-joint-dysfunction/) **Published:** June 20, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** **Living with SI joint dysfunction can turn everyday routines into a series of mindful practices.** Each morning, getting out of bed or putting on shoes involves slow, deliberate movements to prevent sharp pain in the lower back and hips. Even routine tasks like sitting at a desk or driving for long periods can require strategic planning, with frequent breaks for stretching and adjusting posture to avoid discomfort. With thoughtful adjustments and consistent care, you find ways to manage SI joint dysfunction while continuing to lead an active and fulfilling life. ![Image of hip model si joint dysfuction](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/si-joint-dysfuction-1024x650.jpg "si joint dysfuction - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What is Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction? **Sacroiliac joint dysfunction** (SI joint dysfunction) refers to pain in the sacroiliac joint, which is located where the spine connects to the pelvis. The SI joint is crucial in transferring weight and forces between the upper and lower bodies. When the sacroiliac joint becomes inflamed or moves abnormally, it can cause significant pain and discomfort, affecting daily activities. ## Symptoms of Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction SI joint dysfunction can present a variety of symptoms that may be mistaken for other conditions, such as lower back pain or sciatica. Common symptoms include: - Pain in your lower back, hips, buttocks, or groin - Pain that radiates down your legs - Stiffness or a burning sensation in the pelvis - Increased pain with activities such as walking, standing, or sitting for long periods - Difficulty with movements that involve twisting or bending These symptoms can significantly impact your daily life, making it to perform routine activities, exercise, or sleep comfortably. ![Image of human skeleton at the hip sacroiliac joint area](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/sacroiliac-joint-683x1024.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treatment Options for Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction Treatment for SI joint dysfunction often involves a combination of self-care, physical therapy, and medical interventions. Here are some standard treatment options: ### **Physical Therapy** Physical therapy focuses on strengthening the muscles around the sacroiliac joint to improve stability and reduce pain. A physical therapist can provide a personalized exercise program that may include: - Stretching exercises to improve flexibility - Core and lower back strengthening - Techniques to improve posture and body mechanics ### **Medications** Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help reduce inflammation and alleviate pain. In some cases, your doctor may prescribe stronger medications, such as muscle relaxants or corticosteroid injections, to manage more severe pain. ### **Joint Injections** Injecting corticosteroids directly into the sacroiliac joint can alleviate pain by reducing inflammation. These injections, typically administered by a specialist, can offer temporary relief that lasts several weeks to months. ### **Radiofrequency Ablation** For patients who do not respond to other treatments, radiofrequency ablation may be an option. This procedure uses heat generated by radio waves to destroy the nerve fibers that transmit pain signals from the sacroiliac joint to the brain. ### **Sacroiliac Joint Fusion** In severe cases where other treatments have failed, sacroiliac joint fusion surgery may be considered. This procedure involves fusing the bones of the sacroiliac joint together to eliminate movement and provide stability, thereby reducing pain. ## When to See an Orthopaedic Specialist You should consider seeing an orthopaedic specialist if: - Your pain persists despite trying self-care measures and over-the-counter medications - You experience significant difficulty performing daily activities due to pain - Your symptoms worsen or do not improve with initial treatments An orthopedic specialist can perform a comprehensive evaluation, including imaging tests, to accurately diagnose the cause of your pain and recommend suitable treatment options. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple **Orthopaedic Spine & Back Specialists** who treat spine & back-related injuries every day. - We have the Spine and Back Institute with a team of world-recognized back specialists, orthopaedists, and therapists **who have focused solely on back, neck, and spine health issues for over 15 years**. - We have a whole-body health approach when it comes to orthopaedic spine, neck, and back health. **The health of the entire body is connected to your back.** ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/) --- # When to Seek Urgent Care ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) Seek urgent care if: - You experience sudden, severe pain in your lower back or pelvis - You have difficulty controlling your bladder or bowels - You experience numbness or weakness in your legs These symptoms could indicate a more severe condition that requires immediate medical attention. ## Take Action Against Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction Don't let sacroiliac joint dysfunction continue to impact your daily life. Diagnosis and treatment can help you manage symptoms effectively and improve your quality of life. If you are experiencing persistent pain or difficulty with daily activities, schedule an appointment with an orthopaedic specialist today. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from lower back and hip pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have lower back and hip pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Hip, Joint Care, Spine **Tags:** Back Pain, Conditions, Hip Pain, Orthopaedic hip specialist, Sacroiliac Joint, SI Joint, Spine --- ### [Do I have an MCL Tear?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/do-i-have-an-mcl-tear/) **Published:** June 20, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## MCL Tear: Symptoms, Treatment Options, and Recovery **Living with an MCL tear presents a series of daily challenges that can disrupt your routine and overall well-being.** From the moment you wake up, simple activities like getting out of bed or walking to the kitchen require extra care and patience due to instability in your knee. Mobility is limited, making everyday tasks such as climbing stairs or carrying groceries a bit more demanding. However, as you see care, adopt new strategies, and build resilience, with patience, determination, and a strong support system, you can navigate the journey of recovery and emerge stronger. ![Dr. Rossy evaluates a patient's knee for a MCL tear](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-22-1024x683.jpg "MCL Tear Evaluation - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What is an MCL Tear? A medial collateral ligament (MCL) tear is an injury to one of the major ligaments in the knee. The MCL on the knee's inner side helps stabilize the joint and prevents the knee from bending inward. MCL tears commonly occur in sports that involve sudden changes in direction, twisting, or direct blows to the knee, such as football, soccer, and skiing ## Symptoms of an MCL Tear The symptoms of an MCL tear can vary depending on the severity of the injury but typically include: - Pain on the inner side of the knee - Swelling around the knee joint - Instability or a feeling that the knee may "give out." - Difficulty walking or bearing weight on the affected leg - Stiffness and reduced range of motion in the knee These symptoms can range from mild discomfort to severe pain, significantly affecting your ability to perform everyday activities and participate in sports. ## Treatment Options for an MCL Tear Treatment for an MCL tear depends on the severity of the injury. Here are the main treatment options: **1. Rest and Ice** Rest and ice can help reduce pain and swelling for mild MCL tears. Avoid activities that put stress on the knee, and apply ice to the affected area for 20 minutes several times daily. **2. Compression and Elevation** A compression bandage can help control swelling while elevating the leg above heart level, reducing inflammation and promoting healing. **3. Physical Therapy** Physical therapy is crucial for recovering from an MCL tear. A physical therapist can design a rehabilitation program that includes: - Range-of-motion exercises to prevent stiffness - Strengthening exercises for the muscles around the knee - Balance and stability exercises to improve knee function - Gradual return-to-sport activities **4. Medications** Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help manage pain and reduce inflammation. In some cases, your doctor may prescribe stronger medications for short-term pain relief. **5. Bracing** Wearing a knee brace can provide additional support and stability, especially during the initial stages of recovery. By limiting excessive knee movement, the brace helps prevent further injury. **6. Surgery** Surgery is usually reserved for severe MCL tears or when other structures in the knee, such as the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), are also damaged. Surgical options include: - Repairing the torn ligament with sutures - Reconstructing the ligament using a graft from another part of the body ## When to See an Orthopaedic Specialist You should see an orthopaedic specialist if: ![Dr. Prodromo evaluating a patient's knee for a MCL tear.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-17-1024x683.jpg "Patient with a torn MCL - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- Your knee pain and swelling do not improve with rest and self-care - You experience significant instability or difficulty bearing weight on the affected leg - You have concerns about returning to sports or physical activities An orthopaedic specialist can assess the severity of your injury, perform imaging tests, and develop a tailored treatment plan to ensure optimal recovery. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple **Orthopaedic Spine & Back Specialists** who treat spine & back-related injuries every day. - We have the Spine and Back Institute with a team of world-recognized back specialists, orthopaedists, and therapists **who have focused solely on back, neck, and spine health issues for over 15 years**. - We have a whole-body health approach when it comes to orthopaedic spine, neck, and back health. **The health of the entire body is connected to your back.** ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/) --- ## When to Seek Urgent Care Seek urgent care if: - You experience severe pain and swelling in your knee immediately after an injury - You are unable to move your knee or bear weight on your leg - You notice significant deformity or instability in your knee These symptoms may indicate a more severe injury that requires prompt medical attention. ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) ## Seek Orthpaedic Care for Your MCL Tear MCL tears can significantly impact your mobility and quality of life. Early intervention and proper treatment are essential for a successful recovery. If you suspect you have an MCL tear or are experiencing persistent knee pain, schedule an appointment with an orthopaedic specialist to receive a comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment plan. By taking action, you can prevent further damage, reduce pain, and return to your normal activities more quickly. Don't let an MCL tear keep you on the sidelines – seek professional help and start your path to recovery today. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Knee **Tags:** Conditions, Knee, Knee Conditions, MCL Tear, Torn MCL --- ### [Hoffa's Syndrome: A Closer Look at Hoffa Fat Pad Impingement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/hoffas-syndrome-a-closer-look-at-hoffa-fat-pad-impingement/) **Published:** June 13, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** # Are You Experiencing Knee Pain? The Hoffa fat pad, also known as the infrapatellar fat pad, is a specialized cushioning structure located behind your kneecap within the knee joint. It's made up of fatty tissue surrounded by connective tissue, and its main job is to absorb shock and help distribute pressure when you move your knee. When this fat pad gets inflamed, often from injury, overuse, or issues with how your knee moves, it can lead to a condition called Hoffa's Syndrome. This causes pain, swelling, and discomfort in the front of your knee, especially when you're squatting, going up stairs, or standing on tiptoes. Managing this condition is important for keeping your knee functioning well and reducing discomfort in everyday activities. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple **[Orthopaedic Knee Specialists](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/)** who treat knee-related injuries every day. - We have a whole-body health approach when it comes to orthopaedic health. We believe in the power of specialization. That means that our patients receive care from doctors, therapists and orthopaedic knee specialists who treat orthopaedic knee issues on a daily basis. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/) --- # What is the Hoffa Fat Pad? The Hoffa fat pad, scientifically known as the infrapatellar fat pad, is a specialized structure located beneath the patella (kneecap) within the knee joint. Composed of body fat tissue surrounded by a protective layer of connective tissue, its primary function is to cushion and protect the knee joint during movement. The Hoffa fat pad plays a crucial role in absorbing shock and distributing pressure across the knee, thereby helping to maintain joint stability and function. Understanding the anatomy and function of the Hoffa fat pad is essential for diagnosing and effectively managing conditions that affect knee health. # What is Hoffa's Syndrome? When the Hoffa fat pad becomes inflamed, often due to injury, overuse, or biomechanical issues, it can result in Hoffa's Syndrome. This condition, also known as knee fat pad impingement, causes pain, swelling, and discomfort in the front of the knee. The Hoffa fat pad serves as a cushioning structure situated behind the kneecap and between the femur and tibia. This inflammation can lead to significant knee pain and discomfort, especially during activities that exert pressure on the knee joint. ## Hoffa's Syndrome Symptoms ![Dr. Rossy explaining hoffa fat pad to a patient while he points to the xray on the laptop screen.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-27-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")The symptoms of Hoffa's Syndrome can vary, but they typically include: - **Knee Pain**: Sharp or aching pain around the front of the knee, often worsened by activities like squatting, climbing stairs, or standing on tiptoes. - **Swelling**: Visible swelling around the kneecap due to inflammation of the Hoffa fat pad. - **Tenderness**: Pain and tenderness when pressing on the area below the kneecap. - **Reduced Range of Motion**: Difficulty fully extending or bending the knee. - **Clicking or Locking**: A sensation of the knee catching or locking during movement. ## What Causes Hoffa's Syndrome? Several factors can contribute to the development of Hoffa's Syndrome, including: - **Trauma**: Direct injury to the knee, such as a fall or blow, can lead to inflammation of the Hoffa fat pad. - **Overuse**: Repetitive activities that strain the knee, such as running or jumping, can cause chronic irritation. - **Biomechanical Issues**: Abnormal knee mechanics, such as patellofemoral syndrome, can increase pressure on the Hoffa fat pad. - **Surgical Procedures**: Previous knee surgeries may disrupt the normal function of the Hoffa fat pad. - **Bone Spurs or Tight Ligaments**: These can press against the Hoffa fat pad, leading to inflammation and pain. ![Dr. Prodromo - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates demonstrates a knee model while discussing knee fat pad impingement with a male patient](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Prodromo - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") # Ways to Find Relief from Hoffa's Syndrome Pain Managing Hoffa's Syndrome involves a combination of lifestyle modifications, exercises, and sometimes medical interventions. Here are some effective ways to find relief: ## Exercise and Physical Therapy ### **Squats**: Controlled squats, such as bench squats or front squats, help strengthen the quadriceps, glutes, and hamstrings while reducing knee pressure on the Hoffa fat pad. ### **High-Rep Squats**: Performing squats with lighter weights and higher repetitions can build muscle endurance and improve knee stability, alleviating pressure on the Hoffa fat pad. ### **Knee Band Exercises**: Using knee bands for exercises like knee lifts, squats, and lunges can strengthen the muscles around the knee, reducing the impingement of the Hoffa fat pad. ## Other Strategies ### **Ice Therapy**: Applying ice packs to the knee can reduce inflammation of the Hoffa fat pad and alleviate pain. ### **Anti-Inflammatory Medications**: Over-the-counter medications like ibuprofen can help manage pain and swelling in the Hoffa fat pad. ### **Stretching**: Regular stretching routines can maintain flexibility and reduce muscle tightness around the knee, minimizing stress on the Hoffa fat pad. # Meet Our Orthopaedic Knee Specialists # When to Seek Treatment from an Orthopaedic Surgeon If home remedies and exercises do not provide adequate relief, or if symptoms worsen, it is important to consult an orthopaedic surgeon. They can provide: - **Accurate Diagnosis**: Comprehensive assessment to confirm Hoffa's Syndrome and rule out other conditions. - **Customized Treatment Plan**: Personalized strategies, including physical therapy, bracing, or orthotics to address specific biomechanical issues affecting the Hoffa fat pad. - **Advanced Interventions**: In some cases, minimally invasive procedures like steroid injections or arthroscopy to remove inflamed tissue from the Hoffa fat pad may be necessary. ### When to Seek Urgent Care Immediate medical attention is required if you experience: - **Severe Pain**: Intense, unmanageable pain in the Hoffa fat pad that does not improve with rest or medication. - **Significant Swelling**: Rapid swelling that limits knee movement or causes deformity, indicating severe inflammation of the Hoffa fat pad. - **Inability to Bear Weight**: Inability to stand or walk due to knee pain related to the Hoffa fat pad. - **Signs of Infection**: Redness, warmth, or fever, which could indicate an infection in the Hoffa fat pad or knee joint. ## Need Care Now? POA Has Six Urgent Care Facilities #### Monroe 11 Centre Drive Monroe Twp., NJ 08831 #### Plainsboro 5 Plainsboro Road, Suite 100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536 #### Robbinsville 1 Union Street Suite 305 Robbinsville, NJ 08691 #### Princeton 325 Princeton Avenue Princeton, NJ 08540 #### Hillsborough 315 US Highway 206 Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844 #### Ewing 200 Charles Ewing Blvd. Suite 170 Ewing, NJ 08628 ### [Urgent Care Hours](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) Living with Hoffa's Syndrome can be challenging. Understanding your condition and knowing how to treat it can significantly improve your day-to-day. Focus on exercises that strengthen your knee muscles, maintain flexibility, and seek professional advice to navigate this condition effectively. If symptoms persist or worsen, you should consult an orthopaedic specialist to ensure you receive the best possible care and avoid long-term complications. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Knee **Tags:** Conditions, Hoffa Fat Pad, Hoffa Syndrome, Knee Fat Pad Impingement, Orthopaedic Knee --- ### [Unlocking Back Pain Relief - Causes and Solutions for Upper and Lower Back Discomfort](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/unlocking-back-pain-relief-causes-and-solutions-for-upper-and-lower-back-discomfort/) **Published:** December 12, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** # Decoding Back Pain and Its Impact on Daily Life > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* If you regularly wonder, "Why does my back hurt," you're not alone; it is a prevalent ailment, especially for those 45 and over. Back pain can significantly disrupt daily life, whether in the upper or lower regions. From persistent aches to sharp discomfort, understanding the causes is pivotal. In this comprehensive guide, **we explore the common factors at the root of upper and lower back pain,** offering practical at-home solutions and emphasizing the importance of targeted stretches. ![Dr. Saleh from Princeton Orthopaedic Associates stands right of center facing a patient, who is back to the camera, with his hand on the patients back, examining his spine.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-5-4-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Saleh - Spine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple **Orthopaedic Spine & Back Specialists** who treat spine & back-related injuries every day. - We have the Spine and Back Institute with a team of world-recognized back specialists, orthopaedists, and therapists **who have focused solely on back, neck, and spine health issues for over 15 years**. - We have a whole-body health approach when it comes to orthopaedic spine, neck, and back health. **The health of the entire body is connected to your back.** ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/) --- ## Spinal Care at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates ## Common Causes of Back Pain Understanding why your back hurts is crucial for finding relief. These are some common causes of back pain: ## Muscle Strain Muscle strain is a common cause of back pain, often resulting from overexertion, sudden movements, or improper lifting techniques. When muscles are forced to work beyond their capacity or subjected to awkward positioning during lifting, it can lead to microtears in the muscle fibers, causing pain and discomfort. This impacts back pain because strained muscles may become inflamed and tender, leading to localized upper or lower back pain. Common symptoms include stiffness, muscle spasms, and difficulty moving the affected area. Proper lifting techniques, adequate warm-up, and muscle-strengthening exercises can help prevent muscle strain. ## Poor Posture Poor posture, such as slouching or sitting in a hunched position for extended periods, can contribute significantly to upper and lower back pain. Incorrect alignment puts excessive pressure on the spine, leading to strain on the supporting muscles and ligaments. Over time, poor posture can cause structural changes in the spine and contribute to chronic back pain. It often results in imbalances that affect the spine's natural curvature, causing discomfort and stiffness. Ergonomic adjustments and regular breaks to stretch and correct posture are crucial in mitigating this cause of back pain. ## Herniated Discs A herniated disc occurs when the soft inner material of a spinal disc protrudes through the tough outer layer. This can happen due to sudden injury, wear and tear, or aging. The protrusion may irritate nearby nerves, leading to pain, numbness, or weakness in the back and limbs. Herniated discs can cause localized pain in the affected area of the back and may result in radiating pain, tingling, or numbness along the nerve pathway. Activities that involve bending, lifting, or sitting for prolonged periods can exacerbate symptoms. Treatment may include rest, physical therapy, and, in some cases, surgical intervention. ## Arthritis Various forms of arthritis, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis, can affect the spine. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition causing inflammation. Osteoarthritis, in particular, involves the gradual degeneration of cartilage in the joints. Arthritis can lead to stiffness, pain, and reduced flexibility in the affected joints, impacting the spine's range of motion. Chronic inflammation may contribute to the development of bone spurs and joint deformities, intensifying back pain. Arthritis management often involves a combination of medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications. ## Structural Issues Structural issues in the spine, such as scoliosis (abnormal curvature), kyphosis (excessive rounding of the upper back), or lordosis (exaggerated inward curve of the lower back), can result from congenital factors, developmental issues, or degenerative changes. Irregularities in the spine's structure can lead to persistent back pain and discomfort. Depending on the nature and severity of the structural issue, individuals may experience varying degrees of pain, muscle imbalances, and difficulties with posture. Treatment may involve physical therapy, bracing, or, in severe cases, surgical intervention to correct the spinal alignment into common culprits for both upper and lower back pain. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from upper or lower back pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have upper or lower back pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## Things That Exacerbate **Back Pain** Identifying habits and activities that worsen back pain is crucial for overall relief. Explore these contributors for both upper and lower regions: ![woman with side back pain sitting on bed at home](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/woman-with-side-back-pain-sitting-on-bed-at-home-2023-11-27-05-10-04-utc-1024x576.jpg "woman with side back pain sitting on bed at home - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### **Poor Sleeping Positions:** Finding the best sleeping position is crucial for alleviating upper and lower back pain and promoting spinal alignment. The best sleeping positions for back pain are: - Sleeping on your back with a pillow supporting your neck and another beneath your knees can help maintain the natural curve of your spine. - Alternatively, side sleeping, with a pillow between your knees, can also reduce strain. Avoiding stomach sleeping is recommended, as it can lead to neck and back strain. ### **Sedentary Lifestyle:** A sedentary lifestyle contributes significantly to both upper and lower back pain. Here's why: - Lack of physical activity weakens the muscles that support the spine, leading to increased stress on the back. Regular exercise, especially activities focusing on core strengthening, can help improve posture and reduce the risk of back pain. - Simple exercises like walking, swimming, or specific back-strengthening routines can make a significant difference. ### **Heavy Lifting:** Improper lifting techniques can strain the back muscles immensely, leading to injuries and pain. When lifting heavy objects, it's essential to use proper body mechanics. - Bend at the knees, not the waist. - Lift with your legs. - Keep the object close to your body. - Avoid twisting while lifting. Don't attempt to lift objects that are too heavy. Instead, ask for assistance or use mechanical aids. Understanding and implementing correct lifting techniques can prevent unnecessary strain on the back muscles. ![girl with pain in back after moving heavy boxes](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/girl-with-pain-in-back-after-moving-heavy-boxes-2023-11-27-04-51-32-utc-1024x683.jpg "girl with pain in back after moving heavy boxes - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### **Stress:** Emotional stress can manifest physically and intensify both upper and lower back pain. - Stress triggers the body's "fight or flight" response, leading to muscle tension and increased sensitivity to pain. - Chronic stress can contribute to long-term back issues. Managing stress through relaxation techniques is a great way to help alleviate both the emotional and physical components of stress-related back pain. Deep breathing, meditation, and yoga can all help decrease stress as can participating in activities that bring you joy and relaxation. This can subsequently help to alleviate back pain. ## Actions You Can Take at Home to Reduce Back Pain Practical steps to manage back pain at home involve adopting healthy habits and making mindful choices. Explore these solutions applicable to both upper and lower back regions. ### **Ergonomic Workspace** Creating an ergonomic workspace is essential for reducing back strain. Start with a chair that supports the natural curve of your spine, allows you to sit back fully and have your legs bend, and allows your feet to rest flat on the ground or foot rest. Position your computer screen at eye level to help prevent neck strain. Use a keyboard and mouse that enable relaxed arm positions. Taking breaks to stretch and change positions throughout the day further promotes good posture and reduces the risk of back discomfort associated with prolonged sitting. ### **Regular Exercise** Frequent exercise is important for maintaining the strength and flexibility of both core and back muscles. Incorporate exercises that focus on these areas, such as gentle stretches, yoga, or Pilates. Strengthening the core provides stability to the spine, reducing the risk of back pain. Additionally, aerobic exercises like walking or swimming improve overall fitness and can contribute to a healthy back. ### **Proper Lifting Techniques** Understanding and implementing proper lifting techniques is paramount in preventing back strain and injuries. When lifting objects, use your legs to bear the weight instead of relying on your back. Bend at the knees, keep the object close to your body, and avoid twisting while lifting. This technique minimizes stress on the spine and reduces the risk of muscle strain. Regularly practicing and reinforcing these proper lifting habits can significantly contribute to maintaining a healthy back. ### **Supportive Sleep Environment** Investing in a supportive mattress and finding the best sleeping position are crucial for back pain relief. A mattress that aligns with the natural curvature of your spine provides adequate support. Back sleepers can benefit from having a medium-firm mattress, while side sleepers can find comfort with a slightly softer mattress and a pillow between their knees. You can experiment with different pillow placements and sleeping positions until you discover what works best for you. Ensuring a supportive sleep environment is essential for waking up with reduced upper and lower back pain. ### **Hydration and Nutrition** Staying hydrated and maintaining a balanced diet are fundamental elements of supporting overall health, including back health. Proper hydration ensures that spinal discs have sufficient fluid for shock absorption and flexibility. A balanced diet that includes nutrients like vitamin D and calcium contributes to bone health. Also important is maintaining a healthy weight through proper nutrition; this reduces the load on the spine and can reduce the risk of back pain. Aim for a well-rounded diet and stay hydrated. ## Stretches For Back Pain Incorporating stretches into your routine is key for managing both upper and lower back pain. Here are some upper back stretches that may help alleviate pain: ## Stretches for **Upper Back Pain** #### **Neck Tilt**: Tilt your head to one side, bringing your ear toward your shoulder. Hold for 15-30 seconds and switch sides. #### **Neck Rotation**: Slowly turn your head to one side, holding for a few seconds, then switch to the other side. #### **Cross-Body Arm Stretch**: Bring your right arm across your chest. Use your left hand to gently pull the right arm closer to your chest. Hold for 15-30 seconds and switch sides. This stretches in the area of your shoulder blades. #### **Cat-Cow Stretch**: Start on your hands and knees. Arch your back upward (like a cat), then drop your belly and lift your head (like a cow). Repeat for 1-2 minutes. #### **Seated Thoracic Extension:** Sit tall and clasp your hands behind your head. Arch backward, emphasizing the stretch in your upper back. Hold for 15-30 seconds. #### **Pec Stretch in a Doorway:** Stand in a doorway with your arms bent at a 90-degree angle. Place your forearms on the doorframe and lean forward slightly, feeling the stretch in your chest and upper back. ## **Stretches for** Lower Back Pain #### **Child's Pose:** Kneel on the floor, sit back on your heels, and reach your arms forward. Hold for 30 seconds to 1 minute, feeling the stretch in your lower back and hips. #### **Cat-Cow Stretch:** From hands and knees, arch your back up (like a cat), then drop your belly and lift your head (like a cow). Repeat for 1-2 minutes, promoting flexibility and relieving tension. #### **Pelvic Tilt:** Lie on your back with your knees bent. Tighten your abdominal muscles, pressing your lower back into the floor. Hold for a few seconds, then release. Repeat 10-15 times. #### **Seated Forward Bend:** Sit with your legs extended in front. Hinge at your hips, reaching toward your toes. Hold for 30 seconds, feeling the stretch in your lower back and hamstrings. #### **Knee-to-Chest Stretch**: Lie on your back, bring one knee to your chest, and hold for 15-30 seconds. Switch legs. For a deeper stretch, bring both knees to your chest simultaneously. #### **Piriformis Stretch:** Cross one leg over the other while seated and gently pull the knee toward your chest. Hold for 15-30 seconds and switch sides to target the piriformis muscle in the buttocks. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting a new stretching routine, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or concerns about back pain. Stretching should be done gently and within a comfortable range of motion to avoid exacerbating any existing issues. ## Icing or Heating Back Pain When to Use Each Icing and heating can both be helpful when it comes to back pain, but it is important to know when to ice and when to heat, as well as for how long and how often. ### When to Ice for Back Pain: - *Immediate Injury or Acute Pain:* - Use ice within the first 48 hours of an injury or the onset of acute pain to reduce inflammation and numb the area. - *Swelling and Inflammation:* - Ice is effective for reducing swelling and inflammation associated with injuries or conditions causing acute back pain. - *After Intense Physical Activity:* - Apply ice after intense physical activity to alleviate any strain or microtrauma to the back muscles. ### How to Apply Ice: - *Ice Pack:* - Use a commercially available ice pack or a bag of frozen peas wrapped in a thin cloth. - Apply the ice pack to the affected area for 15-20 minutes. - *Ice Massage:* - Freeze water in a paper cup, then peel away the top to expose the ice. - Massage the affected area in a circular motion for 5-10 minutes. - *Cold Compress:* - Soak a cloth in ice water, wring it out, and place it on the back. - Keep the compress in place for 15-20 minutes. **Important notes for applying ice:** Apply ice for 15-20 minutes at a time and repeat every 2-3 hours. Allow the skin to return to normal temperature before reapplying. ![Photo of a man from the back with his hands on his lower back suffering from back pain.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/man-with-back-pain-from-piroformis-muscle-1024x683.jpg "Man suffering from back pain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### When to Use Heat for Back Pain: - *Chronic Pain or Stiffness:* - Heat is beneficial for chronic back pain or stiffness, as it helps relax muscles and improve flexibility. - *Muscle Spasms:* - Heat can be applied to relieve muscle spasms and promote blood flow to the affected area. - *Before Physical Activity:* - Use heat before engaging in physical activities to warm up the muscles and prevent strain. ### How to Apply Heat: - *Hot Compress:* - Use a hot water bottle, heating pad, or commercially available hot compress. - Apply to the back for 15-20 minutes. - *Warm Bath:* - Soak in a warm bath with Epsom salts to relax muscles. - Limit bath time to 20 minutes. - *Warm Towel:* - Wet a towel with warm water, wring it out, and apply it to the back. - Leave in place for 15-20 minutes. **Important notes for applying heat:** Apply heat for 15-20 minutes as needed. Always allow the skin to cool down before reapplying, and avoid prolonged or continuous application to prevent burns and skin irritation. Always consult with a healthcare professional to determine the most suitable approach for your specific back pain condition. Individual responses to ice and heat can vary, and certain medical conditions may require specific considerations. ## Chronic Back Pain: A Sign of a Serious Issue? In conclusion, decoding why your back hurts empowers you to take control of your well-being. Adopting healthy habits, incorporating stretches, and knowing when to seek professional help can pave the way to a life with less upper and lower back pain. Remember that while lifestyle changes can alleviate back pain, chronic pain may indicate a more serious issue. If back pain persists or worsens, we highly recommend a consultation with a [POA spine specialist](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/) for a thorough evaluation. ## Meet our Spine & Back Experts **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Spine **Tags:** Back, Back Pain, Spine --- ### [Alleviating Discomfort: Stretches for Lower Back Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/stretches-for-lower-back-pain-relief/) **Published:** June 3, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** # Do you have lower back pain? Lower back pain is a common issue for many people, and it can significantly impact your daily life, affecting everything from your ability to perform simple tasks to your overall mobility and quality of life. Your lower back, or lumbar region, bears the brunt of your body's weight and is involved in virtually every movement you make. As a result, this area is highly susceptible to pain and injury. Your lower back pain can stem from various causes. Some of the more common causes are poor posture, muscle strain, herniated discs, and degenerative conditions like arthritis. You can effectively manage some cases of lower back pain at home with proper care and exercises. However, others may require the expertise of an orthopaedic surgeon. If you are experiencing back pain in areas other than your lower back, [read more about unlocking back pain relief.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/unlocking-back-pain-relief-causes-and-solutions-for-upper-and-lower-back-discomfort/) --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple **Orthopaedic Spine & Back Specialists** who treat spine & back-related injuries every day. - We have the Spine and Back Institute with a team of world-recognized back specialists, orthopaedists, and therapists **who have focused solely on back, neck, and spine health issues for over 15 years**. - We have a whole-body health approach when it comes to orthopaedic spine, neck, and back health. **The health of the entire body is connected to your back.** ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/) --- # Lower Back Pain: When to Seek Professional Help ## **Lower Back Pain Symptoms You Can Treat at Home:** In many situations, you can address your lower back pain right at home to see if you can find relief. However, we want to emphasize that if your condition worsens or becomes severe, you should seek care from an orthopaedic specialist immediately. ### Lower back pain symptoms you can try to treat at home: - Mild to moderate lower back pain that improves with rest and over-the-counter pain relievers - Stiffness or soreness in the lower back - Lower back pain that radiates slightly into the buttocks or thighs but not below the knee - Occasional muscle spasms - Difficulty standing up straight or moving without discomfort ## Meet Our Orthopaedic Spine Specialists ## **Lower Back Pain Symptoms That Require Professional Attention:** While there are many steps you can take to treat lower back pain at home, you should watch out for some key factors that warrant seeing an orthopaedic back specialist. ### Keep an eye out for the following: - Severe relentless lower back pain that does not improve when you rest or with OTC medication - Pain that radiates down one or both legs, primarily if it extends below the knee - Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the legs - Loss of bladder or bowel control - Lower back pain following an injury, such as a fall or accident - Persistent lower back pain that interferes with daily activities or sleep If you experience any of the more severe symptoms, it is crucial to consult an orthopaedic surgeon for a comprehensive evaluation and tailored treatment plan. # Effective Lower Back Stretches In many cases, you can alleviate your lower back pain through targeted stretching exercises. These exercises help improve flexibility, strengthen muscles, and reduce tension in the lumbar region. Here are some of the most effective stretches for lower back pain: ## **Cat-Cow Stretch** The Cat-Cow stretch is excellent for improving flexibility and releasing tension in the spine. By alternating between arching and rounding the back, this stretch helps to mobilize the spine and it gently stretches the muscles in your lower back. ### **Steps:** 1. Start by getting down on your hands and knees in a tabletop position. 2. Inhale as you arch your back while dropping your belly towards the floor. 3. Lift your head and tailbone towards the ceiling - this is commonly called 'Cow Pose'. 4. Exhale as you round your spine towards the ceiling while tucking your chin to your chest. 5. Pull your belly button in toward your spine - this is commonly called 'Cat Pose.' 6. Repeat for 5-10 breaths, moving slowly and gently. ## **Child's Pose** Child's Pose gently stretches the lower back and hips, relieving tension. This resting pose helps to lengthen the spine and relax the muscles, making it ideal for relieving lower back discomfort. ### **Steps:** 1. Kneel down on the floor and then gently sit back onto your heels. 2. Stretch your arms forward as you lower your torso between your knees, reaching your hands towards the floor. 3. Rest your forehead on the mat and hold in this position for 30-60 seconds while breathing deeply. ## **Knee-to-Chest Stretch** ![Knee to Chest lower back stretches](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/POA-physical-therapy-flier-replacement-shoot-30-1024x683.jpg "Lower Back Stretches - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")This stretch helps to relax your lower back muscles and relieve tension. By gently pulling your knee towards your chest, you can elongate your lower back and alleviate discomfort. ### **Steps:** 1. Lie down on your back with your knees bent and rest your feet flat on the floor. 2. Bring one knee towards your chest while clasping your hands around it. 3. Hold for 15-30 seconds, then switch legs. 4. Repeat 2-3 times for each leg. ## **Piriformis Stretch** ![Periformis lower back stretches](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/POA-physical-therapy-flier-replacement-shoot-25-1024x683.jpg "Piriformis stretch for lower back pain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")The piriformis stretch targets the muscles in the buttocks, which can help alleviate lower back pain. By stretching the piriformis muscle, you can reduce tightness and relieve pressure on the lower back. ### **Steps:** 1. Lie down on your back with both of your knees bent. 2. Cross one ankle over the opposite knee. 3. Pull the uncrossed leg towards your chest until you feel a stretch in your buttock. 4. Hold for 15-30 seconds, then switch legs. 5. Repeat 2-3 times for each leg. ## **Seated Forward Bend** This stretch helps to lengthen your spine and stretch the lower back and hamstrings. By reaching forward towards your feet, you can effectively reduce tension in the lower back and improve flexibility. ### **Steps:** 1. Sit down on the floor with your legs straight in front of you. 2. Hinge at your hips as you reach forward toward your feet. 3. Keep your back straight, and avoid rounding your spine. 4. Hold for 15-30 seconds, then relax. 5. Repeat 2-3 times. Oftentimes, you can effectively manage and reduce your lower back pain by incorporating these stretches into your daily routine. However, always listen to your body and avoid pushing into pain. If your symptoms persist or you feel them worsen, make sure to seek professional medical advice to ensure appropriate care. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Back, Spine, Uncategorized **Tags:** Back, Back Pain, Conditions, Lower Back Pain, Lower Back Stretches, Spine --- ### [Why Do I Have Shoulder Pain In The Morning?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/why-do-i-have-shoulder-pain-in-the-morning/) **Published:** June 21, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Muscle injuries, such as torn muscles, can affect anyone, from athletes to occasional exercisers. Recognizing the signs of a torn muscle is essential for timely treatment and preventing further damage. In this blog post, we will provide you with a detailed overview of the symptoms associated with torn muscles, empowering you to identify and address these injuries promptly. **Content:** ## **You Find Yourself asking, Why Am I Waking Up With Shoulder Pain?** At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, **we understand that shoulder pain from sleeping can be a concerning issue**, impacting your quality of life. It may not be just about the sleeping position but could also involve other factors. This situation calls for a swift response to mitigate any long-term negative effects. We're here to guide you through understanding this condition better and present simple strategies to help alleviate this discomfort. ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-39-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **The Source of Shoulder Pain** in the Morning What causes shoulder and arm pain from sleeping can be attributed to several physiological causes. Such as: - Osteoarthritis of the shoulder - Shoulder bursitis - Rotator cuff injury - Frozen shoulder - Shoulder impingement syndrome While these can occur irrespective of your sleeping position, poor sleep postures can exacerbate the condition. Our recommendation is always to consult with your trusted healthcare provider before modifying your sleeping habits. It's noteworthy to remember that shoulder pain rarely occurs in isolation; you may also experience issues with other parts of your body such as your upper extremities. ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-22-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Why Does Sleeping Position Effect Shoulder Pain** Research indicates that sleeping on your side can put a lot of pressure on your shoulder and lead to discomfort. But don't worry - there's hope! Studies show that adjusting your sleeping position can have a significant impact on reducing your shoulder pain. Let's work together to find a more comfortable, pain-free way to sleep. ## **What Can I Do Differently to Stop Shoulder Pain from Sleeping?** Switching to a more favorable sleep position is one of the simplest solutions to shoulder pain from sleeping on your side. For instance, sleeping on your back with a small pillow nestled between your shoulder blades can make a world of difference. Here are some tips for transitioning to sleeping on your back: 1. Invest in a supportive mattress designed for back sleeping 2. Use a good pillow to provide adequate neck support 3. Place extra pillows under your knees and/or lower back for added support 4. Consider encircling yourself with pillows to prevent turning 5. If space allows, spread your arms and legs slightly ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-20-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Say Goodbye to Shoulder Pain: Discover the Benefits of Back Sleeping Adopting the habit of back sleeping not only can help alleviate shoulder pain but also offers other health benefits: - Reduces pressure on the spine, neck, and hips - Helps maintain a neutral spine alignment - May reduce the risk of developing wrinkles and acne due to decreased contact with the pillow - May reduce the likelihood of acid reflux since the head is elevated above the stomach - Promotes better breathing and less snoring by keeping the airway open - May improve circulation and reduce the risk of developing varicose veins - Can be a good position for those with certain medical conditions like sleep apnea, back pain, or degenerative disc disease. Remember, there isn't a one-size-fits-all sleeping position for different shoulder pain issues. The best sleeping position is the one that relieves your shoulder pain most effectively. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, our highly skilled team of Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Specialists are ready to address any musculoskeletal injury or condition. We pride ourselves on providing expert medical care in a professional, understanding, and empathetic environment, with numerous locations throughout New Jersey. You're not alone in this journey - if you're experiencing any discomfort in your muscles, we invite you to contact us today. We're committed to helping you regain the quality of life you deserve. ![branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Branding-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric **Tags:** Conditions, Shoulder --- ### [Unlocking Orthopaedic Insights: Your Go-To Resource for Bone and Joint Health](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/unlocking-orthopaedic-insights-your-go-to-resource-for-bone-and-joint-health/) **Published:** August 11, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Unlocking Orthopaedic Insights: Your Go-To Resource for Bone and Joint Health ![branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Branding-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") When it comes to our health and well-being, few things are as crucial as the proper functioning of our bones and joints. Whether you're an athlete striving for peak performance, an individual managing the effects of aging, or someone recovering from an injury, orthopaedic health plays a pivotal role in your quality of life. In today's digital age, seeking information about orthopaedic concerns has become more accessible than ever. However, the wealth of information available online can be overwhelming, leaving us searching for reliable sources to address our questions and concerns. From understanding the causes and treatment options for common injuries like sprains and fractures, to delving into the complexities of joint conditions like arthritis, the internet is flooded with queries related to orthopaedics. Navigating the world of orthopaedic health often requires a balance between medical expertise and patient-friendly explanations. Let’s delve into some of the most common orthopaedic-related searches. So, whether you're recovering from an injury, seeking advice for preventive care, or looking to educate yourself about orthopaedic conditions, Princeton Orthopaedics has your back – quite literally! ## Here are some top orthopaedic related searches, complete with links to POA resources. ## Rheumatoid Arthritis - [The Symptoms and Causes of Rheumatoid Arthritis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/the-symptoms-and-causes-of-rheumatoid-arthritis/) - [Rheumatoid Arthritis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/rheumatoid-arthritis/) ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Foot Pain - [Foot Fractures](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/foot-fractures/) - [Foot Bunion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/foot-bunion/) - [Foot & Ankle Pain? Plantar Fasciitis May Be the Cause](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-plantar-fasciitis/) - [Foot Arthritis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/foot-and-ankle-arthritis/) ## Knee Pain - [Runner's Knee](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/how-to-recognize-treat-and-prevent-runners-knee/) ## Knee Replacement & Total Knee Replacement - [Total Knee Replacement](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/joint-care/total-knee-replacement/) - [Knee Replacement Physical Therapy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/joint-care/knee-replacement-physical-therapy/) - [When is the right time for a knee replacement?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/when-to-get-a-knee-replacement/) ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 45sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-45Sharpen-Motion-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 45sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Rotator Cuff Tears - [Rotator Cuff Tears](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/rotator-cuff-tear/) - [Signs of a torn rotator cuff](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/rotator-cuff-tear/) - [Symptoms of a torn rotator cuff](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/symptoms-of-a-torn-rotator-cuff/) ## Shoulder pain - [Shoulder dislocation](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/joint-dislocation/) - [Shoulder Impingement ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/shoulder-impingement/) - [Why Do I Have Shoulder Pain in the Morning?](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/why-do-i-have-shoulder-pain-in-the-morning/) ## Elbow Pain - [Elbow Pain: Causes, Treatments, and Prevention](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/elbow-pain-causes-treatments-and-prevention/) ## Tennis elbow - [Tennis Elbow Release](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/tennis-elbow-release/) - [Elbow Pain: Causes, Treatments, and Prevention](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/elbow-pain-causes-treatments-and-prevention/) - [Throwing Elbow Injuries](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/non-operative/throwing-elbow-injuries/) ## Orthopaedic Surgeon & Orthopedic Doctors Near Me - [POA Has 7 Convenient Locations](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/locations/) - [Meet POA's Orthopaedic Surgeons](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/orthopaedic-surgeons/) ## Spine Surgeon - [POA's Spine Experts](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/) - [See How Safe Spinal Surgery Has Become](https://youtu.be/e2lnlLNO7EA?list=PLca8-OhdrvXeMf_x3KuAv0Dzo__jvuWD9) ## Orthopedic Urgent Care Near Me - [Urgent Care at POA](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/orthopaedics/urgent-care/) - [Urgent Care for Orthopedic Injuries](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) ![exteriors princeton state road office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Princeton-State-Road-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "exteriors princeton state road office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 107](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-107-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 107 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Arthroscopy - [Hip Arthroscopy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/hip-arthroscopy/) - [Shoulder Arthroscopy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/shoulder-arthroscopy/) - [Knee Arthroscopy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/knee-arthroscopy/) - [Wrist Arthroscopy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/wrist-arthroscopy/) - [Ankle Arthroscopy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/ankle-arthroscopy/) - [Dr. Jeffry S. Abrams Elected President of the Arthroscopy Association of North America (AANA)](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/dr-jeffry-s-abrams-elected-president-of-the-arthroscope-association-of-north-america-aana/) ## Wrist pain - [Wrist Arthroscopy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wrist-arthroscopy/) ## Brachial Plexus - [Demystifying Brachial Plexus Injuries: Causes, Symptoms, and Recovery](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/demystifying-brachial-plexus-injuries-causes-symptoms-and-recovery/) ## Tendonitis - [How To Heal Tendonitis In Your Elbow: The Best Treatment Options](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/elbow-tendonitis/) - [Bursitis & Tendonitis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/bursitis-tendonitis/) - [Tendonitis: How to Recognize It, How We Can Treat It](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/tendonitis-101/) ## Patellar Tendonitis - [Understanding Patellar Tendonitis, Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-patellar-tendonitis-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/) ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ![branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Branding-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Do I Have an Orthopaedic Injury?** ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** [If you suspect you have an orthopaedic injury, don't hesitate to contact us and schedule an appointment. ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [We also have urgent care facilities all over New Jersey for your convenience](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/). [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Joint Care, News **Tags:** Joint Care --- ### [Understanding Patellar Tendonitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-patellar-tendonitis-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/) **Published:** August 17, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-07-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Understanding Patellar Tendonitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment** When it comes to physical activity and sports, injuries are an unfortunate reality that athletes and enthusiasts must contend with. One such common injury is patellar tendonitis, a condition that affects the patellar tendon, often called the "jumper's knee." This condition can impact anyone who engages in activities that involve repetitive knee movement, such as running, jumping, or playing sports. In this blog, we'll delve into patellar tendonitis's details, its causes, symptoms, and potential treatment options. ## **What is Patellar Tendonitis?** Patellar tendonitis, also known as patellar tendinopathy or jumper's knee, is a condition characterized by inflammation and irritation of the patellar tendon. The Patellar tendon connects the kneecap (patella) to the shinbone (tibia), and it plays an important role in enabling knee extension, which is vital for activities involving running, jumping, and other forms of lower body movement. ![what is patellar tendonitis jumpers knee inflamation](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/what-is-patellar-tendonitis-jumpers-knee-inflamation-1024x683.jpg "what is patellar tendonitis jumpers knee inflamation - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Causes of Patellar Tendonitis** Patellar tendonitis is often the result of overuse or repetitive strain on the patellar tendon. Athletes who engage in activities that involve frequent jumping and explosive movements, such as basketball, volleyball, and track and field, are particularly susceptible. The following factors can contribute to the development of patellar tendonitis: 1. **Repetitive Stress:** Performing the same movement patterns repeatedly can lead to tendon microtears, eventually leading to inflammation and pain. 2. **Poor Technique:** Incorrect body mechanics during physical activities can place undue stress on the patellar tendon, increasing the risk of injury. 3. **Muscle Imbalances:** Weakness or imbalances in the muscles surrounding the knee joint, specifically the hamstrings and quadriceps, can lead to poor alignment and increased strain on the patellar tendon. 4. **Sudden Increase in Activity:** A rapid increase in training intensity or duration without proper conditioning can overwhelm the tendon and lead to injury. 5. **Inadequate Recovery:** Not allowing sufficient time for rest and recovery between intense training sessions can contribute to the development of patellar tendonitis. ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 38](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-38-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 38 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Symptoms of Patellar Tendonitis** The symptoms of patellar tendonitis can vary in intensity but generally include: 1. **Pain and Tenderness:** The most common symptom is pain just below the kneecap, especially during activities that involve extending or bending the knee. 2. **Swelling or Stiffness:** Mild to moderate swelling may be present around the patellar tendon area. The affected knee might feel stiff, especially after periods of inactivity. 3. **Pain at Rest:** In some cases, individuals may experience pain even when the knee is at rest or during activities of daily living. --- ![branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Branding-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Do I Have A Knee Injury?** ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** [If you suspect you have a sports-related knee injury, don't hesitate to contact us and schedule an appointment. ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [We have urgent care facilities all over New Jersey for your convenience](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/). [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- ## **Treatment and Management** Addressing patellar tendonitis involves a combination of rest, pain management, and rehabilitation. Here are some common strategies: 1. **Rest and Activity Modification:** Give the affected knee adequate time to rest and heal by avoiding activities that exacerbate the pain. 2. **Ice and Pain Relief:** Applying ice can help to reduce inflammation and relieve pain. Over-the-counter pain relievers can also offer temporary relief. 3. **Physical Therapy:** A tailored physical therapy program can help to strengthen the muscles around the knee, improve flexibility, and correct any imbalances. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 156](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-156-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 156 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Patellar tendonitis is a common condition with the potential to significantly impact an individual's physical activity and quality of life. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options associated with this condition allows you to take proactive steps to prevent its development and manage symptoms effectively. If you suspect you have patellar tendonitis, it's vital to consult an orthopaedic specialist for an accurate diagnosis and a personalized treatment plan. Remember, early intervention and proper care can lead to a quicker recovery and a return to the activities you love. **Categories:** Knee **Tags:** Conditions, Knee --- ### [Demystifying Brachial Plexus Injuries: Causes, Symptoms, and Recovery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/demystifying-brachial-plexus-injuries-causes-symptoms-and-recovery/) **Published:** August 25, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 117](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-117-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 117 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Demystifying Brachial Plexus Injuries: Causes, Symptoms, and Recovery** Within the realm of intricate anatomical structures, the brachial plexus emerges as a vital network of nerves orchestrating the movement and sensation of our upper limbs. When this complex system faces disruption, it triggers a spectrum of issues collectively known as brachial plexus injuries. In this blog, we will delve into the depths of brachial plexus injuries, shedding light on their causes, symptoms, and potential avenues of recovery. ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-34-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **What is the Brachial Plexus** The brachial plexus stands as a web of nerves originating from the spinal cord in the neck, extending gracefully into the arm. This intricate neural network shoulders the responsibility of controlling the muscles of the shoulder, arm, and hand, while simultaneously providing sensation to these regions. ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Causes of Brachial Plexus Injuries** Brachial plexus injuries can trace their origins to various causes, including: 1. **Trauma:** High-impact accidents, such as car crashes or falls, exert excessive force on the brachial plexus nerves, potentially leading to stretching or tearing. 2. **Birth Injuries:** Some newborns might encounter brachial plexus injuries during a challenging birth, particularly if forceful maneuvers are employed during delivery. 3. **Sports Injuries:** Athletes engaged in contact sports or activities featuring repetitive overhead motions face an elevated risk of brachial plexus injuries. 4. **Tumors:** The presence of growths or tumors near the brachial plexus can exert pressure on and damage the delicate nerves. 5. **Inflammatory Conditions:** Infections or autoimmune disorders may ignite inflammation within the brachial plexus, fostering nerve dysfunction. ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-18-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Symptoms of Brachial Plexus Injuries** The symptoms of brachial plexus injuries exhibit variability, contingent upon the severity and location of the injury. Common symptoms encompass: 1. **Weakness:** Detectable loss of strength in the affected arm or hand. 2. **Numbness and Tingling:** A reduction in sensation or the sensation of "pins and needles" in the afflicted area. 3. **Pain:** Individuals frequently experience pain in the shoulder, arm, or hand, often radiating along the impacted limb. 4. **Limited Range of Motion:** Restricted arm or hand movement surfaces due to nerve damage. --- ![branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Branding-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Do I Have a Brachial Plexus Injury?** ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** [If you suspect you have brachial plexus, don't hesitate to contact us and schedule an appointment. ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [We have urgent care facilities all over New Jersey for your convenience](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/). [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-28-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Treatment and Recovery** Embarking on the path to recovery from a brachial plexus injury necessitates a multifaceted approach that involves: 1. **Physical Therapy:** Formulating a tailored physical therapy regimen can foster the regaining of strength and mobility, alongside enhancements in coordination. 2. **Occupational Therapy:** This specialized therapy streamlines the relearning of daily living activities like dressing and eating. 3. **Surgery:** In severe cases or instances where conservative treatments prove ineffectual, surgical intervention to repair damaged nerves may be indispensable. 4. **Medication:** Pain management strategies and medications alleviate discomfort, ultimately improving quality of life throughout the recovery journey. 5. **Time and Patience:** Nerve regeneration is a gradual process, with recovery spanning several months to years. Steadfast patience and unwavering commitment prove pivotal. 6. **Support:** Emotional sustenance from healthcare professionals, friends, and family plays a pivotal role in the recovery process. A brachial plexus injury represents a life-altering challenge, significantly impacting an individual's ability to perform daily tasks and partake in beloved activities. Grasping the causes, symptoms, and potential pathways to recovery is paramount for those confronting this obstacle. If you suspect a brachial plexus injury or are experiencing related symptoms, consult one of our physicians. With the right care, dedication, and understanding, individuals can work towards reclaiming function and enhancing their quality of life post-brachial plexus injury. Remember, recovery signifies a voyage, not a sprint, and every step forward marks a triumph. ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 68](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-68-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 68 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Categories:** Shoulder **Tags:** Conditions --- ### [Understanding Numbness or Tingling in Your Hands: Causes and Solutions](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-numbness-or-tingling-in-your-hands-causes-and-solutions/) **Published:** September 27, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** [View Post](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-numbness-or-tingling-in-your-hands-causes-and-solutions/) ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Understanding Numbness or Tingling in Your Hands: Causes and Solutions Numbness or tingling in your hands can be a perplexing and uncomfortable sensation. While it may seem alarming, it's crucial to understand that there are various potential causes, many of which are manageable or treatable. In this blog, we'll explore the diverse range of factors that can lead to numbness or tingling in your hands, shedding light on common and uncommon causes alike. By the end of this article, you'll be equipped with the knowledge to discuss your symptoms with confidence and find effective solutions. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-12-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Causes Numbness or Tingling in Your Hands? **Nerve Issues:** Hand numbness can occur when a nerve or a nerve branch in your arm and wrist is damaged, irritated, or compressed. This often stems from conditions like carpal tunnel syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome, or brachial plexus injury. **Peripheral Nerve Diseases:** Diseases affecting peripheral nerves, such as diabetes, can lead to numbness in your hands. However, it's important to note that diabetes typically causes numbness in the feet first. **Brain and Nervous System Conditions:** Uncommonly, numbness may be related to problems in your brain or spinal cord. In such cases, you may also experience arm or hand weakness or loss of function. Fortunately, numbness alone is rarely linked to serious conditions like strokes or tumors. **Chronic Conditions:** Chronic conditions like diabetes, multiple sclerosis, or autoimmune disorders such as Sjogren's syndrome can contribute to hand numbness. **Trauma or Overuse Injuries:** Physical injuries, including trauma or overuse of your hands and wrists, can result in temporary or chronic numbness. **Infectious Diseases:** Infections like Lyme disease or syphilis can sometimes cause numbness in the hands, though these cases are less common. **Treatment Side Effects:** Certain medical treatments, such as chemotherapy or HIV drugs, may lead to numbness as a side effect. **Environmental Factors:** Extreme cold, as seen in cases of frostbite, can cause temporary numbness or tingling in the hands. **Other Causes:** Rarely, conditions like ganglion cysts, vasculitis, or vitamin B-12 deficiency can be responsible for hand numbness. ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-22-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 53](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-53-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-35-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Seeking a Diagnosis and Treatment For Numbness or Tingling in Your Hands If you're experiencing numbness or tingling in your hands, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional. Your doctor will require detailed information about your symptoms to accurately diagnose the underlying cause. Various tests may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis before initiating a suitable treatment plan. While numbness in your hands may be unsettling, remember that many of the causes are manageable or treatable with proper medical guidance. By addressing the root cause and following your healthcare provider's recommendations, you can work towards restoring sensation and function in your hands, ensuring a happier and healthier future. Don't hesitate to seek help, as early intervention often leads to better outcomes. Learn more here: [Hand & Wrist - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/) --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Suffering from numbness or tingling in your hands? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you are suffering from numbness or tingling in your hands, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- **Categories:** Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Conditions, Hand --- ### [Understanding and Managing Tennis Elbow: Symptoms, Causes, and Effective Treatments](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-and-managing-tennis-elbow-symptoms-causes-and-effective-treatments/) **Published:** September 27, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Understanding and Managing Tennis Elbow: Symptoms, Causes, and Effective Treatments ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Tennis elbow, or elbow tendonitis, medically known as lateral epicondylitis, is a common condition that can affect anyone, not just tennis players. It can be a painful and frustrating ailment that hinders your daily activities. In this blog post, we will delve into the symptoms, causes, and effective treatments for tennis elbow to help you better understand and manage this condition. If you or a loved one is struggling with tennis elbow, Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is here to provide top-notch care and support. ## Recognizing the Symptoms of Tennis Elbow Tennis elbow manifests itself through several distinct symptoms, including: 1. **Pain on the Outer Elbow:** The most common and noticeable symptom of tennis elbow is pain on the outer part of the elbow, specifically around the bony bump called the lateral epicondyle. 2. **Weakness in Grip:** You may experience weakness in your grip, making it difficult to hold objects, shake hands, or perform routine tasks. 3. **Stiffness:** Stiffness in the elbow joint, particularly after periods of inactivity or upon waking up in the morning. 4. **Tenderness:** The affected area may become tender to touch, indicating inflammation. 5. **Radiating Pain:** In some cases, the pain may radiate down the forearm, making it even more uncomfortable. ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 53](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-53-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-34-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Understanding the Causes of Tennis Elbow Understanding the underlying causes of tennis elbow is crucial in preventing its onset. The primary causes include: 1. **Repetitive Overuse:** Engaging in repetitive activities that involve gripping and twisting motions, such as tennis, gardening, or even excessive typing, can strain the tendons in your forearm, leading to tennis elbow. 2. **Improper Technique:** Using incorrect techniques or equipment while participating in sports or performing manual labor can increase the risk of developing this condition. 3. **Age and Gender:** Tennis elbow is more common in individuals between the ages of 30 and 50 and tends to affect men and women equally. 4. **Muscular Imbalance:** Imbalances in forearm muscles can contribute to the development of tennis elbow, so strengthening exercises can be beneficial in preventing its occurrence. ## Effective Treatments for Tennis Elbow Fortunately, there are various treatments available to alleviate the symptoms of tennis elbow and promote healing. Some effective options include: 1. **Rest and Immobilization:** Reducing or modifying activities that aggravate the condition is essential. Immobilizing the affected arm with a brace or splint can aid in the healing process. 2. **Physical Therapy:** A physical therapist can develop a customized exercise plan to strengthen the forearm muscles and improve flexibility. 3. **Pain Management:** Over-the-counter pain relievers, like ibuprofen, can help reduce pain and inflammation. Your healthcare provider may also recommend corticosteroid injections for more severe cases. 4. **Eccentric Exercises:** These specialized exercises focus on lengthening the affected tendons to promote healing. 5. **Surgery (in Rare Cases):** If conservative treatments prove ineffective, surgical options like tendon repair may be considered. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Suffering from elbow pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you are suffering from pain in your elbow, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- Tennis elbow can be a painful and disruptive condition, but with the right approach, it can be managed effectively. If you or someone you know is struggling with tennis elbow, seek professional care at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. Our experienced team of orthopedic specialists is dedicated to providing you with the highest level of care and helping you regain your strength and mobility. Don't let tennis elbow hold you back – contact us today for personalized and comprehensive treatment options. Contact us to schedule with one of our experts. Your journey to recovery starts here. **Categories:** Elbow **Tags:** Conditions, Elbow, Sports Medicine --- ### [Elbow Tendonitis: Understanding Symptoms, Causes, and Effective Treatments](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-and-managing-elbow-tendonitis-symptoms-causes-and-effective-treatments/) **Published:** September 27, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## What is Tennis Elbow? Understanding Symptoms, Causes, and Effective Treatments Discover insights into elbow tendonitis, or tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, a widespread condition impacting individuals beyond the tennis court. This blog post aims to delve into the symptoms, causes, and effective treatments for elbow tendonitis, offering valuable information to enhance your understanding and management of this ailment. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is ready to provide exceptional care and support if you or a loved one faces elbow tendonitis. ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-16-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Recognizing Elbow Tendonitis Symptoms Elbow tendonitis presents distinct symptoms: **Outer Elbow Pain:** Notable pain around the lateral epicondyle, a common indicator of elbow tendonitis. **Grip Weakness:** Diminished grip strength affecting daily tasks. **Stiffness:** Elbow joint stiffness, especially after inactivity. **Tenderness:** Inflammation indicated by tenderness upon touch. **Radiating Pain:** Discomfort extending down the forearm in certain cases. ## Understanding the Causes of Elbow Tendonitis ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-14-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Preventing elbow tendonitis involves understanding its causes: 1. **Repetitive Overuse:** Activities like gardening or excessive typing, involving repetitive gripping, can strain forearm tendons. 2. **Improper Technique:** Incorrect sports or labor techniques elevate the risk of elbow tendonitis. 3. **Age and Gender:** Common among individuals aged 30 to 50, affecting both genders equally. 4. **Muscular Imbalance:** Strengthening exercises crucial for preventing tendonitis due to forearm muscle imbalances. ## Effective Elbow Tendonitis Treatments Explore various treatments for elbow tendonitis: 1. **Rest and Immobilization:** Modify activities and use braces to aid healing. 2. **Physical Therapy:** Customized exercise plans enhancing forearm muscle strength and flexibility. 3. **Pain Management:** Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen and corticosteroid injections for severe cases. 4. **Eccentric Exercises:** Specialized exercises promoting tendon healing. 5. S**urgery (Rare Cases):** Tendon repair considered if conservative treatments prove ineffective. ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-24-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Effectively managing elbow tendonitis is crucial. Seek professional care at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates for top-tier treatment. Our orthopedic specialists are committed to delivering comprehensive care, facilitating strength and mobility restoration. Do not let elbow tendonitis hinder your progress—contact us for personalized treatment options. Schedule an appointment with our experts to start your journey to recovery. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Suffering from elbow pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you are suffering from pain in your elbow, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- **Categories:** Elbow **Tags:** Conditions, Elbow --- ### [Welcoming Dr. Martin E. Griffis: Your Trusted Hand and Upper Extremity Specialist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/welcoming-dr-martin-e-griffis-your-trusted-hand-and-upper-extremity-specialist/) **Published:** October 3, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** # Welcoming Dr. Martin E. Griffis: Your Trusted Hand and Upper Extremity Specialist ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-11-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") We are excited to introduce another recent addition to our exceptional team here at POA, Dr. Martin E. Griffis, a renowned specialist in hand and upper extremity care. Dr. Griffis brings a wealth of expertise and a dedication to patient well-being that perfectly aligns with our commitment to providing top-tier, individualized care. ## Exceptional Education and Training Dr. Griffis's journey to becoming a leading orthopaedic surgeon is marked by exceptional education and rigorous training. He holds a Doctor of Medicine degree from Drexel University College of Medicine, a prestigious institution known for producing exceptional medical professionals. Following his degree, he completed a comprehensive internship at Drexel University/Hahnemann University Hospital. His commitment to excellence continued with an Orthopaedic Surgery Residency at the esteemed Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. Further honing his specialization in hand and upper extremity care, Dr. Griffis pursued a fellowship at NYU Langone Hospital for Joint Diseases, known for its dedication to pioneering orthopaedic treatments. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-12-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 2](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-2-6-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 3](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-3-5-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 6](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-6-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 6 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 7](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-7-6-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 7 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Dedicated to Excellence and Compassion Dr. Griffis's commitment to patient care goes beyond his extensive education and training. He is a member of the Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society (AOA) and the Gold Humanism Honor Society, reflecting his dedication to compassionate healthcare. His exceptional contributions to orthopaedics have not gone unnoticed. Dr. Griffis is a recipient of the Oscar Corn Award for Excellence in Orthopaedic Surgery, an acknowledgment of his dedication to advancing the field. ![Dr. Griffis - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Griffis-POA-2023-10x10-POA-e1695304659460.jpg "Dr. Griffis - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Innovative Techniques and Research As a member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American Society for Surgery of the Hand (Candidate Member), Dr. Griffis is at the forefront of orthopaedic advancements. His specialization in hand and upper extremity care positions him as a sought-after expert in the field. ## Your Path to Better Health Dr. Martin E. Griffis is here to provide you with exceptional care for your hand and upper extremity concerns. If you're seeking specialized treatment, innovative surgical techniques, and compassionate patient care, Dr. Griffis is ready to assist you on your journey to improved health. You can learn more about Dr. Griffis [here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-martin-e-griffis/). Don't hesitate to contact our office today to schedule your appointment with Dr. Griffis. We look forward to helping you achieve optimal well-being. **Categories:** Doctor Spotlight, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Hand, Wrist --- ### [Welcoming Dr. Horling: Your Expert in Podiatric Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/welcoming-dr-horling-your-expert-in-podiatric-medicine/) **Published:** October 10, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** # Welcoming Dr. Horling: Your Expert in Podiatric Medicine ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 6](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-6-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 6 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") We are delighted to introduce Dr. Horling, a highly skilled specialist in podiatric medicine. Dr. Horling joined our team earlier this year. Her impressive background and two decades of experience make her an invaluable asset to our practice. Whether you need foot care, treatment for sports injuries, or wound care, Dr. Horling is here to provide you with exceptional care. ## Educational Excellence Dr. Horling's journey to becoming a renowned podiatric physician began with her undergraduate education at Ursinus College, where she earned a Bachelor of Science Degree in Biology. Her passion for healthcare and dedication to improving patients' lives led her to the Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine, where she obtained her Doctor of Podiatric Medicine Degree in 2000. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 3](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-3-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-14-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 2](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-2-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 9](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-9-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 9 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Residency Training To further enhance her skills and expertise, Dr. Horling completed a rigorous three-year residency program at Frankford Hospital (now Jefferson Health) in Philadelphia, PA. This comprehensive program focused on medicine for the first year and then two years of intensive foot and ankle surgery training. Her dedication and commitment to excellence set her on a path to becoming double board certified. ![](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Horling-POA-2023-1-post_10x10-POA-e1695256788837.jpg "Dr. Horling - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Board Certifications Dr. Horling's commitment to the highest standards of care is demonstrated through her double board certifications. She is certified in Foot Surgery by the American Board of Foot and Ankle Surgery and in Podiatric Primary Care by the American Board of Multiple Specialties in Podiatry. These certifications reflect her dedication to providing comprehensive podiatric services. ## Active Engagement in Podiatric Community Dr. Horling is an active member of the American Podiatric Medical Society and the New Jersey Podiatric Medical Society. She currently serves on the Board of the NJPMS as the secretary for the Capital Division, further highlighting her commitment to advancing the field of podiatry. ## Experience You Can Trust With over 20 years of practice, Dr. Horling has a wealth of experience treating patients with various conditions, including podiatric medicine, sports injuries, and wound care. Her expertise was further showcased during her tenure as a panelist at the RWJ Wound Care Center in Hamilton for an impressive ten years. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 3](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-3-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Your Path to Better Foot Health If you're seeking compassionate care and advanced solutions for your foot and ankle needs, Dr. Horling is here to provide you with exceptional treatment. Don't hesitate to contact our office today to schedule your appointment with Dr. Horling. You can see Dr. Horling's bio [here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-horling-stephanie/). We look forward to helping you achieve better foot health and overall well-being. **Categories:** Doctor Spotlight, Podiatry **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Podiatry --- ### [Welcoming Dr. Saleh to Our Team: A Leader in Spine Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/welcoming-dr-saleh-to-our-team-a-leader-in-spine-surgery/) **Published:** October 10, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** # Welcoming Dr. Saleh to Our Team: A Leader in Spine Surgery ![Dr. Saleh - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-21-1-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Saleh - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") We are thrilled to introduce the newest addition to our POA team, Dr. Saleh, a distinguished specialist in the field of spine surgery. Dr. Saleh's impressive educational background, unwavering dedication to patient care, and extensive experience make him an invaluable asset to our practice. ## Educational Excellence Dr. Saleh's journey to becoming a spine surgeon began with his academic prowess. He obtained his Medical Degree from the prestigious New York University Grossman School of Medicine. Complementing this achievement, he earned a Bachelor of Science in Biomedical Education from City College of New York's Sophie Davis School. This solid educational foundation has propelled him to the forefront of the medical field. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 5](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-5-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 5 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-10-3-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 8](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-8-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 8 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-23-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-13-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Clinical Expertise Following his education, Dr. Saleh completed an Orthopaedic Surgery Residency at NYU Langone Health, where he honed his surgical skills and medical knowledge. His commitment to excellence led him to a Spine Surgery Fellowship at the renowned Rothman Orthopaedic Institute/Thomas Jefferson University. With this intensive training, he has become a recognized authority in spine surgery, providing patients with exceptional care and outcomes. ![](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Saleh-POA-2023-25-post_10x10-POA-e1695305866176.jpg "Dr. Saleh - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Professional Affiliations Dr. Saleh's dedication to staying at the cutting edge of his field is evident in his membership in esteemed medical organizations, including the National Association of Spine Surgeons and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. These affiliations reflect his commitment to ongoing education and the implementation of the latest advancements in spine surgery techniques. ## Awards and Certifications Recognized for his outstanding contributions, Dr. Saleh has received several prestigious awards throughout his career. These include the Executive Chief Resident title during his NYU Langone Orthopaedic Surgery Residency, the Nate Bondi Memorial Award, and the Award for Outstanding Research in Orthopaedic Surgery from New York University Grossman School of Medicine. His dedication to research and innovation is further underscored by his extensive list of peer-reviewed publications. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 6](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-6-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 6 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Your Path to Better Spine Health We are excited to have Dr. Saleh as part of our team, and we invite you to schedule a consultation with him to discuss your spine health. Whether you're seeking treatment for a spinal condition, exploring surgical options, or simply looking for guidance on maintaining a healthy spine, Dr. Saleh's expertise and compassionate care will ensure you receive the highest quality treatment. You can learn more about Dr. Saleh [here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-hesham-saleh/). Don't hesitate to contact our office today to schedule your appointment with Dr. Saleh. We look forward to helping you on your journey to a healthier, pain-free spine. **Categories:** Doctor Spotlight, Spine **Tags:** Spine, Spine Pain --- ### [Meet Our New Specialist: Dr. Levi - Your Expert in Foot and Ankle Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/meet-our-new-specialist-dr-levi-your-expert-in-foot-and-ankle-care/) **Published:** October 10, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** # Meet Our New Specialist: Dr. Levi - Your Expert in Foot and Ankle Care We are thrilled to introduce the latest addition to our team of podiatrists, Dr. Levi, a highly skilled specialist in foot and ankle care. Dr. Levi brings a wealth of knowledge, experience, and a strong commitment to patient well-being, making her an invaluable asset to our practice. Whether you're experiencing foot and ankle issues or seeking expert guidance, Dr. Levi is here to provide you with exceptional care. ![Dr. Levi | Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Levi-POA-2023-3-post_10x10-POA.jpg "Dr. Levi - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Educational Excellence Dr. Levi's journey to becoming a renowned podiatric physician began with her undergraduate education at Rutgers University. Her thirst for knowledge and dedication to healthcare led her to Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine, where she earned her Doctor of Podiatric Medicine degree in 2019. ## Residency and Surgical Expertise To further hone her skills and expertise, Dr. Levi completed an intensive four-year surgical residency program in foot and ankle surgery at Temple University Hospital, a level-1 trauma center known for its commitment to excellence. Her dedication and exceptional performance during her residency were recognized as she was voted chief resident by her peers. ## Exceptional Opportunities During her residency training, Dr. Levi had the privilege of serving as part of Temple's Limb Salvage team, where she played a vital role in preserving patients' limbs and improving their quality of life. She also had the honor of rotating through the prestigious Rubin Institute of Advanced Orthopedics in Baltimore, MD, gaining exposure to a wide variety of rare foot and ankle pathologies. ## Passion for Education and Community In addition to her clinical work, Dr. Levi obtained an associate professorship at Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine. This role allowed her to give back to student and resident education, reflecting her belief that community engagement and education are at the core of being a physician. ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 sharpenai sln 1](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-SharpenAI-sln-1-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 sharpenai sln 1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Your Path to Better Foot and Ankle Health Dr. Levi is dedicated to providing compassionate care and innovative solutions to address your foot and ankle concerns. Whether you're dealing with common podiatric issues, complex pathologies, or simply seeking guidance on maintaining optimal foot and ankle health, Dr. Levi's expertise is at your service. You can learn more about Dr. Levi [here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-levi-jennifer/). Don't hesitate to contact our office today to schedule your appointment with Dr. Levi. We look forward to helping you achieve better foot and ankle health. **Categories:** Doctor Spotlight, Podiatry **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Podiatry --- ### [Welcome Dr. Haskel: Expert in Sports Medicine and Orthopaedics](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/welcome-dr-haskel-expert-in-sports-medicine-and-orthopaedics/) **Published:** October 10, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** # Welcome Dr. Haskel: Expert in Sports Medicine and Orthopaedics ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-18-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") A huge welcome to another exciting addition to our team, Dr. Haskel, a highly specialized expert in sports medicine and orthopaedics. Dr. Haskel's impressive background and dedication to patient care make him an invaluable asset to our practice. Whether you're an athlete or someone dealing with joint injuries, fractures, sprains, or strains, Dr. Haskel is here to provide you with exceptional care. ## A Local Expert with a Global Perspective Born and raised in Morristown, NJ, Dr. Haskel has deep roots in our community. His specialization in sports medicine equips him with the knowledge and skills to address a wide range of injuries, particularly those involving the shoulder, elbow, and knee joints. His expertise extends to fractures, sprains, strains, and more, ensuring comprehensive care for all patients. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-11-3-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-15-3-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 9](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-9-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 9 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 32](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-32-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 32 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 3](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-3-5-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Educational Excellence Dr. Haskel's journey to becoming a renowned orthopaedic surgeon began with his undergraduate education at Duke University, where he was a dedicated member of the Duke Men’s Crew Team. He then pursued his medical degree at Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, solidifying his passion for healthcare. His commitment to excellence led him to complete his orthopaedic surgery residency at the prestigious NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital in New York City. Notably, he was elected by his peers and faculty to serve as an Executive Chief Resident in his final year of training. ![Dr. Haskel - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Haskel-POA-2023-10x10-POA-e1695304854865.jpg "Dr. Haskel - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## World-Class Training and Research Following his residency, Dr. Haskel sought further refinement of his skills through additional training at the renowned Steadman Clinic and Steadman-Philippon Research Institute in Vail, CO. His dedication to advancing orthopaedic knowledge is underscored by his authorship of over 30 peer-reviewed research papers and book chapters. His research contributions have been presented at national and international meetings, reflecting his commitment to pushing the boundaries of orthopaedic care. ## Serving Team USA and the US Olympic Ski and Snowboard Teams Dr. Haskel's expertise extends beyond the clinic. He has proudly served as a physician for Team USA and the US Ski and Snowboard Teams, offering medical coverage for events ranging from Colorado to Switzerland. Today, he continues to actively support the US Olympic Ski and Snowboard teams. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 8](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-8-5-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 8 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Your Path to Recovery Dr. Haskel is here to provide you with exceptional care, whether you're a professional athlete or an individual seeking top-tier orthopaedic treatment. If you're looking for specialized care, innovative solutions, and a compassionate approach to your orthopaedic needs, Dr. Haskel is your partner in recovery. You can learn more about Dr. Haskel [here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-jonathan-d-haskel/). Don't hesitate to contact our office today to schedule your appointment with Dr. Haskel. We look forward to helping you achieve optimal health and recovery. **Categories:** Doctor Spotlight **Tags:** Sports Medicine --- ### [Welcoming Dr. Sedhom: Your Specialist in Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation, and Pain Management](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/welcoming-dr-sedhom-your-specialist-in-physical-medicine-rehabilitation-and-pain-management/) **Published:** October 10, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** # Welcoming Dr. Sedhom: Your Specialist in Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation, and Pain Management ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 4](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-4-2-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Sedhom - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") We are delighted to introduce the newest addition to our esteemed medical team, Dr. Sedhom, a dedicated expert in Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation, and Interventional Pain Management. Dr. Sedhom's impressive background and commitment to patient well-being make her a valuable asset to our practice. If you're seeking compassionate care and effective pain management solutions, Dr. Sedhom is here to help. ## Educational Excellence Dr. Sedhom's journey to becoming a leading specialist began with her academic prowess. She earned her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from New York University, a testament to her dedication to understanding the complexities of patient care on both physical and psychological levels. She continued her educational journey at NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine, where she earned her DO (Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine) degree. Her commitment to advancing her medical knowledge led her to a Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Residency at the renowned Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. During her time at Mount Sinai, Dr. Sedhom served as the Chief Resident for the Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performances, showcasing her leadership and dedication to her field. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 3](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-3-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 2](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-2-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-15-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 6](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-6-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 6 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 6](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-6-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 6 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Expertise in Pain Management To further refine her skills and expertise, Dr. Sedhom completed an Interventional Pain Management Fellowship at Northwell/Hofstra School of Medicine. This specialized training equips her with advanced techniques and strategies for effectively managing and alleviating pain, ensuring that her patients receive the best possible care. ![Dr. Sedhom - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Sedhom-POA-2023-10x10-POA-e1695659948710.jpg "Dr. Sedhom - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Dedicated to Research and Excellence Dr. Sedhom's commitment to excellence extends to her contributions to the medical field. She has multiple peer-reviewed publications and presentations, reflecting her dedication to advancing the knowledge and practice of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation, and Pain Management. ## Affiliations and Specializations Dr. Sedhom is affiliated with prestigious medical organizations, including the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The New York Society of Interventional Pain Physicians, and the North American Neuromodulation Society. ![Dr. Sedhom - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-7-2-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Sedhom - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Your Path to Relief and Recovery If you're seeking compassionate care and effective pain management solutions, Dr. Sedhom is here to provide you with exceptional treatment. Whether you're dealing with chronic pain, rehabilitation needs, or a desire for enhanced physical well-being, Dr. Sedhom's expertise can help you on your path to relief and recovery. You can learn more about Dr. Sedhom [here.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-angela-a-sedhom/) Don't hesitate to contact our office today to schedule your appointment with Dr. Sedhom. We look forward to helping you achieve optimal health and well-being. **Categories:** Doctor Spotlight **Tags:** Pain Management, Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation --- ### [What is Avascular Necrosis (AVN)?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-avascular-necrosis-avn/) **Published:** May 9, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Boriello-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-17-1024x683.jpg "candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-20-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Prodromo - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Understanding Avascular Necrosis (AVN) Avascular necrosis, also known as osteonecrosis, occurs when your blood supply to a bone is disrupted due to various factors, leading to the death of bone tissue. This lack of blood flow deprives the bone of essential oxygen and nutrients, causing the bone to weaken and eventually collapse. ## Avascular Necrosis (AVN) Symptoms: The symptoms of avascular necrosis can vary. It depends on the affected bone, but common signs include: - Joint pain, which may worsen with activity and improve with rest. - Limited range of motion in your affected joint. - Stiffness and swelling. - Eventually, if left untreated, the bone may collapse, leading to severe arthritis and disability. --- ## Why you can trust us: - Our team is comprised of [Orthopedic Surgeons](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/orthopaedic-surgeons/) who are specialists. This means that whether you have a hip-related need or a shoulder issue, you'll see someone whose entire professional life is focused on that. - We believe in the power of specialization. For our patients, that means we have *multiple [physiatric doctors](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physiatry/) who only focus on diagnosis, prevention, and rehabilitation.* - Our primary goal is to get you back to the things you love. We work with our patients to achieve their goals and develop a custom plan of action. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/about-us/) --- ## Factors Contributing to Avascular Necrosis ### Several factors can contribute to the development of avascular necrosis: #### Trauma A sudden injury or trauma, such as a fracture or dislocation, can damage blood vessels and interrupt blood flow to the bone. #### Chronic Conditions Certain chronic conditions, such as sickle cell anemia, lupus, and diabetes, can affect blood vessels and increase the risk of avascular necrosis. #### Medications Long-term use of high-dose corticosteroids, often used to treat conditions like arthritis or asthma, can disrupt blood flow to the bones. #### Excessive Alcohol Consumption Heavy alcohol use can impair blood circulation and weaken bones, increasing the risk of avascular necrosis. #### Joint Pressure Some medical treatments, like radiation therapy, can damage nearby blood vessels, leading to avascular necrosis. Additionally, excessive pressure on certain joints, such as the hips or knees, can restrict blood flow and contribute to the condition. ## Where Does Avascular Necrosis Affect the Body? Avascular necrosis (AVN) can affect various body parts, particularly those highly reliant on strong, healthy bones and good blood circulation. ### These are the areas most commonly affected by AVN: ### AVN in Hips: AVN frequently occurs in the hip joints, particularly in the femoral head (the ball part of the hip joint). Hip AVN can lead to significant pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. ### AVN in Knees: While less common than hip AVN, the knee joint can also be affected. AVN in the knee can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty with movement. ### AVN in Shoulders: AVN can affect the shoulder joint, particularly the humeral head (the ball part of the shoulder joint). Shoulder AVN may cause pain, limited range of motion, and weakness. ### AVN in Ankles: AVN can occur in the talus bone within the ankle joint. Ankle AVN can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty walking. ### AVN in Jaw: Although less common, AVN can also affect the jawbone (mandible or maxilla). Jaw AVN can lead to jaw pain, difficulty chewing, and other oral health problems. ### AVN in Spine: AVN can affect the vertebrae in the spine, particularly in the lumbar spine, which is the lower back region. Spinal AVN can cause back pain, stiffness, and, in severe cases, neurological symptoms due to compression of the spinal cord or nerves. These areas are particularly vulnerable to AVN because they contain weight-bearing joints or are subjected to significant mechanical stress. Additionally, the blood supply to these areas may be compromised due to their anatomical location or underlying conditions, making them more susceptible to AVN. However, AVN can occur in any bone in the body, depending on the underlying causes and risk factors. # Diagnosis and Treatment of Avascular Necrosis ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Diagnosis typically involves a combination of your medical history, a physical examination, and imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans. Treatment options depend on the stage of the condition. They may include medications to relieve pain, physical therapy to improve joint function, and surgical procedures such as core decompression, bone grafting, or joint replacement. Early detection and intervention are crucial to managing avascular necrosis and preventing further complications. If you're experiencing symptoms or have concerns about AVN, *consult a healthcare professional for evaluation and appropriate treatment.* ### Treatment Options For Avascular Necrosis May Include: - Medications to relieve pain. - Physical therapy to improve joint function. - Surgical procedures like core decompression, bone grafting, or joint replacement like [shoulder hemiarthroplasty](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/shoulder-hemiarthroplasty/). ### Seeking Early Intervention for Avascular Necrosis Early detection and intervention are crucial in managing avascular necrosis and preventing further complications. If you suspect you have AVN or experience symptoms, promptly seeking medical attention is crucial. It's important to consult with a healthcare professional promptly for appropriate diagnosis and treatment, and at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, our specialists can provide a comprehensive evaluation, listen to your concerns, and build a custom treatment plan, personalizing it to your needs. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) ## Our specialists include: ### Orthopedic Surgeons: Specializing in bone disorders, orthopedic surgeons offer treatments ranging from medications to surgical procedures like core decompression or joint replacement. ### Physiatrists (Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Specialists): Physiatrists focus on nonsurgical treatments like physical therapy to improve joint function and manage pain. Are you worried about AVN affecting your hip or another joint? It's crucial to consult with a specialist, such as an orthopedic surgeon, to develop a personalized treatment plan. Early detection and proper management can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life for individuals with AVN. ### Meet Some of POA's Physiatrists ## Is Avascular Necrosis (AVN) Hereditary? Although it's less common compared to other causes like trauma or medication use, some genetic factors may predispose individuals to AVN, making them more susceptible to the condition. Research suggests that specific genetic mutations or variations may increase the risk of AVN. For example, mutations affecting proteins that maintain blood vessel function or regulate bone metabolism could potentially contribute to AVN development. Additionally, some hereditary conditions, such as sickle cell disease, can increase the likelihood of AVN. While genetics may play a role, a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors, such as trauma, medication use, or other medical conditions, influence the development of AVN. The exact genetic factors contributing to AVN are still being studied, and more research is needed to understand them fully. > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Arthritis, Hip, Joint Care, Knee, Shoulder, Spine **Tags:** Conditions, Hip, Shoulder --- ### [Herniated Disc Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/herniated-disc-pain/) **Published:** March 21, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Have a Herniated Disc? You Should See a Specialist. ### The Essential Information: A herniated disc occurs when the cushion-like material between vertebrae ruptures, putting pressure on nearby nerves. ### Herniated Disc Symptoms include: - Pain - Numbness - Weakness ### Depending on the severity, your treatment may involve: - Physical therapy - Medication - Surgery ### Why it Matters: Herniated discs can significantly impact your quality of life, causing pain and limiting mobility. Understanding the condition and seeking appropriate treatment can improve comfort and function. ### The Bottom Line: Recognizing the signs of a herniated disc and knowing when to seek medical attention are important steps in managing the issue. With proper diagnosis and tailored treatment, you can experience relief from pain and regain your ability to engage in daily activities. If you suspect you have a herniated disc, don't ignore the symptoms. Consult a [POA orthopaedic spine specialist](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/) for an evaluation and personalized treatment recommendations. With the right approach, you can find relief and improve your overall well-being. ## Meet Our Orthopaedic Spine Specialists ## To dive deeper, keep reading. ## What Is a Herniated Disc? Understanding herniated discs is crucial for anyone experiencing back pain or discomfort. These spinal issues can impact daily life and mobility. You can regain control of your health and well-being by recognizing symptoms, knowing when to seek help, and exploring treatment options. A herniated disc, also commonly known as a slipped or ruptured disc, occurs when the soft inner material of your spinal disc protrudes through the tough outer layer. Spinal discs serve as cushions between the vertebrae of the spine, providing flexibility and shock absorption for the spine. They consist of a gel-like inner core (nucleus pulposus) surrounded by a tough, fibrous outer layer (annulus fibrosis). When a disc herniates, the inner material may press on nearby nerves, causing pain, numbness, or weakness in the affected area. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 4](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-4-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 4 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ## Spinal Care at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple **Orthopaedic Spine & Back Specialists** who treat spine & back-related injuries every day. - We have the Spine and Back Institute with a team of world-recognized back specialists, orthopaedists, and therapists **who have focused solely on back, neck, and spine health issues for over 15 years**. - We have a whole-body health approach when it comes to orthopaedic spine, neck, and back health. **The health of the entire body is connected to your back.** ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/) --- ## Where Do Herniated Discs Happen? Herniated discs can occur anywhere along your spine, but they most commonly occur in the lower back or in the neck. ## What Causes Spinal Disc Herniation? ### Several factors can lead to the development of a herniated disc: **Age**: As you age, your spinal discs lose water content and, therefore, become less flexible, which makes them more prone to tearing or rupturing. This natural aging process can increase the risk of herniated discs. **Trauma or Injury**: Sudden trauma or an injury to your spine, such as lifting heavy objects incorrectly, falling, or a car accident, can cause herniation of the disc. These events can create enough force to rupture the disc's outer layer. **Repetitive Strain**: Activities that involve repetitive movements, lifting heavy objects, or twisting motions can gradually wear down the discs and increase the risk of herniation over time. **Genetics**: Some people may be genetically predisposed to developing herniated discs due to inherited traits that affect the structure and integrity of the spinal discs. **Obesity**: Excess body weight puts increased pressure on your spine and contributes to disc degeneration, which makes them more susceptible to herniation. **Poor Posture**: Consistently having poor posture can lead to uneven pressure on the spinal discs, increasing the risk of disc herniation. **Smoking**: If you're smoking, it reduces blood flow to the spinal discs, which inhibits the absorption of nutrients, which can weaken the discs and make them more prone to herniation. ## What Are Herniated Disc Symptoms? The symptoms of a herniated disc vary depending on the location and severity of the issue. Common signs include localized pain, numbness or tingling, weakness in muscles served by the affected nerve, and pain that radiates down the arm or leg. ### What Does a Herniated Disc Feel Like: - Localized pain - Numbness or tingling - Weakness in muscles served by the affected nerve - Pain that radiates down your arm or leg ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## When to See an Orthopaedic Spine Specialist If you experience persistent or severe back pain, especially if accompanied by numbness, weakness, or difficulty walking, it's essential to consult an orthopaedic specialist. Additionally, it's important that you seek medical attention if your symptoms worsen or interfere with daily activities. ### **When to See a Specialist:** - Persistent or severe back pain. - Numbness, weakness, or difficulty walking. - Symptoms worsen or interfere with daily activities. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from back pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have back pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) ## Herniated Disc Treatment Treatment for a herniated disc will vary depending on the severity of your symptoms and individual circumstances. Options for treatment may include physical therapy to strengthen muscles and improve flexibility and medication to manage pain and inflammation. In some cases, surgery to remove the protruding disc material is necessary. Because every situation is unique to the individual, we recommend seeing an orthopaedic spine specialist immediately if you think you have a herniated disc. ## Common Herniated Disc **Treatment** - Physical therapy to strengthen muscles and improve flexibility - Medication to manage pain and inflammation - Surgery to remove the protruding disc material (in some cases) ## **At-Home Techniques** - Gentle stretching and exercising - Avoid high-impact activities - Listen to your body and avoid movements that worsen symptoms ## Helpful Stretches for a Herniated Disc Specific stretches can help alleviate discomfort associated with herniated discs. Consult a specialist to determine which stretches are safe and effective for you. Weak core muscles are a common issue for those experiencing back pain, as they provide less support to the spine. Strengthening core muscles can reduce back pain. Regular stretching can alleviate pain and prevent chronic muscle spasms associated with a herniated or bulging disc. ### Stretching Exercises for Herniated Disc Relief: **Knee to chest stretch:** This can help ease pain and improve posture. - Lie on your back. - Grab one leg by the ankle and pull it towards your chest. - Hold for 30 seconds. - Repeat with the other leg. **Hip Stretching:** Helps ease back pain and improve blood flow to the lower extremities. - Lie on the floor. - Pull one leg up towards your head using your arms. - Reach towards your toes with your hands while keeping the other leg on the floor. **Triceps stretch:** This can help ease the pain and improve your posture. - Stand upright. - Lift one arm towards the sky while keeping the other on your side. - Hold for 30 seconds. - Repeat with the other arm. **Seated hamstring stretch:** Another stretch that helps with pain and posture. - Sit on a chair. - Place one leg over the other. - Bend towards the leg on the chair. - Hold for 30 seconds. - Switch legs. These stretches target key areas to alleviate back pain and improve posture, making them beneficial for managing a herniated disc. ## Exercises for Herniated Discs: Weak core muscles contribute to back pain by providing inadequate spinal support. Strengthening your core can alleviate this discomfort. ### Here are some practical exercises with instructional details: - Pelvic tilts: Start on your back, knees bent, and feet flat on the floor. Slowly tilt your pelvis upward as you press your lower back into the floor. Hold for a few seconds, then release. Perform 10-15 repetitions. - Bent knee hug: Lie on your back, knees bent and feet flat on the floor. With your hands around it, bring one knee towards your chest. Hold for 15-30 seconds, then switch legs. Repeat 2-3 times on each side. - Bicycle: Lie on your back with knees bent and hands behind your head. Lift your shoulders off the floor while you bring your right elbow toward your left knee, your right leg extended. Switch sides and bring your left elbow toward your right knee. Alternate sides in a cycling motion for 10-15 repetitions per side. - Knee to chest: Lie on your back, knees bent, and feet flat on the floor. Bring a knee toward your chest, holding it with both hands. Hold for 15-30 seconds, switch legs, and repeat 2-3 times on each side. ### Additional core stabilization exercises include: - Planks: First, position yourself in a push-up position, resting on your forearms. Keep your body straight from head to heels, engaging your core muscles. Hold for 30-60 seconds or as long as you can maintain proper form. - Side plank: Lying on your side with your legs stacked and your elbow directly beneath your shoulder, lift your hips off the floor, creating a straight line from your head to your heels. Hold for 30-60 seconds, then switch sides. - Floor-prone cobra: Lie facedown with arms extended overhead. Lift your chest and arms off the floor while squeezing your shoulder blades together. Hold for 10-15 seconds, then lower back down. Continue for 10-15 repetitions. ## Things To Avoid With A Herniated Disk **If you're feeling the pain of a herniated disc**, it's important to be mindful of the exercises you're engaging in because some movements can exacerbate your discomfort and potentially worsen your condition. If you know or think you have a herniated disc, you should avoid activities that strain the spine excessively, such as heavy lifting or sudden twisting motions. Listening to your body and avoiding movements that worsen symptoms is essential. ### Avoid These Things if You Suspect a Herniated Disc: - Heavy lifting - Sudden twisting motions - Rotational exercises: These movements can exacerbate herniated or bulging disc pain by putting stress on the spine. - Leg raises: These exercises can increase stress on the lower back, worsening discomfort associated with herniated discs. - Sit-ups: Avoid these exercises as they can strain the lower back > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Categories:** Spine **Tags:** Conditions, Spine --- ### [Muscle Tears 101: From Causes to Fixing a Torn Muscle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/muscle-tears-101-from-causes-to-fixing-a-torn-muscle/) **Published:** February 19, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## You Tore a Muscle - Now What? Muscle tears, a common concern for many, can disrupt your routine and hinder daily activities. We'll unravel the intricacies of muscle tears—defining what they are, examining causes, understanding symptoms, and crucially, **guiding you on when it's suitable for at-home treatment versus seeking professional assistance to heal a torn muscle.** A comprehensive understanding of the severity of a muscle tear is vital for targeted treatment and a swift recovery. ## What is a Torn Muscle? ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 2](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-2-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Before we unravel the dynamics of a muscle tear, it's essential to grasp the basics. A torn muscle, scientifically known as a muscle strain or rupture, refers to the damage or tearing of muscle fibers. Muscles are bundles of fibers that work harmoniously to facilitate movement. When these fibers are subjected to excessive force or stretched beyond their capacity, they can sustain microscopic or macroscopic tears. --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have experienced orthopedic doctors who can help you with muscle tears and other orthopaedic injuries. - Our doctors have decades of combined experience. - We have a whole-body health approach and provide personalized care and customized treatment. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) --- ## What are Torn Muscle Symptoms? Here are common symptoms associated with a muscle tear: ### PAIN Persistent or acute pain, especially during movement or when pressure is applied to the affected area. ### SWELLING Persistent or acute pain, especially during movement or when pressure is applied to the affected area. ### BRUISING Discoloration or bruising may occur due to internal bleeding caused by the tear. ### MUSCLE WEAKNESS Reduced strength in the injured muscle, making it challenging to perform regular activities. ### LIMITED RANGE OF MOTION Difficulty moving the affected muscle or joint due to pain and stiffness. ### CRAMPING OR MUSCLE SPASMS Uncontrollable contractions or spasms in the injured muscle. ### TENDERNESS TO TOUCH Increased sensitivity and tenderness when touching or applying pressure to the affected area. ### MUSCLE DEFORMITY In severe cases, a visible deformity or irregular shape in the muscle may be noticeable. It's important to note that the severity of symptoms can vary based on the extent of the muscle tear, ranging from mild discomfort to significant pain and functional limitations. If you suspect a muscle tear, seeking professional medical advice is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate, timely treatment. ## *How* Does a Muscle Tear Happen? Muscle tears can occur for various reasons, often associated with sudden or forceful movements. Here are some common scenarios: **Overexertion**: Pushing your muscles beyond their limits, especially during intense workouts or physical activities, can lead to tears. **Trauma:** Direct impact or injury to a muscle, such as a fall or collision, can cause tearing. **Improper Warm-up**: Inadequate warm-up before physical activities can leave muscles less flexible and more prone to tears. **Repetitive Strain:** Engaging in repetitive motions, common in certain sports or occupational activities, may contribute to muscle tears over time. ## *Why* Does a Torn Muscle Happen? Understanding the factors that contribute to muscle tears is crucial for prevention. Some common reasons include: **Age:** As we age, our muscles may lose elasticity and become more susceptible to tears. **Dehydration:** Inadequate hydration can impair muscle function, making them more prone to injuries. **Muscle Imbalances:** Weak or tight muscles can create imbalances, increasing the risk of tears. **Fatigue:** Tired muscles are more vulnerable to injuries, emphasizing the importance of rest and recovery. ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 50](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-50-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 50 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **What Do You Do For A Torn Muscle** Determining whether to treat a muscle tear at home or seek professional help depends on the severity of the injury. Here are some things to consider when thinking about fixing a torn muscle at home or deciding when to see an orthopedic doctor for a torn muscle. The path for **fixing a torn muscle** depends on the severity of the muscle tear. ### Mild Muscle Tear (Grade I): **Symptoms:** Mild pain, minimal swelling. **Treatment:** Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (R.I.C.E). Over-the-counter pain relievers may be sufficient. ### Moderate Muscle Tear (Grade II): **Symptoms:** Noticeable pain, swelling, and potential bruising. **Treatment:** R.I.C.E, but medical evaluation is advisable. Physical therapy may be recommended. ### Severe Muscle Tear (Grade III): **Symptoms:** Intense pain, significant swelling, and possible muscle deformity. **Treatment:** Seek immediate medical attention. Surgical intervention may be necessary. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 9](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-9-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 9 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## How Bad is My Muscle Tear? Assessing the severity of a muscle tear involves considering both symptoms and functional limitations: ### Pain: **Mild:** Discomfort with movement. **Moderate:** Persistent pain affecting daily activities. **Severe:** Excruciating pain, potential inability to use the affected muscle. ### Swelling: **Mild:** Minimal swelling. **Moderate:** Noticeable swelling around the injured area. **Severe:** Pronounced swelling, potential deformity. ### Functional Limitations **Mild:** Minimal impact on movement. **Moderate:** Difficulty moving the affected muscle. **Severe:** Complete loss of function, inability to bear weight. In conclusion, a muscle tear is a nuanced injury that requires careful consideration of its nature and severity for effective management. While mild muscle tears can often be treated at home with rest and self-care measures, for **moderate to severe muscle tears with moderate to severe symptoms, we recommend seeing an orthopaedic doctor.** Listening to your body, seeking timely medical advice, and following a structured recovery plan are key steps toward fixing a muscle tear and reclaiming your active lifestyle. Remember, patience and proper care are your allies on the road to recovery. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Physical Therapy, Sports Medicine **Tags:** Conditions, Sports Medicine --- ### [When to See an Orthopaedic Hand Specialist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/when-to-see-an-orthopaedic-hand-specialist/) **Published:** March 11, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Knowing When to Seek Help From a Hand Doctor for Hand Issues Experiencing discomfort or limitations in your hand's function can disrupt your daily life. Knowing when to consult a hand doctor is essential for getting the proper care, whether it's from an injury or a persistent condition. But what exactly is a hand doctor, and when should you consider seeing one? ## What Is a Hand Doctor? Hand doctors, often orthopedic specialists, are experts in diagnosing, treating, and preventing disorders affecting the hand, wrist, and forearm. With their deep understanding of the intricate network of tissues and bones in the hand, they provide tailored care for people of all ages dealing with hand-related issues. ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 56](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-56-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 56 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-07-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 2](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-2-6-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Seeing a hand specialist, such as an orthopedic surgeon or a hand surgeon, can offer several advantages over seeing a general doctor for hand issues: #### Expertise Hand specialists have specific training and experience in diagnosing and treating conditions that affect the hands, wrists, and forearms. They possess a deeper understanding of the complex anatomy and biomechanics of the hand, allowing for more accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. #### Specialized treatment options Hand specialists are familiar with a wide range of treatment options specific to hand conditions, including conservative approaches such as physical therapy and splinting and surgical interventions if necessary. They can tailor treatment plans to address individual patient needs and preferences. #### Advanced procedures In cases where surgery is required, hand specialists are trained in advanced surgical techniques specific to hand and wrist conditions. They have the skills and experience to perform delicate procedures with precision, minimizing risks and maximizing outcomes. #### Comprehensive care Hand specialists often work closely with other healthcare professionals, such as physical therapists, to provide comprehensive care for hand conditions. They can coordinate multidisciplinary treatment plans to optimize recovery and functional outcomes. #### Better outcomes Research has shown that patients receiving care from specialists tend to have better outcomes than those treated by general practitioners. Hand specialists can offer specialized expertise and personalized care, leading to improved symptom relief, functional recovery, and overall satisfaction with treatment outcomes. While general doctors can provide initial evaluation and basic treatment for hand issues, seeing a hand specialist can offer specialized expertise and tailored care that may lead to better outcomes in the long run. If you're experiencing hand problems, consulting with a hand specialist can help ensure you receive the most tailored, appropriate, and effective care for your condition. # Meet Our Orthopaedic Hand & Wrist Specialists --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple **Orthopaedic Hand & Wrist Specialists** who treat hand & wrist-related injuries every day. - We believe in the power of specialization. That means that our patients receive care from ***doctors, therapists, and orthopaedic wrist, forearm, and hand specialists who treat orthopaedic wrist, forearm, and hand issues*** on a daily basis. - We have a whole-body health approach when it comes to orthopaedic hand and wrist and we will make sure that your condition is treated as thoroughly as possible so that you can get back to living life. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/) --- # Common Hand Conditions That Can Cause Pain From arthritis to nerve problems and fractures, various conditions can affect hand health. Whether from sudden injuries or gradual wear and tear, these issues can impair function and cause discomfort. These are some of the common hand issues that can cause pain or discomfort: **Arthritis:** Both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can affect the hands, causing pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. **Carpal Tunnel Syndrome:** Compression of the median nerve in the wrist can lead to numbness, tingling, and pain in the hand and fingers. **Tendonitis:** Inflammation of the tendons in the hand, such as De Quervain's tenosynovitis or trigger finger, can cause pain and limited movement. **Fractures:** Broken bones in the hand, fingers, or wrist can result from trauma or repetitive stress, causing pain and swelling. **Dupuytren's Contracture:** Thickening of tissue in the palm can cause fingers to bend inward, resulting in discomfort and difficulty with hand function. **Nerve Entrapment Syndromes:** Conditions like cubital tunnel syndrome or radial tunnel syndrome can lead to pain, numbness, and weakness in the hand and forearm. **Ganglion Cysts:** Fluid-filled sacs near joints or tendons can cause discomfort and may interfere with hand movement. **Tendon Injuries:** Injuries to the flexor or extensor tendons of the hand can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty with gripping and extending the fingers. **Hand Injuries:** Traumatic injuries such as lacerations, crush injuries, or dislocations can cause significant pain and functional impairment. **Wrist Instability:** Weakness or laxity in the wrist ligaments can lead to pain, instability, and difficulty with activities requiring wrist movement. Recognizing symptoms and seeking timely evaluation and treatment from a hand specialist can help alleviate pain and prevent long-term complications. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from hand pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have hand pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- # Treatment for Hand and Wrist Pain Treatment for hand conditions varies based on diagnosis and severity. In many situations these non-surgical methods are often attempted first. However, surgical intervention might be necessary if these methods prove ineffective or if significant damage exists. ### Non-Surgical Hand Treatment - Therapy - Splinting - Medications ### Surgical Treatment - Tendon repair - Joint reconstruction - Nerve surgery These procedures aim to both alleviate pain and restore function, offering hope for improved quality of life. # When Should I Seek Out A Hand Doctor Near Me? Hand pain and issues may fluctuate, potentially arising from overuse or a previous injury. Sometimes though, more attention is required. ### **Here are some signs that it's time to find an orthopaedic hand specialist near you**: #### Persistent Pain Even when resting, ongoing discomfort in your hand warrants attention. #### Limited Mobility Difficulty moving your hand, wrist, or fingers as usual could indicate an underlying problem. #### Weak Grip Struggling to hold objects or experiencing weakness in your grip might signify an issue. #### Swelling or Redness If you're experiencing swelling or redness, especially if these symptoms worsen with activity, it may require professional evaluation. #### Tingling or Numbness Sensations of tingling or numbness in your hand or fingers can indicate nerve-related issues. #### Loss of Muscle Tone Don't discount or ignore noticeable changes in the strength or tone of your hand muscles. #### Daily Tasks Becoming Challenging If activities like brushing your hair become painful or difficult, it's time to seek help. #### Lack of Improvement If symptoms persist despite rest or self-care measures, it's wise to consult a specialist. Your hands play a vital role in daily activities, making it crucial to address any issues affecting their function promptly. **By recognizing symptoms and seeking timely care from a hand specialist,** you can embark on a journey toward better hand health and overall well-being. #### If you're experiencing hand and wrist pain keep these things in mind: - **Monitor Symptoms:** Keep an eye out for persistent pain, weakness, or numbness in your hand. - **Seek Professional Evaluation:** Don't hesitate to schedule an appointment if symptoms persist or worsen. - **Explore Non-Surgical Options:** Consider therapy, medications, or splinting as initial treatment avenues. - **Discuss Surgical Options:** If conservative treatments fail, consult your specialist about surgical options. - **Follow Through with Rehabilitation:** Commit to post-treatment rehabilitation for optimal recovery. - **Preventive Measures:** Adopt ergonomic practices and regular hand-strengthening exercises. This can help to minimize the risk of future injuries. **Categories:** Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Conditions, Hand, Wrist --- ### [How to Heal a Torn Muscle: What You Need to Know](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-to-heal-a-torn-muscle-what-you-need-to-know/) **Published:** November 1, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## How to Heal a Torn Muscle: What You Need to Know We've all been there - you're trying to stay fit, but sometimes your body protests with aches, sprains, and soreness. While these are common, there's a more serious issue to watch out for muscle tears, also known as strains. Tears and strains can happen to anyone, not just elite athletes or exercise enthusiasts. Whether you're overexerting yourself during workouts, not warming up properly, or simply having an accident, muscle tears are a possibility for all of us. In this article, we'll break down what you need to know about muscle tears and, most importantly, how to treat them if they happen to you. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 9](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-9-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 9 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What's a Muscle Tear? A torn muscle can occur when your muscle is stretched or strained beyond its limits. This can result from: - Overexertion - Improper use - Excessive wear and tear While any muscle can be affected, muscle tears are most common in the neck, shoulder, lower back, and hamstring. These tears come in different levels of severity: mild, which affects about 5% of the muscle's fibers; moderate, with up to 25%-30% damage, often accompanied by pain, swelling, and reduced range of motion; and severe, which is an actual tear in the muscle, causing extensive swelling. ## Recognizing Muscle Tear Symptoms When you tear a muscle, you'll know it right away. Expect pain, soreness, spasms, and swelling in the affected area. Depending on the severity, you may have difficulty moving the affected area, or it may even become immobile. You might also notice swelling, bruising, discoloration, and a "knotted up" feeling or stiffness. In cases of overuse, symptoms might take a while to become noticeable. However, if the strain or tear is acute and severe, like from an accident, seek immediate medical attention. Your orthopedist might order an MRI or X-ray to confirm the diagnosis and recommend the appropriate treatment. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-11-2-1024x683.jpg "Elbow Bursitis - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Muscle Tear Symptom Summary: - Pain - Soreness - Spasms - Swelling in the affected area - Difficulty moving the affected area or immobility - Swelling - Bruising or discoloration - A "knotted up" feeling or stiffness ## Recovering from Muscle Tears Muscle tears range from minor to severe. We always recommend seeking an evaluation so you can set off down the best route of recovery. For minor strains or tears, the R.I.C.E. method can be your best friend. - **R**est - **I**ce - **C**ompression - **E**levation ![male applying cold compress/pack to a his injured shoulder](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/man-applying-ice-pack-to-muscle-tear-1024x1024.jpg "male applying cold compress/pack to a his injured shoulder - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Your orthopedist may also suggest NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) to reduce swelling. Moderate muscle strains or tears can follow a similar treatment plan, but it may take longer. In some cases, physical therapy might be necessary. Severe tears that require surgery can take months or even longer to heal. In these situations, a nifty rule is: Do no H.A.R.M. - this means avoid: - **H**eat - **A**lcohol - **R**unning - **M**assage These activities can exacerbate bleeding and swelling in the muscle tear. ## Preventing Muscle Tears The good news is that, in most cases, you can prevent muscle tears. Proper warm-up techniques, using the correct form during exercise, and respecting your body's limits are crucial. There's no need to push your body to extremes; pain is not a sign of progress but rather a warning that injury is looming. Listen to your body and understand its signals. This is the best way to avoid injury and ensure long-term peak performance. ![woman stretching with senior woman](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/women-stretching-688x1024.jpg "woman stretching with senior woman - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Tips for preventing muscle strains and muscle tears: - Proper warm-up - Stretching - Correct form during exercise - Respecting your body's limits --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Think you have a muscle strain or muscle tear? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you are suffering from muscle pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- When you're on the road to recovery from a muscle injury, the right treatment plan is crucial. If You're Dealing with a torn muscle or bad strain, don't wait! Princeton Orthopaedic Associates' experienced orthopedic doctors can help you with muscle tears and all types of orthopedic injuries. Don't take unnecessary risks that could prolong your recovery; you can benefit from our doctors' decades of combined experience to receive personalized care and get back on your feet. Don't let an injury like a muscle tear hold you back. We look forward to getting you back to doing what you love! **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric **Tags:** Conditions, Muscle Tear, Muscles, Torn Muscles --- ### [Understanding Elbow Bursitis: A Comprehensive Guide](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/understanding-elbow-bursitis-a-comprehensive-guide/) **Published:** November 13, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## **Understanding Elbow Bursitis: A Comprehensive Guide** Elbow bursitis is a condition that can cause discomfort and limited mobility in the elbow joint. Below is a guide to help you understand this condition, its symptoms, when to seek help from an orthopaedic specialist, potential causes, and available treatment options. ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 50](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-50-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 50 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **What is Elbow Bursitis?** Elbow bursitis is the inflammation of the bursa, a small sac filled with fluid that cushions the bones, tendons, and muscles near the joint. In the case of the elbow, the bursa is located at the tip. ## **What Elbow Bursitis Feels Like: Symptoms of Elbow Bursitis** - **Pain:** Individuals with elbow bursitis often experience pain, which can range from mild to severe. - **Swelling:** Swelling around the tip of the elbow is a common symptom. - **Tenderness:** The affected area may be tender to the touch. - **Limited Range of Motion:** Difficulty in fully extending or flexing the elbow. - **Warmth:** The skin around the elbow may feel warm due to inflammation. ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 55](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-55-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 55 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-33-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **What Causes Elbow Bursitis** - **Repetitive Pressure:** Continuous leaning on the elbow or repeated motions can irritate the bursa. - **Trauma:** A direct blow to the elbow can lead to inflammation. - **Infection:** Bacterial infection in the bursa can cause bursitis. ## **When to Get Help for Elbow Bursitis from an Orthopaedic Specialist** It's advisable to consult with an orthopaedic specialist if: - **Pain Persists:** If elbow pain persists for more than a few days despite home care. - **Limited Mobility:** Difficulty in using the arm or performing daily activities. - **Swelling Worsens:** If swelling increases or doesn't improve with rest and ice. - **Recurrent Symptoms:** If elbow bursitis becomes a recurring issue. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Think you're suffering from elbow bursitis? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you think you may have elbow bursitis, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## **Treatment Options** for Elbow Bursitis #### *How to Care for Elbow Bursitis at Home:* - **Rest:** Avoid activities that aggravate the symptoms. - **Ice:** Applying ice packs can help reduce swelling and alleviate pain from elbow bursitis. - **Compression:** Wearing a compression bandage may provide support. - **Elevation:** Keeping the elbow elevated can minimize swelling. #### *Medical Interventions. Seek advice from an orthopaedic specialist and they can guide you with a treatment plan that may include:* - **Anti-Inflammatory Medications:** Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can alleviate pain and reduce inflammation. - **Physical Therapy:** Targeted exercises can improve strength and flexibility. - **Aspiration:** In severe cases, fluid may be drained from the bursa to relieve pressure. #### *Long-Term Outlook:* - **Varies by Severity:** Recovery time can range from weeks to several months. - **Recurrence Prevention:** Proper ergonomics and avoiding repetitive stress can prevent recurrence. - **Most Cases Resolvable:** With appropriate care, many cases of elbow bursitis can be resolved without long-term issues. Elbow bursitis is a manageable condition, and seeking timely medical advice can significantly impact the recovery process. By understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment options, individuals can take proactive steps toward a full recovery and minimize the risk of recurrence. If you experience persistent elbow pain or swelling, consulting with an orthopaedic specialist is crucial for personalized and effective care. **Categories:** Elbow **Tags:** Conditions, Elbow --- ### [Elevating Your Physical Health Through Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/elevating-your-physical-health-through-physical-therapy/) **Published:** January 11, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## A Comprehensive Look at Physical Therapy at Princeton Orthopaedics At POA, we proudly uphold the significance of specialization, delivering outstanding care through a devoted team of physical therapists and orthopaedic specialists. Our dedication reaches those in recovery from surgery, coping with chronic conditions, and reconstructing after injuries, guaranteeing tailored and exceptional care for every individual. While physical therapy is widely recognized, its complete understanding and potential benefits may only be sometimes known. Join us as we delve into a comprehensive explanation of Physical Therapy, from tracing its origins to addressing common questions. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 113](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-113-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 113 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 131](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-131-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 131 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ## Why you can trust us: - We have multiple **[Physical Therapists](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/physical-and-occupational-therapists/)** **who treat patients daily** who are recovering from surgery, battling chronic ailments and rebuilding after injuries. - The POA Physical Therapy teams know that **we serve people - not random orthopaedic conditions**. Quality of life is often tied to health . That drives us to compassionate care. - We work with our patients to achieve their goals, all while developing **custom treatment plans that fit their lives.** ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physical-therapy/) --- ## **Understanding Physical Therapy** Understanding physical therapy can help create the whole picture around why it can be instrumental in achieving optimal health. ### What is **Physical Therapy**? **Physical therapy is a vital pillar in healthcare, directed towards enhancing mobility, reducing pain, and restoring optimal function.** At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates (POA), our esteemed physical therapists specialize in various conditions, showcasing their proficiency in managing injuries, aiding surgical recovery, and addressing chronic pain ailments like arthritis. For instance, in cases of musculoskeletal injuries resulting from traumatic accidents, our physical therapists employ targeted exercises and rehabilitation techniques to facilitate recovery and enhance strength. Our team tailors comprehensive physical therapy plans for individuals undergoing post-operative rehabilitation, focusing on regaining range of motion and promoting healing. In chronic conditions such as arthritis, our therapists employ specialized interventions to manage pain, improve joint function, and enhance overall mobility. Whether the challenge is rooted in a traumatic event, a repetitive routine, or a persistent condition, our team at POA is adept at customizing physical therapy approaches to address each patient's specific needs and goals. ![Physical therapy in new jersey at Princeton Orthopedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-07-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Roots and Evolution of **Physical Therapy** Tracing its roots to the aftermath of World War I, the origin of physical therapy is deeply intertwined with the rehabilitation needs of wounded soldiers during that period. Recognizing the critical importance of restoring function and enhancing the quality of life for these veterans, physical therapy emerged as a distinct and indispensable profession. Initially referred to as "reconstruction aides," early physical therapists played a crucial role in helping injured soldiers regain mobility, reduce pain, and reintegrate into society. As the profession evolved over subsequent decades, the scope of physical therapy expanded significantly. The emphasis on rehabilitation continued beyond war-related injuries, incorporating a diverse range of conditions and patient populations. This transformation saw the emergence of specialized areas within physical therapy, with orthopaedic physical therapy standing out as a prominent discipline. **Orthopaedic physical therapy focuses on musculoskeletal disorders, injuries, and post-operative rehabilitation.** The evolution of physical therapy into a multifaceted discipline reflects its adaptability to the changing landscape of healthcare needs. Today, physical therapists are integral to healthcare teams, addressing various issues, from sports injuries and chronic pain to neurological conditions and pediatric rehabilitation. The roots planted in the rehabilitation efforts of World War I have grown into a resilient and dynamic profession. Physical therapy's journey from its early days as a response to wartime injuries to its current status as a comprehensive healthcare discipline highlights its enduring commitment to improving the lives of individuals through personalized and evidence-based interventions. The rich history of physical therapy serves as a testament to its ongoing relevance and vital role in enhancing the well-being of people across various walks of life. ## When Is Physical Therapy Used? ### ***Versatility of Physical Therapy*** Our physical therapy services at POA cover diverse scenarios, including post-surgery recovery, injury management, and chronic pain. Whether you're working on regaining strength post-surgery or looking to ease persistent discomfort, our experienced team is here to create personalized plans that suit your unique needs. ### ***Surgery Recovery with Physical Therapy*** Our physical therapists play a crucial role in aiding surgery recovery, aligning with our outcome-focused philosophy to restore mobility, strength, and function post-operatively so we can get our patients back to their normal activities. ### *Physical Therapy Instead of Surgery* If you're dealing with everyday issues like muscle and joint injuries, for some, physical therapy can provide a viable alternative to surgery, offering non-invasive interventions to enhance mobility and reduce pain. Rather than opting for surgical procedures that may involve inherent risks and longer recovery times, individuals can explore the benefits of physical therapy. Through a combination of specialized exercises, manual techniques, and personalized treatment plans, physical therapy aims to address the root causes of musculoskeletal issues. This proactive approach facilitates mobility improvement and contributes to pain reduction, allowing individuals to regain functionality without the need for invasive surgical interventions. For those who prefer a conservative and tailored approach to their healthcare, physical therapy is a compelling choice, offering a path to recovery that is both effective and minimally invasive. ***Every individual and condition is unique, and while physical therapy can be a preferred and viable option for treatment, it is not always the best course of action. At POA, our team of physicians is here to understand your specific needs and create a customized treatment plan with you.*** ### *Conditions Treated by Physical Therapy* While physical therapy has broad applications, these are some common ailments it is used as a treatment for: - Musculoskeletal injuries - Joint disorders (e.g., arthritis) - Spinal conditions (e.g., herniated discs) - Fractures and dislocations - Sports-related injuries - Tendon and ligament injuries - Surgical recovery ### *Common Physical Therapy Procedures* Learn more about some of the procedures our experts routeinly perform: - [Chronic Pain](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physiatry/chronic-pain-physical-therapy/) - [Shoulder Physical Therapy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/shoulder-physical-therapy/) - [Lower Back Physical Therapy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physical-therapy/lower-back-physical-therapy/) - [Knee Replacement Physical Therapy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/joint-care/knee-replacement-physical-therapy) - [Aquatherapy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physical-therapy/aquatheraphy/) \*not always offered visit page for more info > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* ## Understanding Why Physical Therapy Matters Physical therapy is indispensable in healthcare, offering a non-invasive and personalized approach to addressing orthopedic and musculoskeletal conditions. Its importance lies in reducing pain, promoting optimal functionality, and enhancing the overall quality of life for individuals of all ages. Physical therapy becomes a key player in helping patients regain independence and participate fully in their daily activities by focusing on prevention, rehabilitation, and performance improvement. ### **Is Physical Therapy Important?** **Physical therapy holds immense importance in promoting optimal health and function.** It plays a crucial role in preventing and treating a variety of musculoskeletal conditions, aiding in recovery after injuries or surgeries, and enhancing overall mobility. The personalized and evidence-based interventions provided by physical therapists contribute to improved strength, flexibility, and pain management, ultimately leading to a better quality of life. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 163](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-163-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 163 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### **Is Physical Therapy Necessary?** **Yes, physical therapy is often necessary, particularly in cases of injuries, chronic pain, or post-surgical recovery.** While some individuals may initially consider alternative approaches, the specialized expertise of physical therapists ensures a targeted, personalized, and effective treatment plan. By addressing the root causes of physical issues, physical therapy facilitates recovery and helps prevent future complications, making it a crucial aspect of comprehensive healthcare. ### **Does Physical Therapy Improve Quality of Life?** Absolutely! **Physical therapy is a transformative force that goes beyond addressing immediate physical concerns.** By enhancing mobility, reducing pain, and restoring functionality, physical therapy significantly contributes to an improved quality of life. It empowers individuals to regain independence in their daily activities, fostering a sense of control and confidence. Moreover, the personalized nature of physical therapy at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates extends beyond the clinic, equipping patients with tools and knowledge to sustain a healthy, active lifestyle. The positive impact of physical therapy extends to mental well-being, as the sense of accomplishment and progress often translates into a more fulfilling and enjoyable life. At POA, we witness firsthand the profound changes physical therapy can bring, reinforcing our commitment to providing exceptional care that not only heals the body but also elevates overall well-being. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 93](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-93-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 93 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from chronic pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have chronic pain without relief, [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## FAQs About Physical Therapy ### **Does Physical Therapy Hurt?** While physical therapy may involve some discomfort as you work through exercises and stretches, it should not cause excessive pain. The goal is to improve your condition, not exacerbate it. Our physical therapists closely monitor your progress and adjust treatment plans accordingly to ensure you experience a manageable level of discomfort during the rehabilitation process. ### **How Long Does Physical Therapy Treatment Take?** The duration of physical therapy varies based on the nature and severity of the condition. Some individuals may experience relief and improvement after a few sessions. In contrast, others with more complex issues may require a more extended treatment plan. Our physical therapists collaborate with you to establish realistic goals and provide a personalized estimate of the expected duration during the initial assessment. ### **What Can I Expect During Physical Therapy?** Physical therapy sessions typically begin with an assessment of your condition, followed by targeted exercises, stretches, and manual techniques designed to address specific concerns. The aim is to improve strength, flexibility, and mobility gradually. Our physical therapists will guide you through each step, ensuring you understand how to perform each exercise, the purpose of each exercise, and its relevance to your recovery. ### **Is Physical Therapy Only for Injuries and Surgery Recovery?** While physical therapy is integral for injury recovery and post-operative rehabilitation, it is not limited to these scenarios. Physical therapists at POA also specialize in managing chronic conditions such as arthritis, providing preventive strategies, and optimizing musculoskeletal function for individuals seeking to enhance their overall well-being. ### ****How Can I Benefit From Physical Therapy?**** Physical therapy provides many benefits, including improved mobility, pain reduction, enhanced strength, and a better understanding of how to prevent future issues. Our outcome-focused approach ensures that you recover from your current condition and gain valuable knowledge and tools to maintain a healthy, active lifestyle. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we understand that seeking physical therapy may raise questions and concerns. Our experienced team is dedicated to addressing these inquiries, providing transparent information, and guiding you through a tailored rehabilitation journey that aligns with your individual needs and goals. ### **What Happens If I Don't Go to Physical Therapy?** Choosing not to undergo physical therapy can have various consequences depending on the nature of the condition. Without targeted interventions, injuries may not heal optimally, leading to prolonged pain, reduced mobility, and a heightened risk of re-injury. In the case of post-surgical recovery, skipping physical therapy may result in incomplete rehabilitation, limiting the restoration of function and strength. Chronic conditions such as arthritis may worsen without physical therapy guidance, impacting overall well-being. Ultimately, neglecting physical therapy may compromise long-term outcomes and hinder the achievement of optimal physical health. Suppose you have questions or concerns about your physical therapy plan. In that case, we recommend you consult with your healthcare professionals, such as those at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, to determine the necessity of physical therapy based on individual circumstances. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 100](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-100-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 100 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 132](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-132-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 132 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 117](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-117-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 117 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Why Choose Princeton Orthopaedic Associates**? ### Extraordinary Care At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we stand out as a beacon of extraordinary care, supported by unparalleled talent, cutting-edge techniques, and state-of-the-art tools. As a community-driven practice collaborating with over 20 doctors, our commitment to providing the best possible care ensures that patients receive exceptional service. Our outcome-focused approach, coupled with personalized care and strategically located facilities, distinguishes us, reflecting our unwavering dedication to compassionate care and the enhancement of our patients' quality of life. ### Expertise of Therapists When you choose POA for physical therapy, you're selecting a team of board-certified, fellowship-trained physicians who are at the pinnacle of their field. This level of training ensures that our patients receive care from highly skilled professionals with a comprehensive understanding of orthopaedic conditions. Our physical therapists utilize evidence-based techniques, honed through extensive training, to achieve optimal outcomes. The expertise in action at POA guarantees that you're in the hands of professionals committed to providing the highest quality care for your orthopaedic needs. ### Customized Treatment Embracing a holistic approach to physical therapy, our physical therapists at POA conduct comprehensive evaluations that go beyond the surface. We consider not only the specific orthopaedic conditions but also the patient's overall health and lifestyle. This in-depth understanding allows us to craft tailored treatment plans that align with each patient's unique needs and abilities. Our primary goal is to guide individuals back to their cherished activities by restoring functionality and promoting overall well-being. At POA, our commitment to holistic care ensures that every aspect of your health is considered for a personalized and effective treatment journey. ## Meet Our Physical Therapy Team **Categories:** Physical Therapy **Tags:** Physical Therapy --- ### [Sports Medicine Specialists in NJ: POA Leading the Way](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sports-medicine-specialists-in-nj-poa-leading-the-way/) **Published:** October 23, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Sports Medicine Specialists in NJ: POA Leading the Way In the world of sports medicine, Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, with its team of [sports medicine ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/)specialists, is dedicated to ensuring that you receive the best care possible to stay at the top of your game. With eight conveniently located facilities, our orthopaedic practice is your go-to destination for comprehensive sports medicine solutions. [![Dr. Haskel - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Haskel-POA-2023-10x10-POA-e1695304854865.jpg "Dr. Haskel - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-jonathan-d-haskel/)Dr Jonathan Haskel [![](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Skeehan-POA-2023-5-post_10x10-POA.jpg "Dr. Skeehan - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-brendan-k-skeehan/)Dr Brendan Skeehan ## What is Sports Medicine? Sports medicine is a multifaceted field focused on the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of injuries and conditions associated with physical activity. Whether you're an elite athlete or a weekend enthusiast, sports medicine specialists play a crucial role in keeping you in prime condition. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we take pride in our expert team who excel in delivering specialized care for a wide range of sports-related issues. [![doctor portraits rossy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 white 02 10x10 super wide](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Portraits-Rossy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-white-02-10x10-Super-Wide-1024x1024.jpg "doctor portraits rossy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 white 02 10x10 super wide - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/william-h-rossy-md/)Dr William Rossy [![doctor portraits abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 10x10 super wide](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Portraits-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-10x10-Super-Wide-1024x1024.jpg "doctor portraits abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 10x10 super wide - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/jeffrey-s-abrams-md/)Dr Jeffrey Abrams ## Common Sports Medicine Conditions ### Sprains and Strains It's common for athletes to experience sprains (ligament injuries) and strains (muscle injuries). Our sports medicine specialists are skilled in diagnosing the severity of these injuries and providing appropriate treatment, which may include rest, physical therapy, or even surgical intervention. ### Fractures and Dislocations Broken bones and joint dislocations can sideline even the most dedicated athletes. Our team of sports medicine doctors can expertly assess these injuries, providing surgical intervention when necessary and guiding the recovery process. --- ![branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Branding-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg)## **Do** I Need a Sports Medicine Doctor? [If you suspect you have a sports medicine injury, don't hesitate to contact us and schedule an appointment. ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [We have urgent care facilities all over New Jersey for your convenience](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/). [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- ### Overuse Injuries Athletes often face overuse injuries, such as stress fractures or tendonitis. These conditions require a delicate balance of rest, physical therapy, and ergonomic adjustments. Our specialists develop personalized treatment plans to promote a full recovery. ### ACL Tears One of the most prevalent and disruptive injuries in sports is the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. This injury often requires immediate attention and specialized treatment. Our sports medicine specialists are well-versed in the diagnosis and management of ACL tears, offering both surgical and non-surgical options to restore stability and agility. [![doctor portraits moskwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 10x10 super wide](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Portraits-Moskwa-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-10x10-Super-Wide-1024x1024.jpg "doctor portraits moskwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 10x10 super wide - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/c-alexander-moskwa-jr-md/)Dr Alexander Moskwa [![doctor portraits gecha princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 10x10 super wide](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Portraits-Gecha-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-10x10-Super-Wide-1024x1024.jpg "doctor portraits gecha princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 10x10 super wide - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/steven-r-gecha-md/)Dr Steven Gecha ### Hamstring Injuries Hamstring injuries can be debilitating for athletes. These issues can range from minor strains to more severe tears. Our team of sports medicine doctors at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is skilled in assessing the extent of hamstring injuries and formulating customized treatment plans, which may include physical therapy, rest, or, in certain cases, surgical intervention. ### Meniscus Tears Meniscus tears are a common injury among athletes, affecting the cartilage in the knee joint. Our sports medicine specialists are adept at diagnosing and treating meniscus tears, utilizing both arthroscopic procedures and non-surgical interventions to restore knee health. [![Dr. Prodromo - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Prodromo-POA-2023-30-post_10x10-POA-e1695305054123.jpg "Dr. Prodromo - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/john-p-prodromo-md/)Dr John Prodromo [![doctor portraits song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 10x10 super wide](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Portraits-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-10x10-Super-Wide-1024x1024.jpg "doctor portraits song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 10x10 super wide - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/frederick-s-song-md/)Dr Frederick Song ## Princeton Orthopaedic Associates for Sports Medicine Doctors With our eight convenient locations, POA offers you easy access to leading sports medicine specialists in New Jersey. We understand the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to sports medicine, which is why our team collaborates with physical therapists and other healthcare professionals to provide holistic care. What sets us apart is our commitment to staying at the forefront of medical advancements. Our sports medicine specialists are trained in the latest surgical techniques and non-invasive treatments, ensuring that you receive the highest standard of care. Our sports medicine doctors work with individuals to maximize function and minimize disability and time away from sports, work, or school. That means our patients can get back to doing what they love to do — faster. **Categories:** News, Sports Medicine, Uncategorized **Tags:** Sports Medicine --- ### [Decoding a Torn Rotator Cuff: Recognizing Symptoms and Taking Action](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/symptoms-of-a-torn-rotator-cuff/) **Published:** November 16, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Decoding a Torn Rotator Cuff: Recognizing Symptoms and Taking Action Shoulder discomfort is a prevalent issue, especially as we age or engage in activities that strain our joints. Among the potential culprits is the rotator cuff—a group of muscles and tendons crucial for shoulder mobility and stability. Let's explore what the rotator cuff is, its location, functions, and, most importantly, the symptoms of a torn rotator cuff. ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-20-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 38](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-38-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 38 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 67](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-67-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 67 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Moscwa-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Moscwa-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What is a Rotator Cuff? A rotator cuff isn't a fancy gym gadget but a group of four muscles and tendons forming a crucial "cuff" around the shoulder joint. These muscles—the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis—facilitate arm movements, allowing us to reach overhead, rotate our arms, and perform everyday tasks. ## Where is the Rotator Cuff? Imagine the shoulder as a ball-and-socket joint where the upper arm bone's head fits into a shallow socket in the shoulder blade. The rotator cuff envelops this joint, ensuring stability and smooth movement. ## Functions of the Rotator Cuff: This dynamic team player stabilizes the shoulder joint, assists in arm movement, and maintains joint integrity. Essentially, it's the unsung hero behind activities like throwing a ball, swinging a racket, or lifting groceries. ![candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Moscwa-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-07-1024x683.jpg "candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-39-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Symptoms of a Torn Rotator Cuff: To recognize if your rotator cuff is signaling distress, watch out for these symptoms: 1. **Pain and Weakness:** Persistent pain, especially when lifting or lowering your arm, may indicate a torn rotator cuff. Arm weakness, especially during lifting, is also noteworthy. 2. **Difficulty Sleeping:** Trouble finding a comfortable sleeping position due to shoulder pain is a common complaint and warrants attention. 3. **Cracking or Popping Sounds:** Unusual sounds during shoulder movement, like cracking or popping, could signify a torn rotator cuff, especially if consistent. 4. **Limited Range of Motion:** A decrease in your ability to move your arm freely or stiffness may be linked to a torn rotator cuff. ## When to Seek Medical Attention: Ignoring these symptoms may lead to more significant problems. If you're experiencing persistent shoulder pain or noticing any of the symptoms mentioned, consider visiting an orthopedic specialist. Early intervention can prevent further damage and improve your chances of a full recovery. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) Your shoulders deserve attention. Understanding the symptoms of a torn rotator cuff empowers you to take charge of your shoulder health. Listen to your body, don't ignore those aches, and consult a medical professional for guidance. Our dedicated specialists are here to help; your shoulders will thank you! **Categories:** Shoulder **Tags:** Conditions, Shoulder --- ### [What is the Piriformis Muscle? A Guide to Understanding Function, Impact, and Remedies](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-the-piriformis-muscle-a-guide-to-understanding-function-impact-and-remedies/) **Published:** December 5, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 107](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-107-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 107 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Is The Piriformis Muscle? The human body is an intricate network of muscles, each with its unique role in facilitating daily movements. While some muscles garner widespread recognition, others operate discreetly yet wield substantial influence over our well-being. The piriformis muscle is an inconspicuous yet pivotal player, nestled deep within the buttock region. This article aims to unravel the enigma surrounding the piriformis, shedding light on its anatomy, function, and profound implications for conditions such as sciatica. Additionally, we delve into a comprehensive array of stretches designed to alleviate pain associated with the piriformis, recognizing the importance of addressing symptoms and the root cause. ## Where Is The Piriformis? The piriformis muscle, often overlooked in the grand tapestry of human anatomy, assumes a crucial role in our musculoskeletal system. The piriformis extends from the sacrum, the triangular bone just below the lumbar vertebrae at the base of the spine just above the tailbone, to the greater trochanter of the femur, the bony prominence at the hip joint. With its unique oblique orientation, this muscle enables pivotal movements—facilitating the outward rotation of the hip joint, abduction of the thigh, and, crucially, covering the sciatic nerve. ## What Does The Piriformis Do? The primary function of the piriformis is to contribute to the rotation of the thigh at the hip joint. This seemingly modest action plays a profound role in the execution of daily activities, from walking to more complex movements like climbing stairs or pivoting during sports. Beyond its role in the hip rotation, the piriformis stands guard over the sciatic nerve, serving as a protective shield for this extensive nerve pathway. ![doctor with human spine anatomy model.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/human-spine-model-piriformis-1024x683.jpg "doctor with human spine anatomy model. spinal cord disorder and - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![man with hands on back because he is suffering back pain](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/man-with-back-pain-from-piroformis-muscle-1024x683.jpg "Man suffering from back pain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Piriformis and Sciatica: Unraveling the Connection The intricate interplay between the piriformis muscle and the sciatic nerve introduces a potential source of discomfort and pain—sciatica. Sciatica manifests when the sciatic nerve, the longest nerve in the body, becomes compressed or irritated. While various factors can contribute to sciatica, the piriformis is notable in this narrative. ## Sciatica The Agony of Nerve Compression When the piriformis muscle tightens or spasms, it can exert pressure on the sciatic nerve, creating sciatica's distinctive pain and discomfort. This compression typically manifests as pain radiating from the lower back through the buttocks and down the back of the leg. The intensity of the pain can vary, ranging from a dull ache to sharp, debilitating sensations. ## Impact of Daily Life on Sciatic Nerve Compression Day-to-day movements and activities can exacerbate the compression the piriformis muscle causes to the sciatic nerve. Prolonged periods of sitting, abrupt changes in position, or activities involving repetitive hip joint movements may contribute to increased pressure on the sciatic nerve. The result is often numbness, tingling, and acute pain that can persist for varying durations, making routine activities such as sitting or changing positions anywhere from uncomfortable to a formidable challenge. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from back pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have back pain or sciatic nerve issues, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## How To Stretch The Piriformis Muscle Recognizing the pivotal role of the piriformis in sciatic nerve compression, addressing the associated discomfort requires a targeted and holistic approach. Stretching exercises tailored to the piriformis can be valuable in alleviating pain, promoting flexibility, and preventing recurrence. Below, we present a comprehensive guide to ten powerful piriformis stretches, each designed to target specific aspects of the muscle and provide relief from sciatica. **Simple Seated Stretch:** - Sit in a chair and cross the sore leg over the knee of the other leg. - Maintain a straight spine and gently bend forward. - Hold the position for approximately 30 seconds. - Repeat the stretch with the other leg. ![poa physical therapy flier replacement shoot 46](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/POA-physical-therapy-flier-replacement-shoot-46-edited-scaled.jpg "poa physical therapy flier replacement shoot 46 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Standing Piriformis Stretch:** - Stand with the back against a wall for additional support if needed. - Place the leg causing pain over the knee of the other leg, forming a "4" shape. - Lower the hips at a 45-degree angle while bending forward. - Reach arms down to the ground, keeping the spine straight. - After holding the stretch for 30-60 seconds, switch legs. **Supine Piriformis Stretch:** - Lie down and bend the knees upwards. - Cross the affected leg over the opposite leg, bending it toward the chest. - Grab the knee with your hands, pulling the bent leg across the body. - Hold the stretch for 30 -60 seconds, then release. ![people making yoga in supine pigeon pose outdoors](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/supine-piriformis-stretchjpg-1024x683.jpg "people making yoga in supine pigeon pose outdoors - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Outer Hip Piriformis Stretch:** - Lie on your back, bending the sore leg upward with the foot close to the back of the other knee. - Tuck the foot behind that knee and twist the leg to the opposite side. - Place the hand on the opposite knee and raise the opposite arm. - Hold for 20 seconds and switch legs. - Follow up with a recovery stretch by lying on your back, bending both knees together, and gently pulling them toward your chest. **Hip Extension:** - Get on all fours, ensuring your hands align with your shoulders. - Bend your knee and raise the affected leg upward toward the ceiling. - Slowly lower your leg until it's almost touching the ground. - Repeat this motion 15 times. **Supine Piriformis Side Stretch:** - Lie on the ground with legs flat and back straight. - Bend the knees so the feet are rested flat. - Use both hands to pull the affected leg up, crossing your ankle over the opposite knee. - Slowly pull the knee up and across toward your opposite armpit. - Maintain the position for 30 seconds, return to the starting position, and switch legs. - Repeat the process 2-3 times. **Glute Stretch:** - Get on all fours, bring the affected leg underneath, and stretch the non-affected leg. - Hold for 30 seconds, and return slowly. Repeat 2-3 times. ![poa physical therapy flier replacement shoot 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/POA-physical-therapy-flier-replacement-shoot-26-1024x683.jpg "poa physical therapy flier replacement shoot 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Short Adductor Stretch:** - Sit on the ground with the bottoms of your feet together in front of you - Hold your ankles with the opposite hands and gently push downward with your knees, making sure to stop before any pain occurs. - Hold for 30 seconds, release and relax, and then flutter your legs in that position for 30 seconds. - To achieve a deeper stretch, you can bend your torso forward or push your knees down with your elbows, maintaining a straight back. **Side Lying Clam:** - Lie on a comfortable and stable surface on the side of your body opposite the pain. - Keeping your feet one over the other, bend your legs back to create an "L" shape. - Keep your feet together, and lift the top knee while maintaining the original position. - Slowly bring your knee back to the initial position. - Repeat this sequence 15 times. **Long Adductor Stretch:** - Sit on the floor, legs stretched straight out and spread as far apart as possible. - Place hands on the floor, angling the torso forward. - Lean forward and rest your elbows on the ground. - Hold the position for 10-20 seconds. While home remedies can alleviate pain, they may not address the root cause. A comprehensive orthopedic exam can identify the source of pain, provide symptom relief, and establish a personalized treatment plan for lasting results. Our highly-trained orthopaedic surgeons look forward to helping you get back to the things you love. [Call us today](tel:+16099248131) to schedule with one of our specialists. **Categories:** Spine **Tags:** Back Pain, Conditions, Spine --- ### [What is The Kidner Procedure - Lasting Foot Pain Relief](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-the-kidner-procedure-lasting-foot-pain-relief/) **Published:** December 13, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Understanding the Foot and the Kidner Procedure Before we get into the Kidner Procedure, it's important to give a little background on the foot anatomy itself. ### The Basic Anatomy of the Foot To appreciate the importance of the accessory navicular, let's delve into the basics of foot anatomy. Our feet are made up of three main types of bones: tarsals at the back, metatarsals in the middle, and phalanges, which are the toe bones. Among the tarsals, there are usually seven bones, including the navicular. This bone sits between the ankle bone and the smaller tarsal bones, forming a crucial part of our foot structure. Understanding this basic foot anatomy sets the stage for grasping the role of the accessory navicular in our overall foot health. ![A colorful image of a foot from the lower shin to the toes. The image has all the colors of the rainbow and looks pen drawn.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-1024x683.jpg "Colorful drawing of the foot - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### What's an Accessory Navicular? The human foot is a complex structure composed of various bones, and anomalies can sometimes occur, leading to discomfort and pain. One such condition involves the presence of an accessory navicular. The accessory navicular is an additional bone that can be found along the inner center arch of the foot. **Approximately 2.5 percent of individuals are born with this extra bone,** though it often goes unnoticed during early childhood. While not all accessory navicular bones cause discomfort, as individuals grow and engage in physical activities, the accessory navicular may become more prominent, potentially causing discomfort or other foot-related issues, particularly during activities such as walking or engaging in sports. In some cases, medical attention may be required to address any symptoms or complications associated with this anatomical variation. In this article, we will delve into the intricacies of the accessory navicular and explore the **Kidner Procedure, a surgical solution designed to alleviate the associated discomfort.** --- ## Why you can trust us: - We believe in the power of specialization. What that means is that we have **multiple orthopaedic ankle and foot specialists who treat foot and ankle orthopaedic injuries daily.** - We have **Ankle and Foot Physical Therapy** - our orthopaedic ankle and foot team sees it every week, so *you can trust the care you'll receive at POA*. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/) --- ## Meet Our Specialists ## What Does it Feel Like to Have an Issue With an Accessory Navicular Having this extra foot bone commonly goes noticed. So how can you tell if your foot pain may be related to an accessory navicular? Below is a list of the symptoms you could be experiencing and a list of at-home treatments you can use to try to reduce your discomfort while you wait to see a foot specialist. ### Symptoms That Could Mean You Have an Accessory Navicular - Persistent pain or discomfort along the inner arch of the foot - Swelling or tenderness in the affected area - Difficulty wearing certain types of shoes due to irritation - Pain exacerbated by physical activities or prolonged periods of standing - Visible prominence or bump on the inner side of the foot - Limited range of motion in the affected foot - Redness or warmth around the accessory navicular site - Gradual onset of symptoms, which may become more pronounced over time - Discomfort that may interfere with daily activities and physical pursuits - Potential development of flat feet or changes in foot arch structure ### How to Reduce Irritation From an Accessory Navicular **Rest:** Give your foot a break and avoid activities that exacerbate the pain. **Ice:** Apply ice to the affected area for short periods to help reduce inflammation. **Elevation:** Elevate your foot when resting to minimize swelling. **Over-the-Counter Pain Medications:** Non-prescription pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen may help manage pain. **Supportive Footwear/Orthotics:** To reduce pressure on the accessory navicular, wear shoes with good arch support and cushioning. Consider over-the-counter or custom orthotic inserts to provide additional support and alleviate discomfort. ****Modify Activities**:** Steer clear of high-impact activities that strain the feet excessively, such as running or jumping. Adjust your daily activities to minimize standing or walking for extended periods until you can consult with a specialist. ## Why Does an Extra Foot Bone Cause Pain? When you have an accessory navicular, it can sometimes cause trouble for a tendon in your foot called the posterior tibial tendon. This tendon helps support your arch and foot movement. But with the extra bone hanging around, it might rub against the tendon, causing irritation and, over time, persistent pain. This kind of discomfort can really mess with your day-to-day activities and make it harder to enjoy physical stuff like walking or playing sports. So, it's not just a small thing – it can genuinely affect how you go about your daily routine and stay active. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from foot pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have foot pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ## What is the Kidner Procedure - A Solution for Pain Relief If you're dealing with pain because of that extra bone in your foot (the accessory navicular), there's a solution called the **Kidner Procedure** that can really help. This is a surgical fix that focuses on getting rid of the extra bone, which, in turn, can ease the pain you've been feeling. By taking out that pesky extra bit, the procedure aims to bring relief and let you get back to using your foot the way you're used to. It's like a key to kick that discomfort out and help you regain your normal foot function. ## The Surgical Process ### What is The Kidner Procedure? The Kidner Procedure is a surgical procedure that begins by separating the accessory navicular from the posterior tibial tendon. After successfully isolating the extra bone, the surgeon proceeds to remove it from the foot altogether. Once the accessory navicular has been excised, the posterior tibial tendon is reattached to the appropriate navicular bone, restoring the structural integrity of the foot. ### How is The Kidner Procedure Done? To perform this procedure, the surgeon typically makes a small incision on the side of the foot, ensuring precision and minimal disruption. This incision serves as the gateway for the surgical maneuvers. After the entire procedure is completed, the incision is carefully closed with stitches, allowing for proper healing. It's a meticulous process aimed at addressing the root cause of the discomfort and ensuring that the foot can heal and function optimally after the surgery. ## Recovery & Rehabilitation ### What to Expect After The Kidner Procedure After the Kidner Procedure, the road to recovery usually takes about six weeks. During this time, it's common for patients to rely on crutches to take the weight off their healing foot. This initial phase is super important because it gives your foot the time it needs to heal up properly. As the recovery moves along, you should start feeling a lot better, with a noticeable drop in the pain that the accessory navicular was causing. It's like hitting the reset button on your foot troubles, and by the end of those six weeks, you'll likely be well on your way to walking and moving around more comfortably. ![crutches after kinder procedure](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/crutches-after-kinder-procedure-1024x684.jpg "crutches after kinder procedure - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") The Kidner Procedure stands as a beacon of hope for individuals grappling with persistent foot pain attributed to the accessory navicular. By understanding the intricacies of this condition and the surgical solution offered by the Kidner Procedure, individuals can make informed decisions about their healthcare, seeking lasting relief and an improved quality of life. If you think you are potentially suffering discomfort from an extra foot bone and want to consult with our specialists, you can [send us a message online](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/), call us: [(609) 924-8131](tel:+16099248131), or text us: [(609) 293-2816](sms:+16092932816); We are here to help you get back on your feet. ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Categories:** Tibia, Ankle, & Foot **Tags:** Foot, Procedures --- ### [Sprain vs Strain: What’s the difference?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sprain-vs-strain-whats-the-difference/) **Published:** February 15, 2024 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Often Interchanged, but Not the Same; What Is a Sprain and What Is a Strain? Muscle strains, often colloquially dubbed "pulled muscles," and muscle sprains represent common but often misunderstood injuries. While muscle strain and sprain are often used interchangeably, they are quite different. Read on as we delve into the intricacies of muscle strains and sprains, shedding light on their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and optimal treatment strategies. If you are concerned that you have a muscle sprain or strain, we recommend [contacting us to schedule an appointment](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) with one of our specialists or visiting one of [our urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/). ![candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Moscwa-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-37-1024x683.jpg "candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ## Why you can trust us: - POA has a dedicated team of [Sports Medicine](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/) doctors with years of experience and specialized training. - Our Sports Medicine Specialists work with individuals to maximize function and minimize disability and time away from sports, work, or school. That means our patients can get back to doing what they love to do — faster. - We have a team of [Physical Therapists](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physical-therapy/) and orthopaedic specialists who treat injuries, surgery, or chronic pain issues on a daily basis. ### Want to know more? Visit our [website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/) --- # Understanding Muscle Sprains and Muscle Strains: An Overview ## What are Sprains **A muscle sprain occurs when the ligaments, which are tough bands of fibrous tissue responsible for stabilizing joints, are stretched or torn.** Muscle sprains are frequently observed in joints throughout the body. This injury typically results from sudden or forceful movements that push a joint beyond its normal range of motion, such as twisting, turning, or landing awkwardly. The primary cause of muscle sprains is the application of excessive force or stress on the ligaments, leading to overstretching or tearing. Factors predisposing individuals to muscle sprains include poor flexibility, inadequate warm-up before physical activity, muscle weakness or imbalance, fatigue, and engaging in sports or activities involving rapid changes in direction or sudden stops. Additionally, environmental factors such as slippery surfaces or uneven terrain can increase the risk of falls or accidents that may result in muscle sprains. Understanding these predisposing factors can help individuals take preventive measures, such as incorporating proper warm-up routines, strength training, and flexibility exercises, to reduce the risk of muscle sprains and maintain overall musculoskeletal health. ![muscle sprain akle](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Muscle-Sprain-Akle-1024x1024.png "muscle sprain akle - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![muscle sprain knee](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Muscle-Sprain-Knee-1024x1024.png "muscle sprain knee - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![muscle sprain wrist](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Muscle-Sprain-Wrist-1024x1024.png "muscle sprain wrist - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Muscle sprains are frequently observed in joints throughout the body, particularly those that undergo repetitive or forceful movements. Some common areas where muscle sprains occur include: **Ankles:** Ankle sprains are among the most common types of sprains, often resulting from activities such as running, jumping, or landing on uneven surfaces. **Knees:** Sprains of the ligaments surrounding the knee joint can occur due to sudden twisting movements or direct impact, commonly seen in sports like basketball, soccer, or skiing. **Wrists:** Wrist sprains may occur from falls onto outstretched hands or during activities that involve repetitive wrist movements, such as gymnastics or racquet sports. **Shoulders:** Shoulder sprains can happen as a result of sudden movements or trauma, particularly during activities involving overhead motions like swimming or weightlifting. **Elbows:** Elbow sprains can occur from sudden impact or overextension, often seen in contact sports like football or martial arts. **Back:** Sprains of the muscles and ligaments in the back can result from improper lifting techniques, sudden movements, or poor posture, leading to strains and sprains. **Neck:** Neck sprains may occur from sudden movements or whiplash injuries, commonly associated with car accidents or contact sports. ## What are Muscle Strains **Muscle strains occur when a muscle is stretched beyond its normal range,** resulting in partial or complete tears. These injuries are frequently observed in muscles that span two joints and are prevalent during explosive actions like sprinting or sudden increases in exercise intensity, such as during training camps. To comprehend muscle strains, it's essential to grasp the mechanics behind them. These injuries typically arise from overstretching a muscle, causing tearing. The most common sites for these tears are at the junction between the muscle and the tendon, but they can also occur within the muscle or at the tendon-bone attachment points. Muscles, often called the body's building blocks, rely on tendon attachments for movement. Activities demanding explosive movements, like squats or rapid changes in direction, can lead to excessive force, tearing the connective tissue. The quadriceps and hamstrings, crucial players involving multiple joints, are particularly prone to these injuries. Several factors can predispose individuals to muscle strains, including age, prior muscle injuries, inflexibility, muscle weakness, and fatigue. ![muscle strain neck](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Muscle-Strain-Neck-1024x1024.png "muscle strain neck - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![muscle strain shoulder](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Muscle-Strain-Shoulder-1024x1024.png "muscle strain shoulder - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![muscle strain back](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Muscle-Strain-Back-1024x1024.png "muscle strain back - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Muscle strains, also known as pulled muscles, can occur in various parts of the body where muscles are present. Some common areas where muscle strains frequently occur include: **Hamstrings:** Strains in the hamstring muscles, located at the back of the thigh, are quite common, especially among athletes involved in activities like running, sprinting, or jumping. **Quadriceps:** The muscles at the front of the thigh, known as the quadriceps, are susceptible to strains, particularly during activities that involve kicking, squatting, or sudden acceleration. **Calves:** The muscles in the lower leg, including the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, are prone to strains, often seen in activities such as running, jumping, or rapid changes in direction. **Groin:** The muscles of the groin area, including the adductor muscles, can be strained during activities that involve sudden changes in direction, twisting movements, or kicking motions. **Lower Back:** Strains in the muscles of the lower back are common, often resulting from lifting heavy objects with improper form, sudden movements, or prolonged poor posture. **Shoulders:** The muscles around the shoulders, including the deltoids and rotator cuff muscles, can experience strains due to repetitive overhead motions, lifting heavy objects, or sudden impacts. **Neck:** Strains in the neck muscles can occur due to poor posture, sudden movements, or overuse, leading to symptoms such as stiffness, pain, and limited range of motion. **Forearms:** Muscles in the forearm, such as the flexor and extensor muscles, can be strained from repetitive gripping, lifting, or twisting motions, commonly seen in activities like weightlifting or racket sports. In summary, while **both muscle strains and muscle sprains involve damage to soft tissues within the body, a muscle strain refers explicitly to an injury to the muscle fibers themselves, while a muscle sprain involves damage to the ligaments that support and stabilize joints.** Understanding the differences between these two types of injuries can help individuals seek appropriate treatment and rehabilitation to facilitate recovery and prevent further damage. ## What is a Sprain? **A muscle sprain** occurs when the ligaments, bands of fibrous tissue that connect the bones, are stretched or torn. Ligaments are responsible for stabilizing joints and preventing excessive movement. ## What is a Strain? **A muscle strain** occurs when the muscle fibers are overstretched or torn, typically as a result of sudden or excessive force. This injury affects the muscle tissue itself. ## Symptoms of a Sprain S**ymptoms of a muscle sprain** may include pain, swelling, bruising, instability in the affected joint, as well as difficulty bearing weight on the injury. ## Symptoms of a Strain Common **symptoms of a muscle strain** include pain, swelling, muscle spasms, weakness, and reduced range of motion - difficulty moving the affected muscle or joint. ## Causes of a Muscle Sprain **Muscle sprains** typically occur as a result of sudden or forceful movements that push a joint beyond its normal range of motion. An example would be twisting or landing awkwardly. ## Causes of a Muscle Strain **Muscle strains** can be caused by activities such as lifting heavy objects, sudden movements, or overexertion during physical activity. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) # Treatment for Muscle Sprains and Muscle Strains ## Diagnosis of a Muscle Sprain or Muscle Strain Muscle sprains and muscle strains are typically diagnosed through similar methods. Both involve a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes imaging. ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Medical History:** The healthcare provider will begin by asking about the individual's symptoms, including the location and severity of the pain, when the pain started, any recent physical activities or injuries, and any previous history of similar symptoms. **Physical Examination:** A thorough physical examination assesses the affected area. The healthcare provider will palpate the area to identify areas of tenderness, swelling, or deformity. They may also assess the range of motion of the affected muscle or joint and look for signs of weakness or instability. Specific tests may be performed to evaluate the integrity of the ligaments surrounding the joint and assess for signs of ligamentous injury. **Functional Tests:** Functional tests may be performed to evaluate the individual's ability to perform specific movements or activities related to their injury. These tests help assess the extent of functional impairment and guide treatment planning. For example, in the case of an ankle sprain, functional tests such as the anterior drawer test or talar tilt test may be performed to assess stability and identify ligamentous laxity. **Imaging:** In some cases, imaging studies may be ordered to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of the injury. While imaging is not always necessary for diagnosing muscle sprains, it may be recommended if the healthcare provider suspects a more severe injury or if symptoms persist despite conservative management. Common imaging modalities that may be used to evaluate muscle sprains or muscle strains include: - **Ultrasound:** For muscle strains, ultrasound imaging can provide real-time visualization of the affected muscle and surrounding tissues, helping identify areas of inflammation, tears, or other abnormalities. - **MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging):** MRI scans can provide detailed images of the soft tissues, including muscles, tendons, and ligaments, allowing for the visualization of muscle tears, edema, or other structural abnormalities. MRI is often the imaging modality of choice for evaluating the severity of muscle sprains and identifying associated injuries. - **X-ray:** X-rays may be ordered to rule out other potential causes of pain or discomfort, such as fractures or joint abnormalities. While X-rays do not typically show soft tissue injuries like muscle sprains, they can help identify fractures or dislocations that may be present alongside the sprain. ## Treatment for a Muscle Sprain vs Muscle Strain - **Rest:** Avoiding activities that aggravate the injury helps prevent further damage and promotes healing. For muscle strains, avoiding activities that exacerbate the strain allows the muscle fibers to heal. - **Ice:** Applying ice packs to the affected area for 15-20 minutes several times a day helps reduce pain and inflammation. - **Compression:** Wrapping the injured area with an elastic bandage or compression sleeve helps minimize swelling and provides support. - **Elevation:** Elevating the injured limb above heart level when possible helps reduce swelling and promote fluid drainage. - **Pain Relief:** Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help alleviate pain and discomfort. ### **Additional Treatment for Muscle Sprains:** - **Immobilization:** In more severe cases, using a brace, splint, or sling to immobilize the injured joint or limb may be necessary to allow for proper healing. - **Physical Therapy:** Once pain and swelling have subsided, physical therapy exercises and stretching techniques can help restore strength, flexibility, and range of motion. - **Gradual Return to Activity:** Gradually reintroducing physical activity and sports participation under the guidance of a healthcare provider or physical therapist helps prevent reinjury. ### **Additional Treatment for Muscle Strains:** - **Stretching:** Gentle stretching exercises can help promote flexibility and range of motion in the affected muscle once pain subsides. - **Strengthening Exercises:** Gradually incorporating strengthening exercises targeting the affected muscle helps promote healing and prevent future strains. - **Heat Therapy:** After the acute phase, applying heat to the injured area can help increase blood flow and promote relaxation of the muscle. - **Massage Therapy:** Massage techniques such as gentle stroking or deep tissue massage may help relieve muscle tension and promote healing. # Meet our Sports Medicine Team Understanding the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for muscle strains is crucial for athletes and individuals. Combining medical knowledge with effective rehabilitation strategies can enhance recovery outcomes and reduce the risk of future injuries. If you're experiencing symptoms or have concerns about muscle strains or sprains, let our team of experts at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates help you navigate your injury and get you back on your feet! You can [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) to schedule an appointment. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Physical Therapy, Sports Medicine **Tags:** Conditions, Sports Medicine --- ### [Unlocking the Essentials of Turf Toe Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/unlocking-the-essentials-of-turf-toe-causes-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment-and-prevention/) **Published:** December 11, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## ![A Princeton Orthopaedic Associates doctor examining a patients foot. Image shows lower half of Dr in white doctor's coat holding a bare foot of a patient wearing white pants sitting on an exam table. Leg visible from the knee down.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-14-1024x683.jpg "Foot Specialists - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What is Turf Toe? Turf toe, a prevalent injury plaguing athletes engaged in dynamic sports like football, soccer, and basketball, arises from the hyperextension of ligaments around the big toe joint, particularly on unforgiving surfaces such as artificial turf or hard grounds. This comprehensive guide navigates through the intricacies of turf toe, elucidating its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and preventive measures. As we unravel the nuances of this common athletic ailment, athletes and sports enthusiasts will gain valuable insights into understanding, managing, and, importantly, preventing turf toe for an uninterrupted and active sporting lifestyle. **We will guide you through the intricacies of turf toe, covering its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and preventive measures.** --- Why you can trust us: - We believe in the power of specialization. What that means is that we have **multiple orthopaedic ankle and foot specialists who treat foot and ankle orthopaedic injuries daily.** - We have **Ankle and Foot Physical Therapy**- our orthopaedic ankle and foot team sees it every week, so *you can trust the care you'll receive at POA*. Want to know more? [Visit our website.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/) --- ## Meet our Podiatrists ## Understanding Turf Toe ![Patient sitting on exam table on the left with Dr. Levine, Foot & Ankle Specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates examines a patient's foot. ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Levine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### What is **Turf Toe**? Turf toe transpires when the big toe joint undergoes forceful hyperextension, causing ligaments to stretch or tear. - Athletes engaging in sports featuring sudden movements, stops, and turns are especially prone to this injury, impacting the plantar plate beneath the big toe. - Symptoms include pain, swelling, bruising, and instability at the base of the big toe, making walking and bending challenging. ### Causes of **Turf Toe** Understanding what causes turf toe is crucial for athletes. - It results from intense, abrupt motions, such as forceful upward heel movement beyond designed limits during activities like quick turns, stops, and running. - The toes and ankles endure immense pressure, leading to overstretching or tearing of the plantar plate. ### Symptoms of **Turf Toe** Recognizing turf toe symptoms aids in timely intervention. Common signs encompass: - Pain on hard surfaces - Swelling - Bruising - Instability at the big toe's base - Decreased toe movement - Difficulty bearing weight on the affected foot. ### Diagnosis of **Turf Toe** Accurate diagnosis ensures effective treatment. Our physicians conduct a detailed consultation, which may include the following: - A physical examination - Order imaging tests, including X-rays or MRIs, to assess the injury's severity - A personalized and comprehensive treatment plan for your condition and goals ![A patient sits on the left and Dr. Hasan, podiatrist at POA, examines his foot on the right side of the image.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-6-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Hasan - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Meet Our Specialists > > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* ## Turf Toe Treatment ### Effective turf toe treatment involves a multi-faceted approach - **Rest and Ice Therapy**: Resting the foot and applying ice to alleviate inflammation. - **Compression and Elevation**: Using compression bandages for swelling and elevating the foot. - **Pain Medications**: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) provide pain relief. - **Footwear and Orthotic Inserts**: Wearing stiff-soled shoes with orthotic inserts reduces strain. - **Surgery (in severe cases)**: Surgical intervention may be considered for significant injuries. ### Preventing Turf Toe While prevention can be challenging, athletes can minimize risks by: - Regular Stretching Incorporating pre-exercise stretches. - Building Foot Strength Strengthening foot muscles to enhance resilience. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from turf toe?? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have foot pain or turf toe issues, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- ### **In Conclusion** Turf toe, a common injury with roots in forceful athletic movements, demands prompt attention. Employing rest, ice therapy, compression, and elevation can mitigate symptoms. Additionally, wearing appropriate footwear and engaging in muscle-strengthening activities are crucial for prevention. If you suspect turf toe, consult with the experts at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates for precise diagnosis and tailored treatment plans. Discover relief and regain your active lifestyle with our dedicated team. > Learn more about foot and ankle issues: → Our [Foot & Ankle](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/) Team → Our [Podiatrists](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/podiatry/) > “We are active members in the community, so it is not uncommon for us to see our patients at the grocery store, at school meetings, or in the gym. We take pride in serving them, because when we do, we know we’re doing our part to take care of our community.” > - Dr. Jon Ark **Categories:** Tibia, Ankle, & Foot **Tags:** Foot, Podiatry, Turf Toe --- ### [How Neck Pain and Back Pain Are Related](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-neck-pain-and-back-pain-are-related/) **Published:** November 22, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Neck and back pain are closely interconnected due to the continuous structure of the spine and the shared nervous system. The spine extends from the base of the skull (forming the neck or the cervical spine) down to the lower back (the lumbar spine). Both regions share common functions and mechanisms, such as support, movement, and spinal cord protection. **Content:** ## How Are Neck and Back Pain Related? Neck and back pain are closely interconnected due to the continuous structure of the spine and the shared nervous system. The spine extends from the base of the skull (forming the neck or the cervical spine) down to the lower back (the lumbar spine). Both regions share common functions and mechanisms, such as support, movement, and spinal cord protection. ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-cropped-03-e1637689964366-1024x299.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Neck and Back Pain are often related in the following ways:** ## **Referred Pain**: [Referred pain (read more)](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-referred-pain-and-how-can-you-treat-it/), or referring pain, is a scenario where discomfort is felt away from its actual source due to the interconnectedness of nerve pathways. A problem in the neck may cause pain in the back and vice versa. ## **Postural Strain:** A poor posture for a long time can cause muscle strain in your neck and back. Bad posture can lead to ongoing discomfort in those areas. ## **Degenerative Diseases:** Conditions such as [osteoarthritis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/osteoarthritis/) or [degenerative disc disease](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/degenerative-disc-disease/) can affect multiple spine sections, leading to neck and back pain. ## **Trauma or Injury:** A traumatic event or injury can simultaneously impact multiple spinal regions, leading to neck and back pain. ## **Nerve Compression:** Compression or irritation of nerves in one part of the spine can cause pain or symptoms in another part. For example, a herniated disc in the neck might result in pain radiating down to the back. Furthermore, pain signals from the neck or back can be transmitted through the same nerve pathways, often leading to 'referred pain,' where discomfort is felt in a different area from its source. Thus, a problem in the neck can cause symptoms in the back and vice versa. For instance, poor posture can strain muscles in both regions over time, leading to chronic pain. Understanding this relationship is crucial for effective treatment and recovery. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 9](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-9-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 9 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 4](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-4-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 4 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 8](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-8-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 8 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Common Causes of Neck Pain Living with relentless neck or shoulder pain can drastically disrupt your everyday life. Understanding the source of your pain can often be a challenge, given the intricate connection between the neck and shoulder via shared nerve pathways. This relationship can result in 'referred pain,' a scenario where the discomfort is felt away from its actual source. Common causes of neck pain can be: - Poor posture - Trauma - Muscle strain - Degenerative diseases ## Common Causes of Back Pain Originating in the Shoulder Deciphering the Causes of Shoulder Pain Quite often, shoulder pain is a result of an injury to the rotator cuff, a unit of muscles and tendons that stabilizes the shoulder joint. Damage to this area compels other muscles to compensate, which may strain them and result in pain spreading from the shoulder to the neck. Key symptoms of a rotator cuff tear encompass: - Pain intensifies at night and remains constant - Discomfort that doesn't radiate beyond the elbow - Pain when moving or lifting the arm, particularly behind the head Other causes of shoulder pain can include: - Strains due to overexertion - Tendonitis from overuse - Joint instability - Dislocation - A condition known as a frozen shoulder ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treating Neck and Back Pain The first step in addressing neck or shoulder pain involves obtaining an accurate diagnosis from a specialist. If not treated properly, Ignoring early-stage symptoms can exacerbate pain or permanent nerve damage. We understand how chronic neck and back pain can significantly disrupt your daily activities, making life challenging. Our team of skilled Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Specialists are here to support you, providing expert care in a compassionate, professional, and understanding environment. We pride ourselves on providing expert medical care in a professional, understanding, and empathetic environment, with numerous locations throughout New Jersey. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-16-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Are you suffering from neck or back pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have neck or back pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) --- You're not alone in this journey - if you're experiencing any discomfort in your neck or back, we invite you to contact us today. We're committed to helping you regain the quality of life you deserve. **Categories:** Spine **Tags:** Back Pain, Neck Pain, Spine Pain --- ### [Neck and Shoulder Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/neck-and-shoulder-pain/) **Published:** September 11, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Shoulder pain is probably the most common physical complaints from people working in an office environment. It’s also one of the most annoying orthopaedic issues you can have simply because it makes tasks like combing your hair or putting on a sweater extremely difficult. Even with regular stretching and exercise, you may find that your neck and shoulder pain continues to get worse. **Content:** Shoulder pain is probably the most common physical complaints from people working in an office environment. It’s also one of the most annoying orthopaedic issues you can have simply because it makes tasks like combing your hair or putting on a sweater extremely difficult. Even with regular stretching and exercise, you may find that your neck and shoulder pain continues to get worse. Neck and shoulder pain are both frustrating mostly because the pain that we experience in this area comes not only from our muscles but also from our posture and how we carry weight. ***Let's look at some of the primary causes of this problem, how you can treat it at home, and what you should do if it persists beyond that point.*** ![mid adult woman suffering from neck pain working on laptop at home office](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/mid-adult-woman-suffering-from-neck-pain-working-o-2022-08-11-00-06-25-utc-1024x683.jpg "mid adult woman suffering from neck pain working on laptop at home office - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Some of the most common causes of neck and shoulder pain are bad posture and long hours sitting## Muscle Fatigue While many of the causes of shoulder and neck pain are obvious, there are also a few things that you might not realize are causing your discomfort. ***One of the biggest issues is muscle fatigue and overuse.*** Your muscles are part of a complex system that helps your body move and function day in and day out. When you overwork those muscles, they become fatigued and strained. They can also develop small tears and micro-tears that cause significant amounts of pain when you try to use them. ## Tight Muscles Another issue is tight muscles. We’ve all heard that we should stretch, but many of us don’t actually do it. When you ignore your muscles, they can become very tight and overworked. This can put significant strain on your joints and cause them to ache. One thing we often forget is that sitting is not great for you. That's why many people have moved to using a standing desk. When we talk about the benefits of standing desks, we often focus on how they will help you lose weight and feel more energized. While these are very important benefits, they don’t address the other side of the coin. Standing desks are great because they take the weight off your back and shoulders. When you stand and work, your body has to support its own weight. This takes a significant amount of stress off of your muscles and joints. When you sit, however, your muscles are forced to work much harder and much more intensely. This can cause significant amounts of stress and pain in your back and shoulders, which is why even if you have a standing desk, you still need to be careful of your posture. ## Carrying Unbalanced Weight Another source of neck and shoulder pain comes from carrying too much weight on one side of your body. When you’re carrying things around with you all day, you have to put an uneven amount of weight on one side of your body. This can cause serious stress in your hips, shoulders, and neck. It can also cause pain in your knees and ankles. If you’re having problems in one of these areas but can’t pinpoint a cause, you might want to take a look at how you’re carrying your weight. If you’re carrying too much on one side, you could be experiencing significant pain and discomfort as a result. If you carry a heavy bag or purse on one side, that could also cause a lot of pain. If you’re carrying something heavy, try to distribute the weight as evenly as possible. ![displeased redhead european woman executive worker suffers from neck pain stiffness in shoulders](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/displeased-redhead-european-woman-executive-worker-2021-12-09-05-54-56-utc-edited-768x1024.jpg "displeased redhead european woman executive worker suffers from neck pain stiffness in shoulders - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Bad Posture In addition, bad posture is one of the most common causes of shoulder and neck pain, and it can be difficult to avoid. When you’re sitting, try to keep your shoulders back and your spine straight. When you’re standing, make sure that your weight is evenly distributed and that you’re not bending at the knees or hips. You may be more likely to develop pain if you have very long hours at your desk or if you have a job that requires you to stand for long periods of time. This is because your muscles can become fatigued and strained when you’re in one position for too long. ## What Can You Do About Neck and Shoulder Pain? The most important place to start is at the very beginning which means an evaluation and diagnosis from a doctor. Catching a problem early means a better chance of your issue going away sooner than later. You might be able to treat it with stretching, better posture, and smarter lifting practices. We also have more long-term solutions such as physical therapy or surgery. If you notice symptoms of pain in your shoulders and neck, make sure that you schedule an appointment with us here at POA. If you experience a muscle strain, it is important to take care of the injury right away. Try some of these home remedies for muscle strain to help speed up the healing process: - Apply heat packs for 10-15 minutes for two days following an injury, then apply it less often. - Avoid using any weight on the affected limb and avoid walking more than necessary until healed. - Take Ibuprofen or acetaminophen according to your need and the bottle's directions. - Get plenty of rest and drink lots of fluids to fight any potential infection and promote healing. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 126](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-126.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 126 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 156](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-156.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 156 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Muscle Strain Prevention and Rehab** The best way to rehabilitate muscle strains is to try out some rehabilitation exercises. Rehabilitation exercises are used to strengthen the muscles around the injured site and promote healing and prevent future injury. Some of the most common rehabilitation exercises include: - Strengthening exercises - Stretching exercises - Range of motion exercises - Massage therapy - Ultrasound therapy These rehab exercises are designed to help your body heal itself and get back into shape after an injury. Rehabilitative exercises also serve as a preventative measure, which means they can be beneficial in cases where a person has experienced previous injuries or has certain health conditions that make them prone to injuries. **Categories:** Physical Therapy, Shoulder **Tags:** Bad Posture, Neck Pain, Shoulder Pain --- ### [Common Summertime Orthopaedic Injuries: Knee, Shoulder, and Ankle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/common-summertime-orthopaedic-injuries-knee-shoulder-and-ankle/) **Published:** July 21, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## **Common Sports and Orthopaedic Injuries of Summer: Knee, Shoulder, and Ankle:** Summertime brings a range of activities, but it also increases the risk of orthopaedic injuries. Let's dive into the most common summertime injuries and how they can happen, and what you can do to prevent them: ![female runner knee injury and pain.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/female-runner-knee-injury-and-pain-2021-08-27-09-16-51-utc.jpg "female runner knee injury and pain. - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Knee Injuries: Knee pain can be a common concern during the summer, particularly for those engaged in outdoor activities and sports. ACL tears occur when the ligament connecting the thigh bone to the shin bone is stretched or torn due to sudden stops or changes in direction. Meniscus tears, on the other hand, result from twisting or forceful impact, leading to cartilage damage within the knee joint. Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), also known as runner's knee, causes discomfort around the kneecap, typically associated with repetitive knee bending or overuse. ## Summer Shoulder Injuries: Engaging in sports and outdoor pursuits heightens the risk of shoulder injuries. Rotator cuff tears are prevalent, involving damage or tears to the tendons supporting the shoulder joint due to repetitive overhead movements or sudden trauma. Shoulder dislocations occur when the upper arm bone's ball-shaped head dislodges from the shoulder socket, often caused by falls or intense physical contact. Shoulder impingement syndrome results from inflamed or irritated tendons in the rotator cuff, typically due to repetitive overhead activities or poor posture. ![cropped view of man in t shirt feeling pain in shoulder in apartment](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/cropped-view-of-man-in-t-shirt-feeling-pain-in-sho-2022-12-16-19-47-58-utc-1024x683.jpg "cropped view of man in t shirt feeling pain in shoulder in apartment - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![health wellness massage training course](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/sprained-ankle-at-the-gym-2022-12-16-00-51-49-utc-1024x683.jpg "health wellness massage training course - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Summer Ankle Injuries: Outdoor activities and sports can also pose risks for ankle injuries. Ankle sprains and strains frequently occur from missteps, falls, or sudden twists during physical activities. These injuries involve stretched or torn ligaments surrounding the ankle joint. Achilles tendonitis, characterized by inflammation or irritation of the Achilles tendon, often arises from overuse or repetitive stress. Additionally, ankle fractures can result from falls during water sports, hiking accidents, or tripping on uneven terrain, leading to the breaking of ankle bones. --- ![branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Branding-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-14-1024x683.jpg "branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Do I Have A Knee Injury?** ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** [If you suspect you have a sports-related knee injury, please contact us and schedule an appointment. ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/)[We have urgent care facilities all over New Jersey for your convenience](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) We always recommend seeing a proven, licensed professional before you suspect you have any knee or sports-related injury. If you suspect a knee, shoulder, or ankle injury, it is crucial to seek immediate medical attention. Our physicians at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates will conduct a thorough physical examination, assess symptoms and medical history, and may order diagnostic imaging tests such as X-rays, MRIs, or ultrasound scans for an accurate diagnosis. Consulting with an orthopedic specialist or a sports medicine physician is recommended to receive a tailored treatment plan. Treatment options may include rest, immobilization, physical therapy, or, in severe cases, surgery. Timely evaluation and accurate diagnosis are essential for effective treatment and successful recovery. By understanding these common summer orthopaedic injuries and promptly seeking professional care, you can ensure appropriate treatment and make a smooth return to enjoying your favorite summertime activities. **Categories:** Knee, Podiatry, Shoulder, Tibia, Ankle, & Foot **Tags:** Ankle, Shoulder, Sports Medicine --- ### [What are common Knee injuries? Understanding Common Knee Injuries: Symptoms and Diagnosis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-are-common-knee-injuries-understanding-common-knee-injuries-symptoms-and-diagnosis/) **Published:** July 24, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** ## Exploring the Most Common Knee Injuries: Understanding, Preventing, and Treating Knee injuries can be debilitating, affecting our mobility and overall quality of life. As one of the most complex joints in the body, the knee is susceptible to various injuries, particularly during physical activities and sports. In this blog post, we will explore the most common knee injuries, shedding light on their causes, symptoms, prevention strategies, and treatment options. Whether you're an athlete, fitness enthusiast, or someone seeking to protect your knee health, understanding these injuries is crucial for maintaining an active and pain-free lifestyle. ## **Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Tears** One of the most prevalent knee injuries is an ACL tear. This injury occurs when the anterior cruciate ligament, a critical stabilizing ligament in the knee, becomes overstretched or torn. ACL tears often result from sudden stops or changes in direction, pivoting movements, or direct impact to the knee. **Common symptoms of a torn ACL include:** - A popping sensation at the time of injury, - Severe pain & swelling - Instability in the knee joint. ![woman feeling pain on knee](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/acl-knee-1024x683.jpg "woman feeling pain on knee - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Treatment options may range from conservative management, including physical therapy and bracing, to surgical reconstruction for more severe cases. ## **Meniscus Tears** Another frequently encountered knee injury is a meniscus tear. The meniscus is a C-shaped cartilage that acts as a cushion between the thighbone and shinbone. Meniscus tears commonly occur due to twisting or forceful rotations of the knee, often during activities that involve sudden stops or pivoting motions. ![self physiotherapy due to knee pain.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/meniscus-tear-1024x576.jpg "self physiotherapy due to knee pain. - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Common symptoms of a torn Meniscus may include:** - Pain - Swelling - Stiffness - A clicking or locking sensation in the knee Treatment options for meniscus tears depend on factors such as the location, size, and severity of the tear, ranging from conservative measures like physical therapy to arthroscopic surgery for more complex cases. ## **Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS)** Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, also known as runner's knee, refers to pain and discomfort in the front of the knee, specifically around the kneecap (patella). PFPS typically develops from repetitive stress, overuse, or imbalances in the muscles surrounding the kneecap. Activities that involve excessive bending, running, or jumping can contribute to this condition. **Common symptoms of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome include:** - Aching or sharp pain with activities - Aching or sharp pain when going up or down stairs, kneeling, or sitting for extended periods. ![patellofemoral pain syndrome](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/patellofemoral-pain-syndrome-1024x684.jpg "patellofemoral pain syndrome - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Treatment for PFPS may involve a combination of rest, physical therapy, activity modification, and strengthening exercises. --- ![branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Branding-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Do I Have A Knee Injury?** ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** [If you suspect you have a sports-related knee injury, don't hesitate to contact us and schedule an appointment. ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/)[We have urgent care facilities all over New Jersey for your convenience](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/). [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- Understanding the most common knee injuries empowers us to take preventive measures, minimize risks, and seek appropriate treatment when needed. By prioritizing proper warm-up and stretching routines, wearing appropriate protective gear, maintaining good technique during physical activities, and listening to our bodies, we can significantly reduce the incidence of knee injuries. Remember, if you experience persistent knee pain or suspect an injury, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional or orthopaedic specialist for a comprehensive evaluation and tailored treatment plan. Let's prioritize knee health and enjoy an active, pain-free lifestyle for years to come. **Categories:** Knee **Tags:** Knee --- ### [How Do You Fix a Torn Muscle?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-do-you-fix-a-torn-muscle/) **Published:** June 7, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Muscle injuries, such as torn muscles, can affect anyone, from athletes to occasional exercisers. Recognizing the signs of a torn muscle is essential for timely treatment and preventing further damage. In this blog post, we will provide you with a detailed overview of the symptoms associated with torn muscles, empowering you to identify and address these injuries promptly. **Content:** # **How Do You Fix a Torn Muscle?** Our Orthopaedic Specialists have witnessed countless cases of torn muscles and have helped patients on their journey to recovery. Dealing with a torn muscle can be a daunting experience, but with the right knowledge and guidance, you can effectively heal and regain strength. By understanding the treatment options and implementing proper self-care, you can optimize your healing process and get back to an active lifestyle. ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Seeking Professional Diagnosis For Torn Muscles:** When you suspect a torn muscle, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional, ideally an orthopaedic surgeon or a sports medicine specialist. Through a comprehensive physical examination and diagnostic tests such as MRI or ultrasound, they can accurately assess the extent of the injury and identify the specific muscle involved. This step is essential for determining the most suitable treatment plan tailored to your needs. ## **Non-Surgical Torn Muscle Treatment Options:** Depending on the severity of the tear, non-surgical treatments may be recommended. These can include: - **Rest and activity modification**: The first line of treatment for a torn muscle involves giving it sufficient rest to promote healing. Your orthopaedic surgeon may advise you to avoid activities that aggravate the injury, while gentle range-of-motion exercises may be encouraged to prevent joint stiffness. - **Ice and compression**: Applying ice packs and compression to the injured area can help reduce swelling and relieve pain. Remember to use a barrier, such as a cloth, between the ice pack and your skin to avoid ice burns. - **Physical therapy:** A skilled physical therapist can guide you through exercises and stretching routines to gradually rehabilitate the torn muscle. They will focus on improving flexibility, strength, and stability to ensure a safe return to normal activities. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-edited.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 126](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-126-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 126 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Surgical Torn Muscle Treatment Options:** In cases where non-surgical methods prove ineffective or for severe muscle tears, surgical intervention may be necessary. The surgical options vary depending on the location and extent of the tear. Common procedures include: - **Muscle repair:** This involves surgically reattaching the torn muscle ends to restore its integrity. The surgeon will use sutures or anchors to secure the muscle back into its original position. - **Tendon transfer:** In some cases, when the muscle is severely damaged or irreparable, a tendon transfer may be performed. This procedure involves taking a healthy tendon from another part of the body and using it to replace the torn muscle, restoring functionality. ## Torn Muscle **Rehabilitation and Recovery:** Following surgery or during non-surgical treatment, a structured rehabilitation program is vital for optimal recovery. Your orthopaedic surgeon and physical therapist will work together to create a customized plan tailored to your specific needs. The rehabilitation process typically includes: - **Gradual strengthening exercises**: Under the guidance of your physical therapist, you will engage in progressive resistance exercises to rebuild muscle strength and endurance. This will help restore function and prevent future injuries. - **Flexibility and range-of-motion exercises**: Stretching exercises are crucial to restore flexibility and maintain joint mobility. Your therapist will guide you through specific stretching routines to target the affected muscle groups. - **Functional training**: As you progress, your rehabilitation program will incorporate activities that mimic your daily or sports-specific movements. This will ensure a smooth transition back to your regular activities or sport. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 128](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-128-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 128 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Fixing a torn muscle requires a comprehensive approach, involving accurate diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and dedicated rehabilitation. By seeking professional help, adhering to the recommended treatment plan, and committing to your rehabilitation program, you can maximize your chances of a successful recovery. Remember, patience is key during the healing process, and it's important to listen to your body's cues. With time, dedication, and proper guidance, you can heal your torn muscle and regain your active lifestyle. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, our highly skilled team of Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Specialists are ready to address any musculoskeletal injury or condition. We pride ourselves on providing expert medical care in a professional, understanding, and empathetic environment, with numerous locations throughout New Jersey. You're not alone in this journey - if you're experiencing any discomfort in your muscles, we invite you to contact us today. We're committed to helping you regain the quality of life you deserve. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric **Tags:** Procedures --- ### [How do I Know if I Have a Torn Muscle?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-do-i-know-if-i-have-a-torn-muscle/) **Published:** June 2, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Muscle injuries, such as torn muscles, can affect anyone, from athletes to occasional exercisers. Recognizing the signs of a torn muscle is essential for timely treatment and preventing further damage. In this blog post, we will provide you with a detailed overview of the symptoms associated with torn muscles, empowering you to identify and address these injuries promptly. **Content:** ## **How do I Know if I Have a Torn Muscle**? Muscle injuries, such as torn muscles, can affect anyone, from athletes to occasional exercisers. Recognizing the signs of a torn muscle is essential for timely treatment and preventing further damage. In this blog post, we will provide you with a detailed overview of the symptoms associated with torn muscles, empowering you to identify and address these injuries promptly. ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Are the Signs of a Torn Muscle? **1. Sudden and severe pain:** One of the primary indicators of a torn muscle is abrupt and intense pain at the injury site. This pain may occur immediately or develop gradually, depending on the severity of the tear. Keep in mind that the pain often worsens with movement or pressure. **2. Visible swelling and bruising:** Torn muscles frequently result in noticeable swelling and bruising around the affected area. The presence of red, blue, or purple discoloration indicates bleeding and inflammation. Severe muscle tears may exhibit more pronounced swelling and bruising. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 174](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-174-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 174 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**3. Limited range of motion:** Another hallmark symptom of a torn muscle is difficulty or pain when trying to move the injured muscle or joint. Depending on the extent of the tear, you might experience weakness or an inability to bear weight on the affected limb. **4. Audible popping or snapping sensation:** Some individuals report hearing a popping or snapping sound during the moment of injury. If you experience such an audible indication accompanied by immediate pain, it is highly likely that you have a torn muscle. **5. Muscle spasms:** Torn muscles can trigger involuntary muscle spasms, which may occur shortly after the injury or develop later as a protective response. If you notice repetitive and uncontrollable muscle contractions, it could be indicative of a torn muscle. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")In summary, identifying a torn muscle involves recognizing key symptoms such as: - Sudden, intense pain - Visible swelling and bruising - Limited range of motion - Audible popping or snapping sensation - Muscle spasms. If you experience a combination of these signs, seeking medical attention promptly is crucial. Remember, early intervention and proper care are pivotal in achieving successful rehabilitation and a return to an active lifestyle. Obtaining an accurate diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan from one of our Orthopaedic Specialists will facilitate effective recovery and minimize the risk of complications. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, our highly skilled team of Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Specialists are ready to address any musculoskeletal injury or condition. We pride ourselves on providing expert medical care in a professional, understanding, and empathetic environment, with numerous locations throughout New Jersey. You're not alone in this journey - if you're experiencing any discomfort in your muscles, we invite you to contact us today. We're committed to helping you regain the quality of life you deserve. ![branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Branding-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "branding princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric **Tags:** Conditions --- ### [What is Referred Pain and How Can You Treat it?](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-referred-pain-and-how-can-you-treat-it/) **Published:** May 24, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** Orthopaedic physicians often deal with what we call "referred pain." Referred pain' is a common yet often misunderstood. **Referred pain is a type of pain perceived at a location different from its source**. While primary pain is felt directly where it originates, referred pain can seemingly mislead the sufferers about the actual location of their issue. This referred pain becomes particularly relevant in orthopaedics when diagnosing orthopaedic conditions. A classic example is the pain experienced during a heart attack, often felt in the left arm or jaw, despite the issue originating in the heart. Understanding referred pain is crucial in distinguishing symptoms and reaching accurate diagnoses, thereby informing appropriate treatment plans. Various conditions can cause referred pain, including inflammation, neck pain, back pain, and general illness. For example, pain from a heart attack might be felt in the left arm, while gallbladder issues can cause pain in the right shoulder. Symptoms of referred pain can include aching, burning, or tingling sensations, and the location of the pain can make diagnosis more challenging. ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 30](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-30-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Rossy - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Referred pain is a type of pain that is felt in an area of the body that is different from its actual source. Unlike normal pain, which is felt directly at the site of injury or inflammation, referred pain seems to be located in a seemingly unrelated area. This phenomenon occurs because certain nerves in the body transmit signals from multiple body parts to the brain, causing the brain to misinterpret the origin of the pain. **Let's put it in simpler terms -** if you hit your elbow and you feel pain there, that's primary pain. But, if you experience discomfort elsewhere, such as in your fingers, that's referred pain. The nerves convey the pain message like a telephone line, sometimes confusing the brain about the pain's origin. ## What You Should Know About Referred Pain: 1. Referred pain and primary pain are not mutually exclusive. A single injury can cause both types of pain simultaneously. 2. Pain location doesn't always indicate the source of the issue. 3. Referred pain can often originate in the neck and back and is often caused by nerve entrapment or inflammation of the neck or lower back, or lower spine. ## Tips for Treating Referred Pain: - **Accurate Diagnosis:** Seek professional help for a proper diagnosis. An orthopedic specialist will consider the possibility of referred pain when assessing your condition. - **Physical Therapy:** Specific exercises and treatments can often help alleviate referred pain. A skilled physical therapist can guide you through targeted exercises to manage your symptoms. - **Pain Management:** Over-the-counter or prescribed pain medications may be helpful. However, always consult a healthcare provider before starting any new medication. - **Mind-Body Techniques:** Practices like mindfulness and meditation can help manage the discomfort associated with referred pain. - **Lifestyle Changes:** Regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and good posture can all contribute to managing and preventing referred pain. And as a patient, knowledge about referred pain can guide you toward appropriate help and self-care strategies, bringing you one step closer to relief. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, News, Physical Therapy, Spine **Tags:** Back Pain, Neck Pain, phantom pain, referred pain, referring pain, Spine Pain --- ### [Opening February 13th: Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Hillsborough Township location!](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/coming-soon-to-hillsborough-township/) **Published:** February 15, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is proud to announce they will soon open of a new location in Hillsborough Township, New Jersey.  Our Hillsborough Township orthopedic office will service patients in Bridgewater, Flemington, Piscataway, Edison, New Brunswick, Mechanicsville and all surround Hillsborough Township areas! **Content:** ![poa hillsborough blog post 2 1024x768 1](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/poa-hillsborough-blog-post-2-1024x768-1.jpg "poa hillsborough blog post 2 1024x768 1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")***We’re proud to announce that we're opening a new POA location in Hillsborough Township, New Jersey on February 13th!*** Our Hillsborough Township Orthopaedic office will help our amazing orthopaedic team serve patients in Bridgewater, Somerset, Flemington, Piscataway, Edison, New Brunswick, Mechanicsville and all surrounding Hillsborough Township areas! ***Our first day serving the HIlllsbourgh Township orthopaedic office will be on February 13th, 2023!*** ## Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Hillsborough Township office is located at: **Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Orthopedics and Physical Therapy 315 US Highway 206, Hillsborough Township, NJ 08844** ***\*It’s at the corner of Route 206 and Falcon Road.*** Serving communities like Hillsborough Township with extraordinary orthopaedic care is one of our core values. We live in the community, so serving our [community](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/testimonials/) is part of our DNA. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is committed to providing excellence to every patient we see. We do this with extraordinary [talent](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/), tools, and [techniques](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/). Our patients deserve the very best, and we constantly strive to exceed expectations and give excellent outcomes. ## Book An Appointment - Hillsborough Comments This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Name(Required) First Last Email(Required) Phone Preferred Day(Required)MondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridayNo Preference Preferred Time Of Day(Required) Morning (8-12 pm) Afternoon (12-5 pm) No Preferrence Area Of Concern(Required)CartilageFoot & AnkleHand & WristHipJoint ReplacementKneeNon-OperativePhysiatryPhysical TherapyPodiatryShoulderSpineSports MedicineTraumaUrgent CareDiagnostic & Nonsurgical Additional Comments CAPTCHA This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google [Privacy Policy](https://policies.google.com/privacy) and [Terms of Service](https://policies.google.com/terms) apply. **Categories:** News --- ### [Elbow Pain: Causes, Treatments, and Prevention](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/elbow-pain-causes-treatments-and-prevention/) **Published:** May 12, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Elbow pain is any discomfort or pain that is located in or around the elbow joint. It can be caused by a variety of factors such as overuse, injury, or medical conditions such as arthritis. Overuse injuries are often seen in individuals who perform repetitive motions or activities, such as tennis players or construction workers. Traumatic injuries, such as dislocations or fractures, are also a common cause of elbow pain. **Content:** Are you suffering from an elbow injury? Whether it’s tennis elbow, golfer's elbow, a fracture or strain – elbow pain can lead to reduced mobility and the inability to enjoy simple everyday activities. While understanding how to prevent injuries is beneficial for all age groups, learning how to properly address any existing conditions is equally important. In this blog post we take a deeper look into the causes of different types of elbow pain, their treatments as well as useful methods to avoid future injuries. It is our aim that by being better informed about these common afflictions we can help promote happier and healthier lifestyles! ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped 17](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-cropped-17-e1638899847786-1024x384.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped 17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Overview of Elbow Pain - What is it and What Causes It Elbow pain is a common complaint among individuals that can greatly impact their daily activities. Essentially, elbow pain is any discomfort or pain that is located in or around the elbow joint. It can be caused by a variety of factors such as overuse, injury, or medical conditions such as arthritis. Overuse injuries are often seen in individuals who perform repetitive motions or activities, such as tennis players or construction workers. Traumatic injuries, such as dislocations or fractures, are also a common cause of elbow pain. Furthermore, medical conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis can lead to chronic elbow pain. Understanding the causes and symptoms of elbow pain can help individuals seek the appropriate treatment to alleviate their discomfort and improve their daily activities. ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped hires 25](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-cropped-hires-25-1024x448.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped hires 25 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Types of Elbow Pain Elbow pain can be a real game-changer when it comes to your daily routine. It's one of those nagging aches that never quite goes away and can make even simple tasks feel unbearable. But did you know that there are different types of elbow pain that can occur for various reasons? Tennis elbow, golfer's elbow, and bursitis are just a few of the possible culprits causing this discomfort. Understanding the distinct symptoms and causes of each type can help you pinpoint exactly what's causing your elbow pain and, more importantly, how to treat it. So, let's dive into the world of elbow pain and explore the different types and underlying causes. ### Tennis Elbow Tennis elbow is a common injury that occurs due to overuse of the forearm muscles and tendons. Despite its name, this condition doesn't only affect tennis players. Anyone who repeatedly uses their forearm muscles in twisting or gripping motions is at risk for developing tennis elbow. Symptoms include pain and tenderness on the outside of the elbow, weakness in the affected arm, and difficulty gripping objects. While tennis elbow can be painful and frustrating, it is typically treatable with rest, ice, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery. By taking steps to prevent this injury and seeking treatment early on, individuals can return to their normal activities with minimal disruption. ### Golfer's Elbow Golf might seem like a relatively low-impact sport, but the repetitive motion of swinging a club can take a toll on the body. One common injury among golfers is golfer's elbow, a painful condition that affects the tendons connecting the forearm muscles to the elbow. While it's named after golf, the injury can actually result from any activity that puts repeated stress on the elbow, from tennis to gardening. The good news is that most cases of golfer's elbow can be treated with rest, ice, and physical therapy exercises. With proper care, golfers and other athletes can get back to doing what they love without worrying about elbow pain. ### Rheumatoid Arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the joints and causes pain, swelling, and stiffness. It's an autoimmune disease, which means that the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells, leading to joint damage and other symptoms. Although it can occur at any age, rheumatoid arthritis typically first appears between the ages of 30 and 60 and affects women more often than men. Even though there is no cure for this condition, treatments are available that can help manage the symptoms and slow the progression of joint damage. With early diagnosis and proper management, people with rheumatoid arthritis can lead a full and active life. ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36 cropped](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-36-cropped-1024x410.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36 cropped - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Treatment Options for Elbow Pain Elbow pain can be a debilitating issue that affects daily activities such as typing, carrying luggage, and even leisure activities like playing sports. Luckily, there are several treatment options available to those suffering from this condition. One effective option is physical therapy, which includes exercises and stretches to alleviate pain and improve mobility. Another option is medication, such as anti-inflammatories or painkillers, to manage symptoms. In severe cases, surgery may be required to repair damaged ligaments or tendons. Regardless of the treatment method chosen, it's important to address elbow pain early on to prevent further injury and ensure the fastest possible recovery. ### Non-Surgical Treatments Non-surgical treatments are becoming increasingly popular when it comes to enhancing one's appearance. Whether it be for wrinkle reduction or body contouring, there are numerous non-invasive options available that can produce fantastic results without the need for surgery. These treatments use a variety of techniques, such as lasers and radiofrequency energy, to target problem areas and stimulate collagen production. Not only are non-surgical treatments effective, but they also typically involve little to no downtime. So if you're looking to enhance your appearance without going under the knife, non-surgical treatments may be the perfect solution for you. ### Physical Therapy Physical therapy is a vitally important aspect of healthcare, helping individuals recover from injury, surgery, or chronic conditions that impact their ability to move and function normally. Through targeted exercises, stretching, and other techniques, physical therapists work with patients to reduce pain, improve flexibility and strength, and restore optimal mobility. Whether someone has experienced a sports injury, suffered from a stroke, or is living with a chronic issue such as arthritis or multiple sclerosis, physical therapy can provide immense benefits. With a focus on personalized treatment plans, physical therapy can help patients achieve their goals and get back to doing the things they love. ### Over-the-Counter Medications Over-the-counter medications play a vital role in today's healthcare industry. They provide accessible and affordable relief for common health issues, including headaches, allergies, and fever. It's no secret that many people rely on over-the-counter medications to alleviate symptoms and avoid unnecessary trips to the doctor's office. However, it's important to remember that even though these medications don't require a prescription, they still come with risks. It's crucial to read labels carefully and follow usage instructions to avoid potential side effects. While over-the-counter medications can be incredibly helpful, it's also essential to practice safe and responsible usage. ### Topical Creams Topical creams are an essential part of many people's skincare routines. Whether you're dealing with acne, dry or sensitive skin, wrinkles or other skin concerns, a topical cream can go a long way in improving the overall health and appearance of your skin. The beauty of topical creams is that they are easy to apply, absorb quickly into the skin and often contain beneficial ingredients like antioxidants, vitamins, and peptides. By incorporating a topical cream into your daily skincare routine, you can give your skin the nourishment and care it needs to stay healthy and vibrant. So, why not give a topical cream a try and see the difference it can make for your skin? ### Surgical Treatments Surgery has revolutionized the way we treat many medical conditions. Advancements in technology and surgical techniques have made it possible to cure or manage diseases that were once thought untreatable. Surgical treatments can be used to relieve pain, repair damaged tissues, or even save lives. From open surgeries to minimally invasive procedures, surgeons have various options to cater to the specific needs of each patient. Despite the risks involved, surgical treatments have been proven to be highly effective in improving the quality of life of patients. With the constant advancements in surgical techniques, we can expect even more promising outcomes in the future. ## Prevention Strategies for Avoiding Future Elbow Pain Elbow pain can be debilitating and frustrating, interfering with everyday activities. Fortunately, there are steps you can take to prevent the onset of this discomfort. One key strategy is to avoid overuse of the arm and elbow, especially when participating in repetitive activities such as sports or work tasks that require repetitive movements. Another effective prevention strategy is to stretch your arm and hand muscles regularly to reduce the risk of stiffness and strain. It's also important to maintain proper posture and body mechanics while performing activities that involve your arms and elbows. By incorporating these strategies into your daily routine, you can help avoid future elbow pain and maintain optimal arm and elbow health. ### Wear Protective Gear When Engaging in High-Impact Activities Participating in high-impact activities can be a thrilling and exhilarating experience. However, it is important to take proper precautions to prevent injury. One of the most effective ways to safeguard yourself is by wearing protective gear. Whether you are hitting the slopes on a snowboard or playing a game of basketball with friends, wearing the right gear can make all the difference. Protective gear, such as helmets, knee pads, and wrist guards, can help reduce the risk of injury and keep you safe while participating in these activities. So, the next time you are planning to engage in a high-impact activity, don't forget to gear up! ### Stretch Before Exercise to Help Reduce Stress on Joints When it comes to exercise, it's important to take care of your body in order to prevent injury. This is especially true when it comes to the joints, which can take a lot of stress during physical activity. One way to reduce this stress is to stretch before you start exercising. Not only does stretching help to increase flexibility, but it also helps to warm up the muscles and lubricate the joints, making them more mobile and less susceptible to injury. By taking the time to stretch properly, you can ensure that your body is prepared for whatever workout you have planned, and that you're doing everything you can to protect your joints and prevent pain and discomfort both during and after exercise. ### Take Breaks During Activities That Involve Repetitive Motion In our fast-paced world, it's easy to get caught up in activities that require repetitive motion. Whether it's typing at a computer, playing an instrument, or crafting, we may find ourselves invested in these pursuits for hours on end. But it's important to remember that taking breaks is crucial for our physical and mental well-being. By stepping away from the repetitive motions and allowing our muscles to rest and recover, we can prevent discomfort and injury. Additionally, taking a break gives us a chance to refresh our minds and come back to our task with renewed focus and energy. So, the next time you find yourself caught up in a repetitive activity, remember to take a few moments to pause and reset. Your body and mind will thank you for it. All in all, elbow pain is an uncomfortable and disruptive condition that can roll up suddenly either due to trauma or overuse. To alleviate the pain and combat any underlying causes it's important to look into treatments, both non-surgical and surgical if necessary. With options such as physical therapy, medications and many more, those dealing with elbow pain have a variety of solutions at their disposal. Employing preventative strategies can be beneficial too; acting proactively can help to avoid possible episodes of inflammation in the future. It is ultimately important to remain conscious of our activities impacting our elbows so that discomfort remains minimal or altogether avoided. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Elbow, Joint Care **Tags:** Elbow, Elbow pain, Joint Care, joint pain --- ### [Trochanteric Bursitis: Causes, Treatments, and Prevention](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/trochanteric-bursitis-causes-treatments-and-prevention/) **Published:** April 14, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Trochanteric Bursitis is a condition in which the bursa, a small fluid-filled sac, located on the outer side of our hip joint becomes inflamed. **Content:** Do you experience pain and tenderness in your side hip? You may be suffering from trochanteric bursitis, a condition that causes inflammation of the hip bursa. This explains why it’s sometimes referred to as "hip bursitis." Having knowledge about the symptoms, treatment options, and preventive measures is essential for reducing discomfort in those who suffer from this common condition. In this post we'll examine exactly what Trochanteric Bursitis is all about – its causes, possible treatments and methods of prevention. By understanding both the medical aspects of the issue as well as practical solutions to managing it in daily life you can find great relief - helping promote healthier hips activities going forward! ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What is Trochanteric Bursitis and who is at risk for developing it Trochanteric Bursitis is a condition in which the bursa, a small fluid-filled sac, located on the outer side of our hip joint becomes inflamed. This can cause severe pain and discomfort. Although the condition is commonly associated with athletes and runners, it can develop in anyone who puts prolonged pressure on their hips. People who have recently started a new exercise routine, have poor posture, or stand for extended periods of time are at risk of developing Trochanteric Bursitis. It can also affect women more commonly than men due to the structure of their pelvis. Therefore, it is important to maintain good posture and consult a doctor if you suspect you have Trochanteric Bursitis to prevent the condition from worsening. ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 62](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-62-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 62 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Symptoms of Trochanteric Bursitis Trochanteric bursitis is a condition that causes pain and discomfort in the hip area. It occurs when the bursae, small fluid-filled sacs that act as cushions between bones and tendons, become inflamed. This inflammation can be caused by overuse, injury, or underlying conditions such as arthritis. Symptoms of trochanteric bursitis can include pain in the hip or buttock area that worsens with activity, tenderness to the touch, and difficulty sleeping on the affected side. In some cases, the pain may radiate down the leg. While trochanteric bursitis can be a frustrating and painful condition, there are treatments available to help manage the symptoms and improve quality of life. ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 30](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-30-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Rossy - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## How to Diagnose Trochanteric Bursitis Trochanteric bursitis can cause a lot of discomfort and pain in the hips. Knowing how to diagnose it can make a huge difference in finding relief from this condition. One of the most reliable ways to diagnose trochanteric bursitis is through a physical examination by a medical professional. They will assess the level of inflammation on the outermost facet of the hip and the level of joint pain. It is also helpful to discuss how long the pain has been present, any previous injuries, and the type of activities that may have led to the pain. Diagnostic imaging like X-rays or MRIs may be necessary to visualize the soft tissue and determine if there is any structural damage. An accurate diagnosis is the first step towards getting the right treatment and alleviating the pain caused by trochanteric bursitis. ## Treatments for Trochanteric Bursitis Trochanteric bursitis, commonly known as hip bursitis, is a painful condition that occurs when the small sacs of fluid that cushion the hip joint become inflamed. It can make it difficult to perform everyday activities and significantly reduce quality of life. Fortunately, there are several treatments available to help manage the symptoms of trochanteric bursitis. These include physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, corticosteroid injections, and in some cases, surgery. Physical therapy can help strengthen the muscles around the hip and improve flexibility, while anti-inflammatory medications can reduce swelling and pain. Corticosteroid injections can provide more immediate and long-lasting relief, but surgery may be necessary if other treatments do not provide adequate relief. With the right care plan in place, those dealing with trochanteric bursitis can manage their symptoms and get back to their regular routines. ## Home Remedies for Relieving Pain and Inflammation Caused by Trochanteric Bursitis Trochanteric bursitis is a common condition that can cause a lot of discomfort and inflammation, but luckily, there are several home remedies you can try to help relieve the pain and discomfort. One remedy is applying heat or ice to the affected area, depending on what feels best for you. Another is gentle stretching exercises to help loosen up the muscles around the hip. In addition, try to avoid activities that aggravate the condition, such as excessive running or sitting for long periods of time. Essential oils, such as ginger and peppermint, may also help ease the pain and inflammation. With these natural remedies on hand, you can find relief from trochanteric bursitis and get back to your daily routine in no time. ## Exercises to Help Strengthen Muscles Around the Hip and Prevent Recurrence of Trochanteric Bursitis The hip joint is a vital part of movement, but it can also be a source of pain and discomfort. Trochanteric bursitis, a common condition caused by inflammation of the bursa over the hip bone, can restrict mobility and hinder the ability to carry out everyday activities. Fortunately, there are exercises that can help strengthen the muscles around the hip and reduce the risk of recurring bursitis. These exercises include stretches to help increase flexibility, as well as resistance exercises that target the glutes and hips. With dedication and consistent practice, these exercises can help alleviate pain and enable greater mobility, ultimately leading to a healthier, more active lifestyle. In conclusion, Trochanteric Bursitis is a painful condition that can affect the hips of people of all ages, sizes and genders. It affects those who are active and non-active alike. The disorder may be quite painful but it can be treated effectively with rest and prescription medications to reduce inflammation. Home remedies like hot or cold compresses, stretching exercises, and massage therapy can also help manage pain associated with Trochanteric Bursitis. Exercise is key for strengthening the muscles around the hip joint and prevention of further recurrence of this malady. Having an understanding of what Trochanteric Bursitis is and its common cause, symptoms, treatment options, home remedies and how to prevent it from recurring will serve individuals well in dealing with this disorder. By knowing when to seek medical care for this condition you can avoid more serious complications down the road enabling you to live life happily without discomfort or disability caused by Trochanteric Bursitis **Categories:** Hip, Joint Care, Physical Therapy **Tags:** Bursitis, Hip, treatment --- ### [Ankle pain: symptoms, causes, treatments, and prevention](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/ankle-pain-symptoms-causes-treatments-and-prevention/) **Published:** April 21, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Ankle pain can be a frustrating and debilitating condition, making it difficult to participate in daily activities that require mobility. Understanding the symptoms, causes and risk factors associated with ankle pain is an important step in finding a solution. **Content:** Ankle pain is an incredibly common issue among people of all ages, and can range from mild to severe. Whether you’ve been dealing with nagging ankle discomfort for a while or have recently suffered an injury, it’s important to understand the different types of symptoms, causes and treatments associated with it. In this blog post we will discuss Ankle Pain: its symptoms, causes, treatments and prevention options so you can make an informed decision about treatment and care. We hope that by understanding more about what could be causing your own ankle pain—or the pain of someone close to you—you can decide on the best way to manage potential issues before they become serious problems. ![candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Boriello-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-07-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Boniello - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Understanding Ankle Pain – Defining Symptoms, Causes and Risk Factors Ankle pain can be a frustrating and debilitating condition, making it difficult to participate in daily activities that require mobility. Understanding the symptoms, causes and risk factors associated with ankle pain is an important step in finding a solution. Symptoms of ankle pain can include swelling, bruising, stiffness and difficulty moving the affected joint. Causes of ankle pain can range from a sudden injury or sprain, to chronic condition such as arthritis or gout. Risk factors such as obesity and poor footwear choices can also contribute to the development of ankle pain. By understanding these factors and seeking prompt medical attention when needed, individuals can take steps towards managing and preventing ankle pain from affecting their quality of life. ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Common Symptoms of Ankle Pain and What They Can Mean Ankle pain can be caused by a variety of issues, from minor injuries to serious medical conditions. Common symptoms of ankle pain include swelling, stiffness, instability, and difficulty walking or standing. These symptoms may indicate a sprain, strain, or even a more serious ligament tear or fracture. It's important to seek medical attention if ankle pain persists or if you are unable to bear weight on the affected ankle. Your doctor can perform an examination and recommend a course of treatment to alleviate your symptoms and restore normal function. Don't ignore ankle pain - it can have a serious impact on your mobility and overall health. ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Potential Causes of Ankle Pain, From Trauma to Degenerative Conditions Ankle pain can be a major inconvenience, hindering mobility and impairing day-to-day activities. While there are numerous potential causes for this discomfort, ranging from trauma to degenerative disorders, there are a few common culprits that often lead to ankle pain. Ankle sprains, for instance, occur when the ligaments connecting the bones in the ankle become stretched or torn. Meanwhile, arthritis is a degenerative condition that wears down the protective cartilage in the joints, leading to swelling, pain, and stiffness. Other potential causes of ankle pain include Achilles tendonitis, gout, and nerve damage. Whatever the root cause may be, it's important to seek medical attention and take steps to address the issue, so that you can get back to optimal health and functioning. ## Diagnosis for Ankle Pain – Imaging Tests and Physical Exam Methods Ankle pain can be a frustrating and debilitating issue, but proper diagnosis is key to finding the right treatment. A combination of physical exam methods and imaging tests are often utilized to pinpoint the source of the discomfort. Physical exams may include assessing range of motion, examining the affected area, and testing for stability and strength. Imaging tests, such as X-rays, ultrasounds, MRI scans, and CT scans, can provide more detailed information about the bones, ligaments, and tendons in the ankle. By using these methods in tandem, healthcare providers can create a comprehensive picture of the issue and determine the most effective course of treatment. Whether it's a sprain, strain, or fracture causing the discomfort, a proper diagnosis is the first step on the road to recovery. ## Treatments for Ankle Pain – How to Manage the Discomfort Ankle pain can be a real nuisance, especially if it limits your movement and activities. Fortunately, there are several ways to manage the discomfort and get relief. One of the most common treatments for ankle pain is RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation. This involves taking a break from any strenuous activities, applying ice packs to the affected area, wearing a compression sleeve or wrapping, and elevating the ankle to reduce swelling. Pain medication and physical therapy may also be recommended by a doctor. Remember, it's important to address ankle pain as soon as possible to prevent any further damage or complications. With the right treatment and management, you can get back on your feet in no time. ## Prevention Tips for Avoiding Injury or Re-injury Staying injury-free can be a challenge, especially if you're an athlete or lead an active lifestyle. However, there are many prevention tips you can follow to avoid getting hurt or reinjured. One of the most important things you can do is to stretch and warm up before any physical activity to prepare your muscles and joints. It's also important to wear appropriate gear and equipment, such as helmets or protective pads, to protect vulnerable areas of your body. Another key tip is to listen to your body and take breaks when you feel tired or sore. Rest and recovery are essential parts of injury prevention. By following these tips, you can reduce your risk of injury and keep yourself healthy and active for the long haul. In sum, there's a myriad of potential causes and treatments when it comes to ankle pain, depending on the severity and chronicity of the discomfort. While acute ankle injuries are usually accompanied by sudden pain, swelling and discoloration, chronic or degenerative conditions might come with nonspecific symptoms such as weakness or numbness. Imaging tests and physical exams may be necessary for an accurate diagnosis. Treatment options can range from conservative measures such as stretching exercises, bracing for additional support or crutches for mobility to medical interventions like corticosteroid injections or surgical intervention in severe cases. The best defense against ankle injury is Knowledge – if you arm yourself with information about what symptoms to look out for and key prevention tips, you are better equipped to handle any ankle issues that may arise before they become a bigger issue. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Joint Care, Podiatry, Tibia, Ankle, & Foot **Tags:** Ankle, ankle pain, Ankle treatment, prevention --- ### [How to Recognize, Treat, and Prevent Runner's Knee](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/how-to-recognize-treat-and-prevent-runners-knee/) **Published:** April 28, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) is a common knee condition that often affects active people, especially runners. It is also known as "runner's knee" due to its frequent occurrence in athletes and other individuals who engage in high-impact activities. The pain associated with PFPS typically occurs around the front of the knee joint, where the kneecap rests on the lower end of the thigh bone. **Content:** If you’re an athlete experiencing tenderness and discomfort around the front of your knee, chances are that you may be suffering from Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS), more commonly referred to as “runner’s knee.” Although it often affects runners, it can also affect anyone -- especially those who participate in activities involving significant kneeling or squatting motions. Runner's knee is an overuse injury caused by repetitive strain on the patellar tendon located beneath the kneecap, resulting in irritation and damage to this tissue. Fortunately, there are a few things that you can do if you think you have runner's knee; recognizing and understanding its symptoms, having a professional diagnosis confirmed with radiologic imaging studies or X-rays, providing time for rest/healing of injured muscles/tissues along with physical therapy treatment plans including stretching exercises specific to PFPS injuries all serve as important factors towards alleviating pain symptoms. Taking preventive measures such as instituting proper form when running/exercising , wearing properly fitting footwear and ensuring gradual acclimation periods before increasing workout resistances will significantly reduce the risk for developing runner's knee further down the line. ![candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Boriello-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What is Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) and what are the common symptoms of runner's knee Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS), also known as runner's knee, is a common condition among runners and other athletes that occurs when the kneecap doesn't track properly over the femur. This can lead to pain and discomfort in the front of the knee during physical activity or even simple movements like walking up stairs. Common symptoms of runner's knee include a dull ache around the kneecap, a popping or grinding sensation when bending the knee, and swelling or tenderness around the knee joint. It's important to listen to your body and seek medical attention if you experience any of these symptoms, as PFPS can worsen over time and impact your ability to enjoy the activities you love. ![candids gecha princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gecha-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "candids gecha princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## How can you diagnose PFPS and what treatments are available ? Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) is a common condition that affects athletes, runners, and individuals who engage in activities requiring repetitive movements such as stair climbing, squatting, and kneeling. The symptoms of PFPS include pain in the front of the knee, discomfort while sitting, grinding or popping sounds while moving the knee, and difficulty in straightening the leg. Diagnosing PFPS can be done through a physical examination, imaging tests such as MRI or X-ray, and ruling out other knee conditions. Treatment options for PFPS include a combination of physical therapy, pain management, and lifestyle modifications. Physical therapy can help strengthen the muscles around the knee, while medications such as anti-inflammatory drugs can reduce the pain and swelling. Lifestyle modifications such as losing weight and avoiding high-impact activities that exacerbate the pain are also beneficial. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of PFPS can help individuals return to their daily activities without pain and discomfort. ![candids gecha princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gecha-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "candids gecha princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Common causes of runner's knee and ways to prevent it As an avid runner, there's nothing more frustrating than experiencing knee pain that can hinder your progress. Unfortunately, runner's knee is a common issue that many athletes face. This condition can be caused by a variety of factors such as overuse, muscle imbalances, or even poor footwear. However, the good news is there are ways to prevent this from happening. By keeping your muscles strong and flexible, maintaining proper form, and gradually increasing your mileage, you can reduce the risk of developing runner's knee. So don't let this issue hold you back from achieving your running goals - take care of your body and keep pounding the pavement. ## Exercises to strengthen the muscles around your knee for better stability If you suffer from knee pain or have had a knee injury, exercises to strengthen the muscles around your knee can make a big difference in your stability and overall comfort. There are many exercises that can help, including squats, lunges, leg presses, and leg curls. These exercises target the quadriceps, hamstrings, and glutes, all of which play a key role in supporting the knee joint. Additionally, exercises like wall sits and single-leg balance exercises can help improve your balance and stability, reducing the risk of future knee injuries. By incorporating these exercises into your workout routine, you can build stronger, more stable knees and enjoy a higher quality of life. ## Tips for managing pain from runner's knee on a daily basis Runner's knee can be an annoying and painful occurrence. Whether you're a seasoned runner or just starting, trying to manage the pain of runner's knee can be a daunting task. However, with the right tools, you can overcome the pain and continue to pursue your fitness goals. Here are some tips for managing pain from runner's knee on a daily basis: (insert list here such as doing low-impact exercises, icing the affected area, taking over-the-counter pain medication, wearing proper shoes, stretching before and after exercise, and consulting with a healthcare professional). By implementing these tips into your daily routine, you'll be able to stay active and pain-free. ## When should you seek medical help for PFPS, and what kind of specialist should you see Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common condition that affects the knee joint. It is characterized by pain around or under the patella (kneecap), especially during activities that involve bending of the knee. While many cases of PFPS can be treated with self-care measures, some cases require medical attention. You should seek medical help for PFPS if you experience persistent pain or swelling in your knee, or if you have difficulty performing daily activities. A specialist in orthopedics or sports medicine may be the right person to diagnose and treat your condition. They may perform a physical exam, imaging tests, or recommend medication, physical therapy, or surgery, depending on the severity of your condition. Don't ignore your knee pain; seek medical attention promptly and get back to your active lifestyle. Ultimately, PFPS is a common and treatable condition that affects many runners. It is important to be aware of the symptoms, causes, and potential treatments to ensure runner's knee can be properly managed. By following the tips outlined in this article, you can take necessary steps to diagnose the condition early on and seek adequate treatment. Strengthening exercises are also beneficial for preventing and managing runner's knee. Additionally, paying attention to how certain activities or exercises affect your knee can help you identify when it’s time to rest as well as when to adjust your training plan. Since proper management is key for preventing more serious issues from occurring, seeking medical attention from a physiotherapist or sports medicine specialist if things don’t clear up with self care is always advised. With proper education and management of PFPS, runners can both successfully keep their knees healthy and pursue the activity that they love! **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Joint Care, Knee **Tags:** Knee Pain, Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, PFPS, Runner's knee --- ### [Urgent Care for Orthopedic Injuries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) **Published:** May 5, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** From broken bones to sprains, it pays to know which medical facilities are best equipped to handle this type of emergency situation – that’s why we want you to understand why our clinic is the perfect choice for all sorts of urgent care needs related to orthopedics. We want to provide you with information about common injuries, symptoms and causes associated with acute musculoskeletal conditions, as well as how quick access to expert services can make a critical difference in getting fast relief and healing potential. **Content:** If you’ve just injured yourself and need help dealing with an orthopedic-related issue, then finding the right urgent care can be a daunting task. Knowing what types of orthopedic injuries require time-sensitive medical treatment can help keep your injury from worsening over time. From broken bones to sprains, it pays to know which medical facilities are best equipped to handle this type of emergency situation – that’s why we want you to understand why our clinic is the perfect choice for all sorts of urgent care needs related to orthopedics. We want to provide you with information about common injuries, symptoms and causes associated with acute musculoskeletal conditions, as well as how quick access to expert services can make a critical difference in getting fast relief and healing potential. By the end of this post, we hope you have a better understanding of when it's necessary visit an urgent care facility if faced with an orthopedic injury or condition. ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped smaller 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-cropped-smaller-04-1024x384.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped smaller 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Why Urgent Care Might be Necessary for Orthopedic Injuries Orthopedic injuries can cause severe and incapacitating pain, and seeking medical care in a timely manner can make all the difference in your road to recovery. Urgent care centers are a valuable resource for those who have suffered from orthopedic injuries, providing prompt medical attention and treatment in emergency situations. These facilities have the resources and expertise to evaluate and diagnose fractures, dislocations, and other musculoskeletal injuries, as well as provide a range of treatments and therapies. With extended hours and weekend availability, urgent care centers are an accessible and convenient alternative to the emergency room for patients who need immediate treatment for their orthopedic injuries. Don't let a musculoskeletal injury sideline you - seek out urgent care and get back to your active lifestyle as quickly as possible. ![candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped 22](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Candids-Stier-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-cropped-22-e1639758319533-1024x342.jpg "candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped 22 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Most Common Orthopedic Injuries That Require Urgent Care There is never a good time for an injury, but when it comes to orthopedic injuries, seeking urgent care can be the key to avoiding serious long-term damage. Some of the most common orthopedic injuries that require immediate attention include fractures, sprains, and dislocations. These injuries can be painful and debilitating, but with prompt treatment, patients can often return to normal activities in a matter of weeks. Whether you are an athlete or simply taking a walk around the block, it is important to recognize the signs of an orthopedic injury and seek medical attention when necessary. Don't let an injury sideline you for longer than necessary - seek urgent care as soon as possible. ![exteriors ewing office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Exteriors-Ewing-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-cropped-02-1024x409.jpeg "exteriors ewing office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What Our Clinic Offers in Terms of Urgent Care for Orthopedic Injuries Injuries can happen at any moment and it's important to have a reliable and efficient place to seek medical attention. At our clinic, we understand the urgency and severity of orthopedic injuries, which is why we offer exceptional urgent care to our patients. Our highly trained physicians specialize in diagnosing and treating orthopedic injuries, such as sprains, fractures, and dislocations. Additionally, we provide on-site x-rays and physical therapy to properly assess and treat our patients. We strive to ensure that our patients receive the highest quality of care and attention, so that they can quickly recover and get back to their daily routines. Whether it's a weekend sports injury or a slip and fall accident, we are here to provide top-notch orthopedic urgent care. ## Tips on How to Prepare Yourself for Urgent Care for Orthopedic Injuries Orthopedic injuries can happen when we least expect it. Perhaps you slipped on a wet floor, twisted your ankle while hiking, or experienced a painful sports-related impact. These kinds of injuries may require immediate care. But how do you prepare for such situations? It's important to have a plan of action in case of an orthopedic emergency. Educate yourself on the signs and symptoms of common injuries, such as sprains, strains, and fractures. Know where your nearest urgent care facility is located and program the contact number into your phone. Consider the items you may need in your first-aid kit in case of an emergency, such as pain relievers, ice packs, and bandages. With these preparations in place, you can have peace of mind and be ready to handle an orthopedic emergency. ## Common Misconceptions About Seeking Urgent Care For Orthopedic Injuries When it comes to orthopedic injuries, many people believe that seeking urgent care is unnecessary or even a waste of time. However, this is a common misconception that can lead to more serious problems down the line. Waiting too long to get treatment can exacerbate the injury and prolong recovery time. In fact, seeking urgent care for orthopedic injuries can often lead to quicker and more effective treatment options, allowing you to get back on your feet as soon as possible. So don't let these misconceptions stop you from seeking the care you need. Your overall health and well-being depends on it. ## Benefits of Seeking Immediate Treatment For Orthopedic Injuries Orthopedic injuries can be painful and debilitating, but seeking immediate treatment can make all the difference in your recovery. When you visit a healthcare professional right away, they can accurately diagnose your injury and provide you with a personalized treatment plan tailored to your needs. This can help you avoid further complications and reduce the risk of chronic pain. Early treatment can also help speed up your healing process, allowing you to get back to your normal activities sooner. By seeking immediate treatment for your orthopedic injury, you are taking proactive steps to ensure your health and well-being. In conclusion, urgent care for orthopedic injuries is essential to helping you get the care you need—when you need it. Whether you have a sprained ankle or some type of fracture, our clinic can help diagnose the issue and set up treatment plans to reduce discomfort and accelerate healing. We understand that it's confusing trying to decide if a condition warrants urgent care: no one wants to end up being misdiagnosed or having a problem worsen. That’s why we emphasize the importance of educate yourself beforehand, as well as understanding common misconceptions about seeking urgent care for orthopedic injuries before doing so. We also provide tips on how to prepare for ever seeking such services in an urgent fashion. With all this information in mind, hopefully our blog post has eased your stress when it comes to deciding whether or not it’s necessary to resort to urgent care for your orthopedic injury. Ultimately, the decision depends on each patient’s condition; so be sure to always seek professional medical advice when facing such problems! **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Urgent Care **Tags:** Injuries, treatment, Urgent Care --- ### [Treating and Preventing Sciatic Pain through Stretching and Exercise](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-and-preventing-sciatic-pain-through-stretching-and-exercise/) **Published:** April 7, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Sciatic pain, often referred to as sciatica, is a prevalent and sometimes debilitating condition that originates from the sciatic nerve – the largest and longest nerve in the human body. **Content:** Sciatic pain can be a debilitating issue, especially for those who lead an active lifestyle. Whether you're an avid hiker or enjoy weekend outings of biking, the back and leg discomfort associated with sciatica can put a serious damper on how much activity you can handle. Thankfully, there are steps that you—the active person experiencing sciatic pain—can take to both treat and prevent this particular kind of discomfort. As an orthopedic specialty group, we believe it is important that everyone takes their health into their own hands when possible by understanding what their body requires in order to stay healthy and strong. That's why were happy to share the stretches and exercises necessary to help alleviate your sciatic pain while strengthening your back so that you'll be prepared for years of future activities ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 50](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-50-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 50 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What is Sciatic Pain and Its Causes? Sciatic pain, often referred to as sciatica, is a prevalent and sometimes debilitating condition that originates from the sciatic nerve – the largest and longest nerve in the human body. This nerve extends from the lower back, through the hips and buttocks, and branches down each leg, controlling much of the sensation we experience in these areas. When the sciatic nerve becomes irritated or compressed, it can result in a range of symptoms such as severe lower back pain, sharp shooting pain, tingling, numbness, or weakness in the legs, hips, or buttocks. The primary cause of sciatica is often attributed to a herniated or slipped disc, which can exert pressure on the nerve. Other common causes may include conditions like spinal stenosis, piriformis syndrome, and spondylolisthesis. In addition to these, factors such as obesity, prolonged sitting, and improper lifting techniques can further exacerbate the risk of developing sciatic pain. ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## The Benefits of Stretching for Sciatic Pain Relief The alleviation of sciatic pain is a widely-discussed subject, and one of the most effective methods to address this issue is through stretching. Stretching benefits individuals suffering from sciatic pain by gently releasing tension in the muscles surrounding the sciatic nerve, thus easing the pressure and allowing a better range of motion. Incorporating a regular stretching routine not only targets the root cause of pain, but it also promotes overall flexibility, reducing the risk of further aggravated sciatic episodes. It is important to note that performing stretches specific to the lower back and gluteal muscles is crucial in facilitating this relief process. Consequently, seeking guidance from a healthcare professional or a certified therapist ensures that the appropriate stretching techniques are employed to achieve optimal relief for sciatic pain. ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Exercises to Strengthen the Lower Back Muscles Lower back muscles play a crucial role in maintaining the stability and flexibility of the spine, making it essential to include exercises aimed at strengthening this area in our fitness routine. With an increased rate of sedentary lifestyles and poor posture habits, a significant number of people report lower back pain and discomfort, which can affect daily activities and overall well-being. By incorporating targeted exercises such as lumbar extension, pelvic tilt, cat-cow stretch, and deadlifts, individuals can effectively build muscle strength, enhance range of motion, and alleviate discomfort. Furthermore, practicing core-strengthening activities like Pilates and yoga can complement these exercises by bolstering the muscles that support the lower back, ultimately leading to better posture, pain reduction, and improved quality of life. To maximize results, it is crucial to adopt a consistent approach, maintain proper form, and consult a healthcare or fitness professional for individualized guidance. ## Recommended Stretches for Sciatica Sufferers Dealing with sciatica pain can be a challenging task for many individuals, as it tends to have a significant impact on their daily life activities. However, incorporating certain stretches in your fitness routine can help alleviate this discomfort to a large extent. It is crucial to focus on stretches that specifically target the lower back, glutes, and hamstrings, as these areas play a major role in sciatic nerve function. Some key stretching exercises include the knee-to-chest stretch, the pigeon pose, and the seated spinal twist. Engaging in these targeted stretches consistently can not only provide immediate relief, but can also help in the long term by promoting flexibility and maintaining spinal health. Remember to consult with a medical professional or a physiotherapist before starting any new exercise routine to ensure that it's tailored to your specific needs and is safe for your condition. ## Tips on How to Avoid Recurring Sciatic Pain in the Future Experiencing recurrent sciatic pain can significantly disrupt an individual's daily routine, affecting their overall quality of life. Consequently, it is crucial to be proactive in implementing strategies to help reduce the risk of enduring this distress in the future. One effective approach is to engage in regular exercise, focused primarily on stretching and strengthening muscles in the lower back, hips, and core. This can improve posture and provide essential support to the lumbar spine, which often contributes to sciatic pain. Another critical factor to consider is maintaining a healthy body weight, as excessive weight can place unnecessary pressure on the sciatic nerve. In addition, practicing good ergonomic habits, such as using chairs that promote proper alignment, can make a substantial difference in avoiding sciatic discomfort. Lastly, consulting with a medical professional to identify the root cause of one's sciatic pain is imperative in order to establish a tailored prevention and management plan that effectively addresses the individual's unique needs. ## When to See an Orthopedic Specialist for Further Help with Pain Management Dealing with persistent pain can be incredibly daunting but knowing when to seek help from an orthopedic specialist can be a game-changer for effective pain management. Recognizing persistent pain that doesn't respond to conventional methods is essential; it could be a sign of a deeper problem that warrants professional intervention. An orthopedic specialist offers a cache of knowledge and expertise in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disorders related to the musculoskeletal system. When pain begins to negatively impact your daily activities, work, and overall quality of life, seeking specialized help is imperative. Do not hesitate to consult with an orthopedic specialist to determine the most suitable treatment options for your condition, empowering you to regain control of your well-being and resume the activities you enjoy. Taking care of your body with regular stretching and exercise can be one of the best ways to prevent sciatic pain. Maintaining good posture, staying active on a daily basis, doing low-impact exercises like swimming or cycling, and using a support pillow to help with sleeping are all important tips to consider when trying to reduce this type of pain. Although sciatica is painful, it doesn’t have to be chronic or debilitating. With the right knowledge, you can develop the tools you need to reduce the amount of discomfort you experience and take back your life. When regular stretching and at-home treatments fail to make a difference in your sciatic pain symptoms, then it’s time to reach out for further help from an orthopedic specialist who can guide you through a tailored plan for alleviating your pain. We would love to help you as your specialists. Contact us today and let us help you! **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Physical Therapy, Spine **Tags:** Back Pain, Sciatic Nerve, Sciatica --- ### [Diagnosing and Treating Psoriatic Arthritis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/diagnosing-and-treating-psoriatic-arthritis/) **Published:** March 25, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic, autoimmune disorder that occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues, specifically targeting the joints and skin. **Content:** Psoriatic arthritis is a type of inflammatory joint disease that causes pain, swelling, and sensitivity in many parts of the body. If caught early on, Psoriatic Arthritis can be managed with proper treatment. At this time there is no known cure for the condition however, patients often have periods where their symptoms improve or even go into remission. Through accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment from an orthopedic specialist like myself here today, we can minimize and manage the symptoms associated with Psoriatic Arthritis. In this blog poster are going to explain how it's diagnosed before offering tips on how best to treat and manage the symptoms. ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-cropped-29-1024x409.jpeg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What is Psoriatic Arthritis and How is it Diagnosed Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic, autoimmune disorder that occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues, specifically targeting the joints and skin. This complex condition results in a combination of symptoms that are not only characteristic of arthritis, such as joint pain and inflammation, but also of psoriasis, which manifests as red, scaly skin patches. Diagnosing psoriatic arthritis can be challenging, as it shares similarities with other types of arthritis and its symptoms may not all present simultaneously. Specialists, such as rheumatologists and dermatologists, play a pivotal role in the diagnostic process, employing a thorough assessment of the patient's medical history, careful physical examination, and certain diagnostic tests like blood tests and imaging studies. Furthermore, they also investigate the presence of particular genetic markers correlated with the disease to help differentiate it from other conditions. Early and accurate diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis is critical in implementing appropriate treatments and minimizing potential long-term complications. ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1-1024x576.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Symptoms of Psoriatic Arthritis and Common Misconceptions TPsoriatic arthritis is a complex and frequently misunderstood autoimmune disease that affects both the skin and the joints. Many people are unaware of the various symptoms associated with it, which can lead to misdiagnosis or delay in receiving appropriate medical care. Early indicators of this condition may include joint pain, stiffness, and swelling, as well as fatigue, reduced range of motion, and even changes in nail appearance. In contrast to popular misconceptions that psoriatic arthritis only affects those with psoriasis, it is crucial to understand that not everyone with the skin condition will develop joint involvement, and some individuals may manifest arthritis symptoms even before skin lesions become noticeable. Consequently, it is essential for medical professionals and patients alike to stay informed about the diverse manifestations of psoriatic arthritis to ensure prompt diagnosis and initiation of effective treatment strategies, significantly improving overall quality of life for those affected by this debilitating condition. ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-28-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Common Tests Used to Diagnose Psoriatic Arthritis Psoriatic arthritis, a chronic and progressive autoimmune disorder, affects individuals who suffer from both psoriasis and arthritis. Early identification and treatment are crucial in minimizing joint damage, preserving mobility, and maintaining a good quality of life. To accurately diagnose psoriatic arthritis, healthcare professionals employ various tests and assessments that focus on identifying the characteristic symptoms and ruling out other conditions. Such tests include blood tests like the rheumatoid factor (RF) and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test, which help healthcare providers distinguish psoriatic arthritis from rheumatoid arthritis and gauge the level of inflammation in the body. Additionally, medical imaging techniques such as x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound may be used to gather more information about the structural changes in the affected joints. A thorough examination by a skilled physician, coupled with comprehensive testing, ensures an accurate diagnosis and an effective treatment plan tailored to the needs of each patient. ## The Different Types of Treatment Options Available The realm of treatment options available to patients today is vast and multifaceted, offering an incredible spectrum of potential avenues towards recovery and well-being. As the medical field continuously evolves and expands, professionals are able to effectively address an ever-growing variety of health conditions, utilizing approaches that range from traditional to cutting-edge. Among the myriad of options are pharmacological interventions, where medications are prescribed to alleviate symptoms or cure the ailment, and surgical procedures that may be deemed necessary to restore proper bodily function. Additionally, many health professionals are increasingly recognizing the importance of incorporating alternative and complementary therapies like acupuncture, massage therapy, and mindfulness techniques to provide a more holistic and patient-centered approach to care. Furthermore, advancements in technology have also paved the way for innovative medical procedures such as gene therapy and regenerative medicine, which hold the promise of revolutionizing the way we treat and understand a wide array of diseases. Ultimately, the diverse array of treatment options available to patients underscores the commitment of the medical community to address the unique needs of each individual and ensure the highest possible quality of care. ## **Benefits of Early Diagnosis and Treatment** The benefits of early diagnosis and treatment in the realm of healthcare cannot be overstated. As medical professionals, we understand the significance of identifying and addressing illnesses or medical conditions in their nascent stages. Timely intervention not only increases the likelihood of successful treatment outcomes, but also minimizes the risk of complications that may arise from delaying essential care. Early diagnosis empowers individuals to take informed decisions about their health, which can potentially result in improved quality of life and reduced overall healthcare costs. Moreover, early intervention plays a crucial role in mitigating the spread of infectious diseases, thereby contributing to the overall well-being of communities. As we continue to advance in the field of medicine, it is crucial that we emphasize the crucial nature of early diagnosis and treatment, ensuring positive outcomes for both individuals and societies at large. ## **Exploring Alternative Treatments for Psoriatic Arthritis** As the prevalence of psoriatic arthritis continues to rise, the need for effective and personalized treatment options has become increasingly urgent. The quest for alternative treatments has begun to garner serious attention from both patients and healthcare professionals alike. In response to this growing demand, researchers are diligently exploring these unconventional avenues of care, ranging from innovative pharmaceutical therapies to holistic approaches. Alongside the standard disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biologic agents, complementary therapies such as acupuncture, dietary modifications, and herbal supplementation are being investigated for their potential benefits in reducing the symptoms and ensuring an improved quality of life for those living with psoriatic arthritis. As this field of research evolves and expands, it holds great promise for a future in which patients may have access to tailored, comprehensive care that tends to their unique needs and circumstances. In conclusion, we have explored the basics of Psoriatic Arthritis – what it is, how it is diagnosed and treated. While it can be a disabling condition at times, there are many treatment options available to those afflicted. By diagnosing and treating Psoriatic Arthritis early, many of its symptoms can be controlled or even eliminated altogether. For those looking to explore even more options for treatment, looking into alternative treatments may also be beneficial. Ultimately, with an open attitude and the help from a qualified orthopedic specialist , those living with Psoriatic Arthritis can learn to manage their condition and live with greater stability. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Elbow, Hip, Joint Care, Knee **Tags:** arthritis, Joint Care, joints, psoriasis --- ### [Treating a Sprained Ankle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-a-sprained-ankle/) **Published:** March 17, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** A ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops outside of a joint or along a tendon. These cysts are usually benign, but can occasionally become painful. In this blog post, we will discuss how ganglion cysts are diagnosed and treated. **Content:** A ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops outside of a joint or along a tendon. These cysts are usually benign, but can occasionally become painful. In this blog post, we will discuss how ganglion cysts are diagnosed and treated. If you have any questions or concerns about your own health, be sure to get in touch with us here at Princeton Orthopaedics so that we can schedule an appointment. ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-36-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What is a ganglion cyst and what causes it to form? A ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled bump or mass that can occur in joints and on tendons of the arms, wrists, hands, feet, and legs. Though ganglion cysts are typically not painful, their pressure on nerves may cause discomfort. Ganglion cysts form when lubricating joint fluid accumulates around a joint capsule or tendon sheath. The actual cause of ganglion cysts is unknown but can be attributed to repeated stress on the area, age-related degeneration of ligaments and tendons, or weak areas in connective tissue. They are most common among women between the ages of 20 to 40 as well as those participating in sports activities that involve sudden stops and motions like racket sports or gymnastics. ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## How can you diagnose a ganglion cyst? A ganglion cyst is a common benign (non-cancerous) bump that appears near joints or tendons. Diagnosing a ganglion cyst typically begins with a physical examination from a doctor. During the exam, your doctor will check the area for swelling and tenderness. They may also ask some questions about your symptoms. Once the ganglion cyst is identified, additional testing may be performed to rule out other conditions like infections, arthritis or a tumor. An X-ray may be ordered to assess the joint and surrounding tissue for changes that could lead to the ganglion cyst development. Additionally, ultrasound imaging can be used to help diagnose ganglion cysts more accurately and determine their size and location. Knowing these details can help your doctor develop an appropriate treatment plan to reduce discomfort and minimize any problems associated with ganglions cysts in the future. ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What are the treatment options for a ganglion cyst? Treatment options for a ganglion cyst vary depending on the size and location of the cyst. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary if the cyst is small and causes no pain or discomfort. A physician may choose to watch a small cyst over time to see if any changes occur. For larger or more painful cysts, there are both non-surgical and surgical treatments that can be employed. Non-surgical treatment includes draining the fluid from the cyst with a needle and medications to reduce inflammation. The use of splints also can offer relief if the cyst is located in an area easily immobilized by splints. Surgical removal in more serious cases may also be an option that resolves the issue, but should only be done as a last resort given its invasive nature. ## Surgery vs. nonsurgical options When considering treatment options for ganglion cysts, patients often have to weigh the pros and cons of surgery versus nonsurgical options. Surgery is more invasive but generally offers a better chance of completely eliminating the ganglion cyst than nonsurgical options. Nonsurgical treatments may be better suited for those who want a faster recovery time or who are unable to undergo surgery due to age or health concerns. However, such treatments usually require multiple sessions over an extended period of time and sometimes provide only temporary relief from pain or discomfort associated with ganglion cysts. Ultimately, defining which treatment option is best is a difficult decision that must be made in consultation with medical professionals who have taken into account each patient's unique needs. ## Recovery from surgery/nonsurgical treatments Surgery and nonsurgical treatments can be necessary to help with ganglion cysts and other medical issues. Surgery is generally recommended when the ganglion is causing discomfort, and it can help reduce recurrence by removing pressure on the tendons or nerves. Nonsurgical treatment involves draining fluid with a needle, which can provide relief for some ganglions. Recovery times vary depending on the patient and their individual situation, but it typically involves several days of activity restriction followed gradually by physical therapy to help restore strength and movement in affected areas. It's important for patients to understand that care following surgery or a nonsurgical treatment plan is vital for long-term successful recovery! ## Prevention of future ganglion cysts The development of ganglion cysts can cause extreme distress and frustration for sufferers, as well as a large amount of pain and discomfort. One way to reduce the risk of ganglion cyst formation is to practice good joint health. Participating in low-impact activities such as cycling, stretching and swimming can help ensure that the joints remain lubricated and flexible; this will promote mobility, increase strength in surrounding muscles and help prevent joint injury, reducing your risk of ganglion cysts. Additionally, regularly monitoring body movement patterns may also aid in preventing ganglion cyst formation as it allows for early identification and correction of any asymmetries or movement habits that could lead to ganglia development. Educating yourself on proper ergonomics when performing repetitive activities is also essential for ganglion cyst prevention. Last but not least, avoiding excessively tight or restrictive footwear can prevent pressure on your joints which could result in ganglia formation. By taking proactive measures today to safeguard the condition of our joints we can reduce our chances of developing a ganglion cyst tomorrow. A ganglion cyst is a growth that usually appears on the back of the wrist, hand, or fingers. It may also occur on the foot or ankle. Ganglion cysts are not cancerous and tend to fluctuate in size. They might get larger when you use your joints a lot or during times of stress. If you think you have a ganglion cyst it’s best to seek medical attention so we can diagnose and treat it accordingly. There are both surgical and non-surgical options for treatment depending on factors such as size, location, symptoms, and patient preference. Recovery from surgery typically takes one to two weeks but for nonsurgical treatments like aspiration/injection with corticosteroids, recovery time is shorter since there is no wound to heal. Prevention measures include avoiding activities that put unnecessary stress on joints as well as wearing protective gear when participating in high-impact activities. If you are suffering from pain in your wrists or forearms and have bumps associated with them, you'll want to get a diagnosis from a doctor. Our specialists at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates are some of the best physicians around. You're in good hands with us and we'd love the opportunity to help you live pain-free as you do the things you love to do. Contact us today and schedule an appointment. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Forearm, Ganglion Cyst, hands, Wrist --- ### [Diagnosing and Treating a Ganglion Cyst](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/diagnosing-and-treating-a-ganglion-cyst/) **Published:** March 10, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** A ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops outside of a joint or along a tendon. These cysts are usually benign, but can occasionally become painful. In this blog post, we will discuss how ganglion cysts are diagnosed and treated. **Content:** A ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops outside of a joint or along a tendon. These cysts are usually benign, but can occasionally become painful. In this blog post, we will discuss how ganglion cysts are diagnosed and treated. If you have any questions or concerns about your own health, be sure to get in touch with us here at Princeton Orthopaedics so that we can schedule an appointment. ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What is a ganglion cyst and what causes it to form? A ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled bump or mass that can occur in joints and on tendons of the arms, wrists, hands, feet, and legs. Though ganglion cysts are typically not painful, their pressure on nerves may cause discomfort. Ganglion cysts form when lubricating joint fluid accumulates around a joint capsule or tendon sheath. The actual cause of ganglion cysts is unknown but can be attributed to repeated stress on the area, age-related degeneration of ligaments and tendons, or weak areas in connective tissue. They are most common among women between the ages of 20 to 40 as well as those participating in sports activities that involve sudden stops and motions like racket sports or gymnastics. ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 30sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-30Sharpen-Motion-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 30sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## How can you diagnose a ganglion cyst? A ganglion cyst is a common benign (non-cancerous) bump that appears near joints or tendons. Diagnosing a ganglion cyst typically begins with a physical examination from a doctor. During the exam, your doctor will check the area for swelling and tenderness. They may also ask some questions about your symptoms. Once the ganglion cyst is identified, additional testing may be performed to rule out other conditions like infections, arthritis or a tumor. An X-ray may be ordered to assess the joint and surrounding tissue for changes that could lead to the ganglion cyst development. Additionally, ultrasound imaging can be used to help diagnose ganglion cysts more accurately and determine their size and location. Knowing these details can help your doctor develop an appropriate treatment plan to reduce discomfort and minimize any problems associated with ganglions cysts in the future. ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-07-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What are the treatment options for a ganglion cyst? Treatment options for a ganglion cyst vary depending on the size and location of the cyst. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary if the cyst is small and causes no pain or discomfort. A physician may choose to watch a small cyst over time to see if any changes occur. For larger or more painful cysts, there are both non-surgical and surgical treatments that can be employed. Non-surgical treatment includes draining the fluid from the cyst with a needle and medications to reduce inflammation. The use of splints also can offer relief if the cyst is located in an area easily immobilized by splints. Surgical removal in more serious cases may also be an option that resolves the issue, but should only be done as a last resort given its invasive nature. ## Surgery vs. nonsurgical options When considering treatment options for ganglion cysts, patients often have to weigh the pros and cons of surgery versus nonsurgical options. Surgery is more invasive but generally offers a better chance of completely eliminating the ganglion cyst than nonsurgical options. Nonsurgical treatments may be better suited for those who want a faster recovery time or who are unable to undergo surgery due to age or health concerns. However, such treatments usually require multiple sessions over an extended period of time and sometimes provide only temporary relief from pain or discomfort associated with ganglion cysts. Ultimately, defining which treatment option is best is a difficult decision that must be made in consultation with medical professionals who have taken into account each patient's unique needs. ## Recovery from surgery/nonsurgical treatments Surgery and nonsurgical treatments can be necessary to help with ganglion cysts and other medical issues. Surgery is generally recommended when the ganglion is causing discomfort, and it can help reduce recurrence by removing pressure on the tendons or nerves. Nonsurgical treatment involves draining fluid with a needle, which can provide relief for some ganglions. Recovery times vary depending on the patient and their individual situation, but it typically involves several days of activity restriction followed gradually by physical therapy to help restore strength and movement in affected areas. It's important for patients to understand that care following surgery or a nonsurgical treatment plan is vital for long-term successful recovery! ## Prevention of future ganglion cysts The development of ganglion cysts can cause extreme distress and frustration for sufferers, as well as a large amount of pain and discomfort. One way to reduce the risk of ganglion cyst formation is to practice good joint health. Participating in low-impact activities such as cycling, stretching and swimming can help ensure that the joints remain lubricated and flexible; this will promote mobility, increase strength in surrounding muscles and help prevent joint injury, reducing your risk of ganglion cysts. Additionally, regularly monitoring body movement patterns may also aid in preventing ganglion cyst formation as it allows for early identification and correction of any asymmetries or movement habits that could lead to ganglia development. Educating yourself on proper ergonomics when performing repetitive activities is also essential for ganglion cyst prevention. Last but not least, avoiding excessively tight or restrictive footwear can prevent pressure on your joints which could result in ganglia formation. By taking proactive measures today to safeguard the condition of our joints we can reduce our chances of developing a ganglion cyst tomorrow. A ganglion cyst is a growth that usually appears on the back of the wrist, hand, or fingers. It may also occur on the foot or ankle. Ganglion cysts are not cancerous and tend to fluctuate in size. They might get larger when you use your joints a lot or during times of stress. If you think you have a ganglion cyst it’s best to seek medical attention so we can diagnose and treat it accordingly. There are both surgical and non-surgical options for treatment depending on factors such as size, location, symptoms, and patient preference. Recovery from surgery typically takes one to two weeks but for nonsurgical treatments like aspiration/injection with corticosteroids, recovery time is shorter since there is no wound to heal. Prevention measures include avoiding activities that put unnecessary stress on joints as well as wearing protective gear when participating in high-impact activities. If you are suffering from pain in your wrists or forearms and have bumps associated with them, you'll want to get a diagnosis from a doctor. Our specialists at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates are some of the best physicians around. You're in good hands with us and we'd love the opportunity to help you live pain-free as you do the things you love to do. Contact us today and schedule an appointment. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Forearm, Ganglion Cyst, hands, Wrist --- ### [Diagnosing and Treating Trigger Finger](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/diagnosing-and-treating-trigger-finger/) **Published:** February 1, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Are you dealing with uncomfortable or painful joint pain in your fingers? If so, you may be experiencing trigger finger, which is caused by inflammation and narrowing in the tendons around your finger joints. Fortunately, this condition can usually be treated effectively with some modifications to lifestyle habits as well as medical treatment. In this guide, we'll take a closer look at diagnosing and treating trigger finger to help you get back to living life without persistent joint pain. **Content:** Are you dealing with uncomfortable or painful joint pain in your fingers? If so, you may be experiencing trigger finger, which is caused by inflammation and narrowing in the tendons around your finger joints. Fortunately, this condition can usually be treated effectively with some modifications to lifestyle habits as well as medical treatment. In this guide, we'll take a closer look at diagnosing and treating trigger finger to help you get back to living life without persistent joint pain. ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What Is Trigger Finger? Trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition that affects the tendons in the fingers and thumb. It occurs when one of the tendons in the finger or thumb becomes inflamed and thickened. This makes it difficult for the tendon to move smoothly through its normal range of motion and can cause your finger or thumb to get stuck in a bent position. It may also cause a popping or clicking sound as you move your finger or thumb. ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 45](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-45-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 45 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Common causes of trigger finger are repetitive activities such as typing or gripping tools with your hands for extended periods of time. If you think you may have symptoms of trigger finger, talk with your doctor right away so they can diagnose it accurately and provide appropriate treatment options. With proper care, most people with trigger finger can manage their symptoms and resume their normal activities without long-term issues. ## Common Causes of Trigger Finger The inflammation and thickening of the tissue that surrounds the tendons in the finger that causes trigger finger can make it hard for the tendon to move through its normal path and cause a sensation of “catching” or “locking” in the affected joint. Symptoms of trigger finger include pain in the affected area, difficulty straightening or bending the affected digit, and tenderness. If left untreated, trigger finger can lead to a permanent disability of the affected hand. There are several possible causes of trigger finger, some activity-related and others related to the overall health of your body. Most of the activity-related causes are repetitive activities such as typing on a computer or playing musical instruments. Gripping an object too hard can also be a cause of trigger finger, particularly if the object is a tool that you have to hold and use over and over. If you work, say, in construction, then a hammer is a good example of this. Other contributing factors have their origin in intrinsic health issues, especially inflammatory conditions. Inflammatory conditions are those occurrences that, obviously, cause inflammation in your body. That sounds ridiculous to explain, but sometimes the reality isn't so obvious. You may know that there are inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and lupus. But did you also know that diabetes, obesity, infections, and even pregnancy also cause inflammation? These conditions may affect your hands or fingers in the joints. You may also get trigger finger as a result of a trauma or an injury to the hand. ![xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22 sharpenai sln 1](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Xray-Casting-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-22-SharpenAI-sln-1-1024x683.jpg "xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22 sharpenai sln 1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Diagnosing Trigger Finger Symptoms of trigger finger can vary from person to person depending on what’s causing it, but typically include pain at the base of your affected fingers/thumb; stiffness when moving your finger/thumb; popping/clicking sounds when moving your fingers/thumb; and locking of your affected fingers/thumb into a bent position that can only be released with help from another person (known as triggering). Noticing your symptoms is the first step in diagnosis and treatment. The next step is to see a specialist who can help treat it. Diagnosis usually involves a physical examination by a doctor or orthopedic specialist who will look at range of motion of your finger joints, examine your hands for redness and swelling, and listen to you tell your story about how this condition developed. In some cases an x-ray may be ordered to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms such as arthritis. Further tests such as an ultrasound may also be recommended to get a better look at soft tissues like joints and ligaments. Treatment options include conservative measures such as splints, cortisone injections, and physiotherapy; however, if these treatments do not work then surgery is considered to release the tendon from its sheath to restore mobility and reduce pain. The recovery period for this type of surgery is usually around six weeks with full recovery possible within twelve weeks. ## Treating Trigger Finger In order to treat trigger finger, there are both lifestyle modifications and medical treatments available. Lifestyle modifications are the first step in treating trigger finger. Medical treatment includes corticosteroid injections into the affected area of the hand, splinting and bracing of your affected fingers during treatment, oral medications to reduce inflammation and pain relief from topical creams/ointments or over-the-counter medications such as ibuprofen. Surgery may also be required if other treatments fail to alleviate symptoms after several months of non-surgical management. Treatment for trigger finger may involve lifestyle changes such as avoiding activities that cause strain on your hands, using braces or splints for support, taking medications to reduce inflammation, getting regular exercise for better joint flexibility, and stretching exercises specifically designed for hands. In some cases where symptoms are severe and don’t respond to nonsurgical treatments, surgery may be recommended to release the tight tendon sheath so that it can move more freely. Recovery time after surgery may take anywhere from six weeks to three months depending on how quickly you heal. It is important to note that it is essential to seek medical advice if symptoms persist after trying lifestyle modifications as trigger finger can worsen over time if left untreated. Your doctor will conduct an examination and be able to determine the best course of treatment based on the severity of your condition. There are various treatments available for trigger finger depending on their severity; these range from avoiding activities that put stress on your hand to steroid injections or even surgery if necessary. One way to prevent developing a trigger finger is by regularly taking breaks from gripping tools or other such activities so your hands have a chance to rest. ## Coping with and Managing Trigger Finger Trigger Finger is an often painful condition that can affect the mobility of the fingers and thumb. It occurs when one of the finger's tendons becomes inflamed, causing it to catch or lock when straightened. People with trigger finger may experience catching sensations as they try to move their finger, pain in the palm of their hand near the base of their finger, swelling at the base of their finger, difficulty moving their fingers or a popping sensation when trying to straighten out a bent finger. This condition can interfere with normal activities like grasping objects or making a fist. Fortunately, there are a few strategies for coping with and managing Trigger Finger. Strengthening exercises are among the most effective methods for reducing symptoms; these exercises involve squeezing small objects like putty or stress balls to increase tendon strength and flexibility. Avoiding forceful gripping activities such as using tools or playing stringed instruments can help reduce inflammation and discomfort. Wearing a splint at night that keeps your fingers in a slightly flexed position can prevent further irritation and allow for greater mobility during the day. Additionally, rest and ice are crucial components in managing this condition; resting your hands throughout the day and applying ice packs after strenuous activity can reduce swelling and pain associated with Trigger Finger. If you have been diagnosed with Trigger Finger, it is important to speak to your doctor about treatment options that are right for you. In some cases, steroid injections may be used to reduce inflammation around the affected tendon sheath; however, this type of treatment should only be done under medical supervision due to potential side effects such as infection or nerve damage. Surgery is an option for more severe cases but should only be done if other treatments fail to produce results. Although living with Trigger Finger can be difficult at times, having knowledge about possible treatments can help make living with this condition much easier! If you experience any of the symptoms discussed in this article, make sure to connect with us here at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates to set up a consultation with one of our specialists. Trigger finger is a common condition that can be painful and impede functionality if left untreated. Although there are some medical treatments available, often times making simple lifestyle changes is enough to provide relief. With proper care, trigger finger can be managed so that it does not interfere with your quality of life. We can help you with all of that. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Joint Care, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Back Pain, Spinal Stenosis, Spinal Stenosis Treatment, Vertiflex, Vertiflex Procedure --- ### [An Overview of Turf Toe: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/an-overview-of-turf-toe-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/) **Published:** February 11, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Turf toe is an injury to the ligaments around the big toe join. It commonly occurs in athletes who play on artificial turf surfaces or hard natural ground. **Content:** Have you ever heard of turf toe? Chances are you’ve heard the term but don’t know exactly what it is. Turf toe is an injury to the ligaments around the big toe joint—also known as the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. It commonly occurs in athletes who play sports on artificial turf surfaces or hard natural ground. In this article, we will discuss its common symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment and prevention methods to help you better understand turf toe and how to treat it. ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What is Turf Toe? Turf toe occurs when the big toe joint is hyperextended backward beyond its normal range of motion. This puts excessive strain on the ligaments that connect the toes to the foot and can cause them to become severely overstretched or completely torn. The most common symptom of turf toe is pain along with swelling, bruising and a feeling of instability at the base of the big toe. Depending on how severe your injury is, you may also experience difficulty walking or bending your big toe. Turf toe is an injury most commonly seen among athletes due to the sudden and sharp movements of quick turns, stops, and running. It often affects sports such as football, soccer, and basketball. The plantar plate located underneath the big toe can become overstretched or torn from these activities and cause extreme discomfort. Symptoms from turf toe include pain when walking on a hard surface, swelling in the area of the injury, decreases range or movement in your toe, and difficulty standing or putting weight on it. Diagnosis is usually done through physical examination coupled with imaging scans that are undertaken for further assurance. Treatment for turf toe can include icing the affected area, taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), wearing a stiff-soled shoe with orthotics inserts to reduce strain on your toe, or even surgery in some severe cases. With the prevention of turf toe being difficult due to its spontaneous nature - regular stretching before exercise and building up strength in your foot can help reduce the likelihood of experiencing this type of injury. ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-32-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Diagnosis of Turf Toe Turf toe is an incredibly uncomfortable condition that is common among athletes who participate in contact sports. The symptoms of turf toe can range from light pain and soreness to more severe cases of bruising and swelling in the front of the foot that can make it difficult for someone to put weight on their toes or bend them. Those affected by turf toe may find simple activities like walking, jumping, running, and changing direction unbearable, resulting in a need to take time off from athletic activities in order to recover. Treatment options include applying ice directly to the area as well as taking anti-inflammatory medications, but consultation with a doctor should always be the first step toward a successful recovery. A diagnosis for a foot and ankle injury usually begins with a consultation with an expert in this type of surgery. During the appointment, they will ask several questions pertaining to your symptoms, daily activities, and medical history. Generally speaking, x-rays may be ordered if they deem it necessary to gain further insight into the severity of the injury. In some cases, MRIs may also be utilized on a grade 1-3 spectrum depending on the injury's degree. With these methods at their disposal, doctors can accurately diagnose and properly treat the problem in order to get you back to feeling comfortable again. If you suspect that you have sustained a turf toe injury, it’s important to seek medical attention right away in order to prevent further damage and ensure proper healing. Your doctor will likely perform a physical examination and take radiographs (x-rays) in order to confirm a diagnosis. MRI scans may also be used if necessary in order to gain more information about your injury and determine its severity. ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 sharpenai sln 1](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-SharpenAI-sln-1-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 sharpenai sln 1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Treatment and Prevention of Turf Toe Turf toe is an injury commonly seen in athletes who participate in sports on artificial playing surfaces like football fields or track fields made from hard ground materials like asphalt or concrete. Its symptoms include pain along with swelling, bruising, and instability at the base of the big toe which can make walking difficult if left untreated for too long. Diagnoses typically involve physical exams as well as imaging tests such as x-rays or MRI scans. Treatment includes rest and ice therapy along with elastic compression bandages/elevation for swelling reduction as well as pain medications/taping techniques for additional support during activity/exercise; finally, proper footwear/supportive inserts should be worn during activities as preventive measures against future injuries due to their shock absorbing properties against hard surfaces made from artificial turf/asphalt/concrete, etc. By following these steps outlined above anyone experiencing symptoms related to turf toe should be able to properly diagnose and treat their injuries accordingly! Additionally, an injury affecting the plantar plate as well is called plantar fasciitis. Plantar fasciitis is an irritation on the heel of the foot that can cause pain, redness, and swelling. Treatment methods for plantar fasciitis depend upon its severity but generally involve rest from activities that cause pain, applying cold packs three to four times a day, using elastic compression, and elevating the foot. Over-the-counter medications may provide relief from pain, while a taping technique using 1” and 2” athletic tape sprayed with adhesive onto skin following the protocol given by a physician or credible tutorials online can be used in certain cases. To prevent further injury, it's important to also wear adequate footwear providing arch support and extra padding if needed. With these treatments in place, most people with plantar fasciitis can avoid long-term complications associated with foot problems and manage their condition successfully. ## Conclusion Turf toe is an injury that is unfortunately all too common among athletes, as it often results from forceful upward motion of the heel beyond its design limits when the toe is planted on the ground. This movement can be especially difficult for athletes due to the intense physical activity that can occur during sports, where there may be a great amount of pressure placed on the toes and ankles due to sudden changes in direction and quickness. The most common way to prevent turf toe is to ensure that proper shoes are used while playing any sport, as they will provide adequate protection and cushioning while engaging in rigorous physical activity. Strengthening and stretching of the muscles around this area are also important to avoid overstretching or overextension while playing. When it comes to treating turf toe injuries, rest and ice therapy are key components for reducing inflammation and pain levels while allowing time for healing. Elastic compression bandages or elevation can also help reduce swelling while providing support for your injured area. If needed, pain medications such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help reduce discomfort associated with the injury while taping techniques can provide further support during activity or exercise. Additionally, wearing proper footwear with adequate cushioning and supportive inserts during activities can help protect against future injuries by helping absorb shock from impacts with hard surfaces like artificial turf fields or tracks. If you think you're suffering from Turf Toe, make an appointment with Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. We want to help you get back to your active self as soon as possible. **Categories:** Joint Care, Tibia, Ankle, & Foot **Tags:** Back Pain, Spinal Stenosis, Spinal Stenosis Treatment, Vertiflex, Vertiflex Procedure --- ### [Hand Arthritis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/hand-arthritis/) **Published:** February 15, 2023 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Arthritis is a general term for conditions that affect the joints and surrounding tissues. There are many different types of arthritis, and hand arthritis specifically refers to the inflammation of the joints in the hand. Symptoms of hand arthritis include pain, stiffness, and swelling in the affected joints. The symptoms can vary depending on the type of arthritis, but they typically worsen with activity and improve with rest. Treatment for hand arthritis depends on the severity of the condition and may include pain relief medication, physical therapy, or surgery. **Content:** If you suffer from arthritis in your hands, you know how painful and debilitating it can be. It affects millions of people around the world, making everyday tasks difficult or even impossible to complete. In this blog post, we'll cover the causes and symptoms of hand arthritis, as well as what treatments are available to help manage the condition. The good news is that there are options for diagnosing and treating this condition. Your first step should be to see your doctor or a specialist for a proper diagnosis. Once you know what type of arthritis you have, you and your doctor can develop a treatment plan that may include medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes. With the right combination of treatments, you can start to feel relief from your symptoms and regain some mobility in your hands. Keep reading to learn more about diagnosing and treating arthritis in your hands. ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 100](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-100-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 100 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What is arthritis and what are the symptoms of hand arthritis specifically Arthritis is a general term for conditions that affect the joints and surrounding tissues. There are many different types of arthritis, and hand arthritis specifically refers to the inflammation of the joints in the hand. Symptoms of hand arthritis include pain, stiffness, and swelling in the affected joints. The symptoms can vary depending on the type of arthritis, but they typically worsen with activity and improve with rest. Treatment for hand arthritis depends on the severity of the condition and may include pain relief medication, physical therapy, or surgery. Arthritis is a common condition that can cause pain and stiffness in the joints. The hands are especially susceptible to arthritis, as they are constantly in use and subject to wear and tear. There are many different types of arthritis, but the most common form is osteoarthritis. This type of arthritis is caused by the breakdown of cartilage, which is the tissue that cushions the joints. Other forms of arthritis include rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis can affect people of any age, but it is most commonly seen in adults over the age of 65. Symptoms of arthritis include pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced range of motion. Treatment for arthritis often includes medication, physical therapy, and splinting or bracing. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to correct joint damage. There are many different types of arthritis, but osteoarthritis is by far the most common form. Osteoarthritis occurs when the cartilage that cushions the joints begins to break down. This can happen for a variety of reasons, including aging, injury, or repetitive use. As the cartilage breaks down, it becomes thinner and less able to protect the joint. This can lead to pain, stiffness, and swelling. Osteoarthritis can affect any joint in the body, but it is most commonly seen in the hands, knees, hips, and spine. People with osteoarthritis often have a family history of the condition. Treatment for osteoarthritis typically includes medication, physical therapy, and splinting or bracing. Surgery may be necessary in severe cases to correct joint damage. Rheumatoid arthritis is another type of arthritis that can cause pain and stiffness in the joints. Unlike osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that occurs when the body attacks its own tissues. This can cause inflammation and damage to the joints. Rheumatoid arthritis typically affects people between the ages of 40 and 60 years old. Women are more likely than men to develop this type of arthritis. People with rheumatoid arthritis often have a family history of the condition. Symptoms include pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced range of motion. Treatment typically includes medication (such as corticosteroids or disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs), physical therapy, and splinting or bracing. Surgery may be necessary in severe cases to correct joint damage or deformity. Psoriatic arthritis is a type of arthritis that occurs in people with psoriasis (a skin condition that causes redness, scaling, and inflammation). Psoriatic arthritis usually affects people between the ages 30 and 50 years old; however, it can occur at any age. Men and women are equally likely to develop this type of arthritis. People with psoriatic arthritis often have a family history of psoriasis or other autoimmune disorders (such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis). Symptoms include pain, stiffness , swelling , reduced range of motion , and nail changes . Treatment typically includes medication (such as methotrexate or biologic agents), physical therapy , occupational therapy , splinting or bracing , and surgery . ![reception princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Reception-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "reception princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## How is hand arthritis diagnosed? Arthritis of the hand is diagnosed by a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests. Blood tests may also be ordered to look for inflammatory markers. X-rays are often used to help diagnose arthritis of the hand, as they can show bone loss and joint damage. MRI or ultrasound may also be ordered to further evaluate the affected joints. Treatment for arthritis of the hand typically includes a combination of medication, splinting, occupational therapy, and injections. ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-18-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What are the treatment options for hand arthritis There are several different treatment options for hand arthritis, depending on the severity of the condition. For milder cases, over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications can be effective in reducing pain and swelling. More severe cases may require prescription medication or injections. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to correct any damage to the joints. Physical therapy is often recommended to help improve range of motion and strengthen the muscles around the affected joints. ## Lifestyle changes that can help ease the symptoms of hand arthritis If you're one of the many people who suffer from hand arthritis, you know how painful and debilitating the condition can be. Even everyday activities like opening a door or writing can be a challenge. While there is no cure for hand arthritis, there are certain lifestyle changes you can make to ease your symptoms. One of the best things you can do for hand arthritis is to keep your hands active and moving. This may seem counterintuitive, but stiffness and pain are actually worse when your hands are inactive. Exercise can help to increase range of motion and improve function. Just be sure to start slowly and listen to your body - if an exercise is causing too much pain, stop doing it. It's also important to pay attention to your diet if you have hand arthritis. Eating anti-inflammatory foods like salmon, olive oil, and avocados can help reduce swelling and pain. At the same time, try to avoid inflammatory foods like sugar, bread, and pasta. Keeping a food journal can help you identify which foods are triggering your arthritis symptoms. Making small changes in your lifestyle can go a long way towards easing the pain of hand arthritis. By keeping your hands active and eating an anti-inflammatory diet, you can help reduce swelling and stiffness. ## Medications that can help relieve the pain and inflammation associated with hand arthritis There are a number of medications that can help relieve the pain and inflammation associated with hand arthritis. These include over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen, as well as prescription medications such as methotrexate. In addition, physical therapy and occupational therapy can be helpful in managing the symptoms of hand arthritis. ## Surgery as a last resort for treating severe cases of hand arthritis Severe cases of hand arthritis can be painful and debilitating for those affected by this condition. Life-changing treatments may be needed to alleviate the pain and improve function, and surgery is sometimes required as a last resort. Surgery can be an effective way to get relief from the discomfort caused by arthritis and can help individuals with this condition regain much of their mobility, allowing them to partake in activities that were previously difficult depending on the affected area. As with any surgery or procedure, it is important to discuss all available options with your doctor before deciding on which approach is best for you. Schedule an appointment with Princeton Orthopaedic Associates today so that we can help get you on the road to recovery. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Joint Care, Wrist, Forearm, & Hand **Tags:** Back Pain, Spinal Stenosis, Spinal Stenosis Treatment, Vertiflex, Vertiflex Procedure --- ### [The Symptoms and Causes of Rheumatoid Arthritis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/the-symptoms-and-causes-of-rheumatoid-arthritis/) **Published:** February 6, 2023 **Author:** Matthew **Excerpt:** Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that affects the joints and causes pain, swelling, and stiffness. It is important to be aware of the early warning signs of RA in order to diagnose it and start treatment early. Those with a family history of RA have an increased risk for developing the condition, so it is important to be aware of the symptoms and get tested if needed. **Content:** Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that affects the joints and causes pain, swelling, and stiffness. It is important to be aware of the early warning signs of RA in order to diagnose it and start treatment early. Those with a family history of RA have an increased risk for developing the condition, so it is important to be aware of the symptoms and get tested if needed. Let’s take a closer look at rheumatoid arthritis and how it can be diagnosed and treated. ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14 hands](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-14-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What Is Rheumatoid Arthritis? RA is a chronic condition, meaning that it typically lasts for the person's lifetime and can cause significant disability. The exact cause of RA is not well understood, but a combination of genetic and environmental factors is thought to play a role. Women are more likely to develop RA than men, and the disease usually occurs between the ages of 40 and 60. Common symptoms of RA include: - Pain and swelling in the joints, particularly in the hands, wrists, and feet - Stiffness, especially in the morning or after periods of inactivity - Fatigue - Loss of appetite and weight - Reduced range of motion in the affected joints Diagnosis of RA typically involves a physical examination, a review of symptoms, and a range of tests such as blood tests and X-rays. There is currently no cure for RA, but there are treatments that can help manage the symptoms and prevent further damage to the joints. Treatment for RA may include medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologic drugs that target specific parts of the immune system. Physical therapy and exercise can also help improve joint function and reduce pain. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or replace damaged joints. Living with RA can be challenging, but with the right treatment and support, many people are able to lead full and active lives. It is important for people with RA to work closely with their healthcare team to develop a comprehensive treatment plan that meets their specific needs. ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 hands arthritis treatment](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis is a debilitating autoimmune disorder that affects the protective soft tissues, cartilage, and bones in a person's joints. It is commonly characterized by painful swelling, stiffness, and difficulty moving joints in the hands, wrists, feet, and ankles. This can be a difficult situation to cope with for many people and those affected are likely to need ongoing medical attention throughout their life. Rheumatoid arthritis does not just affect someone physically; it can also take its toll emotionally. Patients may find themselves in a state of frustration or even depression, as the disorder often renders them unable to perform everyday tasks without great difficulty or pain. While this autoimmune disease cannot yet be cured, there are treatments available that may help to keep symptoms under better control. In order to make an accurate diagnosis, your doctor will need to review your medical history as well as perform certain lab tests. Blood tests, such as a complete blood count or C-reactive protein test (CRP), are often used to measure inflammation levels in the body. Imaging tests, such as X-rays or MRI scans, may also be necessary in order to determine the severity of damage caused by RA. A family history of rheumatoid arthritis can be a significant risk factor when it comes to personal health. Knowing what to look for in terms of early warning signs of the illness can make all the difference with diagnosis and treatment. Symptoms such as sudden or unexplainable weight loss and inflammation are key indicators that one should keep an eye out for if they have any familial ties with a particular ailment. Taking extra caution and being aware of potential risks associated with your family's medical background is a great way to proactively monitor your health. Making sure to approach any strange ailments head-on will lead you on the path towards better health. ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 arthritis treatment](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Treatments for Rheumatoid Arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a serious autoimmune disorder, but with the right kind of care, it can be managed. early signs of RA include fatigue or tiredness due to inflammation, weakness in the hands and/or knees, significant morning stiffness that usually lasts more than an hour, symmetrical joint swelling as well as pain in both hands and/or knees. While all these signs can be symptoms of other conditions too, individuals who experience them should visit their doctor for an accurate diagnosis. With the right treatment plan in place, life with RA doesn't have to be difficult. Once a diagnosis has been made, there are several treatments available that can help manage RA symptoms and slow down its progression. Medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or biologics, are used to block chemicals released by the immune system during its attack on the joints. In addition, physical therapy can help strengthen damaged joints while surgery may be necessary if damage is severe enough. Unfortunately, there is no cure for RA yet; however, prevention is key when it comes to managing this condition – making healthy lifestyle choices like exercising regularly and eating a balanced diet can go a long way! Unfortunately, there is no cure as yet for rheumatoid arthritis, making prevention an especially important factor. Fortunately, healthy lifestyle choices can help minimize the risk of developing this auto-immune disorder. For instance, it's important to maintain an ideal body weight and avoid smoking and periodontal disease - both of which are known to aggravate the symptoms. Additionally, if you suspect that you may have a joint condition or experience chronic pain in your joints then it would be wise to consult your doctor because while diagnoses of this type require lab tests and imaging, treatments involve blocking chemicals released by the immune system with medicine and physical therapy/surgery depending on how damaged the joints are. Therefore, by taking precautions today we can greatly reduce our chances of being affected by this debilitating illness in the future. ## Conclusion Rheumatoid Arthritis is a debilitating autoimmune disease that affects the joints, with pain and swelling as major symptoms. People with RA typically experience pain in multiple joints at the same time and can have a feeling of stiffness, tightness, and tenderness in their affected area. The affected joints may also have limited movement caused by swelling that happens with an attack or flare-up. More than just physical symptoms, this type of arthritis can produce feelings of low moods, fatigue and a decrease in overall quality of life. Early diagnosis and treatment can help people cope better with RA by offering remedies to reduce painful flares and providing support to manage daily life activities. Millions around the world are diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis every year. Early detection is key when it comes to managing this condition effectively – knowing your family history can help you identify any potential risks you may have for developing RA earlier rather than later. While there is no cure yet available for this condition, there are several treatments that can help manage its symptoms and slow down its progression. Making healthy lifestyle choices like exercising regularly and eating a balanced diet are also essential steps toward preventing RA from entering one’s life in the first place. If you think you may be suffering from RA, you should make an appointment with us at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates for a consultation and diagnosis. Your body is telling you something through your pain and we want to help you discover the cause and find the right treatment plan that will get you on path to you feeling your best self. Give us a call today. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Spine **Tags:** Back Pain, Spinal Stenosis, Spinal Stenosis Treatment, Vertiflex, Vertiflex Procedure --- ### [Thanksgiving Schedule 2022: Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/thanksgiving-schedule-2022-princeton-orthopaedic-associates/) **Published:** November 18, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** So, if you need urgent orthopaedic care on November 26th, and want to skip the lines at the ER, please contact or visit our Plainsboro office. **Content:** As we prepare to celebrate Thanksgiving, our offices have updated their holiday schedules. All POA locations will be closed **on November 24th, 25th, and 26th**. However, on November 26th, we will have an Urgent Care facility open at our Plainsboro office in the Medical Arts Pavilion on the first floor of the Penn Med. **So, if you need urgent orthopaedic care on November 26th, *and want to skip the lines at the ER,* please contact or visit our Plainsboro office.** [**Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Urgent Care** 5 Plainsboro Road, First Floor; Suite #100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536](https://www.google.com/search?q=princeton+orthopaedic+associates+urgent+care+plainsboro&rlz=1C5CHFA_enUS889US889&oq=princeton+orthopaedic+associates+urgent+care+plainsboro&aqs=chrome..69i57j69i64.9061j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#) [(609) 924-8131]() **The Princeton Orthopaedics Urgent care location in Plainsboro is located on the 1st Floor, Suite 100 in the Medical Arts Pavilion in the Penn Med Princeton Health Hospital** We hope you have a wonderful and safe holiday! **Categories:** News, Urgent Care --- ### [Tibia Fibula Instability](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tibia-fibula-instability/) **Published:** September 27, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** If you lead an active lifestyle and those activities lead you to some of the common and not-so-common sports, you run the risk of an injury to the proximal tibiofibular joint which can lead to an instability. There's a chain reaction of things that can happen as a result and many times it affects the ankle. **Content:** ## What Is Tibia Fibula Instability **What Is Tibia Fibula Instability? The Causes and Treatment Options** If you lead an active lifestyle and those activities lead you to some of the common and not-so-common sports, you run the risk of an injury to the proximal tibiofibular joint which can lead to an instability. There's a chain reaction of things that can happen as a result and many times it affects the ankle. The ankle joint is a joint between the tibia, fibula, talus and the bones around them. The tibia and fibula are the bones that are next to each other and make up the lower leg. When they're out of alignment, many times due to traumatic sports injuries, issues can arise. The main symptoms of TFI include pain in the front part of your ankle, feeling like you are going to roll your ankle when you take a step, and pain that gets worse when you squat or run downhill. ![calf injury. sporty woman massaging leg, having muscle pain after jogging outdoors](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/calf-injury-sporty-woman-massaging-leg-having-mu-2021-08-28-17-05-04-utc-1024x682.jpg "calf injury. sporty woman massaging leg, having muscle pain after jogging outdoors - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Calf Injury Concept Side view of sporty woman massaging her leg having muscle pain after jogging outdoors standing on asphalt path in park cropped## Causes of TFI There's risk involved in all forms of exercise and sports so don't let those risks prevent you from leading an active lifestyle. There are far worse effects from not exercising at all than the chance that you hurt yourself on the field or the trail. But still, you want to take care to avoid violently twisting the flexed knee. A blow like that is what tends to result in a TFI. Of course, there are several factors that might lead to an incorrect alignment between the tibia and fibula. The most common cause is the growth spurt. During puberty, there is a sudden increase in the hormones that promote the growth of the bones, which causes the tibia and fibula to grow too fast. If this happens, then the tibia and fibula will no longer be aligned correctly. Another cause is a traumatic accident, such as a car accident. In these cases, one of the bones might break or be fractured, which will cause it to be misaligned and will lead to TFI. Some of the risk factors that might lead to TFI are a history of a broken bone, a family history of TFI, having Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS), having an unusually short or long leg, or having a leg-length discrepancy. ## What Do You Do About TFI (Tibia Fibula Instability) [If you are experiencing pain due to a TFI, schedule an appointment with one of our specialists today](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/). Your case is unique and requires a unique treatment plan. We want to help you walk and exercise without any restriction due to pain for discomfort. Schedule an appointment with us today so we can get you back on the road to pain free walking! **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Physical Therapy, Tibia, Ankle, & Foot **Tags:** Ankle Weakness, Fibula, TFI Causes, TFI Treatments, Tibia, Tibia Fibula Instability --- ### [The Vertiflex Procedure: A Treatment for Spinal Stenosis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/the-vertiflex-procedure-a-treatment-for-spinal-stenosis/) **Published:** October 10, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Vertiflex is a surgical procedure that treats spinal stenosis by expanding the spinal canal. The spinal canal is the space that houses the spinal cord, connecting the vertebrae in the lower back all the way down to the sacrum. In people who suffer from spinal stenosis, the spinal canal becomes narrowed, compressing the spinal cord and causing a variety of unpleasant symptoms, including pain, weakness, numbness, and difficulty walking. **Content:** Before the emergence of modern medicine, individuals who suffered from spinal stenosis were forced to deal with the condition as best they could. Today, however, thanks to the brilliant minds of medical professionals worldwide, there is a surgical procedure that enables patients with spinal stenosis to live their lives without discomfort or pain. Unfortunately, many people are not aware of this treatment option. In fact, according to recent market research, only about 10% of people suffering from degenerative spine conditions know about the existence of a surgical procedure that can provide them with significant relief from their symptoms. If you have been struggling with numbing pain in your back and legs as a result of [spinal stenosis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/spinal-stenosis/)—or if you know someone who has—read on to learn more about what this condition is and how it can be treated. ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21 cropped](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-cropped-1024x410.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21 cropped - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What Is Vertiflex? Vertiflex is a surgical procedure that treats spinal stenosis by expanding the spinal canal. The spinal canal is the space that houses the spinal cord, connecting the vertebrae in the lower back all the way down to the sacrum. In people who suffer from spinal stenosis, the spinal canal becomes narrowed, compressing the spinal cord and causing a variety of unpleasant symptoms, including pain, weakness, numbness, and difficulty walking. Vertiflex is a surgical procedure that treats spinal stenosis by expanding the spinal canal. The surgeon performing the procedure will use a balloon to expand the affected portion of the spinal canal, opening up the space and allowing the spinal cord to return to its normal position. ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-14-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## How Does Vertiflex Help People with Spinal Stenosis? The balloon used in the Vertiflex procedure is applied while the patient is under general anesthesia. The patient is then placed in a special position to ensure that the spinal canal is evenly expanded. After the balloon is inflated, it is deflated and removed, and the incision is closed with sutures. The balloon used in the Vertiflex procedure is applied while the patient is under general anesthesia. The patient is then placed in a special position to ensure that the spinal canal is evenly expanded. After the balloon is inflated, a stent-like implant is inserted, after which the balloon is deflated and removed. ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-35Sharpen-Motion-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Benefits of the Vertiflex Procedure The Vertiflex procedure has many benefits for patients suffering from spinal stenosis. It enables people to live their lives without the pain, weakness, and other symptoms of spinal stenosis. It also allows people to maintain their independence, as they are no longer incapacitated by their condition. Finally, the procedure is extremely effective, with upwards of 90% of patients experiencing significant relief from their symptoms. Just remember, while the Vertiflex procedure is a very effective treatment option for spinal stenosis, it does have some potential side effects. These are not side effects that are inherent to the procedure itself, but are risks that are associated with any surgical procedure. For the majority of patients, however, the benefits of the procedure greatly outweigh these risks. Spinal stenosis can be a debilitating condition that greatly impacts quality of life. For people with spinal stenosis, the Vertiflex procedure is an excellent treatment option that can enable them to live their lives free of pain and other symptoms. If you've been diagnosed with spinal stenosis or suspect you might be suffering from it, [schedule an appointment](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) with us today for an evaluation. If Vertiflex is an option for you, we would love to help get you on your way. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Spine **Tags:** Back Pain, Spinal Stenosis, Spinal Stenosis Treatment, Vertiflex, Vertiflex Procedure --- ### [Bulging Disc Back Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/bulging-disc-back-pain/) **Published:** September 29, 2022 **Author:** BMHProductions **Excerpt:** A common back and spine problem is herniated or bulging discs. Nearly everyone will know someone who has experienced a herniated disc at some point in their lives. It's painful and we hope you're one of the fortunate ones who don't have to endure it. In many cases, these discs will heal on their own with no long-term consequences. **Content:** ## What Can Help Relieve Herniated or Bulging Disc Pain? A common back and spine problem is herniated or bulging discs. Nearly everyone will know someone who has experienced a herniated disc at some point in their lives. It's painful and we hope you're one of the fortunate ones who don't have to endure it. In many cases, these discs will heal on their own with no long-term consequences. However, if you have a herniated disc and aren’t able to treat it successfully by yourself, you may need to reach out for professional help from an experienced physical therapist or orthopaedist. ***Fortunately, there are several exercises that can ease the pain caused by a herniated disc and strengthen your back to prevent relapses.*** ![close up of nurse pointing at spine bones on human skeleton](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/close-up-of-nurse-pointing-at-spine-bones-on-human-2021-11-03-22-32-20-utc-1024x683.jpg "close up of nurse pointing at spine bones on human skeleton - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Core stabilization exercises** Many people suffering from back pain have weak core muscles. When the core muscles are weak, the spine receives less support. This may be a reason why people with weak core muscles experience back pain more often than those who have a strong core. Core stabilization exercises strengthen the core and make your body less prone to back pain. One of the best exercises to strengthen the core is the pelvic tilts. It should be done in two variants to strengthen your core in different ways. Another exercise that strengthens your core is the bent knee hug. Other exercises that strengthen the core are the bicycle and the knee to chest. Other core stabilization exercises you can try are: - Planks - Side plank - floor prone cobra - cable anti-rotation (requires equipment found at most gyms.) ## **Stretching Exercises** A herniated or bulging disc can lead to muscle spasms in your back. Thus, it’s recommended that you stretch your muscles as often as possible to ease the pain and prevent muscle spasms from becoming chronic. There are many great stretches that you can do to ease the back pain caused by a herniated disc. *The knee to chest* is one of the best stretches that you can do on a daily basis. It will help you ease the pain caused by a herniated disc and improve your overall posture. To perform this stretch, you should lie on your back and use your hands to grab one leg by the ankle. Next, you should pull that leg towards your chest and hold this position for 30 seconds. After performing this stretch, you should repeat it with the other leg. This is one of the best knee-to-chest stretches that you can do while dealing with a herniated disc. It will help you ease the pain caused by the condition and improve your overall posture. These are the best exercises that you can do while dealing with a herniated disc. They will help you ease the pain caused by the condition and also improve your posture. One of the best stretches is the *hip stretch*. It will help you ease the pain in your back and improve the blood flow to your lower extremities. To perform this exercise, you should lie on the floor and use your arms to pull one leg up towards your head. Next, you should try to reach your hands towards your toes while keeping the other leg on the floor. Another great stretch is the *triceps stretch*. You should perform this stretch while standing upright. Then, you should lift one arm towards the sky while keeping the other arm on your side. You should hold this position for about 30 seconds and then perform the same stretch with the other arm. This stretch will help you ease the pain caused by a herniated disc and improve your overall posture. Finally, the *seated hamstring stretch*. It will help you ease the pain in the back of your leg and improve your posture. To perform this exercise, you should sit on a chair and place one leg on another. Then, you should try to bend towards the leg that’s on the chair. You should perform this stretch for 30 seconds and then switch legs. These are the best stretching exercises that you can do while dealing with a herniated disc. They will help you ease the pain caused by the condition and also improve your posture. ![senior caucasian man doing yoga spine twisting pose](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/senior-caucasian-man-doing-yoga-spine-twisting-pos-2021-09-02-00-26-13-utc-1024x682.jpg "senior caucasian man doing yoga spine twisting pose - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Exercises** To Avoid With A Herniated Disk Not all stretching and exercises are created equal, especially when it comes to herniated and bulging disc pain. A lot of folks experience this pain when bending and rotating their body. This ought to tell you that rotational exercises aren't the ones you want to try out. Leg raises are also out since they tend to put a lot of stress on the lower back. You should also avoid sit-ups and a common runner's stretch - toe touches. These will often exacerbate the pain and potentially do more damage to the injured disc. ## **Other Solutions** For A Herniated Disk Of course, gentle stretching and exercising may not be the solution to your herniated or bulging disc problem. **Before trying any of these stretches or exercises, you should consult with one of our spine and neck specialists to make sure that you're not doing something which could contribute to future damage.** We can begin with physical therapy which may get rid of the issue altogether. If that doesn't work, there are other options including surgery. Your case will be unique so no matter what we encourage you to set up an appointment with us today. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric, Physical Therapy, Spine **Tags:** Back Pain, Back Surgury, Bulging Disc, Herniated Disc, Relieve Herniated Disc --- ### [Hoffa's Syndrome: Knee Fat Pad Impingement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/hoffas-syndrome-knee-fat-pad-impingement/) **Published:** September 20, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Fat pad impingement is a condition where the knee joint presents pain because of inflammation around the aptly named fat pad. It is exactly what it sounds like: a pad of fat behind the kneecap and in between where the femur "connects" to the tibia. It's a little more complicated than that, but that's the gist of it. **Content:** *Do you have knee pain when squatting? Do you find it difficult to walk up stairs or stand on your toes?* These are some of the indicators that a person may suffer from Hoffa's Syndrome, or fat pad impingement. Neither one of these names is particularly appealing (Hoffa was the name of the German orthopaedic surgeon for whom the condition is named) and, well... neither is the pain. Fat pad impingement is a condition where the knee joint presents pain because of inflammation around the aptly named fat pad. It is exactly what it sounds like: a pad of fat behind the kneecap and in between where the femur "connects" to the tibia. It's a little more complicated than that, but that's the gist of it. Impingement of the fat pad can be a result of conditions such as having a bone spur or tight ligaments. Knee fat pad impingement is a common condition that affects many people of all ages and activity levels. If not treated properly, it can lead to long-term complications like [arthritis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/rheumatoid-arthritis/), [meniscus tears](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/meniscus-surgery/), and [tendonitis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/quadriceps-patella-tendon-repair/). ![upset girl sitting on sofa and suffering from knee pain](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/upset-girl-sitting-on-sofa-and-suffering-from-knee-2021-09-22-01-24-07-utc-1024x684.jpg "upset girl sitting on sofa and suffering from knee pain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Knee Fat Pad Impingement a Symptom of Patellofemoral Syndrome Patellofemoral syndrome is the underlying cause of knee fat pad impingement. The knees are the most commonly used joints in the human body. They take a lot of pressure during daily activities, exercise and even sleeping. Fat pad in the knees is meant to diffuse the pressure. However, if the excess fat pad increases, it may cause knee pain. This is because the pad can press against the kneecap, causing it to rub against the bones and lead to pain. This can also increase your knee joint pressure and make it difficult for you to squat. If you have knee fat pad impingement with patellofemoral syndrome, you may not be able to squat as low as you would ideally like. You may also find it difficult or painful to climb stairs and stay on your toes for a long time. ## What Can Help Hoffa's Syndrome? ### Squats Can Help You Manage PF Syndrome and Knee Pain Squats are one of the best exercises to help manage knee fat pad impingement and patellofemoral syndrome. They work your quadriceps, glutes, and hamstrings. Squats are known to have many benefits, including improving flexibility, reducing risk of osteoporosis, and improving balance and coordination. Not only do squats reduce knee pain, they also help you reduce your risk of developing knee arthritis in the future. They also help you manage patellofemoral syndrome better. Bench squats, front squats, and back squats are the most commonly done squats. Bench squat is done on a bench with your feet on the floor. This is a good exercise for those with knee pain. Front squat is done with the weight in front of your body. It is a good exercise for those with knee pain as it reduces the pressure on the knees. Back squat is done with weight on your back. This is generally recommended for those with little or no knee pain. ### High-Rep Squats can Build Strength in Your Quads and Glutes High-rep squats are done with a lighter weight and for a higher number of repetitions. They build strength in your quadriceps and glutes. A good way to do them is by adding a small amount of resistance (such as a dumbbell or weight plate). These squats can help you build strength in your quadriceps, quads, and glutes. This in turn can also help you manage patellofemoral syndrome better. Although high-rep squats are not as effective as moderate-rep squats at building strength, they have many other benefits. These include improved flexibility, better coordination, and reduced risk of arthritis. ### Knee Band Exercises are Also Effective at Managing PF Syndrome Knee band exercises can also help you manage patellofemoral syndrome better. This is done by strengthening the muscles around your knees and reducing the excess fat pad. You can do these exercises at home or in the office with a knee band. Some knee bands are pre-stretching and have a unique design that allows you to do knee band exercises. Other knee bands are stretchable and can be worn during activities. Common knee band exercises include knee lifts, squats, and lunges. These exercises can help you strengthen the muscles around your knee and reduce knee fat pad impingement. ## Build Strength Working on building strength--slowly and without overdoing it!--is a great way to manage pain from Hoffa's Syndrome. You can also ice your knees when you feel pain, take over-the-counter anti-inflammatories, and stretch regularly. Be sure to schedule an appointment with us for a correct diagnosis, though, and a bespoke treatment plan so that you don't injure yourself more and so you can recover as quickly as possible. **Categories:** Joint Care, Knee, Physical Therapy **Tags:** Fat Pad Impingement, Hoffa Syndrome, Hoffa's Syndrome, Knee Pain, Patellofemoral Syndrome --- ### [Our Plainsboro Office, Located in the Medical Arts Pavillion, is now located on the 1st Floor, Suite 100](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/plainsboro-office-changes-address/) **Published:** September 9, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** We're excited to announce some changes to our Plainsboro Office which is located in the Medical Arts Pavilion at The Princeton Hospital! We are migrating our Plainsboro Orthopedic Office from the 4th floor to the 1st floor of The Medical Arts Pavillion in Suite 100! **Content:** Hello Princeton Orthopaedic Family! We're excited to announce some changes to our [Plainsboro Office](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/locations/plainsboro-office/) which is located in the Medical Arts Pavilion at The Princeton Hospital! We are migrating our Plainsboro Orthopedic Office from the 4th floor to the 1st floor of The Medical Arts Pavillion in Suite 100! **So if you're heading to the Princeton Orthopaedics location in Plainsboro, please go to the 1st Floor, Suite 100 in the Medical Arts Pavilion.** The address stays the same, but the suite number, and the floor have changed! Just remember that we are on the 1st Floor, Suite 100. That address is listed below: **Princeton Orthopaedic Associates 5 Plainsboro Road, First Floor; Suite #100 Plainsboro, NJ 08536** Additionally, with this office migration, the Princeton Orthopaedic Associates team in Plainsboro will be able start offering both [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) and [Physical Therapy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physical-therapy/)! **Categories:** News --- ### [POA’s Legacy: Exceptional Specialists, Extraordinary Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/exceptional-specialists-extraordinary-care/) **Published:** January 20, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates isn’t one of those quick pop-up clinics. We’ve been around for more than 35 years, and we’ve proudly built a reputation as a community of extraordinary care. We’ve expanded that community of care over the years from one office to six amazing locations throughout Central New Jersey. “I think all the way back to when I came to Princeton Orthopaedic Associates,” said Dr. W. Thomas Gutowski, a hip and knee specialist with POA and one of our earliest members. “I remember going to dinner with the two guys that I joined in 1985, and saying to one of those guys, ‘Do you think someday we might have two offices?’” “So, you can imagine when I think of POA today, the tremendous feeling of success,” he said. That success has been cultivated over the last three decades by providing personalized, exceptional care to every patient who walks through our doors, whether that’s our main office or second office in Princeton, or our offices in Plainsboro, Monroe, Ewing, or Robbinsville. ## More Than Just a Partnership At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we have spent years going beyond a collection of doctors in one building. We have created a community of extraordinary care, with doctors who have become true world-class specialists in their respective fields. “We’ve really taken it to another level, and that level is a good thing,” said Dr. Gutowski. “I look at all these junior partners of mine, and they’re not junior partners, they are now my partners, and I think one of the key things that all of my partners believe in is that the people we bring in want to be good people, caring physicians, as opposed to just technicians. “Good, solid, honest, hard-working people — that’s been the recipe to get good doctors.” ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 51](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-51-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 51 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 60](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-60-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 60 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 69](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-69-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 69 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Bringing the Personal Touch to Our Community POA takes pride in providing personalized care for our patients. We don’t just treat an x-ray or a diagnosis — we treat people. That philosophy has made us more than a medical clinic. We are a true resource for our communities. “People know us, they value us, and they respect us,” said Dr. Gutowski. “We believe in the community, and so we need to be solid across that. We can’t be isolated off in a corner somewhere, and I think we’re trying to change and evolve with our community, without ever losing the personal touch.” POA does this by focusing on patients over profits. Often, modern medical communities lose sight of the patient, opting instead to maximize profits. We don’t do that here. Instead, we understand that patient-first care creates better outcomes. “We very much want to be doctors who deliver extraordinary care,” Dr. Gutowski said, “because I think we are dealing with extraordinary people, too, who value that, who recognize that, and demand that, and so it’s up to us to deliver on that part.” Contact us today to see how you can become a part of our community of extraordinary care! **Categories:** News --- ### [How To Heal Tendonitis In Your Elbow: The Best Treatment Options](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/elbow-tendonitis/) **Published:** March 10, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Tendonitis is a type of inflammation that affects tendons, the tissues that connect muscles to bones. If you have elbow tendonitis, it means that you are overworking your muscles and stressing the tendons in your elbow. **Content:** Tendonitis is not as scary as it sounds. It’s a type of inflammation that affects tendons, the tissues that connect muscles to bones. If you have elbow tendonitis, it means that you are overworking your muscles and stressing the tendons in your elbow. Athletes are more prone to developing tendonitis because their activities stress their joints and tendons in a way that can cause friction and irritation. However, anyone who engages in repetitive motions can contract tendonitis. Tendons can become inflamed for many reasons, including overuse of that joint or activity; improper technique while exercising; stressors such as dehydration; strain from awkward positions; excess body weight; and even genetics may play a role. ## Best Treatment Options For Tendonitis In Your Elbow If you have tendonitis in your elbow, there are a few treatment options available to you. One, ice the inflamed area to reduce swelling and pain. The idea behind icing is that cold temperatures can help reduce inflammation and pain, allowing for a more comfortable healing process. If you want, you can wrap the ice in a towel before applying it to your elbow, but it’s not necessary. You should keep icing your elbow for 10-15 minutes at a time every few hours or as needed. You can also use an ice pack or gel pack, which provides more relief than ice cubes because it delivers more consistent pressure on the inflamed tissue. If it persists, try applying heat instead to increase blood flow and circulation along with decreased inflammation. Other options include taking over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications for temporary relief of pain and stiffness. You could also wear a splint if your symptoms are severe or don't respond to other treatments. If that doesn’t work, you could try professional massage therapy treatments at least once a week for three weeks. Another option is to stretch your muscles as often as possible by gently reaching out on your fingertips against resistance from one hand with the other hand. Lastly, do gentle exercises that don't aggravate the tendonitis such as using light weights with small repetitions or using a stationary bike. ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Other Options ### Change Your Environment To Help Train Your Body One of the best ways to treat tendonitis is to change your environment. This includes taking a break from your activity and finding ways to exercise that don’t cause pain in the affected area. You may need to modify or switch up your exercise routine, such as doing exercises with a ball instead of weightlifting. Additionally, you should take care of your body by drinking more water and eating more protein-rich foods. If you still have pain despite changing your environment, there are other treatment options available as well. You can use ice packs and massage therapy to help relieve the pain and inflammation. If this doesn’t work, ask for a cortisone injection in the elbow area, which will decrease the inflammation over time. Other treatments include acupuncture or one of many different medications prescribed by a doctor. ### Try Physical Therapy If you develop tendonitis in your elbow and don’t want to take medications or stop activity all together, physical therapy may be the best option for you. When it comes to healing tendonitis in your elbow, there are two different ways that physical therapy can help. The first type is manual therapy. Manual therapists, also known as physical therapists, work with your muscles and joints through a variety of techniques including massage, stretching, resistance training, and joint manipulation. This type of therapy is often used to treat tendonitis in the elbows because it focuses on strengthening the joint while decreasing stiffness and pain. The second type of physical therapy that may help heal tendonitis in your elbow is a form of exercise called "dry needling." A therapist inserts a small needle into the patient’s muscle beneath the skin to release tightness or trigger points caused by repetitive motions or stressors like dehydration. Dry needling is effective at treating chronic pain associated with tendinitis because it targets the root of the problem rather than just relieving symptoms. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Try Ultrasound Therapy The best treatment for tendonitis is to address the underlying cause. For instance, if you are an athlete and regularly engage in repetitive motions that cause your elbow to become inflamed, you need to stop doing that activity. If you are suffering from elbow pain due to overuse, you can try using ultrasound therapy. Ultrasound therapy helps by reducing inflammation and stimulating blood flow to the tissue. It also increases the production of collagen and nitric oxide, two substances that promote healing in an inflamed area. Ultrasound therapy is a non-invasive way to treat tendonitis without having to take any medication or undergo surgery. All you have to do is get an ultrasound treatment which takes about 15 minutes and can be done at home or at a clinic. The only risk associated with ultrasound therapy is if you have a pacemaker or other electronic device implanted in your chest area because it can interfere with the electromagnetic waves emitted by the device. ### Try Rehabilitation Exercises If you suspect that tendonitis is the issue, the first step is to rest the arm and discontinue any activities that could be causing an overload on your elbow. Next, try some rehabilitation exercises. These are designed to stretch tense muscles and strengthen ones that have atrophied due to not being used as often. Consider using a wrist splint or brace if you're experiencing pain in your hand while doing these exercises, or if you're experiencing carpal tunnel syndrome. ## Final Thoughts Tendonitis is not as scary as it sounds. It’s a type of inflammation that affects tendons, the tissues that connect muscles to bones. If you have elbow tendonitis, it means that you are overworking your muscles and stressing the tendons in your elbow. Athletes are more prone to developing tendonitis because their activities stress their joints and tendons in a way that can cause friction and irritation. However, anyone who engages in repetitive motions can contract tendonitis. Tendons can become inflamed for many reasons, including overuse of that joint or activity; improper technique while exercising; stressors such as dehydration; strain from awkward positions; excess body weight; and even genetics may play a role. **Categories:** Elbow --- ### [PCL Injuries and How to Treat Them](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/pcl-injuries/) **Published:** February 3, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** A PCL injury is a rare sports injury that occurs in any athlete who has explosive acceleration, agility, and cutting movements as part of their regular activity. Of course, it doesn’t always happen to athletes. **Content:** Behind your knee cap are two really important ligaments that form an X, and they hold your femur together with the tibia. They’re two of the most important ligaments which help your leg bend at the knee. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) are called. They are your knee’s interior dynamic duo. On the outside, you’ve got two medial (inside) and lateral (outside) collateral ligaments that are both critical to knee stability. They help keep the knee from hyper-extending or bending sideways. That’s basic knee anatomy. The ACL keeps the bottom part of your leg from moving too far forward and the PCL keeps it from moving too far backward. Sometimes, though, these ligaments can tear. You’ve probably heard about a college or professional athlete who has torn their ACL. But what about the PCL? ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-39-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **What is a PCL Injury?** A PCL injury is a rare sports injury that occurs in any athlete who has explosive acceleration, agility, and cutting movements as part of their regular activity. Of course, it doesn’t always happen to athletes. There are traumas, such as a car wreck, which can cause damage to the PCL. These injuries are classified by severity as Grade 1, Grade 2, or Grade 3. Grade 1 is a hyperextension where the ligament is stretched beyond what it was meant to. Grade 2 is when that stretching turns into a slight tear. Grade 3 is when the ligament is torn all the way through. With a PCL injury, your knee will feel unstable and you will have pain on the inside of your knee. The pain can also extend up to your hip and down the inside of your thigh. ## **How Do You Know If You’ve Hurt Your PCL?** If you’ve recently injured your knee and are wondering if it was a PCL injury, there are a few telltale signs to look out for. You should also watch out for two specific symptoms: Pain in the back of your knee and swelling in the knee. If you’re experiencing those symptoms, it’s important to see a doctor immediately to diagnose the issue and rule out any other potential injuries. The sooner you address the injury, the better off your recovery process will be. ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Treatment Options for PCL Injuries** For Grade 1 and 2 injuries, there are non-surgical options for treatment. To start with, your normal RICE protocol is important: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation. Stay off of it as much as you can for a few days. Use a compression knee brace and ice the back of your knee regularly. You can also take anti-inflammatory over-the-counter medications. Depending on how severe a Grade 2 injury is, you might even do physical therapy. All of this should be in consult with your doctor. For a Grade 3 injury, your only option is surgery. The good news is that since the cruciate ligaments have gotten so much attention due to their injuries being associated with professional athletes, we’ve gotten really good at them. We’re able to repair the injury and have you back on your feet in no time. Well, after recovery and rehab, that is. ## **Conclusion** PCL injuries are on the rise, and it’s important for athletes, weekend warriors, and anyone else who participates in sports to take the necessary precautions to avoid any sort of injury. One of the most important things you can do is to always keep your knee properly braced and supported. If you hurt your PCL, it is absolutely essential that you treat it as soon as possible. The sooner you go to a doctor, the sooner you will be able to get back on track. **Categories:** Knee --- ### [All You Need to Know About Flat Feet: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/flat-feet-treatment/) **Published:** February 17, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Everyone’s feet are not the same. Some people are born with a higher risk of developing flat feet or some other foot abnormalities. **Content:** Everyone’s feet are not the same. Some people are born with a higher risk of developing flat feet or some other foot abnormalities. However, it’s not something to be scared of. Having flat feet does not necessarily mean you will end up with painful arthritis in your knees or hips. In fact, if you have flat feet, you can even view it as an advantage because it might help you become a better runner or even an athlete! A person with flat feet has an arch that is less noticeable than usual when viewed from above. When standing and walking, this may lead to greater stress on the knee joint than someone who has arches that are more pronounced. If your child has flat feet, consult your doctor for advice on the best activities for them and their specific condition so they can remain healthy and active. ## **Causes of Flat Feet** There are many ways people end up with flat feet. There are various traumas that can occur which affect the foot and ankle leading to a flattening of the arch. Mostly, though, people who have flat feet are born with that condition. It’s genetic. One of the most common reasons is a lack of arch support when the foot is growing inside the womb. Due to this, the bones of the foot are not aligned correctly, and the arch is not developed or not properly developed. Another common reason for flat feet is an abnormal leg length. This can happen as a result of muscle imbalances that occur during one’s lifetime. Due to certain muscles being weaker than others, the legs can be out of alignment, which affects the way the foot strikes the ground. Finally, having flat feet can be due to a foot deformity that happened during childhood. If a child is putting a lot of pressure on their feet and toes, they can cause soft tissue misalignment. Over time, that misalignment can become permanent. ![reception princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Reception-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03.jpg "reception princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **What Are the Symptoms of Flat Feet?** Generally, people with flat feet don’t notice pain in their feet, and they lead a normal, active lifestyle. But when they start experiencing pain in their knees or hips, the problem is obviously there. If the affected person is a child or a teenager, the doctor would monitor the situation very closely. The most common symptoms of having flat feet are: - Pain in the shins or the calves - This is one of the most common symptoms of flat feet; - Foot pain or pain in the toes - This can happen when a person walks a lot or when they have a long day at work. It can also indicate a more serious problem such as nerve damage; - Plantar Fasciitis - This is a condition that affects the soles of the feet. It is caused by the rupture of the plantar fascia, the ligament that supports the arch of the foot. ## **How Is a Diagnosis Made?** Your doctor will take a look at your foot structure and decide whether you have flat feet or not. If you are suffering from foot pain, he or she might order X-rays. However, the diagnosis can be tricky if you only have one or two symptoms from the above list and your feet have a normal appearance. In such a case, your doctor might refer you to a podiatrist for a thorough examination. The podiatrist will measure your foot structure, take into account your other symptoms, and examine the pressure distribution between your foot and the floor when you walk. ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13.jpg "Colorful drawing of the foot - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Treatment Options for Flat Feet** If you have flat feet and they don’t cause you any discomfort or pain, there’s no reason to treat them. But if they do, there are a few options you can turn to. - Orthotics - These are devices that are inserted in the shoe to provide more support to the foot. A podiatrist can prescribe one that is specially designed for your foot type to improve your posture and help your arches to pronate better. - Physiotherapy - Depending on the level of discomfort you are experiencing, your doctor might refer you to a physiotherapist for treatment. They can help you with stretching or strengthening exercises, or they can even recommend a suitable orthotic if your feet are particularly sensitive. - Surgery - It is rare for a doctor to suggest surgery for flat feet since the condition does not cause any serious health complications. However, if the pain is too great, surgery might be the only solution. ## **Final Words** Having flat feet doesn’t mean you can’t lead a healthy and active lifestyle. But you should keep in mind that, unlike people with high arches, you are more prone to various foot and ankle injuries, such as plantar fasciitis. Your doctor will recommend which exercises are best for you so you can strengthen your muscles and improve your posture. If you follow their advice, you will soon be enjoying the benefits of an active lifestyle without pain! **Categories:** Tibia, Ankle, & Foot --- ### [The Best Way to Treat Muscle Strains](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/treating-muscle-strains/) **Published:** March 28, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Muscle strains are a pretty common orthopaedic condition.  You’re likely going to experience muscle strain during your lifetime.  **Content:** Muscle strains are a pretty common orthopaedic condition. You’re likely going to experience muscle strain during your lifetime. Muscle strains can result from overexertion or sudden movements, often when the muscle is either stretched too far or injured by a direct blow. Or, as you get older, they can be caused by simply getting out of bed (haha!) Muscle strains are also more likely to occur in individuals who lack flexibility or strength due to advancing age, inactivity, injury, or other health-related issues. Here are some tips for treating muscle strain and getting back into shape! ## **Symptoms of Muscle Strain** When you have a muscle strain, you’ll know it. It hurts. You may experience pain, tenderness, spasms, and limited movement. Other common signs include bruising, swelling, warmth over the site of injury, or abnormal skin coloration. ## **What Causes Muscle Strains?** Muscle strains are typically caused by sudden, unanticipated movements or overexertion of the muscle. How muscle strains occur are usually associated with an active lifestyle–which is great!–but they can dampen your enthusiasm for what you’re doing to stay in shape. Muscle strains can result from overuse, stretching a muscle too far, or being hit with an unexpected blow. Muscle strains are more likely to occur in individuals who lack flexibility or strength due to advancing age, inactivity, injury, or other health-related issues. That’s why practices like active stretching or pilates are essential for prevention. ## **Treatment Options for Strained Muscles** Thankfully, not all strains require a trip to the doctor, but you should take them seriously and let us help you. If the pain or discomfort lasts longer than a couple of days or you notice severe bruising or discoloration, we recommend you come in. We’ll be able to pinpoint the problems and even figure out whether the problem is something severe, such as a ruptured or torn ligament. The best way to treat muscle strain is to apply a brace to the injured area and take anti-inflammatory medication like ibuprofen or naproxen. Applying an ice pack to the injury for 15 minutes can also help reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and speed up recovery. Unless otherwise indicated by a physician, you should avoid using heat on the injured area to prevent tissue damage and promote healing. You should also avoid stretching or massaging the injured area, which could worsen the tear. Keeping your leg elevated for as long as possible after you have sustained a muscle strain will also help reduce swelling and decrease pain. (Side note: You mustn't put weight on an injured leg until it has completely healed). Here are some things you should do at home if you have a muscle strain: ### RICE Method One way you can treat a muscle strain is to use the RICE method. The acronym stands for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation. To follow the RICE method, you will need to rest your muscle strain. This means taking some time off from activities that put pressure on your injured area and resting it in a comfortable position. You should also apply an ice pack to the injury for 20 minutes at a time, every hour or so. Make sure not to apply pressure directly onto the injured area with the ice pack. Use a towel or cloth between your skin and the ice pack. Finally, use an elastic bandage or ace wrap to keep your injured area compressed. ### At-Home Treatments If you experience a muscle strain, it is important to take care of the injury right away. Try some of these home remedies for muscle strain to help speed up the healing process: - Apply heat packs for 10-15 minutes for two days following an injury, then apply it less often. - Avoid using any weight on the affected limb and avoid walking more than necessary until healed. - Take Ibuprofen or acetaminophen according to your need and the bottle's directions. - Get plenty of rest and drink lots of fluids to fight any potential infection and promote healing. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 126](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-126.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 126 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 156](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-156.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 156 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **Muscle Strain Prevention and Rehab** The best way to rehabilitate muscle strains is to try out some rehabilitation exercises. Rehabilitation exercises are used to strengthen the muscles around the injured site and promote healing and prevent future injury. Some of the most common rehabilitation exercises include: - Strengthening exercises - Stretching exercises - Range of motion exercises - Massage therapy - Ultrasound therapy These rehab exercises are designed to help your body heal itself and get back into shape after an injury. Rehabilitative exercises also serve as a preventative measure, which means they can be beneficial in cases where a person has experienced previous injuries or has certain health conditions that make them prone to injuries. ## **How Can You Prevent Muscle Strains?** Muscle strains are preventable with the proper methods. To prevent muscle strains, you should focus on increasing your flexibility and strength. You can do this by exercising regularly and stretching before you exercise. You should also avoid overexerting yourself, meaning that if you're getting a little tired or sore during a workout, it's time to stop and take a break. Muscle injuries are one of the most common injuries in any athletic or physical activity. They are especially common in sports like soccer, rugby, and football. In this blog post, we’ve outlined the most effective ways to treat muscle strain. Depending on the severity of the injury, you should seek medical attention. In the meantime, you can use the RICE method to relieve any pain and swelling. Home remedies like ice baths and cold packs can also be helpful in your recovery process. The best thing you can do is take preventative measures to avoid getting muscle strain in the first place. Avoiding heavy lifting and stretching before and after workouts is a great way to start. **Categories:** Physical Therapy --- ### [At POA, We Are Driven to Care for Our Community](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/driven-to-care/) **Published:** January 14, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** We pride ourselves on being a community of extraordinary care. As community-based caregivers, our doctors, teams, and physical therapists exist to provide world-class care for our local community first. Our love for our community is why we are driven to provide the extraordinary care we’re known for delivering. ## Pioneers of Extraordinary Care We strive to be true pioneers in how doctors collaborate. We don’t let egos get in the way of providing exceptional care to our patients. We believe that two heads are better than one, so we collaborate. If treatment in another POA practice area makes sense, we won’t hesitate to make that referral. We are community orthopaedic surgeons. When our patients have a question for Dr. Lamb, they get a call from Dr. Lamb. We provide a great product that we deliver personally to the people of our community with great care. Why is this so important to us? We’re long-time members of our communities. We live here, and we love being here. We see our patients on the sports field, grocery store, bike trails, and taking our kids to school. The people who walk through our doors are more than patients — they’re neighbors. We know you, and we want to give you the best care possible. You don’t need to drive two hours to receive the proper treatment. We can provide that here. “You want your neighbors to be well; you want the individuals around you to be well, and the better your community is, the safer and more productive your life will be, as well as your community,” said Dr. Jeffrey S. Abrams, a shoulder specialist with POA. We serve our neighbors just like we would serve our family. That’s part of the community of extraordinary care you’ll find at POA. “All of our partners are so well qualified that I’m very comfortable for any one of them to take care of my family members, and they have,” said Dr. Hari P. Bezwada. “So it’s not just a practice, it’s not just a group of partners, it’s more of a family more than anything else.” ## World-Class Care for Central New Jersey When a patient visits us with pain, we don’t just shuffle them off to the first doctor available. They meet with a physician’s assistant who will talk with them about their pain, lifestyle, and goals for their recovery. The physician’s assistant will obtain preliminary x-rays and MRI scans to refer them to the correct orthopaedic doctor so that doctor has all the information they need to suggest the proper treatment. These steps are just the beginning. We do more than study an x-ray. We get to know you as a patient because we want to get you to the best place possible. We want to know your goals for your treatment and recovery. Are you looking to alleviate your pain, or do you want to get back on the football field? Do you want to be able to take a simple walk, or do you have dreams of running a marathon? Whatever your activity level, whatever your goals, we want to do everything we can to get you where you want to be. “One of the advantages of Princeton Orthopaedics is that we are specialists, so we are experts in what we do,” said Dr. Stuart Levine, a foot and ankle specialist with POA. “We have people who, if you have a shoulder problem \[we have\] an expert in your shoulder. We have people for your knees; they’re experts in the knees.” We don’t treat x-rays. We don’t treat test results. We treat people. ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-24-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-24-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Categories:** News --- ### [Collaborating in the Community: It’s a Team Effort at POA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/collaborating-in-the-community/) **Published:** January 10, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** **What makes POA different is vision and purpose.** So many businesses - let alone medical professionals or orthopaedic surgeons - lack vision. A motto. A guiding light around which all care is focused. Our mission guides the way we treat patients, every single day. **Our mission is simple, yet powerful.** We are a Community of Extraordinary care. One of the ways we stay true to our vision is by extensive collaboration - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates prides itself on how we work together as a collaborative, effective, laser-focused team… Not only do we serve the community, we *are* a community - A community of professionals dedicated to patient-first, collaborative care that makes people feel delighted that they chose us for their orthopedic care. We treat humans. Humans that have emotions, fears, frustrations, and concerns. We don’t just fix medical problems. How you feel about the care you received is so important to us. We never want to lose track of that guiding principle. That means our patient doesn’t just have one doctor working on their case. We talk to each other and work with each other to provide the absolute best, most comprehensive care for our patients. We are a collaborative community of doctors, teams, and physical therapists serving a fantastic community. We see our patients on the soccer fields, at the grocery store, or on the bike trails. That community connection in Central New Jersey drives us to provide you with the best, most extraordinary care we can. When we say we collaborate, we don’t simply mean with one another. We collaborate with you, the patient, and take your treatment goals into account. Are you looking to get back onto the playing field, to go for a daily walk or bike ride, or to live a normal, everyday life without pain? Your goals are our goals, and we take them seriously. So our first steps are to learn more about you and collaborate with you to customize treatment oriented to your goals. - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-16-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![reception princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Reception-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "reception princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![reception princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Reception-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "reception princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-40-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 129](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-129-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 129 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Two (or Three… or Five) Heads Are Better Than One** The collaboration doesn’t stop there, however. We believe the best results come by collaborating with one another. Our doctors often collaborate with each other to ensure each patient receives the best treatment. Sometimes, one health issue can cause other health issues. Our doctors often consult with each other on our most complex cases, ensuring every course of treatment is backed up by the best thinking in the field. ## **Getting Started in Our Collaborative Community** It’s easy to join our collaborative care in an extraordinary community. [Simply call or text us to set up an appointment. ](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/)We will work with you to determine the best course of treatment, whether it’s making a few lifestyle changes, getting physical therapy, or having surgery. You will have the benefit of working with a team of doctors, nurses, assistants, and physical therapists who collaborate to meet your goals and achieve your dreams. [Contact us today!](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) **Categories:** News --- ### [POA Provides The Three Ts: Extraordinary Talent, Tools, Techniques](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/learn-about-the-three-ts/) **Published:** December 20, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we offer our patients the Three Ts on an extraordinary level. What are the Three Ts? They are extraordinary talent, extraordinary tools, and extraordinary techniques we use to serve Central New Jersey with world-class, world-recognized, and award-winning orthopaedic care. The Three Ts are the cornerstones of the exceptional, personalized care we provide to every one of our patients. We are honored to serve you! ## Extraordinary Talent Our doctors at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates are fellowship-trained and board-certified. That means they’ve spent an additional year receiving the best training in their particular field of practice. Our doctors are focused on one particular area of practice, which means they see and treat the same types of injuries every day. That means they have knowledge, expertise, and skills beyond doctors who take a more general approach to orthopaedics. We value training and continuing education for our doctors, team members, and physical therapists at POA. Our board-certified orthopaedists keep up with the latest literature and evidence-based treatments. If there are newer, better ways to treat your injury or illness, we want to know about it! The more we know, the better we can treat you, and your comfort and satisfaction are our ultimate goals. ## Extraordinary Tools At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we believe in providing state-of-the-art tools in-house for our patients, so they can get the best care possible without having to go from one place to another to do it. We offer advanced x-ray and imaging services, physical therapy tools, and treatment tools. We also have the ability to 3D print new joints, so we can customize new joints for each patient right in our offices. Orthopaedics isn’t a stagnant field. There are new tools for treatment, surgery, or physical therapy frequently. We don’t use experimental tools that might not achieve the goals you want for your treatment or recovery, but we will adopt new, proven tools quickly once they are shown to benefit our patients. - ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 31](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-31-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 31 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-37-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 54](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-54-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 54 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Extraordinary Techniques Doctors and physical therapists at POA believe in keeping up with the latest techniques to benefit our patients. We are among the first to adopt proven, effective, innovative techniques to benefit our patients. However, we don’t use new techniques until we have proof they benefit our patients. We want to provide our patients with extraordinary care without hampering their recovery with techniques that may not provide the maximum benefit. Our patients demand excellence, and we’re committed to providing that excellence. We do that by knowing and utilizing the best techniques and the most innovative steps in their care. Their goals are our goals — to get them back to an active, pain-free lifestyle. Visit our offices at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates and see how the Three Ts can change your life! **Categories:** News --- ### [Why Princeton Orthopaedic Associates? We Offer Exceptional Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/why-choose-poa/) **Published:** December 17, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is a community of extraordinary care. We say that because we are proud and honored to bring extraordinary talent, tools, and techniques to you. We serve Central New Jersey with world-class, world-recognized, and award-winning orthopaedic care. POA has some of the most talented and recognized orthopaedic physicians in the world. We work in a collaborative community to serve Central New Jersey communities. We are an outcome-focused orthopaedic practice that combines world-class talent with compassionate service. ## Unique Patients, Personalized Care We don’t see patients as just an injury. We don’t see every problem as a nail and every solution as a hammer. In other words, we don’t treat every injury the same because injuries aren’t the same. We don’t believe that every orthopaedic issue requires surgery. We believe the best solutions focus on patient-desired outcomes. If those outcomes are achievable without surgery, we do everything in our power to use non-invasive techniques. To do this, we take time to get to know our patients. We want to know your goals, your dreams for the future, and how you want to achieve those goals and dreams. If surgery is necessary, you can rest assured that you will get exceptional care from our extraordinary team of experts. We invest heavily in the latest, evidence-based technologies. We have the right technology for even the most complicated procedures. We use the latest imaging equipment, and we can even custom-print your new joint, allowing for more precise procedures and better outcomes. You have unique needs. We meet those needs with exceptional, extraordinary, personalized care. - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-17-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-32-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Come See the Difference! We know that we serve people - actual humans - not random orthopaedic conditions. That drives us to compassionate care. We genuinely believe our teams, doctors, and therapists are an exceptional group dedicated to all we do. That’s why we call ourselves “A Community of Exceptional Care.” We provide the communities we love, live in, and serve with exceptional care. Our goal is to be Central New Jersey’s community orthopaedic center. More importantly, we want to be *your* orthopaedic center. [Contact us](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) today to see what we can do for you. **Categories:** News --- ### [More Than a Group of Doctors; We’re a Community of Extraordinary Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/community-of-extraordinary-care/) **Published:** December 15, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we refer to ourselves as a “Community of Extraordinary Care.” That means that we support the community we live in and love with exceptional care. It also means that we are a community of doctors, teams, and physical therapists who work together to provide the best diagnosis, treatment, and recovery care possible for each and every patient. ## The Meaning Behind ‘Community of Extraordinary Care’ So what do we mean when we say we are a “Community of Extraordinary Care?” It means we provide extraordinary care that puts patients over profits and personalized care over rubber-stamp treatment. We know that patient-first care creates better outcomes. We get to know our patients and develop long-term relationships that help us to provide personalized care. We exist to provide world-class care to our community, the surrounding region, and the greater northeastern United States in a highly collaborative, patient-centered environment. We continue to draw patients from across the country - and we love that and will continue to serve patients worldwide - but our hearts are in our community. That is where our greatest commitment lies — the people we see in the grocery store and on the soccer field. We want to get to know you, and we want you to get to know us. Why? Because we know the more comfortable you feel with us, the better the communication, and the better we can help you. Orthopaedic care is about so much more than surgery or physical therapy. It’s about changing or improving habits to eliminate pain. It’s about finding solutions that fit your lifestyle. It’s about discovering your goals and dreams and striving to achieve those with exceptional teams, tools, and techniques. ## Extraordinary Orthopaedic Care In Central New Jersey Whether you need urgent care today or long-term physical therapy, we can provide extraordinary care to get you back on the field, in the gym, or just on your feet again. Getting started with us is easy. Visit our website or contact us for an appointment by calling or texting us today. - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 53](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-53-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 53 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 70](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-70-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 70 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Categories:** News --- ### [We’re Serious About “Outcome-Focused Care”](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/outcome-focused/) **Published:** January 4, 2022 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** Now, on the surface, this begs the question, “*Right, but aren’t ALL medical professionals outcome-focused? What makes POA special?!”* This is the most important question you could ask when it comes to your medical care - let alone trying to find an orthopaedic surgeon or therapist! We welcome questions like this because they demand excellence - and we’re serious about excellence. We don’t believe in cookie-cutter treatment plans. We know that every patient has different injuries and different goals - different desires, different bodies, different hopes for what life should look like after orthopaedic care. Maybe you simply want to return to a normal lifestyle, or perhaps you want to run a marathon! Whatever your goal is, that’s our goal, too! ## **Outcome-Focused Care** ***What does Outcome-focused care mean?*** Outcome-focused care means listening to what you want and doing our absolute best to give it to you. Outcome-focused care means listening - closely and intently - first and foremost. Outcome-focused care means that we will never ignore how you feel and never ignore your input. ## **The POA Approach** ***There is no one-size-fits-all approach to patient care*** Treating a 50-year-old patient the same as a 20-year-old patient does not help the patient. This approach doesn’t consider the patient’s age, activity level, or lifestyle. The result is often unnecessary treatments, unnecessary visits, and unnecessary COST that serve the business more than the patient. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates has a vastly different approach to treating our patients. Our doctors take the time to get to know our patients, understand them, and recommend treatments that advance their overall objectives. That means we won’t recommend surgery or other procedures if we feel they will not benefit you. We treat you as an individual from the moment you walk through our doors. With the help of our physician’s assistants, doctors, teams, and therapists, we will tailor a treatment that takes what you want into account. Whether you want to get back to your active lifestyle or just want a non-invasive treatment that helps manage your pain, we can create a plan that suits you best. - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 62](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-62-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 62 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 41](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-41-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 41 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Evidence-Based Treatment, Focused Specialists** Providing care that is based on sound science, sound research and proven, but cutting-edge, techniques is what we’re all about. We provide world-class orthopaedic care that advances our patients’ recovery through evidence-based procedures. This means we don’t perform costly or unnecessary procedures, and we don’t perform procedures if the likelihood of success isn’t high. We don’t experiment on our patients. We rely on proven treatments that we know will yield results. However, if new and better ways are proven to work for our patients, we will be among the first to adopt those treatments. For example, we use more non-invasive surgeries as they are perfected and become more beneficial for our patients. Our goal is to get you back to the best you possible, period. ## **Get Started With POA** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates exists to provide world-class care to our community, the surrounding region, and the greater northeastern United States in a highly collaborative, patient-centered environment. We get to know you not just as our patients but also as our neighbors. You don’t have to live your life in pain. [Call or text us for an appointment](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/), and let us see what we can do for you. What makes POA different is vision. So many businesses - let alone medical professionals or orthopaedic surgeons - lack vision. A motto. A guiding light around which all care is focused. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, our mission is simple. We are a Community of Extraordinary care. One of the ways we stay true to our vision is by extensive collaboration. You see, not only do we serve the community, we ourselves are a community - A community of professionals dedicated to patient-first, collaborative care. That means our patient doesn’t just have one doctor working on their case. We talk to each other and work with each other to provide the absolute best, most comprehensive care for our patients. We can create a plan to reduce or eliminate your pain, so you can get back to living your life the way you want. [Contact us today!](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) **Categories:** News --- ### [Sore Shoulder? Repairing a Labrum Tear](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/repairing-a-labrum-tear/) **Published:** November 25, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** Does your shoulder “lock” when you move it? Is it sore and difficult to move? Does it seem unstable? If so, these are the symptoms of a labrum tear. The labrum is the curved cartilage that sits in the shoulder’s ball-and-socket joint. When it is torn, it can cause pain and instability in the shoulder. ## What Is the Labrum? The labrum is cartilage that sits against the glenoid, which is the rounded socket of the shoulder. It cushions the glenoid from the head of the humerus or upper arm bone. The labrum is vital because the ligaments of the shoulder attach to it, providing stability for the shoulder. The labrum also supports the muscles and the tendons of the rotator cuff, which is made up of the tendons that surround the shoulder and help keep it in place. With all these critical functions, damage to the labrum can cause significant issues for the shoulder. A labrum tear can cause your shoulder to become dislocated. In other words, the humerus head can pop out of the joint, rendering the shoulder difficult to move or completely immobile. That’s why it’s essential to diagnose and treat a labrum tear as soon as possible before further damage takes place. There are two main types of labrum tears: a SLAP tear and a Bankart tear. A SLAP tear stands for a tear from the “superior labrum from anterior to posterior.” That means the tear runs from the front of the upper arm back toward the glenoid, where the tendon holding the bicep connects to the shoulder. This type of tear is common in athletes, particularly those who snap their shoulders, such as baseball pitchers. A Bankart tear occurs when a patient dislocates their shoulder and the material around the joint pulls on the lower part of the labrum, tearing it. This is common in younger patients who dislocate their shoulders. The tear can cause the shoulder to dislocate repeatedly or more efficiently. ## Treatment for Labrum Tears A labrum tear can be treated in minor cases by resting the shoulder and taking anti-inflammatory painkillers. In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be necessary. You will need physical therapy to help strengthen the shoulder and prevent further dislocation. If physical therapy doesn’t improve the shoulder, surgery may be necessary to repair the labrum. Surgery usually can be done arthroscopically, which allows for shorter recovery times. Still, recovery will include physical therapy to regain mobility and strength in the shoulder. Full recovery can take six months to a year, depending on the severity of the injury. **Categories:** Shoulder --- ### [Bowlegs: Causes, Symptoms & Relief](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/bowlegs-101/) **Published:** July 13, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** You may have heard the term “bowlegged” or “bowlegs,” but what does it mean? Bowlegs are a deformity mainly in the knees that causes the legs to bow outward. It’s common in infants because of their positioning in the womb, but as they grow, develop, and begin to walk, their legs should straighten naturally. For those whose legs don’t straighten, you may need treatment or surgery to correct a bowlegged deformity. ## What Are Bowlegs? Infants are born with their legs in a bowed shape because of how they are positioned in the womb. Their bones develop and harden in the first three years of their lives, and the legs usually straighten as the knees move into proper position. However, if the legs are not straight by age three, that’s when a child may be diagnosed as bowlegged. Bowleg deformity is more than an issue of appearance. It can also cause knee and hip pain; limited mobility, particularly in the hips; difficulty walking or running; or instability in the knees. The symptoms may get worse as the patient grows. Knee arthritis is common in adults with bowleg deformities. Several diseases or factors can cause bowlegs; these include: - Bone dysplasia or abnormal growth - Paget’s Disease, a metabolic disease - Blount’s Disease, which damages growth plates in the knees - Badly healed fractures - Rickets, a vitamin D deficiency disorder - Achondroplasia (dwarfism) - Poisoning by lead or fluoride ## Treatment of Bowlegs If treatment is begun early while the bones are still developing, it is possible to treat without surgery. Braces may be used to straighten the legs and allow them to develop straighter. Physical therapy may also help the bones straighten out on their own. As the patient ages, surgery may become more necessary, particularly for teenagers and adults whose bones have fully hardened and are no longer growing and developing as those of children. In this case, an osteotomy is performed to straighten the leg. Usually, an osteotomy involves correcting the tibia (shin bone) just below the knee. Still, it sometimes can affect the femur (thigh bone) instead of a combination of both bones if the deformity is severe. During surgery, an incision is made on the side of the knee. A notch is cut in the upper part of the tibia near the knee joint, and the tibia is spread until it is appropriately aligned with the knee. Bone grafts are put in the notch, so the bone fuses with them and stays in its proper position. A plate is screwed into the tibia to hold the bone in proper alignment. In more severe cases, a surgeon may insert pins to screw into an external fixator, which sits on the outside of the knee and stabilizes the bone as it heals. Most patients will begin physical therapy after about six weeks. Recovery from an osteotomy can take anywhere from 3-6 months, depending on the severity of the deformity and the complexity of the surgery to repair it. **Categories:** Hip, Knee, Tibia, Ankle, & Foot --- ### [Separated Shoulder: What It Is & How to Fix It](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/separated-shoulder/) **Published:** October 15, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** People with persistent or severe shoulder pain may have a separated shoulder condition. This happens when the ligaments that connect the collarbone to the shoulder blade are stretched or torn. The injury can be mild, requiring mainly painkillers and some TLC, or severe, requiring surgery. The shoulder experts at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can diagnose your shoulder separation and recommend the best treatment. ## Separated Shoulder 101 A separated shoulder isn’t necessarily what it sounds like. Some people might imagine the humerus (upper arm bone) separating from the shoulder joint, but that isn’t the case. It involves the clavicle, the long bone at the top of the shoulder. Also, the bone doesn’t have to be separated entirely from the shoulder to be considered a “separated shoulder.” The clavicle is connected to the shoulder blade with a series of ligaments. If the shoulder is injured, you could stretch those ligaments. In more severe cases, the ligaments are torn, causing the clavicle to pop up and creating a bump at the top of the shoulder. Symptoms of a separated shoulder include pain, swelling, a bump on the shoulder, arm weakness, and limited mobility of the shoulder or arm. ## Treatments for Separated Shoulder Treatment for a separated shoulder depends on the severity of the injury. If only the ligaments around the clavicle are involved, and if they are just stretched, treatment may be as simple as using over-the-counter painkillers and anti-inflammatories, such as ibuprofen, and resting and icing the shoulder regularly. You may need physical therapy once the shoulder is healed to bring full mobility back. In cases where the ligaments are torn, or other injuries are involved, such as a torn rotator cuff, surgery may be necessary to repair the shoulder and restore proper movement. During the surgery, the surgeon makes an incision and repairs the ligaments. Often, this can be done arthroscopically, which allows for faster healing. In more severe cases, a larger incision might be needed to install a plate to stabilize the shoulder and allow it to heal correctly. The plate is usually removed once the shoulder is healed. You will require physical therapy to return full mobility to the shoulder. The patient will wear a sling for about four weeks before beginning lower arm exercises. Shoulder exercises could start as soon as six weeks after surgery. Full recovery can take up to six months. **Categories:** Shoulder --- ### [Top 5 Physical Therapy Tools to Aid Your Recovery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/top-5-physical-therapy-tools-to-aid-your-recovery/) **Published:** September 16, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** One of the biggest tools for recovery from orthopaedic issues is physical therapy. Whether to treat an injury or disorder, or whether to speed recovery after surgery, physical therapy can greatly improve healing for patients. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we have a team of physical therapists who focus on particular parts of the body, so you get the best care possible. Physical therapists can utilize several tools to help a patient to heal, from manual therapy to ultrasonic waves. Let’s take a look at some of the tools and techniques our physical therapists can use to alleviate your pain. ## 1. Manual Therapy This is one of the most common forms of physical therapy and one of the best tools we have — the therapist’s hands. The therapist can use massage, mobilization, manipulation of the muscles or joints, and strengthening exercises and movements to help the patient. Physical therapists are trained in various techniques to improve blood flow, strengthen muscles and ligaments, and ease pain. ## 2. Exercise Just as physical therapists are trained in certain manual techniques, they are also trained in certain exercise techniques designed to target specific muscles and joints and help them recover from injury or surgery. Specific movements are needed to strengthen joints, tendons, ligaments, and muscles during recovery, and physical therapists know these movements and can teach patients to utilize them for recovery. ## 3. Ultrasound Waves Physical therapists can use wand devices to apply ultrasound waves to certain parts of the body. These waves create heat deep within the tissue where massage or outside heat packs may not be as effective. This deep heat improves blood flow and stimulates healing. This technique is especially good for the healing of ligaments. Ultrasound waves can also be used to enhance the reaction of topical medications, such as cortisone. ## 4. Hot or Cold Therapy Physical therapists are trained to use heat or cold to speed the healing of muscles and joints. Therapists know the best methods to use ice to reduce swelling and inflammation in soft tissue injuries because the cold causes the blood vessels to shrink. Therapists use heat for the opposite effect — to open the blood vessels and allow more blood to flow to the injured area. This reduces tightness and pain and allows for more mobility. It allows the therapist to stretch the muscles, ligaments, and tendons better to improve mobility faster. ## 5. Traction Traction isn’t necessarily what you might think. Most people get the idea of a patient in a hospital bed with their legs in casts dangling in the air by a sling. Instead, it’s a form of decompression therapy used mainly on patients with spinal injuries or spinal disorders. Traction is used to reduce pressure on the spine and alleviate pain. It is used for conditions such as degenerative discs, pinched nerves, and herniated discs. Reducing pressure on these conditions through traction can ease the pain for patients and allow faster healing. - ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 123](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-123-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 123 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 126](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-126-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 126 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 153](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-153-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 153 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") These are just a few of the tools physical therapists are trained to use to improve the lives of patients. If you believe physical therapy might help you, contact Princeton Orthopaedic Associates for an evaluation. Let us help you get back to a pain-free, active lifestyle. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric --- ### [Tendonitis: How to Recognize It, How We Can Treat It](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tendonitis-101/) **Published:** August 12, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** A sore shoulder, a sore elbow, a sore knee — they all could have a common ailment. It’s called tendonitis, and it can affect the overused or injured joints of patients of any age. It’s most common in athletes and those with active lifestyles — those who use these joints often and with great effort. The good news is, tendonitis is very treatable, often at home. However, it’s essential to diagnose and treat tendonitis quickly and adequately so it doesn’t lead to long-term damage. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can use x-rays and digital imaging to determine whether your joint pain is caused by tendonitis or something more serious. ## What Is Tendonitis? Tendonitis is the inflammation of the tissue that connects muscle to bone. It tends to happen around joints in the body, particularly those most used, such as the shoulder, knee, and elbow. Patients with tendonitis experience pain, tenderness, and mild swelling in the area of the damaged tendon. Tendonitis can be caused by injury, but the leading cause is repetitive or excessive motion that puts strain on the tendon. Awkward positions, forceful exertion, or frequent overhead reaches can also cause tendonitis. ## Diagnosis and Treatment Diagnosis of tendonitis usually can be done by a physical examination alone. However, your doctor may request x-rays or other digital imaging to confirm the diagnosis. The imaging can also ensure there aren’t other issues causing your pain, such as a tear to a tendon or ligament, a bone spur, or other injuries. The good news is, you can often treat tendonitis at home. Mild cases can be treated simply by resting the joint, using over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications, and icing the joint regularly. If these methods don’t work, corticosteroid injections can reduce the inflammation and alleviate the pain while the joint rests. Some patients may benefit from physical therapy as well. A physical therapist can provide movements and exercises to strengthen the tendon while providing alternative movement that reduces stress on the tissue. Your doctor may use outpatient treatments to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain in more severe cases. One such method is dry-needling, where a needle creates small holes in the tendon and encourages healing. In chronic tendonitis cases, scar tissue may build up in and around the tendon. Ultrasonic treatment may be used to combat this. A small incision is made, and a device is inserted to remove scar tissue using ultrasonic waves. Surgery usually isn’t necessary unless there is severe damage to the tendon, such as a tear in the tendon or if the tendon has torn away from the bone. Surgery types will depend on the location of the tendonitis. Recovery can take several weeks to several months and likely will require physical therapy. **Categories:** Elbow, Knee, Shoulder --- ### [Dr. Hari Bezwada named Director of Capital Health Joint Replacement Center](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/dr-hari-bezwada-named-director-of-capital-health-joint-replacement-center-2/) **Published:** August 12, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** Dr. Hari Bezwada, an orthopedic surgeon who specializes in adult hip and knee replacement, has been named the Medical Director of the Marjorie G. Ernst Joint Replacement Center of Excellence at Capital Health Medical Center – Hopewell. Last year, Dr. Bezwada served as physician champion for Capital Health to receive disease-specific certification for Total Joint Hip Replacement from The Joint Commission. An orthopedic surgeon with Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, Dr. Bezwada attended Albany Medical College and completed residencies at Columbia University Medical Center, Drexel University College of Medicine and Allegheny University Hospital. He also completed fellowship training in knee replacement at Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia and joint reconstruction at Sinai Hospital of Baltimore in Maryland. He is board certified by the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery. To learn more about Dr. Bezwada please go [HERE](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/hari-p-bezwada-md/). **Categories:** Elbow, Hip, Knee, News --- ### [Anastasia D.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/anastasia-d-2/) **Published:** October 14, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I am a 55 year-old fitness instructor – I rely on my physical abilities to make a living; Although I was in a lot of pain, I was extremely hesitant about undergoing hip replacement surgery given that I did not know to what extent a potentially lengthy recovery would undermine my work. Dr. Bezwada was absolutely wonderful. His conduct was impeccably professional, and his care for his patients unquestionable. His polite and personable demeanor immediately put me at ease and made me comfortable to ask many questions about my condition and its treatment. He shared his knowledge unhurriedly taking into account my knowledge of the human body. He thoroughly explained the problem with my hip and the surgery to correct it and provided me with “take-home” information that allowed me to make an educated decision about undergoing surgery. He truly went out of his way to make me feel comfortable and confident by phoning me the night before the surgery to go over residual issues and answer any questions. During my brief stay at the hospital and during my follow-up visits at his office he has consistently addressed all my questions about the healing process unhurriedly and with great care. I have healed surprisingly fast and my pain has completely disappeared. I am able to walk again without pain and anguish and have resumed all my intense physical activities at the gyms and outdoors. I cant’ speak highly enough about Dr. Bezwada. I have recommended him to my clients and friends and will continue doing so in the future. He is a great asset and I am grateful that he is there for me and all of his other patients.* Anastasia D. Highland Park, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Laura B.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/laura-b-2/) **Published:** October 14, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *During the space of one years’ time, Dr. Brian Vannozzi performed total knee replacement surgery on both of my knees. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates’ staff made each phase of the surgery, its preparation and recovery, as stress free as possible. Appointments were easily made and worked with my schedule; staff was courteous and cheerful, and Dr. Vannozzi was everything you would want in your surgeon. I have since recommended Princeton Orthopaedic Associates and Dr. Vannozzi to several coworkers without reservation.* *I can’t begin to tell you what a difference this surgery has made in my life. The constant pain is gone; I am able to walk to the soccer fields to watch my grandsons’ games; and everyday chores have become so much easier.* *During my recent six-month post-surgery checkup, Dr. Vannozzi came into the examining room and asked me how I was doing. My simple reply was: “I walked across the parking lot…NO MORE VALET PARKING FOR ME!”.* Laura B. Ewing, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Jeanne K](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/jeanne-k-2/) **Published:** October 16, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Scheduling – surgery & follow-up appointments were a breeze? Wait time – “none”. I have my life back! Within 2 weeks I threw away my walker/cane. Three months later I walk 90 minutes a day – at least! I did at-home exercises post-surgery but did not need any formal physical therapy my prior constant back, knee, hip, and groin pain disappeared immediately. Dr. Bezwada’s beside manner is perfect. He is very calm and conveys that to his patients! I feel unstoppable!* Jeanne K. Toms River, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Russell F](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/russell-f/) **Published:** October 16, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *My first hip replacement surgery was done in Philadelphia in 2005. When it was time to have my other hip replaced, I chose Dr. Bezwada & Capital Health in Hopewell, NJ. Dr. Bezwada is one of the few doctors that performs this surgery through the front instead of the back. This means there are no movement restrictions, which reduces rehabilitation time and pain. The pre-surgery consultation and orientation at Capitol Health were excellent. They informed me of the entire process from pre-admission testing to discharge. Dr. Bezwada phoned me the evening before the surgery to assure me that everything was going to go well. After surgery, I woke up in recovery and was soon taken to my private room. The nurses at Capital Health were professional and polite. Because of Dr. Bezwada, I am able to coach soccer again pain-free. I recommended Dr. Bezwada to my mother-in-law and at age 83 also came through the surgery pain-free.* Russell F. Lawrenceville, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Lawrence C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/lawrence-c/) **Published:** October 16, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Dr. Bezwada spent as much time as I needed in his office discussing my hip replacement. He had me walking the next day. Three days later I was driving with little pain. The procedure was so much easier than I thought. Other doctors I talked to earlier scared me into waiting 3 years with great pain till I met Dr. B. Everything he told me was right on. His office is great. He is caring and I had very little downtime. I may need my other hip replaced. This time, I am not waiting at all.* Lawrence C. Hillsborough, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Barbara D](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/barbara-d-2/) **Published:** October 16, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I would like to say a HUGE “thank you” to Dr. Song. He performed torn rotary surgery on me 9 months ago and I was able to ride my horse again within 6 months. He did an amazing job! I saw the doctor regularly for 6 months after my surgery. At every appointment, the doctor patiently answered all of my questions and never acted as if he had to hurry to the next patient. **Dr. Song is the type of physician every patient deserves**.* *His assistant, Ashley, was always prompt at returning phone calls and addressing my concerns. I still do the exercises Ashley took the time to review with me.* *And last, but not least, Dr. Song’s office staff operates like a well-oiled machine. They are knowledgeable, friendly, and know how to schedule appointments. My appointments were always on time, which is quite a feat!* *Thanks again to an incredible surgeon and those who provide support to him.* Barbara D. Bordentown, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Ora G.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/ora-g-2/) **Published:** October 16, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Dr. Song is wonderful in every way. He is positive and professional. He managed my expectations every step of the way. I never waited long in the waiting room to see him. He is respectful to his patients and towards his staff. He was very encouraging and attentive even during my visits after the surgery. This is a practice where everyone is so kind and every detail is thought through! I'll say again, the encouragement that I received were an integral part of the surgical experience. Dr. Song is not your typical rushed, cold surgeon but rather, very warm and caring--and, of course, very skillful. I never felt rushed and was able to get respectful answers to all my questions. I also noticed that in my PT setting, many shoulder or knee patients had been to Dr. Song and I heard only good things. Regarding my experience with Dr. Song and his wonderful staff, I wanted to add that the specially-fitted sling and the ice pack that I was given in my pre surgery appointment were also an important part of my recovery.* Ora G. Highland Park, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Helene B.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/helene-b-2/) **Published:** October 16, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Dr. Song was absolutely wonderful. He is very "real". He worked with my goals: I am very active: Zumba 4 days a week/skiing. He never pushed me towards surgery – we tried other conservative options first. Then he explained exactly what to expect at surgery and for my recovery. He called me that night to see how I was doing! Everything went exactly as planned – no "surprises" and I'm happy to report that I'm back to all my activities.* **Helene B.** *Monmouth Junction, NJ* **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Judith G.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/judith-g-2/) **Published:** October 16, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I went to see Dr. Song because of his excellent reputation. He was highly recommended by my trainer and other physicians. I was really impressed with his manner. He took the time and thoroughly explained what was wrong and exactly what he could do for me and then gave me the space to think about it and come to my own decision. My down-time after the procedure went in-line with what he said it would be and I was well prepared coming into the surgery. I followed his instructions exactly. On my follow up visit he again took the time to explain exactly what he had done and answered all of my questions. I am very happy to be back to Pilates and weight-bearing exercises!* **Judith G.** *Ewing, NJ* **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Jorge B.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/jorge-b-2/) **Published:** October 16, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Dr. Abrams really is the gold standard for orthopedics – he has a great bedside manner and he is an excellent technician. He has been my orthopedist for over 20 years and I have recommended him to family and friends. I have trusted him over the years to make the best decisions for my orthopedic care. He has always been realistic in his explanations as to what to expect and, actually, I have always managed to heal much faster/better than anticipated. If I were to rate him I would give him an A+!* **Jorge B.** *Rosemont, NJ* **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Michele S.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/michele-s-2/) **Published:** October 17, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Dr. Gecha is the very best. I am a 19-year-old varsity college swimmer who slipped leaving the pool, fell down a flight of stairs, and severely hurt my knee. After over 9 months of physical therapy, two MRI’s and having seen two orthopaedic sport medicine doctors I was still constantly in severe pain they all said there was nothing wrong with my knee and it was all in my head. I finally went to see Dr. Gecha. He took a very long time examining me and reviewing all of my records including the two MRI scans both showing nothing of concern. He was very understanding and really understood what was going on with my knee. He also understood the stress of being a collegiate athlete and the pressure put on by coaches pressing for me to get back to competing.* *Together we put into place a plan which includes very special physical therapy by one of the great therapists at Princeton Orthopaedic, Sue. That prepared me for the surgery by Dr. Gecha on Tuesday. On Sunday I drove back to school. Within a week I was feeling better and within two weeks I was completely pain-free. I am still doing extremely well and hope to return to competitive swimming shortly after Thanksgiving.* *I could not have done this without the knowledge and excellent care given by Dr. Gecha and his knowledgeable and caring staff. Thank you all.* Michele S **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Jorge C.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/jorge-c-2/) **Published:** October 17, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Professionalism with a personal touch – this is the most direct way I would summarize my experience with Dr. Gecha and team. From the initial visit to the prognosis and discussing my treatment and surgical options, Dr. Gecha clearly articulated the full scope of my surgery and the recovery. The surgery itself went incredibly smooth and effortless. I can also report that my knee feels like it did when I was 20 years younger. I can honestly say that the experience with Dr. Gecha and the full POA team is by far the most rewarding medical process I have ever encountered. I would recommend POA to everyone!* Jorge C. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is pleased to announce that Michael S. Grenis, MD is joining our Orthopaedic Practice](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/welcome-michael-s-grenis-md/) **Published:** October 20, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** Dr. Grenis has been practicing orthopaedic and hand surgery in Princeton since 1990. Dr. Grenis brings particular interest and advanced training in hand surgery, encompassing the evaluation and treatment of conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome, tendonitis, fractures, and ligament injuries of the hand and wrist. In addition, for the past three years, Dr. Grenis has been serving as one of the orthopaedic trauma surgeons at Pocono Medical Center and will be joining our trauma team at the Capital Health Regional Medical Center, a Level II Trauma Center. If you would like a consultation with Dr. Grenis at our main Princeton office, our Ewing office, or our newest office at the Medical Arts Pavilion, University Medical Center of Princeton at Plainsboro, please give us a call at 609-924-8131. If you are in the Emergency Department, you may request one of our Fellowship Trained Orthopaedic Surgeons. - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-32-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 58](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-58-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 58 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Categories:** Hip, News --- ### [Mary H.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/mary-h-2/) **Published:** October 20, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I consider it my good fortune to have become a patient of Dr. Pressman since 2007 when he replaced my first hip. Since then, he has replaced my other hip and two shoulders with excellent results. I have obviously found him to be very skillful in addition to being a very kind and compassionate man. He takes the time to listen and explain. I don’t think there is any higher praise than referring your family and friends to a doctor. They have all felt the same way. He is such an asset to your group. I would be remiss if I did not commend Nancy, his surgical scheduler. Her efficiency and thoroughness cannot be compared. She too is a huge asset to your group. She is the best. As you can see, if I had more joints to replace - you know who would do it!* Mary H. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Don G.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/don-g-2/) **Published:** October 20, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *My wife and I call Dr. Gutowski “THE MIRACLE MAN”. The doctor’s bedside manner was really impressive. All my questions before the operations were answered. Although the procedure and rehab came with a good amount of pain, I never thought about not having the second surgery. Dr. Gutowski and his staff prepared me for the operation. I thank Dr. Gutowski for answering all my questions and easing my fears about the operation, but MOST OF ALL, I thank him for making it possible for me to walk without pain or a limp.* *I suffered for years with pain until I could hardly walk. Rehab after my first knee replacement (left knee) was a little more difficult because my right knee was bad and I had difficulty standing on it. After my 2nd operation (right knee) the rehab was easier because my left knee was new, so it as much easier to stand with it. I sometimes forget how bad the pain was because my knees are like new! The last 2 years before my operations I was taking at least 800 mg of ibuprofen daily, sometimes as much as 3200 mg. Your man is a Genius. God Bless Him.* Don G. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Sebika B.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sebika-b-2/) **Published:** October 27, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I was suffering from chronic knee pain for several years. During my recent vacation to Florida, the pain was so severe that I was in a wheelchair for the entire vacation. That was it. I decided on knee surgery for relief. I always thought that recovery was a very long and painful process.* *I went to see Dr. Vannozzi. He suggested a total knee replacement for my left knee. He told me that I would be able to go back to work within six to eight weeks. He assured me that I would be able to walk like a normal person again. I agreed to go ahead, and he performed the surgery.* *A few hours after the surgery, the physical therapist made me walk. Such a good experience! I had physical therapy for a few weeks and went back to work after exactly eight weeks. Dr. Vannozzi gave me my life back. His bedside manner amazed me. Most importantly, he is efficient and personable.* *I am so thankful to him.* Sebika B. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [James P.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/james-p-2/) **Published:** October 27, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Dr. Brian Vannozzi is a great surgeon – great bedside manner - very personable. I have had right and left total knee replacements and I am now playing golf 5 weeks after surgery thanks to Dr. V.* James P. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Patti R.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patti-r-2/) **Published:** October 27, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I started seeing Dr. Vannozzi for an old injury to my right knee. He was doing injections in the knee in preparation for knee replacement surgery in the near future. Then, when I injured my left knee at work, I knew immediately that I wanted Dr. Vannozzi for it also. He was caring and considerate and didn’t jump on the “you must have surgery immediately” bandwagon. We discussed my options and did the conservative approach first, of arthroscopic and injections. Then, when the knee got worse, we discussed total knee replacement. He walked me through every step, letting me know what to expect at every turn. I had total confidence in him and knew that I would get the best care in a professional and caring manner. He was there for me, answering all my questions, and was always available when I called. It was a long process from surgery to rehab to where I am today and Dr. Vannozzi has been with me every step of the way. I have total confidence in him and his abilities and I feel like I am part of his team.* *He is going to be replacing my right knee in January and I know Dr. Vannozzi is going to make this surgery and aftercare go as well, if not better, as he stays on top of the cutting-edge of the ever-changing technology in replacements.* *A co-worker of mine has been going to NYC for his knee and wanted something closer to where he lives in NJ. I recommended Dr. Vannozzi. He went to see him and his surgery is already scheduled for November. That is a true indication of the compassion, knowledge, and confidence Dr. Vannozzi shows to every person he sees.* *There is a running joke with the receptionist every time I come to the office to see Dr. Vannozzi: I have to say “left knee” or “right knee” so they know which knee he will be seeing me for. They are wonderful - I walk in and they know my name!* Patti R. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Gary M.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/gary-m-2/) **Published:** October 27, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Earlier this year, I ruptured my Achilles tendon playing basketball. My early thoughts of surgery in a hospital for the first time had me extremely concerned. I had no idea of what to expect going forward. However, from the very first office visit, Dr. Hasan has been absolutely wonderful. From her first diagnosis where surgery became a reality, thru each cast replacement and follow-up session, she has exceeded my expectations and washed away my concerns with a calm and direct demeanor. I have continued to make progress and am very thankful for her expertise in handling my case.* *While in the casts, I was told by friends (who had similar injuries) of the stories of the “dreaded” rehab and therapy I’d have to endure over the coming months. I decided to attend therapy sessions at your Monroe location since it was close to my work office. I am very pleased to state that my friends had it all wrong (or just went to the wrong places). Mona Slansky and the rest of your physical therapy group in Monroe have been absolutely superb. Mona has been right on the ball in each and every step I have taken and has made my rehab a very rewarding experience. The entire group has been pleasant and very easy to work with. I have looked forward to each and every session I have attended, mostly due to the pleasant and professional atmosphere your group at Monroe has displayed while getting me back to a state where I am close to attempting to hit the courts again.* *If it wasn’t for the severity of the injury, I might say that I was glad it happened. If it didn’t, I wouldn’t have met such an excellent group of friendly professionals.* *Once again, many thanks!!!* Gary M. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Millie G.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/millie-g-2/) **Published:** October 27, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *In the spring of 2013, Dr. Marc Lamb performed my carpal tunnel and trigger thumb surgery with great success. I had tremendous pain and numbness all the time, and it affected my daily working life and sleeping at night also. I must say my outcome was that I no longer experience any pain or numbness at all; this was more than I even hoped for. I work with someone in a different hospital who had the same surgery (with a different surgeon), and he still experiences pain and numbness.* *I feel very fortunate to have had Dr. Lamb as my surgeon. Not only was he an excellent surgeon, he had a wonderful bedside manner, a kind, and gentle hand, and he listened to everything I had to say. Thank you to Dr. Marc Lamb and, of course, I highly recommend him!* Millie G. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Bonnie H.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/bonnie-h-2/) **Published:** November 12, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Brian Vannozzi is the Doctor who saved my life. I can tell you the following about this very special person who came into my life:* *After a traumatic experience of shattering my hip, I was fortunate to go to Princeton Hospital and through resources my family found Dr. Brian Vannozzi.* *He operated and replaced my hip. Fortunately, he was trained in the latest method in hip replacements.* *I attribute my being able to walk, swim, dance, run and lead a normal life today to my attitude and Dr. Vannozzi’s skill.* *Everyone has a different pain tolerance and mental attitude. We all have different physical abilities and different circumstances.* *His bedside manner, integrity, honesty, knowledge of the newest procedures, and his dedication as a doctor is just the beginning of who he is. He cares!* *Unfortunately, statistics show that 50% of the people who break their hip after the age of 55 will die. Of the 50% that live, only 25% will walk again without any assistance. I have recommended many people who need a routine hip or knee replacement to Dr. Vannozzi. The feedback has only been positive. With great respect, I remain, happy at 72 years young!* Bonnie H. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Kathleen K.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/kathleen-k-2/) **Published:** November 12, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *My experience with the POA office at Monroe has been very positive. The office staff was always polite, efficient, and accommodating.* *Dr. Vannozzi is friendly, professional, and responsive. He is extremely knowledgeable, experienced, and reassuring. His surgical coordinator, Denise, was very, very helpful in organizing MRI appointments, pre-admission appointments and guiding me along with additional appointments I needed to make, i.e, with my primary physician, cardiac, etc. She was available for questions and guidance throughout the pre-surgical period.* *Dr. Vannozzi’s physician assistant, Dishank, proved himself invaluable to Dr. Vannozzi and his patients, as Dishank was consistently available for questions pre-surgery, post-surgery, medication queries, etc. He always returned calls in a timely manner.* *I cannot say enough about my experiences in both May and October of this year. I would gladly recommend Dr. Vannozzi and his team of professionals to whoever is considering knee or hip replacement.* Kathleen K. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Janelle B.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/janelle-b-2/) **Published:** November 12, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I have a rather extensive history with Dr. Abrams and his PA, Herb Williams. I have had 4 surgeries with them ranging in time from 2005 to 2014. I can honestly say I love these two men. They have been so kind and caring over all these years.* *My first experience with Dr. Jeffrey Abrams was in November of 2005. I had a severe rotator cuff tear in my right shoulder which required surgery. My surgery took place at the end of December 2005. First, the nurses at the surgery center were terrific! My surgery required twice the time they had anticipated, but Dr. Abrams was very thorough in finding and repairing all the damage I had – a major tear to the subscapularis and supraspinatus as well as a total tear with retraction of the long head of the biceps tendon. All his work was done with minimal invasiveness (arthroscopically) which minimized scarring and disfiguration, not to mention, recovery time.* *On surgery day, prior to my surgery, Dr. Abrams personally came around to me to chat about the surgery, and to generally see how I was doing and if I had any questions. He has a very kind and gentle way about him.* *I was sent home in a sling with a couple of prescriptions. A day or two after surgery, I was contacted by the surgery center to see how I was doing. All in all, just a great experience (as far as surgical procedures go).* *Since my initial surgery, I have returned for 3 other surgeries with Dr. Abrams. Dr. Abrams went back into my right shoulder 9 months after the initial surgery to release scar tissue that was preventing movement. In 2009, Dr. Abrams performed a similar surgery on my left shoulder, and then in 2013, he went into my right shoulder again because I was complaining of pain. That time, he “cleaned up” my shoulder by removing old sutures, a bone spur, and some arthritis, and let me say this…my right shoulder feels the best it has in 14 years!* *Although the waiting time is excessive for office visits, Dr. Abrams and Herb make me feel like a family member when I see them. They aren’t all business. They take the time to ask about my family and my overall well-being. They take the time for my concerns and questions, and never rush me through an office visit. I just love Dr. Abrams and Herb Williams. They are two very caring and compassionate professionals.* -Janelle B. Yardley, PA **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Nnenna L.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/nnenna-l-2/) **Published:** November 12, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *My experience with Dr. Abrams and his staff was 100% positive. Dr. Abrams has all of the best qualities you could hope for in a doctor: expertise and a genuine kind caring manner. I hope to never have surgery again, but if I do, it will most definitely be with Dr. Abrams.* -Nnenna L. New York, NY **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Ellen N.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/ellen-n-2/) **Published:** November 12, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I cannot say enough about how wonderful Dr. Nazarian has been to me. He has successfully fixed my back issues. I was in constant pain and losing all feeling and movement in my left leg.* *Dr. Nazarian is a caring, personable doctor who listened and supported me when I needed encouragement and the confidence Dr. Nazarian would fix my problem. More doctors should have such a great doctor/patient relationship. He is simply the BEST.* *I have also had surgeries with Dr. Gutowski, another doctor about whom I have many good things to say. I have, and will continue to recommend Dr. Nazarian and Dr. Gutowski every time.* -Ellen N. Monroe Township, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Steven J.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/steven-j-2/) **Published:** November 12, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I can walk, jump, and run the Philly half-marathon thanks to Dr. Stuart Levine. In July of 2000, I had a traumatic accident. I fell off a ladder over 20 feet high and I landed standing straight up! My left leg took all the impact and I had a compound fracture and broke both bones (tib and fib).* *Over the course of a year, I had many surgeries to repair and mend the bones, including lots of physical therapy and gym time. By 2001, I was back in the field and fully functioning as a technician doing Appliance Repair.* *The experience was gruesome, but with the persistence, professionalism and loving care of Dr. Levine and his staff, I survived this dark period of time in my life. It will never be forgotten! If you find yourself in need of a top-notch orthopedic surgeon, Dr. Stuart Levine and his team should be your first call!* -Steven J. Edison, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Elizabeth R.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/elizabeth-r-2/) **Published:** November 12, 2014 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I wish to extend my sincere compliments to Dr. Levine and his staff for the excellent care given to me when I broke my ankle in three places.The accident was on a Saturday, when I was out of town. Dr. Levine’s office adjusted everyone’s schedule so I could be seen Monday morning at 9:15 followed by surgery on Friday.* *Dr. Levine was complete in his explanation of the breaks, his intended procedures, and the postoperative results. I always felt I was receiving the most professional care in the most sympathetic way possible. I would recommend Dr. Levine and his staff, so competently supported by Ms. Kelly Little, PA, to anyone with the serious injury I suffered last May.* -Elizabeth R. Princeton Junction, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Nancy M.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/nancy-m-2/) **Published:** January 8, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Having my knees replaced was the best thing I ever did. Dr. Vannozzi always took the time to talk to me and didn’t dismiss my issues because I am overweight. The surgery was almost painless, as far as my recovery. I had one knee done and, two months later, the second knee. They were a little different in my recovery – Dr. Vannozzi told me that would most likely be true. I can go anywhere with my children and grandchildren. Gram doesn’t have to find a bench any longer!* Nancy M. South River, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Lisa M.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/lisa-m-3/) **Published:** January 8, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** Today was 8 months since my second rotator cuff repair with Dr. Abrams. Woohoo! I want to thank you for all the superb care you offered. My shoulders feel great! As suggested, I am re-evaluating my fitness regimen. Maybe I don't need a 3rd-degree black belt. We shall see. Thanks again. My experience as your patient was exceptional. Lisa M. Hamilton, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Lisa P.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/lisa-p-2/) **Published:** January 8, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Dr. Ark was very warm and knowledgeable about treating my injury. His approachable manner made it easy for us to ask questions. He made us feel comfortable. He did my surgery with keeping my recovery to a minimum. I have followed up with Dr. Ark and my experience was amazing. I would recommend Dr. Ark and his office for any orthopedic needs.* Lisa P. East Windsor, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Charles D.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/charles-d-2/) **Published:** January 8, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Dr. Moskwa performed surgery on my shoulder. I am extremely satisfied with the results. He was upfront with me, sensed my anxiety, and went out of his way to assure me of what the surgery entailed and what I could expect. The follow-up to the surgery was very thorough. My timeline for recovery was exactly as he did inform me it would be. He is an excellent surgeon.* Charles D. Cream Ridge, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Millie P.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/millie-p-2/) **Published:** January 8, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *My surgery with Dr. Smith went very well…my follow-up care was done with POA. My postop visits were handled efficiently and quickly. I had no difficulties scheduling my appointments and my waiting time was minimal. Dr. Smith took his time explaining my x-rays and how my healing was doing and what to expect next. All-in-all, things moved along smoothly.* Millie P. Monmouth Junction, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Maria K.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/maria-k-2/) **Published:** January 8, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Dr. Vannozzi is an excellent surgeon. I had a very great experience with this doctor as well as his office staff. Dr. Vannozzi is very caring about his patients. He explained all procedures and, afterward, follow-up care. I cannot say enough about how wonderful and knowledgeable Dr. Vannozzi has been to me.* *I had both total knees replaced about two months apart and all the support and care they provided was the best in the class. I cannot imagine going to a different office than this one. Many thanks to Dr. Vannozzi and all his highly-skilled team at Princeton Orthopaedic.* Maria K. Whitehouse Station, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Mary D.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/mary-d/) **Published:** January 8, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I was a patient at the St. Peter’s Wound Center in Monroe, being treated for a pressure wound under my right big toe. After several unsuccessful attempts, and nearly two years of trying to heal this wound, one of the doctors I had seen on my next visit to the Wound Center, mentioned Dr. Levine to me. She said that he specialized in the foot and, at this point, he could maybe help me. She told me to make an appointment to see him, just to see what he had to say.* *I did make that appointment and I saw him in July of 2014. He told me that the bone in my right big toe should be removed and that this should take care of my problem. I was nervous about having this done because I didn’t know how my foot was going to be. I told Dr. Levine that I would think about it and get back to him.* *After a few visits to the Wound Center, I could see that nothing was getting better. Then, on my visit to the Wound Center in August of 2014, the doctor at the Wound Center who had checked my wound, went on to probe it and he hit bone. This was not good, because now the bone was exposed and also infected. The Wound Center doctor, phoned Dr. Levine’s office and spoke with him, asking him to see me because of the bone infection.* *I did see Dr. Levine and I had no choice but to have this operation. Dr. Levine’s office scheduled my surgery for the middle of August 2014 and made arrangements for my preadmission testing. I’m glad that I didn’t have to wait long to have the surgery. My surgery was scheduled at 8 AM at Princeton Hospital as an outpatient and I was back home, in my house, by 11:30 AM – that’s really remarkable. (By the way, the Princeton Hospital is really beautiful). My follow-up care with Dr. Levine was always done in a timely manner. My pressure wound is finally healed and it only took about 1-1/2 months after the surgery. When I went back for follow-ups, I could see the incision made to remove the bone was getting smaller and smaller.* *In my opinion, I think that Dr. Levine is a dedicated and caring physician. I would recommend him, in an instant, to anyone. His staff, including the office personnel, was courteous and professional. I am very pleased that Dr. Levine was my surgeon.* Mary D. Neptune, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Noreen M.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/noreen-m-2/) **Published:** January 8, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *It was time for a total hip replacement, and I knew that a successful outcome depended on the skill of the surgeon and his team. I took the time to check out several highly-regarded joint replacement programs, and chose Dr. Vannozzi. I couldn’t have made a better choice. Dr. V’s surgical skill and my amazing recovery surpassed my highest expectations. I have not come across anyone who had such a great experience and as full a recovery as I have had.* *Through pre-op, the surgery, and postop care, Dr. V. and the POA team were more than helpful in taking the time to provide complete information on all aspects of the surgical process, from scheduling, insurance, to home care. They made the process as smooth and easy to navigate as it could be.* *I am looking forward to having my second hip replacement shortly, and am confident that my care and recovery will, again, be outstanding. The facilities and care that I received at UMCPP couldn’t be better – it was world class. I am so grateful to Dr. Vannozzi for his caring manner, up-to-date information, and surgical skills. He has enabled me to again live pain-free and regain my life. Thank you, Dr. Vannozzi.* Noreen M. Doylestown, PA **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Lawrence G.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/lawrence-g-2/) **Published:** January 8, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *The best medical advice I have been given was to get a second opinion regarding the scheduled amputation of two toes, following osteomyelitis and poor outcome from attempted surgical debridement by another physician. Dr. Levine was sure he could salvage the situation and I had surgery performed by him to more aggressively fight the infection.* *Sure enough, his word was true. He is an excellent clinician with extraordinary skills. As a physician assistant, I now refer all my patients requiring orthopedic intervention to Princeton Orthopaedics and, specifically, to Dr. Levine for foot issues. This is a wonderfully run practice!* Lawrence G. Crosswicks, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Richard M.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/richard-m-2/) **Published:** January 8, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Dr. Vannozzi is, without a doubt, the finest surgeon any patient could hope to have. In the past 2 years, he has provided me with two new hips and each operation has been a qualified success. This time, I was discharged from the hospital after 2 nights and a nurse came to my house on 2 occasions. An excellent physical therapist, Hazel, also came to the house and worked with me for 1 week. After 16 days, Dr. Vannozzi cleared me to drive and I am now doing 4 weeks of outpatient PT.* *All aspects of my operation – before and after – have been quite magnificent. I did not need any equipment, as I had it from my first operation on the opposite hip, two years ago. I did not use a walker or crutches and was free-walking after 5 days. I see Dr. Vannozzi again in December, hen he says he will clear me to ski in Colorado in January where I am a ski and snowshoe guide.* Richard M. Cranbury, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Joyce P.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/joyce-p-2/) **Published:** January 8, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Kind, considerate, caring, charming and, most of all, gifted. All of these words describe Dr. Brian Vannozzi. He has a calm command of his profession – even in the trauma room at the ER. My family’s confidence in Dr. Vannozzi was bolstered by his rock-star level academic and professional credentials. It was my good fortune that he was on duty the day I broke my hip.* Joyce P. Hamilton, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Richard B.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/richard-b-2/) **Published:** January 8, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I have dealt with a lot of physicians in my time. Never have I met someone as kind and caring as Dr. Nazarian. He called me at home after surgery to see how I was feeling. His staff is kind and caring. We never wait long to see him. When he schedules you for an appointment, he is on time. Since using him, we have referred people to the office. He is a great doctor and genuinely kind person. ONE OF THE BEST.* Richard B. Manalapan, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Stanley M](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/stanley-m-2/) **Published:** January 27, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *From the first scheduled appointment to the last one, everyone was professional and very helpful. This was my third surgery done here and they were all handled the same way. Susan Rutledge (Dr. Moskwa’s surgical secretary) was very helpful, as usual. The people at the Surgical Center were also great. In closing, I would like to say that from the girl at the desk to the doctor, it was a pleasure to deal with courteous and professional people. It shows that Dr. Moskwa cares about his patients.* Stanley M. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Gary N](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/gary-n-2/) **Published:** January 27, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Following a sports injury in June 2014 and a subsequent MRI, I was diagnosed with a large cervical disc herniation at C5-6. My spinal cord was severely compressed causing myelopathy and stenosis. Dr. Nazarian performed anterior cervical fusion and discectomy surgery in September. From our first meeting through the post -surgery follow-ups, he was caring, compassionate and took the time to explain everything in great detail. He was always accessible and willing to answer my questions, and possesses a great bedside manner. I can’t imagine that I could have been in better hands and would highly recommend Dr. Nazarian.* Gary N. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Ahmed E.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/ahmed-e-2/) **Published:** March 18, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I would just like to let you know Dr. Mizrachi how lucky I am to have you for my doctor, after having had a very bad experience with a prior doctor. I know that it will take a while for my condition to improve. I just wanted to let you know what a wonderful attitude you have towards me, that I feel very optimistic that my disc and back problems will get better with all help and advice towards me.* *You have become one of the biggest names around my family and friends. I am always telling everyone what a wonderful person you are and that I have nothing but respect and admiration for you. I hope that you have continued success with your practice and in all things that life will come your way.* *To say thank you is not enough to try to explain how I feel about you. I wish for the best of everything for you: good health and a good life. I am always praying for the best of everything for you. You make me feel like I have a second home when I visit your office.* Ahmed E. Plainsboro, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Denise C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/denise-c-2/) **Published:** March 18, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I chose the services of Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, PA, for the outstanding services and optimal results from treatment by Dr. Arik Mizrachi. Dr. Mizrachi asks all the right questions which require detailed answers to my health issues over the past few years. He gets to the heart of my issues quickly. He prescribed MRIs and x-rays which confirmed his prognosis and highlighted other issues which Dr. Mizrachi immediately acted upon. He prescribed PT sessions, and when we assessed the positive results of that, he generously prescribed additional PT which solved my issues. He generously offered samples of medicine which resulted in optimal results combined with the PT. Dr. Mizrachi has an excellent bedside manner; he offers insightful professional opinion in a lively interactive discussion which I can understand as a patient. He offered multiple solutions/options for treatment of my issues, and while we completed a successful procedure initially with short term results, we found an optimal solution for long range treatment through a new prescription combined with an active exercise regimen. I highly recommend Dr. Mizrachi’s services for hip and lower back issues for an optimal quality of life.* Denise C. Hillsborough, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Dennis B.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/dennis-b-2/) **Published:** August 11, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *No words can express my gratitude towards your goodwill. You help make the world a better place and I appreciate that, so thank you for being you.* Dennis B. Hopewell, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Jeff S.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/jeff-s-2/) **Published:** August 14, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Over the last few years, I have needed three separate and different surgical procedures on my right foot, and my wife has had one procedure. The Achilles tendon on my right foot had become inflamed, my big toe first joint became worn out, and my small toe developed a hammertoe. My wife had what is called a Morton neuroma, a growth of nerve tissue between toes. So, you might say that we have had a lot of experience with Dr. Hasan and that she has become perhaps more familiar with our feet than even a podiatric surgeon would desire.* *We both have been very pleased with the quality of care that we receive from Dr. Hasan, as well as the Princeton Orthopaedic staff, the physical therapy staff at the Princeton Avenue and Route 206 offices, and of course the hospital staff during the surgery. During the course of treatment for each of our issues, Dr. Hasan explained what was wrong, and she clearly outlined the possible courses of action. While surgery is probably no one’s favorite choice, when one cannot walk without pain on every step, it is probably the only choice. We were able to schedule this quickly, and the procedures were thankfully completed without any issues.* *After surgery, care is important. Changing casts and dressings and dealing with post-recovery pain and physical therapy was relatively drama-free. The physical therapists were patient and effective. So,do we want to have more foot surgeries? no, but I know where to go if I need more.* Jeff S. Princeton, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Audrey B.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/audrey-b-2/) **Published:** August 14, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *When our son, Garrett, mentioned he was having foot pain at the age of 13, we were understandably concerned. He is a born athlete, and we worry that issues with his feet could prevent him from playing the sports he loves. Dr. Jennifer Hasan explained what was causing the pain and gave us an action plan to address the problem. Garrett then had successful surgery on both feet. Dr. Jennifer Hasan did a wonderful job with the procedure and provided us with support throughout the entire process. Garrett is now able to participate in a variety of sports thanks to Dr. Hasan.* Audrey B. Kendall Park, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Eva R.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/eva-r-2/) **Published:** August 14, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I came to see Dr. Ark after another orthopedist had basically brushed me off after prescribed physical therapy did not help. X-rays had been performed, and I was told that they could try cortisone injections, but that was all they would recommend because they did not think that I needed to consider therapy. Once the cortisone shots failed, they had no recommendations!* *As a classical pianist, I found this very frustrating because it is imperative that I have complete use of my hand. Dr. Ark listened to me carefully, requested x-rays to be done, and explained the options available to me. He was honest about the time required between surgeries and the fact that he could not predict the outcome. He recommended using an autograft instead of an artificial implant because there was less chance of rejection.* *I had the first surgery in 10/2013 and the second in 03/2014. The end result is that the continuous pain that I had in both thumbs has been alleviated to the point that in 12/2014 I applied to the Master of Music program in piano performance at Westminster Choir College. Last month, I received an acceptance letter together with the maximum scholarship that they could award.* *I cannot thank Dr. Ark and his assistant, Howard, enough. They gave me back an important part of my life. They understood how important this was and gave me their complete attention. The staff at POA was always supportive and cheerful. My experience was positive, and I know that I have orthopedists that I can trust. I would recommend that anyone, especially serious musicians who need to have their concerns treated seriously, to contact Dr. Ark.* Eva R. Princeton, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Patricia Y.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patricia-y-2/) **Published:** August 14, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I had a huge rotator cuff tear on my right shoulder due to a fall last September. Dr. Frederick Song was my surgeon. He spent an appropriate amount of time explaining my medical condition and treatment strategy. He also listened and answered my questions and concerns with compassion and care. He and his able assistant, Ashley Reckdenwald, provided me with the dos and don'ts both before and after the surgery. Due to his expert skills as a surgeon, the operation went smoothly and successfully.* *In the subsequent five follow-ups (between 11/04/2014 and 05/19/2015), he told me my progress, as well as the expectation at each interval. I have regained nearly 98% of the motion and strength of my injured shoulder. I owe Dr. Song a big "thank you." In conclusion, Dr. Song is the kind of doctor every patient would like to have.* Patricia Y. Plainsboro, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Michael R.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/michael-r-2/) **Published:** August 14, 2015 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** Beg*inning with the first visit, the entire staff was helpful and professional. The entire process, through the surgery, was also competent and all my questions were answered to allay any concerns we had. Thank you, Dr. Moskwa, for helping me get back to normal.* Michael R. Somerset, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Nelson O.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/nelson-o-2/) **Published:** January 4, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Clearly, had 3 snapped rotator cuff muscles caused by 2 great accidents while vacationing in Costa Rica. Two months later, I had my first visit with Dr. Song who immediately recognized that my shoulder was dislocated and took immediate action to prevent a need for an artificial shoulder operation. From then on, every aspect of my care was administered with consummate professionalism. I really feel your practice is first class in every way. Dr. Song is really on top of his game and the whole experience was amazing, given the seriousness of my injuries. Eight months after my operation, I was back playing beach volleyball.* Nelson O. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Alan L.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/alan-l-2/) **Published:** January 4, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Dr. Song came highly recommended by my sports medicine orthopaedist. I had a bad tear in my rotator cuff, a bone spur, and he found an old tear in my biceps. He took the time to explain everything to me. I was very nervous about the procedure but the people that work at the Surgery Center, to his assistant, Ashley, to the physical therapist, Rahul, made my experience a reassuring one. Every part of the procedure went down like Dr. Song told me. I was also fortunate that Dr. Song has a coordinated effort with a highly-skilled physical therapist by the name of Rahul. He knew exactly what Dr. Song wanted done and at no point did I feel that I was ever overextended past my limitations. Now, 6 months after the procedure, I forget that I ever had a problem. I have complete mobility from not being able to raise my arm \[prior\]. I was very fortunate to have a skilled surgeon as Dr. Song treat me. I was so thrilled with the results that I am always dropping his name when I come across people with this common problem. I would recommend Dr. Song very highly.* Alan L. Monroe Township, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Barbara S.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/barbara-s/) **Published:** January 4, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Dr. Nazarian performed a spinal fusion on me in the Fall of 2013. This occurred between a left hip replacement in 2012 and a right hip replacement in 2015. Obviously, there was resulting back pain after each hip replacement. Dr. Nazarian couldn't have been kinder, more concerned, or patient with me. He provided excellent care starting with his surgical skills. I couldn't recommend him more.* Barbara S. Mendham, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Barbara S.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/barbara-s-2/) **Published:** January 4, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *Dr. Vannozzi replaced my left hip in 10/2012 and my right hip this past 10/2015. In between, he was almost as frustrated as me with continuing left hip, back pain, and right hip pain. The right hip proved to be very deceptive. The first two MRIs did not present a need for surgery. The third MRI presented stenosis and a buildup of arthritis necessitating surgery. Dr. Vannozzi was amazed with the amount of damage to the top part of the femur. He has always been a concerned and extremely skillful surgeon. I am finally recovering completely after the second hip. I could not recommend him more.* Barbara S. Mendham, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [POA Selected as a Horizon Omnia Tier 1 Provider](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/poa-selected-as-a-horizon-omnia-tier-1-provider/) **Published:** January 20, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is proud to announce we have been chosen by Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey to be a Tier 1 provider in their OMNIA Health Plans. The Group was selected based on patient satisfaction, quality of clinical care and commitment to value-based healthcare. Patients enrolled with OMNIA Health plans will see lower co-payments and deductibles by utilizing a Tier 1 provider like Princeton Orthopaedics Associates. As always our commitment is to your excellent Orthopaedic care. To learn more about the OMNIA Health plans please click below: **Categories:** News **Tags:** Abrams, Omnia, POA, Princeton Orthopaedic --- ### [Brian D.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/brian-d/) **Published:** February 2, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I have been cared for by Dr. Ark on three separate occasions over the past 7 years: once for a broken heel I suffered in an automobile accident, once for surgery to remove a cyst from my finger and, most recently, for surgery to remove a tiny shard of glass from my hand (this was a Workers Compensation case). In all three cases, Dr. Ark's treatment was excellent. In the office, he took the time to explain the situation and review my x-rays with me. He made both surgeries seem easy all the way from scheduling through the follow up period. I had no complications and healed up with no issues. The amazing thing is that after both surgeries, I never needed to take any of the pain killers he prescribed. I highly recommend Dr. Ark.* Brian D. Kendall Park, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Dr. Jeffry S. Abrams Elected President of the Arthroscopy Association of North America (AANA)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/dr-jeffry-s-abrams-elected-president-of-the-arthroscope-association-of-north-america-aana/) **Published:** March 28, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** Dr. Abrams who has been with Princeton Orthopaedic Associates for over 30 years will serve a one-year term as the president of the Arthroscopy Association of North America. AANA is The Arthroscopy Association of North America and is a provider organization accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME). The organization exists to promote, encourage, support, and foster the development of continuing medical education activities that are free of commercial bias and designed to disseminate knowledge, competence, performance, and improve patient outcomes of those undergoing arthroscopic surgery and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and injuries to the musculoskeletal system. Jeff is among the first surgeons to perform rotator cuff repairs and stabilization surgery using arthroscopy. As an inventor, he has assisted five surgical companies on equipment designs to perform minimally-invasive surgery. He is currently on the editorial staff of five orthopaedic periodicals, has written over 60 chapters in orthopaedic textbooks, and is the editor for *Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Practical Approach to Management, and Management of the Unstable Shoulder: Arthroscopic and Open Techniques.* **Categories:** News, Shoulder **Tags:** Abrams --- ### [Loretta T.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/loretta-t/) **Published:** June 29, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *First of all, I must say I chose Dr. Nazarian off the website. That was truly the absolute best thing I could have done. I was very careful to read all of the reviews and, believe it or not, there was only one bad thing noted, so I chose him. I got an appointment and met him the first time and fell in love. I had suffered for so many years with neck and back pain even after having had surgery before. I had surgery on 09/24/2015 and the rest is history. Actually, my whole family loved the doctor. Thank God for sending him to me.* Loretta T. Somerset, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Mark D.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/mark-d/) **Published:** June 29, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *As a physician, I appreciated the professionalism and attention to detail that Dr. Vannozzi and the staff at Princeton Hospital demonstrated, making the decision to have an elective hip replacement. The experience from start to finish was exceptional. I could not be more pleased with the outcome as, in a very short time, I was walking without pain. It is truly a life redeeming procedure. Dr. Vannozzi clearly is a superior surgeon. I could not recommend him more highly.* Mark D. Manahawkin, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Lee M.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/lee-m/) **Published:** June 29, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I am now seven months post-surgery. It is amazing to feel this good. I had forgotten what it was like to live without pain. I still forget that I can now reach for the peanut butter on the top shelf effortlessly. My strength is still building, only weak in the rotator cuff. I shot baskets the other day. I played tennis, too. Today was the first time that I could hit the heavy bag confidently, not worried about hurting my shoulder. You do have to go slow. Do not overdo it or you will damage.* *What was exciting was that after the initial full rest, there were noticeable improvements every few days, and that continued slowly for me. Now, I am stronger than I was last week. My flexibility is better in the shoulder that had the surgery than in my nonsurgical shoulder. I was lucky to have worked with a very experienced physical therapist. He had never seen a total shoulder replacement like mine. He said that he cannot tell by manipulating me that it isn't a normal shoulder.* *Dr. Abrams is genuinely happy for my improved life. He does not walk around like so many other surgeons that I know. I appreciate how down-to-earth he is—always smiling. I never felt rushed. Dr. Abrams always gave me as much time as I needed. As for Herb, I knew without question that I could ask Herb a question anytime. In closing, I have gone back in time. My shoulder has not been this good for at least 10 years.* Lee M. Long Valley, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Kenneth J.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/kenneth-j/) **Published:** June 29, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *This is my second experience with Dr. Song and, like the first one, amazing results. He and his staff, especially Ashley Reckdenwald, PA, was great, to say the least! When I came to Dr. Song about my left shoulder (he already did my right one), I already went to a "well-known" doctor closer to me in Neptune. He did some x-rays and basically diagnosed me with having bursitis and to put an ointment on daily and "live with it"! Because of my age, there was nothing to be done, he said! I tried that but the pain was keeping me up at night, so I decided to get a second opinion from Dr. Song. He tested me and said that I was in great shape and had a lot of strength there but it seemed odd to him that I have the problem I had, so he advised me to get an MRI to be on the safe side. Upon his findings, he concluded that I had a severe tear in my rotator cuff and that I needed surgery ASAP! This was actually a bit of a shock to both of us because the pain was not the same as my right shoulder. I had the surgery and went to PT and now I am completely free of pain in BOTH of my shoulders and can even swim in the local pool without any problems whatsoever!!! Thanks, Dr. Song, for doing a great job!* Kenneth J. Neptune, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Helene P.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/helene-p/) **Published:** June 29, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *I have been a patient of Dr. Song's for over 3 years. I first started seeing him for shoulder pain in both of my shoulders due to osteoarthritis. He told me he could give me corticosteroid injections to help me with the pain but, in time, I would need to have shoulder replacement surgery. I received the cortisone injections for several years but, in time, they stopped helping with the pain I was experiencing. I then had to decide whether to move forward with shoulder replacement surgery. After talking with Dr. Song several times about the shoulder replacement procedure, he explained to me that the surgery was not as complicated as I had envisioned. I also spoke to Ashley, Dr. Song's PA, and she had nothing but positive things to say about the procedure which helped with my decision to go forward with the surgery. The office staff was very helpful in helping me set up my preadmission testing and the surgery date. When my surgery was over, I was immediately pain-free. After 10 weeks of physical therapy, I was able to move my arm and my shoulder as I should normally and I was pain-free. It has been just over a year since my first shoulder replacement surgery. I am doing great. I had my other shoulder replaced in January with no regrets and no more pain thanks to Dr. Song.* Helene P. Allentown, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Caroline R.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/caroline-r/) **Published:** June 29, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *After having increased shoulder pain and limited use and mobility of my right arm, I had the shoulder replacement surgery performed by Dr. Song. My appointments prior to and after surgery were easily made and the office and nursing staff were always pleasant and helpful. During my appointment, Dr. Song thoroughly explained the surgery he would perform and I felt very comfortable and reassured. After surgery, my pain and discomfort were minimal. I had my arm in a sling for 5 weeks and did my daily exercises as instructed. I then started PT 6 weeks after my surgery 3 times a week for 8 weeks. I am now able to perform all my daily activities and have no pain or discomfort. I am so pleased I had the surgery done and I highly recommend Dr. Song to anyone considering surgery of this kind.* Caroline R. Kendall Park, NJ **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Ingeborg S.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/ingeborg-s/) **Published:** June 29, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *My experience with Dr. Song: He is the kindest, most caring doctor. He actually saved my life. I am 76 years old and, for the last year, was in so much pain in my shoulder, I just did not want to live anymore. In August 2015, I was in the hospital with a pinched nerve and, between my shoulder and back, I was ready to give up. I went to another surgeon for my shoulder and, unfortunately, he could not operate on me until March 2016 but he gave me Dr. Song's name, so I called Dr. Song and he saw me one week later. After reading my MRI, he sat down and talked to me. He said my shoulder was bone-on-bone and, of course, I also have arthritis. The minute I saw him, I knew this was my doctor to help me. To see Dr. Song, I had so much trust in him I was anxious for him to operate on me so, October 14, I went to the hospital. I cannot describe what a wonderful surgeon and person he is. I am still in therapy but I can do everything that I did before. To me, he is like a godsend. I just adore him, trust him, and love him for the help he gave me. I thought I was too old for this operation, but he proved me wrong. I am telling all my friends who have shoulder problems to see Dr. Song. For me, he is the only doctor to go to. I “love” Dr. Song.* *Ingeborg S.* *Lawrenceville, NJ* **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Barbara G.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/barbara-g/) **Published:** July 28, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** *My experience with the shoulder operation that Dr. Song performed was the best decision I made. He was my second opinion that turned quickly to be the first after meeting and talking to him. He explained in great detail about what he was going to repair and I felt so comfortable with him. The outcome of the surgery was better than I expected. My physical therapist was so impressed that he now recommends Dr. Song to all! I can lift my arm straight up and over with no pain. I cannot say enough about Dr. Song. I loved everything about him. The office staff was accommodating and pleasant. Dr. Song was always on time, never late. I will speak to any patient who is not sure what to do!* Barbara G. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Drs. Rossy & Culp join POA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/rossy-culp-join-poa/) **Published:** August 16, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** ![CRgroup](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/CRgroup-300x200.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") We are pleased to announce the addition of William H. Rossy, M.D., and Brian M. Culp, M.D. to our practice. Dr. Rossy is a Sports Medicine specialist, and Dr. Culp specializes in Total Joint Replacement. Both physicians are Fellowship Trained Orthopaedic Surgeons and are currently accepting new patients. Dr. William H. Rossy is a board-certified orthopedic surgeon with a sub-specialty interest in Sports Medicine and the treatment of orthopedic trauma. Dr. Rossy specializes in the management of all sports-related injuries. He has advanced training in arthroscopic and open management of injuries sustained to athletes at all levels--from high school up through professional. He worked as an assistant team physician for the New England Patriots, Boston Red Sox, and Boston Bruins during his fellowship. Dr. Rossy has vast experience in treating ailments of the shoulder as well as complex, multi-ligamentous injuries of the knee. He also has a particular interest and specialized training in hip arthroscopy and cartilage restoration procedures. He aims to return patients to desired sport and/or activity predictably and reliably by offering the most advanced surgical techniques. Dr. Culp is excited to return to New Jersey, where he completed his general surgical internship and his orthopedic surgery residency at UMDNJ Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital. He is returning following a one-year Fellowship at RUSH in Chicago doing a fellowship in adult reconstructive surgery. Dr. Culp brings unique expertise on knee replacement surgery, including minimally invasive partial and total knees as well as complex revision surgery. He also performs minimally-invasive hip replacement surgery from anterior and posterior approaches as well as complex revisions. His practice focuses on patients of all ages who have advanced degenerative disease. Dr. Culp offers outpatient joint replacement surgery to the appropriate candidates. Dr. Culp will be offering the outpatient total joint replacement surgery at both the UMCP Monroe Surgical Center and the UMCP Surgical Center on the hospital campus in Plainsboro. **Categories:** Hip, Knee, News, Shoulder **Tags:** Culp, Princeton Orthopaedic, Rossy --- ### [Orthopaedic Urgent Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/saturday-morning-orthopaedic-urgent-care/) **Published:** August 23, 2016 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** Hurt your shoulder in your Friday evening tennis league? Have an orthopaedic injury that just happened? Did your daughter hurt her knee in her Saturday morning Soccer game? Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is excited to announce the re-opening of our Saturday morning Urgent Care for Orthopaedics. The Practice you have entrusted with your orthopaedic care over the years now offers the opportunity to be seen by a fellowship-trained Orthopaedic Surgeon able to fix all of your family’s muscular and skeletal sprains, strains, and breaks. We offer walk-in, no appointment necessary, Orthopaedic Urgent Care on Saturdays from 8 AM to 11 AM at our office located on the SECOND FLOOR at 325 Princeton Avenue, Princeton. We offer the same service at our Forsgate office on Monday and Wednesday evenings from 5 PM until 8 PM and on Saturday from 8 AM until 11 AM. ![exteriors princeton princeton ave office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Princeton-Princeton-Ave-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "exteriors princeton princeton ave office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") We are sorry, but we must address spine issues during the regular workweek. If you or a family member had an orthopaedic injury within the last 36 hours, give Princeton Orthopaedics a call to be seen and evaluated by one of our Orthopaedic Specialists. And we accept most insurances. Avoid the long waiting times in the Hospital Emergency Departments and give us a call at 609-924-8131. Princeton Orthopedic Associates is the orthopedic group your friends and neighbors recommend. **Categories:** Urgent Care **Tags:** Orthopaedic, POA, Urgent Care --- ### [New Physical Therapists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/new-physical-therapists/) **Published:** November 1, 2017 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** At this time, we would like to announce the addition of three new physical therapists to Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. They will join our team consisting of 16 Physical Therapists, 5 Physical Therapy Assistants, and 1 Occupational Therapist to make POA a PT powerhouse! Physical therapist **Jennifer Kole** reunited with us again from her practice of ten years, Montgomery Physical Therapy in Skillman. Jennifer is McKenzie Certified and is treating patients at 727 State Road in Princeton. **Brett Ostasiewski** graduated with his bachelor’s degree in kinesiology from The Pennsylvania State University and his doctorate in physical therapy from the University of the Sciences in Philadelphia. He did a clinical rotation with our PT, DPT, Jennifer Perna, which allowed for an excellent opportunity to evaluate his skills. Brett is treating patients at 340 Scotch Road. **Michael Biagioli** is a new graduate from the University of the Sciences, along with Brett. Mike has his bachelor’s degree in health science and his doctorate in physical therapy. He is treating patients at 325 Princeton Avenue. **Categories:** News --- ### [Penn Medicine Orthopaedics Princeton Orthopedic Associates Forge Strategic Partnership](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/penn-medicine-orthopaedics-princeton-orthopedic-associates-forge-strategic-partnership/) **Published:** February 13, 2018 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** [![](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/PM_POA_LogoStacked1024_1.jpg "POA Penn Medicine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/PM_POA_LogoStacked1024_1.jpg)[Penn Orthopaedics](https://www.pennmedicine.org/for-patients-and-visitors/find-a-program-or-service/orthopaedics) and [Princeton Orthopedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/) have announced a new strategic alliance in an effort to enhance and continue to improve orthopaedic care to patients in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. As part of the Penn Medicine Orthopaedic Specialty Network, physicians and surgeons at each entity will work collaboratively across state lines to expand patients’ access to highly specialized orthopaedic care, while improving care team communication and processes and collecting data to help physicians advance clinical research and care. As part of this alliance, Princeton Orthopedic Associates’ 25 physicians and five practice locations will further expand the footprint of the Penn Orthopaedics network of affiliated physicians and hospitals – which also includes Cape Regional Medical Center in New Jersey and Bayhealth in Delaware – to reach to those in central New Jersey. “When looking for a partner in the tri-state area, we focused on finding an institution which shared our commitment to providing the highest quality care, to creating an environment where our patients and their families would feel most comfortable and cared for, and to aligning with a group that would be unwavering during the changing healthcare climate,” said **Stuart Levine, MD**, president of Princeton Orthopedic Associates. “In Penn Medicine Orthopaedics, we found the level of dedication and personalized patient care that we had been looking for in a regional partner.” “One of the main goals of the Penn Orthopaedics team is to provide the best orthopaedic care, whether a joint replacement, a hand transplant or a cartilage repair, to the greatest number patients,” said **L. Scott Levin, MD, FACS**, chair of Orthopaedic Surgery and a professor of Plastic Surgery at Penn Medicine. “The partnership with Princeton Orthopedic Associates, the leading community group in central New Jersey, was a natural fit, as our missions are built on the same ideals: taking the best possible care of our patients and forging strong relationships with them and their families, and advancing practice through clinical innovation.” Princeton Orthopedic Associates is already one of the largest orthopaedic practices in New Jersey, serving primarily those in Mercer County and by proximity to Pennsylvania, those in northern Bucks County. **Categories:** Hip, News **Tags:** Penn Medicine, Princeton Orthopaedic --- ### [Get Your Life Back With A Total Knee Replacement & The Help of Dr. Vannozzi](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/get-your-life-back-with-a-total-knee-replacement/) **Published:** January 22, 2019 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** Bridgewater resident Martha Barrett endured knee pain for nearly 25 years. Then the former college gymnast met with Brian Vannozzi, MD, a board-certified orthopedic surgeon at Princeton Medical Center’s Jim Craigie Center for Joint Replacement and a partner at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. Together they agreed on a total knee replacement. She had had nine surgeries at other facilities over the years, but nothing had helped her regain her mobility. After the procedure Martha was ecstatic. “I have zero pain now,” she says. “I can chase my three-year-old grandson down the street. I can play tennis. Dr. Vannozzi gave me my life back.” See Martha talk about her incredible journey in this short video – from knee pain to meeting Dr. Vannozzi to reclaiming her life: Martha’s enthusiasm for her new life has served as an example for her friends. “I’ve recommended Princeton Health to six of my friends, and they are all thrilled.” With results like this, it’s no wonder Penn Medicine Princeton Health was recently ranked by US News & World Report as “high performing” in knee replacement. For more information on the Jim Craigie Center for Joint Replacement and Dr. Vannozzi call 609-924-8131 **Categories:** Knee --- ### [Diane F.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/diane-f/) **Published:** January 14, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** *I was referred to Dr. Rossy by my general practitioner. Following surgery, I can say with measured honesty that Dr. Rossy is excellent at what he does. He is professionally personable and will answer all your questions to allay any anxiety one may have. He offers a truthful and honest opinion regarding diagnosis and surgical outcomes. Sekena, his personal assistant, is very efficient. I would highly recommend this team at POA to take genuine care of your orthopaedic needs. Thank you both and your team for the excellent care.* Diane F. **Categories:** Testimonial --- ### [Dr. Jon Ark Named Chairman of Orthopaedics at University Medical Center of Princeton at Plainsboro](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/dr-jon-ark-named-chairman-othopaedics-university-medical-center-princeton-plainsboro/) **Published:** November 12, 2018 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** **Content:** Dr. Jon Ark has been elected Chairman of the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery at the University Medical Center of Princeton at Plainsboro. Dr. Ark is now Chairman of the newly formed Department of Orthopaedic Surgery. The Department was created when Princeton HealthCare System merged with the University of Pennsylvania Health System. Dr. Ark graduated with honors from Duke University with a Bachelor of Science in Engineering and Biomedical and Electrical Engineering. He subsequently went to medical school at UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson, where he received his medical degree. He served his surgical internship and orthopaedic training at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center in New York. Upon completion of his orthopaedic residency, he served as a Harvard/Mass General Hospital Hand Fellow. He then served as a volunteer for Orthopaedics Overseas, assisting in China for two months. Dr. Ark then entered a private practice in Raleigh, North Carolina, for two years. He also served as an instructor in orthopaedic surgery for the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Medical School. Dr. Ark obtained additional training and specialized in Foot and Ankle surgery at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Completing the training, he joined Princeton Orthopaedic Associates in 1995, where he specializes in Hand Surgery as well as Foot and Ankle Surgery. Dr. Ark is a Board Certified surgeon with the Certificate of Added Qualification in Hand Surgery. He is also an active member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, the American Society for Surgery of the Hand, and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society. - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 56](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-56-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 56 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 44](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-44-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 44 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Categories:** Hip, News --- ### [Taking Care of Your Knees at Every Age](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/taking-care-of-your-knees-at-every-age/) **Published:** January 21, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** The knee is the largest joint in the body, making it vulnerable to many problems. Being aware of these problems and how to prevent them can help keep your knees healthy throughout your life, says Frederick Song, MD, an orthopedist on staff at University Medical Center at Princeton (UMCP). **Overuse injuries:** In young athletes, overuse injuries are increasingly common, including patellofemoral syndrome, a dull pain caused by irritation under the knee cap. These injuries are often caused by playing the same sport year-round, weakening muscles that protect the knee. Playing different sports during different times of the year can help prevent injuries by working different muscle groups. “The number one way to treat overuse injuries is to temporarily stop playing that sport and work on a supervised strengthening program.” Dr. Song says. “It’s hard for parents and athletes to commit to stopping, but it can prevent more serious problems.” **Traumatic injuries:** Sudden injuries from acute deceleration or cutting with or without contact are common in youth athletes and young- and middle-aged adults. These injuries include ligament tears and tears of the meniscus, the fibrocartilage that acts as a shock absorber between knee bones. Adults who participate in sports should also vary their activities and perform exercises to strengthen the hamstrings and quadriceps — muscles that support the knee. Keeping your core muscles strong is also essential for injury prevention. For tears, treatment usually involves surgery to remove or repair the damaged meniscus or reconstruct the ligament. **Degenerative injuries:** In adults over 50, the most common knee problem is osteoarthritis, the gradual breakdown, and loss of cartilage. It’s challenging to prevent arthritis, but keeping your weight down, strengthening the muscles surrounding the knee, and focusing on low-impact exercises such as swimming and biking can help. Osteoarthritis is first treated conservatively with physical therapy and anti-inflammatory medication. Second-line treatments include injections to reduce pain or improve lubrication in the knee. “If a patient exhausts all of those treatments and continues to have pain that affects their daily activity,” Dr. Song says, “then we discuss knee replacement.” **When to see a doctor** Sudden pain and swelling due to injury should be evaluated as soon as possible. Swelling that comes on gradually, and doesn’t improve in a matter of days with rest and ice, should also be brought to your doctor’s attention. - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-27-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 47](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-47-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 47 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-35-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Categories:** Knee --- ### [Treatment For Muscle Injuries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/muscle-injuries/) **Published:** January 27, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** Acute soreness in your muscles after any workout is a relatively normal phenomenon. It typically occurs with lactic acid build-up and is felt hours to a day after physical activity. Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) results after strenuous physical activity and presents as muscle soreness one to three days after exercise. This is a result of microtears in the muscle tissue resulting in inflammation in the tissue. Both phenomena are typical characteristics of muscle building as a result of increased physical activity. Both phenomena are easily treated and self-limiting with proper hydration, stretching, warm-up, warm down, and rest time. - ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 46](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-46-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 46 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") If the soreness lasts for more than several days or becomes more intense, evaluation by a trained professional is recommended. In addition, soreness in the muscle bellies being trained is typical. Still, a more serious problem may exist when pain is located in the tendon insertions (e.g., Achilles tendon, patellar tendon, biceps tendon). If this type of pain persists or worsens, then once again, evaluation with a trained professional is recommended. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric --- ### [Arthritis in the Spine: How to Get Relief for Back Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/spinal-arthritis-relief/) **Published:** February 12, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** There are two main categories of spinal arthritis: inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis. The first is caused by chronic autoimmune disorders, while the second is related to the deterioration of the joints that happens as a person gets older. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we understand both types of arthritis and have treatment options to address them. ## The Basics of Spinal Arthritis Spinal arthritis includes disease of the vertebrae in the neck (cervical) and the middle (thoracic), and the lower back (lumbar). These bones are separated by discs that serve as joints and cushion the bones. These bones can deteriorate because of chronic diseases or degeneration due to aging. This causes arthritis. There are two major types of arthritis: - Inflammatory arthritis: This type of arthritis can affect patients of all ages and is caused by chronic autoimmune disorders. Patients report stiffness, limited mobility in the back, and pain in the neck or back. Patients often can improve by taking part in certain exercises or physical therapy. Medicine regimens have also been shown to help these patients. - Osteoarthritis: This type of arthritis more often hits older adults, as it is often caused by degeneration (wear and tear) as the person gets older. The bones along the spine wear down over time. They sometimes develop narrowed or ruptured discs, bone spurs, and cysts. Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 62sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-62Sharpen-Motion-1-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 62sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 41](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-41-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 41 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06Sharpen-Motion-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treating Arthritis in the Spine Osteoarthritis in the lumbar spine causes pain that often radiates down through the lower body, including the pelvis, groin, buttocks, and thighs. Treatment usually involves physical therapy or specific exercises designed to strengthen your core (torso). This can include yoga, aquatic therapy, or similar strengthening exercise routines. Patients with lumbar osteoarthritis may also go on a regimen of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as acetaminophen. If the pain becomes too severe, corticosteroid injections may alleviate the pain. There is also a radiofrequency neurotomy procedure, where radio waves are used to create heat that disrupts the medial nerve’s ability to transmit pain signals. Neck pain from osteoarthritis, called cervical spondylosis, is caused by a deterioration of the discs and joint cartilage in the cervical spine or neck bones. It’s most common in older patients, though younger people can develop cervical spondylosis. Some patients have little to no symptoms. Others may have stiffness or pain in the neck or shoulders or between the shoulder blades. Treatment for cervical spondylosis can range from NSAIDs pain medications to corticosteroid injections. Patients may also use muscle-relaxing medication. In severe cases of osteoarthritis, surgery may be needed to repair herniated or degenerated discs or to remove bone spurs from the spine. Recovering can take up to six months and requires physical therapy to return a proper range of motion. ## Get Started With Princeton Orthopaedic Associates Princeton Orthopaedic Associates has doctors and nursing teams dedicated to treating spinal pain due to arthritis. Our team provides exceptional diagnosis, treatment, and recovery support from your first visit to your last. We know that each patient is unique, which is why we tailor every treatment plan specifically for you and your needs. [Contact Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) to find out how we can help you live without the pain of spinal arthritis. **Categories:** Spine --- ### [Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 101: How to Prevent It, How to Treat It](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/carpal-tunnel-syndrome-101/) **Published:** March 18, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common ailment caused by pressure on the medial nerve that runs down the arm, through the wrist, and into the hand. The syndrome is named for the medial nerve’s passageway through the wrist. Carpal tunnel syndrome is often caused by repetitive motions done while the wrist is bent, such as when using a mouse or keyboard. ## Symptoms and Diagnosis of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Most patients experience numbness or tingling in the thumb, index, and middle fingers. Sometimes, the numbness spreads to the ring finger and the medial nerve in the wrist and forearm. Patients can also experience pain in these areas. Doctors at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates will diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome through a full patient workup. We will check for recent injuries, perform a physical exam of the hand, wrist, and forearm and obtain imaging of the wrist through either an x-ray or an MRI. - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-16-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treatment and Prevention of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Carpal tunnel syndrome can be treated in several ways, depending on the severity of the pain or numbness. One of the simplest treatment methods is to wear a splint while using a computer to keep the wrist straight. This reduces the pressure on the nerve. Patients can also use medication to alleviate the pain, often with over-the-counter medications such as acetaminophen. For more severe pain, corticosteroid injections are an option. In the most severe cases, you may need surgery to remove pressure from the nerve and alleviate pain or numbness. Changing the routine or alleviating pressure on the nerve by repositioning your hand and wrist can prevent further issues with carpal tunnel syndrome. If you have issues with carpal tunnel syndrome or suspect you may have it, contact Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. We can diagnose and treat your carpal tunnel syndrome. You don’t have to continue living with the numbness or pain. **Categories:** Wrist, Forearm, & Hand --- ### [Compartment Syndrome: What It Is and How to Fix It](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/compartment-syndrome-101/) **Published:** April 21, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** Compartment syndrome refers to the swelling of muscles in groups surrounded by tissue called the fascia. These muscle groups can cause severe complications if they swell too much because the fascia doesn’t stretch, so it contains the swelling and puts pressure on the muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. There are two types of compartment syndrome: acute and chronic. One can be managed, while the other requires an immediate visit to the emergency room. The muscle groups in particular are usually in the arms or legs. ## Acute Compartment Syndrome Major trauma or other medical emergencies can result in acute compartment syndrome, during which the muscles swell rapidly in the fascia. This can happen with bone fractures or even severely bruised muscles called by impact, such as during a car accident. It can also be caused by a cast or splint put on too tight. If that’s the case, removing that cast quickly can alleviate the compartment syndrome and remove the need for surgery. But for traumatic injuries, surgeries likely will be required. Because the muscles can only swell so much before they hit the fascia, they begin to cut off circulation and nerve usage. This can lead to parts of the muscle dying, a condition called necrosis. Once the tissue is dead, it cannot be saved and must be removed. That is why immediate surgery is required for acute compartment syndrome. The patient should visit the emergency room right away. Symptoms of acute compartment syndrome include: - Sudden intense pain in the muscle that worses with movement - Burning in the skin - Muscle tightness - Numbness - ![candids gecha princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gecha-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "candids gecha princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-28-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Moscwa-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Chronic Compartment Syndrome Chronic compartment syndrome is often found in athletes and is an injury caused by overuse of a group of muscles. It most often affects the quads and calves in the legs. The swelling is less severe than acute compartment syndrome. Lessening the activity that causes the swelling can allow the muscles to heal and the swelling to subside. If it doesn’t work, however, the patient may need surgery to recover. Symptoms of chronic compartment syndrome include: - Numbness - Swelling of the muscle that doesn’t go away - Limited range of motion in the leg or foot ## Treatment and Recovery The surgery is called a fasciotomy. The surgeon will make an incision and cut open the fascia, which will allow the muscle to swell without causing additional damage. The muscle will then be given time to heal and return to normal. The wound is closed slowly as the swelling goes down. Recovering time can vary, depending on the size of the wound and the length of time it takes for the swelling to go down. The patient likely will be in a splint or on crutches for 9-12 weeks. Full recovery can take an average of 3-4 months. Physical therapy may be needed to return range of motion and to learn how to exercise properly without allowing the swelling to return. If you suspect compartment syndrome, contact Princeton Orthopaedic Associates as soon as possible. **Categories:** Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric --- ### [Everything You Need to Know About Hammertoes](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/hammertoe-101/) **Published:** May 7, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** Patients experiencing painful, bent toes may have a condition called a hammertoe. It’s a condition often caused by wearing badly-fitting shoes or shoes that don’t allow proper space for the toes. Trauma and lack of proper muscle balance can also be factors. In many cases, conservative treatments can relieve a hammertoe, but in severe cases, surgery may be needed. Here are a few facts about hammertoes and how to treat them. ## What Are Hammertoes? A hammertoe is a foot deformity that is caused by an imbalance in the tendons, ligaments, and muscles that keep your toe straight. Tight footwear, an abnormal foot structure, foot trauma, or certain diseases can cause hammertoe. A hammertoe is when the middle joint of the toe bends into an abnormal and painful position. It’s most common in the three middle toes. Certain factors can increase the risk of developing hammertoe, including toe length, diseases such as arthritis or diabetes, sex (it’s more common in women), and age, because the older you get, the greater the risk of developing hammertoe. One way to prevent hammertoe is to make certain you wear comfortable footwear with plenty of room for your toes. Shoes with pointed toes tend to squeeze the foot, causing deformities. It’s the main reason why women tend to get hammertoes more than men because high-heeled shoes tend to have pointed toes. - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-18-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-33-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-35-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treatment of Hammertoe If the toe is still flexible, it’s possible to treat hammertoe without surgery. Your doctor likely will recommend changing your shoes to more comfortable footwear and wearing orthotics or pads to reposition your toe. This should relieve pain and allow the joint to heal properly. Your doctor may also recommend exercise to return flexibility to the toe. These exercises are meant to stretch the ligaments and tendons in the toe and strengthen the muscles, allowing the toe to return to its proper position. Exercises could include picking up objects with your toes and curling and uncurling them. If conventional methods don’t work, surgery may be needed. The surgeon can do what’s called a tendon transfer, where he moves the tendon from the bottom to the top of the toe to allow more flexibility. Another procedure is a joint resection. The surgeon cuts the tendon and ligament at the top of the toe to allow it to flatten out, and the end of the bone is cut off to make the toe easier to move. The third procedure is a joint fusion. The tendon and ligament are cut to flatten the toe, and the two bones in the toe are screwed together so that they fuse into one bone, keeping the toe flat. Hammertoe surgery is usually done on an outpatient basis, so you can go home the same day. Depending on the type of surgery and the severity of the hammertoe, recovery can take anywhere from six weeks for the transfer to three months with fusion. ## Diagnosing Hammertoe Diagnosing hammertoe will require visiting a doctor or surgeon. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we have a team of experts who know how best to treat your hammertoe. If you suspect you have that issue, we may be able to help. Contact us today for more information. **Categories:** Tibia, Ankle, & Foot --- ### [Foot and Ankle Pain? Plantar Fasciitis May Be the Cause](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-is-plantar-fasciitis/) **Published:** June 11, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Content:** Have you ever stepped out of bed and started to walk, only to feel pain and stiffness in your heel or ankle? If so, you may have a condition called plantar fasciitis, which is an inflammation of the band of tissue that connects your ankle to the arch of your foot. It is a painful condition, but one that can be corrected with a variety of treatments, from a simple change in footwear to surgery for extreme cases. Let’s take a look at what plantar fasciitis is, what causes it, how to prevent it, and how to treat it. ## What Is Plantar Fasciitis? To understand plantar fasciitis, you need to know a little about foot and ankle anatomy. The heel bone, called the calcaneus, is connected to the bones in the upper part of the foot by a thick band of tissue. This tissue is called the plantar fascia. It provides support for the foot and arch. Plantar fasciitis is when the plantar fascia becomes inflamed. This can happen for a variety of reasons, including: - Obesity - High arch - Repetitive motion - Tight calf muscles that reduce or prevent foot flexing motion - New activity - Increased activity Performing new or increased activity without proper foot support from footwear can also contribute to plantar fasciitis. Over time, the plantar fascia becomes stiff. If left untreated, that stiffness can become inflammation, which can be painful with every step. It can even lead to tearing in the tissue. Symptoms include pain on the bottom of the heel, particularly in the morning or after a long period of inactivity, stiffness, and greater pain during exercise or heavy activity. - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-18-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-20-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treating Plantar Fasciitis Mild cases of plantar fasciitis usually can be treated without surgery. Often, minor changes and treatments can treat and prevent plantar fasciitis. Most patients improve in less than a year without surgery. Patients may be asked to simply rest the foot and heel to reduce pain by stopping the activity causing the inflammation, such as running or stepping exercises. Patients will also be instructed to ice the foot and heal for about 20 minutes at a time, 3-4 times a day. Ideally, this can be done by rolling the foot over a frozen bottle of water. The motion helps massage the plantar fascia while spreading the cold over the length of the tissue. Doctors may also recommend a regimen of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or naproxen. Doctors may also recommend special exercises or physical therapy such as calf or feet stretching exercises, which loosens the muscles tightening the plantar fascia. They can also recommend special orthotics to help with the pain, from over-the-counter heel pads to custom-fit orthotics to support the foot properly and reduce or eliminate pain. If these solutions don’t work, your doctor may recommend more intense treatments, including cortisone injections for the pain, night splints to hold the foot in a certain position at night, physical therapy to loosen the muscles tightening the plantar fascia, or even extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT), which uses shockwave impulses to stimulate healing of the tissue. If none of these methods work, surgery may be necessary to relieve pain. ## Surgery for Plantar Fasciitis If there is little to no improvement after a year of treatment, surgery may be necessary to alleviate the pain. There are two options for plantar fasciitis: gastrocnemius recession and plantar fascia release. With gastrocnemius recession, one of the muscles of the calf is lengthened to increase the ankle’s motion. The procedure can be performed as a traditional open surgery or with a small incision and an endoscope. The procedure gives the patient more motion when flexing their feet, which reduces stress on the plantar fascia. Plantar fasciitis release is for those who still have a normal range of motion in the ankle, but the heel pain has not subsided. In this surgery, the plantar fascia is cut partially to relieve the tension. If there is a large bone spur on the heel (a portion of bone jutting out from the surface), that may be removed. While this surgery can be done endoscopically, it’s easier to do with an open incision, particularly if the surgeon must remove a bone spur. Recovery time can take anywhere from 6-12 weeks. **Categories:** Tibia, Ankle, & Foot --- ## Pages ### [Home](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/) **Published:** October 7, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ### [Cookie Policy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/cookie-policy/) **Published:** July 9, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [POA Jobs & Careers](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/poa-jobs-careers/) **Published:** April 29, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [POA Jobs & Careers](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/poa-careers/) **Published:** December 10, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Common Orthopaedic Treatments & Orthopaedic Conditions](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/common-orthopaedic-treatments-common-orthopaedic-conditions/) **Published:** September 23, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Schedule An Appointment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) **Published:** November 17, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ### [Prescribe FIT: Virtual Online Lifestyle Coaching](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/prescribe-fit-virtual-online-lifestyle-coaching/) **Published:** July 12, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Pennsylvania Orthopaedic Office](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/pennsylvania-orthopaedic-office/) **Published:** January 10, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Media & News](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/media-news/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ### [Patient Anesthesia Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/what-to-expect-with-anesthesia/) **Published:** April 15, 2024 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Home](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/fb/) **Published:** October 4, 2023 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Pay Your Bill](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/pay-your-bill/) **Published:** March 16, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** pay bills, bill paying, payment portal, payment gateway, pay online, pay portal, secure payment, payment solutions, payment services, payment service provider, payment processor, accept credit card payments, online payment gateway, paying my bill, --- ### [Videos](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ### [Privacy Policy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/privacy-policy/) **Published:** November 11, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ### [Accessibility Statement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/accessibility-statement/) **Published:** November 11, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ### [Terms Of Use](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/terms-of-use/) **Published:** November 11, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ### [Nondiscrimination](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/nondiscrimination/) **Published:** November 11, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ### [Sitemap](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/sitemap/) **Published:** November 11, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ### [Blog](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/blog/) **Published:** November 16, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ### [Contact Us](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) **Published:** November 17, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ### [Our Philosophy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/about-us/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ### [Our Testimonials](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/testimonials/) **Published:** November 24, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ### [Patient Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient-info/) **Published:** November 29, 2021 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates --- ## Team Members ### [Stuart E. Levine, MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/stuart-e-levine-md/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Dr. Levine graduated magna cum laude from Amherst College in 1985. He received his Medical Degree from the New York University School of Medicine in 1989. Dr. Levine performed his surgical internship and residency in orthopaedic surgery at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, during which time he served as a clinical instructor. He completed this training in 1994. He then served as a Fellow in Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Surgery at the Union Memorial Hospital in Baltimore, finishing in 1995. Before joining Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, Dr. Levine was a member of the faculty of UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson, rising to the position of Associate Professor and Director of the Foot and Ankle Service. He has served as a foot and ankle consultant for the Princeton, Rutgers, and Rider University athletic programs. Dr. Levine is board certified in orthopaedic surgery and is an active member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society. He has authored many scientific and clinical papers and a chapter in a prominent foot and ankle textbook. He has presented his research at many national meetings and has served on the faculty for several continuing medical education courses. ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Levine, Orthopaedic Surgery **Specialties:** Foot & Ankle Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons **Area:** Foot and Ankle --- ### [Dr. Kartik Shenoy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-kartik-shenoy/) **Published:** May 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ![dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 25 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Chad_Shenoy-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-25-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 25 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 29 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Chad_Shenoy-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-29-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 29 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 41 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Chad_Shenoy-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-41-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 41 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 7 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Chad_Shenoy-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-7-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr chad shenoy 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 7 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Dr. Kartik Shenoy is a board-certified orthopaedic spine surgeon who treats all conditions of the spine. Prior to joining Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, Dr. Shenoy served as a Lieutenant Colonel in the United States Air Force. He was the Chief of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedic Medical Director at Nellis Air Force Base in Las Vegas, Nevada and deployed to the Middle East during his service. He performs all spine procedures including disc replacement, minimally invasive surgery, laminectomy, microdiscectomy, and cervical and lumbar fusions. He has a particular interest in cervical and endoscopic spine surgery. Dr. Shenoy completed his orthopaedic spine surgery fellowship at the Rothman Orthopaedic Institute in Philadelphia where he trained under internationally recognized leaders in spine surgery, Drs. Alex Vaccaro and Alan Hilibrand. Prior to this, he completed his orthopaedic surgery residency at NYU Hospital for Joint Disease/Langone Orthopedic Hospital in New York City. He earned his Doctor of Medicine degree from Albert Einstein College of Medicine and holds a Bachelor of Science from Cornell University. An accomplished academic surgeon, Dr. Shenoy has authored numerous peer-reviewed publications, book chapters, and presentations focusing on spinal disorders, surgical techniques, and outcomes research. His work has been published in leading journals such as The Spine Journal, Clinical Spine Surgery, and World Neurosurgery. In addition to his research contributions, he serves as Deputy Editor of Surgical Techniques for the Clinical Spine Surgery journal and is a board member of the Clinical Orthopaedic Society. Born and raised in Long Island, New York, Dr. Shenoy enjoys spending time with his family, skiing, and playing golf. **Tags:** Spine **Specialties:** Orthopaedic Surgeons, Spine Specialists **Area:** General Orthopaedics, Spine --- ### [Jaclyn M. Reed, DPM](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-reed-jaclyn/) **Published:** March 5, 2024 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Dr. Reed completed her 4-year residency training at the esteemed University of Pennsylvania Health System - Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, where she received comprehensive surgical training in foot and ankle reconstruction, arthroscopy, limb salvage, and trauma. Her residency training also included multi-disciplinary training in vascular surgery and plastic surgery, as part of the Penn Advanced Limb Preservation initiative. During her final year of training she served as chief resident. Dr. Reed attended Temple University's School of Podiatric Medicine, in Philadelphia, PA, where she received numerous scholarships and awards, including the Academy of Physicians in Wound Healing Award. She was an active member of the TUSPM Sports Medicine Club and volunteered her podiatric services at the Boston Marathon, Marine Corps Marathon, and Penn Relays among several other events. She is a member of the Pi Delta National Podiatric Honor Society, as well as the Stirling-Harford DiPrimio Honorary Anatomical Society. Dr. Reed is Board Certified in Foot and Rearfoot/Ankle Reconstructive Surgery by the American Board of Foot and Ankle Surgeons. She also holds memberships with the American College of Foot & Ankle Surgeons. Prior to pursuing a career in podiatric medicine and surgery, Dr. Reed received her Bachelor of Science from St. John's University in Queens, NY, where she played Division I softball. During her time as a NCAA Division I athlete, she was named to the CoSIDA Capital One Academic Third Team All-America. She was also a NFCA NCAA Division I All-America Scholar Athlete, and served as team captain during her senior year. As a former athlete, Dr. Reed has a special interest in treating athletes of all skills and ages, and is determined to provide conservative and surgical solutions to return her patients to competition. Dr. Reed performs minimally invasive bunion surgery and has a passion for sports medicine, reconstructive rearfoot and ankle surgery, as well as forefoot surgery. She places an emphasis on helping her patients regain their quality of life and getting back on their feet, while addressing their individual needs and goals. Dr. Reed wants all her patients to leave the office feeling fully informed, and approaches all patients with a down to earth demeanor and compassion. She believes in exhausting conservative therapies when possible, and offers all facets of surgical expertise and utilizes advanced technologies. **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Podiatry **Specialties:** Foot & Ankle Specialists, Podiatrists **Area:** Foot and Ankle, Podiatry --- ### [Dr. Horling, Stephanie](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-horling-stephanie/) **Published:** February 28, 2023 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** > Dr. Horling graduated from Ursinus College with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Biology. She then attended the Temple University of Podiatric Medicine and graduated in 2000 with a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine Degree. > > She completed a 3 year residency at Frankford Hospital (now Jefferson Health) in Philadelphia, PA. The residency program was focused on medicine for 1 year and then 2 years of intensive foot and ankle surgery. > > She is double board certified. She is certified in Foot Surgery by the American Board of Foot and Ankle Surgery and in Podiatric Primary care by the American Board of Multiple Specialties in Podiatry. > > She is a current member of the American Podiatric Medical Society and New Jersey Podiatric Medical Society. She currently serves on the Board of the NJPMS as the secretary for the Capital Division. > > She has over 20 years of practice treating patients including foot surgery, podiatric medicine, sports injuries and wound care. She was formerly a panelist at the RWJ Wound care center in Hamilton for 10 years. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-10-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Feet, Horling, Podiatry **Specialties:** Foot & Ankle Specialists, Podiatrists **Area:** Foot and Ankle, Podiatry --- ### [Dr. Hasan, Jennifer](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/jennifer-hasan-dpm/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Dr. Hasan attended Ursinus College on a 4-year Merit Scholarship and graduated in 1996 with a Bachelor of Science degree in Biology. She then attended the Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine and graduated with a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine degree in 2000. She completed a one-year residency in Primary Podiatric Medicine at Cooper Hospital/University Medical Center in Camden, NJ. She then completed a two-year residency in Podiatric Surgery at the Harris County Podiatric Surgical Residency Program in Houston, TX. Dr. Hasan is double board certified. She is board certified by the American Board of Foot and Ankle Surgery in both foot and rearfoot/ankle surgery and the American Board of Podiatric Medicine. Dr. Hasan joined Princeton Orthopaedic Associates in 2003. She is a member of the attending staff and Credentials Committee of the University Medical Center at Princeton. Dr. Hasan served as Chief of Podiatry in the Department of Surgery at the University Medical Center at Princeton from 2009-2014. Dr. Hasan is a member of the New Jersey Podiatric Medical Society and the American Podiatric Medical Association. She specializes in the medical and surgical treatment of all foot and ankle disorders. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023blue 4](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023Blue-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023blue 4 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 4](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 4 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 2](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 2](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-11-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Hasan, Orthopaedic Surgery, Podiatry **Specialties:** Podiatrists **Area:** Foot and Ankle, Podiatry --- ### [Jennier Levin, DPM](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-levi-jennifer/) **Published:** September 20, 2023 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Dr. Levi attended Rutgers University for her undergraduate education and went on to attend Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine, where she graduated with a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine degree in 2019. She completed a four-year surgical residency program in foot and ankle surgery at Temple University Hospital, a level-1 trauma center, where she was voted chief resident. During her residency training, Dr. Levi served as part of Temple’s Limb Salvage the privilege of rotating through the prestigious Rubin Institute of Advanced Orthopedics in Baltimore, MD where she was exposed to a wide variety of rare foot and ankle pathologies. She has also had the honor of receiving an associate professorship at the Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine, which has allowed her to give back to student and resident education. She believes that giving back to the community is at the core of being a physician, and is excited to continue to do so as part of the Princeton Orthopaedic Associates family. **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Podiatry **Specialties:** Foot & Ankle Specialists, Podiatrists **Area:** Foot and Ankle, Podiatry --- ### [Hope Drewes, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/hope-drewes-pa-c/) **Published:** April 3, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Hope is a Physician Assistant for Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, assisting Dr. Abrams **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [Carlee Lindsay, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/carlee-lindsay-pa-c/) **Published:** April 3, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Carlee is a Physician Assistant for Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, assisting Dr. Haskel **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [Jake Freedman, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/jake-freedman-pa-c/) **Published:** April 3, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Jake is a Physician Assistant for Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, assisting Dr. Nazarian **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [Priya Sangisetty, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/priya-sangisetty-pa-c/) **Published:** April 3, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Priya is a Physician Assistant for Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, assisting Dr. Levine **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [Dr. Ark, Jon W.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/jon-w-ark-md/) **Published:** November 22, 2021 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Dr. Ark is a Board Certified surgeon specializing in Hand Surgery. He holds the Certificate of Added Qualification in Hand Surgery. He is also an active member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Dr. Ark graduated from Duke University with honors, earning a Bachelor of Science in Engineering with majors in Biomedical and Electrical Engineering. He subsequently received his medical degree at UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine. Dr. Ark completed his surgical internship and orthopaedic training at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center in New York City. He subsequently served as a Harvard/Mass General Hospital Hand Fellow. Currently serving as the Chair of the Department of Orthopedic Surgery at Penn Princeton Medical Center, he has served on multiple committees, including Performance Improvement, Operating Room, and COVID-19 Advisory Committee. Dr. Ark was voted by others as a “Top Doctor” initially in 1998 and for many years subsequently. ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-14-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![Dr. Ark helps a patient put on a removable splint for ganglion cyst treatment - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Ark - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 38](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-38-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 38 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ark, Elbow, Hand, Wrist **Specialties:** Elbow Specialists, Hand & Wrist Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons **Area:** Elbow, Hand and Wrist --- ### [Dr. Song, Frederick](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/frederick-s-song-md/) **Published:** November 22, 2021 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Dr. Song graduated *cum laude* from Colgate University with honors in Molecular Biology. During his undergraduate career, he was a four-year starter on the varsity soccer team. As a senior, he served as team captain and was the Patriot League Player of the Year. After graduating from Colgate, he received his Doctorate of Medicine from Jefferson Medical College, where he was elected to the Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society during his fourth year. Dr. Song completed his surgical internship and orthopaedic residency at Albert Einstein Medical Center in Philadelphia, PA. As a resident, he served as an assistant team physician for the LaSalle University basketball and football teams. Following residency, Dr. Song completed a sports medicine fellowship at the Steadman Hawkins Clinic of the Carolinas in Greenville, South Carolina. Under the guidance of Dr. Richard Hawkins, he received specialized training in knee and shoulder arthroscopy, as well as complex knee and shoulder reconstruction. During his fellowship, Dr. Song served as an assistant team physician for the Colorado Rockies Major League Baseball team and the Boston Red Sox affiliate Greenville Drive baseball team. He is currently the team orthopaedic surgeon for the Peddie School and Ewing High School and serves as a consultant for numerous other high schools and colleges in the area. Dr. Song has authored several peer-review journal articles and textbook chapters on a variety of orthopaedic topics. He recently completed a chapter on massive rotator cuff repairs published in the Instructional Course Lecture series by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Other recent publications include a chapter on subscapularis repairs in DeLee and Drez’s Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and a chapter covering shoulder replacement surgery in the textbook, Orthopaedic Care of the Mature Athlete. Additionally, as of 2025, he is the Medical Director of the Shoulder Center of Excellence for the Penn Medicine Princeton Medical Center. Dr. Song currently serves as an associate instructor for the Arthroscopy Association of North America, instructing other surgeons on shoulder arthroscopy techniques. His orthopaedic interests include arthroscopic surgery of the shoulder and knee, as well as knee and shoulder reconstruction. ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 54](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-54-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 54 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-40-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Knee, Shoulder, Song, Sports Medicine **Specialties:** Knee Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons, Shoulder Specialists **Area:** Shoulder, Sports Medicine --- ### [Natasha Crespo, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/natasha-crespo-pa-c/) **Published:** October 14, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** > Natasha graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree from The College of New Jersey before earning a Master of Science in Physician Assistant Studies from Thomas Jefferson University. There, she received recognition for her leadership and academic achievement by being inducted into the Pi Alpha Honor Society. > > Natasha is dedicated to providing compassionate, patient-centered care. With a strong belief in listening first, she takes the time to understand each patient’s unique concerns and goals. Natasha’s approach emphasizes education, collaboration, and respect, ensuring patients feel heard and informed throughout their healthcare journey. **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [Dr. Jonathan D. Haskel](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-jonathan-d-haskel/) **Published:** September 20, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Haskel was born and raised in Morristown, NJ, and specializes in sports medicine, which enables him to take care of patients with a variety of injuries involving the shoulder, elbow, and knee joints, as well as fractures, sprains, and strains. He is certified as an Orthopaedic Surgeon by the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery. Dr. Haskel completed his undergraduate education at Duke University, where he rowed on the Duke Men’s Crew Team. After college, he attended Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and then completed his orthopaedic surgery residency at the NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital in New York City. His peers and faculty elected him to serve as an Executive Chief Resident in his final year of training. Following residency, Dr. Haskel completed an additional year of training in Vail, CO at the world-renowned Steadman Clinic and Steadman-Philippon Research Institute. He has authored over 30 peer-reviewed research papers and book chapters, and his research has been presented at national and international meetings. Additionally, he serves as a journal reviewer for the *American Journal for Sports Medicine* (AJSM) and *Orthopaedic Journal for Sports Medicine* (OJSM). Dr. Haskel has been a physician for Team USA and the US Ski and Snowboard Teams, providing medical coverage for events from Colorado to Switzerland, and continues to serve as an active physician for the US Olympic Ski and Snowboard teams. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-18-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 17](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-17-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 33](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-33-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 33 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-21-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Sports Medicine **Specialties:** Orthopaedic Surgeons, Sports Medicine **Area:** Sports Medicine --- ### [Dr. Martin E. Griffis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-martin-e-griffis/) **Published:** September 20, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Martin E. Griffis holds a Doctor of Medicine degree from Drexel University College of Medicine. He completed an internship at Drexel University/Hahnemann University Hospital and an Orthopaedic Surgery Residency at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. He also obtained a Hand and Upper Extremity Fellowship at NYU Langone Hospital for Joint Diseases and holds degrees in Integrative Physiology from the University of Colorado at Boulder and Biology/Pre-Med from Temple University. Dr. Griffis is a member of the Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society (AOA) and the Gold Humanism Honor Society. He has received the Oscar Corn Award for Excellence in Orthopaedic Surgery. He is certified as an Orthopaedic Surgeon by the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery. Dr. Griffis is a member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American Society for Surgery of the Hand (Candidate Member). He specializes in hand and upper extremity care and is recognized for contributing to innovative surgical techniques and research. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 9](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-9-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 9 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 3](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-3-5-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-11-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 2](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-2-6-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-10-3-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 7](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-7-6-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 7 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Hand, Wrist **Specialties:** Hand & Wrist Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons **Area:** Hand and Wrist --- ### [Dr. Hesham Saleh](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-hesham-saleh/) **Published:** September 20, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Saleh boasts a robust educational background, which has laid the foundation for his exceptional medical career. He earned his Medical Degree from New York University Grossman School of Medicine and a Bachelor of Science in Biomedical Education from City College of New York's Sophie Davis School. He completed his Orthopaedic Surgery Residency at NYU Langone Health and further honed his expertise through a Spine Surgery Fellowship at Thomas Jefferson University. In addition to his impressive education, Dr. Saleh is certified as an Orthopaedic Surgeon by the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery. He holds memberships in esteemed medical organizations, including the National Association of Spine Surgeons and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. These affiliations reflect his commitment to staying at the forefront of advancements in his field. Dr. Saleh is renowned for his specialization in spine surgery. His dedication and expertise have earned him numerous awards and certifications, including Executive Chief Resident during his NYU Langone Orthopaedic Surgery Residency, the Nate Bondi Memorial Award, and the Award for Outstanding Research in Orthopaedic Surgery from New York University Grossman School of Medicine. His contributions to the medical community extend beyond surgery, as evidenced by his extensive list of peer-reviewed publications. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-11-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 9](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-9-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 9 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 7](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-7-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 7 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 8](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-8-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 8 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-10-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 7](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-7-4-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 7 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Spine **Specialties:** Orthopaedic Surgeons, Spine Specialists **Area:** Spine --- ### [Michaela Petito, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/michaela-petito-pa-c/) **Published:** June 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Born and raised in Robbinsville, NJ, Michaela is a dedicated Physician Assistant. A former collegiate softball player at Immaculata University, she developed a deep appreciation for teamwork and performance, both on and off the field. Her early hands-on experience as a physical therapy aide and medical assistant sparked a lasting interest in sports medicine and orthopedics. Michaela earned her bachelor’s degree in Exercise Science from Immaculata University before completing her Master of Science in Physician Assistant Studies at Fairleigh Dickinson University, where she was inducted into the Pi Alpha Honor Society for academic excellence and leadership. With a strong foundation in sports and clinical care, she is committed to helping patients maintain active, healthy lifestyles. **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [John Turner, DO](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/john-turner-do/) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** John Turner, DO, a native of Lawrence, New Jersey, is a Board-Certified Family & Sports Medicine Physician with expertise in ultrasound-guided injections, sports-related concussions and nonoperative care. Dr. Turner sees patients in our Princeton and Hillsborough offices. Dr. Turner graduated from The College of New Jersey with a degree in Biopsychology and played on the Men’s Varsity Soccer Team. He earned his medical degree from the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine before completing his family medicine residency at Christiana Care Health System, where he was elected Chief Resident. Following residency, Dr. Turner then completed a sports medicine fellowship at Crozer/Penn Chester County Hospital. During his additional year of training, he was a team physician for the MLS Philadelphia Union, MLS NextPro Philadelphia Union II, University of Delaware, Widener University and several local high schools. He has also spent time triaging alpine injuries in skiers at both the Alta Medical Clinic and Park City Mountain Medical Clinic in Utah. ![dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 18 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_John_Turner-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-18-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 18 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 30 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_John_Turner-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-30-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 30 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 36 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_John_Turner-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-36-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 36 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 35 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_John_Turner-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-35-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 35 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Specialties:** Non-Operative Sports Medicine/Physiatrists **Area:** Sports Medicine --- ### [Amber S. MacFarlane, DO](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/amber-macfarlane-do/) **Published:** August 8, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Dr. Amber MacFarlane, DO is a Fellowship trained Board-Certified Sports Medicine physician with expertise in non-operative management of acute and chronic orthopedic conditions including the utilization of musculoskeletal ultrasound for diagnosis as well as guided injections and procedures. Dr. MacFarlane completed her undergraduate education at Widener University, graduating summa cum laude with a Bachelor of Science in Biology and minors in Biochemistry and Chemistry. She was also a NCAA Division III pole vaulter on the Women’s Track and Field team. After college, she attended Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine and was elected to the Sigma Sigma Phi Honors Society. Dr. MacFarlane completed her residency in Family Medicine at Crozer Health where she was elected chief resident by her peers. Following residency, she completed a Sports Medicine fellowship at Crozer Health where she specialized in the diagnosis and management of acute and chronic orthopedic conditions, utilization of musculoskeletal ultrasound for diagnosis and intervention, and evaluation of sport-related concussions. As a sports medicine physician, she has experience as a team physician ranging from high school to professional levels including being team physician for the MLS Philadelphia Union and Philadelphia Union II where she managed athletes on and off the field. Dr. MacFarlane has multiple peer-reviewed publications and presentations. She is a member of the American Medical Society of Sports Medicine, the American College of Sports Medicine, and the American Academy of Family Practice. ![dr amber macfarlane 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 32 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Amber_MacFarlane-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-32-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr amber macfarlane 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 32 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![dr amber macfarlane 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 23 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Amber_MacFarlane-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-23-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr amber macfarlane 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 23 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![dr amber macfarlane 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 21 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Amber_MacFarlane-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-21-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr amber macfarlane 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 21 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![dr amber macfarlane 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 16 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Amber_MacFarlane-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-16-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr amber macfarlane 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 16 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Sports Medicine **Specialties:** Non-Operative Sports Medicine/Physiatrists **Area:** Non-Operative, Sports Medicine --- ### [Dr. Mizrachi, Arik](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/arik-mizrachi-md/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Mizrachi was born in Israel and was raised on Long Island from the age of four. He attended Lawrence High School on Long Island and was in the top 10 percent of his class when graduating in 1997. Starting in high school, he had aspirations of becoming a physician. Dr. Mizrachi received his Bachelor of Science Degree in Biology and Summa Cum Laude Honors from the State University of Albany in 2001. In his sophomore year of college, Dr. Mizrachi was accepted early into Albany Medical College and graduated with a medical degree in 2005. He completed his transitional year at Saint Barnabas Medical center and completed his residency training in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at Kessler Institute in 2009. In 2010, he completed an advanced fellowship in Pain Management from the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, which involved training in non-surgical management of all pain disorders through medical management or injections. Dr. Mizrachi has authored several scientific articles and presented them at national pain and physical medicine and rehabilitation conferences. Currently, he is a member of the New Jersey Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Dr. Mizrachi is board certified in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and board-certified in pain medicine and rehabilitation medicine. Dr. Mizrachi is on staff at Princeton Medical Center, where he will perform rehabilitation medicine and orthopaedic consults. Dr. Mizrachi sees patients in offices in the following locations: Ewing, Monroe, and Princeton. Dr. Mizrachi's specialty areas include sports medicine, pain medicine, osteoarthritis, myofascial pain syndromes, and nerve disorders. He performs all joint/muscle/nerve injections throughout the body. He does diagnostic testing of common nerve disorders, such as carpal tunnel syndrome, with electromyography. In addition, he specializes in spinal injections to relieve head/neck/back/arm/leg pain when indicated. ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 60](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-60-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 60 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 48](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-48-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 48 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-36-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Diagnostic, Mizrachi, Physiatric **Specialties:** EMG/NCS Specialists, Epidural/Injection Specialists, Non-Operative Sports Medicine/Physiatrists, Physiatrists **Area:** Diagnostic, Non-Operative, Physiatry --- ### [Dr. Stier, Kyle T.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/kyle-thomas-stier-md/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Stier received his Bachelor of Science in chemistry, graduating Magna Cum Laude from the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia, in 1998. While a student there, he was on the rowing team and served as men’s team captain for three years. After college, Dr. Stier attended UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School from 1998 to 2002. He was elected to the Alpha Omega Alpha Medical Honor Society in 2001 and graduated with a Medical Doctorate in 2002. He also received the Mack Austin Memorial Scholarship and was honored by the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation with their Award of Excellence. Post-graduate medical education includes a Transitional Year in Medicine at Saint Barnabas Medical Center in Livingston, NJ from 2002-2003 and specialty training in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at UMDNJ-NJMS/Kessler from 2003-2006. He joined the staff at Princeton University Medical Center and Princeton Orthopaedic Associates in August 2006. He is Board Certified in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and diagnoses and treats various non-operative orthopaedic and sports-related issues. ![candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Stier-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Stier-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-36-1024x683.jpg "candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Stier-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-39-1024x683.jpg "candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Diagnostic, Non-Surgical, Physiatric, Stier **Specialties:** EMG/NCS Specialists, Non-Operative Sports Medicine/Physiatrists, Physiatrists **Area:** Diagnostic, Non-Operative, Physiatry --- ### [Dr. Culp, Brian](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-m-culp-md/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Culp is a fellowship-trained orthopedic surgeon and focuses his practice on patients of all ages who have advanced degenerative disease. He provides special expertise on knee replacement surgery, including minimally invasive partial and total knees, as well as complex revision surgery. He also performs minimally-invasive hip replacement surgery from anterior and posterior approaches, and complex revisions. Dr. Culp additionally offers outpatient joint replacement surgery to the appropriate candidates, performing the procedures at both the UMCP Monroe Surgical Center and the UMCP Surgical Center on the hospital campus in Plainsboro. Dr. Culp is excited to return to New Jersey where he completed his general surgical internship and his orthopedic surgery residency at UMDNJ Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital. In addition to his practice at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, Dr. Culp also serves as a member of the Orthopedic Trauma Team at the Regional Medical Center, Capital Health System. ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-28-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Culp, Joint Replacement **Specialties:** Joint Replacement Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons **Area:** Hip, Joint Replacement --- ### [Dr. Mark L. Dunleavy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-mark-l-dunleavy/) **Published:** September 11, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Dunleavy graduated from the Pennsylvania State University with his Bachelors of Science degree in Pre-Medicine. He then completed his graduate studies at the Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine obtaining his Doctorate in Medicine. He completed his orthopaedic surgery residency at Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center and his adult reconstruction fellowship at Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush University. ![new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates dunleavy 14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/New-Jersey-Orthopedics-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Dunleavy-14-1024x683.jpg "new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates dunleavy 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates dunleavy 52](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/New-Jersey-Orthopedics-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Dunleavy-52-1024x683.jpg "new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates dunleavy 52 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates dunleavy 34](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/New-Jersey-Orthopedics-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Dunleavy-34-1024x683.jpg "new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates dunleavy 34 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Joint Replacement **Specialties:** Joint Replacement Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons **Area:** Hip, Joint Replacement --- ### [Cory Weeks, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/pa-c-weeks-corey/) **Published:** November 16, 2022 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Cory graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree from The College of New Jersey and furthered his education by earning a Master of Science in Physician Assistant Studies from Seton Hall University. Cory is committed to delivering exceptional medical care and ensuring optimal outcomes for all his patients, while maintaining the highest medical standards within the field of orthopedics. He is also dedicated to providing exemplary patient-centered care. In his free time, Cory is passionate about the outdoors, contributing to conservation initiatives, and golfing. Cory also enjoys cooking, traveling and spending time with his family. **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [Alexandra Gaudio, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/pa-c-gaudio-alexandra/) **Published:** September 8, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [Dr. Nazarian, Rony](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/rony-nazarian-md/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Rony Nazarian received his bachelor's of science from Dickinson College Cum Laude with honors in Biology. During his time at Dickinson College, he was the recipient of the distinguished Spencer Fullerton Baird prize for research in biology. After graduating, Dr. Nazarian completed a year of extensive molecular genetics research at the University of Pennsylvania, where he published in nationally recognized peer-reviewed journals. Dr. Nazarian went on to earn his Medical Degree at Albany Medical College in upstate NY. He completed a surgical internship at the University of Pennsylvania Hospital and then continued his Orthopaedic residency at Albany Medical Center Hospital. He received extensive training in all aspects of Orthopaedic surgery during his time in Albany, NY. After completing residency, he finished a Spine Fellowship at the renowned New England Baptist Hospital in Boston, MA. In this combined Orthopaedic and Neurosurgery fellowship Dr. Nazarian received specialized training in degenerative, congenital, and deformity surgery. There he learned both non-operative treatments of spine disorders and traditional and minimally invasive approaches to surgery. Dr. Nazarian has extensive training in minimally invasive spine surgery for decompression and fusions. These newer tubular approaches allow less blood loss, smaller incisions, shorter hospital stays, and less pain from surgery. **Tags:** Nazarian, Spine **Specialties:** Orthopaedic Surgeons, Spine Specialists **Area:** Spine --- ### [Dr. Bezwada, Hari P.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/hari-p-bezwada-md/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Bezwada specializes in hip and knee replacements, arthroscopic surgery of the hip and knee, as well as fracture care of the lower extremity. Dr. Bezwada specializes in the treatment of patients with hip and knee disorders as well as general orthopaedic ailments. He has advanced training in both the arthroscopic and open treatments of hip and knee problems. He has special expertise in the latest approaches to hip and knee surgery including the anterior approach to hip replacement. Dr. Bezwada lectures extensively both locally and nationally and is widely published in various journals including: The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, and the Journal of Arthroplasty. He has authored several textbooks and is extensively involved in both clinical and basic science research. ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-20-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Bezwada, Joint Replacement **Specialties:** Joint Replacement Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons **Area:** Hip, Joint Replacement --- ### [Dr. Vannozzi, Brian](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-vannozzi-md/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Brian Vannozzi received his Bachelor of Science in Biomedical Engineering from The Johns Hopkins University in 1999. In 2003 he was awarded his Doctorate of Medicine from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. He completed his surgical internship and orthopaedic residency at the University of Pennsylvania Health System in Philadelphia, PA. While there Dr. Vannozzi worked at the Hospital of University of Pennsylvania, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), the VA Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Hospital and with University of Pennsylvania athletic teams, providing him an extensive background in all aspects of orthopaedic surgery. After residency, Dr. Vannozzi entered an adult reconstruction fellowship with the Anderson Orthopaedic Clinic in Alexandria, VA. During his fellowship he had the opportunity to work with Drs. Gerry and Charles Engh and received specialized training in total hip and knee replacement, including complex revision surgery, hip resurfacing, partial and gender knee replacements, and minimally invasive techniques of the hip and knee. Dr. Vannozzi was raised in Hamilton, NJ and attended Notre Dame High School in Lawrenceville, NJ. He joined the staff at Princeton Orhopaedic Associates in August 2009. He is an attending physician at the University Medical Center of Princeton and his current sub-specialty interests include knee arthroscopy, hip fracture surgery, and all aspects of hip and knee replacement. --- [![vannozzi featured article penn 01 2](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/VANNOZZI-featured-article-penn-01-2.jpg)](https://www.princetonhcs.org/patients-visitors/support-and-educational-resources/princeton-health-magazine/january-february-2022/new-hip-replacement-procedure-offers-faster-recovery) **Tags:** Joint Replacement, Vannozzi **Specialties:** Joint Replacement Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons **Area:** Hip, Joint Replacement --- ### [Dr. Abrams, Jeffrey S.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/jeffrey-s-abrams-md/) **Published:** November 2, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Jeffrey Abrams graduated with honors from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and received his M.D. degree from SUNY, Upstate Medical Center in Syracuse, New York. He served his surgical internship at Santa Barbara Hospital and his orthopaedic residency at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Dr. Abrams has served on the Alfred I. DuPont Institute staff in Wilmington, Delaware, researching childhood cervical, hip, and knee disorders. He has completed a Shoulder Fellowship at the University of Western Ontario, a Sports Medicine Fellowship in Aspen, Colorado, and the Hughston Sports Medicine Clinic in Columbus, Georgia. He is currently a Clinical Professor at Seton Hall University, School of Graduate Medicine, and is an Attending Surgeon for the University Medical Center at Princeton. Since moving to Princeton, Dr. Abrams continues to be involved in shoulder injuries and sports medicine education. He lectures internationally and has been invited to lecture and perform surgery in Canada, South America, Asia, and Europe. He has been appointed to the Continued Medical Education Committee for the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and has served as President for the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons in 2012-2013. Dr. Abrams received the Outstanding Medical Educator Award in New Jersey for his physician and resident education role. Jeff is among the first surgeons to perform rotator cuff repairs and stabilization surgery using arthroscopy. As an inventor, he has assisted five surgical companies on equipment designs to perform minimally-invasive surgery. He is a Board member of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and will serve as President in 2015-2016. He is currently on the editorial staff of five orthopaedic periodicals, has written over 60 chapters in orthopaedic textbooks, and is the editor for Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Practical Approach to Management *Management of the Unstable Shoulder: Arthroscopic and Open Techniques.* Dr. Abrams continues to serve as an orthopaedic consultant to Princeton University, the College of New Jersey, Mercer County Community College, and local public and private schools. In addition, he serves as a consultant to the National Hockey League, National Football League, Major League Baseball, International Skating Federation, United States Tennis Association, and the United States Ski Team. ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-16-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-36-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Abrams, Shoulder **Specialties:** Orthopaedic Surgeons, Shoulder Specialists **Area:** Shoulder, Sports Medicine --- ### [Dr. Pressman, Mark J.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/mark-j-pressman-md/) **Published:** November 22, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Mark Pressman is an established, general Orthopaedic Surgeon who brings with him 17 years of experience and expertise to the practice. Previously affiliated with Lawrence Orthopaedics, he is a graduate of Muhlenberg College and received his Medical Degree from Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia. He completed his training in Orthopaedics at UMDNJ-University Hospital, Newark, NJ, where he served as Administrative Chief Resident. Dr. Pressman has served as President of the Medical Staff at Capital Health, Chairman of Surgery, also at Capital Health, and Section Chief for the specialty. He offers special proficiency in trauma-related injuries to the pelvis and upper and lower extremities, joint replacement, and arthroscopy, including Hip, shoulder knee, and ankle. Dr. Pressman is on staff at Capital Health, including the Hopewell campus, Robert Wood Johnson Medical Center-Hamilton, and St. Francis Medical Center. ![candids pressman princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pressman-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids pressman princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids pressman princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pressman-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids pressman princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids pressman princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pressman-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-35-1024x683.jpg "candids pressman princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** General Orthopaedics, Pressman **Specialties:** Joint Replacement Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons, Orthopedic Trauma Specialists **Area:** General Orthopaedics, Hip, Joint Replacement, Trauma Care --- ### [Dr. Grenis, Michael](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/michael-grenis-md/) **Published:** November 29, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Michael Grenis is a board-certified orthopedic surgeon with a subspecialty interest in hand surgery and the treatment of orthopedic trauma. Born and raised in Newburgh, N.Y., Dr. Grenis received his undergraduate education at Cornell University, majoring in biochemistry. He earned an M.D. degree at New York Medical College, where he was elected to Alpha Omega Alpha, the national medical honor society. After medical school, Dr. Grenis did an internship in surgery, a residency in orthopedic surgery, and a fellowship in hand surgery, all at New York University Medical Center and Bellevue Hospital in New York City. His particular interest and advanced training in hand surgery encompasses the evaluation and treatment of conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome, tendonitis, fractures, and ligament injuries of the hand and wrist. Dr. Grenis has been practicing orthopedic and hand surgery in Princeton since 1990. He has hospital privileges at the University Medical Center of Princeton at Plainsboro and Capital Health System. Dr. Grenis has been named a “Top Doctor” by the Castle-Connolly Guide to Top Doctors in the New York Metro Area. Dr. Grenis has published papers in national orthopedic review journals and has presented a scientific paper at a national meeting of the American Association for Hand Surgery. He is a member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, the New Jersey Medical Society, and the Orthopaedic Trauma Association. ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 31](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-31-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 31 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-24-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Elbow, Grenis, Hand, Orthopaedic Surgery **Specialties:** Elbow Specialists, Hand & Wrist Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons **Area:** Elbow, Hand and Wrist --- ### [Dr. Rossy, William H.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/william-h-rossy-md/) **Published:** November 22, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Rossy specializes in the management of all sports-related injuries sustained to athletes from all levels, ranging from high school through the professional ranks. He worked as an assistant team physician for the New England Patriots, the Boston Red Sox, and the Boston Bruins during his fellowship program. He has vast experience in treating ailments of the shoulder, as well as complex multi-ligamentous injuries to the knee. He also has a particular interest and specialized training in hip arthroscopy and cartilage restoration procedures. Dr. Rossy offers the most advanced surgical techniques and aims to return his patients to their desired sports or activities predictably and reliably. Dr. Rossy is a New Jersey native and comes from a family deeply rooted in healthcare. His father is a Family Practice Physician in Metuchen, New Jersey, and his sister is a Dermatologist here in Princeton. In addition to his practice at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, Dr. Rossy also serves as a member of the Orthopedic Trauma Team at the Regional Medical Center, Capital Health System. ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-27-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-35-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Cartilage, Hip, Knee, Rossy, Shoulder, Sports Medicine **Specialties:** Cartilage Specialists, Hip Specialists, Knee Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons, Shoulder Specialists **Area:** Hip, Knee, Shoulder, Sports Medicine --- ### [Dr. Boniello, Anthony J.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/anthony-j-boniello-md/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Anthony Boniello is a fellowship-trained and Board Certified orthopaedic surgeon specializing in the treatment of hip and knee arthritis. He provides expertise on knee and hip replacement surgery with interest in minimally invasive techniques, robotic surgery, and outpatient joint replacement surgery. Dr. Boniello completed his undergraduate degree in Physics and Engineering at Washington & Lee University. He graduated from Jefferson Medical College in 2015 in Philadelphia. He subsequently began his orthopaedic surgery residency at Hahnemann/Drexel before returning to the Jefferson family for his chief year of residency. Dr. Boniello completed a fellowship in Adult Reconstruction at Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush. He is particularly interested in applying his background in mechanical engineering to the study of material sciences and the design of arthroplasty components. ![candids boriello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Boriello-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids boriello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Boriello-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids boriello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Boriello-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-18-1024x683.jpg "candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Boniello, Joint Replacement **Specialties:** Joint Replacement Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons **Area:** Hip, Joint Replacement --- ### [Dr. Brendan K. Skeehan](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-brendan-k-skeehan/) **Published:** September 20, 2023 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Dr. Skeehan attended Drew University, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in Biology. He then attended Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, where he earned his DO and went on to do his Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Residency at New York University. Dr. Skeehan completed his NASS-certified Interventional Spine and Musculoskeletal Medicine Fellowship at the University of Rochester. Dr. Skeehan is board certified in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and is fellowship trained in Interventional Spine and Musculoskeletal Medicine. Additionally, Dr. Skeehan has multiple peer-reviewed publications and presentations. Dr. Skeehan is a member of the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. He specializes in Interventional Spine and Musculoskeletal Medicine with the goals of minimizing pain and optimizing function for his patients. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-14-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-12-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-26-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 3](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-3-3-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 25](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-25-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 25 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 6](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-6-1-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 6 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Non-Operative, Non-Surgical, Physiatry **Specialties:** Non-Operative Sports Medicine/Physiatrists, Physiatrists **Area:** Non-Operative, Physiatry --- ### [Dr. Angela A. Sedhom](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-angela-a-sedhom/) **Published:** September 20, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dr. Sedhom attended New York University, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology. She then attended NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine, where she earned her DO and went on to do her Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Residency at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. While at Mount Sinai, she was the Chief Resident for the Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performances. Dr. Sedhom completed her Interventional Pain Management Fellowship at Northwell/Hofstra School of Medicine. Dr. Sedhom is board certified in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and is fellowship trained in Interventional Pain Medicine. Additionally, Dr. Sedhom has multiple peer-reviewed publications and presentations. Dr. Sedhom is a member of the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The New York Society of Interventional Pain Physicians, and the North American Neuromodulation Society. She specializes in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Interventional Pain Medicine. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 5](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-5-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 5 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 8](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-8-1-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 3](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-3-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 7](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-7-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 7 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Non-Operative, Non-Surgical, Physiatric, Physiatry **Specialties:** Non-Operative Sports Medicine/Physiatrists, Physiatrists **Area:** Non-Operative, Physiatry --- ### [Catherine O’Shea, RN, MSN APN-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/cathleen-oshea-acnp/) **Published:** September 20, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Cathy is an office-based Adult Acute Care Nurse Practitioner. She has been a longstanding and devoted employee with Princeton Orthopedic Associates. She originally started at POA in December 2006, collaborating with Dr. Fleming as a Nurse Practitioner in the office as well as a certified nurse first assistant in the operating rooms. She has worked alongside many of the POA surgeons in the office and in the operating rooms, as well as urgent care evening hours when they were first instituted in 2016. Upon Dr. Fleming’s retirement in 2017, Cathy eagerly accepted the position as “Hands-on Operating Room Nurse Manager” for POA’s Ambulatory Surgical Center, encompassing orthopedic procedures ranging from total joint surgery, sport medicine shoulder and knee surgery, hand and foot surgery, pain management and GI endoscopy. She was actively engaged in all facets of perioperative nursing from admission to discharge, while still maintaining per diem status working in urgent care. Missing clinical patient care, she returned in June 2023 to office-based – urgent care adult acute care nurse practitioner treating patients over the age of 12 years old. Cathy attended the University of Delaware for her undergraduate studies. She obtained a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) Magna Cum Laude. Cathy completed a Master of Science in Nursing(MSN) degree with a certification program as an Adult Acute Care Nurse Practitioner at The University of Pennsylvania, graduating Summa Cum Laude in September 2005 and successfully passing her certification board through the American Nurses Credentialing Center in November 2005. Cathy is an active member of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners AANP), The National Association of Orthopedic Nurses (NAON) with a certification as an Orthopedic Nurse Practitioner(ONP-C) and is an active member in the Association of Operating Room Nurses (AORN) and is certified as an OR room nurse (CNOR) and Registered Nurse First Assistant (CRNFA). She maintains continuous certification and training in Advanced Cardiac life support ( ACLS), Basic Cardiac Life Support (BCLS), and Pediatric Cardiac Life Support (PALS). Currently, in her role as a board certified Adult Acute Care Nurse Practitioner, Cathy’s responsibilities include the evaluation and treatment of soft tissue, bone and joint disorders. In addition to evaluating patients in the office, she orders and interprets appropriate laboratory testing and diagnostic imaging, and performs office procedures including injections, aspirations, splinting and casting. She looks forward to connecting with her patients and adheres to Princeton Orthopaedics' philosophy of providing the best extraordinary care, directed by outcome-focused treatment and compassionate care. **Tags:** ACNP, Urgent Care **Specialties:** Acute Care Nurse Practitioner, Physician Assistants **Area:** Diagnostic, Urgent Care --- ### [Sierra Tango, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/sierra-tango-pa-c/) **Published:** September 20, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [Sarah Kenderdine, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/sarah-kenderdine-pa-c/) **Published:** September 20, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [PA-C Thakkar, Dishank MSPA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dishank-thakkar-mspa-pac/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Works with Dr. Vannozzi - Undergrad: University of Illinois - Post-Grad/PA Training: Upstate Medical University at Syracuse – Physician Assistant Certified **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [PA-C Ryan, Lucas](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/luke-ryan-pac/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Lucas Ryan, an experienced Physician Assistant (PA), has dedicated 23 years of his career exclusively to orthopedic care. He commenced his academic journey with undergraduate studies at La Salle University, and subsequently pursued graduate studies at Arcadia University. Lucas has proudly worked at POA for twenty years, where he has become an invaluable member of the team. His unwavering passion has always revolved around assisting individuals in their journey to recovery, allowing them to return to the activities they hold dear, whether it's taking strolls in the neighborhood, resuming soccer practice, or conquering the challenges of rock climbing. His commitment to orthopedics is deeply rooted in his desire to positively impact people's lives. Lucas takes great pride in his role within the community and is dedicated to providing the best possible care to those in need. Beyond his professional life, he finds immense joy in outdoor activities, such as camping, kayaking, and hiking, which he enjoys sharing with his family. **Tags:** PA-C, Urgent Care **Specialties:** Physician Assistants, Urgent Care Specialists **Area:** Urgent Care --- ### [PA-C Lodge, Daniel](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/daniel-lodge-pac/) **Published:** December 7, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Dan Lodge's journey into the medical field is deeply rooted in his upbringing in Delran, NJ, where he excelled both academically and athletically, participating in high school soccer and wrestling. His early exposure to sports and working with his mother, a skilled physical therapist, sparked his keen interest in orthopedics and musculoskeletal health. Dan chose Rowan University for his undergraduate studies, where he pursued a degree in biology. During this time, he further cultivated his passion for healthcare by dedicating his time to volunteer work at the prestigious Fox Chase Cancer Center and gaining invaluable experience by shadowing local physicians. These experiences reinforced his commitment to a medical career and inspired him to continue his education. Dan's pursuit of excellence led him to Thomas Jefferson University's Physician Assistant program, where he graduated at the top of his class. His exceptional performance earned him admission to the Pi Alpha Honor Society, a testament to his unwavering dedication to medical education and patient care. **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [Maholly Ramos, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/maholly-ramos-pa-c/) **Published:** September 27, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Tags:** PA-C, Urgent Care **Specialties:** Physician Assistants **Area:** Urgent Care --- ### [PA-C Irvin, Alexis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/alexis-irvin-pac/) **Published:** December 7, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Works for: Dr. Pressman - Undergrad: Penn State University - Post-grad/PA Training: California State University Monterey Bay – Physician Assistant Certified **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [PA-C Field, Ryan](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/ryan-field-pac/) **Published:** December 7, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Ryan earned his Bachelor's degree in Kinesiology/Exercise Science from Pennsylvania State University before pursuing further education at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, where he obtained a Master's degree in Physician Assistant Studies. Ryan's dedication to his field is evidenced by his five-plus years of invaluable service with POA, where he has gained expertise across multiple specialties. In addition to his contributions within the organization, Ryan also plays a crucial role as an independent practitioner at our urgent care facilities. As a Physician Assistant working alongside Dr. Rossy, Ryan Field continues to provide exceptional patient care and uphold the highest standards of medical practice. **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [PA-C Albrecht, Morgan](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/morgan-albrecht-pac/) **Published:** December 7, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [Jordan Sullivan, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/jordan-sullivan-pa-c/) **Published:** January 11, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Tags:** PA-C, Urgent Care **Specialties:** Physician Assistants **Area:** Urgent Care --- ### [Filip Skwara, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/filip-skwara-pa-c/) **Published:** September 20, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [Caroline Ambrogi, PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/caroline-ambrogi-pa-c/) **Published:** October 5, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [Dr. Prodromo, John P.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/john-p-prodromo-md/) **Published:** November 22, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** John Prodromo, MD, grew up in South Brunswick, New Jersey. The son of a physician and a nurse, his interest in medicine started at a young age. John graduated from Rutgers University Summa Cum Laude with a degree in Cellular Biology and Neuroscience. He attended the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine before completing his residency at Drexel University/ Hahnemann University Hospital, where he was the Chief Resident. Driven by a love of athletics and helping athletes at all levels, John then completed a sports medicine fellowship at the University of Southern California, where he was a USC athletics team physician for football and women’s soccer. John is an avid researcher and writer. His research projects have focused on managing cartilage injury, the shoulder and throwing athletes, injury prevention, complex arthroscopy, orthopaedic education, infection prevention, both operative and nonoperative treatment of shoulder conditions and injuries in collegiate athletes. John has contributed to multiple textbooks with chapters ranging from pediatric elbow to ACL reconstruction. His considerable research has been featured in the Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, Journal of Hand Surgery, Orthopedics, Journal of Exercise, Sports, Orthopedics, and the Physician and Sports Medicine. ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-24-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-37-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Cartilage, Knee, Prodromo, Shoulder, Sports Medicine **Specialties:** Cartilage Specialists, Knee Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons, Shoulder Specialists **Area:** Knee, Shoulder, Sports Medicine --- ### [PA-C Burdge, Nora](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/pa-c-burdge-nora/) **Published:** November 16, 2022 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Undergraduate Degree: The College of New Jersey - Post-Grad/PA training: Arcadia University – Physician Assistant Certified (PA-C) **Tags:** PA-C **Specialties:** Physician Assistants --- ### [Dr. Bronsnick, Daniel](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/daniel-bronsnick-md/) **Published:** November 22, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Daniel Bronsnick, MD is an orthopedic surgeon and fellowship-trained sub-specialist in shoulder and elbow surgery. He believes in patient-centered care and uses the most advanced technology and surgical tools, with the ultimate goal of improving patients’ quality of life. Dr. Bronsnick’s expertise lies in the treatment and diagnosis of upper extremity injuries, and all aspects of shoulder and elbow surgery, including trauma, joint reconstruction, and arthroscopy. Dr. Bronsnick also provides general orthopedic fracture care and management. ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-07-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-33-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-36-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Bronsnick, Elbow, Orthopaedic Surgery, Shoulder **Specialties:** Elbow Specialists, Orthopaedic Surgeons, Shoulder Specialists **Area:** Elbow, Shoulder --- ## Locations ### [Plainsboro](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/locations/plainsboro-office/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ![exteriors plainsboro penn med princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Plainsboro-Penn-Med-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "exteriors plainsboro penn med princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![exteriors plainsboro penn med princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Plainsboro-Penn-Med-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "exteriors plainsboro penn med princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![exteriors plainsboro penn med princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Plainsboro-Penn-Med-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "exteriors plainsboro penn med princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ### [Monroe](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/locations/princeton-orthopaedic-monroe-nj/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ![exteriors monroe office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Monroe-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "exteriors monroe office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![exteriors monroe office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Monroe-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "exteriors monroe office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![exteriors monroe office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Monroe-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "exteriors monroe office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Urgent Care --- ### [Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - State Road](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/locations/princeton-orthopaedic-state-road/) **Published:** November 12, 2021 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ![exteriors princeton state road office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Princeton-State-Road-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "exteriors princeton state road office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![exteriors princeton state road office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Princeton-State-Road-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "exteriors princeton state road office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![exteriors princeton state road office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Princeton-State-Road-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "exteriors princeton state road office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ### [Ewing](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/locations/ewing-office/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ![ewing princeton orthopaedic associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Ewing-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-1024x683.png "ewing princeton orthopaedic associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ### [Hillsborough](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/locations/hillsborough-office/) **Published:** February 13, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** --- ### [Robbinsville](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/locations/robbinsville-office/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ![exteriors robbinsville office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Robbinsville-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "exteriors robbinsville office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![exteriors robbinsville office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Robbinsville-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-07-1024x683.jpg "exteriors robbinsville office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![exteriors robbinsville office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Robbinsville-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "exteriors robbinsville office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Urgent Care --- ### [Princeton](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/locations/main-office/) **Published:** November 12, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ![exteriors princeton princeton ave office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Princeton-Princeton-Ave-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "exteriors princeton princeton ave office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![exteriors princeton princeton ave office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Princeton-Princeton-Ave-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "exteriors princeton princeton ave office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![exteriors princeton princeton ave office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Princeton-Princeton-Ave-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "exteriors princeton princeton ave office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Urgent Care --- ## Cartilage ### [FAQ About Cartilage](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/cartilage/faq-about-cartilage/) **Published:** November 18, 2021 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ## WHAT IS CARTILAGE PRESERVATION? A newer way of approaching cartilage defects or injuries aims to repair a patient’s cartilage when possible. If not possible, the goal is to preserve the joint’s normal physiology by replacing the injured cartilage area with normal or near-normal articular cartilage. ## WHAT IS THE GOAL OF CARTILAGE PRESERVATION PROCEDURES? To repair damaged cartilage areas of an affected joint to restore normal biomechanics and potentially decrease the risk of developing arthritis in the future. ## WHO IS A CANDIDATE FOR CARTILAGE PRESERVATION PROCEDURES? Young, active individuals with symptomatic cartilage injuries have been limited by their injuries and desire to return to their prior activity levels/sport. ![xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Xray-Casting-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-37-1024x683.jpg "xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Ark - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMONLY AFFECTED JOINTS? Affected joints can involve any joint; however, the most commonly affected and treated joints are the knee, ankle, and hip. ## WHAT COMMON PROCEDURES PERFORMED? - Osteochondral allograft transplantation of the knee and ankle - Osteochondral Autograft transplantation (OATs) of the knee and ankle - Matrix-induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (MACI) - Marrow Stimulating procedures (Microfracture) - Cell-based treatment for cartilage injuries (DeNovo, Carticel, BioCartilage, etc) - Meniscal repair - Meniscal transplant - Osteotomies of the tibia and distal femur - Patella stabilizing procedures (Tibial tubercle osteotomy, Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction) --- ### [Cartilage Restoration & Regeneration](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/cartilage/cartilage-injuries/) **Published:** November 29, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## Cell-Based Treatment In general, cartilage regeneration procedures utilize cartilage cells, either from a patient’s body or a donor, to regrow new cartilage. There are numerous ways to accomplish this, with increasing evidence to support its use when the cartilage is injured, but the underlying bone is not involved. These treatments can be considered “cell-based treatment.” They may be combined with marrow stimulating procedures to promote the recruitment of stem cells to the injured area and promote cartilage regrowth. The ultimate goal of these procedures is to regrow “Hyaline like cartilage,” which is typically found on joint surfaces, as this cartilage has the most optimal properties for joint biomechanics. These procedures are usually associated with a prolonged and strict post-operative recovery to give cells the necessary time to grow. [BioCartilage used for cartilage repair](https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=18&v=oSFb44UMZCY) --- ### [High Tibial Osteotomy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/cartilage/high-tibial-osteotomy/) **Published:** November 29, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** A high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is considered an “unloading” procedure that can be used to correct a patient’s anatomy. In these instances, a patient’s abnormal alignment may have predisposed them to this cartilage injury. By combing an osteotomy with a cartilage repair or preservation surgery, you can ensure more reliable healing of the cartilage and optimize a patient’s outcome. --- ### [Marrow Stimulating Procedures (Microfracture)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/cartilage/microfracture/) **Published:** November 29, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** This procedure stimulates the underlying bone marrow of the affected area so that stem cells migrate to the area and can promote cartilage regrowth. The migration of bone marrow and stem cells promotes the growth of fibrocartilage to the affected area. Fibrocartilage then fills the defect and helps improve the overall biomechanics and stresses in the knee. This has been shown to have good results in short-term follow-up studies. ![microfx](https://princetoncartilage.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/microfx.jpg) --- ### [Matrix Induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (Maci) – Cartilage Regrowth](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/cartilage/maci/) **Published:** November 29, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** The goal of this procedure is to use a patient’s own cartilage cells to regrow new cartilage cells. It is a two-stage procedure, where the first stage is done arthroscopically to measure the dimensions of the cartilage injury. At this time, the surgeon also harvests the patient’s cartilage cells from an area of the knee where they are not needed, and then sends them to a lab to be grown and expanded in culture. Once they grow to a certain concentration, the cartilage cells are placed onto a membrane. The second stage of the procedure involves replanting the membrane with the patient’s own cells back in the knee in the area of the damaged cartilage so that new cells can grow in place of the damaged ones, using the patient’s own cartilage cells as a scaffold [Click here to find out more.](https://www.maci.com/patients/) --- ### [Meniscal Repair](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/cartilage/meniscal-repair/) **Published:** November 29, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Meniscal repair is optimal in the young, active patient. It repairs injured meniscus tissue with good blood flow to allow preservation of a patient's tissue. By doing this, a knee's normal biomechanics can be restored, thereby preserving a patient's joint and minimizing one's risk of progressive arthritis. Patients who undergo meniscal repair are often asked to abide by a restricted range of motion and weight-bearing postoperatively to ensure proper healing of the meniscus. ## HOW DO I KNOW IF I’VE TORN MY MENISCUS? Meniscal tears are typically associated with pain in the knee. They can also lead to catching, popping, and locking symptoms, usually described as "mechanical symptoms." ## WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU LEAVE A TORN MENISCUS UNTREATED? Leaving a torn meniscus untreated can lead to persistent pain, joint dysfunction, and cartilage damage. A symptomatic, torn meniscus has also been shown to put a patient's knee at risk of progressive arthritis. ## HOW CAN I PREVENT MENISCUS TEARS? You can prevent meniscus tears by keeping the muscles above and below the knee strong so the knee functions better and there is less stress on the meniscus. Even by doing this, these injuries sometimes cannot be avoided if they result from a traumatic sports injury. ## WHAT IS THE DOWNTIME FOR MENISCAL REPAIRS? Meniscal repairs are associated with a prolonged recovery due to the limited blood flow the tissue has. Because of this, the time to full recovery from a meniscal repair surgery is approximately 4-6 months. ## HOW DOES TORN MENISCUS SURGERY WORK? At the time of surgery, we will assess the meniscus arthroscopically to determine if it is repairable. Some tears are not repairable because the blood flow to the region is too poor. Once it is found to be curable, sutures are placed across the tear site with a special instrument, repairing the meniscus back to the knee capsule. We can do this with an open incision or arthroscopically. The size of the tear often determines whether or not we will repair arthroscopically or through an open incision. --- ### [Meniscal Transplant](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/cartilage/meniscal-transplant/) **Published:** November 29, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** This is used to prevent progression of arthritis in the young active patient with a history of failed prior meniscus surgery or a large irreparable meniscus tear. In this procedure, a cadaver meniscus can be transplanted into the patient’s knee and sewed into position so that it can heal and function as a normal meniscus, thereby restoring near-normal joint mechanics. ![meniscal transplant pic](https://princetoncartilage.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/meniscal-transplant-pic.jpg) ![meniscal transplant pic2](https://princetoncartilage.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/meniscal-transplant-pic2.jpg) --- ### [Osteochondral Allograft Transplant](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/cartilage/knee-and-ankle/) **Published:** November 29, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** One of the reasons that cartilage injuries can be challenging to treat is that they can sometimes involve the underlying bone. Suppose the underlying bone is involved in the wound. In that case, any treatment to address the injury and preserve the cartilage within the joint should also address the underlying bone injury to optimize healing and restoration of function. Depending on the size of the area of cartilage injured, there are two popular treatment options available to patients. ## OSTEOCHONDRAL ALLOGRAFT TRANSPLANTATION This procedure addresses large cartilage defects or injuries that involve the cartilage and the underlying bone. It uses cadaver bone and cartilage and transplants them into the patient’s knee to replace the injured area. This is meant for cartilage defects that cannot be repaired using a patient’s tissue ![oca illustration](https://princetoncartilage.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/oca-illustration.jpg) ## OSTEOCHONDRAL AUTOGRAFT TRANSPLANTATION (OATS) This is very similar to using osteochondral allograft from a cadaver. However, it involves using a patient’s cartilage or bone to repair the affected area. In this procedure, a bone and cartilage plug is taken from an area of the knee where it is not needed, transferred to the damaged, symptomatic area. Healing of this procedure is typically faster than with allograft because it utilizes a person’s own tissue --- ### [Patella Stabilizing Procedures](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/cartilage/patella-stabilizing/) **Published:** November 29, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## (TIBIAL TUBERCLE OSTEOTOMY, MEDIAL PATELLOFEMORAL LIGAMENT (MPFL) RECONSTRUCTION) Patella dislocations are a common cause of cartilage defects and injuries in the knee. Very often, if the cartilage is injured during a dislocation, any surgery to repair it should be combined with a stabilizing procedure (ie: tibial tubercle osteotomy or MPFL reconstruction) in order to allow proper healing of the cartilage repair surgery and prevent further dislocation in the future ![tto xr](https://princetoncartilage.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/tto-xr.jpg) --- ## Videos ### [Welcome from Dr. Shenoy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/welcome-from-dr-shenoy/) **Published:** June 16, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** [Dr. Kartik Shenoy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-kartik-shenoy/ "Dr. Kartik Shenoy") is a board-certified orthopaedic spine surgeon who treats all conditions of the spine. Prior to joining Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, Dr. Shenoy served as a Lieutenant Colonel in the United States Air Force. He was the Chief of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedic Medical Director at Nellis Air Force Base in Las Vegas, Nevada and deployed to the Middle East during his service. He performs all spine procedures including disc replacement, minimally invasive surgery, laminectomy, microdiscectomy, and cervical and lumbar fusions. He has a particular interest in cervical and endoscopic spine surgery. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Joint Replacement Discharge Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/joint-replacement-discharge-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** This video explains the discharge instructions you will follow after your joint replacement surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. It covers what to expect during your early recovery, including managing pain, caring for your incision, using ice, staying active safely, and knowing when to contact the office. You will also learn about medications, therapy, and follow-up expectations. POA provides world-class orthopaedic care and supports patients every step of the way to ensure a smooth, successful recovery. **Categories:** Post-Op Message, Video --- ### [Hand Surgery Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/hand-surgery-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** This video explains how to prepare for your upcoming upper extremity surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. You will learn what to expect before, during, and after surgery, including preoperative instructions, day of surgery preparation, anesthesia overview, recovery guidance, and tips for swelling and pain control. POA provides world-class orthopaedic care and supports patients every step of the way to help you feel informed, confident, and ready for a smooth recovery. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [Foot & Ankle - Preoperative Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/foot-ankle-preoperative-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** This video is a comprehensive guide to preparing for your upcoming foot and ankle surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. We cover what to expect before, during, and after surgery, including necessary equipment, medication guidelines, and recovery tips. Our goal is to ensure you feel informed, confident, and supported every step of the way. At POA, we are committed to delivering world-class orthopaedic care with a personal approach centered around your well-being. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [Cervical Spine Surgery - Postoperative Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/cervical-spine-surgery-postoperative-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** This video explains what to expect after your cervical spine surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. It covers early recovery, pain control, activity restrictions, wound care, and when to call the office, along with guidance on using your neck collar and preparing for your follow-up visit. You will learn how to stay safe at home during the first days of healing. POA provides world-class orthopaedic care and supports patients every step of the way. **Categories:** Post-Op Message, Video --- ### [Joint Replacement - Preoperative Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/joint-replacement-preoperative-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** This video explains how to prepare for your upcoming hip or knee joint replacement surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. You will learn what to expect before, during, and after surgery, including pre-admission testing, medication guidance, skin preparation, home safety planning, anesthesia, pain and swelling control, early mobility, wound care, and physical therapy. POA provides world-class orthopaedic care and supports patients every step of the way so you can feel informed, safe, and ready for recovery. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [Cervical Spine Surgery - Preoperative Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/cervical-spine-surgery-preoperative-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** This video explains how to prepare for your upcoming cervical spine surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. You will learn essential preoperative instructions such as medication guidance, fasting rules, what to bring on the day of surgery, and how the check-in and anesthesia process works. The video helps you understand each step so you feel ready and informed. POA provides world-class orthopaedic care and supports patients every step of the way for a safe surgical experience. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [Lumbar Spine Surgery - Postoperative Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/lumbar-spine-surgery-postoperative-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** This video explains what to expect after your lumbar spine surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. It reviews pain management, activity guidelines, walking recommendations, wound care, and important symptoms to watch for, along with guidance on medications and your follow-up visit. You will learn how to recover safely at home and support your healing in the first weeks after surgery. POA provides world-class orthopaedic care and supports patients every step of the way. **Categories:** Post-Op Message, Video --- ### [Lumbar Spine Surgery - Preoperative Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/lumbar-spine-surgery-preoperative-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** This video explains how to prepare for your upcoming lumbar spine surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. You will learn what to expect before surgery, including medical clearance, fasting guidelines, medication instructions, what to bring, and how the day of surgery will unfold. The video also reviews anesthesia, safety planning, and early recovery expectations so you feel ready and informed. POA provides world-class orthopaedic care and supports patients every step of the way. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [ACL Reconstruction Surgery - Preoperative Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/acl-reconstruction-surgery-preoperative-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** This video explains how to prepare for your upcoming ACL reconstruction surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. You will learn what an ACL tear is, who benefits from surgery, how to optimize your knee beforehand, what to expect on the day of surgery, and how anesthesia, bracing, crutches, and early physical therapy play a role in your recovery. POA provides world-class orthopaedic care and supports patients every step of the way so you feel prepared and confident. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [Total Shoulder Anthroplasty - Preoperative Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/total-shoulder-anthroplasty-preoperative-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** This video explains how to prepare for your upcoming total shoulder replacement surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. You will learn why shoulder replacement is performed, how to get ready for surgery, what to expect with anesthesia, and how the immediate recovery process works, including sling use, icing, wound care, mobility, and therapy timelines. The video guides you through each step so you feel informed and ready. POA provides world-class orthopaedic care and supports patients every step of the way. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [Shoulder Instability - Preoperative Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/shoulder-instability-preoperative-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** This video explains how to prepare for your upcoming shoulder instability surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. You will learn why this surgery is performed, how arthroscopic stabilization works, what to expect with anesthesia, and how your sling, pain control, icing, and early physical therapy will support a safe recovery. The video also reviews sutures, rehabilitation milestones, and home care tips. POA provides world-class orthopaedic care and supports patients every step of the way. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [Open Shoulder Surgery - Preoperative Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/open-shoulder-surgery-preoperative-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** This video explains how to prepare for your upcoming open shoulder surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. You will learn why open surgery is performed, how anesthesia and nerve blocks work, what to expect with incision care, sling use, icing, swelling control, and early movement after surgery. The video reviews key precautions and therapy timelines so you feel informed and ready. POA provides world-class orthopaedic care and supports patients every step of the way. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [Shoulder Anthroscopy Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/shoulder-anthroscopy-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** This video explains how to prepare for your upcoming shoulder arthroscopy at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. You will learn why arthroscopic surgery is performed, how to get ready the night before, what to expect with anesthesia and nerve blocks, and how sling use, icing, and early pain management work after surgery. The video also reviews medication guidance and key recovery expectations. POA provides world-class orthopaedic care and supports patients every step of the way. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [Knee Arthroscopy Patient Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/knee-arthroscopy-patient-information/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** This video explains how to prepare for your upcoming knee arthroscopy at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. You will learn why knee arthroscopy is performed, how to get ready the night before surgery, what medications you may take the morning of the procedure, and what to expect from anesthesia and early recovery. The video also reviews crutch use, pain control, and simple guidelines that support a smooth experience. POA provides world-class orthopaedic care and supports patients every step of the way. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [Shoulder Strap Demo & How-To](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/shoulder-strap-demo-how-to/) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Dr. Song demonstrates the proper way to set up and use a shoulder strap for post-surgical care. **Categories:** Post-Op Message, Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Culp](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/brian-m-culp-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** [Dr. Brian M. Culp](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-m-culp-md/), Joint Care & Replacement specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [A Team Approach and Patient Focus](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/a-team-approach-and-patient-focus/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** POA's Physician Assistants discuss the importance of their team approach and patient focus in delivering world-class orthopaedic care. **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [Connected to the Community](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/connected-to-the-community/) **Published:** January 2, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Our Physicians discuss how remaining connected in their communities impacts quality of care. **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [Team Collaboration](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/team-collaboration/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** POA's physical and occupational therapists and physicians discuss the importance of team collaboration on patient recovery. **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Physical Therapy, Video --- ### [Physical Therapy at POA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/orthopaedics/physical-therapy/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** To learn more about orthopaedics at POA [read more about our philosophy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/about-us/) or take a look [POA in the media](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/media-news/). **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [Physical Therapy and Regaining Independence](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/physical-therapy-and-regaining-independence/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Our physical and occupational therapists discuss therapy's impact and importance in patients' recovery. **Categories:** Physical Therapy, Video --- ### [A Community of Extraordinary Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/a-community-of-extraordinary-care/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** The Physicians at POA explain the importance of remaining connected to the communities they serve. **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [Community-Based Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/community-based-care/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** POA's Physician Assistants discuss the importance and pride of continuing to be a community-based organization where they can still develop a relationship with patients and tailor their care to their needs. **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video --- ### [Our Physician Assistants](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/our-physician-assistants/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** POA's Physician Assistants discuss the importance of their team approach and patient focus in streamlining patient care. **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [Our Philosophy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/our-philosophy/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** In this video, our doctors share how Princeton Orthopaedic Associates' philosophy centers on expert sub-specialized care delivered with genuine compassion, trust, and a deep commitment to enhancing the well-being of our patients and community. **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [Hand and Wrist at POA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/orthopaedics/hand-and-wrist/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** To learn more about orthopaedics at POA [read more about our philosophy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/about-us/) or take a look [POA in the media](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/media-news/). **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [Spine at POA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/orthopaedics/spine/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** To learn more about orthopaedics at POA [read more about our philosophy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/about-us/) or take a look [POA in the media](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/media-news/). **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [Physiatry at POA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/orthopaedics/physiatry/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** To learn more about orthopaedics at POA [read more about our philosophy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/about-us/) or take a look [POA in the media](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/media-news/). **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [The POA Legacy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/orthopaedics/the-poa-legacy/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** To learn more about orthopaedics at POA [read more about our philosophy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/about-us/) or take a look [POA in the media](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/media-news/). **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [Relationships and Recovery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/relationships-and-recovery/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** POA's [Physical and Occupational Therapists](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physical-therapy/) discuss the rewarding relationships they build with their patients and how this impacts their quality of care and recovery. **Categories:** Physical Therapy, Video --- ### [A Post-Op Message from Dr. Culp](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/post-op-doctor-messages/a-post-op-message-from-dr-culp/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Brian M. Culp](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-m-culp-md/), Joint Care & Replacement specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, has an important post-op message for you. **Categories:** Post-Op Message, Video --- ### [A Pre-Op Message from Dr. Boniello](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/a-pre-op-message-from-dr-boniello-2/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Anthony J. Boniello](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/anthony-j-boniello-md/), hip & knee specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates shares a message with you prior to your upcoming surgery. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [Kinematic Alignment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/kinematic-alignment/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Brian Vannozzi](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-vannozzi-md/) discusses a new technique and technology used in knee replacements. **Categories:** Orthopaedic Conditions, Video --- ### [Pickleball Injuries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pickleball-injuries/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Stuart Levine](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/stuart-e-levine-md/) discusses the rise in popularity of Pickleball and the correlated uptick in pickleball injuries. **Categories:** Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Dunleavy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/welcome-from-dr-dunleavy/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Mark L. Dunleavy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-mark-l-dunleavy/), Total Joint Replacement specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, welcomes you to POA. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Orthopaedic Urgent Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/orthopaedic-urgent-care/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates has multiple orthopaedic [Urgent Care Centers](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) to help you when injury strikes off the clock. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Saleh | A Holistic Approach](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/dr-saleh-a-holistic-approach/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Hesham Saleh](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-hesham-saleh/), a Spine Surgery specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, discusses focusing on the holistic treatment of patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Griffis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/meet-dr-griffis/) **Published:** November 9, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Martin E. Griffis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-martin-e-griffis/), Hand and Upper Extremity Specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Griffis | Quick Treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/dr-griffis-quick-treatment/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Martin E. Griffis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-martin-e-griffis/), Hand and Upper Extremity Specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, discusses reserving spots for more urgent situations so patients don't have to delay care, which allows them to get back to what they want to do sooner. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Reed](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/welcome-from-dr-reed/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Jaclyn Reed,](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-reed-jaclyn/) Podiatrist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, welcomes you to POA. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Haskel](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/welcome-from-dr-haskel/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Jonathan D. Haskel](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-jonathan-d-haskel/), Sports Medicine specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Haskel](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/meet-dr-haskel/) **Published:** November 9, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Jonathan D. Haskel](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-jonathan-d-haskel/), Sports Medicine specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Reed](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/meet-dr-reed/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Jaclyn Reed](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-reed-jaclyn/), Podiatrist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Dunleavy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/meet-dr-dunleavy/) **Published:** November 18, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Mark L. Dunleavy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-mark-l-dunleavy/), Orthopaedic Surgeon at POA, specializes in total joint replacement. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Skeehan](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/meet-dr-skeehan/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Brendan K. Skeehan,](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-brendan-k-skeehan/) Physiatrist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Horling](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/meet-dr-horling/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Stephanie Horling](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-horling-stephanie/), Podiatrist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Nazarian](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/meet-dr-nazarian/) **Published:** November 9, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Rony Nazarian](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/rony-nazarian-md/), Spine, Neck, & Back specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Hasan](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/meet-dr-hasan/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Jennifer Hasan](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/jennifer-hasan-dpm/), Podiatrist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Levi](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/meet-dr-levi/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Jennifer Levi](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-levi-jennifer/), Podiatrist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Saleh](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/meet-dr-saleh/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Hesham Saleh](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-hesham-saleh/), Spine Surgery specialist specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Culp | Joint Replacement Surgery Prep](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/dr-culp-joint-replacement-surgery-prep/) **Published:** October 24, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Brian M. Culp](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-m-culp-md/), Joint Care & Replacement specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, shares this important information with you prior to your joint replacement surgery. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [Dr. Nazarian | Spinal Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/info/dr-nazarian-spinal-care/) **Published:** November 10, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Rony Nazarian](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/rony-nazarian-md/), spine, neck, & back specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, discusses POA's comprehensive and advanced spinal care approach. **Categories:** Spine, Video --- ### [Dr. Song | Our Community](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/info/dr-song-our-community/) **Published:** November 10, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Frederick S. Song](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/frederick-s-song-md/), Sports Medicine specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, explains the importance of community involvement. **Categories:** Video --- ### [Dr. Song | Shoulder Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/info/dr-song-shoulder-replacement/) **Published:** November 10, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Frederick S. Song](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/frederick-s-song-md/), Sports Medicine specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, walks through the technological advances of shoulder replacement and its impacts on surgery and recovery. **Categories:** Video --- ### [Dr. Song | Your Time](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/info/dr-song-your-time/) **Published:** November 10, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Frederick S. Song](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/frederick-s-song-md/), Sports Medicine specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, explains why he values your time. **Categories:** Video --- ### [Dr. Rossy Discusses Cartilage Injuries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/info/dr-rossy-discusses-cartilage-injuries/) **Published:** November 10, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. William H. Rossy,](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/william-h-rossy-md/) Sports Medicine and Cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Knee, Video --- ### [Dr. Rossy Explains Hip Arthroscopy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/info/dr-rossy-explains-hip-arthroscopy/) **Published:** November 10, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. William H. Rossy,](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/william-h-rossy-md/) Sports Medicine and Cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Hip, Video --- ### [Dr. Rossy Explains BEAR Implant](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/info/dr-rossy-explains-bear-implant/) **Published:** November 10, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. William H. Rossy,](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/william-h-rossy-md/) Sports Medicine and Cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Knee, Video --- ### [Dr. Vannozzi Explains Total Hip Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/info/dr-vannozzi-explains-total-hip-replacement/) **Published:** November 9, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Brian Vannozzi](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-vannozzi-md/), hip & knee treatments specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, explains his style of hip replacement - superior hip replacement. **Categories:** Hip, Video --- ### [Dr. Vannozzi Explains Knee Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/info/dr-vannozzi-explains-knee-replacement/) **Published:** November 9, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Brian Vannozzi](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-vannozzi-md/), hip & knee treatments specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, explains his style of knee replacement - patient specific instrumentation. **Categories:** Knee, Video --- ### [Dr. Culp | Joint Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/dr-culp-joint-replacement/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Brian M. Culp](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-m-culp-md/), Joint Care & Replacement specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates shares a message about your upcoming surgery. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [A Pre-Op Message From Dr. Rossy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/a-pre-op-message-from-dr-rossy/) **Published:** October 24, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. William H. Rossy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/william-h-rossy-md/), cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates has a message for you prior to your upcoming surgery. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [A Pre-Op Message From Dr. Saleh](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/a-pre-op-message-from-dr-saleh/) **Published:** October 24, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Hesham Saleh](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-hesham-saleh/), spine surgery specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates has a message for you prior to your upcoming surgery. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [A Pre-Op Message from Dr. Prodromo](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/a-pre-op-message-from-dr-prodromo/) **Published:** October 24, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. John Prodromo](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/john-p-prodromo-md/), shoulder, knee, hip, & cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates has a message for you before your upcoming surgery. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [A Pre-Op Message From Dr. Griffis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/a-pre-op-message-from-dr-griffis/) **Published:** October 24, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Martin E. Griffis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-martin-e-griffis/), hand and upper extremity specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates has a message for you before your upcoming surgery. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [A Pre-Op Message from Dr. Boniello](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/a-pre-op-message-from-dr-boniello/) **Published:** October 24, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Anthony J. Boniello](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/anthony-j-boniello-md/), hip & knee specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates shares a message with you prior to your upcoming surgery. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [A Post-Op Message From Dr. Rossy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/post-op-doctor-messages/a-post-op-message-from-dr-rossy/) **Published:** October 24, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. William H. Rossy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/william-h-rossy-md/), cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Post-Op Message, Video --- ### [A Message from Dr. Vannozzi](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/a-message-from-dr-vannozzi/) **Published:** October 24, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Brian Vannozzi](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-vannozzi-md/), hip & knee treatments specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates has a message for you prior to your surgery. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [A Message From Dr. Rossy After Your Shoulder Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/post-op-doctor-messages/a-message-from-dr-rossy/) **Published:** October 24, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. William H. Rossy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/william-h-rossy-md/), cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates has a message for you after your recent shoulder surgery. **Categories:** Post-Op Message, Video --- ### [A Message from Dr. Culp](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/a-message-from-dr-culp/) **Published:** October 24, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Brian M. Culp](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-m-culp-md/), Joint Care & Replacement specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, shares this important information with you prior to your arthroscopic knee surgery. **Categories:** Pre-Op Message, Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Griffis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/welcome-from-dr-griffis/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Martin E. Griffis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-martin-e-griffis/), Hand and Upper Extremity specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Saleh](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/welcome-from-dr-saleh/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Hesham Saleh](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-hesham-saleh/), Spine Surgery specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Rossy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/welcome-from-dr-rossy/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. William H. Rossy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/william-h-rossy-md/), Sports Medicine and Cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Boniello](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/meet-dr-boniello/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Anthony J. Boniello](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/anthony-j-boniello-md/), Knee and Hip specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Prodromo](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/meet-dr-prodromo/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. John Prodromo](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/john-p-prodromo-md/), Shoulder, Knee, Hip, & Cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Rossy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/meet-dr-rossy/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. William H. Rossy,](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/william-h-rossy-md/) Sports Medicine and Cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Meet Dr. Sedhom](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/meet-dr-sedhom/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Angela A. Sedhom](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/dr-angela-a-sedhom/), Physiatrist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Boniello Explains Arthritis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/dr-boniello-explains-arthritis/) **Published:** November 8, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** [Dr. Anthony J. Boniello](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/anthony-j-boniello-md/), hip & knee specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates explains arthritis. **Categories:** Arthritis, Joint Care, Video --- ### [Post-Op Doctor Messages](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/post-op-doctor-messages/) **Published:** October 26, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Categories:** Post-Op Message --- ### [Pre-Op Doctor Messages](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/pre-op-doctor-messages/) **Published:** October 26, 2023 **Author:** Mary Estes **Categories:** Pre-Op Message --- ### [Doctor Videos](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/) **Published:** December 10, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Categories:** Doctor Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Ark](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/dr-jon-ark/) **Published:** December 8, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Jon Ark](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/jon-w-ark-md/), hand, wrist, foot, & ankle procedures specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Rossy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/william-h-rossy-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. William H. Rossy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/william-h-rossy-md/), cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome Videos](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/) **Published:** December 10, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Categories:** Welcome Video --- ### [Informational Videos](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/info/) **Published:** December 15, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel --- ### [Dr. Song | Informational Video](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/info/frederick-s-song-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Frederick S. Song](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/frederick-s-song-md/), Sports Medicine specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates walks through why sports medicine is important to him and provides expectations and preparation for certain procedures. **Categories:** Video --- ### [Sports Medicine at POA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/orthopaedics/sports-medicine/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** To learn more about orthopaedics at POA [read more about our philosophy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/about-us/) or take a look [POA in the media](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/media-news/). **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [Podiatry at POA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/orthopaedics/podiatry/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** To learn more about orthopaedics at POA [read more about our philosophy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/about-us/) or take a look [POA in the media](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/media-news/). **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [Joint Replacement at POA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/orthopaedics/joint-replacement/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** To learn more about orthopaedics at POA [read more about our philosophy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/about-us/) or take a look [POA in the media](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/media-news/). **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video, Video --- ### [Orthopaedic Videos](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/orthopaedics/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Categories:** Orthopaedic Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Vannozzi](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/brian-vannozzi-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Brian Vannozzi](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-vannozzi-md/), hip & knee treatments specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Song](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/frederick-s-song-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Frederick S. Song](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/frederick-s-song-md/), Sports Medicine specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Prodromo](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/john-p-prodromo-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. John Prodromo](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/john-p-prodromo-md/), shoulder, knee, hip, & cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Pressman](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/mark-j-pressman-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Mark Pressman](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/mark-j-pressman-md/), total joint care specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Nazarian](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/rony-nazarian-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Rony Nazarian](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/rony-nazarian-md/), spine, neck, & back specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Levine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/stuart-e-levine-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Stuart E. Levine](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/stuart-e-levine-md/), foot & ankle surgery specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Grenis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/michael-grenis-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Michael Grenis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/michael-grenis-md/), hand & upper extremities specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Dr. Pressman | Total Joint Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/mark-j-pressman-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Mark Pressman](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/mark-j-pressman-md/), total joint care specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Prodromo | Sports Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/john-p-prodromo-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. John Prodromo](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/john-p-prodromo-md/), shoulder, knee, hip, & cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Rossy | Sports Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/william-h-rossy-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. William H. Rossy](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/william-h-rossy-md/), cartilage specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Song | Sports Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/frederick-s-song-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Frederick S. Song](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/frederick-s-song-md/), Sports Medicine specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Stier | Physiatry](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/kyle-thomas-stier-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Kyle T. Stier](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/kyle-thomas-stier-md/), physiatrics specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Vannozzi | Joint Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/brian-vannozzi-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Brian Vannozzi](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-vannozzi-md/), hip & knee treatments specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Abrams](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/jeffrey-s-abrams-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Jeffrey S. Abrams](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/frederick-s-song-md/), Shoulder specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Bezwada](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/hari-p-bezwada-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Hari P. Bezwada](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/hari-p-bezwada-md/), Hip & Knee specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Boniello](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/anthony-j-boniello-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Anthony J. Boniello](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/anthony-j-boniello-md/), hip & knee specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Welcome from Dr. Bronsnick](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/welcome/daniel-bronsnick-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Daniel Bronsnick](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/anthony-j-boniello-md/), shoulder & elbow injuries specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Video, Welcome Video --- ### [Dr. Abrams | Sports Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/jeffrey-s-abrams-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Jeffrey S. Abrams](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/frederick-s-song-md/), shoulder specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Bezwada | Joint Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/hari-p-bezwada-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Hari P. Bezwada](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/hari-p-bezwada-md/), Hip & Knee specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Boniello | Joint Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/anthony-j-boniello-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Anthony J. Boniello](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/anthony-j-boniello-md/), hip & knee specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Bronsnick | Shoulder & Elbow](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/daniel-bronsnick-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Daniel Bronsnick](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/anthony-j-boniello-md/), shoulder & elbow injuries specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Culp | Joint Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/brian-m-culp-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Brian M. Culp](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/brian-m-culp-md/), Joint Care & Replacement specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Grenis | Hand and Wrist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/michael-grenis-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Michael Grenis](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/michael-grenis-md/), hand & upper extremities specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Hasan | Foot and Ankle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/jennifer-hasan-dpm/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Jennifer Hasan](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/jennifer-hasan-dpm/), foot and ankle specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Levine | Foot & Ankle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/stuart-e-levine-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Stuart E. Levine](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/stuart-e-levine-md/), foot & ankle surgery specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Mizrachi | Physiatry](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/arik-mizrachi-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Arik Mizrachi](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/arik-mizrachi-md/), diagnostics, pain management, & rehabilitation specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ### [Dr. Nazarian | Spine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/videos/doctor/rony-nazarian-md/) **Published:** November 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** [Dr. Rony Nazarian](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/our-team/rony-nazarian-md/), spine, neck, & back specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates discusses why he loves working at POA and providing the best care to his patients. **Categories:** Doctor Video, Video --- ## Services ### [Scoliosis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/general-orthopaedics/scoliosis/) **Published:** September 23, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Excerpt:** Scoliosis is a condition characterized by a sideways curve of the spine and may involve changes to supporting bones and tissues. Symptoms include uneven shoulders, back pain, and reduced range of motion. Treatment options vary based on the severity of the curve and may include monitoring, physical therapy, bracing, or surgery. **Content:** # What Is Scoliosis? Scoliosis is a condition where the spine curves to the side instead of running straight down the back. It can involve changes to the bones and soft tissues that support the spine, and it may develop during growth or after injury or illness. This page explains what scoliosis is, what might cause it, common symptoms to watch for, and when to seek orthopaedic care. The goal is to help you understand the condition and what our orthopaedic specialists at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates look for when evaluating scoliosis. --- ## What You Should Know About Scoliosis? Scoliosis causes a sideways curve of the spine that can affect the vertebrae, ligaments, muscles, and other supporting soft tissues. The curve may be mild and stable, or it can get worse over time, especially during periods of rapid growth. Most people with scoliosis do not have pain at first, but the shape of the back or shoulder level may change. Doctors classify scoliosis by its cause and by the age at which it appears. Treatment depends on the curve size, the chance it will progress, and any symptoms that affect daily life. Options range from monitoring and physical therapy to bracing or surgery in more advanced cases. Your orthopaedic team will recommend a plan based on your individual needs. --- ## What Causes Scoliosis? - **Idiopathic Scoliosis**: The most common type, especially in adolescents, and the exact cause is not known. - **Congenital Scoliosis**: A curve present at birth because vertebrae did not form normally during fetal development. - **Neuromuscular Scoliosis**: Caused by conditions that affect nerves and muscles, such as cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy, which can lead to imbalanced forces on the spine. - **Degenerative Scoliosis**: Develops in adults as spinal discs and joints wear down, which can change the shape of the spine over time. - **Traumatic Scoliosis**: Follows an injury or operation that alters the alignment of the spine or the supporting tissues. --- ## What Are the Symptoms of Scoliosis? 1. **Uneven Shoulders** - The top of one shoulder may appear higher than the other, often noticed in clothing fit or in photos. 2. **Uneven Waist or Hips** - One hip may stick out more, or the waist may look uneven when standing straight. 3. **Prominent Rib or Back on One Side** - When bending forward, a rib hump or prominence on one side of the back can appear due to spinal rotation. 4. **Back Pain** - Pain may be mild at first but can increase with larger curves or as the spine ages; pain is more common in adults with degenerative curves. 5. **Reduced Range of Motion** - Some people notice stiffness or difficulty bending, which can affect daily activities. --- ## When to Seek Orthopaedic Care for Scoliosis - **Visible Change in Posture or Back Shape**: If you or a family member notices uneven shoulders, hips, or a new rib prominence, it is reasonable to have an orthopaedic evaluation. - **Rapid Progression During Growth**: If a curve appears to be getting worse quickly, especially in a child or adolescent, prompt assessment is important to determine next steps. - **Persistent or Worsening Back Pain**: Ongoing pain that affects daily activities should be evaluated by an orthopaedic specialist to identify the cause and treatment options. - **Difficulty Breathing or Reduced Endurance**: Large spinal curves can affect chest shape and breathing; report any shortness of breath or reduced exercise tolerance. - **New Neurological Symptoms**: Numbness, weakness, or changes in bowel or bladder function require urgent orthopaedic or neurological assessment. --- ## How Scoliosis Is Evaluated and Treated An orthopaedic evaluation begins with a medical history and a physical exam that looks at posture, spine shape, and flexibility. Your clinician may use standing X-rays to measure curve size and check for progression. Additional imaging or tests are sometimes needed to clarify the cause. Treatment varies with age, curve size, and symptoms. Small, stable curves are often observed over time with periodic checkups. Bracing may be recommended for growing children to reduce the risk of progression. Physical therapy focuses on posture, core strength, and mobility, which can help symptoms and function. Surgery is considered for larger curves or when a curve is causing pain or affecting organs or function. Your orthopaedic team at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates will discuss the expected benefits and risks of each option and tailor care to your needs. Treatment decisions are shared between you and your clinician to support the safest and most effective outcome. --- If you have concerns about the shape of your spine or new symptoms, an orthopaedic assessment can help clarify the cause and outline appropriate steps. Early evaluation is often helpful when curves are discovered in children and adolescents. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Conditions, Spine **Area:** General Orthopaedics, Spine --- ### [Shin Splints](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/shin-splints/) **Published:** September 23, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Excerpt:** Shin splints refers to pain along the front or inner part of the lower leg, typically caused by stress on the muscles, tendons, and bone around the shin. It is often associated with increased activity, changes in training surfaces, or improper footwear. **Content:** # What Are Shin Splints? Shin splints is a general term for pain along the front or inner part of the lower leg, caused by stress on the muscles, tendons, and bone tissue around the shin. It most frequently affects people who increase their activity suddenly, change training surfaces, or wear inadequate footwear. The condition commonly involves the tibia and the soft tissues attached to it. Pain can range from mild and activity related to persistent and limiting, but many people recover with simple care and activity changes. ## What You Should Know About Shin Splints? Shin splints, a term that often refers to medial tibial stress syndrome, involves inflammation and irritation where muscles attach to the shin bone or where repetitive force stresses the bone. The pain is often along the inner edge of the tibia and can feel worse during or after exercise. Risk factors include quick increases in distance or intensity, running on hard or uneven surfaces, and wearing worn shoes. Simple measures such as rest, stretching, ice, and gradual return to activity usually help, and your orthopaedic team at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can advise if symptoms do not improve. ## What Causes Shin Splints? - **Overuse from Repetitive Impact:** Repeated stress on the shin bone and surrounding tissues from activities like running or jumping leads to irritation. - **Sudden Increase in Training:** A rapid jump in mileage or workout intensity can overload the lower leg before tissues adapt. - **Poor Footwear:** Shoes that lack cushioning or support can increase forces through the shin during activity. - **Training on Hard or Uneven Surfaces:** Hard pavement or sloped terrain increases impact and uneven loading of the shin. - **Foot Structure:** Flat feet or high arches can change how the lower leg handles forces and increase strain. - **Tight Calf Muscles:** Reduced flexibility in the calf raises stress on the shin during activity. ## What Are the Symptoms of Shin Splints? 1. **Pain Along the Inner Shin** - The most common sign is a dull, aching pain on the inside edge of the tibia that appears with activity and may ease with rest. 2. **Tenderness to Touch** - The affected section of the shin may feel sore when pressed and can be sensitive after exercise. 3. **Swelling** - Mild swelling in the lower leg may be present near the painful area, especially after activity. 4. **Pain That Begins with Activity** - Pain often starts during exercise and can persist afterward; in more severe cases it may be present even at rest. 5. **Changes in Gait or Strength** - You may notice limping or a feeling of weakness in the lower leg if pain becomes more limiting. ## When to Seek Orthopaedic Care for Shin Splints - **Pain That Does Not Improve with Rest:** If rest and basic care for several weeks do not reduce pain, see an orthopaedic specialist for further evaluation. - **Worsening or Severe Pain:** Increasing intensity of pain or inability to bear weight suggests the need for professional assessment to rule out stress fracture. - **Swelling or Warmth That Persists:** Ongoing swelling, redness, or warmth may indicate a different problem that requires medical attention. - **Numbness or Weakness:** Any new numbness or weakness in the lower leg or foot should be evaluated promptly. - **Pain at Rest or at Night:** Pain that occurs when you are not active can be a sign of a more serious condition. ## How Shin Splints Are Evaluated and Treated Diagnosis typically begins with a history and a physical exam to find tender areas and reproduce symptoms. Imaging such as X-rays or other tests may be used if a stress fracture or other problem is suspected. Treatment usually starts with activity modification, ice, over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication if appropriate, and stretching or strengthening exercises. Gradual return to exercise, proper footwear, and attention to training surfaces help prevent recurrence. If symptoms persist, the orthopaedic specialists at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can provide further evaluation and a personalized plan. **Tags:** Conditions, Foot and Ankle **Area:** Foot and Ankle, General Orthopaedics, Sports Medicine --- ### [Sciatica](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/general-orthopaedics/sciatica/) **Published:** September 23, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Excerpt:** Sciatica is characterized by pain that travels along the sciatic nerve from the lower back through the buttock and down one leg. It typically occurs due to nerve irritation or compression by spinal structures. Symptoms include leg pain, numbness, and weakness, with various causes ranging from herniated discs to pregnancy. **Content:** # Sciatica Sciatica describes pain that travels along the sciatic nerve from your lower back through the buttock and down one leg. It happens when the nerve is irritated or compressed by nearby spinal structures, causing pain, numbness, or weakness that can affect daily activities. This page explains what causes sciatica, common symptoms, and when you should seek orthopaedic care. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, our goal is to help you understand the condition and the options available to relieve pain and restore function. ## What You Should Know About Sciatica? Sciatica is not a diagnosis on its own but a description of leg pain caused by nerve irritation in the lower spine. The pain usually affects only one side of the body and can range from mild discomfort to sharp, burning pain that makes it hard to stand or walk. Many people improve with conservative care such as activity modification, targeted exercises, and anti-inflammatory medications. If pain is severe, persistent, or is accompanied by significant weakness or changes in bladder or bowel function, orthopaedic evaluation may be needed to determine if procedures or surgery are required. ## What Causes Sciatica? - **Herniated disc**: A disc bulge or rupture can press on a nearby nerve root and generate radiating leg pain. - **Spinal stenosis**: Narrowing of the spinal canal can squeeze nerve roots, especially in older adults. - **Degenerative disc disease**: Wear and tear of the spinal discs can change spine mechanics and irritate nerves over time. - **Spondylolisthesis**: A vertebra that slips forward can narrow the space for nerve roots and cause sciatica. - **Piriformis syndrome**: Tightness or spasm of the piriformis muscle in the buttock can irritate the sciatic nerve. - **Trauma or injury**: A fall or direct blow to the lower back or buttock can injure structures that affect the nerve. - **Pregnancy**: Changes in posture and added weight during pregnancy may increase pressure on the lower spine and nerve roots. ## What Are the Symptoms of Sciatica? 1. **Pain that follows the nerve path** - Pain typically starts in the lower back or buttock and travels down the back of the thigh into the calf or foot. The pain can be sharp, burning, or electric in nature. 2. **Numbness or tingling** - You may feel pins and needles or a loss of sensation in parts of the leg or foot supplied by the affected nerve. 3. **Muscle weakness** - Compression of the nerve can reduce strength in the leg or foot, which may make it hard to lift the foot or stand on your toes. 4. **Pain that worsens with certain movements** - Coughing, sneezing, bending forward, or prolonged sitting often increase sciatica pain. 5. **Difficulty walking or standing** - Severe pain or weakness can limit your ability to walk or maintain balance. ## When to Seek Orthopaedic Care for Sciatica - **Severe, unrelenting pain**: If pain does not improve with home measures and prevents sleep or basic activity, you should see an orthopaedic specialist. - **Progressive muscle weakness**: Worsening weakness in the leg or foot may indicate significant nerve compression and needs prompt assessment. - **Loss of bowel or bladder control**: Any new difficulty with bowel or bladder function is an emergency and requires immediate medical attention. - **Symptoms after a significant injury**: If sciatica begins after a fall or accident, evaluation is important to rule out fractures or other damage. - **Pain that lasts more than a few weeks**: Persistent symptoms that do not respond to conservative care may require imaging and a tailored treatment plan from your orthopaedic team. When you visit Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we perform a focused evaluation to identify the source of your nerve irritation and discuss treatment options. Most people start with nonoperative care, and surgery is considered when conservative measures do not relieve symptoms or when there is progressive neurological loss. If you have questions about sciatica or need an orthopaedic evaluation, our team at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can help guide you through diagnosis and treatment choices based on your situation. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Conditions, General Orthopaedics **Area:** General Orthopaedics --- ### [Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/spinal-cord-stimulator-implantation/) **Published:** September 22, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Excerpt:** Explore the benefits, details, and recovery process of spinal cord stimulator implantation for chronic pain management. Learn about patient guidance and potential risks. **Content:** # Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation If you have long-standing back or leg pain that has not improved with medicines, therapy, or injections, a spinal cord stimulator may be an option to reduce your pain. A spinal cord stimulator is a small device placed under the skin that sends mild electrical pulses to the spinal cord. These pulses change the way your nerves send pain signals to the brain, which can lower the amount of pain you feel. This treatment is often used for nerve-related pain, known as neuropathic pain, or persistent pain after back surgery. Your orthopaedic and pain care team will evaluate whether a stimulator is appropriate for you. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can help explain the process and whether you might benefit from this treatment. ## Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation Details A spinal cord stimulator is intended for chronic pain that comes from nerves in the spine and legs, rather than pain from a recent fracture or active infection. The device uses thin wires, called leads, positioned near the spinal cord to deliver low-level electrical pulses. These leads connect to a small battery-powered generator placed under the skin, usually in the lower back or buttock. The goal is to reduce the sensation of pain by interrupting pain signals before they reach the brain. This procedure is often recommended after other nonsurgical treatments, like medications, injections, and physical therapy, have not provided enough relief. It is not typically recommended for people with untreated infections, certain bleeding problems, or those who cannot manage a temporary trial. Before implantation, many patients try a short trial period with temporary leads to see if the device helps. If the trial reduces pain and improves function, a permanent system may be implanted. ## What Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation Includes The implantation process usually begins with a trial, when temporary leads are placed near the spinal cord using image guidance. A local anesthetic and light sedation are commonly used for the trial, so you may be awake but relaxed. During the trial, you use an external controller to adjust the stimulation and see if pain relief occurs over several days. If the trial is successful, a permanent procedure is scheduled. The permanent implant is placed with small incisions, and the leads are secured near the spinal cord. A small pocket is made under the skin to hold the generator. The surgery is minimally invasive compared with major open spine operations, which helps limit tissue damage and shortens recovery time for many patients. You will learn how to use the controller to adjust stimulation and check the device regularly for battery life and function. ## Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation Recovery After the permanent implant, most patients go home the same day or after a short hospital stay. You may have soreness at the incision sites for a few days to weeks. Activity is limited at first to allow the leads to settle, so you will be asked to avoid heavy lifting, bending, and twisting for several weeks. Follow-up visits help your care team adjust the stimulation settings and check the wounds. Physical therapy may be recommended to restore normal movement and strength once your surgeon clears you. Full benefits may take several weeks as settings are optimized. Recovery may be longer for people with other health problems, such as diabetes, poor circulation, or smoking, because these factors can slow healing or increase the chance of complications. ## Benefits and Risks of Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation The main benefit of a spinal cord stimulator is reduced pain, which can help you return to daily activities and reduce the need for pain medicines. Many people report improved sleep, better mood, and increased ability to move without severe pain. The trial period helps predict whether you will get meaningful relief before a permanent device is placed. There are also risks, including infection, bleeding, or pain at the implant site. Leads can move out of place, which may reduce benefit and require revision. Rarely, there can be damage to nerves or blood vessels. Some people continue to have pain despite the device. Your doctor will discuss these risks and how they apply to your situation. ## Patient Guidance Before and After Implantation These are general instructions only, and you should consult a doctor at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates for advice tailored to you. Before a trial or implant, your care team will review medications to stop or adjust, such as blood thinners. You may be asked to fast for several hours before a procedure and to arrange for someone to drive you home after sedation or surgery. During recovery, plan for light activity and help with daily tasks for the first few days. Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous exercise until your surgeon says it is safe. Keep the incision clean and dry as instructed, and call your care team if you notice redness, drainage, fever, or sudden worsening of pain. Following instructions closely helps reduce the chance of complications and improves the chance of a good outcome. ## Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation Quick FAQs - **Will the procedure cure my pain?** The stimulator aims to reduce pain and improve function, it does not cure the underlying condition. - **How long does the battery last?** Battery life varies by device and use, and will be discussed with you by your care team. - **Can I have MRI scans with a stimulator?** Some devices are MRI conditional, and your doctor will explain any imaging limits. - **Is there a trial first?** Yes, most people have a temporary trial to see if stimulation helps before a permanent implant is placed. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Orthopaedic Treatments, Orthopedic Treatments, Procedures, Spine, treatment, Treatments **Area:** Spine --- ### [Radiofrequency Ablation](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/general-orthopaedics/radiofrequency-ablation-medial-branch-neurotomy/) **Published:** September 22, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Excerpt:** Radiofrequency ablation, also referred to as medial branch neurotomy, is a minimally invasive procedure designed to alleviate chronic neck or back pain originating from the spinal small joints. It interrupts pain signals from the facet joints, often following a successful diagnostic injection. Benefits include reduced pain and improved daily functioning, making it a valuable treatment option when other methods have not provided sufficient relief. **Content:** # Radiofrequency Ablation (Medial Branch Neurotomy) Radiofrequency ablation, also referred to as medial branch neurotomy, is a procedure we use to ease chronic neck or back pain that comes from the small joints of the spine. It targets nerves that carry pain signals from the facet joints, which are part of your spinal joints. The treatment is minimally invasive and is done through small needles rather than open surgery. Many patients choose this option when other treatments, like medications or physical therapy, have not provided lasting relief. It can help reduce pain so you can return to daily activities with less discomfort. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates we explain what to expect and how the procedure may fit into your care plan. ## Radiofrequency Ablation (Medial Branch Neurotomy) Details Radiofrequency ablation treats pain that comes from the facet joints of the spine. These joints connect the vertebrae and help your spine move. The nerves that supply these joints are called medial branch nerves. When these nerves send continuous pain signals, we can interrupt those signals with heat generated by radiofrequency energy. The goal is to lessen pain coming from joint wear, injury, or inflammation in the spine, which affects bones and nearby soft tissues. This procedure is usually recommended when a targeted diagnostic injection, called a medial branch block, has shown that those nerves are the source of your pain. It is not recommended if your pain comes from other causes, such as widespread nerve disease, muscle pain without joint involvement, or active infection near the spine. Your care team at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates will help determine if this is a suitable option for you. ## Radiofrequency Ablation (Medial Branch Neurotomy) General Treatment Details During the procedure you lie on an X-ray table while we use imaging to guide a thin needle to the small nerves near the spine. We test the needle position with a small electrical current to make sure the right nerve is targeted. Then radiofrequency energy heats the tissue at the needle tip to interrupt the pain signal. The whole treatment is done through a tiny skin puncture, so there is no large incision. The tools used include fluoroscopy, which is a live X-ray, a specialized radiofrequency probe, and local anesthetic for comfort. The procedure is typically done under light sedation or local anesthesia so you stay comfortable and awake enough for feedback if needed. Because it is minimally invasive, this approach reduces tissue damage and lowers the chance of long recovery compared with open surgery. The aim is not to repair tissues like bones or ligaments, but to reduce pain signals that come from the facet joints and nearby soft tissues. By breaking the pain signal temporarily, many patients find they can be more active and participate in rehabilitation that helps long-term function. ## Radiofrequency Ablation (Medial Branch Neurotomy) Recovery Details After the procedure you may have some soreness at the injection site for a few days. Most people can go home the same day and resume light activities within 24 to 48 hours. You should expect to limit heavy lifting, twisting, or strenuous exercise for a short time while the treated area settles. Pain relief often begins within a week and can last many months, but varies by person. We commonly recommend doing physical therapy or a guided exercise program after recovery to strengthen the spine and improve motion. Factors that can lengthen recovery include smoking, poorly controlled medical conditions, obesity, or ongoing work that places heavy strain on the spine. ## Benefits of Radiofrequency Ablation (Medial Branch Neurotomy) Primary benefits include reduced chronic pain from facet joints and improved ability to perform daily tasks. Because the procedure is minimally invasive, it usually means less tissue damage, a shorter recovery time, and a lower risk than open spine surgery. Many patients gain months of relief that lets them take part in physical therapy and activity programs that can help long-term function. Like all procedures, radiofrequency ablation has potential risks. These can include infection, bleeding, damage to a nearby nerve or blood vessel, stiffness, or persistent pain. In rare cases numbness or increased pain can occur. Your Princeton Orthopaedic Associates clinician will review these risks with you and answer questions based on your health history. ## Radiofrequency Ablation (Medial Branch Neurotomy) Patient Guidance General steps to prepare include arranging a ride home, wearing comfortable clothing, and following instructions about medications. You may be asked to stop certain blood thinners before the procedure. If you are given sedation, you should not drive that day. These are general points only, and you should consult your doctor for specific instructions. During recovery you may need short work restrictions and to avoid heavy exertion. Light walking and gradual return to activity are usually encouraged. Following the post-procedure plan from Princeton Orthopaedic Associates helps you get the best result and reduce complications. ## Radiofrequency Ablation (Medial Branch Neurotomy) Quick FAQ's Will this procedure cure my back or neck pain? Radiofrequency ablation can reduce pain from facet joints but it is not a cure for all spine problems. How long does relief last? Relief varies, often lasting months; some patients may have longer benefit and others may need repeat treatment. Is it safe to have repeated treatments? Repeating the procedure is commonly done for returning pain, and your care team can advise whether it is appropriate for you. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Orthopaedic Treatments, Orthopedic Treatments, Procedures, treatment, Treatments **Area:** General Orthopaedics, Spine --- ### [ACL Tear](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/general-orthopaedics/acl-tear/) **Published:** September 23, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Excerpt:** An ACL tear affects the anterior cruciate ligament in the knee and can range from partial to complete ruptures. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and instability, often requiring a specialist for diagnosis and treatment options. **Content:** # ACL Tear An ACL tear is an injury to the anterior cruciate ligament, one of the key ligaments that stabilize the knee. This injury affects the soft tissues that link the thigh bone to the shin bone and can range from a small partial tear to a complete rupture. The ACL helps control forward movement and rotation of the tibia under the femur. Tears often happen during sports or accidents and can cause pain, swelling, and instability in the knee. ## What You Should Know About ACL Tear? An ACL tear occurs when the ligament is stretched beyond its limit or when it is pulled apart. It commonly involves damage to surrounding structures such as the meniscus or other ligaments and may cause a feeling that the knee is giving way. Treatment depends on the severity of the tear, your activity level, and other knee injuries. Options include activity modification, physical therapy to restore strength and motion, and surgical reconstruction to restore knee stability. Orthopaedic specialists at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates evaluate knee injuries and help you choose the appropriate plan for recovery. ## What Causes ACL Tear? - **Sudden change of direction:** Rapid cutting or pivoting motions can strain the ACL and cause it to tear. - **Landing wrong from a jump:** Landing with the knee extended or twisted can place excessive stress on the ligament. - **Direct blow to the knee:** A forceful impact, such as a collision in contact sports, can bend the knee unnaturally and injure the ACL. - **Fatigue and poor technique:** Muscle fatigue or poor technique can increase the risk of an ACL injury. ACL tears are typically acute injuries, not caused by overuse. ## What Are The Symptoms Of ACL Tear? 1. **Sudden pain at the time of injury** - You may feel a sharp pain immediately when the ligament is damaged. Pain can be severe at first but may decrease after the initial injury. 2. **A popping sound or sensation** - Many people report hearing or feeling a pop inside the knee when the ACL tears. This is a common sign of a significant ligament injury. 3. **Rapid swelling** - The knee often swells within a few hours due to bleeding inside the joint. Swelling can limit motion and make weight bearing difficult. 4. **Instability or a giving way feeling** - You may feel that the knee is unstable or buckles when you try to walk or change direction. This reflects loss of ligament support. 5. **Reduced range of motion** - Stiffness and difficulty straightening or bending the knee are common after an ACL tear, especially while swelling is present. ## When To Seek Orthopaedic Care For ACL Tear - **Severe pain and swelling:** Intense pain, rapid swelling, or inability to walk may indicate a serious ligament injury that needs prompt evaluation. - **Feeling of instability:** If the knee gives way during normal activities or sport, you should see an orthopaedic specialist to assess ligament function and discuss treatment choices. - **Difficulty moving the knee:** If you cannot straighten or bend the knee fully after the injury, early assessment can help prevent longer term stiffness. - **Associated injuries:** If you also have numbness, signs of fracture, or other joint injuries, seek immediate medical attention for a complete evaluation. - **Ongoing symptoms despite rest:** If pain, swelling, or instability continue after initial rest and home care, an orthopaedic evaluation can determine whether surgery or structured rehabilitation is needed. ## How ACL Tears Are Evaluated And Treated When you see an orthopaedic specialist, we will take a history of the injury and perform a physical exam to test knee stability. Imaging may include X-rays to assess for fractures and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the menisci and the extent of the ligament tear. Treatment options range from non-surgical care to surgical reconstruction. Non-surgical care includes bracing, activity modification, and a structured physical therapy program to regain strength and motion. Surgical reconstruction uses a graft to replace the torn ligament when knee stability is required for regular activities or sports. Rehabilitation after either approach focuses on restoring strength, balance, and function. ## Recovery And Prevention Recovery depends on the treatment chosen and the presence of other knee injuries. Rehabilitation is essential to restore muscle control and protect the knee as you return to normal activities. Progress is gradual and guided by your orthopaedic team to reduce the chance of re-injury. To lower your risk of an ACL tear, focus on strengthening the muscles around the knee, improving balance and landing technique, and using sport-specific training to reduce risky movements. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Conditions, Knee, Knee Conditions **Area:** General Orthopaedics, Knee --- ### [ACL Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/acl-surgery/) **Published:** December 8, 2021 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** The anterior cruciate ligament is one of the main structures of the knee, connecting the femur (thigh bone) to the tibia (shin bone). A torn ACL is a common injury for athletes, whether a partial or complete tear. Partial tears, depending on the severity, can be treated without surgery. Complete tears often require ACL surgery to reconstruct the ligament with tissue elsewhere in the body. ACL surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates involves much more than the surgery itself. We have a staff of sports medicine physicians, orthopaedic surgeons, and physical therapists that will see you through your diagnosis, treatment, and recovery from start to finish. ## ACL Tear Diagnosis Patients with possible ACL tears will experience pain, swelling, and limited movement in the knee. You can heal a partial tear without surgery if proper treatment is carried out. Complete tears require surgery. Our Sports Medicine physicians at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can determine whether you have a partial or complete tear through digital imaging and x-rays and two manual tests: Lachman Test: The physician tries to pull the tibia away from the femur. A partially torn ACL will still keep the bones from moving far apart, if at all. Pivot Shift Test: While the patient is on his back, the doctor lifts the leg and rotates it at the knee. If the bones shift, the ACL is likely torn. ![candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Moscwa-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-22-1024x683.jpg "candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-39-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-27-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## ACL Surgery: When and How ACL surgery usually doesn’t happen right away. It’s best to let the inflammation and swelling subside first. Most surgeries are scheduled for 3-6 weeks after the injury. Performing the surgery too early can lead to complications such as arthrofibrosis, where excessive scar tissue grows in the area. However, we must do surgery within six months to achieve the best results. During surgery, the surgeon takes replacement tissue from the patient’s hamstring, quadriceps, or patellar tendon. In some cases, tissue from an organ donor is used, called an allograft. The type of tissue used is determined case by case. Most ACL surgeries are performed arthroscopically, which is minimally invasive and allows for faster healing and recovery. Small incisions are used for the insertion of a camera and small instruments. A larger incision is used to take the tissue graft. The graft includes a piece of bone on each end which serves as the anchor. Those pieces of bone are screwed into the tibia and femur to lock the new ACL into place, and they eventually fuse with the bones around them. Once the repair is made, the patient can usually go home the same day. ## ACL Surgery Recovery Patients can begin walking with crutches and a leg brace soon after surgery, usually the same day. The patient starts a rehabilitation program to restore strength and stability within a few days. Athletes undergoing ACL reconstruction surgery usually have to wait 6-9 months to return to their sport. Patients will start with our physical therapists on range-of-motion and strengthening exercises. After about four months, patients will begin running exercises to improve mobility and endurance. Pivoting movements would start about five months for further range of motion. After that, the patient can start working out in their sport. We can counter any pain after surgery and during treatment with a medication regimen. Recovery depends on the patient, the severity of the injury, and the willingness of the patient to stick to their physical therapy and rehabilitation routines. **Tags:** Procedures, Sports Medicine **Area:** Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Plantar Fasciitis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/plantar-fasciitis-2/) **Published:** September 23, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Excerpt:** Plantar fasciitis is a prevalent condition that leads to heel pain due to irritation of the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue connecting the heel to the toes. Symptoms include pain with the first steps in the morning and tenderness at the bottom of the heel. Causes may range from overuse, foot structure issues, to inappropriate footwear. **Content:** # Plantar Fasciitis Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of heel pain that involves irritation of the thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot, often due to degenerative changes rather than pure inflammation. It affects the plantar fascia, which connects the heel bone to the toes and helps support the arch of the foot. People often develop plantar fasciitis after repetitive stress to the foot, changes in activity, or problems with foot mechanics. Pain is usually worst with the first steps after resting and can limit daily activities. ![plantar,fasciitis,vector,illustration.,labeled,human,feet,sport,disorder,diagram.](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/shutterstock_1276337041-1024x844.jpg "plantar,fasciitis,vector,illustration.,labeled,human,feet,sport,disorder,diagram. - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")--- ## What You Should Know About Plantar Fasciitis? Plantar fasciitis is an overuse injury of the connective tissue on the sole of the foot. The plantar fascia helps absorb shock and supports the arch; when it is overloaded it can develop small tears and degenerative changes that cause pain near the heel. Most people improve with simple self-care such as stretching, changes in footwear, and activity modification. When pain persists or limits everyday tasks, orthopaedic evaluation can identify mechanical factors and recommend targeted treatments. --- ## What Causes Plantar Fasciitis? - **Overuse from repetitive stress** Repeated impact or prolonged standing can strain the plantar fascia and lead to irritation and pain. - **Tight calf muscles or Achilles tendon** Limited ankle motion increases stress on the plantar fascia when you walk or run. - **Flat feet or high arches** Abnormal foot mechanics change how force is distributed across the plantar fascia. - **Sudden increase in activity** A rapid rise in walking, running, or stair climbing can overload the tissue. - **Inappropriate footwear** Shoes that lack arch support or cushioning can increase tension on the plantar fascia. - **Excess body weight** Additional weight places more strain on the plantar fascia during standing and walking. --- ## What Are the Symptoms of Plantar Fasciitis? 1. **Pain with first steps in the morning** 2. **Sharp or aching heel pain with activity** 3. **Tenderness at the bottom of the heel** 4. **Difficulty with high-impact activities** --- ## When to Seek Orthopaedic Care for Plantar Fasciitis - **Persistent pain despite self-care** If symptoms do not improve after a few weeks of rest, stretching, and supportive shoes, an orthopaedic evaluation can identify underlying problems. - **Severe or worsening pain** Intense pain that limits walking or daily tasks should be assessed to rule out other conditions. - **Visible foot deformity** Changes in foot shape or a new limp may signal mechanical issues that need specialist care. - **Numbness or tingling** Nerve symptoms alongside heel pain may require further testing and targeted treatment. - **Recurrent symptoms** If pain keeps returning after treatment, a specialist can recommend additional options to reduce the chance of recurrence. --- This information is provided by Princeton Orthopaedic Associates and is intended to help you understand plantar fasciitis. It does not replace professional medical advice tailored to your situation. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Conditions, Foot, Foot and Ankle **Area:** Foot and Ankle, General Orthopaedics, Sports Medicine --- ### [Hip Bursitis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/general-orthopaedics/hip-bursitis/) **Published:** September 23, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Excerpt:** Hip bursitis is characterized by inflammation of the bursae around the hip joint, leading to pain and discomfort. It is commonly triggered by repetitive movements or direct trauma and can be managed effectively through conservative treatment options. **Content:** # Hip Bursitis Hip bursitis is inflammation of the small, cushion-like sacs called bursae that sit around the hip joint. These bursae help soft tissues glide smoothly over bone, and when they become irritated you may feel pain, swelling, and stiffness on the outside of the hip. The condition often results from repetitive motion, pressure, or a direct bump to the hip. Many people improve with simple treatments such as rest, medication, physical therapy, and targeted injections under orthopaedic care. --- ## What You Should Know About Hip Bursitis? Hip bursitis most commonly affects the greater trochanteric bursa on the outside of the hip. It can make walking, sleeping on the affected side, and activities that involve hip motion uncomfortable. The pain is often sharp or burning and tends to worsen with prolonged standing, climbing stairs, or running. Doctors usually diagnose hip bursitis from your history and a physical exam. Imaging such as X-rays or ultrasound may be used to rule out other causes. Many patients respond well to conservative care provided by an orthopaedic team like Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, while more persistent cases can be treated with injections or minor procedures. --- ## What Causes Hip Bursitis? - **Repetitive Friction and Overuse** - Repeating the same hip movements, such as running or cycling, can irritate the bursa over time. - **Direct Trauma** - A fall or a hard blow to the outer hip can inflame the bursa. - **Abnormal Biomechanics** - Differences in leg length, poor gait, or weak hip muscles can increase pressure on the bursa. - **Underlying Joint Problems** - Conditions such as arthritis can alter joint mechanics and contribute to bursitis. - **Previous Surgery or Scarring** - Surgical changes around the hip can affect soft tissues and increase risk of inflammation. --- ## What Are the Symptoms of Hip Bursitis? 1. **Pain on the Outside of the Hip** 2. **Pain That Radiates** 3. **Worsening Pain at Night** 4. **Stiffness or Decreased Range of Motion** 5. **Swelling or Warmth** --- ## When to Seek Orthopaedic Care for Hip Bursitis - **Severe or Worsening Pain** - If your pain becomes intense or steadily increases despite home care, see an orthopaedic specialist for evaluation and treatment. - **Night Pain That Interrupts Sleep** - Persistent pain that prevents sleeping on the affected side may need professional treatment. - **Numbness or Weakness** - New numbness, tingling, or weakness in the leg should be checked to rule out nerve involvement. - **Symptoms That Last More Than a Few Weeks** - If conservative measures do not improve symptoms after several weeks, orthopaedic care can provide additional options. - **Signs of Infection** - If the hip becomes very red, hot, swollen, or you develop a fever, seek immediate medical attention to rule out infection. --- ## Diagnosis and Treatment Options Your orthopaedic provider will examine your hip, watch how you walk, and test motion to find the source of pain. Imaging such as X-ray or ultrasound may be used to exclude other problems like arthritis or tendon tears. Initial treatment usually focuses on reducing pain and inflammation. Typical steps include activity modification, ice, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, and a guided physical therapy program to strengthen hip muscles. If symptoms persist, a cortisone injection into the bursa can provide relief. Surgery is rarely needed and is reserved for cases that do not respond to conservative care. --- ## What to Expect During Recovery Recovery time varies with severity and treatment. Many people see meaningful improvement within a few weeks of starting conservative care, while others may need several months of physical therapy and gradual activity increase. Injections can speed symptom relief, and most patients regain normal function with proper rehabilitation. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates provides orthopaedic evaluation and individualized plans to manage hip bursitis and help you return to your daily activities with less pain. Your provider will discuss realistic timelines based on your specific situation. --- ### Questions to Ask Your Orthopaedic Provider - What is likely causing my hip pain? - Which treatments do you recommend first? - How long before I can return to my normal activities? - Are injections appropriate for my case? If you have persistent hip pain, schedule an evaluation so we can recommend the safest and most effective steps for recovery. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Conditions, Hip **Area:** General Orthopaedics, Hip --- ### [MCL Tear](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/general-orthopaedics/mcl-tear/) **Published:** September 23, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Excerpt:** Understanding MCL tears, which involve injury to the medial collateral ligament, is essential for effective treatment and recovery. Symptoms include knee pain, swelling, and instability. **Content:** # MCL Tear An MCL tear is an injury to the medial collateral ligament, the band of tissue along the inside of the knee that helps keep the joint stable. It affects the ligament and nearby soft tissues in the knee and most often happens during sports, falls, or sudden twisting movements. ## What You Should Know About MCL Tear? An MCL tear ranges from a mild stretch or partial tear to a complete rupture. Mild injuries often respond well to rest, bracing, and physical therapy while more severe tears can cause knee instability and may require a longer recovery plan. Diagnosis usually includes a physical exam and may include imaging to check for other knee injuries. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates we evaluate your knee, explain treatment options, and coordinate a recovery plan that matches your activity level and goals. ## What Causes MCL Tear? - **Direct blow to the outside of the knee:** A force applied to the outer knee pushes the joint inward and strains the MCL. - **Twisting or pivoting motions:** Sudden changes in direction while the foot is planted can stress or tear the ligament. - **Contact sports:** Activities like football, soccer, or hockey raise the chance of collisions and awkward impacts that injure the MCL. - **Falls or awkward landings:** Landing unevenly from a jump or falling can place excessive force on the inside of the knee. ## What Are the Symptoms of MCL Tear? 1. **Pain along the inside of the knee** - The pain is usually localized to the inner knee and may be sharp at the time of injury or a dull ache afterward. 2. **Tenderness to touch** - You may feel sensitivity when pressing along the medial side of the knee, especially near the ligament. 3. **Swelling** - The knee may swell soon after the injury, making it stiff and harder to bend fully. 4. **Instability or giving way** - Some people notice the knee feels loose or that it may give out when walking or changing direction. 5. **Difficulty bearing weight** - Walking or putting full weight on the injured leg can be painful or uncomfortable, depending on severity. ## When to Seek Orthopaedic Care for MCL Tear - **Severe pain or swelling:** Significant pain, rapid swelling, or bruising after an injury should prompt an evaluation to rule out a serious tear or other damage. - **Inability to walk or bear weight:** If you cannot walk or stand on the injured leg without severe pain, seek orthopaedic care for assessment and support. - **Feeling of instability:** If your knee feels like it will give way during normal activity, a specialist can assess ligament integrity and recommend treatment. - **Symptoms that do not improve:** If pain, swelling, or limited motion continues after several weeks of home care, see an orthopaedic clinician for further evaluation. - **High-level athletes or recurrent injuries:** If you need to return to sport or have repeated knee problems, an orthopaedic team can help plan safe rehab and prevention strategies. Treatment commonly starts with rest, ice, compression, and elevation, along with bracing and targeted physical therapy to restore strength and motion. Surgical repair is less common but may be considered for severe tears or when other knee structures are injured. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Conditions, Knee, Knee Conditions **Area:** General Orthopaedics, Knee --- ### [Meniscus Tear](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/general-orthopaedics/meniscus-tear/) **Published:** September 23, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Excerpt:** A meniscus tear is an injury affecting the cartilage in the knee joint, often caused by sudden twists or degenerative wear. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and instability. Diagnosis may involve physical exams and imaging, while treatment options range from conservative care to surgery. **Content:** # Meniscus Tear A meniscus tear is an injury to one of the two C-shaped pieces of cartilage that cushion and stabilize your knee joint. These cartilage structures sit between the thighbone and shinbone and help your knee absorb shock and move smoothly. Meniscus tears can happen from a single injury or develop over time from repetitive stress. You may notice pain, swelling, catching, or difficulty bending and straightening the knee. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, our orthopaedic specialists help diagnose the cause of your knee pain and guide treatment options that fit your lifestyle. ## What You Should Know About Meniscus Tear The meniscus is a vital shock absorber and stabilizer in the knee. A tear can occur in different locations and patterns, which affects how it heals and what treatments are best. Some tears are small and respond well to rest and physical therapy, while others cause ongoing symptoms that require procedures. Diagnosis usually includes a physical exam and imaging such as X-rays and/or MRI to evaluate the knee; MRI assesses the cartilage and surrounding soft tissues, while X-rays evaluate bone. Treatment ranges from activity modification and rehabilitation to arthroscopic surgery when symptoms persist or the tear threatens joint health. Recovery depends on the type of tear and the treatment chosen. ## What Causes Meniscus Tear? - **Sudden Twisting or Pivoting:** A sharp turn or twist of the knee, often during sports, can tear the meniscus. - **Direct Impact:** A blow to the knee in a fall or collision can damage the meniscus. - **Degenerative Wear:** Over time the meniscus can weaken and develop small tears from regular use and age-related changes. - **Combined Injuries:** Tears may accompany ligament injuries, such as an anterior cruciate ligament sprain, increasing the chance of cartilage damage. ## What Are the Symptoms of Meniscus Tear? 1. **Pain:** - Pain is often felt along the joint line where the tear is located and may worsen with twisting or deep squatting. 2. **Swelling:** - Swelling can develop within a few hours or appear gradually over a day, depending on the injury. 3. **Stiffness and Limited Motion:** - Your knee may feel stiff and you could have trouble fully straightening or bending it. 4. **Locking or Catching Sensation:** - A piece of torn cartilage can catch between joint surfaces, making it feel like the knee is stuck or slipping. 5. **Instability or Weakness:** - Some people feel the knee may give way, especially with turning movements or sudden direction changes. ## How Orthopaedic Doctors Diagnose a Meniscus Tear During your visit we will take a detailed history and examine your knee for tenderness, range of motion, joint line pain, and special tests that reproduce symptoms. We may order imaging to confirm the diagnosis and check for other problems. X-rays show bone alignment and help rule out arthritis or fractures but do not show the meniscus. MRI provides clear images of soft tissues like cartilage and is often used when symptoms suggest a tear that may need surgical consideration. ## Treatment Options for Meniscus Tear Treatment starts with the least invasive options and moves toward procedures only if symptoms continue. Your orthopaedic specialist will recommend a plan based on the tear type, your activity level, and your goals. - **Conservative Care:** Rest, ice, compression, and elevation reduce symptoms. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications and a guided physical therapy program help restore motion and strength. - **Injections:** In some cases, corticosteroid or other injections are used to reduce inflammation while you rehabilitate the knee. - **Arthroscopic Surgery:** When conservative measures do not relieve symptoms, arthroscopic procedures can trim or repair the torn meniscus. Repair is preferred when the tear is in a part of the meniscus that can heal. - **Meniscectomy:** Partial removal of the damaged meniscus tissue may be chosen for tears that cannot be repaired, focusing on preserving as much cartilage as possible. Recovery times vary. After nonoperative care you may resume many activities in weeks, while surgical recovery depends on whether the meniscus was repaired or trimmed and on your rehabilitation progress. ## When to Seek Orthopaedic Care for Meniscus Tear - **Persistent Pain and Swelling:** If pain or swelling does not improve after a few weeks of home care, an orthopaedic evaluation can determine the cause and next steps. - **Locking or Inability to Move the Knee:** If your knee becomes locked or you cannot fully bend or straighten it, seek care promptly because a mechanical problem may need treatment. - **Instability or Frequent Giving Way:** Repeated episodes of the knee giving way raise concern for significant cartilage or ligament injury and should be assessed. - **Symptoms After a Traumatic Injury:** If symptoms begin after a fall, collision, or a forceful twist, an early orthopaedic exam helps identify damage that may benefit from timely treatment. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates we take a patient-centered approach. We explain the findings, review treatment options, and work with you to select the plan that best restores your function and reduces long-term joint risk. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Conditions, Knee, Knee Conditions **Area:** General Orthopaedics, Knee --- ### [Achilles Tendon Rupture](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/achilles-tendon-rupture/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** # What is Achilles Tendon Rupture? Just as the hero Achilles was vulnerable to attack at his heel, so are you. Medicine recognizes tendon tear, also known as Achilles Tendon Rupture (ATR), as a complete or partial tear that occurs when the tendon is stretched beyond its capacity. Forceful jumping or pivoting, or sudden accelerations of running, can overstretch the tendon and cause a tear. An injury to the tendon can also result from falling or tripping. ## What Causes Achilles Tendon Rupture? The Achilles tendon can rupture suddenly, usually due to strenuous athletic activity but sometimes as a result of gradual wear. Such a rupture should be treated immediately to prevent loss of strength and weakening. There are a variety of treatment options for an achilles tendon rupture, and the decision on how to best regain strength and mobility is an individual one. Patients who aren’t active in sports likely won’t need surgery on an Achilles rupture if they aren’t experiencing pain or have decided to take it easy. Generally, the patients who are most likely to benefit from surgical intervention are those who engage in sports or lead a more active lifestyle. ## Signs and Symptoms of Achilles Tendon Rupture If you’re experiencing one or more of the following symptoms, you may have a ruptured Achilles tendon. - Sudden pain in the back of your ankle or calf. This often feels like a kick or sharp stabbing pain, which subsides into a dull ache. - A popping or snapping sensation at the back of your ankle. - Swelling on the back of the leg between your heel and calf - Difficulty walking and/or rising up on the toes, especially while walking upstairs or uphill Whether the source of the issue is Achilles Tendon Rupture or another cause, these symptoms are serious ones that require prompt medical attention to prevent further damage. Until you are able to see a doctor to diagnose the source of your pain, the RICE method (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) should be used. Contact us immediately if you hear a pop in your heel, especially if you can't walk properly afterward. ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-37-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Stier-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-28-1024x683.jpg "candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 51](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-51-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 51 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## How Is Achilles Tendon Rupture Diagnosed? The good news is that diagnosing an Achilles tendon rupture is typically a straightforward process. In some cases, however, the surgeon may order an MRI or other advanced imaging tests to rule out possible fracture. To diagnose an Achilles tendon rupture, the foot and ankle surgeon will start by asking questions about how and when the injury occurred and whether the patient has previously injured this particular ligament or experienced similar symptoms. Next, the surgeon will examine the foot and ankle, feeling for any defect in the tendon that may indicate a tear. Your surgeon will evaluate your range of motion and muscle strength in comparison to the uninjured foot and ankle. One clear indication that a patient has sustained an Achilles tendon rupture is that he or she will have less strength in pushing down (as on a gas pedal) and will have difficulty rising up onto their toes. ## Treatment for Achilles Tendon Rupture The Achilles tendon is vulnerable to tearing and slow healing. If a completely torn Achilles tendon is not treated properly, it may heal with scar tissue resulting in stiffness or weakness that hampers daily activities such as walking, let alone running or other athletic activities. The two main treatment options are surgery or casting. The decision of whether to proceed with surgery or nonsurgical treatment is an individual one. Some of the factors to consider are the severity of the rupture, as well as the patient’s health status, activity level, and mobility goals. ### Casting The goal of casting is to keep the foot and ankle in proper alignment and to bring the torn ends of the tendon in proximity. Slowly, casting will allow the tendon to heal without using invasive surgical techniques. On average, it is necessary to wear a cast or brace for up to 12 weeks or more. One of the biggest benefits of casting is that by avoiding surgery, you can reduce the risks of skin breakdown or infection. The drawback is that the tendon rarely regains full strength or endurance without surgery, and there is a higher risk of re-rupture in the future. ### Surgery The surgical treatment of Achilles tendon ruptures is associated with quicker healing and increased strength of the repaired tendon when compared to traditional casting techniques. Unfortunately, surgery remains relatively more risky due to the potential for painful skin breakdowns and infections which tend to be more likely during surgeries than with other treatments. Such complications can occur due to swelling around the injury and the relatively poor blood supply in the area of the surgery. ## How do I prevent Achilles Tendon Rupture? If you feel you might be at risk for Achilles tendon problems, we recommend follow the tips below to help prevent injury: - Stretch and strengthen calf muscles. It’s important to listen to your body during stretches. When you stretch your calf, you should feel a noticeable pull — but not pain. Remember not to bounce during a stretch. You can also try calf-strengthening exercises to help the muscle and tendon absorb more force, thus preventing injury. - Vary your exercises. If you’re a fan of high-impact sports (like running), it’s important to alternate these intense activities with low-impact sports, such as walking, biking or swimming. - Limit running on hard or slippery surfaces or avoid it altogether. Wear comfortable, supportive athletic shoes with proper cushioning in the heels. - Increase intensity slowly. Achilles tendon injuries happen most often as a result of an abrupt increase in activity or intensity. Remember the 10% rule — increase the distance, duration and frequency of your training by no more than 10 percent every week. **Tags:** Ankle, Conditions, Foot **Area:** Foot and Ankle **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Elbow Arthroscopy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/elbow-arthroscopy/) **Published:** September 22, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Elbow arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure for diagnosing and treating elbow joint issues. It uses small instruments to address problems with cartilage, ligaments, and other soft tissues, offering less pain and quicker recovery than open surgery. **Content:** # Elbow Arthroscopy Elbow arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that helps diagnose and treat problems inside the elbow joint. It uses a small camera and tiny instruments inserted through small cuts to view and fix issues with bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, or other soft tissues. This approach often causes less pain and scarring than open surgery, and it can speed recovery for many patients. We use elbow arthroscopy when conservative care, like rest and physical therapy, has not relieved symptoms from arthritis, loose fragments, stiffness, or certain injuries. It is not always the best choice for very large fractures, severe instability, or an active skin infection at the surgical site, which may require open surgery or other treatments. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we evaluate your elbow carefully to decide if arthroscopy is appropriate for your situation. Your surgeon will review alternatives and expected outcomes before recommending this procedure. ## Elbow Arthroscopy Details Elbow arthroscopy involves inserting an arthroscope, a thin tube with a camera and light, into the elbow joint through a small incision. The camera projects images to a monitor, so the surgeon can see the joint surfaces, cartilage, ligaments, and nearby soft tissues. Tiny surgical tools are inserted through other small incisions to remove loose bone or cartilage fragments, smooth rough surfaces, trim inflamed tissue, or release scar tissue that limits motion. It can also help diagnose causes of pain or stiffness that are not clear on imaging tests. The procedure treats conditions such as early arthritis, cartilage damage, trapped tissue, and some sports injuries. It is usually recommended when nonoperative care has not helped, or when a direct look inside the joint will guide better treatment. Elbow arthroscopy is not recommended when a large open repair is needed, when the joint is grossly unstable, or when there is an untreated infection at the surgical site. ## What Elbow Arthroscopy Includes The procedure is most often done with the patient under general anesthesia, though some cases use regional blocks combined with light sedation. The surgeon makes a few small incisions, called portals, to place the arthroscope and instruments; a sterile fluid is used to expand the joint and improve visibility. Through the camera, the surgeon inspects the inside of the elbow and treats problems such as removing loose fragments, shaving damaged cartilage, or releasing tight tissue that limits motion. Because the incisions are small, tissues around the joint are less disturbed than with open surgery, which can mean less pain and scarring. Many patients can go home the same day and begin guided rehabilitation sooner. Your surgeon will explain the exact steps planned for your elbow, and why arthroscopy is chosen over other options. ## Elbow Arthroscopy Recovery After elbow arthroscopy, you will have small dressings over the portal sites and may use a sling for comfort for a short time. You will receive instructions for wound care, pain control, and early motion exercises to reduce stiffness; gentle movement is important to protect joint mobility. Most patients begin a supervised physical therapy program within a few days to weeks, depending on the procedure performed. Recovery time varies by the extent of the repair and your overall health. Many people return to light activities within a few weeks, while full return to heavy lifting or sports can take several months. Factors that can lengthen recovery include smoking, diabetes, poor nutrition, advanced arthritis, or the need for a larger repair during surgery. Your care team at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates will provide a personalized recovery plan and timelines based on your specific procedure. ## Benefits and Possible Risks Primary benefits of elbow arthroscopy include smaller incisions, less muscle and tissue trauma, less pain after surgery, quicker recovery compared with many open procedures, and the ability to both diagnose and treat problems in the same session. The procedure can improve motion, reduce pain from loose fragments or scar tissue, and help manage certain early arthritic changes in the joint. As with any surgery, there are risks. These include infection, nerve or blood vessel injury near the elbow, persistent pain, stiffness, and blood clots. In some cases the procedure may not fully relieve symptoms, and additional treatment could be needed. Your surgeon will discuss risks specific to your health and the planned intervention. ## Elbow Arthroscopy Patient Guidance Before the procedure, your care team will give you instructions such as stopping certain medications that increase bleeding, arranging a ride home, and fasting if general anesthesia is planned. These instructions are general, and you should consult your surgeon or primary care provider for details that apply to you. Please follow the specific directions from Princeton Orthopaedic Associates to reduce risk and support recovery. During recovery, expect to limit heavy lifting and overhead work for a period recommended by your surgeon, and plan for follow-up visits and physical therapy sessions. You may need to modify daily tasks and work duties temporarily to protect the healing joint. Following your post-op plan closely gives you the best chance for a good outcome. ## Elbow Arthroscopy Quick FAQ's How long is recovery after elbow arthroscopy? Most patients see improvement in weeks, but full recovery can take several months depending on the procedure and individual factors. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Elbow, Orthopaedic Treatments, Orthopedic Treatments, Procedures, treatment, Treatments **Area:** Elbow --- ### [Cervical Disc Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/cervical-disc-replacement/) **Published:** September 22, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Cervical disc replacement involves removing a damaged disc in the neck and replacing it with an artificial disc to alleviate pain and restore movement. This procedure is considered when nonsurgical options have not been effective, and it is designed to maintain motion at the treated level. **Content:** # Cervical Disc Replacement If neck pain or arm pain from a damaged disc is keeping you from the activities you enjoy, cervical disc replacement may be an option. This treatment replaces a worn or injured disc in the neck with an artificial disc to relieve pressure on nerves and restore motion. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we evaluate each person to see if this procedure fits their needs and health. The decision depends on the cause of your symptoms, the number of discs involved, and other health factors. Cervical disc replacement is not suitable for everyone, so a careful exam and imaging tests guide the plan. Below we explain what the procedure involves, how recovery usually goes, and practical steps to prepare. ## Cervical Disc Replacement Details Cervical disc replacement is a surgical procedure that removes a damaged disc in the neck and places an artificial disc in its place. The cervical spine includes seven vertebrae in the neck that are separated by discs, which are soft tissues that cushion the bones and allow movement. When a disc bulges or degenerates, it can press on nearby nerves or the spinal cord, causing pain, numbness, or weakness in the neck, shoulders, or arms. The goal of replacement is to relieve that pressure while keeping normal motion at the treated level, unlike some other surgeries that fuse the bones together. We typically consider disc replacement when non-surgical care such as medication, physical therapy, or injections has not eased symptoms. It is usually offered for one or two symptomatic levels in patients with specific kinds of disc disease. This treatment is not recommended for people with significant instability of the spine, severe arthritis of the facet joints, active infection, or very weak bone quality; your surgeon will review these factors with you. ## General Treatment Approach The procedure is most often done through a small incision at the front of the neck. The damaged disc is removed carefully, taking pressure off the spinal cord and nerve roots. An artificial disc device, made from metal and/or medical-grade plastic, is then placed between the vertebrae to restore height and permit motion. Surgeons use imaging such as X-rays or fluoroscopy during the operation to position the device precisely. The approach is designed to minimize disruption to muscles and other soft tissues, which can help reduce blood loss and scarring compared with larger open surgeries. Because the artificial disc preserves movement at the treated level, it can lessen added stress on adjacent levels of the spine. The operation is typically shorter than some fusion procedures, and many people go home within a day when their medical team confirms they are stable. Your surgeon will explain which implants are being used and the reasons for choosing them based on your anatomy and symptoms. ## Recovery After Cervical Disc Replacement After surgery, you can expect some neck soreness and stiffness for a few weeks. Most people begin gentle neck movement soon after surgery, following specific instructions from the surgical team, and avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activities for several weeks. Physical therapy often starts within a few weeks to help restore strength, posture, and range of motion. Full recovery varies, but many patients see steady improvement over six weeks to three months, while others may continue to improve for up to a year. Factors such as smoking, uncontrolled diabetes, obesity, or treatment at multiple spinal levels can lengthen recovery time. ## Benefits and Possible Risks Primary benefits of cervical disc replacement include relief of nerve pain, restoration of motion at the treated level, and avoiding a spinal fusion, which limits movement. Keeping motion may also reduce stress on nearby levels of the spine and lower the chance of future problems there. As with any surgery, there are risks to consider. These include infection, bleeding, blood clots, and a reaction to anesthesia. Specific risks for neck surgery include injury to nerves or blood vessels, persistent pain, stiffness, or device-related problems. Your surgeon at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates will review the risks and benefits in the context of your health and imaging findings. ## Preparing for Treatment and What to Expect at Home Before surgery, your care team will give instructions about medications, tests, and fasting. You may be asked to stop certain blood-thinning medicines before the operation. Arrange for a friend or family member to drive you home and stay with you for the first 24 to 48 hours. These notes are general information only and do not replace advice from your doctor. During recovery, daily life often includes limited bending and lifting, short walks, and following a home exercise plan. Most people can return to light desk work after a few weeks, and to more physical jobs as cleared by their surgeon. Following post-op instructions closely helps support the best outcome. ## Quick FAQ's Will I keep my neck motion after a cervical disc replacement? Many patients retain motion at the treated level, but motion varies by person and depends on healing and the device used. --- ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Orthopaedic Treatments, Orthopedic Treatments, Procedures, Spine, treatment, Treatments **Area:** Spine --- ### [Lumbar Disc Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/lumbar-disc-replacement/) **Published:** September 22, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Learn about lumbar disc replacement surgery, a procedure that offers potential relief from low back pain caused by damaged discs. This guide discusses candidates, recovery, and benefits. **Content:** # Lumbar Disc Replacement If back pain from a damaged disc limits your daily life, lumbar disc replacement may be an option to consider. This page explains what the procedure is, who may benefit, and what recovery looks like. We write this for adults in their 40s considering orthopaedic care, and we present the information in plain language. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is available to answer questions specific to your situation. Remember that this page gives general information and you should talk with a doctor about your individual needs. ## Lumbar Disc Replacement Lumbar disc replacement is a surgical procedure that removes a damaged intervertebral disc in the lower spine and replaces it with an artificial disc. The intervertebral disc is a soft, cushion-like structure between the bones of the spine, which are called vertebrae; the disc helps absorb shock and allows motion. This treatment is usually considered for degenerative disc disease, where a disc has worn down and causes persistent low back pain despite conservative care like physical therapy, medication, and injections. The procedure focuses on the bones and soft tissues of the spine rather than ligaments or tendons. It is performed to relieve pain, preserve motion at the treated level, and avoid the stiffness that can come with fusion surgery. Not everyone is a candidate; disc replacement is not recommended for people with severe osteoporosis, active infection, certain deformities, or multi-level disease where multiple discs are affected. Your orthopaedic surgeon will evaluate imaging studies and your overall health to decide if disc replacement is appropriate for you. ## What Lumbar Disc Replacement Includes The surgeon makes a small incision, most often in the front of the abdomen, to reach the damaged disc without cutting through major back muscles. The damaged disc material is removed and the space between the adjacent vertebrae is prepared to accept the artificial disc. The implant is positioned between the vertebrae to restore height and allow controlled motion at that spinal level. Surgeons use imaging and specialized tools to place the artificial disc precisely. Many artificial discs are made of metal and medical-grade plastic, designed to replicate the natural movement of a healthy disc. When appropriate, the procedure can be less disruptive than traditional fusion surgery, because it aims to preserve movement and limit damage to surrounding tissues. ## Lumbar Disc Replacement Recovery After surgery you will spend a short time in a recovery area before going home or to an inpatient room, depending on your surgeon's plan. Early recovery focuses on pain control, safe walking, and wound care. Most patients begin gentle walking and light activities within days, but avoid heavy lifting and bending for several weeks. Physical therapy typically starts a few weeks after surgery to rebuild core strength, improve flexibility, and teach safe body mechanics. Full recovery varies, often taking several weeks to a few months for most daily activities and up to six months for full rehabilitation. Factors that can slow recovery include smoking, obesity, uncontrolled medical conditions, or work that requires heavy physical tasks. ## Benefits and Risks of Disc Replacement Primary benefits of lumbar disc replacement may include relief from disc-related low back pain, preservation of movement at the treated spinal level, and a lower chance of adjacent segment stiffness compared with fusion. Some patients report a quicker return to normal activities when compared with traditional fusion surgery. Possible risks include infection, bleeding, blood clots, damage to nearby nerves or blood vessels, implant problems, stiffness, or continued pain. Any surgery has risks tied to anesthesia and your overall health. Your surgeon will review risks specific to you and explain how they compare to the possible benefits. ## Patient Guidance Before and After Surgery Before surgery you may be asked to stop certain medications, arrange transportation for the day of the procedure, and follow fasting instructions. Your clinical team will give specific preoperative instructions tailored to your health and the planned procedure. These are general guidelines, and you should consult your surgeon for directions specific to you. During recovery you will likely need to limit lifting, twisting, and heavy physical work for several weeks. You may return to light desk work sooner, depending on pain and mobility. Following instructions from Princeton Orthopaedic Associates and your physical therapist helps improve the chance of a good outcome and reduces the risk of complications. ## Lumbar Disc Replacement Quick FAQs - Who is a candidate? You may be a candidate if a single damaged lumbar disc causes persistent low back pain and conservative care has not helped. - How long is the hospital stay? Many patients go home the same day or after one night, but this varies by case. - Will I regain normal motion? The goal is to preserve movement at the treated level, though individual results vary. - When can I return to work? Return depends on job demands and recovery; light work may resume in a few weeks while heavy work may require longer. For questions about whether lumbar disc replacement is right for you, please contact Princeton Orthopaedic Associates to arrange an evaluation. Your surgeon can review imaging, discuss risks and benefits, and help you decide on the best treatment for your condition. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Orthopaedic Treatments, Orthopedic Treatments, Procedures, Spine, treatment, Treatments **Area:** Spine --- ### [Sacroiliac Joint Fusion](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/sacroiliac-joint-fusion/) **Published:** September 22, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Sacroiliac joint fusion is a surgical procedure aimed at reducing motion and pain in the sacroiliac joint. This treatment is typically considered when conservative measures have failed, and aims to improve daily function while ensuring a shorter recovery time. **Content:** # Sacroiliac Joint Fusion If you have persistent low back, buttock, or hip pain that has not responded to rest, therapy, or injections, sacroiliac joint fusion may be an option to consider. This procedure is aimed at reducing motion and pain in the sacroiliac joint, which connects the base of the spine to the pelvis. The treatment is usually considered only after conservative care has failed. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates we help you understand whether fusion is appropriate for your situation. The goal is to lessen pain and improve daily function while keeping recovery time as short as possible. ## Sacroiliac Joint Fusion Details The sacroiliac joint sits between the sacrum, which is the triangular bone at the base of your spine, and the ilium, which is part of the pelvis. Ligaments and small muscles help stabilize the joint. When the joint becomes a source of pain, it can come from arthritis, injury, or abnormal motion. Sacroiliac joint fusion is a surgical treatment that joins the sacrum and ilium so the joint no longer moves, which can reduce pain. It is recommended for people with clear sacroiliac joint pain that has not improved with physical therapy, medications, or injections. This procedure is not recommended when the pain comes from another source, such as a herniated disc or hip joint disease that has not been addressed. It is also not appropriate for people who have active infection near the joint, or those who are not medically cleared for surgery. Your orthopaedic surgeon will evaluate imaging and response to diagnostic injections to determine if the sacroiliac joint is the source of pain. ## What Sacroiliac Joint Fusion Includes Sacroiliac joint fusion is most often performed using a minimally invasive approach. Small incisions are made, and specialized implants or bone graft material are placed across the joint to encourage the sacrum and ilium to grow together. Minimally invasive techniques use smaller cuts, X-ray guidance, and instruments that limit damage to nearby muscles and soft tissues. The implants or graft act as a bridge that stabilizes the joint while new bone forms. Over time the joint becomes solid and stops moving, which can relieve pain caused by abnormal motion or arthritis. Because the incision and soft tissue disruption are smaller with the minimally invasive approach, patients typically have less blood loss, shorter hospital stays, and shorter initial recovery than with large open surgeries. ## Sacroiliac Joint Fusion Recovery After surgery you can expect to spend a short time in a recovery area and then either go home the same day or stay overnight, depending on your surgeon's plan. Early activity focuses on walking and avoiding positions that stress the fusion site. Your team will give specific instructions about sitting, bending, lifting, and driving. Physical therapy is commonly used in the weeks after surgery to restore strength and normal movement. Full fusion and the best pain relief can take several months. Factors that can slow recovery include smoking, diabetes, obesity, and other medical problems, so your surgeon will discuss ways to reduce those risks before and after surgery. ## Benefits and Risks of Sacroiliac Joint Fusion Primary benefits of sacroiliac joint fusion include reduced joint motion, which often lowers pain, and improved ability to perform daily activities. Because many procedures use a minimally invasive approach, recovery can be quicker and less painful than traditional open surgery. - Reduced pain when the sacroiliac joint is the actual source. - Improved stability when the joint is unstable or arthritic. - Smaller incisions and shorter hospital time with minimally invasive techniques. As with any surgery there are risks. These can include infection, bleeding, damage to nearby nerves or blood vessels, blood clots, stiffness, and persistent pain if fusion does not fully relieve symptoms. Your orthopaedic surgeon will review the risks with you and explain how they apply to your health. ## Sacroiliac Joint Fusion Patient Guidance Please make sure to note these are only general information and you should consult a doctor. Before surgery you may be asked to stop certain medications such as blood thinners, to fast for several hours, and to arrange transportation for your trip home. Your surgeon will give specific, personalized instructions during your preoperative visit. During recovery you will likely need to limit heavy lifting, twisting, and prolonged sitting for several weeks. You may return to light work within a few weeks, and more demanding activities over several months as your surgeon and therapist advise. Following postoperative instructions closely helps improve your chances of a good result. ## Sacroiliac Joint Fusion Quick FAQs Will fusion stop my sacroiliac pain? Many patients with confirmed sacroiliac joint pain experience meaningful pain relief after fusion, but results vary by individual. Is the procedure minimally invasive? Yes, most modern sacroiliac joint fusions use small incisions and guided instruments to reduce tissue damage and speed recovery. How long until I can return to work? Return to work depends on your job and health, often ranging from a few weeks for light work to several months for heavier duties. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Orthopaedic Treatments, Orthopedic Treatments, Procedures, treatment, Treatments **Area:** Spine --- ### [Vertebroplasty](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/general-orthopaedics/vertebroplasty/) **Published:** September 22, 2025 **Author:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates **Excerpt:** Vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure designed to stabilize fractured vertebrae, often resulting in rapid pain relief. It is usually indicated for patients whose pain does not improve with conservative treatments. **Content:** # Vertebroplasty Vertebroplasty is a treatment used to relieve pain from certain fractures in the spine. It is most often used when a vertebra, the small bones that make up your backbone, has collapsed or cracked and causes ongoing pain. The procedure is minimally invasive, and it focuses on stabilizing the injured bone. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates we explain the steps, risks, and recovery so you can make an informed choice. This page covers what vertebroplasty is, who may benefit, how the procedure is done, and what to expect afterward. If you have questions about whether this treatment is right for you, talk with your doctor. ## Vertebroplasty Details Vertebroplasty is a procedure that stabilizes a fractured vertebra by placing a medical filler into the weakened bone. The goal is to reduce pain and restore stability to the spine after a compression fracture. Compression fractures most often affect the vertebrae, which are bones, and they can be caused by weakened bone from osteoporosis, minor trauma in brittle bone, or less commonly by tumors. Vertebroplasty is usually recommended when pain from a recent fracture does not improve with conservative care such as pain medicine, rest, and physical therapy. It is also considered when pain is severe enough to limit daily activities and recovery. Vertebroplasty is not usually recommended when pain is due to long-standing changes without a clear fracture, or when noninvasive treatments are still controlling symptoms. Your care team will review your imaging and overall health to decide if vertebroplasty is appropriate for you. ## How Vertebroplasty Is Performed The procedure is most often done through a small needle placed through the skin into the broken vertebra. Imaging such as fluoroscopy or CT is used during the procedure to guide the needle and confirm correct placement. Once the needle is in place, a medical filler material is injected into the vertebra to fill cracks and stabilize the bone. Vertebroplasty is minimally invasive, which means it uses a small opening and causes less tissue damage than open surgery. Because the incision is small and the approach is direct, many patients have less pain after the procedure and a shorter recovery time than after larger operations. The procedure is typically done as an outpatient treatment, so you may go home the same day unless your doctor decides you need observation. Medical teams use sterile technique and imaging equipment to lower the risk of complications. You will receive anesthesia or sedation to keep you comfortable while the team places the needle and injects the filler. Your doctor will explain the type of anesthesia that best fits your health and the plan for the procedure. ## Vertebroplasty Recovery Details After vertebroplasty most patients notice pain relief within hours to days, although full benefit can take a few weeks. You will likely be observed for a short time after the procedure and then discharged with instructions about activity and wound care. Many people can resume light daily activities quickly, but heavy lifting and strenuous exercise should be avoided for a time. Recovery may include a short course of pain medicine and a gradual return to normal movement. Your doctor may recommend physical therapy to help improve strength, posture, and balance in the weeks after treatment. Factors that can lengthen recovery include other medical problems, multiple fractures, or complications such as infection or nerve irritation. ## Benefits and Possible Risks Primary benefits of vertebroplasty include reduced back pain, stabilization of the fractured vertebra, and the potential to return to normal activities sooner. Because it is minimally invasive, vertebroplasty often involves less recovery time than open spine surgery and a smaller incision. For many patients, the procedure improves comfort enough to allow participation in physical therapy and daily routines. As with any procedure, vertebroplasty carries risks. These can include infection, bleeding, leakage of the filler material, nerve or blood vessel irritation, cement embolism (rare), persistent pain, or stiffness. Rarely, nerve injury or other complications may occur. Your doctor will discuss the risks that apply to your health and explain how they are managed. ## Patient Guidance and Preparing for Treatment Before vertebroplasty your care team will review your medical history and any medicines you take. You may be asked to stop certain blood-thinning medicines before the procedure. Do not change your medications without talking to the doctor who prescribed them. Please note these are general instructions, and you should consult your doctor for advice specific to your situation. Arrange transportation for the day of the procedure because you may not be able to drive after sedation. Follow any fasting instructions if they are given. During the first days after the procedure, expect to limit bending, twisting, and heavy lifting. Light walking and gentle movement help circulation and recovery. Your doctor will tell you when you can return to work and normal activity based on your job and how you feel. ## Vertebroplasty Quick FAQs Does vertebroplasty relieve pain quickly? Many patients feel reduced pain within hours to days, though full improvement can take weeks. Your care team at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can explain the likely timing for your situation. Is the procedure safe? Vertebroplasty is generally safe when done by an experienced team, but all procedures carry risks that your doctor will review with you. Any decision about treatment should weigh the expected benefits against potential risks and your overall health. ![princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Brand-shots-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-edited.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates brand shots jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Are you suffering from pain? ***Please contact us! We'd love to help.*** If you have pain, please [contact us and schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) We have [urgent care facilities](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) all over New Jersey for your convenience. [Schedule Exam](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) [Urgent Care](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/urgent-care-for-orthopedic-injuries/) > ### *This blog post is meant to be informative and should not act as a self-diagnosis tool. If you’d like to see one of our doctors, please [contact us here](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/).* **Tags:** Orthopaedic Treatments, Orthopedic Treatments, Procedures, treatment, Treatments **Area:** General Orthopaedics --- ### [Plantar Fasciitis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/plantar-fasciitis/) **Published:** September 11, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** # Plantar Fasciitis Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common causes of heel pain. It happens when the strong band of tissue along the bottom of your foot becomes irritated and inflamed, making everyday activities like walking or standing uncomfortable. ## What It Is The plantar fascia is a thick, fibrous tissue that connects your heel bone to your toes. When this tissue becomes overstressed, small tears can develop. This leads to pain and stiffness, especially around the heel and arch of the foot. ## Basic Anatomy Your foot has a natural arch supported by the plantar fascia. This tissue works like a shock absorber, carrying the stress of walking, running, and standing. When the plantar fascia is strained, inflammation occurs, causing heel pain. ## Causes and Risk Factors - Spending long hours on your feet, especially on hard surfaces - High-impact activities like running or jumping - Flat feet or very high arches - Wearing unsupportive shoes - Being overweight, which puts more stress on the plantar fascia - Tight calf muscles or Achilles tendon ## Common Symptoms - Sharp heel pain, especially with the first steps in the morning - Pain after long periods of standing or sitting - Discomfort that worsens after exercise - Tenderness on the bottom of the heel or arch ## How We Diagnose A doctor will review your medical history and perform a physical exam, checking for tenderness along the heel and arch. In some cases, imaging tests like X-rays or ultrasound may be used to rule out other conditions such as fractures or arthritis. ## Treatment Options ### Non-surgical Care - Resting the foot and avoiding activities that trigger pain - Stretching exercises for the calf muscles and plantar fascia - Supportive footwear or custom orthotics - Ice therapy to reduce inflammation - Anti-inflammatory medications, if recommended - Physical therapy to improve flexibility and strength ### Surgical Options Surgery is rarely needed for plantar fasciitis. In cases where pain persists despite months of conservative treatment, a procedure to release tension in the plantar fascia may be considered. This is typically reserved for severe, long-lasting cases. ## Recovery and Healing Most people recover from plantar fasciitis within several months of consistent non-surgical care. Regular stretching, supportive shoes, and weight management can help speed healing and reduce the chance of the pain coming back. ## Prevention and Self-Care Tips - Wear supportive shoes with cushioned soles - Replace worn-out footwear regularly - Warm up before physical activity - Stretch your calves and feet daily - Maintain a healthy weight to reduce foot stress ## When to Seek Care - Pain that does not improve with rest and home care - Severe heel pain that interferes with walking - Symptoms that worsen over time - Pain accompanied by numbness, tingling, or swelling With the right treatment plan, most people with plantar fasciitis recover well and return to normal activities. Early care can help you avoid chronic pain and get back on your feet comfortably. **Tags:** Ankle, Conditions, Foot, Podiatry **Area:** Foot and Ankle, Podiatry **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Osteoarthritis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/osteoarthritis/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ## **What is osteoarthritis?** Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent kind of arthritis. It's a distressing disease that results from wear and tear of cartilage inside a joint over time. The majority of this deterioration is caused by usage over many years, with people developing it when they reach age 50 or older. Younger individuals, on the other hand, may develop the condition early as a result of a joint injury. Osteoarthritis of the hand is also known as post-traumatic arthritis. It occurs after a trauma, such as a fracture, dislocated shoulder, or torn rotator cuff. ## **What causes osteoarthritis?** Wearing causes damage and eventual degeneration of the cartilage that covers the bones where they join in the joint. Because bone begins to rub directly against bone, this loss of protective cartilage results in osteoarthritis, which causes an inflammation of the joints. Cartilage is a rubbery, sponge-like tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints. Cartilage in elbows, knees, shoulders, ankles, and knuckles serves as a shock absorber cushioning the bones and preventing their ends from clashing during movement. It allows for a lot of twisting, bending, turning, and movement. The cartilage in our joints deteriorates with age – especially those joints that we use the most. It's similar to how automobile brake pads wear down with time. When cartilage degeneration occurs, the bones aren't adequately cushioned, leading to damage in the joint. ## **What joints are most prone to arthritis?** Osteoarthritis most often affects big weight-bearing joints, such as the hips or knees. The following are the most common joints that suffer from osteoarthritis: - hips - knees - the third and fourth fingers' joints - joint between the wrist and the thumb (this is called basal joint arthritis) - the neck and joints of the cervical spine - the lower back and joints of the lumbar spine ## **What are the signs of osteoarthritis?** Pain is the most common OA symptom, followed by stiffness. Pain typically gets worse during activity and improves with rest. Some people with OA, on the other hand, may experience a sense of stiffness in the morning or after lengthy periods of inactivity.This symptom (also known as "gel phenomenon" or "gelling phenomenon") is caused by a brief thickening (or "gelling") of natural fluids within the joint. When a person resumes activity, it generally subsides in less than 20 minutes. Crepitus is a cracking or grinding sound that may be heard when the joint is moved. Some patients with OA experience little or no pain for unknown reasons. The intensity of each person's pain may vary depending on a variety of factors such as: the disease's stage and how a person's brain processes pain messages, as well as cultural, gender, and psychological differences. ## **The following symptoms are NOT associated with osteoarthritis. If you have any of these symptoms, you likely have an inflammatory arthritis:** - Swelling, redness, or warmth in the joints where you experience discomfort is a common sign of rheumatoid arthritis. - fevers - unexplained weight loss - extreme weakening of the muscles (atrophy) - symptoms on both sides of the body (for example, both knees or both hips, etc.) ## **How is osteoarthritis diagnosed?** The following are the three essential elements to obtaining a correct diagnosis for osteoarthritis: - a physical examination and evaluation by a doctor - X-rays and/or other imaging - lab tests ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 58](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-58-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 58 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-33-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-17-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## **What tests are used to diagnose osteoarthritis?** Labs are beneficial for diagnosing OA since they may be used to rule out various types of inflammatory arthritis with similar symptoms, such as rheumatoid arthritis. In other words, if you have joint ailment and your lab tests are normal, you have OA. These exams may include: - urinalysis - blood counts - sedimentation rate - rheumatoid factor - antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer tests If your blood tests come back normal or negative, this is generally because you have osteoarthritis. It should be noted, nevertheless, that as people grow older, they occasionally acquire a low-level positive rheumatoid factor titer and/or increased sedimentation rate without displaying any obvious symptoms. This is why doctors do not use laboratory tests alone to establish a possible diagnosis of osteoarthritis. The extraction and analysis of synovial fluid from the joint is another laboratory test that might assist with confirmation. Synovial fluid is a liquid present in all joints. It helps to nourish and moisturize joints while also providing them with essential lubrication. When certain types of arthritis are present, synovium fluid will, however, alter. White blood cell count is usually normal in osteoarthritis, and the fluid is clear (similar to water). Rather than osteoarthritis, higher white cell counts should point to an inflammatory condition or infection. Extracting synovial fluid this way may assistance in confirming the diagnosis. It might help to relieve pain and inflammation if the fluid is causing irritation. Furthermore, the fluid might be tested to detect uric acid crystals (which is present in gout) or calcium pyrophosphate crystals (seen in pseudogout or chondrocalcinosis). The measurement of additional biological indicators is still under study. ## **What treatment options are available for osteoarthritis?** Your doctor will create an individualized treatment plan based on your unique circumstances, such as: - the nature and seriousness of your symptoms - which joints are being affected - any other conditions you have - medications you take - your age - your everyday activities ## **What are the non-surgical alternatives for treating osteoarthritis?** Early-stage osteoarthritis, when possible, may be treated nonoperatively using physical and occupational therapy. NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines) can assist in many cases, while corticosteroid injections can delay the need for surgery. P ### **Oral medications** Osteoarthritis can be treated effectively with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil), naproxen (Aleve) and celecoxib (Celebrex). Duloxetine is a medication used to treat anxiety and depression, but it has been observed to relieve pain in some cases — like with osteoarthritis. It's usually used as a second line treatment for people who have tried but failed to get relief from NSAIDs. ### **Staying active** For people with osteoarthritis, it is critical to remain active and avoid becoming sedentary. Movement might help to reduce discomfort and prevent it from getting worse. However, the best and safest forms of activity differ from patient to patient. Getting an appropriate “movement prescription” necessitates obtaining a correct, precise diagnosis and making sure that all members of the healthcare team (orthopedists, physical therapists, etc.) are aware of each patient's specific condition. To help with the symptoms of early-stage knee arthritis, it's critical to strengthen thigh muscles to assist the joint. It is also beneficial to have a balanced diet and maintain a healthy weight. These techniques will help to decrease knee discomfort and boost function by decreasing the amount of pressure on the knee joints. ## **When should I consider surgery for osteoarthritis?** When the conservative measures above are insufficient, and pain in a specific joint makes it difficult for you to move, joint replacement surgery may help you regain your comfort and resume normal activities. Hip replacement and knee replacement have become standard therapies for regaining mobility and alleviating pain after suffering from hip or knee arthritis. Some people with hip or knee arthritis may be able to have more minimally invasive hip arthroscopy or knee arthroscopy operations. For those who have arthritis in their shoulder, elbow, wrist, or ankle joints, joint replacement surgery might be an option. If non-operative therapy hasn't worked, you're generally a good candidate for surgery if you experience a substantial interruption in some activity of daily life – for example, if you can't walk more than a city block or if you awake from sleep with discomfort in the hurting joint. If you have arthritis, you are at a higher risk of developing osteoarthritis. Surgery will provide excellent outcomes if your pain goes away in the afflicted joint. The sort of operation you receive will be determined by your age, level of activity, and the afflicted joint. **Tags:** Conditions **Area:** Elbow, Foot and Ankle, Hand and Wrist, Hip, Knee, Shoulder **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Muscle Strain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/non-operative/muscle-strain/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ## What Is a Muscle Strain? Often referred to as a “pulled muscle,” a muscle strain is actually a partially or completely torn muscle. Muscle strain injuries occur most often: - in muscles that cross two joints - during explosive action, such as sprinting - during times when athletes suddenly increasing their exercise regimens (such as during training camps) ## What Causes a Muscle Strain? A muscle strain happens when a muscle is stretched beyond its usual range of motion and begins to tear. These injuries occurs most often at the junction between the muscle and the tendon. However, a muscle strain can also occur within the muscle itself or in the tendon, where it attaches to the bone. Muscles are often called our body's building blocks. Tendon attachments at each end of each muscle work together to provide the force required for movement. During activities that require explosive movements, like pushing yourself up during a squat or changing directions quickly in racquetball, too much force can tear connective tissue either partially or completely through. Injuries commonly occur when the muscle becomes overworked and is stretched back further than is safe. Both the quadriceps, which involve the knee and hip, and the hamstrings, which involve both the hip and knee as well as parts of the ankle, are most prone to injury. Muscle strains in the hip adductor muscles are also common, even though they only cross the hip joint. These factors can predispose an athlete to muscle strain injuries: - older age - previous muscle injury - less flexibility - lack of strength in the muscle - fatigue ## Signs and Symptoms of a Muscle Strain The symptoms of a muscle strain are: - sharp, “stabbing” pain that worsens while contracting the muscle - swelling and bruising - loss of muscle strength - reduced range of motion Significant inflammation occurs when muscle is first injured. Then stem cells that live around the area of injury begin to regenerate muscle fibers, which aids the healing process. When a muscle is injured, it goes into the inflammatory stage. This phase is marked by the beginnings of an immune system response following the injury and begins to repair the damage done to that muscle. But one significant thing that happens during this phase is that a great deal of scar tissue forms in that area of injury. Scar tissue isn't just fibrous, it's dense—and doesn't stretch and contract in the same way. Over time, this scar tissue begins to remodel into actual fibers with proper alignment, though they are far less elastic than healthy muscle fibers. It's thought that as a result of this type of remodeling a strained muscle becomes prone to further injury much more easily because of its structural weakness. ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 41](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-41-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 41 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Stier-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## How Is a Muscle Strain Diagnosed? ### Physical Exam In most cases the diagnosis of a torn tendon is made based upon the patient's medical history and physical exam. In rare, grade 3 cases, the physician can actually feel the defect where the muscle has completely torn during an examination. ### X-Rays When patients come to the hospital with an indication of having a muscle injury, it is frequently difficult and/or costly to determine what the cause is without further investigative methods. Standard X-rays are beneficial in assessing fractures and dislocations. Occasionally in younger athletes, the tendon can pull off a piece of bone where it attaches, which can be seen on standard X-rays. However, simple muscular injuries cannot be seen on regular X-rays. ### MRI MRI's can sometimes be helpful in determining where the injury has occurred and whether it's a complete rupture or not. MRIs also show collections of blood called hematoma that sometimes occur following severe injuries. ## Treatment for Muscle Strain ### Conservative, nonsurgical treatment The majority of muscle strains do not require surgery, and a full recovery is expected. If there is only a partial tear, then the athlete can return when they have stopped feeling pain during normal activity and have normal strength/flexibility in the affected area. A complete rupture means that an injured athlete may benefit from surgical repair. Most acute muscle injuries are partial thickness tears (rather than complete tears). These cases can often be treated successfully with - the RICE protocol (rest, ice, compression, elevation). - NSAIDs - nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) After a week of these at-home treatments, many patients benefit by progressive functional physical therapy. The good news is: Most athletes are able to return to their previous level of competition after a muscle strain is fully healed. The bad news is: Since scar tissue forms at the site of injury, they may susceptible to another injury at that location. **Tags:** Conditions, Diagnostic, Non-Operative, Non-Surgical, Physiatric **Area:** Non-Operative, Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/cubital-tunnel-syndrome-treatment/) **Published:** October 16, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** Cubital tunnel syndrome is a condition that occurs when the ulnar nerve, which runs along the inner side of your elbow, becomes compressed. This nerve, often referred to as the "funny bone," is responsible for sensations in the pinky and ring fingers. When it is compressed, it can cause numbness, tingling, and pain in the arm, hand, and fingers. Simple activities like typing, holding objects, or bending your elbow can become painful or uncomfortable. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent permanent nerve damage. ## Causes of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome - **Prolonged Elbow Pressure**: Leaning on the elbow for long periods can compress the nerve within the cubital tunnel. - **Elbow Injuries**: Fractures, dislocations, or other trauma to the elbow can lead to swelling or bone spurs that pinch the ulnar nerve. - **Anatomical Variations**: Some individuals may have a naturally narrower cubital tunnel, increasing the likelihood of nerve compression. - **Posture**: Poor posture while sleeping or sitting can stress the elbow and exacerbate nerve compression. ## **Symptoms of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome:** - Numbness and tingling in the pinky and ring fingers - Weak grip strength or difficulty holding objects - Pain that radiates from the elbow to the hand - A "clumsy" feeling when using the affected hand ## Diagnosis and Treatment Cubital tunnel syndrome can develop for various reasons, including repetitive elbow bending, direct injury, or pressure on the nerve. If left untreated, symptoms may worsen over time. The diagnosis of cubital tunnel syndrome typically involves a physical examination, which may include nerve conduction studies or imaging tests to assess the degree of nerve compression. ### Treatment Options For mild to moderate cases, treatment may involve conservative methods such as: - **Wearing a brace or splint:** A brace can help keep the elbow straight, especially at night, reducing pressure on the ulnar nerve. - **Physical therapy:** Specific exercises can improve flexibility and relieve tension on the nerve. - **Anti-inflammatory medications:** These may be recommended to reduce swelling and alleviate discomfort. For more severe cases or when conservative treatments fail, surgery may be necessary to relieve the pressure on the ulnar nerve. Two common surgical procedures include: 1. **Ulnar Nerve Transposition:** This surgery involves repositioning the ulnar nerve to prevent it from being compressed in its original location. 2. **Cubital Tunnel Release:** This procedure involves enlarging the cubital tunnel, creating more space for the ulnar nerve to pass through without pressure. ### Why Choose Princeton Orthopaedic Associates? At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, our board-certified, fellowship-trained surgeons are experts in diagnosing and treating cubital tunnel syndrome. We stay at the forefront of advancements in orthopaedic care, ensuring that our patients receive the most effective treatments available. Whether you need conservative care or surgical intervention, we will develop a personalized treatment plan that fits your needs and lifestyle. ### When to Seek Help If you’re experiencing symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome that do not improve with rest or home treatments, it’s essential to consult an orthopaedic specialist. Delaying care can result in further nerve damage and long-term issues with hand and arm function. Our team at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates is here to help you regain mobility and reduce pain. ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-22-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Conditions, Forearm, Hand, Procedures, Wrist **Area:** Elbow, Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Conditions, Procedures --- ### [Baker's Cyst](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/bakers-cyst/) **Published:** September 16, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** A Baker’s cyst is a condition that can cause pain and swelling behind your knee. This cyst, which is a fluid-filled sac, can lead to discomfort that ranges from mild to severe. We can diagnose and treat your Baker’s cyst effectively. The first step is to identify the source of your knee pain and understand its underlying cause. From there, we can create a tailored treatment plan to address your specific needs. ## **What is a Baker’s Cyst?** A Baker’s cyst is a fluid-filled sac that forms behind the knee. This cyst is often a result of the accumulation of synovial fluid, which is produced by the knee joint to lubricate and cushion it. When there is excess fluid due to an underlying knee problem, it can lead to the formation of a Baker’s cyst. ## What Causes a Baker's Cyst? Baker’s cysts typically arise as a result of other knee conditions that cause inflammation and fluid buildup. One common cause is arthritis, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, which can lead to increased fluid production in the knee joint and subsequently contribute to cyst formation. Another factor is a meniscus tear, where damage to the cartilage that cushions the knee can result in joint inflammation and fluid accumulation. Additionally, trauma or injury to the knee can cause swelling and fluid buildup, leading to the development of a Baker’s cyst. Other knee joint disorders, such as patellar bursitis or tendonitis, can also lead to the formation of a Baker’s cyst. ## Symptoms of a Baker's Cyst Baker’s cysts often lead to symptoms that can impact your daily activities. A prominent sign is swelling behind the knee, where a noticeable bulge or swelling may appear. Pain is another common symptom, characterized by discomfort or tenderness in the area of the cyst, which can worsen with movement. Additionally, individuals may experience stiffness, making it difficult to move the knee or causing it to feel rigid. Discomfort during activity, such as pain when bending or straightening the knee, is also common. Although Baker’s cysts are generally manageable, they have the potential to become a recurring issue if not properly addressed. ## Treatment for a Baker's Cyst The treatment for a Baker’s cyst varies based on its underlying cause and the severity of symptoms. Initial approaches typically include reducing activity and applying ice to decrease swelling and relieve pain. Using a compression bandage can also help manage swelling effectively. Over-the-counter pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medications may provide additional relief from inflammation and discomfort. Physical therapy can be beneficial, as targeted exercises help strengthen the knee and improve flexibility. In cases where swelling is significant, a doctor may perform aspiration, using a needle to drain the fluid from the cyst. Although surgery is rare, it may be considered if the cyst persists or causes substantial issues, with a focus on addressing the underlying cause. ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 38](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-38-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 action 38 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![Dr. Sedhom - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Action-7-2-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Sedhom - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Conditions, Knee **Area:** Knee --- ### [Elbow Bursitis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/elbow-bursitis/) **Published:** June 19, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ## What Is Elbow Bursitis? Elbow bursitis, also known as olecranon bursitis, is a condition that causes inflammation of the bursa located at the tip of the elbow. The bursa is a small fluid-filled sac that cushions between bones and soft tissues, helping to reduce friction and facilitate smooth movement. When this bursa becomes inflamed, it can cause pain and swelling, often leading to discomfort and restricted movement. ## Signs And Symptoms Of Elbow Bursitis Common symptoms of elbow bursitis include: - **Swelling:** A noticeable swelling at the tip of the elbow is often the first sign. This swelling can develop gradually or appear suddenly. - **Pain:** The affected area may be tender to touch and can cause discomfort during movement or pressure. - **Redness and Warmth:** The skin over the inflamed bursa may appear red and feel warm, indicating inflammation. - **Limited Mobility:** Movement of the elbow can become restricted due to pain and swelling. ![Doctor assessing patients elbow for elbow bursitis.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![Doctor assessing patients elbow for elbow bursitis.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![Doctor assessing patients elbow for elbow bursitis.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What Can Cause Elbow Bursitis? Elbow bursitis can be caused by several factors, including: - **Trauma:** A direct blow to the elbow can cause the bursa to become inflamed. - **Repetitive Motion:** Activities that involve repetitive elbow movements, such as throwing, lifting, or leaning on the elbows for prolonged periods, can irritate the bursa. - **Infection:** Bacterial infection can enter the bursa through a cut or wound, leading to septic bursitis. - **Medical Conditions:** Gout or rheumatoid arthritis can increase the risk of developing elbow bursitis. ## Diagnosing Elbow Bursitis Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination where the doctor assesses the swelling, pain, and range of motion. Additional tests may include: - **X-rays:** To rule out other conditions such as fractures or arthritis. - **MRI or Ultrasound:** To get a detailed view of the bursa and surrounding tissues. - **Aspiration:** In some cases, fluid may be drawn from the bursa to check for infection or gout crystals. ## Preventing Elbow Bursitis To reduce the risk of developing elbow bursitis: - **Protective Gear:** Use elbow pads during activities that put pressure on the elbows. - **Ergonomics:** Ensure proper ergonomics at workstations to avoid prolonged pressure on the elbows. - **Warm-Up Exercises:** Engage in stretching and strengthening exercises before activities involving repetitive elbow movements. ## Treatment Options for Elbow Bursitis Treatment for elbow bursitis focuses on reducing inflammation and relieving symptoms. Common approaches include: - **Rest and Immobilization:** Avoiding activities that exacerbate symptoms and using a sling to limit movement. - **Ice Therapy:** Applying ice packs to reduce swelling and pain. - **Medications:** Anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen or naproxen can help manage pain and inflammation. - **Aspiration:** Removing excess fluid from the bursa to reduce pressure and discomfort. - **Antibiotics:** If an infection is present, antibiotics will be prescribed to treat the underlying cause. - **Corticosteroid Injections:** In cases of severe inflammation, corticosteroid injections may be administered to reduce swelling. - **Surgery:** Rarely, if conservative treatments fail, surgical removal of the bursa may be necessary. ## When to Seek Medical Advice Elbow bursitis can significantly impact daily activities due to pain and restricted movement. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to managing symptoms and preventing complications. If you experience persistent elbow pain and swelling, consult an orthopedic specialist to develop a tailored treatment plan. For more information or to schedule a consultation, contact our office today. **Tags:** Conditions **Area:** Elbow **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Thumb Twitching](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/thumb-twitching/) **Published:** June 17, 2024 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ## What Is Thumb Twitching? Thumb twitching, also known as thumb fasciculation, is a condition characterized by brief involuntary muscle contractions in the thumb. These twitches can occur sporadically and may be caused by various factors ranging from temporary muscle fatigue to underlying neurological conditions. ## Signs And Symptoms Of Thumb Twitching The primary symptom of thumb twitching is the visible, involuntary movement of the thumb muscles. Additional symptoms may include: - A sensation of trembling or quivering in the thumb. - Occasional numbness or tingling in the thumb. - Intermittent muscle spasms in the thumb and surrounding areas. ![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 doctor 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Doctor-12-4-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Griffis - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, NJ Orthopedics - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![young women hands suffering from thumb twitching](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/woman-suffering-pain-in-finger-from-ganglion-cyst-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## What can cause thumb twitching? Thumb twitching can result from several different causes, including: - **Repetitive Movements & Muscle Fatigue**: Overusing the thumb muscles, particularly after activities like typing, texting, or gaming, and repetitive movements without the proper rest periods can deplete electrolyte stores, causing an imbalance that can lead to muscle fiber twitching. - **Nutrient Deficiencies**: - Low levels of *essential nutrients*, particularly magnesium and calcium. - Dehydration can disrupt circulation, oxygen, nutrient exchange, and electrolyte balance within our bodies, leading to cramps, spasms, and twitching. - **Stress and Anxiety**: High stress levels can cause muscle tension and spasms. An imbalance of particular neurotransmitters within the brain can cause involuntary muscle contractions. - **Caffeine Consumption**: Excessive intake of caffeine can overstimulate muscles and induce twitching. - **Neurological Disorders**: Conditions such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), or Peripheral Neuropathy are progressive conditions that do not typically begin with isolated twitching of the thumb but can sometimes start with mild symptoms in the extremities. - **Medication Side Effects**: Certain medications can cause dehydration or an imbalance of electrolytes, leading to muscle twitching as a side effect. - Examples of medications that can cause twitching: - Blood pressure, kidney, and cholesterol medication - Anti-depressants - Anti-anxiety medications - Diuretics - Sleep Medications ## How to prevent thumb twitching? To prevent thumb twitching, consider the following tips: - **Maintain a Healthy Diet**: Ensure adequate intake of vitamins and minerals. - **Practice Good Ergonomics**: Use ergonomic tools and maintain proper hand positioning during activities. - **Manage Stress**: Incorporate relaxation techniques like deep breathing, meditation, or yoga. - **Limit Caffeine**: Reduce consumption of caffeinated beverages. - **Stay Hydrated**: Drink plenty of water to maintain electrolyte balance. ## When to Seek Medical Advice While occasional thumb twitching is generally not a cause for concern, you should see a doctor if: - The twitching persists throughout the day for longer than 1-2 weeks. - You experience muscle weakness or atrophy. - The twitching is accompanied by other neurological symptoms. - There is significant pain or discomfort. If you are experiencing persistent thumb twitching or have concerns about your symptoms, please contact our office to schedule an appointment. Our team of specialists is dedicated to providing comprehensive care and finding the best treatment options for you. **Tags:** Conditions **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Back & Spine Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/back-spine-surgery/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ### **Back Surgery** Back surgery is a viable and sometimes necessary treatment option for significant musculoskeletal problems (like herniated discs) when other solutions have failed. A pain management expert may assist you in determining whether surgery is an appropriate alternative after making sure that all other choices have been exhausted. ### **When should I consider back surgery?** The following problems, according to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), might be good candidates for surgical treatment: - Herniated or ruptured disks, in which one or more of the disk bones that cushion the spine bones are damaged - Spinal stenosis, or a narrowing of the spine that puts pressure on the spinal cord and nerves, is an example of this condition. - Spondylolisthesis, in which one or more bones in the spine shift out of position - Vertebral fractures caused by a fall or by osteoporosis are the most common types of spinal injuries. - Disk deterioration, or spinal disk damage as a person becomes older, is referred to as degenerative disk disease. Back pain can occasionally be caused by a tumor, an infection, or cauda equina syndrome. To ease the discomfort and prevent further issues in these situations, NIAMS recommends surgical intervention as soon as possible. ### **What are some types of back surgery?** Some of the most common surgical choices for low back pain are the following: - Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty. Vertebrae fractures caused by osteoporosis are healed using these techniques. Injection of glue-like bone cement that hardens and strengthens the bone is involved in both operations. - Spinal laminectomy/spinal decompression. When spinal stenosis causes a narrowing of the spinal canal, causing pain, numbness, or weakness, it's time to have this procedure. The surgeon removes the bony walls of the vertebrae and any bone spurs in an effort to expand the spine and relieve pressure on the nerves. - Discectomy. When a disk herniates and presses on a nerve root or the spinal cord, this procedure is used to remove it. Laminectomy and discectomy are frequently done at the same time. - Foraminotomy. In this operation, the surgeon enlarges the bony hole through which a nerve root exits the spinal canal to protect nerves from pressing on. - Nucleoplasty is also called plasma disk decompression. A relatively herniated disk is treated with radiofrequency laser surgery, which uses radiofrequency energy to treat persons with low back discomfort due to a slightly herniated disk. The surgeon punctures the disk with a needle. The tip of the needle is heated with a plasma laser, which vaporizes the tissue in the disk and reduces its size, relieving pressure on the nerves. - Spinal fusion. The surgeon removes a spinal disk between two or more vertebrae before fusing the adjacent vertebrae using bone grafts or metal devices fastened with screws. Spinal fusion involves the fusion (or fusing) of two or more bones together. There is a risk of reduced flexibility in the spine, which necessitates a long rehabilitation period for the bone implants to grow and join the vertebrae together. - Artificial disk replacement. This is a surgical technique that's used to treat people with severely harmed disks instead of spinal fusion. A spinal fusion involves removing the disk and replacing it with a synthetic disk that restores height and mobility between the vertebrae. ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 7](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-New-Jersey-Orthopaedic-Surgeons-2023-Patient-7-2-1024x683.jpg "princeton orthopaedic associates new jersey orthopaedic surgeons 2023 patient 7 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### **What are the risks of back surgery?** Back surgery has a greater risk than other types of operations since it is done closer to the nervous system. Paralysis and infections are the most serious of these threats. Even if you have a successful operation, recovery may take months. Healing time will vary depending on the sort of surgery and your health before the procedure. And you could permanently limit your mobility. ### **What are the considerations for anesthesia during surgery?** Patients are typically under general anesthesia during back surgery. In addition to the usual hazards of anesthesia, there are additional risks associated with the patient lying face down on the surgical table. This posture affects the body's hemodynamics, or how blood flows through the body. The position also prevents the surgical team from accessing the patient's airway. This necessitates careful placement of equipment, monitors, patients, and anesthesiologists for everything to fit together correctly. It's critical to have a physician anesthesiologist in the operating room to ensure that everything is in order and that they can act swiftly if anything goes wrong. ### **How do I manage pain during my recovery?** Post-operative pain following a neck surgery is not unusual. It would help if you explored various techniques for alleviating pain after the operation. It is important to understand that no two patients have the same procedure. That means the above options and combinations of options may not work for everyone—discussing these choices with a pain management professional who can compare the benefits and drawbacks of each option or combination of options, as well as their effectiveness, side effects, the potential for addiction, and impact on rehabilitation. Some factors to consider: - Many of your treatment options will include opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), steroids, and local anesthetics. Sometimes more than one medication is used. This multimodal therapy might help with pain management while reducing opioid use. - Opioids should be used with caution to avoid addiction and manage side effects, some of which can be deadly. - Consider all options for pain relief that do not include medication, such as herbal therapies or acupuncture. Physician anesthesiologists who specialize in pain management can collaborate with you before and after surgery to create a specific treatment plan for your needs, background, and preferences. They will keep track of what is working and what isn't after surgery, so they may adjust your pain management therapy as needed. **Tags:** Procedures, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [MRI Scanning](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/diagnostic/mri-scanning/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans are a vital diagnostic tool that uses radio waves and magnetic fields to create three-dimensional images of the body. MRIs are radiation-free and can be used to find injuries or abnormalities in the body. MRIs are used for everything from surgical preparation to gauging damage from previous injuries or trauma. ## How Does an MRI Work? Other diagnostic tools, such as x-rays or CT scans, use radiation to produce images of the inside of the body. MRIs are different. The MRI uses radio waves and magnetic fields to map the concentration of water in the body. The MRI can find the differences in water distribution to the various tissues in the body. This provides an image of any abnormalities, such as injuries, inflammation, tumors, or other anomalies. There are two kinds of MRI scanners, the standard scanner, and the “open” scanner. In a traditional MRI scanner, a patient is placed in a tube and bombarded with radio and magnetic waves. For those who are claustrophobic, an open MRI is a better option. It does not enclose the patient in a tube, reducing their anxiety. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates has MRI units at two of our locations, including one open MRI scanner. - ![exteriors monroe office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Monroe-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "exteriors monroe office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![exteriors monroe office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Monroe-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "exteriors monroe office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![exteriors princeton princeton ave office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 small 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Exteriors-Princeton-Princeton-Ave-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-small-10.jpg "exteriors princeton princeton ave office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 small 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Diagnostic, Procedures **Area:** Diagnostic **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Ankle Arthroscopy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/ankle-arthroscopy/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Ankle arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure we use to treat minor joint issues and to diagnose injuries or abnormalities within the joint. This technique often is used to confirm a diagnosis made by physical examination and imaging. ## Why Ankle Arthroscopy? Arthroscopy has improved previous ankle procedures that often included open surgery, long hospital stays, and extended recovery times. Arthroscopic ankle surgery is far less invasive with little to no hospital time and a shorter recovery time. Ankle arthroscopy is used to treat tissue bands, ligament tears, bone spurs, tendonitis, cartilage damage, and arthritis, among other disorders and injuries. Some doctors begin by using ankle arthroscopy to diagnose the problem, then they correct it in the same procedure if possible. If not, they can use the same procedure later to correct the problem. - ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-20-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-39-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Procedures **Area:** Foot and Ankle **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Ankle Fusion](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/ankle-fusion-arthrodesis/) **Published:** November 24, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Some disorders of the ankle, particularly degenerative arthritis, cannot be repaired with traditional methods of physical therapy and pain medications. In those cases, arthrodesis may be used. This is commonly called ankle fusion. This surgical procedure fuses the bones of the ankle together to manage pain and restore joint function. It is still ideal for some patients, though joint replacement is now a second option. ## Ankle Fusion Procedure Ankle fusion is performed either in a traditional open procedure, which takes more time to heal, or arthroscopically, which is less invasive and has a shorter recovery time. Using the arthroscopic method, the surgeon will insert a camera on a long tube through a small incision into the ankle joint. Another incision or two is made to insert small surgical instruments that are used to clean out damaged cartilage and screw the bones together. As the bones heal, they fuse together naturally into one bone. ## After the Ankle Fusion Patients will wear a cast for a couple of weeks while the ankle heals. No weight will be allowed on the foot for 8-12 weeks while the bones fuse together. After the procedure, the patient may be fitted with special shoe inserts to help them walk more normally and return to normal routines. There is minimal risk with this procedure, including nerve injury, infection, or the rare occurrence when the bones don’t fuse. These risks are rare, and most patients find ankle fusion to be a successful procedure. - ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Procedures **Area:** Foot and Ankle **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Ankle Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/ankle-surgery/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Ankle surgery is sometimes required to stabilize a broken bone after a traumatic injury. We use a technique called Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF), which is a common treatment for stabilizing a fractured tibia (lower leg bone), ankle, or foot. ORIF properly aligns the bones and promotes correct and faster healing. This treatment is for fractures that cannot heal properly on their own. ## Ankle Surgery (ORIF) Procedure The ankle surgery is performed using metal plates, pins, and screws. During the procedure, the hardware is used to align the bones and hold them in place while they heal. For support of the longer bones, such as the tibia, a procedure called intramedullary (IM) rodding is used. In this procedure, a rod is inserted into the bone marrow canal in the center of the bone to provide long-term support for the bone. Once these pieces are in place, they usually stay there permanently, as long as pain or other symptoms don’t develop. - ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-20-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-32-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Procedures **Area:** Foot and Ankle **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/anterior-cervical-discectomy-and-fusion/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Patients who experience severe arm pain may have a herniated or degenerative disc in the bones of their neck, known as the cervical vertebrae. These damaged discs can put pressure on the nerves and cause pain that worsens over time. Those with mild conditions may see improvement with medications or physical therapy. If the pain persists, then an anterior cervical discectomy and fusion may be necessary. ## Procedure and Recovery An anterior cervical discectomy involves removing the damaged disc from between the two cervical vertebrae in the neck and fusing the two bones together. This surgery can also be used for fractured vertebrae and spinal instability. Once the problem disc is removed, the bones above and below are grafted together with tissue from elsewhere in the body. Sometimes, metal hardware is used to stabilize the bones. Over time, the bones will grow together, or fuse, into one solid bone. Patients can expect a recovery time of about 4-6 weeks. In some cases, arm weakness or numbness may persist for a few months after surgery. - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 62sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-62Sharpen-Motion-1-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 62sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 41](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-41-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 41 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-20Sharpen-Motion-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Procedures, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Arthritis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/arthritis/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## What Is Inflammatory Arthritis? Inflammatory arthritis (IA) is a type of arthritis that causes joint inflammation. In this condition, your immune system is attacking the joints in your body, which are frequently inflamed due to an overactive immune system. This form of arthritis is much less frequent than osteoarthritis (OA), which affects mostly older people with wear and tear on their joints. ## Osteoarthritis vs. Inflammatory Arthritis: What is the difference? The major difference between inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis is that: - Osteoarthritis is caused by physical factors like wear and tear of a joint over a long period of time (or sometimes over a short time as a result of an injury). - Inflammatory arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that results in inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues. Your immune system identifies non harmful body tissues as harmful germs or pathogens. It then attacks them, resulting in inflammation. Because osteoarthritis is caused by physical wear on joints in the body, it is most often seen in people after the age of 50. Unfortunately, the older you get, the more likely you are to develop osteoarthritis. Since inflammatory arthritis is a chronic disease, it can affect people of all ages. In many cases, adults are diagnosed in their peak working and child-rearing years. Inflammatory arthritis can often be diagnosed in patients as young as age 20 or 30. Inflammatory arthritis is more common in females than in males. Children and teens may also be diagnosed with a form of childhood arthritis, such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis — although this is much less common. It is not understood exactly why IA occurs more frequently among women than men; however, some experts believe that immunologic differences may play a role. ## Signs And Symptoms Of Inflammatory Arthritis The most common symptoms of inflammatory arthritis are: - Joint pain - Stiffness after periods of rest or inactivity, especially in the morning - Swelling, redness and/or a feeling of warmth in the affected joints - Inflammation of other areas in the body, which can affect internal organs like the lungs and heart - "Flares" of highly intense symptoms alternating with periods of inactivity - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-07-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 43](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-43-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 43 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What are the different types of inflammatory arthritis? The major types of inflammatory arthritis include: - Rheumatoid arthritis - Lyme disease - Ankylosing spondylitis - Gout and pseudogout - Lupus - Psoriatic arthritis Detecting and treating inflammatory arthritis before it gets too severe is the key to preventing certain complications from developing. Some people may experience swelling, stiffness or other symptoms of inflammation due to inflammatory arthritis, which if left untreated can worsen over time. Early detection as well as a regular treatment plan will help you properly care for your symptoms and take steps to reduce potential risks associated with the disease and save yourself from future discomfort. ## How is inflammatory arthritis treated? Inflammatory arthritis is typically treated with a combination of medicine (such as steroids or immunosuppressive drugs) that decided to relieve swelling and pain, as well as regulate the immune system. To aid healing and to prevent loss of mobility or joint function, patients should strive to balance periods of rest (which can help to prevent flare ups) and activity (which helps prevent joints from becoming too stiff). Like with osteoarthritis, if nonsurgical methods fail to provide lasting relief, your doctor may prescribe joint replacement surgery. This procedure is recommended when a number of non-surgical methods have failed to relieve pain and restore mobility. **Tags:** Conditions, Sports Medicine **Area:** Elbow, Foot and Ankle, Hand and Wrist, Knee, Shoulder **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Arthritis of The Wrist & Hand](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/hand-wrist-arthritis/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## What Is Arthritis? Arthritis is an inflammation of your joints. Several types of arthritis can affect the wrist and hand: degenerative and systematic. Rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis are systematic, inflammatory types, whereas osteoarthritis is in the degenerative category where the cartilage wears down over time. Rheumatoid arthritis affects the fingers and hand most often, except for the thumb. In that case, thumb arthritis is usually a form of osteoarthritis. To understand how these diseases affect the hand and wrist, we first need to understand the hand and wrist anatomy. ## Anatomy of Your Hand Your hand is made up of two types of bones: phalanges and metacarpals. There are a total of 19 of these bones in your hand. Each finger has three phalanges, and the thumb has two. The phalanges connect to the metacarpal bones, which are long, thin bones that stretch from the fingers to the bones that compose the wrist. Those bones are connected by tendons and ligaments that stretch to the wrist and arm bones and allow movement of your hand. Nerves and blood vessels weave through all the tendons, ligaments, and bones. ## Anatomy of Your Wrist Your wrist comprises a complex of bones that essentially sit atop your two arm bones (the radius and the ulna). These bones, called carpal bones, are situated in two rows. The upper road connects to the end of the metacarpals located in your palm, while the lower row connects to the arm. The tendons and ligaments that connect the forearm to the hand pass through the wrist, as do the nerves and blood vessels that feed the fingers. This collection of multiple bones gives your wrist and hands an extraordinary range of motion compared to most of your other joints. Arthritis can change all that. ## Arthritis in Your Hands and Wrists Arthritis in the wrist or the joints of your fingers can severely limit that broad motion, making it difficult to use your hands. The first signs of arthritis are pain and stiffness, which make using your hands more difficult. You may also experience swelling in your hand, wrist, or both. ## Prevention of Hand/Wrist Arthritis Some arthritis, such as systematic arthritis, may be challenging to prevent. Degenerative arthritis such as osteoporosis is caused by repeated use of a joint over time, so there are ways to reduce the chances of getting arthritis by reducing the repeated stress on the joint. For example, architects or artists who use a mouse to draw on the computer may consider using other tools, such as a digital pen and tablet, and rotating between them to reduce the stress on your wrist. Wrist supports or braces can also help to relieve certain types of stress. Assistive technology can help alleviate the pain or swelling of arthritis or can reduce the chances of getting arthritis. Please speak with us to learn more about this technology! ## Treatment for Hand or Wrist Arthritis Treatment for arthritis can vary depending on the type of arthritis and its severity. Treatment can range from medication such as NSAIDs (ibuprofen, aspirin, or naproxen) to physical therapy. In some cases, you may need surgery to reduce or eliminate pain. - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 101](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-101-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 101 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 57](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-57-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 57 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Conditions, Forearm, Hand, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Back & Spine Arthritis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/back-spine-arthritis/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Spinal arthritis causes stiffness and pain in the low back. The stiffness is most severe first thing in the morning, then decreases with activity, and finally increases again toward the end of the day. This is likely due to fluid accumulating in the joint as a result of being inactive overnight, causing greater inflammation. The typical pattern of low back discomfort caused by facet joint arthritis is as follows: - The discomfort is mostly felt in the lower back, runs down into the buttocks, and often feels like it's in the hip. - People frequently report a burning sensation on the outer side of the thigh, and occasionally down the leg, as it continues to worsen. - Because the pain extends down the leg, many physicians and even individuals mistakenly believe it to be nerve root pain, rather than arthritis. ## **Symptoms of Back & Spine Arthritis** The following are some of the most common symptoms of spinal arthritis: - The stiffness and discomfort in the back and/or neck tend to be worst in the morning (particularly for about 30 minutes after waking up), often known as "first movement pain." - By evening, most people feel a lot better and will have forgotten about their condition. As the individual continues to carry out his or her normal routines throughout the day, the pain generally subsides to a more manageable level. - At night, pain and stiffness usually worsen. - Sleep-related pain is often an indication of osteoarthritis. - Swelling and warmth in one or more joints, particularly during weather changes (which may be linked to barometric pressure shifts and air cooling). - When the joint or afflicted area of the spine is pressed, localized tenderness may be felt. - Aching type of pain in a joint that is constant or intermittent. The discomfort may be worsened by movement. - A person may be suffering from joint stiffness that makes it difficult to bend and pick something off the ground. - When the joint is moved, there is a crunching or scraping sound of bone against bone (called crepitus), especially in the neck. ## **Diagnosing Arthritis in the Back & Spine** Your doctor may employ one or more of the following diagnostic techniques to verify spinal arthritis: - Physical exam and medical history - Blood tests for genetic factors and/or RA antibodies - X-ray of the spine is used to detect and locate the painful joint. - X-rays, computed tomography (CT), myelography, bone scan, and/or ultrasound are used to pinpoint the damage, detect nerve and spinal cord involvement, or rule out other causes. - Synovial fluid aspiration is a test carried out to examine the synovial fluid inside a joint. - Your doctor may numb the painful joint with an injection and check to see if the pain goes away. - ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-18-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10Sharpen-Motion-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Inflammatory arthritis versus osteoarthritis** There are two basic categories for arthritis of the back and spine: - Inflammatory arthritis - Osteoarthritis Inflammatory arthritis is seen in chronic autoimmune disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis. These conditions often begin at a young age and tend to be characterized by symptoms like low back and/or neck pain, stiffness that is worse in the morning, as well as limited motion in the back. These symptoms tend to be improved by exercise and unrelieved by periods of rest. Osteoarthritis is a type of arthritis that occurs as a person ages. Osteoarthritis of the spine causes joints along the spine to deteriorate, leading to bone spurs, cysts, and a disc restriction.Osteoarthritis of the back or neck is far more prevalent than inflammatory arthritis. ## **Treatment for Back & Spine Arthritis** The treatment for spinal arthritis is dependent on a variety of circumstances. They might include your age, level of discomfort, kind and intensity of arthritis, as well as your own health objectives. Because the illness-induced harm to the joint is irreversible, the goal of most therapy is to minimize pain and prevent new injury. Nonsurgical treatments for spinal arthritis include the following: - Corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) are used to alleviate pain and inflammation. - Other medicines that treat specific symptoms or triggers of arthritic inflammation are available. - Back muscle strength and range of motion in the spine will be improved with physical therapy. - Lifestyle modifications to reduce spine inflammation or stress, including weight loss, smoking cessation, physical inactivity, etc. ## **Surgery for Back & Spine Arthritis** Spinal arthritis may require surgery if other treatments fail to address the problem. The following are some examples of spinal arthroscopic procedures: - Decompressing the spinal cord and releasing nerve roots from bone spurs and other tissues that are pressing on them - Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure that fuses multiple segments of the spine together to stabilize the spine. The goal of these operations is to improve the appearance, function, and/or health of the face. They may be done as open procedures or using a minimally invasive technique. Each has advantages and drawbacks. Before the operation, the surgeon will evaluate and discuss all possibilities with you. **Tags:** Conditions, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Bone Lesion](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/bone-lesion/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## What is a bone lesion? Benign or malignant growth anomalies in bone tissue are known as bone lesions. A bone lesion is any event that replaces healthy bone with abnormal bone or tissue. The anomaly will fall somewhere along a spectrum, ranging from tissue that closely resembles normal bone and is not cause for concern to that which is virtually unrecognizable as bone and necessitating further study. A lesion's classification as benign or malignant is a major distinction. ## Benign vs. Malignant bone lesion: What's the difference? Benign lesions develop in a bone and may grow locally without spreading to other organs. Malignant growths are generally referred to as cancer. These are tracts that may develop and mature in the bone, but have the potential to spread to other areas of the body and continue to grow. This most frequently happens in the lungs with bone cancers, where expansion can cause breathing difficulties and ultimately lead to death. Cancers that originate in other parts of the body may travel (metastasize) into bone tissue in some circumstances. A metastatic lesion is a example of this. ## What is a bone tumor? A bone tumor is defined as a lesion in the body that has cells that divide and proliferate at an increased rate than normal to produce a mass in the bone. The word "tumor" does not imply whether an abnormal growth is harmful (cancerous) or safe, since both benign and malignant tumors can develop in the bone. The most common types of bone tumors include: - Primary bone cancer (osteosarcoma) occurs when a metastatic lesion originates in the bone - Secondary bone cancer (metastatic bone disease) occurs when cancers invade bone tissues and originated in other parts of the body - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 51sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-51Sharpen-Motion-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 51sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 66](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-66-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 66 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What causes bone cancer? Bone cancer is caused by abnormalities in a person's DNA. These changes may be hereditary, spontaneous, or induced by external factors. Bone cancer affects everyone, although several subtypes are more common in youngsters and teenagers, while chondrosarcoma is more prevalent in adults. ## Diagnosis for benign and malignant bone lesions X-rays are the most frequent imaging method used to examine bone injuries, but they can also be viewed on CT and MRI scans. A biopsy is performed in order to identify any diseased tissue. Imaging can sometimes aid in determining a diagnosis, and it may sometimes cement a certain diagnosis. However, many tumors have similar appearances, and no diagnosis may be made right away. A biopsy is taken to obtain a more precise diagnosis and determine the course of treatment for any lesions that appear to be cancerous or are causing bone damage. Biopsies are often not required for lesions that do not appear cancerous or destructive. Instead, multiple pictures taken at various times can be compared for changes. ## Treatment for benign bone lesions While most benign lesions are stable in the bone and don't need to be treated, some can become locally aggressive. When this happens, surgical intervention can be necessary to stop the growth and avoid additional harm. ## Treatment for malignant bone lesions Malignant tumors always need to be treated. Malignant tumors are usually surgically removed, although they may also require other forms of therapy, such as chemotherapy or radiation treatment. **Tags:** Conditions, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Broken Ankle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/broken-ankle/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** # What are Broken Ankles? A broken ankle can be debilitating, and not treating it properly can lead to long-term disability. A broken ankle is the fracture of one or more bones from the end of the leg bones (tibia and fibula) to the ankle bone itself (talus). Ankle fractures with displacement, where the bones have moved out of position, may require surgery to repair, while stress fractures often have less complicated treatment methods. Broken ankles should be diagnosed and treated right away. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we will be able to diagnose your possible broken ankle and will provide the best treatment plan possible for you. ## Anatomy of a Broken Ankle Your ankle is made up of three main parts — the bottom portion of the tibia (“shin bone”), the bottom of the fibula, and the talus (“ankle bone”) that connects the other two bones to the foot. Ankle breaks often occur on the malleolus, which is the lower portions of the tibia or fibula. The lateral malleolus is that bump on the outside of your ankle. It’s actually the bottom portion of your fibula bone. The medial malleolus is the inside of your ankle and the bottom of the tibia, and the posterior malleolus is the back part of your ankle and the back of the fibula. Most ankle breaks occur when the ankle is twisted with extreme force, such as through a sports injury, or strongly impacted, such as through a car accident. Stress fractures can also occur when someone increases their normal exercise activity or when someone impacts their ankle. There are two types of breaks, **displaced** and **non-displaced**. - **Displaced** means the bones have moved from their original positions. - **Non-displaced** means the bones are still lined up properly. - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment of a Broken Ankle Symptoms of a broken ankle are prettty obvious. The person will have pain and swelling, and the pain will increase if weight is put on the ankle. The pain can radiate to the top of the foot or up the leg. If you suspect a fracture, it’s imperative to treat it right away. If the ankle heals incorrectly, it could cause pain or deformity later. A fracture will be diagnosed through x-rays or a CT scan. Non-displaced fractures, including stress fractures, often can be repaired with a cast or walking boot. Some displaced fractures may be treated this way. However, many displaced ankle fractures may require surgery. Pins and/or plates may be put in to stablize the bones and allow the pieces to heal together properly. ## How Long Does It Take a Broken Ankle to Heal? In general, it takes 4-6 weeks for a broken ankle and the damaged ligaments and tendons around it to heal properly. That’s assuming surgery hasn’t been required to repair the ankle. In those cases, healing may be more complex. Patients who undergo ankle surgery can expect to stay off the ankle a minimum of 4-6 weeks while the bone heals. Treatment begins by elevating the ankle at least 90% of the time for the first couple of weeks. Patients are then placed in a removeable boot so they can shower and begin moving the ankle slightly. After six weeks, x-rays are taken to see if the bone has healed properly. If it has, then physical therapy can begin and weight can be put on the ankle. Physical therapy can last up to six weeks. **Tags:** Ankle, Conditions, Foot **Area:** Foot and Ankle **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Broken Hand](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/broken-hand/) **Published:** November 22, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** A broken hand is a fracture of one or more bones in your hand, including the phalanges (finger and thumb bones) and the metacarpals (palm bones). Broken bones usually happen from either a direct blow or from stress during a fall or accident. A “clean” break can sometimes be set and braced with a cast until it heals. More significant or multiple breaks may require surgery. ## Higher Risk for Broken Hands Some people may be more at risk for broken hands, such as athletes in full-contact sports. Genetic, nutritional, or other physical conditions can increase the risk as well. For example, those with osteoporosis or brittle bones may have a better chance of breaking a bone from a heavy blow or movement that puts extra strain on the hand. ## Symptoms of a Hand Break A break in a hand bone may be evident in some cases, but not all. In some cases, a break will be obvious because of the displacement or dislocation of the bones or fingers. In other cases, the break may become more evident as time passes and the hand swells, bruises, or becomes too stiff or painful to move. Bones with displaced fractures — where the two ends are moved apart — will show an obvious fracture more than a hairline fracture, where a bone may be cracked, but the ends don’t move from their original location. We can determine whether a bone is cracked or broken through x-rays. Once it’s determined how bad the break is, we will be able to provide the best treatment to heal the fracture and keep as much mobility in your hand as possible. ## Treatment for a Broken Hand You may think that a finger or hand break doesn’t need immediate or professional treatment, but that is definitely not the case. It’s imperative to have your break treated right away. If a hand or finger break is not set correctly, it will not heal properly. This could limit mobility later or cause other issues, such as pain, stiffness, or immobility. Early treatment will also reduce the pain and stiffness and will allow the break to heal properly. If you suspect a break, contact us right away. - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-14-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Xray-Casting-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Conditions, Forearm, Hand, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Bunion Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/bunion-surgery/) **Published:** November 24, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Many people suffer from bunions, which are large nodules on the inside of the foot at the base of the big toe. Bunion surgery isn’t for everyone, as other treatment methods are usually successful at eliminating the bunions. In the more severe cases, however, bunion surgery may be the best option. ## Bunion Surgery Procedures A bunionectomy is the most common surgical procedure. It involves removing swollen tissue from the joint where the big toe meets the foot, removing part of the bone to straighten the big toe, and permanently joining the bones of the big toe joint. It may also involve shaving off the bump or repairing tissue in the joint. In some instances, metal screws, wires, or plates may be used to hold the joint together, especially if bone has been removed. Most bunion surgeries are performed under local anesthesia on an outpatient basis. Some surgeries can require general anesthesia if it is less stressful for the patient or if the surgery is more complex. ## Bunion Surgery Recovery Recovery depends on the complexity of the bunion surgery. Those who have minor procedures may be able to walk on the foot immediately. Others may need crutches or a cane and may be off the foot for several weeks. Patients will need to keep their dressing clean and will need to use orthotics and properly fitted shoes after surgery to keep the foot stable and positioned correctly. Going back to narrow shoes can cause the bunion to return. - ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-40-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Procedures **Area:** Foot and Ankle **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Bursitis & Tendonitis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/bursitis-tendonitis/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Bursitis and tendonitis are chronic conditions that can cause pain in your joints. Pain can range from a dull ache to severe, sustained discomfort. We can diagnose and treat your bursitis and tendonitis. The first step is to understand your pain and its source. Then, we can map out the best course of treatment for your condition. ## What Are Bursitis and Tendonitis? Bursitis is inflammation of the bursa, a protective sac between the bone and soft tissue such as muscles, tendons, or ligaments. The bursa prevents damaging friction between the soft tissue and the bones. Tendonitis is inflammation of the tendon, which is a string of tissue that connects muscle to bone. Tendons use the power from the muscle to move the bone. Bursitis and tendonitis tend to have two leading causes. The most common cause is repetitive stress or overuse of the joint. The second cause is an infection. Bursitis and tendonitis can also come from other chronic conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, diabetes, psoriatic arthritis, or thyroid disorders. ## Symptoms of Bursitis and Tendonitis Bursitis and tendonitis occur near joints, particularly those with heavy mobility loads such as shoulders, elbows, knees, and ankles. The symptoms of bursitis and tendonitis are very similar. Symptoms of bursitis and tendonitis include stiffness in the joint, limited mobility, and pain that gets worse with movement or becomes stronger at night. Bursitis and tendonitis tend to be temporary, but they can come back. While they do not cause deformity, they can make it more challenging to perform daily activities when they return frequently. ## Treatment for Bursitis and Tendonitis The cause of your bursitis or tendonitis will determine the course of your treatment. Patients who overuse the joint or have injured it will be told to reduce or avoid using the joint and avoid the repetitive or stressful activity that caused the condition. We may also work with you to determine whether repositioning your posture can improve the situation. In more extreme cases, we may recommend the daily application of ice or heat to the joint to reduce inflammation. You can use medications to reduce inflammation, and steroid injections can reduce inflammation and pain. Sometimes, we will give those with infections antibiotics to eliminate the infection. You may also require surgery, but surgery tends to be rare for bursitis and tendonitis. Once eliminated, the patient will need to change habits to keep the conditions from returning. This includes working out properly, using better posture, creating a more comfortable workstation, and using braces or pads to protect the area, particularly during exercise or strenuous activity. If the conditions persist, we will recommend you see a rheumatology expert for an extended treatment plan. - ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped 126](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-cropped-126-e1637696544862-1024x339.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 cropped 126 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Conditions, Elbow, Hand, Knee, Shoulder, Sports Medicine, Wrist **Area:** Elbow, Foot and Ankle, Hand and Wrist, Knee, Shoulder, Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Carpal Tunnel Treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/carpal-tunnel-release/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Repetitive hand or wrist movements can cause patients to suffer from a condition known as carpal tunnel syndrome. Mild cases can be treated by using braces or splints. For the more severe cases, surgery may be necessary. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can offer treatment options to alleviate the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome. ## Diagnosis and Treatment Carpal tunnel syndrome is named after the narrow passageway on the palm side of your hand that is surrounded by bones and ligaments. The median nerve passes through this “tunnel.” Injury, such as a fracture, or chronic diseases such as arthritis can cause inflammation that can narrow the tunnel and put pressure on the median nerve. Repetitive motion can also put pressure on the nerve. Symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome include numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand and arm. Some patients report feelings like electric shocks that pass through the thumb and first two fingers. Treatment of minor cases may involve wearing a splint or brace to relieve pressure on the nerve. For more severe cases or those that don’t respond to other treatment methods, carpal tunnel release can relieve pressure on the median nerve. Carpal tunnel release is an outpatient procedure that involves making a two-inch incision in the middle of the palm. The surgeon then has a better view of the treatment area and will be able to free the nerve by cutting the ligaments squeezing it. We can also perform carpal tunnel release through endoscopic surgery. A small camera is used to see inside the carpal tunnel, and one or two very small incisions are made to cut the ligament and free the nerve. - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 114](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-114-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 114 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-16-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 57](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-57-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 57 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Forearm, Hand, Procedures, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Cervical Fractures](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/cervical-fractures/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## **What is a Cervical Fracture?** A cervical fracture occurs when a bone in the neck region of the spine is fractured. Cervical dislocation is what happens when a ligament injury to the neck forces two (or more) of the adjacent spinal bones to be abnormally separated from one another, causing instability. Either a cervical fracture or cervical dislocation, or both, may be seen in a patient. Fractures and dislocations of the neck spine are quite prevalent, accounting for almost half of all spinal column injuries every year. Because the cervical spine is the most mobile area of the spinal column and is, therefore, more prone to injury, the majority of fractures and dislocations of the vertebral column occur there. Although the low back is most commonly hurt during routine, low-exertion activities, the neck is most vulnerable to injury in high-energy traumas such as motor vehicle accidents. ## **Causes of Cervical Fracture** Motor vehicle accidents, falls, violence, and sports activities are the most common causes of cervical fractures and dislocations. The rapid collision and/or twists of the neck that occur in a millisecond during the event can cause the spine bones to fracture or the ligaments to break. A cervical fracture or instability can result from the initial trauma or incident, which may also harm the spinal cord and nerve structures. If it occurs, the most terrible outcome of a cervical injury is the end result of a spinal cord injury and neurological deficit. ## **Signs and Symptoms of Cervical Spine Fracture** Patients with cervical fractures often experience severe, localized neck discomfort and stiffness. Patients with other injuries, on the other hand, may report pain in various locations without recognizing the severity of neck suffering. Patients who have neurologic compression or irritation may experience numbness or weakness in their arms or legs. There may be radiating pain symptoms, or there might not be any. Patients can have upper cervical spine fractures and spinal cord injuries, which might compromise the respiratory function of the brain, leading to problems breathing and taking a deep breath. - Profound tenderness and muscle spasm, with a considerable reduction in neck range of motion. - Visible swelling and bruising over the fracture site in the back of the neck. - If the fracture/dislocation is severe, there will be a visible and palpable "step-off" or misalignment of the bones, which can be detected by the doctor. - There might be significant weakness and numbness in the arms or legs if the spinal nerves are significantly compressed. - In the event of a complete spinal cord injury, patients will lose all strength and feeling in their extremities. - Deep tendon reflexes may be diminished or absent. - Pulses and vascularity of the arms and legs should be normal. - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 58](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-58-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 58 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 65](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-65-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 65 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Diagnosing Cervical Fracture** When a patient has been involved in an accident or suffering from trauma, especially those with neck pain, cervical spine fractures and dislocations should always be considered. The diagnosis might be difficult when the symptoms or physical findings are atypical. Some patients who have other breaks or injuries will report discomfort in various areas but not neck pain. Patients may minimize the severity of their motor vehicle accident or trauma at times. These instances might persuade the clinician to forego ordering cervical x-rays and imaging studies, which are essential in detecting cervical injuries. The doctor must do a thorough history and clinical examination (particularly checking palpation of the spine) to avoid misdiagnosing this condition. To accurately diagnose a cervical injury, any patient who has experienced a severe accident or trauma, especially those with neck pain, should be thoroughly examined with x-rays (and additional imaging studies as needed). While no lab tests are used to diagnose a cervical fracture, sometimes specific tests are ordered to rule out other conditions. ## **Treatment for Cervical Fracture** Treatment choices for those who have suffered a cervical fracture or dislocation are limited. Skeletal traction and close reduction, with metal pins inserted into the skull and connected to a pulley, rope, and weights, are used in the early management of severe cervical fractures and dislocations. The objective of therapy is to preserve or enhance neurological function, maintain stability, and reduce pain. If conservative (nonoperative) treatments can achieve these goals, they are typically preferred. However, surgical stabilization is frequently required since many cervical fractures and dislocations are unstable and will not heal independently. Surgical decompression (removing bone fragments from the spinal cord) may be necessary to improve a patient's prospects for neurologic improvement and recovery after a spinal cord injury. ### **Conservative Treatment Options for Cervical Fracture:** Brace (orthotic) therapy and medicines are examples of nonoperative options. There are a variety of cervical orthoses available, ranging from soft collars to hard plastic cervical-thoracic orthoses to halo vest immobilization (using pins inserted into the skull secured by a padded plastic vest). ### **Surgical Treatment Options for Cervical Fracture:** Surgical procedures often include a posterior (back of the neck incision) cervical fusion (joining the spine bones together) and instrumentation (small metal screws and rods stabilizing the spine). Anterior (front of the neck incision) decompression and fusion are other possibilities, along with instrumentation. Injuries to the front of the spine that do not heal correctly may require major surgery to restore function and relieve pain. **Tags:** Conditions, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Cervical Radiculopathy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/cervical-radiculopathy/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## What Is Cervical Radiculopathy? Often referred to as a "pinched nerve," Cervical radiculopathy is an injury to a nerve in the neck that has branched off from the spinal cord. This can cause discomfort that radiates into the shoulder and/or arm, as well as muscular weakness and numbness. Cervical radiculopathy is frequently caused by "wear and tear" changes in the spine that occur with age, such as arthritis. It is most often induced by a traumatic incident leading to a herniated disk in young people. In some situations, no external trauma is connected with the start of symptoms. In most cases, conservative therapy, which includes medication and physical treatment, effectively treats cervical radiculopathy. ## What Causes Pinched Nerves? Most people with cervical radiculopathy or pinched nerves have degenerative changes in the spine that occur as we age or from a herniated, or bulging, intervertebral disk injury. ### **Degenerative changes** The disks in the spine begin to bulge as they age. They also lose water content and become drier. This problem causes the loss of disk space height and the development of disk space collapse. As the disks drop in height, the vertebrae come closer together. The body responds to a collapsed disk by creating more bone—known as bone spurs—around the disk to strengthen it. These bone spurs help to support the spine. Unfortunately, they can also compress the nerve roots, narrow the foramen—the small holes on each side of the spinal column where nerve roots emerge—and pinch the nerve root. Discs that are degenerating develop arthritis (spondylitis) or spondylosis. These changes are typical and occur in everyone. Almost half of all people between the ages of forty-five and eighty have worn disks and pinched nerves that do not produce unpleasant symptoms. It is unknown why some patients experience symptoms while others do not. ### **Herniated disks** When the jelly-like center (nucleus) of a disk pushes against its outer ring (annulus), it herniates. The nucleus may squeeze all the way through if the disk is severely worn or injured. When the herniated disk swells outward toward the spinal canal, it puts pressure on the sensitive nerve root, resulting in pain and weakness in the area. A herniated disk is most frequently caused by lifting, tugging, bending, or twisting. ## Signs and Symptoms of a Pinched Nerve The pain caused by a pinched nerve usually begins at the neck and travels down the arm over the area served by the injured nerve. This discomfort is typically described as burning or sharp. Turning one's head may increase the level of suffering. Other signs include: - Tingling in the fingers or hand (commonly referred to as "pins and needles") - Weakness in the muscles of the arm, shoulder, or hand - Loss of sensation Some people claim that pain abates when they put their hands on top of their heads. This action may provide temporary relief for pressure on the nerve root. - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 52sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-52Sharpen-Motion-1-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 52sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-32-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Diagnosing Cervical Radiculopathy Your doctor will begin by asking you about your medical history and general health. They will then assess your neck, shoulder, arms, and hands for muscular weakness, loss of sensation, or any changes in your reflexes. To test if your problem is caused by posture, your doctor may request that you perform specific neck and arm exercises to see if they help. ### Imaging and Tests - An X-ray is a form of radiation that passes through the body, producing pictures of structural features such as bones. An x-ray will show whether your bones are aligned properly in your neck. It can also determine if there is any narrowing of the foramen and damage to the disks and other details. - A CT scan is more detailed than a regular x-ray and may be used to determine whether you have developed bone spurs near the foramen in your cervical spine. - MRIs produce higher-quality images of the body's soft tissues. An MRI scan of the neck can reveal if nerve compression is caused by injury to soft tissues, such as a bulging or herniated disk. It may also assist your doctor in determining whether any damage has occurred to your spinal cord or nerve roots. - Electromyography (EMG) examines the musculoskeletal's electrical activity at rest and during contractions. Nerve conduction studies are frequently conducted with EMG to see whether a nerve is operating correctly. These procedures may help your doctor determine whether your symptoms are due to pressure on spinal nerve roots or injury to nerves. ## Treatment for Pinched Nerve Most patients with cervical radiculopathy get better over time and do not require therapy. The pain in some people goes away rapidly—in days or weeks. For others, intense pain may persist for more extended periods. Cervical radiculopathy that has healed usually does sometimes recur in the future. Even when this happens, it generally improves without requiring further intervention. In some situations, however, a pinched nerve does not improve. These folks must be evaluated and treated. ### **Nonsurgical Treatment for cervical radiculopathy** Nonsurgical treatment is always the first route to treating cervical radiculopathy. Some of those options include: - Soft cervical collar - Physical therapy - Medication - Steroid injection - Narcotics ### **What is a soft cervical collar?** A soft cervical collar is a padded ring that encircles the neck and is held in place with Velcro. Your doctor may recommend you use a soft cervical collar to allow your neck muscles to relax and restrict neck movement. This can assist decrease nerve root compression by reducing neck motion. A soft collar should only be worn for a short time since prolonged wear can weaken the muscles in the neck. ### **Physical therapy for cervical radiculopathy** Some specific exercises can help relieve pain, strengthen muscles in the neck, and increase a patient's range of motion. Traction can also be used in some cases to stretch the joints and muscles of the neck gently. ### **Which medication is helpful for a pinched nerve?** In some cases, your doctor will recommend medication to help improve your symptoms. These types of medicines are typically NSAIDs or oral corticosteroids. NSAIDs are medications like ibuprofen, naproxen, and aspirin. These can help relieve pain if it's caused by inflammation or nerve irritation. Oral corticosteroids work by reducing swelling and inflammation around the never and may help ease the pain that way. ### **When are steroid injections helpful?** When steroids are injected near the affected nerve, they can help to reduce local inflammation. While this may not relieve the pressure on the nerve caused by a narrow foramen or a herniated disk, steroid injections may reduce swelling and thereby relieve the pain long enough for the nerve to recover on its own. ### **When are narcotics recommended?** Narcotics are only prescribed for patients with severe pain that is not relieved by any of the other options. These are usually considered for a limited time only. ### **Surgical Treatment for Cervical Radiculopathy** If all other treatment options have failed to relieve your symptoms, your doctor may recommend surgery. There are several procedures to treat cervical radiculopathy. Which one your doctor recommends will depend on many factors, such as which specific symptoms you are experiencing and the location of the involved nerve root. **Tags:** Conditions, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Chronic Pain Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physiatry/chronic-pain-physical-therapy/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Chronic pain can be the result of tissue or joint damage due to excessive use or injury. It can also be the result of a degenerative or chronic disorder, such as arthritis or fibromyalgia. In cases where surgery cannot eliminate the cause of the pain, the next best treatment is with proper physical therapy and pain management. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we will work to find the source of your pain and determine your best course of treatment. Our experts will customize a plan specifically for you and your needs, adjusting everything from diet to exercise routine to sleep patterns to manage your pain and keep it from interfering with your daily routine. ## What Causes Pain? Pain is your body’s natural response to certain stimuli that could or does cause damage to the body. Consider it an alarm system for your body. If someone breaks a window in your home, a signal is sent to the primary system, the alarm goes off, and it lets you know where that window has been broken. Pain works in much the same way. Nerves alert the brain to an injury or threat to the body. The brain sets off an alarm in the form of pain and sends it to the location where that threat is located. However, with chronic pain, the nerves become overly sensitive and react even when that threat is not there. Scientists continue to study why the nerves become increasingly sensitive and why they don’t “shut off” that sensitivity once the perceived threat has passed. While many chronic pain illnesses don’t have cures, many advancements have been made in recent years into managing chronic pain to reduce it to the lowest levels possible. ## Physical Therapy and Chronic Pain The first step to managing your pain is understanding it. A physical therapist begins by evaluating the cause of your chronic pain and how it affects you daily. The therapist will work with you to determine the triggers that make your pain worse or the actions or at-home remedies that improve your pain. The physical therapist can then determine the best exercises to reduce your pain by increasing your strength and flexibility. They will also work with you to modify your daily routines to reduce pain triggers and recommend diet changes to improve your nutrition and relieve your pain. The physical therapist will also work with you on your sleep patterns. A sleep study may be needed to determine if the way you sleep and the amount you sleep contribute to your pain. Once all the information is available, the therapist will help you set short-term and long-term goals to change your lifestyle and better manage your pain. - ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 114](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-114-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 114 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 174](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-174-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 174 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Physiatric, Physical Therapy, Procedures **Area:** Physiatry, Physical Therapy **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Clavicle Fractures](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/clavicle-fractures/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** The clavicle is the bone that stretches from your neck to your shoulder above your ribcage. It’s also known as the collarbone. This bone lends support to your shoulder, so when it’s injured, it can make using your shoulder difficult and painful. Proximal humeral fractures are when the ball or neck of the humerus is broken. The humerus is your upper arm bone, and the ball and neck of the bone connect to your shoulder. When these bones are injured, surgery may be necessary to repair them and restore full function to the arm and shoulder. ## Treatment and Surgery Proximal humeral fractures are common with people who fall on outstretched arms, those who have been in a car accident, or someone who has fallen from a great height. Elderly people with osteoporosis or other conditions that weaken bones are more prone to ball fractures of the humerus. Patients of both reported pain and the inability to lift their arms. Clavicle fractures or collarbone fractures are more common in children and athletes, in part because the collarbone doesn’t harden completely until about age 20. That means direct blows can cause damage more easily in children and teenagers. Surgery to repair these fractures involves ORIF (open reduction internal fixation) procedures where an incision is made so a metal plate can be attached to the humerus to hold it in place while it heals. ORIF surgery can also be used to repair the clavicle, usually with a metal plate or screws. Recovery can take 8-12 weeks. After several weeks of healing, patients will begin physical therapy to regain function in the arm. Most patients report returning to normal function within a few months. - ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Moscwa-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Procedures, Shoulder **Area:** Shoulder **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Closed Reduction and Casting](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/closed-reduction-and-casting/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** When people break bones, often surgery isn’t needed to repair them. Instead, the doctor can realign the bones and set them in place with a cast to heal correctly. This procedure is called closed reduction and casting, and it’s one of the most common treatment methods for broken bones. ## Closed Reduction Closed reduction is the procedure in which the doctor realigns broken bones without the use of surgery. Usually, this means applying force to the bone in the opposite way in which you broke it. Because this is a painful procedure, the patient is often given painkillers or even local anesthesia. The reduction will provide relief from soft tissue damage and reduce the inflammatory response, making it easier for the injury to heal. It should eventually reduce the pain, as well. ## Casting After the bone is realigned, it must be made immobile to heal correctly. If possible, the limb or injured area is put into a cast, splint, or brace to keep the bone in place. This allows the bone to heal together correctly. The length of time in a cast can vary depending on the severity of the injury, but the average time in a cast is 4-6 weeks. You may need physical therapy once the cast is off to rebuild the muscle, reduce stiffness and return full mobility to the injured area. - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 111](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-111-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 111 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-22-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Forearm, Hand, Procedures, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Computer Navigated Total Hip Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/joint-care/computer-navigated-hip-replacement/) **Published:** December 7, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Today’s technology allows doctors to perform complex surgeries through less invasive and more precise means. Computer surgical navigation is becoming increasingly common in a variety of orthopaedic procedures, from total knee replacements to total hip replacements. Patients with arthritis and other severe conditions can undergo total hip replacement using more advanced surgical technology, which is easier on both the surgeon and the patient. ## Surgery and Recovery Total hip replacement using computer navigation provides more precise control for placement of the implants. The surgery involves using infrared cameras to mark specific targeted areas for the implants and targets for the surgical instruments. The instruments are then moved using robotic technology. The surgeon is in complete control of the procedure, but the technology provides more precise placement. The result is better stability and mobility after surgery and better overall joint function. This technique also provides a lower incidence of implant malalignment, which means fewer surgeries in the future to revise the position of the implant. Most patients report good long-term results from this type of surgery. **Tags:** Joint Replacement, Procedures **Area:** Joint Replacement **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Congenital Muscular Torticollis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/congenital-muscular-torticollis/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## **What is Congenital Muscular Torticollis?** Torticollis (from the Latin term "torticulus," meaning "twisted neck") is a persistent head tilt to one side with a corresponding twist to the opposite side. It's sometimes termed "wry neck" in adults with torticollis. In infants, congenital muscular torticollis is the most prevalent form. Torticollis is a rare but serious congenital disability in which the infant's head twists excessively. It's the third most prevalent genetic abnormality after hip dislocation and clubfoot. ## **What are the signs of Congenital Muscular Torticollis?** An infant's most obvious sign of torticollis is a continual head tilt to one side, with the chin pointed toward the shoulder on the other side. If you discover any of the following, you should see a pediatrician, orthopedist or physical therapist: - Your baby's preference is to turn their head to one side rather than the other. - When viewing your child's photographs, their head appears to tilt to one side. - The back or side of your baby's head is flattened. - Your baby prefers to nurse exclusively on one side. ## **What causes Congenital Muscular Torticollis?** The causes of torticollis are unknown, but studies point to various factors, including muscular, skeletal, neurological, and visual problems. Congenital muscular torticollis is the most common type. It is characterized by a shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM), which bends and turns the neck. Theories for the cause of congenital torticollis include a crowded position in the womb and decreased blood supply or trauma to the SCM. Acquired torticollis can be induced by an infant being overexposed to his/her head turned in one direction after birth. ## **Diagnosis of Congenital Muscular Torticollis** A pediatrician or orthopedic surgeon can generally tell based on the child's examination, but an ultrasound or X-ray may be required. Congenital muscular torticollis affects newborns and infants. The infant will have a persistent head tilt to the affected side with the chin rotated toward the other shoulder. The baby's preference to look to one side and the flattening of the back of the infant's head are both clinical signs. - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-18-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 51sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-51Sharpen-Motion-1-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 51sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Complications of Congenital Muscular Torticollis** The first months of a youngster's life are crucial for their growth. An infant's development of eyesight, sensory processing, feeding, and fine and gross motor skills might be harmed by torticollis. Examples may include: - asymmetrical crawling - decreased head control - delayed sitting and walking - difficulty feeding - limited visual tracking - limited reaching on affected side - low tolerance to movement in space, such as swinging or sliding - preference for rolling to one side only - poor balance If you think your child may have this condition, it is important to seek treatment as early as possible. Early intervention can help to avoid potential developmental delay and facial asymmetry. ## **Treatment for Congenital Muscular Torticollis** The most frequent therapy options are manual and occupational therapy, although surgery may be required in certain resistant circumstances. ### **Physical therapy** Passive and active range of motion exercises, active strengthening, and a positioning program are all used in torticollis's typical physical therapy treatment. Conservative treatment of children with physical therapy has an excellent success rate, ranging from 90% to 99%. Parents contribute to their baby's therapy by participating in a home exercise program that includes neck stretches, playful activities that encourage symmetrical development, and specialized sitting while pushing a stroller. Your baby needs to spend at least 15 minutes in tummy time four times a day. ### **Surgery** If your baby's congenital muscular torticollis does not respond to a regular physical therapy program, surgery may be required to correct the problem. The pediatric orthopedist will lengthen the tight muscle using general anesthesia. Following surgery, physical therapy will resume. **Tags:** Conditions, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Custom Molded Orthotics](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/podiatry/custom-molded-orthotics/) **Published:** November 24, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Patients who have had pain or injury in their feet, ankles, legs, or even back may benefit from custom-molded orthotics. They are worn in the shoes to treat foot disorders, modify abnormal foot behavior, and relieve pain. Custom-made orthotics are more effective than over-the-counter orthotics because they are made to fit your foot exactly, distributing the right amount of support exactly where it’s needed. ## How Orthotics Are Made Your doctor at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can create your customized orthotics. The process begins with a cast of your foot. That cast is used to create the custom-molded orthotic that is specific to the size and shape of your foot. The orthotic can be adjusted to correct problems with your foot behavior, such as whether the pressure is applied to the right areas with each footfall. You may notice certain parts of your shoes wear faster than others? That could be a problem with your footfall, and something orthotics can be used to correct. ## What Can Orthotics Help? Orthotics can improve a variety of issues, not just with the feet. These devices can be used to correct bunions, flat feet, ankle sprains or strains, chronic heel pain (including plantar fasciitis), chronic knee pain, shin pain, and lower back pain. Orthotics aren’t just for adults. Children with minor foot problems can use orthotics to correct their gait early and help them walk better later on. Orthotics can also be used in conjunction with other devices, such as leg braces, to correct abnormalities in the foot, leg, or hip. - [![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 30](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-30-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 30 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-30.jpg) - [![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09.jpg) - [![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 30](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-30-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 30 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-30.jpg) **Tags:** Podiatry, Procedures **Area:** Podiatry **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Degenerative Disc Disease](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/degenerative-disc-disease/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## What is degenerative disc disease? Degenerative disc disease is not really a disease but rather a problem in which the degenerating disc causes discomfort. This discomfort can range from annoying to debilitating. As people age, their spinal discs generally wear down. Not everyone, however, will develop degenerative disc disease. This is a condition in which a damaged disc generates discomfort, but it is not considered a sickness. This illness has a wide range of symptoms and severity. The disc may dry up as a result of age, everyday activities, sports, and accidents. Disc replacement, other surgical treatments, and non-surgical choices such as acupuncture, back braces, and pain management are all options to relieve pain caused by degenerative disc disease. ## What Are Spinal Discs? The discs are shock absorbers for the spine's bones, and their purpose is to assist the back stay flexible while resisting tremendous forces in a variety of directions. Each disc has two components: - The anulus fibrosus is a tough outer layer. Nerves are located in the outside portion of this layer. If this region of the disc tears, it can become quite unpleasant. - The nucleus pulposus is a jelly-like center. The proteins in this portion of the disc may cause tissues they touch to get swollen and painful. If these proteins escape into the nerve layer of the disc, they can lead to severe pain. The disc has a very limited blood supply, unlike other body organs. Once a disc is damaged, it is unable to heal itself; and a spiral of deterioration can develop with three periods that appear to take 20 to 30 years: - Moving the back is difficult with acute discomfort. - The fractured bone becomes highly unstable. The patient will have recurring back pain over a long period. - The injured portion of the back is restored. The patient experiences more minor back discomfort. ## What causes degenerative disc disease? Degeneration of discs can be caused by various factors, including age. The following are some examples: - The disc drying up. The disc is approximately 80% water in newborns. The disc dries out as we grow older, and it does not absorb impacts as well. - Back pain is caused by everyday chores and sports, which tear the outer disc core. By the age of 60, most people have some level of disc degeneration. Back discomfort isn't always experienced until later in life. - Excess strain and pressure on the back can lead to back discomfort characterized by inflammation, soreness, and instability. This might cause lower back pain. - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 25](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-25-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 25 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 47sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-47Sharpen-Motion-1-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 47sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Signs and Symptoms of degenerative disc disease The term "degenerative disc disease" refers to a condition in which a damaged disc causes pain. Degenerative disc disease affects people of all ages, although it is more likely to affect those in their 30s or 40s who are otherwise healthy and active. These are some of the most common symptoms of this problem: - While sitting, the lower back discs have three times more pressure on them than when standing, and the pain is worse. - Pain that worsens when bending, lifting, or twisting. - When you walk or run for long periods instead of sitting or standing for lengthy amounts of time, you feel considerably better. - Decreased pain when changing positions or lying down. - A continuing, severe pain that comes and goes. These can range from minor discomfort to unbearable pain, lasting between a few days to a few months before subsiding. Nagging ache to the point of incapacitation is among the possible types of suffering. Depending on where the damaged disc is situated and how it radiates into the arms and hands, - Numbness and tingling in the extremities. - Leg muscle weakness or foot drop, which a nerve root injury might cause. ## How is degenerative disc disease diagnosed? A doctor will evaluate everything from your medical history to your physical examination and symptoms, as well as the circumstances in which you began suffering. Disc damage may be detected by magnetic resonance imaging, but it alone cannot confirm degenerative disc disease. ## How is degenerative disc disease treated? Treatment options include: - Artificial disc replacement - Surgical intervention - Acupuncture, back braces, and pain management treat symptoms nonoperatively. **Tags:** Conditions, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Digital Templating of Pre-Operative X-Rays](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/joint-care/digital-templating-of-pre-operative-x-rays/) **Published:** December 7, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Digital templating is a more advanced way to plan joint replacement surgeries without using x-rays. This technique maps out the joint replacement procedures in a more precise way. ## Digital Templating Digital templating allows the surgeon not only to map out where your hip implants will go but also will show what the implant will look like once implanted. Images of the prosthetic can be overlaid on the patient’s anatomy to show how it will fit. Once the implants are mapped out, the template can be used for more precise planning of the replacement surgery. It also means the surgeon doesn’t have to take time during the actual procedure to try different implant sizes to find the best fit. It also can be used to head off any possible complications during surgery. The software for digital templating includes images of different implant sizes made to fit each patient’s individual anatomy. While it’s used with hip replacements, digital templating can also be used on other orthopaedic surgeries, such as knee replacements. **Tags:** Joint Replacement, Procedures **Area:** Joint Replacement **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Dislocated Elbow](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/fracture-dislocations/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** A dislocated elbow is when one or more bones in the elbow move out of alignment with the other bones. It is the second most common joint dislocation behind the shoulder. Toddlers can get a dislocated elbow, called a nursemaid’s elbow, from being lifted or swung by their forearms. Often, we can put a dislocated elbow back into position without surgery. However, surgery may be needed if the bones don’t realign correctly or if any of the bones are broken. A dislocated elbow often results from a fall, mainly when someone throws out their hands to break that fall. Extreme pain and noticeable distortion of the joint are the primary symptoms. If an elbow is only partially dislocated, you may experience bruising and pain. If you suspect you have a dislocated or partially dislocated elbow, contact Princeton Orthopaedic Associates right away. Complications can arise if a dislocated elbow isn’t treated right away, including nerve and blood vessel damage, osteoarthritis, or fracture. ## Treating a Dislocated Elbow A doctor will examine the joint and test the hand for coldness or numbness, indicating the possibility of blood vessel or nerve damage. An x-ray will be performed to ensure there are no fractures. Some dislocations work themselves back into the correct position, but most will require a “reduction,” where the doctor maneuvers the bones back into place. You likely will be given pain medication or local anesthesia before this is done. Once the bones are put back into place, you may have to wear a sling for a few weeks while the tendons and ligaments heal. Otherwise, the bones could dislocate again. After such an injury, you will need physical therapy afterward to return the range of motion to the joint, which tends to stiffen. For those with fractures, torn ligaments or tendons, or blood vessel or nerve damage, surgery may be necessary to make the proper repairs and ensure the bones are in place correctly. You will wear a splint or sling afterward, and you will need physical therapy. - ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-16-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids pressman princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pressman-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "candids pressman princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Elbow, Procedures **Area:** Elbow **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Dupuytren’s Contracture](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/dupuytrens-contracture/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Patients with knots that form under the skin and bend their fingers may have a rare hand deformity known as Dupuytren’s Contracture. The deformity can make it difficult for the patient to straighten their fingers, which can reduce normal hand function. Dupuytren’s Contracture can lead to other conditions as well, including plantar fibromatosis. While it’s usually not painful, it can be debilitating. The cause of Dupuytren’s Contracture isn’t known, but it is believed to be influenced by genetics and tobacco and alcohol use. ## Treatment In mild cases, Dupuytren’s Contracture doesn’t need treatment and can simply be monitored by your doctor during your regular checkups. For more severe cases, steroid injections, radiation therapy, physical therapy, or needle aponeurotomy. With needle aponeurotomy, the doctor numbs the area and uses a needle to put holes in the stiffened tissue. The finger is then stretched out, loosening the tissue and allowing the fingers to bend and stretch more normally. In extreme cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the stiffened tissue. In rare cases, the finger may need to be amputated. - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-28-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 105](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-105-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 105 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Hand, Procedures, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Elbow Arthritis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/elbow-arthritis/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## What Is Elbow Arthritis? Elbow arthritis is what happens when the cartilage in the elbow becomes worn or damaged. Wear and tear can occur due to age and repetitive activity or following an injury such as a fracture or dislocation. Damage to cartilage in the elbow causes inflammation, which makes it painful to move around the joint. This can make sleeping very uncomfortable, especially if you are on your side. If you have elbow arthritis, you may experience severe pain any time you bend your arm. It can be severely debilitating and limit routine tasks such as cooking, eating or typing. However, these activities can become possible with a procedure from the orthopedic specialists at the Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. ### There are 3 types of elbow arthritis including: - Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common kind of elbow arthritis. It is an autoimmune disease, which means that the body’s immune system attacks and damages its own healthy tissues. Rheumatoid arthritis can affect any joint in the body, including fingers, wrists, hands, elbows, knees and ankles. - Post-traumatic arthritis: Arthritis caused by an injury to the elbow joint that causes inflammation. Treatment for it includes medication and physiotherapy. - Osteoarthritis: The least common type of elbow arthritis but it is more commonly caused as a result of overuse or an injury such as dislocation or fracture. ## Causes of Elbow Arthritis While the elbow is not considered a weight-bearing joint (such as a hip or a knee), there are still loads placed through this joint with daily activities. For example, whenever we push ourselves up from a chair, push a door open, lift or carry an object, we are placing stresses through the elbow. The joint may also be put through extra unexpected stress with the use of assistive devices (such as walkers and canes). However, while all stresses to the elbow are not necessarily bad, controlled stress (i.e., appropriate exercise) can be quite beneficial in helping to maintain motion, strength and bone density. ## SIgns and Symptoms of Elbow Arthritis The most common symptoms of elbow arthritis are: - Elbow pain during normal activities - Grinding, popping or cracking sensation in the elbow joint - Stiffness - Swelling - Decreased range of motion - Tenderness, warmth and redness in the elbow joint ## Diagnosing Elbow Arthritis When you come to us for a diagnosis of elbow arthritis, our Princeton Orthopaedic Associates specialists will examine your symptoms, perform a physical examination and ask about the underlying causes. It’s important to know so that we can take early steps in treatment options or prescribe medication if necessary. If further testing is needed, an orthopaedic specialist may order one or more of the following advanced imaging tests / tools: - X-ray - MRI - Musculoskeletal ultrasound - CT scan - ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-24-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-17-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treating Elbow Arthritis If you are diagnosed with elbow arthritis, Princeton Orthopaedic Associates will almost always try more conservative treatment options first that are designed to relieve pain in your elbow and improve functionality. Recommended treatments depend on your individual needs and goals for therapy. Many patients respond well to the proven therapies offered by our practice, which can effectively reduce discomfort in your elbow. ### Nonsurgical treatment options for elbow arthritis includes: - Activity modification - Corticosteroid injections - Icing or applying heat to the inflamed elbow - Pain or anti-inflammatory medication - Patient education about symptom management If these methods do not offer enough relief for your elbow arthritis, you may qualify for elbow surgery. Your orthopaedic team will discuss what the best options are for treating your particular case of elbow arthritis. ### Elbow Arthritis Surgery Elbow arthritis is a common condition that can be treated with surgery in some cases. Your orthopaedic surgeon may assess whether total elbow replacement or arthroscopic procedures, among others, will allow you to achieve your desired outcome. These surgeries are designed not only to help you get back to doing the things you want but also provide for enhanced functionality. You and your orthopaedic surgeon will determine if surgery is the right option for you. Depending on the severity of your unique case, your physician may recommend one or more of the following surgeries to treat elbow arthritis: ### Advanced Arthroscopic Techniques to Treat Elbow Arthritis Arthroscopic surgery is considered minimally invasive and can be used for pain relief of specific joint conditions. It entails making a small incision and inserting an arthroscope, which has a tiny camera that allows your doctor to see the bones, joints, ligaments and soft tissues in the elbow. Your doctor will be able to remove damaged tissue or repair any parts that have been harmed through this very small incision in your elbow. Recovery times are shorter with arthroscopic surgery because patients experience less pain and there are fewer wound complications in terms of infections. ### Total Elbow Replacement Our doctors have extensive experience with total elbow replacement utilizing artificial parts. It’s what they do best. In a total elbow replacement, the doctor replaces the component of your elbow, which includes the humerus and ulna, with artificial parts. Total elbow replacement surgery is usually regarded as a highly complicated procedure that may involve more than one specialist in order to ensure safe results. Total elbow replacements can either be performed using both elements being linked together or by separating them altogether – enabling for better mobility and greater flexibility after surgery. Physical therapy is extremely beneficial because it helps people who have been injured to regain movement. Total elbow replacements allow for restored mobility and eliminates or greatly reduces pain for a better quality of life. ## Elbow Arthritis Surgery Recovery Your arm may be in a cast for several weeks after surgery. Your doctor will recommend that you ice and elevate your elbow after surgery to reduce pain and swelling. Pain management specialists work with your orthopaedic team to significantly reduce or eliminate your pain to get your elbow back to maximum function as soon as possible. Our pain management program offers the latest techniques which reduce the need for narcotics. Depending on what condition you have, and what type of surgery you had, your doctor might have you begin physical therapy to: - improve range of motion and function - Increase strength and flexibility - Prevent stiffness in the elbow joint **Tags:** Conditions, Elbow **Area:** Elbow **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) For Chronic Plantar Fasciitis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/podiatry/eswt-for-chronic-plantar-fasciitis/) **Published:** December 10, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) is a non-invasive way to bring relief to those suffering from heel pain because of plantar fasciitis. The plantar fascia is a wide piece of tissue at the bottom of the foot that becomes stiff and inflamed over time. For some patients, a change in orthotics and certain exercises can alleviate the pain. For others, therapies such as ESWT may be necessary. ## Causes of Plantar Fasciitis There are several possible causes for plantar fasciitis. These include: - Shoes that lack proper support - Standing for long periods, particularly on hard surfaces - Overuse from high-impact activities - Frequent running or jogging - Doing a lot of walking - Having a high arch - Being obese or overweight - ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-40-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis Patients with mild or singular cases of plantar fasciitis may get relief with some of the more conservative treatments, such as custom orthotics, physical therapy, or steroid injections. The steroid injections can provide temporary relief, but they can weaken the tendons over time and cannot be used over the long term. Surgery may be required for severe chronic cases of plantar fasciitis. However, ESWT treatment offers a solid alternative for many patients rather than surgery. During the procedure, the surgeon finds the tender area of the heel and marks it with an X. A gel is applied to the heel, which will help the acoustic waves travel better through your skin. The shockwave probe is applied to the tender area of the heel, and the shockwaves are sent through the tissue into the heel. When finished, the gel is wiped off and the patient can go home as normal. The shockwaves stimulate the inflamed tissue, increasing blood flow and oxygen to the area. This decreases inflammation and promotes natural healing. Most patients can heal in about four visits of about 20 minutes each and can experience pain relief almost immediately. **Tags:** Podiatry, Procedures **Area:** Podiatry **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [First MTP Joint Arthrodesis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/first-mtp-joint-arthrodesis/) **Published:** November 24, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Joint arthrodesis is a technical term for joint fusion, a medical procedure used on patients with severe joint pain from conditions such as arthritis. First Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) Joint Arthrodesis is a procedure that fuses the joint at the base of the big toe. ## First MTP Arthrodesis Procedure First MTP Joint Arthrodesis is recommended for patients with chronic pain from conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. It is usually recommended when other methods, such as orthotics, cortisone injections, and pain medications are ineffective in alleviating pain. During the surgery, screws and a metal plate are inserted in the bones to hold them together and help them fuse. The procedure stabilizes the joint so the bones can no longer rub together and cause pain. Patients may experience swelling in the big toe after the surgery. This swelling may continue for several months while the toe heals and the bones fuse together. Patients usually report a reduction or even elimination of their joint pain after this surgery. Contact Princeton Orthopaedic Associates for more information on pain relief through First MTP Joint Arthrodesis. - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Levine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Procedures, Tibia **Area:** Foot and Ankle **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Flat Foot Treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/flat-foot-treatment/) **Published:** November 24, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Treatment for adults with flat feet usually involves the posterior tibial tendon, which runs down the back of the lower leg through the ankle and creates the arch in the foot by holding up the bones in the center of the foot. If that tendon is ruptured, it can cause the arch to fall and the foot to deform. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates has solutions to correct flat foot problems, from custom orthotics to surgery to repair the tendon. ## Flat Foot Causes Adult flat foot often can be attributed to the rupture of the posterior tibial tendon. People can have “flat feet” from childhood, where the arch isn’t significant, but it’s when the tendon tears that patients begin to experience pain. The ruptured tendon also causes the foot to roll inward and flatten. As that happens, supporting ligaments and tendons around the ankle and foot begin to stretch and tear, causing more pain and foot deformity. ## Flat Foot Treatment Treatment for mild flat foot conditions can consist of orthotics or braces to realign the foot and allow the tendon to heal properly. Those who also have deformities in the foot already likely will require surgery. Surgery consists of a calcaneal osteotomy. That means the heel bone is cut and shifted back into place. Another tendon is used to replace the torn tibial tendon. The results tend to be very effective, and recurrence tends to be low after this surgery. [Contact Princeton Orthopaedic Associates](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) today to find out how we can correct your flat foot issues. - ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-40-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Podiatry, Procedures, Tibia **Area:** Foot and Ankle, Podiatry **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Foot and Ankle Arthritis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/foot-and-ankle-arthritis/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** # What is Foot and Ankle Arthritis? Foot and ankle arthritis can be very painful and can limit your mobility. Eventually, it can even deform your foot or ankle as the joints wear down and the bones begin rubbing against one another and wearing each other down. Foot or ankle arthritis can be treated with pain management, specialized braces or shoe inserts, or even surgery. The first step is to diagnose the possible arthritis and determine the cause. It may be caused by a lifestyle issue, such as being on your feet too long each day or jogging in shoes that don’t protect your foot from impacts properly. The cause could be as the result of an infection or an inflammatory disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis. ## Foot and Ankle Anatomy The ankle is made up of the base of the tibia (shin bone), fibula (other leg bone) and talus (ankle bone). The foot has 30 bones, including the tarsals (upper foot), metatarsals (middle foot), and phalanges (toes). The joints of these bones are covered in a thin layer of tissue called the synovium, which protects the bones from friction from the muscles, tendons, and ligaments. The bones are separated by cartilage. Wear and tear over time can wear down the cartilage, inflame the synovium or ligaments, or deteriorate the bones. This can lead to various forms of arthritis, with osteoarthritis being one of the most common types. The foot and ankle can also be affected by inflammatory arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis. - ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Symptoms and Diagnosis of Foot and Ankle Arthritis The most obvious sign of arthritis in the foot or ankle is pain, but it’s when and how the pain occurs that helps us determine what type of arthritis and how best to treat it. The first step is to diagnose arthritis, and the most common way to do that is with x-rays or a CT scan. We will also examine how and when the pain is the most severe. Is it during the early morning or late in the evening? Does it flare up with more activity, or when pressure is applied to the joints? Does the joint swell or become red? Does walking become more difficult as the day wears on? Once we determine whether you have arthritis and the type of arthritis, we can create a treatment plan that is right for you. ## Treatment of Foot and Ankle Arthritis Treatment of your foot or ankle arthritis depends on the type, the severity, and the amount of damage to the joint. In many cases, arthritis can be treated without surgery. Instead, we create a treatment plan that includes changes in lifestyle, a regimen of medication, braces or other support devices, physical therapy, or a combination of those treatments. Patients who jog may need to change to a lower-impact activity, such as cycling. Patients may need to wear an ankle or foot brace to stabilize the arthritic joint. Over-the-counter medication can be used to reduce inflammation and pain. These are a few of the possible treatment plans that can be implemented. Surgery is another option. Early arthritis can be treated with arthroscopic surgery, which involves a small slit cut into the skin so a camera and surgical tool can be inserted for minimal invasiveness. The joint is cleaned up by removing excess bone or bone spurs, loose cartilage or the inflamed synovium. In more severe cases, open surgery may be used to pin bones together so that they fuse. Reducing their movement will reduce arthritis pain. Recovery from foot or ankle surgery can take several months because the injury needs to be fully healed before pressure or weight can be put on the foot. After the initial healing, the patient will likely undergo several weeks of physical therapy. Full recovery can take 4-9 months, depending on the complexity of the surgery and the rate of healing. **Tags:** Ankle, Conditions, Foot, Podiatry **Area:** Foot and Ankle, Podiatry **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Foot Bunion](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/foot-bunion/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** # What are Foot Bunions? Foot bunions form at the joint just below the big toe and show up as a bump on the inside of the foot. They can be extremely painful, and the longer they’re left untreated, the more painful they become. They also can cause the toe to move inward, making the bunion more pronounced and more painful. Bunions can affect anyone, but they tend to be found in women more often. That’s because a leading cause of bunions is shoes that are too narrow or too tight at the ball of the foot and at the toes. Bunions can also be caused by heredity and inflammatory conditions such as arthritis. ## What Is a Bunion? A bunion is a bump that forms when the phalanges (bones) of the big toe shift inward and the joint begins to swell and grow. That swelling shows up as a bump on the side of the foot. In most cases, narrow shoes are the big culprit. The longer the narrow shoes are worn, the worse the bunion will get. In many cases, wearing proper footwear can relieve bunion pain. If the shift of the big toe or the size of the bunion becomes excessive, surgery may be needed to repair the joint. - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-18-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 49](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-49-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 49 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Symptoms of a Bunion Most people would assume bunions are easy to diagnose thanks to the most obvious symptoms, the bending of the big toe inward and the bump on the side of the foot. In fact, symptoms of bunions can occur before that movement takes place. If treated early, bunions can be reduced or eliminated before they reach the extreme of bending the toe or needing surgery to correct. ### Symptoms include - Pain - Tenderness - Redness - Hardened skin on the bottom of the foot, particularly under the big toe - Callous or corn on the bump - Stiffness in the big toe - Difficulty walking Bunions can be diagnosed with a physical examination and x-rays. ## Treatment of a Bunion Bunion treatment can vary depending on the severity of the bunion. In cases where footwear is the culprit, the easiest treatment is to change footwear to allow for proper space for the toes. Pads made for bunions and orthopedic inserts can also reduce the pain of bunions and allow the foot to heal. Icing the bunion for several minutes each day can reduce the pain of a bunion. Over-the-counter medication can be used to reduce pain and inflammation. In extreme cases, surgery may be required to get rid of the bunion and properly position the big toe. Usually, surgery is only recommended if other measures have not succeeded. **Tags:** Ankle, Conditions, Foot, Podiatry **Area:** Foot and Ankle, Podiatry **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Foot Fractures](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/foot-fractures/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** # What is a Foot Fracture? There are two main types of foot fractures: Stress fractures and Traumatic fractures (car accidents, sports accidents, etc.). Because traumatic fractures usually involve an accident or impact, they’re easier to discover. Stress fractures may be less evident to the patient because they tend to occur due to moderate or excessive stress over time. With either type, it’s important to see a doctor right away for proper diagnosis and treatment. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we can diagnose and treat your fractures, as well as recommend ways to prevent further fractures. ## Traumatic or Accidental Foot Fractures Traumatic or accidental foot fractures happen immediately from everything from a car crash to an impact from a heavy weight to a simple misstep. Foot fractures occur when excessive stress is suddenly applied to the bone, cracking or breaking it. The effects are immediate and usually hard to miss. Symptoms of a traumatic or accidental fracture include pain, swelling, bruising, deformity, inability to put pressure on the foot, and tenderness. The symptoms usually are immediate and will last even with the foot at rest. If you suspect you have a fractured foot, it’s essential to see a doctor right away for diagnosis and treatment. ## Diagnosis and Treatment of a Traumatic Foot Fracture Because there are so many small bones in the foot, fractures will need imaging for a proper diagnosis. This can include x-rays, an MRI or a CT scan. Traumatic fractures may require surgery, depending on the severity of the fracture. If one or more bones are displaced, surgeons may have to put pins or plates in place to stabilize the bones and allow them to heal properly. Not treating a fracture can result in deformity, pain or a loss of mobility. Foot fractures usually take about 4-6 weeks to heal but may take longer depending on the severity of the fracture and which bones are involved, as some bones take longer to heal than others. Foot fractures may require the uses of crutches or a walking boot. Physical therapy may be needed to make sure the patient can use the foot properly again. - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") # What About a Stress Fracture? A stress fracture occurs over time, when moderate pressure is placed on the foot time and again, such as from running or other strenuous activities. Stress fractures can also occur just from walking or other daily repetitive activities in people who have weakened bones, such as those with osteoporosis. Stress fractures may be harder to detect initially because the bones aren’t displaced, or moved apart, like with traumatic injuries. The most obvious symptom is pain in the foot, particulary when the activity creating the fracture is carried out. If the pain persists after several days, even after resting, or if the pain returns a few days or weeks later with the same activity, then there is a chance it’s a stress fracture. Some swelling can occur, as well. Stress fractures most frequently occur in the metatarsals, which are the long bones in the middle of the foot. They also can occur in the navicular, which is a large bone that connects the metatarsals to the ankle bones. ## Diagnosis and Treatment of Stress Fractures Stress fractures will need to be diagnosed through imaging, such as x-rays or a CT or MRI scan. A physician will be able to diagnose your fracture and, through a series of questions, will be able to determine how you likely received the fracture. From there they will be able to offer solutions to keep the fracture from happening, from a change in footwear to a change in routine. Stress fractures rarely require surgery because the bones usually aren’t displaced. Most stress fractures will heal on their own fairly quickly, but a doctor may recommend a special shoe or even a walking boot (brace) to stabilize your foot and enable faster healing. The doctor may also recommend a regimen of over-the-counter painkillers, such as Tylenol or Ibuprofen. It is also important to refrain from the strenuous activity that caused the fracture for at least six weeks. It’s advised that the patient modify that activity in some way, from not participating to wearing special footwear, to prevent future stress fractures. The average time to heal is 4-6 weeks. The navicular bone can take much longer. Healing time also depends on whether the patient refrains from activity that could put more stress on the foot. Patients may be advised to take calcium with vitamin D to strengthen the bones and to crosstrain, so the foot gets a break occasionally from the initial cause of the stress fracture. **Tags:** Ankle, Conditions, Foot, Podiatry **Area:** Foot and Ankle, Podiatry **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Foot Fusion](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/foot-fusion/) **Published:** November 24, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Joint fusion, or arthrodesis, is a surgical procedure in which bones in a joint are fused together using screws, pins or metal plates. Arthrodesis is performed on patients with arthritis who haven’t responded to more traditional treatments, such as medications, cortisone injections, braces, or orthotics. The bones are fused together to prevent them from rubbing together and making the pain and arthritis worse. ## Foot Fusion Procedure Patients with arthritis in their feet may undergo subtalar and triple arthrodesis. There are three main joints in the back of the foot: the subtalar, the calcaneocuboid, and the talonavicular joints. In this surgery, all three of those joints are fused together. Screws are inserted to stabilize the bones and get them to grow together. Arthrodesis may be performed on those with foot deformities, as well. In those cases, a bone graft from below the knee may be used to correct the deformity. Arthrodesis usually relieves the patient’s pain, but it also can reduce their range of motion. That’s why this procedure usually isn’t done until other treatments are tried and found to be ineffective. To find out more about our joint fusion services, contact Princeton Orthopaedic Associates today! - ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Procedures, Tibia **Area:** Foot and Ankle **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Frozen Shoulder](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/frozen-shoulder/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** # What is a Frozen Shoulder? Frozen shoulder is a limited range of motion in the shoulder, often accompanied by pain and stiffness. Also called adhesive capsulitis, it can result from overuse or strain of the shoulder. Certain illnesses or diseases, such as stroke or diabetes, can also cause frozen shoulder. ## What Causes Frozen Shoulder? Frozen shoulder has several causes, most often from injury or surgery. Chronic diseases such as diabetes can also cause frozen shoulder. What happens is the tissue in the shoulder joint stiffens from misuse or lack of use. This makes it more difficult to use the shoulder joint. Frozen shoulder can affect anyone, but it’s seen more often in people ages 40-70. It also tends to show up more in women (particularly postmenopausal women) than in men. - ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-36-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Diagnosis and Treatment for a Frozen Shoulder Diagnosis of frozen shoulder includes a physical examination to gauge the lack of range of motion. Your doctor may also have the shoulder x-rayed to make sure the lack of motion isn’t caused by a fracture or arthritis. In many cases, treatment includes anti-inflammatory medications such as NSAIDs (ibuprofen, Alleve) and applying heat to the area. Then the patient does a series of gentle stretching exercises. The idea is to loosen the tissue and improve range of motion. In some cases, ice may be applied to reduce pain, inflammation, and swelling. Corticosteroid injections may also be used to reduce pain and inflammation. In extreme cases, surgery may be needed to loosen the tissue in the joint and allow for better movement and easier physical therapy. ## Prevention and Prognosis for a Frozen Shoulder Frozen shoulder may not be 100% preventable, but there are some steps you can take to try to prevent it. The best method is to gently stretch and use your shoulder after an injury. Make certain you consult with your doctor before doing any exercise with an injury. The good news is, frozen shoulder should fade over time as the injury heals and you exercise the shoulder more. **Tags:** Conditions, Shoulder **Area:** Shoulder **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Gout](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/gout/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## What Is Gout? Inflammatory arthritis which starts with pain and swelling of the big toe is most likely caused due to gout. Gout is a common, yet preventable type of inflammatory arthritis that results from an excess accumulation of uric acid in the blood. While gout is chronic and progressive, there are medication options including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and injections that can help relieve symptoms of this condition over time. Uric acid is a by-product that occurs naturally within the body during digestion and the breakdown of certain foods (called purines) like red meat and seafood. While gout is hereditary, it affects men more frequently than women by a ratio of about 3 to 1. ## Signs and Symptoms of Gout One of the first signs that someone has gout is sudden pain in one or more joints. Gout usually affects the big toe first, but it can also cause pain in other joints, like the ankle, foot and knee. In severe cases of gout, a person may experience pain in the fingers or wrists. In addition to the pain in his joints, an individual with gout may also experience kidney stones and damage to his or her kidneys. Gout symptoms almost always begin suddenly — often at night. The most common symptoms are: - **Intense joint pain** - **Lingering discomfort** - **Inflammation and redness** - **Limited range of motion** ## What Causes Gout? Gout occurs when urate crystals accumulate in your joints. This causes the sudden inflammation and intense pain of a gout attack. Urate crystals can form when you have high levels of uric acid in your blood. Your body produces uric acid when it breaks down purines, which are compounds that are naturally present in your body. Purine-rich foods are particularly common in red meat and organ meats, such as the liver. Other foods high in purine include gravies, sardines, fish entrees such as scallops, mussels and tuna. Beer is also extremely high in purines, so it can be wise to limit your intake of alcoholic beverages if you're susceptible to gout attacks. Fruit containing drinks should also be avoided due to their high levels of fructose which can contribute to an imbalance. Uric acid will normally dissolve in your blood and pass right through your kidneys into your urine with no problem. However, sometimes your body produces too much uric acid — or, conversely, your kidneys excrete too little uric acid. Uric acid builds up when this happens, forming sharp, needlelike urate crystals in a joint or surrounding tissue. This can cause intense, sudden pain, inflammation and swelling. ## Who Is Most at Risk for Gout? Men are 300% more likely than women to be diagnosed with gout. However, people with one or more of the following conditions are at a higher risk than average. - diabetes - kidney dysfunction - heart disease - high cholesterol - high triglycerides - obesity In a nutshell, you're more likely to develop gout if you have high levels of uric acid in your body. The following factors can increase the uric acid level in your body — so managing these factors well can help mitigate your risk for gout.: - **Diet.** Eating a diet containing high-quality proteins and seafood rich in Omega3 fatty acids, accompanied by an adequate amount of fruit sugars may help to maintain a normal uric acid level, thus decreasing one's risk of experiencing gout. Moderate alcohol consumption will not increase the risk of developing this condition. - **Weight.** Extra weight puts a strain on your kidneys, which means your body produces more uric acid, making you more prone to gout attacks. - **Medical conditions.** Gout strikes people who are at risk more often than those without the condition. These risk factors include a family history of gout, untreated high blood pressure, chronic conditions such as diabetes and heart disease, as well as metabolic syndrome. - **Age and sex.** Gout affects predominantly men, as they are more likely to develop higher levels of uric acid in the blood than women. As such, gout is generally commoner in middle aged men but even a number of women have been affected by gout's symptoms later in life. - **Recent surgery or trauma.** Experiencing recent surgery or trauma can sometimes lead to gout problems. In some people, receiving a vaccination can trigger a gout flare. - ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 47](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-47-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 47 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## How Is Gout Diagnosed? Diagnosis of gout usually involves: - a physical exam of the joints - X-rays of affected joints - extraction synovial fluid of an affected joint to look for crystals of uric acid At least 6 of the following 12 markers must be present to receive a definitive diagnosis of gout: - a tophus (urate crystal deposits in the joints or body) - an episode of arthritis in a single joint - a history of more than one such episode of arthritis - redness of the skin around a joint (erythema) - swollen or painful big toe joint (the metatarsophalangeal or MTP joint) - inflammation of the big toe joint on one foot only - inflammation of one or more midfoot joints on one foot only - rapid joint swelling that reaches a maximum level within a 24-hour period - elevated levels of uric acid in the blood - an X-ray showing uneven (asymmetric) swelling in a joint - an X-ray showing joint cysts or bone erosions without any indication of prior inflammation - joint inflammation where the joint fluid tests negative for infection ## How Is Gout Treated? Changes in diet and avoiding foods with high purine content reduces the inflammation and pain associated with gout. Your doctor may prescribe nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce swelling, such as one of the following: - allopurinol - colchicine - febuxostat - lesinurad - pegloticase Most people who suffer from gout attacks must take medication going forward. If your doctor prescribes colchicine to prevent gout attacks and you have an attack while taking the drug, the attacks will return when you stop. If you are given allopurinol in order to reduce the blood's uric acid levels (to reduce gout attacks) or to reduce urine's uric acid levels (to reduce kidney stones), stopping treatment brings risk of attack and disease back up. Whether you're taking medication for your gout or not, it's vital to limit your intake of foods high in purines. Studies have shown that even when medications fail to work, changing a patient's diet can significantly reduce the number of gout attacks they experience. **Tags:** Conditions **Area:** Foot and Ankle **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Hamstring Injuries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/hamstring-injuries/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** # What Are Hamstring Injuries? A hamstring injury is a tear in the muscle tissue of your thigh. These injuries are common to athletes and occur because tendons or large muscles have ripped. They can happen in varying degrees of severity. When a hamstring is strained or torn, the severity may be graded on a scale from 1 - 3, with no tear being the least severe and complete tearing – where there is actually an incision through the muscle tissue – being the most severe, scaling upwards. The recovery period depends on how badly one has been injured; it could take weeks to completely heal from a mild strain while it could still be an ongoing process after sustaining a serious muscle tear (grades 2 or 3). ## What Causes a Hamstring Injury? A hamstring injury occurs when one or more of the muscles in this area are stretched beyond their normal limit. The severity varies from mild to serious, and a hamstring pull can range from a few days to several weeks recovery depending on the type of strain. Hamstring injuries are common and include strains, so keeping up with your exercise routine can help you prevent it from happening. It could also occur gradually through slower movements such as those associated with jogging, walking or even running. If a person has previously sustained an injury to the same area, it is more likely for them to be injured again as their body may not have been given time to heal properly between bouts of repetitive strain. The hamstrings are a group of three muscles located in the back of the thigh. They are the most common muscles injured in professional football and usually occur during the “push-off” phase of running. Several factors can predispose an athlete to injury, including older age, previous hamstring injury, less flexibility in the hamstrings, lack of hamstring strength, and fatigue. Such injuries are common in professional football players, as running is a key component of the position. - ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-17-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Stier-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Stier-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-22-1024x683.jpg "candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## How Are Hamstring Injuries Diagnosed? Injuries to these muscles are very common in sprinters, such as football or soccer players. A physical exam is often used to diagnose the injury. Patients may complain of pain in the back of their thigh and difficulty when kicking their legs backwards during running. They may also report a stabbing, cramping sensation in the back of their leg and may be unable to run as a result. When examining these muscles one can often see swelling and bruising, signs that the muscle has been injured. In severe cases there may be a palpable defect in the muscle. The severity of the injury is graded on a scale from 1-3. Grade 1 injuries are mild, with only a few muscle fibers being torn and no loss in muscle strength. Grade 2 injuries are moderate injuries with a loss in hamstring strength. Grade 3 injuries are the most severe, representing a complete tear of the hamstrings and a loss in strength. ## Treatment for Hamstring Injuries The majority of injuries to the hamstring muscle are partial thickness tears. In other words, only part of the muscle has been torn. These can most often be treated successfully with rest, ice, compression, elevation (also known as RICE), and taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen. This will be done for the first week, followed by progressive functional physical therapy for three to four more weeks as needed. Return to full activity is usually allowed when the patient is pain free, has full range of motion, and full strength. More severe injuries such as partial tears with significant loss of strength and complete tears lead to longer periods of rest with conservative management. Complete hamstring tears with retraction of the muscle can lead to significant functional impairment and lost playing time. In a study out of Duke University Medical Center, Forty-two percent of patients with these complete tears were unable to run or participate in sports requiring agility. When a player has a hamstring injury, one common problem is that they don't use rehab properly. If the athlete doesn't continue to challenge their leg muscles during rehab, then the injury is more likely to occur again. The main cause for this is when an athlete does too much too soon. For example playing basketball or running before the muscle has healed properly and become strong again. This can lead to reinjury. He or she should also avoid climbing flights of stairs, hill walking or jogging up steep hills until they are told by their doctor that they have regained their strength. The doctors usually want to see that they can squat at least 100 pounds (45kg) and lunge on both legs without causing pain in the injured leg before they allow them to continue exercising at full intensity. **Tags:** Conditions, Diagnostic, Non-Operative, Non-Surgical, Physiatric **Area:** Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Heel Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/podiatry/heel-pain/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** # What is Heel Pain? Heel pain has many causes, from plantar fasciitis to fracture to different types of arthritis. Heel pain can be mild or severe enough to make walking difficult. While some types of heel pain will heal on their own with treatment, others may require medical treatment, from special footwear to surgery. ## Types of Heel Pain Heel pain can result from injuries, inflammation, or chronic conditions. Treatment of heel pain depends on the cause, which is why it’s so important to seek medical attention if the pain is acute after an accident or if the pain persists over several days or weeks. ## Causes of heel pain include: - Tendonitis (inflammation) or rupture of the tendon - Bone/heel spurs - Bone tumors - Bursitis or retrocalcaneal bursitis - Peripheral neuropathy - Stress fractures - Plantar fasciitis - Reactive or Rheumatoid arthritis - Tarsal tunnel syndrome - Haglund’s deformity - Bone infection/osteomyelitis - Sarcoidosis - Traumatic injury/fracture - ![candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Boriello-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-07-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Boniello - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-36-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Diagnosis and Treatment of Heel Pain Diagnosis of heel pain involves a physical examination and questions regarding your pain or discomfort, such as how long you’ve had it, whether certain activities make it worse, or whether you’ve recently suffered a traumatic injury. The next step of diagnosis is to get images of your foot. This can include x-rays, CT scans or MRI scans. Some types of heel pain, such as inflammation, may be difficult to see even with imaging, which is why a physical examination is important. Treatment can vary depending on the cause of the heel pain. Treatment can range from a simple change in lifestyle or activities to specialized footwear to pain management. In some cases, surgery may be needed to correct issues such as traumatic injury fractures or bone spurs. The doctors at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates will work with you to find the best solution to your heel pain. **Tags:** Conditions, Podiatry **Area:** Podiatry **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Hip Arthroscopy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/hip-arthroscopy/) **Published:** December 8, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Hip arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows a surgeon to examine and repair the hip joint using small incisions and a tiny camera. It has become more common for those needing hip surgery because it results in faster recovery and fewer complications than the open surgeries of the past. Repairs made through hip arthroscopy can delay or eliminate the need for a full hip replacement later. ## What Can Hip Arthroscopy Do? Surgeons can perform several repairs using hip arthroscopy. They can also use it to diagnose problems by taking a closer look at the hip joint and determine whether a hip arthroscopy surgery can make the repairs or whether a full hip replacement will be needed. Some of the more common hip arthroscopy procedures include treatment for hip impingement, labral tear repair, bone spur removal, inflamed joint lining removal, and loose cartilage removal. - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 31](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-31-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 31 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-34-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Moscwa-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-35-1024x683.jpg "candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 35 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Hip Arthroscopy Procedures Patients usually undergo general anesthesia or regional anesthesia, which numbs the patient from the waist down. The patient’s leg is then pulled in traction to create space in the hip joint for the surgical instruments to move and perform their functions. Small incisions are made for the surgical instruments and the camera, which gives the surgeon a close-up view of the hip joint. A portable x-ray may also be used during the procedure to get a broader view of the joint. The surgeon injects the joint with a water-based solution to create a fluid pressure to hold the joint open and to reduce bleeding. The camera is then inserted to visualize the joint better, and the instruments are inserted through another incision. The surgeon will look for needed repairs, such as loose cartilage, bone spurs, or a torn labrum (the cartilage around the hip socket). Once the procedure is complete, the surgeon will close the incisions with dissolvable sutures and cover them with bandages. The patient may need to use crutches to keep weight off the hip joint for a week or two. ## Recovery from Hip Arthroscopy Recovery times from hip arthroscopy are shorter than with an open surgery. The patient may feel some pain after the surgery in the hip joint and possibly the knee from the traction. Fluid may remain in the hip for a few days after the surgery but will be absorbed by the body over time. Patients experience some swelling, which should disappear after about a week. Full recovery time will depend on the type of procedure performed. In general, patients undergoing hip arthroscopy will do about six weeks of physical therapy and can make a full recovery in 3-6 months. **Tags:** Procedures, Sports Medicine **Area:** Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Hip Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty For Femoral Neck Fracture](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/general-orthopaedics/hip-bipolar-hemiarthroplasty/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## **What Is A Hip Fracture?** Hip fractures can occur in several different ways, but they usually occur in the femoral neck area of the bone. This is a thin section of the thigh bone that helps to connect the "ball" end of the bone to the main shaft. A fracture in this region can cut blood supply to vital joint parts and cause irreversible damage, which we cannot treat with conservative methods. Surgery is often necessary to repair such an injury effectively. If you experience severe pain in your hip, seek medical attention right away. ## **What Is A Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty?** Surgery is an effective treatment option for patients with femoral neck fractures, primarily performed by an experienced group of surgeons. When the head of the femur is fractured, a hemiarthroplasty may be necessary to fix the hip and reduce pain/mobility restrictions. This procedure replaces one half of the hip joint with a prosthetic while leaving the other half intact. For patients with arthritis in their remaining hip joint from having previously suffered a fracture, it's best to use a bipolar version with a head that swivels during movement. This helps reduce the amount of wear and tear on your new hip joint for longer-lasting results! An advantage of bipolar hemiarthroplasty is that it means less stress and strain for patients than in total hip arthroplasty. Patients also tend to experience greater stability and a lower risk of protrusion into the acetabulum than in classical hip hemiarthroplasty. - ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 49](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-49-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 49 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-16-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **What Should I Expect During My Hip Surgery?** During a hemiarthroplasty procedure, the damaged femoral head and neck are removed and replaced with a small spherical artificial ball (prosthetic) held in place by either cement or acrylic bone cement. Physical therapy is essential following this procedure to help restore movement and normal joint function. Most patients begin therapy the very next day — or as soon as they feel comfortable after surgery. Most patients experience effective, long-term results from this method of treatment. ## **How long does it take to recover from a Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty?** Recovering from hip replacement surgery can be a long and challenging process, and there's no easy way through it. After any major surgery, the idea for most patients is that of complete relaxation and ongoing therapy until they are completely healed. Perhaps the best thing to do is to educate yourself about what to expect after such invasive replacements, so you're not caught off guard when you're ready to take your last step down the road to recovery. As soon as possible after your surgery, you will start physical therapy to learn how to move your body without dislocating your hip. You will need to follow a few precautions until your hip is fully healed. Most often, this means: - Avoid twisting at the hips. - Keep your shoulders, hips, knees, and feet facing forward. - Do not let your affected leg cross the center of your body toward the other leg. Your physical therapist may also recommend that you do not cross your legs or feet. After a bipolar hemiarthroplasty, you will want to be very careful as you get in or out of bed or a car. Imagine a line that goes down the middle of your body, and make sure your leg does not cross it until you are fully healed. For added comfort, keep a pillow between your knees any time you are lying down. If you are lying on your back, the pillow should rest under the affected leg and on top of the other leg. This will help you turn onto your side without twisting at the hips. To learn more about our **Hip Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty Services**, please [**contact us**](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) today to schedule an appointment! **Tags:** General Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Surgery, Procedures **Area:** General Orthopaedics **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Hip Fractures](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/hip-fracture/) **Published:** December 7, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Intertrochanteric hip fractures are a type of fracture that involves the upper part of the femur, or thigh bone. The hip is actually made up of two main bones: the femur and the pelvis. An intertrochanteric fracture occurs when the femur is broken just below the ball socket joint with the hip, where the bone turns toward the hip. Two common methods of treatment for such hip fractures are open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) repair and intramedullary hip screws (IMHS) repair. ## ORIF and IMHS Hip Fracture Treatments Intertrochanteric hip fractures can result from traumatic falls, vehicle accidents, or sports injuries. Unlike other types of hip fractures, these don’t cut off blood flow to the bone and usually don’t require partial or full hip replacement. The intertrochanteric hip fracture can be repaired through ORIF technique, which involves realigning the bones during surgery and holding the pieces in place with hardware, usually metal plates and screws affixed to the outside of the bone. The IMHS surgery involves supporting the bone by putting metal rods inside where the marrow is and securing the rods with screws. Unless the hardware later causes pain, it usually stays in the body permanently. The advantage of these surgeries is to provide more support for the bones, which allows the patient to begin moving the joint again sooner. It also allows the patient to begin physical therapy sooner. Patients can usually begin walking about 4-6 weeks after the hip fracture is repaired, but physical therapy is needed for restoration of full mobility of the joint. The average recovery time is 3-4 months. **Tags:** Hip, Procedures, Sports Medicine **Area:** Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Hoffman Procedure](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/hoffman-procedure/) **Published:** November 24, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** The Hoffman Procedure is used to treat patients with severe foot deformities due to chronic conditions such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, hammertoe, or severe bunion. This surgical procedure is used to provide pain relief for patients and to help them with balance and mobility. ## What Is the Hoffman Procedure? The Hoffman Procedure is a surgery that involves removing all of the metatarsal heads. These are the bones in the middle of the foot that connects with the phalanges, or toe bones. The ends of the metatarsals are cut off to eliminate the deformed, bony ends of the joint. Doing this changes where the patient bears weight on their foot, moving the weight-bearing area further down the foot to an area of more support. This helps improve balance and reduces pain. Most patients who undergo this procedure report reduced or eliminated pain in their feet. This is commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis patients with foot deformities. However, this procedure has also been used on diabetic patients who have dealt with ulceration of their feet. The procedure has also been used to correct severe hammertoes or severe bunions. Eliminating the metatarsal heads allows space to realign the big toe and relieve the patient’s pain. To find out more about the Hoffman Procedure, contact Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. We can discuss this and other options to treat your foot pain! - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-16-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 43](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-43-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 43 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Procedures, Tibia **Area:** Foot and Ankle **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Humerus IM Rodding and ORIF](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/humerus-im-rodding-and-orif/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** The humerus is the upper arm bone. Fracture of this bone often can be treated with a cast or brace and a sling. More severe breaks will require surgery to be repaired. Surgical repairs may include inserting surgical hardware or even a metal rod to stabilize the bone. ## Surgical Options and Recovery If the humerus has multiple breaks or one where the bone is fractured and dislocated, surgery may be necessary to ensure the bone heals properly. In these cases, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) surgery or Intramedullary rod (IM rodding) may be necessary. During ORIF surgery, an incision is made near the break so the broken ends of the humerus can be realigned. Metal plates or screws are often put in to hold the fractured bones in place and stabilize the humerus. In IM rodding surgery, an incision is made near the elbow or the shoulder, and a metal rod is inserted through the shaft of the bone to keep the bone in place while it heals. Both surgeries allow for faster and more precise healing, as well as faster recovery times for the patient. Patients are able to move their shoulders and elbows sooner, so they don’t become as stiff as with braces or slings. - ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Moscwa-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Procedures, Shoulder, Trauma **Area:** Shoulder, Trauma Care **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [IM Rodding of the Femur](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/trauma/femur-surgery/) **Published:** December 7, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Intramedullary rodding of the femur sounds complicated, but it’s more simple than it seems. The procedure is used for patients who have had severe fractures of the thigh bone. The procedure is the most common treatment for those with a break in the femur shaft. ## Procedure and Recovery The rod used in this procedure is called the “intramedullary” because the rod goes inside of the bone where the marrow is located. The two ends of the bone are held in place with the metal rod, and screws connect the rod above and below the fracture. The rod stabilizes the bone and helps the patient support the weight of their body. This procedure allows patients to begin moving and using the leg sooner than with other treatments. With the extra support, the patient is able to start physical therapy sooner and get mobility back at a faster rate. As with any surgery, complications can arise. A patient may experience pain and other symptoms at the insertion site. If the pain continues, the rod may be removed later. For most patients, however, the rod may remain throughout their lifetime and continue to provide support for the leg. **Tags:** Procedures, Trauma **Area:** Trauma Care **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Broken Wrist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/broken-wrist/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Excerpt:** A broken wrist is a break or a crack in one or more bones in the wrist, including the eight carpal bones and the end of the forearm bones, called the radius and the ulna. Some breaks can be obvious, while others are more subtle. Either way, it’s essential to have a wrist break taken care of right away. **Content:** A broken wrist is a break or a crack in one or more bones in the wrist, including the eight carpal bones and the end of the forearm bones, called the radius and the ulna. Some breaks can be obvious, while others are more subtle. Either way, it’s essential to have a wrist break taken care of right away. Delay in treatment could allow the bones to set incorrectly, resulting in pain or loss of mobility later. ## Symptoms of a Broken Wrist Some breaks are easier to spot than others. Displacement breaks are the easiest to see because the wrist is often bent at an odd angle or where it shouldn’t be, such as at the top of the forearm. Hairline fractures or cracks are harder to see because the bones aren’t actually moved from their regular locations. Symptoms of a broken wrist include pain, tenderness, bruising, swelling, or deformity of the wrist. Numbness or limited mobility of the hand, finger, or wrist can also be a sign. Contact us right away if you have any of these symptoms after a sports injury, fall, direct blow, car accident, or other accident. ## Treatment of a Broken Wrist We will use x-rays to determine whether your wrist is fractured. If a fracture is found, we can recommend treatment based on the severity. Treatment can range from a cast and pain treatment with over-the-counter pain medication to surgery for severe breaks. [Visit us right away if you suspect you have broken your wrist.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) - ![xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Xray-Casting-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Xray-Casting-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-20-1024x683.jpg "xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Xray-Casting-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Conditions, Forearm, Hand, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [EMG/NCS Studies](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/diagnostic/emgncs-studies/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Nerves and muscles sometimes need specialized testing to diagnose disorders and diseases that might affect them properly. That’s why we provide electrodiagnostic testing, specifically electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction study (NCS). ## What Is EMG? Electromyography is a form of electrodiagnostic testing that involves placing tiny needles in a muscle and using those needles to measure the electrical activity in the muscle. A patient is asked to relax the muscle, then tense it. The needles then measure the amount of electrical activity produced by the patient’s stimulation of the muscle. ## What Is an NCS? A nerve conduction study uses a series of electrodes placed over targeted nerves to measure the speed signals travel through the nerve. The electrodes are placed on the skin, and a small electric current stimulates the nerve. The electrodes then measure the speed as the signals travel through the nerve. ## Why Use EMG/NCS? The EMG and NCS are often used together for the best results. The two forms of electrodiagnostic testing are used to diagnose injuries or conditions that affect the nerves, such as carpal tunnel syndrome, thoracic outlet syndrome, joint injuries, and other conditions. EMG/NCS is often used on patients reporting problems with muscles or nerves, including pain, weakness, numbness, loss of motion, and other symptoms. The tests are used to determine the severity and progression of any nerve damage caused by injury or disease. Doctors can then use the results to determine the best path for the patient’s recovery. If you would like more information on our EMG/NCS services, [contact our office to schedule an appointment.](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/request-an-appointment/) - ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Stier-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-39-1024x683.jpg "candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Diagnostic, Non-Surgical, Physiatric, Procedures **Area:** Diagnostic, Non-Operative **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Joint Dislocation](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/joint-dislocation/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## What Is Joint Dislocation? A dislocation is a type of trauma sustained to a joint. It is characterized by a forced separation of bone segments within the joint. This can result in damage to ligaments, cartilage and tendons, as well as possible instability after the dislocation has occurred. While dislocation occurs most frequently in the shoulders and fingers, it is also seen in other areas, including the elbows, knees and hips. Because this injury is painful and temporarily deforms and immobilizes your joint, it’s important to seek medical attention right away if you suspect a dislocation. A trained professional will help return your bones to their proper positions. With proper treatment, most dislocated joints will return to normal function after several weeks of rest and rehabilitation. However, some joints, such as your shoulder, may have an increased risk of repeat dislocation after an initial injury. ## Signs and Symptoms of Joint Dislocation A person with a dislocated joint will typically experience one or more of the following symptoms: - Intense pain - Swelling or discoloration around the joint - Joint impossible or very difficult to move - Numbness or tingling at the joint - Joint is visibly out-of-place ## When To See A Doctor For A Dislocated Joint While it can be difficult to tell whether a bone is broken or dislocated, when to go to the doctor is a simple answer in either case: right away. Whenever possible, try to ice the joint and avoid moving it while you're waiting to be seen by a doctor. ## What Causes Joint Dislocation? Dislocations happen most commonly in sports such as football and hockey but they also occur in other kinds of sports that involve a lot of contact. For example, downhill skiing, gymnastics and volleyball. Basketball players dislocate their joints quite frequently as well by accident because they accidentally hit the ball or are hit by another player during a game. Other common causes include car accidents or landing on an outstretched arm during a fall. - ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 25](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-25-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 25 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 25](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-25-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 25 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Top Joint Dislocation Risk factors While a dislocated joint can happen to anyone, some people may be especially prone to such an injury: - **Susceptibility to falling.** Dislocated joints commonly occur when people try to brace themselves for a fall but land forcefully on a body part (such as your hip or shoulder). - **Genetics.** Some people are simply born with ligaments that are looser than average. This makes them more prone to injury than other people might be in a similar circumstance. - **Sports.** People who participate in high-impact or contact sports like basketball, wrestling, gymnastics, and football are more likely to experience a joint dislocation in their lifetime. - **Car accidents.** Dislocated hips occur most often due to motor vehicle accidents, especially for people not wearing a seat belt. ## Possible Complications from Joint Dislocation It’s important to seek medical treatment right away to reduce the risk of complications from a dislocated joint. Possible complications include: - Torn muscles, ligaments or tendons that reinforce the injured joint - Damage to nerve or blood vessels in or around the affected joint - Increased susceptibility to reinjury in severe or repeated dislocation injuries - Increased likelihood for arthritis in the affected joint as you age Surgery may be required to repair an injury in severe cases, such as when there is stretching or tearing of tendons or muscles that support an injured joint or in cases where there damage to nerves or blood vessels surrounding the joint. ## How to Prevent a Dislocated Joint The best way to prevent dislocated joints is to take precautions to avoid falls and accidents for you or your loved ones. Be sure to get your eyes checked regularly as you age. When you start a new prescription, ask your doctor or pharmacist if there’s a chance it may make you dizzy. Ensure adequate lighting throughout your home and remove potential tripping hazards from walkways. If you play sports, play safely! Wear all the recommended protective gear when you play contact sports in particular. And finally, if you’ve ever dislocated a joint previously, take extra care because you might be more susceptible to future dislocations. Your doctor or physical therapist can recommend strength and stability exercises to improve joint support going forward. **Tags:** Conditions, Sports Medicine **Area:** Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Kidner Procedure](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/kidner-procedure/) **Published:** November 24, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Some people are born with an extra bone in their foot. Normally, there are seven bones in the back part of the foot known as the tarsal bones. Some people have an eighth bone, and over time, that bone can cause pain. The Kidner Procedure is a surgery that removes that extra bone, alleviating the patient’s pain. ## An Extra Foot Bone The foot is made up of three types of bones: the tarsals (back of the foot), the metatarsals (middle of the foot), and the phalanges (toe bones). Most people have seven tarsals, including a bone called the navicular, which is situated between the ankle bone and the smaller tarsal bones. A few people have a small extra bone called the accessory navicular. This bone sits between the navicular and the posterior tibial tendon, which attaches the lower leg to the arch of the foot. Over time, that extra bone can rub the tendon, causing pain. This is especially true when walking or playing sports. Not all accessory navicular bones cause pain. For those that do, Kidner Procedure surgery is recommended. ## What Is the Kidner Procedure? The Kidner Procedure begins by detaching the accessory navicular bone from the posterior tibial tendon and removing it from the foot. With the bone removed, the surgeon then attaches the tendon onto the proper navicular bone. The surgery usually involves a small incision on the side of the foot that is closed with stitches. Recovery time for the Kidner Procedure is usually about six weeks. Patients may need to use crutches during that time. With the problem bone removed, the patient should no longer have pain once they recover from the surgery. - ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 45](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-45-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 45 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Procedures, Tibia **Area:** Foot and Ankle **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Knee Arthroscopy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/knee-arthroscopy/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure to examine and diagnose issues within the knee joint. It is often used to confirm a diagnosis by image testing such as x-rays or MRI or CT scans. In a few cases, the arthroscopy incision can also be used to allow surgical instruments to make repairs to the joint. ## Knee Arthroscopy Procedure A tube is inserted in a small incision in the knee containing a tiny camera, a light, and a magnifying lens during this procedure. The tube is moved around the joint to examine it more thoroughly and provide a more detailed diagnosis. In some cases, additional instruments are put through the incision to repair issues, including mild arthritis, a torn meniscus, a torn ACL or PCL, synovitis, kneecap misalignment, or loose bone or cartilage. Arthroscopic diagnosis and surgery offer several benefits to the patients, including less bleeding, scarring, and recovery time. It also means the patient can begin physical therapy and other activity sooner than traditional open knee surgery. Physical therapy tends to be more comfortable because muscles and tendons aren’t cut during the surgery. - ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-39-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Knee, Procedures, Sports Medicine **Area:** Knee, Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Knee Replacement Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/joint-care/knee-replacement-physical-therapy/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** As knee replacement physical therapy specialists, we know that your knee is one of the most important joints in your body. Knees are vital for activities such as walking, running and climbing stairs. Knee replacement surgery is a common procedure to replace an arthritic or damaged knee with a prosthetic joint. A knee replacement, as the name implies, is performed to restore or improve the surfaces of a person's knee joint rather than the entire structure. The surrounding tissues and tendons are left in place. It reminds me of a dentist replacing a filling on a tooth: We're putting new caps on the bones instead of removing them. Knee replacement surgery generally lasts one to two hours. It's usually done using regional anesthesia, such as an epidural block. This implies that only the surgical area is numbed. Many patients want some medicine to help them relax and put them into a light sleep. Over 90 percent of patients are able to go home within 24 hours, but after that you may want to know what life will be like with your new knee. Here's what I tell my patients about their future.. ## **What to expect after knee replacement surgery** Following surgery, the staff at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates encourages patients to get up and start walking right away. That's because there will be a lot of swelling and inflammation, so moving the joint is essential to avoid it from becoming frozen. ## **Physical therapy is key to recovering from knee surgery** After knee replacement surgery, physical therapy is critical. We have a program at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates that allows patients to do PT virtually at home. A therapist provides you with workouts to follow and may give you video feedback via web conference. This was an option available from Princeton Orthopaedic Associates long before the COVID-19 epidemic, but we've taken it to a new level now and it's fantastic. If you'd rather meet with a physical therapist in person, you can do so. - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-18-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-18-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-22-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Recovery from knee surgery is a little different for everyone** The vast majority of patients are well on their way to recovery after six weeks and feeling close to normal three months following surgery. Minor pains and aches can persist for a time. Depending on the type of knee replacement you have, your rehabilitation time will vary. For at least a few weeks, you'll need to walk with a cane. Returning to work might take anywhere from a couple of weeks to several months; however, it is most often around two weeks long. For the first four to six weeks following surgery, therapy will concentrate on regaining movement. Many people have atrophied or limited muscles due to inactivity, particularly if they had kept restricted activities for a long time. Because they may take longer to recuperate, it's critical to continue an exercise program that emphasizes strength building. ## **Limitations after Knee Replacement Surgery** There are very few long-term limitations after knee replacement surgery. Long-distance running, in particular, is something we urge my patients to avoid. It has a lot of force on your knee and is high impact and repetitive. Other kinds of physical exercise and sports are quite safe. What matters most is that you avoid doing anything that makes you uncomfortable. Because it compresses the joint and applies direct pressure to it, some individuals are concerned about kneeling. Kneeling is fine if you don't mind it, but if it makes you uncomfortable, consider placing a cushion beneath your knee, especially if you're kneeling on a hard surface. The major reason we impose limits on your activities is that we want your implants to endure a lifetime. It's more crucial for you to obey these guidelines if you're younger, for example, than if you're older, in your 40s or 50s. We don't have a specific time limit for these implants, but most knee replacements typically survive at least 20 to 30 years. Our goal, however, is for them to endure a lifetime. ## **How to Prepare for Knee Replacement Surgery** It's as important to prepare for surgery as it is to recover afterward. A little planning can go a long way. We take a variety of measures both before and after surgery at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates in order to help our patients heal faster. For example, we provide customized programs to assist people in shedding pounds and quitting smoking before surgery since research has shown that they can aid with recovery. Before knee surgery, we help patients strengthen muscles around the knee that may be weakened, allowing them to recover more effectively. We also give extremely individualized assistance to those suffering from sleep apnea, rheumatoid arthritis, or other diseases that might impede recovery. **Tags:** Conditions, Joint Replacement **Area:** Joint Replacement **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Kyphoplasty](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/kyphoplasty/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Kyphoplasty is a procedure to help patients with vertebral compression fractures of the spine. These fractures often form because of osteoporosis, traumatic injury, or spinal tumors. Mild fractures can be treated with braces, rest, and medication. Cases with severe pain and limited motion may need surgery. ## Surgery and Recovery With kyphoplasty, a needle is inserted into the compressed vertebra, and a balloon tamp is inserted. The balloon is inflated, raising the vertebra to its normal height. The area is then injected with bone cement to keep the vertebra raised and keep the compression from reoccurring. Patients will need to rest and not do any heavy lifting or intense activity after surgery. Pain can last up to two weeks after surgery but should diminish. Healing can take 4-6 weeks, and most parents report a significant reduction in pain after the procedure. In rare cases, complications can arise from the surgery, including infection, bone cement leakage, and nerve damage. - ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-36-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 31](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-31-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 31 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-28-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Procedures, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Laminectomy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/laminectomy/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Patients with spinal stenosis often have nerve pressure and pain that can develop from a narrowing of the spinal canal. The spinal canal can narrow from aging or from deformities such as bone spurs. Patients suffering pain from spinal stenosis can often find relief through a procedure called a laminectomy. ## Procedure and Recovery During a laminectomy, a small section of bone that covers the back of the spinal cord, called the lamina, is removed from the spine to relieve pressure and compression. If bone spurs are present, they are removed as well. In some cases, the remaining bones need to be fused together for stability. Titanium metal rods and screws are attached to each side of the spine to hold the bones in place. The bones eventually fuse together. The surgery is conducted under general anesthesia. Recovery time for a laminectomy without fusion is usually a few weeks. If fusion is involved, recovery can stretch to 2-4 months. - ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-28-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Procedures, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Lower Back Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physical-and-occupational-therapists/lower-back-physical-therapy/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** The most frequent reason for people to visit a physical therapist is low back pain. Low back discomfort affects about 80% of the population at some point in their lives. According to the World Health Organization, 149 million working days are lost in the United States each year because to low back discomfort. The majority of cases go away on their own in less than two weeks with little or no treatment, but sharp, shooting, or radiating back pain necessitates a prompt recommendation to avoid the symptoms from becoming severe. ## When to see a physical therapist for back pain Depending on your age, gender, and health status, you might be advised to take a break from exercising if your low back pain persists. Suppose you are in good physical condition with a regular fitness program and do not experience discomfort that extends into your legs. In that case, your low back discomfort is likely to go away without therapy. Physical therapy is frequently recommended for people at risk of developing chronic low back pain. This is frequently the case with people suffering from excruciating, never-ending agony or symptoms that radiate into the legs and produce numbness and tingling. Once we've eliminated any serious diseases that may necessitate immediate medical care, a physical therapist will develop a treatment program based on your goals and requirements. - Strengthens your spine and pelvis. - Lowers inflammation, which can reduce pain. - Helps you return to your regular routine as quickly as possible. While it may appear to be a good idea to stay in bed and wait for the discomfort to go away, this has been proven to hinder rather than aid in the natural healing process. Instead, it is recommended that you remain active by modifying or stopping your regular workout regimen as needed, with a gradual resumption of everyday activities. ## Chronic low back pain and its treatment Pain is generally a symptom of an injury, such as a wound or fracture, but low back discomfort is not. Low back pain can be continuous, yet it does not always imply the presence of a severe or long-term injury. X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans are frequently unreliable for determining the degree of discomfort a person feels. According to various research, MRI results appear to be "better" in certain individuals who experience higher levels of low back pain. The issue is why do patients' pain symptoms vary despite their MRI scans showing the same result? Scientists have looked at how and why we feel pain to tackle this question. They've discovered that discomfort is a sensation generated by the brain when there is a danger or fear of injury to the tissues. During this process, the brain absorbs data from the rest of your body, memory, and feelings. Then the brain determines whether or not pain should be felt. Your nervous system perceives low back discomfort to be a major risk. You may feel vulnerable since your body has been injured, and this may cause you to stay in bed and rest. However, this is frequently the incorrect approach. Your doctor or physical therapist will most likely recommend that you keep exercising gently, which will allow you to get back on your feet much more quickly. Knowing how to deal with pain will help you figure out which activities are good for you and which ones might be dangerous. In general, being active is better than being stationary. Walking, light exercise and domestic chores are all beneficial for your back on a daily basis. Excess loads on the low back, such as lifting hefty objects with poor control, can at times exacerbate the condition. You may find yourself avoiding certain activities because you are concerned about experiencing discomfort. - ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 154](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-154-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 154 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 129](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-129-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 129 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Good exercises to ease low back pain Graded activity is one physical therapy technique for overcoming your discomfort with activity that causes pain. This is a process of gradually increasing the actions that cause back discomfort. Graded-activity workouts decompose the harmful act into smaller, less painful movements. This approach encourages your nervous system to associate new, positive feelings about the activity. The following are some of the themes that may be covered in a graded-activity lesson: - While the pain you're feeling in your lower back is very real, it is not typically a result of a physical injury. - The routines are meant to make you feel more comfortable when moving, not necessarily to improve strength. - It's possible to resume work or sports without being entirely pain-free. - The goal of these sessions is to help you be more active, not pain-free. ## Tips to Maintain a healthy lower back Maintaining a healthy lifestyle after your physical therapy treatment has concluded is critical. If you are not careful, low back discomfort may go away quickly but may recur soon if you do not take care of yourself. Those who have had back pain more than once understand that being proactive is crucial. Here are a few ideas to get you started: - Exercise regularly. - Eat better. - Maintain good posture when standing/sitting. - Sleep seven to eight hours. - Avoid lifting heavy objects – ask for help whenever possible. - Spend time with your loved ones. Our physical therapists at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates employ graded activity and other research-based treatments to assist patients to get back to their work and leisure activities. **Tags:** Physical Therapy, Procedures, Spine **Area:** Physical Therapy, Spine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Lumbar Microdiscectomy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/lumbar-microdiscectomy/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** A severely herniated disc in the lumbar vertebrae, or lower spine, can cause extreme pain in the lower back and can limit mobility. A lumbar microdiscectomy can relieve pressure on the spine and alleviate lower back pain. ## Procedure and Recovery The lumbar vertebrae are the bottom five bones in the spine. These vertebrae are separated by discs with a tough outer edge and a jelly-like interior. When these discs burst or deteriorate, they can cause pressure on the spine that can cause pain, numbness, and loss of mobility in the legs and feet. Patients with severe leg pain, weakness, numbness, or impaired bowel or bladder function. The lumbar microdiscectomy relieves pressure on the nerve roots caused by the herniated disc. It is performed arthroscopically, so it is minimally invasive. A small camera shows the pinched nerve, and instruments are fed through the tiny incision to remove the portion of the disc putting pressure on the nerve. The surgeon can also remove any fragments that may have broken off from the disc or bone. Recovery time can take up to 8 weeks, and physical therapy may be necessary to improve strength and return range of motion to the lower extremities. - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-22-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 22 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Procedures, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [MCP Joint Arthroplasty](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/mcp-joint-arthroplasty/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Patients with rheumatoid arthritis may experience severe pain, swelling, and stiffness in their fingers and joints that affect their ability to perform everyday tasks. In those cases, metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint arthroplasty may be the best solution. The procedure removes damaged bone and tissue and replaces them with synthetic materials. The procedure is used to reduce pain and inflammation and restore mobility in the joint. ## MCP Joint Replacement for Arthritis MCP Joint Arthroplasty has a very high, long-term success rate and has been used for years to treat those with severe pain or deformity from rheumatoid arthritis. During the surgery, damaged tissue is removed from the joint, including bone or cartilage. Once removed, it is replaced by a synthetic plate or pad between the joint. This keeps the bones from rubbing together or further damaging the joint. It also brings stability to the joint and allows smooth movement again. Patients will need physical therapy after surgery to restore strength and mobility in the hand and fingers. The joint usually functions well in the short term, as the silicone replacement doesn’t wear down easily. The silicone can wear down over a long period, and it may need to be replaced years later. Those cases are rare, however. - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-18-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-39-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Hand, Procedures, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Meniscus Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/meniscus-surgery/) **Published:** December 8, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Inside your knee, a piece of cartilage sits at the base of your femur (thigh bone) and another at the top of your tibia (shin bone). These two pieces make up the meniscus. When this cartilage gets torn, it can cause swelling, pain, and loss of motion. Meniscus tears frequently occur in those active in sports and in elderly people whose meniscus has worn down over time and become more susceptible to tears. While some partial tears can heal on their own, others may require surgery. ## Meniscus Tear Diagnosis and Treatment A meniscus tear usually occurs with a sudden twist of the knee, mainly when the foot is solidly planted. Patients with a torn meniscus will feel that their knee is unstable and may buckle or lock up. It will also swell and cause pain. Small tears may repair independently with treatment using the RICE method: rest, ice, compression, and elevation. NSAIDs, pain medication, and physical therapy can help with pain and improve range of motion. In more severe cases, corticosteroid injections may be used. If those do not work, or if the tear is more severe, surgery is necessary for a full recovery. - ![candids gecha princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gecha-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-1024x683.jpg "candids gecha princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Moscwa-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Meniscus Surgery Meniscus surgery is often performed through knee arthroscopy, a minimally invasive surgery that includes small incisions made for the camera and the surgical instruments. The surgery usually can be done in about an hour, and patients can go home afterward. The patient may undergo tests beforehand to ensure they can receive anesthesia. During the surgery, anesthesia is administered, and the leg is secured in place. The surgeon uses the camera to examine the joint and determine the amount and type of damage. The surgeon will then do one of two things. They will either repair the meniscus by sewing the torn pieces back together, or they will remove the torn pieces and leave the healthy meniscus. The vast majority of surgeries involve removing the torn pieces. The surgeon will then close the incisions and bandage the knee. ## Recovery and Rehabilitation Recovery times after meniscus surgery can vary depending on the severity of the injury and the age and health of the patient. In general, recovery can range from 1.5-3 months. Patients will begin by using crutches to take stress and weight off the knee. A knee brace is also necessary to keep the knee stable as it heals. NSAIDs (such as Tylenol or Aleve) may be used for pain. After an initial healing period, patients will begin physical therapy to restore the knee's flexibility, strength, and range of motion. You can use the RICE method at home to reduce swelling. Over time, rehabilitation exercises will become more intense as the knee gains strength and mobility. Most patients report a full recovery after meniscus surgery. There is a slight chance of developing arthritis in the knee later if the cartilage is removed because there is less tissue to absorb shock. Moving from high-impact to lower-impact activities can help prolong the life of the joint. **Tags:** Knee, Procedures, Sports Medicine **Area:** Knee, Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/minimally-invasive-spinal-surgery/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** In the past, patients in need of spinal surgery had to endure a very invasive procedure where the back was opened by a large incision. Muscles were stripped from the spinal column so the surgeon could make repairs to herniated discs or remove bone spurs. The result was a high risk of infection and long recovery times. Today, modern technology has eliminated the need for most open spinal surgeries. Instead, minimally invasive spinal surgery can take care of the problem and get the patient back to normal within a matter of weeks. ## Procedure and Benefits Unlike traditional surgeries, minimally invasive surgery does not require large incisions. Instead, one or more small incisions are made so that a magnifying glass and camera are passed into the incision and tunnels through the muscle, leaving it mostly intact. If needed, small surgical instruments can pass through the same tunnel to perform repairs, such as a discectomy, or removal of a disc. The benefits of minimally invasive include less scarring, reduced chance of infection, and shorter recovery times. Patients can recover in as little as 2-6 weeks, depending on the procedure, rather than 4-6 months or longer. - ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 38](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-38-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 38 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 48sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-48Sharpen-Motion-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 48sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Procedures, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Neck Sprain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/neck-sprain/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## What Is a Neck Sprain? The seven bones of the neck's spinal column (cervical vertebrae) are held together by ligaments and muscles—strong bands of tissue that act like thick rubber bands. When a person's neck bends to an extreme position in response to a quick movement, such as a motor vehicle accident or a hard fall, one or more of these soft tissues can be stretched (sprained) or torn. ## Signs and Symptoms of Neck Sprain Neck sprains can affect a person's ability to move, communicate, and see. A person with a neck sprain may experience numerous symptoms, including: - Pain that worsens with movement - Pain that peaks 1-2 days after the injury (rather than immediately) - Muscle spasms and pain in the upper shoulder - Headache toward the back of the head - Fatigue, irritability, difficulty sleeping, and difficulty concentrating - Numbness in the hands or arms - Stiffness in the neck - Decreased range of motion (difficulty making side to side, up and down, circular movements) - Weakness in the arms or a tingling sensation ### ***Signs That Neck Pain Is More Severe than Neck Sprain*** Some symptoms might suggest a more significant neck injury. Seek medical help right away if you are experiencing neck discomfort, and it is: - Consistent and persistent - Severe - Accompanied by pain that radiates down the arms and legs - Accompanied by a headache and numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arms and legs - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-37-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Diagnosing Neck Sprain Injury Your doctor will conduct a thorough physical examination to diagnose a neck strain. They will inquire as to how the problem occurred, assess your neck's range of motion, and look for any point tenderness during the exam. They may also order additional imaging like x-rays, a CT scan, or an MRI to help rule out other, more serious causes for neck pain (like spinal fracture, dislocation, or arthritis). ## Treatment Options for Neck Sprain The treatment for all sprains and strains is very similar regardless of where they are in the body. Like other types of sprains, neck sprains usually mend over time with patience and appropriate therapy. To aid in healing your ligaments, you may need to wear a soft collar around your neck. Muscle relaxants, such as bromocriptine or diazepam, can help with spasms. Aspirin and ibuprofen can both provide pain relief and reduce swelling. Muscle relaxants can assist with spasms. For the first 2 or 3 days after the accident, apply an ice pack for 15 to 30 minutes at a time. Heat, in general, can assist with pain and discomfort by reducing inflammation. Although heat may help loosen tight muscles, it should not be applied too quickly. Your doctor will determine whether you should receive any treatment for your injury. As it begins to heal, other therapies might be beneficial. These treatments should not be used without consulting your doctor. The following are some of the treatments you can use: - Gently massaging the tender area - Ultrasound therapy - Cervical (neck) traction - Aerobic and isometric exercise The majority of neck sprains heal in 4 to 6 weeks. However, significant injuries might take longer to heal completely. **Tags:** Conditions, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Numbness in the Hands](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/hand-numbness/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Numbness in the hands is defined as a loss of sensation in the fingers or entire hand. The sensation may start or end with other symptoms, such as a tingling, pins-and-needles feeling as if your hand is “asleep.” Numbness can occur in one hand or both simultaneously. Causes can range from a pinched nerve in the hand or arm to illness to a reaction to certain medications. Persistent numbness could be an indication of a more serious condition and should be checked as soon as possible. ## Hand Numbness Causes Numbness in the hands is most often caused by a pinched nerve in the hand, wrist, arm or neck. But there are several other causes, some of which can cause permanent damage or be fatal if not addressed quickly. That’s why it’s essential to get checked if your hand numbness persists. Some causes of hand numbness include: - Pinched nerve or nerve damage in the hand, arm, shoulder or neck - Herniated disc in the spine - Nerve pressure from an infection, enlarged or blocked blood vessels, or a tumor - Carpal Tunnel syndrome caused by repetitive pressure on the wrist - Shingles - Herpes infection - Poor blood circulation from hardened arteries or diabetes - Migraines - Stroke - Thyroid problems - Damage from animal or insect bites - Vitamin B12 deficiency - Medication reaction - Raynaud’s Syndrome - Vasculitis - Alcoholism - Irregular potassium, calcium, or sodium levels - Lyme Disease ## When to Seek Help Hand numbness that’s temporary should be monitored but may only be due to repetitive stress. Consider doing hand exercises or changing positions to alleviate the stress on your hand nerves or blood vessels. If hand numbness persists or returns frequently, you should make an appointment with your doctor as soon as possible to determine the cause. In some cases, hand numbness could be a sign of a much more serious issue. In those instances, you should see immediate medical attention. Some of these instances include: - Numbness in other parts of the body - Paralysis of the hand or the entire side of your body - Slurred speech - Dizziness - Rash - Confusion - Loss of bowel/bladder control These could indicate a life-threatening problem, such as a stroke or severe allergic reaction. If you experience these symptoms, visit the nearest emergency room or call 911. ## How POA Can Help If your hand numbness persists, make an appointment to see one of our doctors right away. We will perform a series of tests to determine the cause. This can include blood tests, an X-ray of your hand or arm, an MRI of your head and neck, or a CT scan of the same areas. Treatment can range from medication to physical therapy to surgery, depending on the cause of the numbness. We will evaluate your test results and inform you of your best treatment options. - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 115](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-115-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 115 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-14-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Conditions, Forearm, Hand, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [ORIF For Elbow Fractures](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/orif-elbow-fractures/) **Published:** December 7, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF) repairs of the bones in and around the elbow are a common method to fix severe elbow fractures that can’t be set externally and fixed with just a splint and sling. ORIF methods are used to repair the distal humerus (lower part of the upper arm bone), T-Condylar (humerus joint that makes up the elbow), radial head (upper part of the smaller lower arm bone), and Olecranon (the other elbow joint part found at the end of the ulna, the larger lower arm bone). If any of these bones are shattered or displaced, ORIF surgery and often surgical hardware are used to repair them. ## Procedures and Recovery Shatters or severe, displace breakage of the bones in and around the elbow often require the use of surgical hardware to put the bones back together and allow them to heal properly. Wires, nails, or pins may be used to hold the bones in place and allow them to fuse back together correctly. This keeps the patients from experiencing complications related to malunion, where the bones fuse together misaligned, or nonunion, where they don’t fuse together at all. ORIF elbow repair is often used on elderly patients as an alternative to a total elbow replacement. As with any surgery, there are minor risks, including implant failure, but such malfunctions are not common. For the most part, ORIF procedures require minimal hospitalization and provide the most efficient healing possible. - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 48](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-48-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 48 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 25](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-25-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 25 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Elbow, Procedures **Area:** Elbow **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Osteotomy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/osteotomy/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** An osteotomy, also known as “bone cutting,” involves removing part of the lower leg bone to realign the knee and reduce pressure on the joint. The procedure is often used on younger people with early arthritis who want to avoid full knee replacement for as long as possible. ## Osteotomy Procedure An osteotomy is often recommended when a patient has damaged cartilage on one part of the knee joint and healthier cartilage on the other. A small wedge of bone is cut from the upper part of the tibia, which is the front lower leg bone. In some cases, a wedge of bone can be added to the tibia instead. Both methods are used to realign the knee joint, remove pressure from the damaged area, relieve pain, and restore balance. The two methods of osteotomy are the open wedge and the closing wedge osteotomy. In the open wedge osteotomy, the surgeon makes an incision on the inside of the knee and places a bone graft into the tibia. In the closing wedge osteotomy, an incision is made on the outside of the knee and a small wedge of bone is removed from the tibia. In both cases, a metal plate and screws and used to hold the cut pieces of the tibia together so they can fuse and heal. Both procedures are used to reduce or alleviate pain in the knee and reduce ongoing damage to the cartilage. - ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-40-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Knee, Procedures, Sports Medicine **Area:** Knee, Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Outpatient Surgical Facilities](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/general-orthopaedics/outpatient-surgical-facilities/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** The outpatient surgical facilities provided by Princeton Orthopaedic Associates offer a state-of-the-art location for procedures not requiring an overnight hospital stay. We provide the latest surgical technology in a comprehensive surgery center, so you receive exceptional treatment in a convenient location. ## Why Outpatient Surgery Our outpatient surgical facilities provide exceptional care without the time or cost of hospitalization. Instead of staying overnight at a hospital, patients undergo surgery in our facility. They are given time to recover in one of our state-of-the-art recovery units before they are driven home by a friend or family member. Outpatient surgery provides the same top-quality care as in-patient surgeries. Our surgeries are performed by our experienced, certified doctors, and patients are looked after by our amazing care team. Patients then are able to be driven away by friends or family members so they can recover in the comfort of their own homes. - ![exteriors princeton state road office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Princeton-State-Road-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "exteriors princeton state road office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![exteriors monroe office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Monroe-Office-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "exteriors monroe office princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![exteriors plainsboro penn med princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Exteriors-Plainsboro-Penn-Med-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "exteriors plainsboro penn med princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** General Orthopaedics, Procedures **Area:** General Orthopaedics **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Oxford Unicondylar Knee Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/joint-care/oxford-unicondylar-knee-replacement/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Unicondylar knee replacement is also known as unicompartmental knee replacement. It is considered to be a less invasive procedure than traditional total knee replacement. This replaces only the most damaged parts of the knee and is often used on arthritis patients. The advantages for the patient include less scarring, a better range of motion, and shorter recovery times. This procedure is often chosen by younger, more active patients who aren’t prepared to undergo a total knee replacement. It is also used by patients with arthritis that is limited to only one part of the knee. ## The Procedure The Oxford unicondylar knee replacement involves making a small incision near the damaged area. Small pieces of bone are removed from the damaged area of the femur (thigh bone) and tibia (front lower leg bone). Those pieces are replaced with the Oxford Partial Knee implant, which is made of metal. A plastic insert then allows for smooth movement of the joint. Other parts of the knee aren’t touched during this procedure, depending on the amount of damage. Less bone loss leads to a greater range of motion after surgery. Most patients recover fully within a month and can still participate in low-impact sports and other light activities. - ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-27-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-34-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Joint Replacement, Procedures **Area:** Joint Replacement **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Patella Stabilization](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/patella-stabilization/) **Published:** December 8, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** The patella is commonly referred to as the kneecap. It’s a small bone that fits over the joint made up of the bottom of the tibia (shin bone) in the lower leg and the femur (thigh bone). The patella helps lock the joint in place, and it’s held there by several ligaments. Patella stabilization surgery is performed when those ligaments become weak and the patella is in danger of displacement. Patella displacement can also occur when the patella is misaligned in the joint, either from the groove in which it sits being too shallow or because the cartilage beneath it is damaged or too thick. ## Diagnosis and Treatment Those who feel their knee is unstable (buckling, locking, or weak) should consult with a doctor to prevent further damage over time. The doctor will evaluate the knee with x-rays or an MRI or CT scan. If the doctor determines the patella needs stabilization, he can recommend nonsurgical treatment or surgical repair. Nonsurgical treatment involves the patient wearing a brace to keep the patella in place while the area around it heals. Pain medications may be given to alleviate discomfort and reduce swelling while the knee heals. The patient also must reduce activity until the joint heals. Physical therapy and pool therapy may be recommended to strengthen the joint and return mobility. - ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 61](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-61-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 61 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-27-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-39-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Patella Stabilization Surgical Procedures If nonsurgical options do not stabilize the patella properly or permanently, surgery may be necessary. There are four types of surgical procedures performed to stabilize the patella. These are: Patella Ligament Reconstruction: A graft of ligament from the patient or a cadaver is used to tie the bone in place better and stabilize it. Screws hold the new ligament in place until it heals properly. The screws are usually permanent, but can be removed later if they cause pain or other complications. - **Patella Realignment:** if the tibial groove is too shallow, the surgeon deepens the groove so the patella sits in the proper position. - **Arthroscopic Repair:** The surgeon uses small incisions and a camera to look for damaged or loose portions of the joint, such as pieces of cartilage or bone. The surgeon also looks for misshapen cartilage that may be causing the patella to sit improperly in the groove. Those pieces are removed or the cartilage is shaved so the patella sits in its proper position. - **Lateral Release:** This involves releasing the tendons around the kneecap so that it sits properly in its groove. The surgeon will cut through the tendons and the tissue holding the kneecap, calling the lateral retinaculum, to loosen the kneecap and allow it to fall into its proper place. ## Recovery From Patella Stabilization Recovery times from patella stabilization can vary depending on the procedure and the severity of the injury. On average, a patient is on crutches for up to six weeks after surgery while the joint heals. After that, physical therapy begins to return strength and mobility to the knee. Recovery takes at least 6-8 months, but full motion and strength could take up to a year. **Tags:** Procedures, Sports Medicine **Area:** Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Patella, Tibial Plateau, Distal Femur Fracture Repair](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/trauma/knee-leg-orif-fractures/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Fractures of the patella (kneecap), tibial (lower leg) plateau, and distal femur (thigh bone) are often repaired using Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF). The ORIF procedure involves surgically stabilizing the bone with hardware to keep them in place and allow them to heal. ## ORIF Procedure ORIF treatment is used to fix broken legs and knees by properly aligning and supporting the fractured bones so they heal and restore function and stability to the knee. The procedure involves making an incision and realigning the bones. Metal plates, rods, and screws are used to hold the bone fragments in place so they can fuse back together. This hardware remains in the body permanently unless a complication arises, such as an infection or pain. Complications from ORIF surgery are rare, and the procedure is usually successful in restoring function and stability to the knee. Patients can expect shorter hospital stays, faster recovery times, and more successful healing with ORIF surgery compared to traditional fracture treatments. - ![candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Boriello-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-1024x683.jpg "candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Moscwa-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-16-1024x683.jpg "candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids gecha princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gecha-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "candids gecha princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Knee, Procedures, Trauma **Area:** Trauma Care **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Pedicle Screw Fixation](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/pedicle-screw-fixation/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Pedicle screw fixation is a procedure that stabilizes and connects vertebrae in the spine to bone grafts to certain types of spinal surgery. These connections allow the bone grafts to fuse with the existing bone. ## Procedure and Recovery A pedicle screw fixation is usually performed with spinal fusion surgery to keep the vertebrae in a fixed position while the treated area heals. Often, they are used to fix a bone graft to the spine. During the fixation process, pedicle screws are put into the damaged segment of the spine. Metal rods are then connected to the screws to hold the bones and bone graft in place. The bones then fuse together and strengthen. Afterward, the screws and rods are no longer necessary, but they are left in the patient unless they begin to cause pain. This is to reduce the necessity for invasive back surgery. Patients report significant improvement in their pain, and some report their pain is eliminated. Recovery times can range from 4-6 weeks before resuming light activity to 3-6 months for a full recovery. - ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Procedures, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Peripheral Joint Arthrocentesis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/diagnostic/peripheral-joint-arthrocentesis/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Joint aspiration, or arthrocentesis, involves draining fluid from a joint with a sterile needle and a syringe. It is a minor surgical procedure performed on patients for diagnostic purposes or treatment of patients with swelling, inflammation, and joint pain in their shoulders, hips, and knees. ## Peripheral Joint Arthrocentesis Procedure We perform peripheral joint arthrocentesis under local anesthetic. A needle is inserted into the affected joint, and fluid is pulled out of the joint into the syringe. That fluid is sent to our laboratory for testing to determine the cause for the inflammation or swelling. In some cases, we can also inject medication into the same joint, such as cortisone, to relieve pain and swelling. The procedure is safe for most patients and usually only includes minor bruising or bleeding at the injection site. Fluid from the peripheral joint arthrocentesis can give us an idea of the cause of the pain and swelling, allowing us to create the best treatment plan for you. For some patients, a cortisone injection at the same time is enough to alleviate the pain. Others may need more significant treatment plans. Let Princeton Orthopaedic Associates find the best path to get you back to a pain-free life. - ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-17-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids boriello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Boriello-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-17-1024x683.jpg "candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Diagnostic, Non-Surgical, Physiatric, Procedures **Area:** Diagnostic, Physiatry **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/posterior-cervical-foraminotomy/) **Published:** December 2, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## **What Is a Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy?** A posterior cervical foraminotomy (PCF) is a minimally invasive procedure designed to widen the spinal canal where nerve roots exit the spinal cord. This helps to relieve any pressure on the nerves caused by disc protrusions. Effectively, this means less pain and better mobility without the need to perform a full discectomy. Nervous tissue is delicate and can cause severe pain, muscle weakness and other unwanted symptoms if affected. This procedure is used to treat back pain that occurs in this region. Small fragments of disc are removed in order to relieve pressure on nearby nerve roots. By not removing a large portion of the disc and leaving much behind, patients will be able to move without restriction after surgery. The incision is made in the back of the neck so that surgeons can access the spine and perform this procedure with precision. Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy is much less invasive compared to other procedures that correct abnormalities of the discs. - ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-36-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 36 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-17-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-34Sharpen-Motion-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Benefits of Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy** Not only are minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) procedures like PCF surgery typically safer and quicker, but they also promote a faster recovery than traditional open spine surgery. Benefits of Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy may include: - Potentially performed in an outpatient setting - Smaller incision(s), resulting in less blood loss - Lower risk of soft-tissue and muscle damage - Lower risk of infection - Reduced postoperative pain - Reduced pain medication use ## **Is Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy Right for Me?** While there are many benefits to posterior cervical foraminotomy, surgery is not indicated for all patients with cervical disc protrusions. In many cases, we can treat patients through conservative techniques that efficiently manage their pain. Your doctor will help you understand which treatment approach is best for you after a thorough evaluation of your condition. To learn more about our Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy Services, please contact us today to schedule an appointment! **Tags:** Procedures, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Quadriceps & Patella Tendon Repair](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/quadriceps-patella-tendon-repair/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** The quadriceps and patella tendons connect the muscles that straighten the knee and kick the lower leg. The thick, fibrous tissue that makes up these tendons is very resilient to injuries, but falling on a partially bent knee can cause a rupture. A partially severed tendon can cause severe knee swelling, while a fully severed tendon can lead to patella dislocation and the inability to walk or raise your leg straight. The torn tendons must be repaired surgically by cutting a small incision in the knee area. Small screws are used or holes are drilled through the patella to hold the tendon in place against the bone. The surgery usually takes about an hour. Afterward, the patient must wear a brace to keep the knee from bending, which could loosen the repair. Complete recovery can take 4-5 months. - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Knee, Procedures, Sports Medicine **Area:** Knee, Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Radial Head Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/radial-head-replacement/) **Published:** December 7, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Of all the parts of the radius, the smaller bone in the lower arm, the radial head is the most susceptible to fracture than the rest of the elbow joint. There have been many methods developed to relieve pain and stiffness because of radial head fractures. If the elbow trauma is too complex for traditional treatments, such as the use of a splint and sling, then Radial Head Replacement may be the best course of action. Sometimes called Radial Head Arthroplasty, this removes the damaged radial head and replaces it with a piece shaped to fit the joint. The prosthesis may be made of polyethylene or metal, and it is shaped to slide into the end of the radius and serve as part of the elbow joint. ## Treatment and Recovery Patients with just bone fragments or damaged tissue may undergo arthroscopic surgery to remove them, which is minimally invasive. However, radial head arthroplasty requires an open surgery so the joint can be seen well and the prosthetic can be attached firmly. Initial recovery from the surgery is about two weeks, during which the elbow is immobilized in a splint or sling. After that, the patient undergoes physical therapy to regain function in the elbow. There may be a slight amount of loss of motion in a repaired elbow. Full recovery can take 3-6 months. - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 124](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-124-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 124 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Elbow, Procedures **Area:** Elbow **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Revision Total Hip Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/joint-care/total-hip-replacement-revision/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Total hip replacement is viewed as one of the most successful procedures in all of medicine and has proven to be successful for more than 95% of well-selected patients. It’s done to help people unlearn all manner of pain caused by an arthritic hip joint. Total hip replacement enables these people to live more active lives without debilitating hip pain. On average, the prosthesis lasts between 15 and 20 years after surgery. Although an implanted prosthesis is expected to last several decades, some patients can enjoy full use of their functionality for over 25 years or longer. Over time, however, some hip replacement recipients will require another surgery. This can be due to any number of things including wear and tear, loosening or dislocation. When a hip replacement fails for any of these reasons, your doctor may recommend that you have a second operation to remove some or all of the parts of the original prosthesis and replace them with new ones. This procedure is called revision total hip replacement. ## **How is Revision THR Different From Total Hip Replacement?** While the goal of both procedures are to help relieve pain and improve function and quality of life, revision surgery differs from primary total hip replacement. For starters, revision hip replacement is a longer, more complex procedure. It requires extensive planning, as well as the use of specialized implants and tools, in order to achieve a good result. Occasionally, revision surgery is needed if it does not function as well as it was intended. After revision surgery is performed there have been fewer instances of inflammation around the implant, less stress placed on the femoral head, and relieved pain brought on by osteoarthritis in most cases.\\ - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 47](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-47-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 47 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Boriello-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **Revision total hip replacement is most often used to relieve:** - Sepsis - Loosening - Leg Length Inequality - Periprosthetic Fracture - Recurrent Dislocation - Osteolysis There are multiple types of revision surgery. In some cases, only a few components of the prosthesis need to be revised. In other cases, the entire prosthesis needs to be removed or replaced and the bone around the hip needs to be rebuilt with augments (metal pieces that substitute for missing bone) or bone grafts (from smaller bone inside a patient’s own body). If you’ve previously had a total hip replacement and are experiencing issues with mobility or pain, please [**contact us**](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/contact-us/) today to schedule an appointment! Revision THR Services may be a solution for you. **Tags:** Joint Replacement, Procedures **Area:** Joint Replacement **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Revision Total Knee Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/joint-care/total-knee-replacement-revision/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Total knee replacement can last about 20 years and provide them with good mobility and little to no pain. This is the case for about 85-90% of patients who have had total knee replacement surgery. For the other 10-15%, complications can arise over time, leading to the need to make adjustments to the prosthesis. Such adjustments are called Revision total knee replacement. ## Why Revision Total Knee Replacement? Most total knee replacement patients won’t need revision surgery. For others, revision surgery may be necessary if they experience loosening of the current prosthesis, instability, malalignment, or sepsis. The implanted prosthesis may simply need an adjustment. In extreme cases, the entire mechanism is removed and replaced. - ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Boriello-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids boniello princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Joint Replacement, Procedures **Area:** Joint Replacement **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Rheumatoid Arthritis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/rheumatoid-arthritis/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## **What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?** Rheumatoid Arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes pain, swelling and stiffness in the joints. Rheumatoid Arthritis has no cure but there are treatments available to help manage symptoms. Rheumatoid arthritis is caused by your immune system attacking healthy cells, tissues and organs in various parts of your body including the synovial membrane lining of your joints. Rheumatoid arthritis can be difficult to diagnose because it mimics other conditions like osteoarthritis or gout so it's important to see a doctor for diagnosis if you have any concerns. There are also many symptoms associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis which may include fever, weight loss, fatigue and morning stiffness among others. Diet plays an important role ## **Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis** Rheumatoid arthritis symptoms may include: - Swollen, warm, or tender joints - Joint stiffness that is typically worst in the morning and after physical activity - Fatigue, fever and/or loss of appetite The joints that attach your fingers to your hands and toes to your feet are frequently the first ones affected by rheumatoid arthritis. Symptoms may spread to the wrists, knees, ankles, elbows, hips, and shoulders as the disease progresses. The majority of cases manifest in the same joints on both sides of your body. Rheumatoid arthritis does not always present symptoms in the joints. The following are some of the non-joint areas where people with rheumatoid arthritis can experience symptoms: - Skin - Eyes - Heart - Lungs - Kidneys - Nerve tissue - Salivary glands - Bone marrow - Blood vessels Rheumatoid arthritis symptoms can vary considerably in terms of severity and occurrence. Flares, periods of higher disease activity, alternate with times of relative quiet - when the swelling and discomfort subside or vanish. Rheumatoid arthritis can cause joints to deform and shift out of place over time. ### **When to see a doctor for Rheumatoid Arthritis** Make an appointment with your physician if you have persistent joint pain and swelling. - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 49](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-49-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 49 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **What Causes Rheumatoid Arthritis?** Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease. Your immune system normally aids in the protection of your body against infection and illness. Your immune system in rheumatoid arthritis attacks healthy tissues in your joints and can also induce medical issues with your heart, lungs, nerves, eyes, and skin. While it's not clear what starts the process, a genetic component appears likely. While your genes aren't responsible for causing rheumatoid arthritis, they may make you more prone to react to environmental factors — such as infection with particular viruses and bacteria — that could trigger the disease. ## **Risk factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis** Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. It's rare, affecting about 1 in every 500 people worldwide. The following are some of the factors that might raise your risk for rheumatoid arthritis: - Your sex. Rheumatoid arthritis is more common among women than men. - Age. Rheumatoid arthritis can strike at any age, although it is most common among those over the age of 40. - Family history. You may be more prone to rheumatoid arthritis if a family member has the condition. - Smoking. Smoking cigarettes raises the chance of developing rheumatoid arthritis and, in particular, if you have a genetic predisposition to the disease. Smoking has also been linked to greater disease severity.. - Excess weight. Overweight individuals appear to be more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis. ## **Complications Rheumatoid Arthritis** Rheumatoid arthritis raises your chances of developing the following conditions: - Abnormal body composition. Rheumatoid arthritis patients tend to have a higher proportion of fat to lean tissue, even if they have a normal body weight (BMI). - Carpal tunnel syndrome. If rheumatoid arthritis affects your wrists, the nerve that provides most of your hand and fingers may be compressed due to inflammation. - Dry eyes and mouth. People who suffer from rheumatoid arthritis are four times more likely to develop Sjogren's syndrome, a condition characterized by dry eyes and a dry mouth. - Heart problems. Rheumatoid arthritis can also increase your risk of heart problems like blocked arteries, hardened arteries, and inflammation of the sac that encloses your heart. - Infections. Rheumatoid arthritis and many of the medicines used to treat it can deplete the immune system, allowing infections to spread. To avoid illnesses such as influenza, pneumonia, shingles, and COVID-19 viruses, get vaccinated. - Lung disease. People with rheumatoid arthritis have an increased risk of inflammation and scarring of the lung tissues. This can lead to progressive shortness of breath. - Lymphoma. Rheumatoid arthritis increases the risk of lymphoma. - Osteoporosis. Rheumatoid arthritis and medicines used to treat rheumatoid arthritis can raise your chance of osteoporosis, a disease that causes your bones to become brittle and more prone to breakage.. - Rheumatoid nodules. The most common places for these firm bumps of tissue to develop are around pressure points, such as the elbows. These nodules can develop in any area of the body, including the heart and lungs. **Tags:** Conditions, Sports Medicine **Area:** Elbow, Foot and Ankle, Hand and Wrist, Knee, Shoulder, Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Rheumatoid Forefoot Deformity](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/podiatry/rheumatoid-forefoot-deformity/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Patients with rheumatoid arthritis can be at increased risk for rheumatoid forefoot deformities, such as bunions, metatarsalgia, and hammertoes. These conditions can cause the foot to flatten, the toes to move out of alignment, or a large knot to form on the side of the foot. These conditions can be very painful and can make it difficult to walk or even wear shoes. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can treat all of these conditions. We offer a variety of treatment options, depending on your issue and its severity. We can treat rheumatoid forefoot deformities from diagnosis to treatment to recovery. ## Diagnosis and Treatment Rheumatoid forefoot deformities are the result of joint inflammation, loosening ligaments, and degeneration of the cartilage in the joint. Treatment will depend on the cause, the type of deformity, and the severity. The goal of treatment is to reduce or eliminate pain and restore the normal look and alignment of the foot. Treatment can range from a change in shoes and the addition of orthotics to surgery. Surgery can include the Hoffman Procedure, joint fusion, or joint arthrodesis. Most patients who have surgery can walk and wear shoes without pain once they’ve recovered from the surgery. Recovery times can vary, depending on the deformity being treated and the severity of that deformity. Some surgeries result in a recovery time of 4-6 weeks. For others, it can take several months for the foot to heal completely. Once repaired, the deformities rarely recur, and patients are able to enjoy life without pain. - ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Levine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-39-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 39 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-24-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Podiatry, Procedures **Area:** Podiatry **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Rotator Cuff Tear](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/rotator-cuff-tear/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## What is a Rotator Cuff Tear? The rotator cuff is a set of muscles and tendons in your shoulder that hold it in place. They also allow you to raise or lower your arm and rotate it. Your rotator cuff keeps your shoulder stable. Damage to a tendon or muscle is called a tear in the rotator cuff. ## Causes and Diagnosis of a Rotator Cuff Tear A tear can result from an injury or accident, a strong blow to the shoulder, or overuse of the shoulder. Tendons can be weakened over time from everyday use, which can increase the chances of getting a rotator cuff tear. Symptoms can include pain, popping of the joint, pain with pressure on that side (such as when you’re sleeping), muscle weakness, and limited shoulder movement. Diagnosis will include a full examination, including an x-ray or MRI of the joint to find the possible tear. - ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 38](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-38-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 38 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 25](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-25-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 25 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-37-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 37 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treatment for a Rotator Cuff Tear Our doctors at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates will customize a treatment plan based on your overall health, your tolerance for certain medications and exercises, and the severity of your injury. In many cases, a combination of resting the shoulder, the use of NSAIDs (anti-inflammatories such as ibuprofen or Alleve), and stretching exercises. Ultrasound therapy and corticosteroid injections may be used for those with more severe pain. In extreme cases, surgery may be needed to repair the ligaments. **Tags:** Conditions, Shoulder **Area:** Shoulder, Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Scaphoid Fractures](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/scaphoid-fractures/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Wrist fractures involving the scaphoid are relatively common but also more challenging to detect than other wrist fractures. That’s because the bone involved is so small that a fracture of the bone can be mistaken for a sprain. Scaphoid breaks aren’t always as painful or as swollen as breaks elsewhere in the wrist. Still, they need to be treated as quickly and as thoroughly as any other fracture. ## Scaphoid Fractures The scaphoid is one of the larger bones in the wrist. It sits atop the radius, which is the main bone that runs down the center of your forearm. If damage to this bone isn’t appropriately treated, it can lead to later problems such as arthritis, numbness, loss of movement, and pain. A scaphoid fracture can be caused by falls or accidents that cause excessive pressure on the joint. The fracture may not be as noticeable because there usually isn’t displacement of the bone or excessive swelling. There may be minor swelling or bruising, as well as pain. If you suspect you may have sprained or broken your wrist, particularly after a fall or accident, make an appointment to get, the wrist checked right away. Delaying treatment can lead to improper healing and other issues further down the road. ## Diagnosis and Treatment of Scaphoid Fractures Scaphoid fractures will need some form of imaging for proper diagnosis, which is why it’s essential to visit a doctor right away if you suspect a sprain or fracture. Your doctor may request an x-ray, CT scan, or MRI scan for proper diagnosis. If a fracture is detected, you likely will need to wear some form of cast or wrist brace for a few weeks. The length of treatment will depend on the severity of the fracture. Treatment with over-the-counter pain medication is also possible, as is surgery for the most severe scaphoid breaks. - ![xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Xray-Casting-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-14-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Conditions, Forearm, Hand, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist, Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Shoulder Arthroscopy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/shoulder-arthroscopy/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Shoulder arthroscopy is a diagnostic and treatment technique that involves inserting a tiny camera into the shoulder. This technique can provide a more precise diagnosis and, in some cases, a means to make repairs without open surgery. The results are fewer complications and shorter recovery times for the patients. ## Shoulder Arthroscopy Use and Procedure Shoulder arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that involves making several small incisions into the shoulder and feeding in a tube with a tiny camera attached. The surgeon can get a more accurate image of possible shoulder damage. We can use the same incisions and tube to insert tiny surgical instruments to make repairs. Surgeons can repair a variety of ailments with shoulder arthroscopy, including damage to the rotator cuff, acromioplasty, excision of the AC joint, instability repairs, and labral/SLAP repair and excision. The advantages for the patient include minor tissue damage, shorter recovery times, less scarring, and less pain after surgery. Because muscles and tendons are cut during this technique, patients may need less physical therapy afterward than traditional surgery and may regain motion in the arm sooner. Shoulder arthroscopy is usually done as an outpatient procedure so that the patient can return home the same day. A regional nerve block or general anesthesia will be used to reduce post-operative pain. - ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Moscwa-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-07-1024x683.jpg "candids moscwa princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-17-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Procedures, Shoulder **Area:** Shoulder **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Shoulder Hemiarthroplasty](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/shoulder-hemiarthroplasty/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** The humerus head is the ball at the top of the upper arm bone that fits into the shoulder socket. Severe fractures or degradation of the ball head due to chronic conditions may require replacement of the head. In those cases, a surgical procedure called hemiarthroplasty is used. ## Treatment and Recovery The humeral head may need replacement in cases of severe fracture or damage from avascular necrosis, which is when the humeral head is compromised by poor circulation. Treatments such as injections and physical therapy are often used to relieve avascular necrosis, but if they fail, hemiarthroplasty can be used to repair the joint. In this surgery, the humeral head is replaced with a prosthesis, leaving the glenoid (shoulder socket) intact. The surgery usually takes 1-2 hours and will require an overnight hospital stay. Patients will need to wear a sling for 3-5 weeks while the joint heals. Physical therapy will be necessary to return a proper range of motion to the shoulder. Patients can expect range-of-motion and strength recovery to take several months. Most patients report pain and stiffness relieved by this surgery. Complications are rare but can include shoulder stiffness, instability, infection, and nerve damage. - ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-33-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Procedures, Shoulder **Area:** Shoulder **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Shoulder Impingement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/shoulder-impingement/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** # What is Shoulder Impingement Syndrome? Shoulder Impingement Syndrome is a condition in which your rotator cuff is rubbed between the humerus and the shoulder blade. The more the tissue is rubbed, the more it swells and fills the space, causing even more friction and becoming painful. ## Causes and Diagnosis of Shoulder Impingement Shoulder Impingement Syndrome can be caused by bone spurs that grow either on the end of the humerus or on the top part of the shoulder blade, known as the acromion. It can also be caused by an injury to the rotator cuff, which swells in the small space it occupies. The swollen tissue rubs against the bones, which causes more swelling and pain. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we can perform a physical examination to help determine whether you’re suffering from shoulder impingement syndrome. We also may request an MRI or an x-ray to check for rotator cuff tear or other injuries, as well as to check for arthritis or bone spurs. - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-24-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treatment of Shoulder Impingement Syndrome Treatment mainly involves physical therapy, ice, pain medications, and rest. Patients are encouraged not to do activities that involve much shoulder movement or strain, particularly where the arms are lifted over the head. A physical therapist will work with you to create a routine that will strengthen your rotator cuff and shoulder without adding to the inflammation. Anti-inflammatories will be suggested to help deal with your pain. In most cases, over-the-counter medication is enough to do the job. Patients will also need to ice the shoulder at least twice a day. In extreme cases, surgery may be necessary if other treatment methods have little to no effect. **Tags:** Conditions, Shoulder **Area:** Shoulder **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Shoulder Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/shoulder-physical-therapy/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** # What is Shoulder Physical Therapy? One of the main treatments after a shoulder injury is physical therapy. Performing certain exercises can strengthen the muscles, ligaments, and tendons. This will help heal your shoulder now and help prevent injury later. These exercises must be done correctly, or you could cause further damage. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we will guide you through a physical therapy routine that will help alleviate your pain and rebuild your shoulder. ## Causes of Shoulder Pain and Planning for Shoulder Physical Therapy? Injury is the most common cause of shoulder pain and the need for physical therapy. Recovery after shoulder surgery and pain due to chronic conditions can also bring a need for physical therapy. Planning the appropriate therapy starts with a proper diagnosis to determine the source of your pain. Once we have determined a cause, we can create a physical therapy routine to help you heal quickly and completely. We may also recommend other treatments, such as over-the-counter painkillers for pain and ice or heat application to reduce inflammation. - ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 31](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-31-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 31 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 132](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-132-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 132 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-34-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Types of Treatment for Shoulder Pain Physical therapy for your shoulder takes place in two phases. The first is to protect the shoulder while it heals while retaining and improving shoulder movement. The second phase involves rebuilding strength in your shoulder so it can be used properly. It’s also designed to prevent injury in the future. You may begin by wearing a sling to stabilize the shoulder. You’ll remove the sling only for your exercise routine. That routine can include gentle stretching and rolling exercises for your shoulder blade, arm, wrist, and hand. You’ll also start flexing your elbow to work the muscles that connect to the shoulder. As your therapy progresses, you may begin working on exercises involving a cane. You’ll begin moving the cane in front of you and behind your back to improve shoulder movement. Once movement has improved, you will move on to exercises made to strengthen your shoulder. This could include using a rubber band or strap, using a pulley, or using small hand weights. Our physical therapists will continue to monitor and evaluate you throughout your physical therapy to ensure your progress stays steady. **Tags:** Conditions, Shoulder **Area:** Shoulder **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Skin & Nail Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/skin-and-nail-surgery/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Several diseases can affect the skin and toenails, from fungal infections, corns, and warts to ingrown toenails. For most people, these conditions are minor and can be treated at home. Some conditions, however, can become severe to the point of being painful. When topical medications aren’t enough, it may be time to seek professional treatment. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can treat several types of skin and nail ailments, alleviating your pain and returning your foot to its normal appearance. ## Diagnosis and Treatment Skin and toenail ailments can vary. Some are the result of fungal or bacterial infections. Over-the-counter medications and cream often help, but in more severe cases, a prescription may be needed. Many patients suffer from ingrown toenails, where the corners of the nail dig into the surrounding soft tissue and cause irritation and swelling. Thickening nails can also cause irritation to surrounding tissue. Corns, calluses, and warts are growths or hardening of the tissue, usually on the bottom of the foot or on the toes. These can make it painful to walk or even wear shoes. Most people can be treated by oral medications or topical ones. Those with severe conditions may consider laser treatment or surgery. Severe infections with ingrown toenails or tissue afflictions may require removal of the toenail or skin lesion. In some cases, laser treatment can repair the damage. In others, traditional surgery may be necessary. Surgery is usually minimally invasive and often can be performed on an outpatient basis. In many cases, there are usually few or no side effects, and downtime is often minimal. After surgery, we work with you to ensure your feet stay healthy, including working with you to recommend proper footwear. Keeping your feet clean and wearing proper footwear are the best ways to keep such ailments from returning. - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-05-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 05 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-32-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Procedures **Area:** Foot and Ankle **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Spinal Stenosis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/spinal-stenosis/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## What is spinal stenosis? Spinal stenosis is a condition in which the spinal canal or tunnel that houses the neural elements (neurons) that travel down the spine is narrowed. Central narrowing refers to the main channel, while foraminal narrowing refers to each nerve root's "exit ramp." The condition can affect the cervical (neck) or lumbar spine (lower back). ## Signs and symptoms of spinal stenosis Spinal stenosis occurs when the spinal canal constricts, putting pressure on the nerves. Pressure on the nerves causes discomfort, numbness, or weakness in the extremities. Cervical (neck) stenosis can cause pain in the arms, legs, and balance. Lumbar (low back) stenosis most frequently affects the buttocks and legs, making it painful to walk and stand. Spinal stenosis affects your neck or lower back, although it might also affect other areas of the spine. Not everyone experiences symptoms, but they are generally similar to those listed above if you do. More specific symptoms include: - Sciatica: the sensation of shooting pains that down your leg and start as an ache in the lower back or buttocks. - Foot drop: You may "slap" your foot on the ground caused by painful leg weakness. - You may have a difficult time standing or walking. - In extreme cases of spinal stenosis, some patients lose control of their bladder or bowel due to the weakened nerves to the bladder or bowel. - An aching sensation in the lower back, which shoots out from your spine into your arms and legs. - Spinal stenosis pressing on the root of your spinal nerves can cause numbness, tingling, or weakness in your arms and legs. - If your spinal cord is squeezed by spinal stenosis, you may experience numbness, tingling, or loss of strength in your arms and legs. - It can also affect other parts of your body, such as your bladder and bowel. - If your spinal stenosis squeezes the bottom portion of your spinal cord, you may lose feeling in your pelvic region or suffer from incontinence. If you don't treat it, this might result in severe nerve damage. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment. If you are experiencing a loss of bladder or bowel control, call your doctor immediately. - ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 30](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-30-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 30 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-28Sharpen-Motion-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What causes spinal stenosis? Stenosis happens when the spinal discs become inflamed and collapse, causing a narrowing or blockage in one of the spaces between them ( stenosis ). In rare cases, it might be caused by a tumor, infection, or congenital abnormality (present at birth). Stenosis can be hereditary or develop later in life. It may also be caused by arthritic changes in the facet joints and disc narrowing between the spine bones, which cause excessive ligament development. Scoliosis or a curved spine can also produce it. One vertebra slipping on the next, or one vertebra being scoliotic or curved, can all cause spinal stenosis. Stenosis is most common among individuals in their 50s and older who have arthritic changes to the spine. Developmental or hereditary stenosis affects people in their late teens or twenties and above. ## Treatment Options for spinal stenosis Anti-inflammatory medications and activity modification can treat the early symptoms of stenosis. When symptoms become more severe, epidural steroid injections might be tried. Spinal decompression surgery may be required if none of these treatments work. Depending on the cause of the stenosis and where it is, spinal fusion surgery may also be required. **Tags:** Conditions, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Spine Fusion](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/spinal-fusion/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## **What Is Spinal Fusion?** Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure most commonly used to alleviate pain in vertebrae (small bones of the back). Spine pain can be caused by various spinal conditions, including degenerative disk disease, spinal stenosis, scoliosis, fracture, and more. Spinal fusion is typically recommended when a precise source of pain (i.e., specific vertebrae) can be identified using imaging tests such as x-rays, CT scans, or MRIs. ## **What Occurs During Spinal Fusion?** During spinal fusion, bone grafts (or small pieces of bone) are placed between two or more vertebrae. The bone graft fuses with the bone of the adjacent vertebra/s, and when this is complete, one solid bone has been formed. To perform a spinal fusion procedure, there must be a way for two or more vertebrae to connect. Historically, surgeons have used bone grafts acquired from the patient's hip (called an autograft) in performing spinal fusions. However, this can lengthen surgery time and could lead to increased pain after the procedure. Today, there are both natural and artificial options for bone grafts. ## **Are All Spinal Fusions The Same?** Depending upon the nature and location of the pain, various approaches are used to assist and relieve such conditions. For example, some spinal fusions may be performed using anterior instruments that reach through a lower abdominal incision, while others may be performed using lateral instruments that come from behind. For instance, we may also implement posterior relief procedures from the back end with vertebroplasty being employed to restore collapsed vertebral bodies. - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 56sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-56Sharpen-Motion-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 56sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Nazarian-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "candids nazarian princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 41sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-41Sharpen-Motion-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 41sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **What Does Recovery From Spinal Fusion Look Like?** After surgery, it takes a few months for the fusion process to be completed. To help the process along, many patients will need support from plates, screws, and rods to hold vertebrae together while bone grows between them. In many cases, patients may also need to wear a brace to keep the spine from moving and protect their internal hardware from any stress or strain on their bodies. During this initial recovery period, patients are taught how to move and reposition their bodies appropriately. They're also given specific instructions on how to sit, stand and walk around so that they can continue living life almost as they did before their injury. Over time, doctors help them increase their activity levels so that they can enjoy a full recovery! ## **What Is The Prognosis Of Spinal Fusion?** Spinal fusion relieves pain by preventing motion and movement. Because the vertebrae heal together into a single solid bone, spinal fusion eliminates motion between vertebrae. The procedure also prevents the stretching of tissues and nerves that surround those vertebrae. Fusion surgery may also compromise some motion efficiency and range, but most surgeries successfully limit motion minimalistically because most spine procedures involve only small segments of the spine. The spine is the structural foundation of our body. Without it, we wouldn't be able to maintain healthy movement, and without healthy activity, we wouldn't be able to maintain a balance between physical and psychological health. That's why with so many factors to consider when undergoing spinal fusion surgery performed, it's best to sit down with a specialist at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates to understand your options thoroughly. **Tags:** Procedures, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Sprained Ankle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/podiatry/sprained-ankle/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** # What is a Sprained Ankle? A sprained ankle is one of the most common ankle injuries. With a typical ankle sprain, your ankle rolls inward or outward and pulls the tendons and ligaments below the ankle joint. A high ankle sprain happens above the joint, usually near the bottom of the tibia and fibula, or leg bones. Many people treat sprained ankles at home. Many ankle sprains can be treated at home if treated properly. A doctor should examine severe sprains to ensure there isn’t more damage than expected, such as a torn ligament or fractured bone. ## Common Ankle Sprains A common sprain involves a set of ligaments and tendons below the ankle joint. Usually, with this type of sprain, the foot rolls inward or outward and pulls the ligaments and tendons. The result is immediate pain, followed by swelling, bruising, and often the inability to put weight on the ankle. Treatment of an ankle sprain involves the acronym RICE, which stands for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation. Patients can manage pain with over-the-counter pain medication, preferably ibuprofen or Aleve, to reduce swelling as well. A doctor should examine more severe sprains to ensure there are no broken bones or that the ligaments or tendons aren’t torn. Doctors will perform a physical examination and get images from x-rays or a CT scan. Severe sprains may require the patient to use crutches or a walking boot while the ligaments heal. Common sprains that don’t involve surgery usually heal within six weeks. - ![candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pinero-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-26-1024x683.jpg "candids pinero princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Smith-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-08-1024x683.jpg "candids smith princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 08 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What are High Ankle Sprains? High sprains occur above the ankle. Rather than rolling the ankle, high sprains usually occur while running and a quick twist, cut, or turn takes place, stretching the ligaments along the lower parts of the tibia and fibula. High sprains may not display the swelling and bruising of common sprains, so it may be more difficult to tell that there’s damage. If proper care isn’t taken for the high ankle sprain, it can lead to more complications later. High ankle sprains result in pain up the leg rather than down into the foot. Any weight on the ankle is painful, and moving the foot in the same way as the initial injury can worsen the pain. High ankle sprains can be treated the same way as common ankle sprains, with the RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation) method. Sprains that involve torn ligaments or fractures may require surgery. Most high ankle sprains will heal within six weeks, but those involving surgery and physical therapy could take up to six months to heal completely. **Tags:** Conditions, Podiatry **Area:** Podiatry, Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Steroid & Visco Supplementation](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/non-operative/steroid-viscoelastic-supplementation/) **Published:** November 24, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates offers steroid and viscosupplementation injections as an advanced treatment option for arthritis and other types of joint pain that haven’t responded well to other therapies, such as exercise and oral pain medication. These injections are considered safe for nearly all patients and provide relief at the source of the pain. ## Steroid Injections We provide corticosteroid injections to relieve inflammation of a joint. Some injections may include the use of a local anesthetic to reduce discomfort. The steroid is then injected directly into the affected joint. The relief can last anywhere from a few days to a few months. ## Viscosupplementation Viscosupplementation is made from a substance called hyaluronan, which is naturally found in healthy joint fluid. The substance is used to make viscosupplementation such as Orthovisc, Euflexxa, and Hyalgan. This fluid is used to cushion and lubricate the knee to relieve pain and swelling. Viscosupplementation can be administered weekly. It can provide pain relief for up to six months, depending on the type of injection and the patient’s response. - ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 30](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-30-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 30 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Stier-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Joint Care, Non-Surgical, Procedures **Area:** Non-Operative **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Steroid Injections & Corticosteroids](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/steroid-injections-and-corticosteroids/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** # **Steroid Injections/Corticosteroids** Corticosteroids are steroid hormones manufactured by the adrenal gland. Some corticosteroids, such as hydrocortisone, can treat pain and inflammation (swelling), redness and itching caused by allergies, and autoimmune diseases like asthma. Corticosteroid injections can help with pain and activity in people with arthritis or other joint diseases. Epidural steroid injections (ESIs) are corticosteroids that are injected into the spinal canal to relieve neck pain and other spine disorders caused by disc herniation ("slipped disc") and other conditions. Corticosteroid injections are used in sports medicine to treat muscle strains and ligament sprains, allowing athletes to return to competition sooner than if they did not receive treatment. ## What is a steroid injection? In layman's terms, a corticosteroid (steroid) injection is a method to administer pain medication locally in the body using a syringe. The anesthetic is injected into the epidural region. This fat-filled area protects the spinal cord and surrounding nerves from damage. Pain relief may be only momentary at times. Other times, the advantages last for a while. ## Who needs an epidural steroid injection? An epidermal steroid injection can provide quick relief if you have severe, tough-to-treat limb or arm pain caused by inflamed spinal nerves. Nerve fibers from the spine to your arms or legs frequently become restricted, causing this discomfort. This narrowing can cause spinal nerve irritation. Several conditions may add to this narrowing, including the following: - Herniated disks - "Slipped" vertebrae - Joint cysts - Bone spurs - Spinal arthritis Injected steroids reduce inflammation and open up blocked passageways, allowing pain alleviation. - ![doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 58](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Doctor-Collab-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-58-1024x683.jpg "doctor collab princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 58 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19sharpen motion](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19Sharpen-Motion-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19sharpen motion - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 60](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-David-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-60-1024x683.jpg "candids david lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 60 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Risks of Steroid Injection Epidural steroid injections are rarely problematic. If you experience any side effects, they are most likely to include: - Flushing of the face and chest, with warmth and an increase in temperature (this usually only lasts a few several days) - Difficulty sleeping - Anxiety - Menstrual changes - Water retention - Pain that increases for several days after the procedure (rare) Serious complications are infrequent but can include: - Allergic reaction - Bleeding - Infection - Nerve damage - Paralysis ## Preparing for Steroid Injection Epidural steroid injections are generally performed as an outpatient procedure. To make the injection process more manageable, you may be required to dress in a surgical gown. Most patients get only local anesthesia; therefore, ask for a sedative if necessary. Before getting the treatment, you should talk to your doctor about any worries if you have diabetes, an allergy to contrast dye, or other medical issues. You may need to follow any number of additional procedures based on your medical condition. ## What to expect during an epidural steroid injection procedure An epidural steroid injection is a straightforward process. Your doctor will use an X-ray machine with moving pictures on a screen to guide the needle as they deliver the injection and confirm that the needle is in the correct spot. The contrast dye is injected to ensure that the medicine reaches the intended location. The steroid drug will generally be administered by the doctor and a local anesthetic to assist with pain relief. ## What to expect after a steroid injection You'll be able to go home after the surgery is completed. On the following day, you should be able to comfortably resume your regular activities. The anabolic steroids typically begin to work in 1 to 3 days. You might need up to a week in some situations to feel the benefits. The injections have been shown to provide relief for people with chronic pain for months. They can be administered again if the treatment is successful. If you experience any adverse effects, see your medical professional immediately. If you don't get pain relief, talk to your doctor. This might indicate that the discomfort originates from someplace other than the spinal nerves. **Tags:** Procedures, Spine **Area:** Spine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Tendon Rupture, Laceration Repairs, & Transfers](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/tendon-rupture-and-laceration/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Tendons are the strong, fibrous tissues that connect muscle to bone and allow movement and joint function. They are primarily made up of collagen, and while they are strong, they are also highly vulnerable to inflammation and injury, such as tendonitis or rupture. Tendon ruptures can frequently occur in the wrist because the tendons assist in flexing, rotating, and extending muscles there. Athletes who throw or grasp using wrist muscles, such as baseball pitchers, are prone to tendon ruptures. The injury may be painful and may cause joint swelling, reducing function in the hand or wrist. ## Treatment to Repair Tendons We must repair tendon ruptures surgically. There are two types of surgery for this repair. One involves just the tendon itself, while the other use tendon tissue from elsewhere in your body. In the first technique, the two ends of the ruptured tendon are sewn together tightly with non-absorbent stitches. In the transfer procedure, part of a tendon from another part of your body replaces the ruptured tendon. The muscles are then immobilized in a splint or brace for several weeks or even months to allow the tendon time to heal fully. Once the tendon is healed, physical therapy is necessary to complete recovery and restore movement in the joint. - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 56](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-56-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 56 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 130](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-130-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 130 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-14-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Hand, Procedures, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Tennis Elbow Release](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/tennis-elbow-release/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Tennis Elbow can occur even if you don’t play tennis. Repeatedly gripping and twisting your hand and wrist causes strain on your forearm tendons near your elbow, leading to inflammation and pain. You may feel pain when you grip something small or when you bend, lift or twist your lower arm. Tennis Elbow Release is a minor surgical procedure aimed at reducing stress on the joint and relieving pain. ## Tennis Elbow Release Procedure The procedure for tennis elbow release takes about 15-30 minutes and can be done as an outpatient procedure. It’s traditionally done under general anesthesia, but it’s increasingly being done under local anesthesia, so you can go home soon afterward. There are three options for the surgeon depending on the state of your tendon and the severity of your pain. The surgeon will make a small incision near your elbow along the arm and inspect the tendon. He will either cut (release) the tendon, repair any tears or reattach the tendon or remove tissue or bone spurs that could be inflaming the tendon. The surgeon then closes your incision with stitches, staples, or surgical adhesive and dress the wound. He’ll then put your arm in a sling, where it will need to remain while you recover. You will receive pain medication and will be allowed to go home after our health team confirms you are not in any discomfort and will be safe at home. You will not be allowed to drive for at least a week after the procedure, so you will need a ride home. ## Recovering From Tennis Elbow Release For the first 3-5 days, you’ll need to keep the dressing and wound clean and dry. You cannot immerse the wound in water, so you may have to alter how you take a shower or bath. Continue taking your pain medication as long as you need it. You may reduce to over-the-counter pain medication as you continue to improve. If you have non-dissolvable stitches or staples, you’ll need to return in 10-14 days to have your stitches or staples removed. Once your wound is dry and completely healed, you can begin taking baths normally again. Part of your recovery will include physiotherapy, which we will arrange for you. It is essential that you regularly attend physiotherapy. The amount of repair during your surgery will determine the length of your recovery, but it can take 4-6 months before you can resume sports activities. Most patients eventually return to normal activities after this surgery. Complications from this surgery are rare but can include a stiff elbow, nerve damage, continued pain, or arthritis. - ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Abrams-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "candids abrams princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-01-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 01 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Elbow, Procedures **Area:** Elbow, Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Throwing Elbow Injuries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/non-operative/throwing-elbow-injuries/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## What Are Throwing Injuries of the Elbow? Throwing an object over and over, such as a ball or Frisbee, can eventually cause the elbow to be overworked and injured. While this type of injury can happen to anyone, it is especially common for those who play sports that involve throwing or swinging objects (baseball, tennis, golf, etc.). The reason this happens is because the force of action when throwing centers on the inner elbow. Overworking this joint can cause: - Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury: small or large tears in the UCL, a ligament in your elbow. - Flexor tendinitis: damaged or painful tendons that are attached to the upper arm bone. - Valgus extension overload: worn cartilage and bone spurs when the humerus and the elbow (olecranon) are pushed against one another. - Olecranon stress fracture: cracked bone as a result of an impact. - Ulnar neuritis: inflammation of an overstretched ulnar nerve. - Medial apophysitis or Little Leaguer’s elbow: pulled tendons and ligaments from repetitive throwing. - Osteochondritis dissecans: loosened cartilage when bones that are not fully developed are pushed together. ### Tennis Elbow Tennis elbow is a painful condition in which the tendons on the outside of your elbow become inflamed due to overuse. It can begin gradually, or suddenly after a specific incident. It may feel like an extension from your shoulder or wrist and can hurt when you flex your wrist. Do not confuse this with golfer’s elbow, which is inflammation of any tendon that connects your forearm muscles to the inside of your elbow! ### Pitcher’s Elbow Pitcher’s elbow is typically thought of as a baseball injury, but it can happen to anyone. It happens when the joint at the elbow area where the muscle and bone meet become strained during a strong overhand motion (like making an overhead throw as in a pitcher throwing a ball). Over time, this motion can cause damage and pain from overuse. ### Golfer’s Elbow Golfer’s elbow is similar in nature to tennis elbow. It is, however, a different type of pain and your physiotherapist will be able to tell you more about it and how he or she can help you deal with the physical symptoms using massage, heat and exercise. ## Common Symptoms of Throwing Elbow Injuries Although each of the different throwing injuries of the elbow are distinct, they have many similar symptoms, including: - Pain in the inner elbow, forearm, and/or wrist - Numbness - Limited range of motion - Weak grip What Is Tommy John Surgery? Tommy John Surgery, named in honor of the late Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher who was the first to undergo this procedure, is a common orthopedic surgery that reconstructs damages within an elbow by replacing an injured or torn ligament with a tendon from another body part. This is a relatively common surgery used to repair torn ulnar collateral ligaments in the elbow. An athlete's ulnar collateral ligament can tear due to repetitive use or trauma and our surgeons can replace this with a tendon from elsewhere in the body. The ultimate goal of this procedure is to stabilize an injured elbow, reduce or entirely resolve pain, and return patients to their pre-injury status either for professional or amateur athletes. Fortunately, it is highly successful at doing just that and has helped thousands of people get back into sports without sacrificing their careers as an athlete! - ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-20-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 20 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Stier-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids stier princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-18-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What Causes Throwing Elbow Injuries? Throwing injuries of the elbow have two primary causes: - Overuse of the elbow - Repetitive motion that straights the elbow For the average person, major elbow injuries are rarely caused by stressing the joint during a throwing motion. But in the case of a professional athlete who may throw a ball 70 to 100 miles per hour, each throw requires a high level of force to be placed on the elbow joint. This repeated motion on this type of scale can lead to inflammation (swelling), cartilage injuries, bone spurs and eventually, tearing the medial collateral ligament (MCL) – otherwise known as the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL). This ligament should not be confused with the one in your knee! When you tear your MCL, you will still have a full range of motion and the ability to throw, but not be able to exert significant force. Your MCL may be weakened over time due to gradual attenuation (weakening) of the ligament. It is important to know this because it gives you the knowledge that if changes in your throwing motion occur, it is likely an indication that you are harming your elbow's joints and surrounding soft tissue if change isn't made promptly. ## Diagnosing Elbow Injuries from Throwing To discover whether you have an injury of the elbow, your doctor will look at your forearm and ask you to move your fingers, hand, wrist, and arm. If you're unable to move any of these areas on account of pain then it is likely that you do suffer from an elbow injury. However, x-rays might be recommended in order to rule out other problems which may not be related to the elbow but are instead symptoms of another illness or injury. ## Preventing Elbow Injuries There are steps you can take to reduce risks of throwing injuries in the elbows. Some of these include: - Exercise and relax your arm after completing sports. - Change up the way you perform activities to avoid further damage. - Ensure the equipment you use fits well by asking questions or making adjustments to gear fit which might cause elbow pain. - Avoid participating in the same activity frequently or disregard intensity level down if suffering from elbow injury symptoms. - Evaluate your workstation to see if there are any changes that could be made to reduce pressure when working on a computer or certain equipment regularly used at home, school or work place which might cause more harm for someone who has elbow pain. - Test out a counterforce brace as a precaution before resuming elbow injury activities again should such an incident happen again in time with higher risk of re-aggravating symptoms upon increased intensity and stress. **Tags:** Conditions, Diagnostic, Non-Operative, Non-Surgical, Physiatric **Area:** Non-Operative, Physiatry, Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Thumb Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/thumb-basal-joint-reconstruction/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** The thumb's basal joint is where the metacarpal (longer bone) in the thumb meets the trapezium bone at the base of the thumb in the palm. Injury or arthritis can damage the joint over time, leading to pain and reduction in mobility. Thumb Basal Joint Arthroplasty, or Thumb Basal Joint Reconstruction, can replace part of the problem joint. ## Thumb Surgery Procedure and Recovery Thumb surgery can be complex because of the ligaments involved, especially if the bone degenerates underneath the connection between the three ligaments and the bone. During surgery, the trapezium bone at the base of the thumb is removed and a replacement cushion is put in its place. Tissue from other parts of the body, such as a piece of tendon, is used to reconnect the thumb and index finger for motions such as pinching and making a fist. However, since the connection is more direct than before, the movement differs slightly after surgery. In some cases, the surgeon will stabilize the joint by placing a steel pin in the thumb. This will need to be removed later. After surgery, you must immobilize the thumb for 4-6 weeks while it heals and the tendon connects appropriately to the bones. After that, you will need physical therapy for another 4-6 weeks to get proper movement back into the joint. - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-40-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Grenis Hand Doctor Princeton - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-32-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Hand, Procedures, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Tibial Nonunion Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/trauma/repair-of-tibial-nonunion/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Most of the time, broken bones heal correctly. In some cases, however, the bone doesn’t heal together the way it should. When this happens with the front lower leg bone, the tibia, you may need surgery to repair the problem. Tibial nonunion surgery is necessary for only about 10% of patients with tibial fractures. The bone does not heal properly and causes pain, swelling, and physical deformity in those cases. Often, the lack of healing results from a lack of proper blood supply to the fractured area during healing. Other factors can affect it, including diabetes, vitamin D deficiency, severe anemia, poor nutrition, and certain medications. ## Treatment and Tibial Nonunion Surgery Treatment of tibial nonunions is two-fold. The first step is to figure out why the bone didn’t heal correctly and address the problem so the bone can be repaired and heal the way it should. The second step is surgery to stabilize the bone and make the repairs necessary to return healthy tissue to the affected area. The surgeon may install rods, plates, or screws to hold the bone in place. A bone graft may be used to bring in healthy cells and stimulate bone growth. The graft may come from the back of the hip bone. Any infection in the area is removed so proper healing can take place. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we will work with you to determine the cause of your tibial nonunion, and we will offer the best treatment options for your case. Our goal is to have you walking again without pain. - ![candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Hasan-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-24-1024x683.jpg "candids hasan princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Levine-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids levine princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Ankle, Foot, Procedures **Area:** Trauma Care **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Torn Shoulder Labrum](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/non-operative/torn-shoulder-labrum/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** ## What is the shoulder labrum? The labrum is a cartilage disk that serves as a critical stabilizer for the shoulder joint, reinforcing the ball-and-socket joint of your shoulder and serving as an attachment site for your ligaments and tendons. If you've ever dislocated your shoulder, then it's likely the result of a torn labrum. This can cause many long-term problems if not treated from relapsing over time. ## Signs and Symptoms of a Torn Shoulder Labrum While symptoms vary depending on the type of labral tear a person has, the most common signs of a torn shoulder labrum are: - shoulder pain - shoulder instability - a feeling of grinding, locking or catching while moving the shoulder ## What are the different types of shoulder labral tears? The SLAP tear and Bankart tear are two of the most common types of labral injuries. While there are some key differences, both types of tears are usually accompanied by aching pain and difficulty performing regular shoulder movements. ### SLAP tears SLAP stands for superior labrum from anterior to posterior. This type of tear occurs at the front of the shoulder, where the bicep attaches to your shoulder blade. Athletes who have a lot of strain with their arms over their heads and players involved in quick side-to-side motions are likely candidates for this injury. Patients who suffer from SLAP tears may experience pain when using their arms, especially when extending it behind them. ### Bankart tears Bankart tears typically occur in younger patients who have previously dislocated their shoulder. When the shoulder joint ball slips out of the socket, the joint capsule is pulled on by the fibers surrounding and protecting the joint. This results in instability because more force can cause more damage, so the presence of a Bankart tear makes it easier for your shoulder to dislocate again. A dislocation where the head of your humerus shifts forward from its usual place is called anterior instability. A dislocation where it shifts backward is called posterior instability. Many patients with Bankart tears report feeling apprehension that the shoulder may slip out of place or dislocate when moved to specific positions. ## How to Prevent Labral Tears of the Shoulder Unfortunately, labral tears can be difficult to prevent. Most athletes who experience this injury are at risk due to the high force they go through their performance motions. This results in the tearing of their shoulder cartilage. However, we at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates are experts in labral tears and follow stringent protocols to ensure our patients are as prepared as they possibly can be to reduce and / or eliminate their chances of developing a labral tear during physical activity. Although an injury such as this is quite painful, 70% of people recover within six months after sustaining it, and 100% should be back to normal in a total period of 1 year or less! - ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-19-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-02-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 02 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Can a Torn Shoulder Labrum Heal Without Surgery? In some cases, the labrum can heal with rest and physical therapy. Physical therapy involves stretching and rehabilitation programs to help the shoulder regain its range of motion, strength, and endurance. Whenever possible, the surgeons at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates take a conservative approach to treating a torn shoulder labrum. Your surgeon will usually conduct a physical exam and order an MRI or X-ray imaging, if necessary, to determine the severity of the injury and appropriate treatment. SLAP tears are most times treated through rest and the use of anti-inflammatory medications. An in-office cortisone injection may follow this to relax any excess tension keeping the two separated muscles from moving correctly against one another. Finally, after the shot is received, a physical therapist will assist you with gentle shoulder stretches within their clinic for between six weeks and two months to promote recovery. If an injury like a Bankart tear with a dislocation has occurred, it is not ordinarily treated with surgery. In such instances, the physician helps by manipulating it back into its natural position - a process called reduction. Following this, we may put the patient through physical therapy to strengthen their rotator cuff and scapular stabilizing muscles. ## When Surgery is Needed for a Torn Shoulder Labrum The patient may require surgery if the tear worsens and does not improve with physical therapy. Suppose physical therapy fails, and the athlete still can't complete overhead motions, or dislocation continues to occur. In that case, the patient might require surgery to reattach torn ligaments and labrum using pins, plates, screws, or similar material. It is usually preferred but not always necessary if a smaller incision (2-5cm) is used because it's less invasive than major surgery. Nonsurgical treatment has proven effective for patients with joint problems who do not regularly engage in physical activity. More athletic and physically active clients can expect less favorable results and may want to consider pursuing surgery after hearing from their doctors. ## How Long Does It Take to Recover From Shoulder Labrum Repair Surgery? Patients who undergo arthroscopic surgery will experience faster recovery times and less pain. Meanwhile, athletes undergoing open surgery should expect longer healing periods with more pain, and in some cases, incomplete shoulder rotation. Recovery time can range from six months to a year for total healing, depending on the sport and how much the shoulder is used. Regardless of which type of surgery you're prepping for, all athletes are advised to wear a sling for the first four weeks after surgery. During this crucial recovery period, the sling protects the shoulder from shock and injury. If appropriately fixed, most athletes should be able to return to at least 80% of their pre-injury level of play after as little as three months is given to heal. **Tags:** Conditions, Diagnostic, Non-Operative, Non-Surgical, Physiatric **Area:** Non-Operative, Physiatry, Sports Medicine **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Total Hip Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/joint-care/total-hip-replacement/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Total hip replacement is a standard surgical procedure used to replace damaged bone ends within the joint with a metal and plastic prosthetic device. Advances in medical technology allow this procedure, which was originally performed using all invasive techniques, to now be done with minimally invasive ones. These minimally invasive techniques offer patients significant advantages over the traditional procedure. Although hip replacement surgery sounds like it can be extensive, nowadays, there are various techniques to minimize the invasiveness of the surgery. First things first, this procedure is often performed under X-ray guidance to ensure precise placement of the implant. Secondly, surgical instruments are often used rather than forceps; thus, the muscles and tendons are only slightly detached, which means that they will heal very quickly. ## **Benefits of Total Hip Replacement Surgery** With minimally invasive total hip replacement, patients can benefit from: - Less pain - Less scarring - Less muscle damage - Faster recovery - Shorter hospital stay - ![candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Gutowski-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-16-1024x683.jpg "candids gutowski princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Culp-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids culp princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 12](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-12-1024x683.jpg "- Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## **How is MIS Total Hip Replacement Different from Traditional Hip Replacement?** Traditional total hip replacement surgery uses long incisions to view and access the joint. However, for select patients, their orthopaedic surgeon offers minimally invasive techniques in which one or shorter incisions are used or the location of the incision is changed. Because these procedures can keep post-surgery pain to a minimum, result in less invasive techniques for minimal trauma, and promote faster healing times, many doctors think they're ideal for select patients. Despite some differences, traditional hip replacement surgery and minimally invasive surgery are both technically demanding procedures that should be performed by a team of skilled surgeons and operating staff who have plenty of experience in their field. In the case of traditional hip replacement, the damaged bones are cut, filed away, and removed while a new metal or ceramic hip joint is installed into the body. Whereas with minimally-invasive techniques, small incisions are used to insert a camera and miniaturized instruments to ensure a tight fit over the newly implanted material - this also allows the procedure to become faster and less physically draining on patients by enforcing fewer movements from them compared to other methods which have been developed in recent decades. ## **Who is a candidate for MIS Total Hip Replacement? Minimally invasive total hip replacement is not suitable for all patients. Your doctor will conduct a comprehensive evaluation and consider several factors before determining whether the procedure is appropriate for you. This method is ideal for younger, thinner, healthier patients who may be more motivated to recover quickly from hip replacement surgery. The idea behind this process is that it will help your body get back into shape faster while minimizing the amount of pain you endure. In general, minimally invasive techniques may be less suitable or create a higher risk of complications for patients who: - Have already undergone other hip surgeries - Are overweight or very muscular - Have a significant deformity of the hip joint - Have other health issues that may slow wound healing To learn more about our MIS Total Hip Replacement Services, please contact us today to schedule an appointment! **Tags:** Joint Replacement, Procedures **Area:** Joint Replacement **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Total Knee Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/joint-care/total-knee-replacement/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Total knee replacement may be necessary with severe damage or when other treatments have failed in alleviating pain or improving movement. Knee replacement often comes after cartilage, which cushions the joint, becomes so damaged that the knee is constantly painful and stiff. ## Knee Replacement Procedure Surgery for total knee replacement lasts 1-2 hours and involves replacing the entire joint with an artificial prosthesis. There are several types of procedures, but the more common type uses a prosthesis that is attached with surgical cement. The prosthesis is made up of three parts: the tibial component that replaces the top of the tibia (shin) bone, the femoral compartment that replaces the bottom of the femur (thigh) bone, and the patellar component that resurfaces the bottom of the kneecap that rubs against the thigh bone. Patients are often walking after 4-6 weeks, but physical therapy is necessary to get full function back. Full recovery can take 6-12 months. - ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids pressman princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pressman-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "candids pressman princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Joint Replacement, Procedures **Area:** Joint Replacement **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Total Shoulder Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/total-shoulder-replacement/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Patients who suffer from chronic diseases such as arthritis that affects their shoulder may find relief in total shoulder replacement (TSR) surgery. This procedure involves replacing both main parts of the joint to improve the range of motion and relieve pain. The goal is to improve the quality of life for the patient for many years to come. ## TSR Procedure and Recovery Total shoulder replacement is often done in patients with arthritis in the shoulder who have not responded to traditional treatments. These can include physical therapy, medication, and cortisone injections. If the pain and stiffness persist, a total shoulder replacement may be the best option. The surgery usually takes 1-2 hours. The surgeon removes the arthritic head of the humerus (upper arm bone) and the glenoid (socket joint) of the shoulder blade (scapula) and replaces them with prosthetic pieces. The new parts provide smooth movement of the joints, relieve pain, and restore range of motion. Patients can expect 4-6 weeks of wearing a sling or splint to keep the shoulder immobilized while it heals. Then, you can expect to undergo physical therapy to get rid of the stiffness and return mobility and range of motion to the shoulder. The typical total recovery time for TSR surgery is 4-6 months. - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 30](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-30-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Rossy - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Song-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-27-1024x683.jpg "candids song princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Rossi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "candids rossi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Procedures, Shoulder **Area:** Shoulder **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Trigger Finger Release](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/trigger-finger-release/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Trigger finger is a condition when the tendon swells bigger than its protective sheath and catches when the finger is bent. It’s a painful condition that can cause the bent finger to pop and even remain frozen in place until enough force is placed on it to straighten it again. Trigger finger can get worse over time if not treated. It can also affect the thumb, known as trigger thumb. ## Treatment For Trigger Finger Mild cases of trigger finger can be treated with steroid injection to reduce the inflammation and restore proper movement in the finger. You can also use specific exercises and over-the-counter painkillers to relieve a trigger finger. In some cases, you may wear a splint to help mobilize the tendon and allow the swelling to go down. In more severe cases, you may need surgery to release the tendon. Surgery is usually performed under local anesthesia and involves making a small cut in the sheath around the tendon to release it. Recovery can vary depending on the severity and treatment. The more severe cases involving surgery usually need 4-6 weeks of recovery, though some swelling or stiffness can linger for several months. If the finger remains stiff, physical therapy may be necessary. - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-32-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 32 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-11-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-18-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Hand, Procedures, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Trigger Point Injections](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/non-operative/trigger-point-injections/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Trigger point injections are used to treat pain at the source, specifically at the knots of muscles that form when the muscles don’t relax properly. These trigger points can radiate pain from the knotted area. ## Trigger Point Injection Procedures The trigger point injection is a simple process that can take place in the doctor’s office. A needle containing a local anesthetic is inserted into the trigger point. The anesthetic eliminates the activity at the trigger point and alleviates the pain. The procedure only takes a few minutes and is considered safe with minimal side effects. Trigger point injections can also be used to loosen muscles to make rehabilitation easier. The injections are used to relieve pain and allow for more movement during rehabilitation. - ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-21-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Non-Operative, Procedures **Area:** Non-Operative **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [UCL Repair and Reconstruction](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/ucl-repair-reconstruction/) **Published:** December 7, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** The ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) runs along the outside of the elbow and is needed to keep the elbow stable and functioning well. However, injury is common in this ligament particularly during throwing sports such as javelin, football, and baseball. In fact, the name of the treatment for this issue is often referred to as “Tommy John surgery,” after the Los Angeles Dodgers pitcher who was the first baseball player to undergo the surgery and return to a baseball career. The surgery was so successful that he played for 13 more years, retiring after 26 seasons of baseball. Since then, the surgery has been successful in thousands of athletes. The tearing of the UCL is often a chronic injury, though it can also be ruptured by a fall on an outstretched hand or a similar trauma. ## Surgery and Recovery Surgery is often recommended for athletes to help them fully recover and continue in sports. During the surgery, the ligament is reconstructed from another ligament in the patient’s body, often from the forearm, hamstring, or knee. Often, the surgeon will use part of the palmaris longus tendon, which is located on the inside of the forearm. The surgeon threads the new ligament through holes drilled in a figure-8 style for proper tension in the ligament. After the surgery, the patient spends 1-2 weeks with an immobilized elbow. After that, the patient begins physical therapy with shoulder range of motion exercises before it progresses to the elbow. Recovery to full strength and function can take up to a year for the average athlete. However, many athletes report they can play better than before. - ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-23-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 123](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-123-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 123 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 48](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-48-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 48 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Elbow, Procedures **Area:** Elbow **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Ulnar Nerve Transposition](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/ulnar-nerve-transposition/) **Published:** December 7, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** The ulnar nerve is a large nerve that runs through the elbow and down to the hand. It runs through an area called the cubital tunnel syndrome. When this nerve becomes inflamed, it can lead to pain or even numbness in the pinky and ring fingers. Over time, the muscles can degrade from improper use. Ulnar nerve transposition moves the nerve so it is no longer pinched or inflamed. The result is a reduction in pain and numbness and an increase in mobility for the hand and elbow. ## Symptoms and Treatment Pinching of the ulnar nerve can lead to numbness of the pinky and ring finger on the hand, particularly when the elbow is flexed. Over time, this condition can lead to nerve damage called neuropathy, which can degrade the muscles to a point that cannot be reversed. That is why this condition should be treated as soon as possible. The first step is non-surgical treatments, such as bracing the elbow during sleep or typing to keep it supported while it’s bent. Patients may also be given anti-inflammatory medicines, including over-the-counter painkillers, to reduce inflammation on the nerve. In extreme cases, surgery may be necessary to move the ulnar nerve from behind the elbow to in front of it. This reduces the pressure and alleviates pain. After surgery, patients can expect to be in a brace or sling for 2-4 weeks to keep the elbow immobile. After that, physical therapy is necessary to get full movement back. Patients usually undergo physical therapy for 3-4 months. - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-27-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 27 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-28-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bronsnick-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-13-1024x683.jpg "candids bronsnick princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Procedures **Area:** Elbow **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Ulnar Wrist Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/ulnar-wrist-pain/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Ulnar wrist pain occurs on the pinkie side of your wrist. It is named after the ulna bone, which lies on the pinkie side of the forearm. Ulnar wrist pain can have several causes. It can also lead to other symptoms, such as popping or clicking of the joints, numbness, and swelling. The exact cause can be difficult to diagnose because of the variety of possible reasons. However, we can analyze and treat your ulnar wrist pain. ## Symptoms and Causes of Ulnar Wrist Pain Ulnar wrist pain can be more than just pain on the pinkie side of the wrist. It can be accompanied or preceded by other symptoms. This can include popping at the joint with excessive movement or pressure, losing grip strength on the pinkie side, or losing movement in the wrist. There can be several reasons for ulnar wrist pain. These include: - Arthritis - Wrist fracture - Infection - Nerve compression - Nerve injury - Cartilage damage - Ulnar impaction syndrome - Excessive or repetitive use - Ganglion cysts or other growths - Blood clot in the ulnar artery - Circulation problems ## Treatment For Ulnar Wrist Pain We can help treat many of these issues with pain medication, braces, physical therapy, or special exercises. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to alleviate the pain. Visit Princeton Orthopaedic Associates to figure out how we can help you with your ulnar wrist pain. - ![candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Grenis-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-24-1024x683.jpg "candids grenis princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 46](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-46-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 46 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 126](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-126-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 126 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Conditions, Forearm, Hand, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Unicondylar Knee Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/joint-care/unicondylar-knee-replacement/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Unicondylar knee replacement is also known as unicompartmental knee replacement. It’s a less invasive alternative to a total knee replacement and is used to return mobility and alleviate pain in the patient’s knee. Unicondylar knee replacement is more often performed on younger, more active patients who aren’t ready for a total knee replacement. It’s also used on arthritis patients who have damage to only part of the knee. ## Procedure and Advantages Unicondylar knee replacement removes and replaces only a portion of the knee damaged by arthritis or wear from overuse. It involves making an incision near the damaged area and removing the part of the bone that’s damaged, usually on the lower femur (thigh bone) and upper tibia (shin bone). The damaged portion is replaced by prosthetic material designed to make the joint move smoother. Patients often have less scarring, shorter recovery times, and a better range of motion after this surgery. Recovery time is usually 6-8 weeks and will include physical therapy, often for several months. - ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 17](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-17-1024x683.jpg "Patient with a torn MCL - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Padromo-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-33-1024x683.jpg "candids padromo princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 33 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids pressman princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Pressman-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-14-1024x683.jpg "candids pressman princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 14 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Joint Replacement, Procedures **Area:** Joint Replacement **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Wrist Arthroscopy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/wrist-arthroscopy/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Wrist arthroscopy can be used to diagnose and treat several ailments related to the wrist joint. In this procedure, a tiny camera is inserted into the joint to diagnose problems, and we can insert tools in the same incision to treat the problems found there. Wrist arthroscopy can be used to treat damage from trauma, disease, or degeneration of the eight small bones in the wrist or the ligaments and tendons that help the joint function. ## Diagnosis and Treatment With Wrist Arthroscopy Wrist arthroscopy involves making a small incision in the wrist and inserting a tube with a camera. Images of the inside of the wrist are displayed on a screen so the surgeon can diagnose any issues and determine the best way to treat them. In some cases, the surgeon can treat the diagnosed problem during the wrist arthroscopy. The surgeon can remove inflamed areas, fix fractures, repair torn tendons or ligaments, or remove abnormalities such as ganglion cysts. Wrist arthroscopy usually results in minor bleeding and scarring than traditional surgeries, and recovery times are shorter. The wrist will need to be elevated and bandaged for several days with a diagnostic procedure. Treatment procedures may mean a bit longer recovery time. - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 111](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-111-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 111 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-24-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-03-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 03 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Hand, Procedures, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Wrist Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/wrist-pain/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Wrist pain can be caused by various issues, from sudden trauma such as an accident or fall to chronic conditions such as repetitive stress. You can treat some wrist pain at home with ice and over-the-counter pain medication. Other conditions may require surgery to be appropriately corrected. At Princeton Orthopaedic Associates, we can determine the cause of your wrist pain and the best treatment to eliminate your pain and prevent damage further down the road. The first step is to determine the cause of your wrist pain. ## Causes of Wrist Pain There are so many possible causes for wrist pain that it can be challenging to diagnose. Some of the most common causes include: - Traumatic injuries such as falls or accidents - Repetitive stress injuries - Rheumatoid arthritis - Osteoarthritis - Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - Ganglion Cysts - Kienbock’s Disease Diagnosis of your wrist pain begins with basic questions: Have you recently had a fall, accident, or injury? Do you have a daily task that involves repetitive motion with your wrist? Is your pain recent, or have you had it for a while? Does your pain include tingling, numbness, swelling, or loss of movement? From there, we will use digital imaging tools to get a better look at your wrist, including x-rays, CT scans, or MRIs. Once we determine the cause of your wrist pain, we can provide the best treatment options for you. ## Treatment for Wrist Pain Treatment for wrist pain can vary depending on the cause of your pain. If you have a slight sprain, treatment can occur at home with ice and over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen. If your pain persists over several days, gets worse over several hours, or is accompanied by swelling, bruising, numbness, or loss of motion, then it’s time to see a doctor for more significant treatment. Treatment for traumatic injuries, including fractures or severe sprains, may include wearing a cast or brace. Painkillers may be recommended or prescribed. Braces or physical therapy may be necessary for repetitive injuries or chronic wrist pain. In the most severe cases of wrist pain, you may require surgery. Our doctors at Princeton Orthopaedic Associates will guide you through the treatment plan that is best for you. Our goal is to eliminate your pain and prevent long-term damage or loss of mobility. **Tags:** Conditions, Forearm, Hand, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Conditions --- ### [Wrist, Forearm, & Hand ORIF Fractures](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/wrist-hand-orif-fractures/) **Published:** December 1, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Some fractures are more complicated than others. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates can often set a clean fracture with external reduction, which is when the doctor moves the bones back into place so they can heal properly. But some breaks result in bone fragments, bones moved out of place, bones broken, and tendons or ligaments damaged. In these extreme cases, open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) surgery is necessary to ensure the bones heal correctly. This procedure is commonly used to treat wrist, forearm, and hand fractures. ## ORIF Procedure During open reduction internal fixation, an incision is made to access the bones and bone fragments, put back together, and set in their proper place. Screws, rods, or plates may hold the bones and fragments in place, usually below the skin. In the most severe cases, rods will run from inside to outside the skin and attach to a brace to further immobilize the bone. The surgical hardware placed inside the skin is usually left permanently, barring any complications such as infection. External rods and braces will be removed once the bone has healed enough to remain stable without them. Recovery can take several weeks to a few months, and often physical therapy is needed afterward to return full mobility to the limb. - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 09](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-09-1024x683.jpg "Dr. Ark - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 85](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Marc-Lamb-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-85-1024x683.jpg "candids marc lamb princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 85 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Ark-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-07-1024x683.jpg "candids ark princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 07 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Hand, Procedures, Wrist **Area:** Hand and Wrist **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [X-Rays](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/diagnostic/digital-radiography-x-ray/) **Published:** November 30, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** An x-ray is a tried-and-true diagnostic tool used for over a century to find everything from torn ligaments to broken bones. Traditional x-rays use sheets of film that have to be developed, much like a film from a camera. More modern x-rays use digital technology to provide a body’s internal image. Digital x-ray, or digital radiography, uses a special imaging detector to read the body part and create a digital image. These modern x-rays are faster and provide better results to doctors, who can view the images on a computer rather than having to use lightboxes and the old film. The other advantage to today’s digital x-rays is that they use less radiation than the old-style x-ray machines. This makes it safer for the patient. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates uses digital x-rays as one of its diagnostic tools. To learn more, contact us. - ![misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Misc-Medical-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-04-1024x683.jpg "misc medical princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 04 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Xray-Casting-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-24-1024x683.jpg "xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Xray-Casting-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-40-1024x683.jpg "xray casting princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 40 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Diagnostic, General Orthopaedics, Non-Operative **Area:** Diagnostic, Non-Operative **Service Types:** Procedures --- ### [Epidural Spinal, Nerve Root, and Facet Joint Injection](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/diagnostic/epidural-spinal-nerve-root-and-facet-joint-injection/) **Published:** November 23, 2021 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Content:** Patients who need temporary relief from degenerative discs to nerve pain may consider spinal injections as part of their treatment. These injections cannot cure issues but can provide temporary relief from pain. Princeton Orthopaedic Associates offers several spinal injection services to treat back and nerve pain in patients in addition to diagnosing nerve and back issues. ## How Are the Injections Done? Spinal injections may sound intimidating, but rest assured, your comfort is foremost on our minds. We start with a local anesthetic at the injection site to make the actual injection much easier. We then give the injection directly into the area affected to eliminate your pain at the source. We perform these injections using imaging guidance, such as from an x-ray or MRI. This ensures our precision. The steroid injection usually takes about 4-6 hours to take effect, but it will last several weeks. Patients may feel pain at the injection site for a couple of days afterward, but that will subside. There may also be tenderness and swelling at the site, but it should also subside in a couple of days. ## Epidural Spinal Injections Epidural steroid injections are a standard treatment for lower back and leg pain. They provide temporary relief for patients with everything from lumbar disc herniation to lumbar spinal stenosis to degenerative discs. Steroid injections can also be used in the cervical spine (neck) and thoracic spine (mid-back). The injections use cortisone and local anesthetic or saline solutions to flush particles from the area, causing swelling and pain and reducing inflammation. Depending on the patient’s condition, an injection can provide relief from a week to up to a year. ## Facet Injections A facet injection is another treatment used to relieve back pain caused by inflamed facet joints. This minimally invasive treatment is used on patients with spinal stenosis, sciatica, or arthritis. It’s often characterized by neck, arm, lower back, or leg pain. The pain comes from the facet joints, four points on the vertebra (backbone) connecting it to the vertebrae above it. Facet injections can be used for diagnostic purposes but are most often used for pain relief. The injections include a long-lasting steroid and a local anesthetic. The injection goes into the joint or the surrounding tissue, and it can last anywhere from a few days to a couple of years. The treatment can be repeated up to three times a year for patients who have successful short-term relief. ## Nerve Blocks Nerve blocks are used both as a treatment tool and as a diagnostic tool. It is used for patients experiencing severe back or leg pain. The procedure for a nerve block is to inject alcohol, phenol, or a similar substance into or around the nerve to numb it. This stops the pain signals from getting to the brain and provides pain relief that can last from 6-12 months. This can be repeated as needed. We can also use nerve blocks to diagnose the source of chronic pain in a patient. An anesthetic is injected for a certain amount of time, giving the doctor time to trace the patient’s regular pain source. - ![candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Miller-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids miller princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Mizrachi-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-34-1024x683.jpg "candids mizrachi princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 34 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - ![candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10](https://princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Thakral-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-10-1024x683.jpg "candids thakral princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Tags:** Diagnostic, Non-Surgical, Physiatric, Procedures **Area:** Diagnostic, Non-Operative **Service Types:** Procedures --- ## Contacts ### [Brosnick, Daniel E. MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/daniel-e-brosnick/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Brosnick **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Hasan, Jennifer DPM](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/jennifer-hasan/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Hasan **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Mizrachi, Arik MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/arik-mizrachi/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Mizrachi **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Stier, Kyle MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/kyle-stier/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Stier **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Vannozzi, Brian MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/brian-vannozzi/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Vannozzi **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Song, Frederick MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/frederick-song/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Song **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Rossy, William MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/william-rossy-md/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Rossy **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Pressman, Mark MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/mark-pressman/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Pressman **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Nazarian, Rony MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/rony-nazarian/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Nazarian **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Moskwa, C. Alexander MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/c-alexander-moskwa/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Moskwa **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Levine, Stuart MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/stuart-levine/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Levine **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Gutowski, W. Thomas MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/w-thomas-gutowski/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Gutowski **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Grenis, Michael MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/michael-grenis/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Grenis **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Boniello, Anthony J. MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/anthony-j-boniello/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Boniello **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Bezwada, Hari MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/hari-bezwada/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Bezwada **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Culp, Brian MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/brian-culp-md/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Culp **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Ark, Jon MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/jon-ark/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Ark **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Abrams, Jeffrey MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/jeffrey-abrams/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Abrams **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Pay Your Bill](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/pay-your-bill/) **Published:** March 25, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing --- ### [Prodromo, John MD](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/john-prodromo/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Tags:** Prodromo **Departments:** Physicians --- ### [Private Pay](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/private-pay/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing, Insurance --- ### [Princeton Avenue Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physical-therapy/princeton-avenue/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Physical Therapy --- ### [Workers Compensation](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/workers-compensation/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing --- ### [United Healthcare - UMR](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/united-healthcare-umr/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing, Insurance --- ### [Uncompensated Care/Clinic/Medicaid](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/uncompensated-care/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing, Insurance --- ### [Surgery (Pre-Certification/Authorization)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/main/surgery-pre-certification-authorization/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Main --- ### [Scotch Road Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physical-therapy/scotch-road/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Physical Therapy --- ### [Robbinsville Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physical-therapy/robbinsville/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Physical Therapy --- ### [Qualcare](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/qualcare/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing, Insurance --- ### [Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physical-therapy/physical-therapy/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Physical Therapy --- ### [Patient Portal](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/main/patient-portal/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Main --- ### [Oxford](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/oxford/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing, Insurance --- ### [Neck & Back Institute Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physical-therapy/neck-back-institute/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Physical Therapy --- ### [MRI Department](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/main/mri-department/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Main --- ### [Motor Vehicle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/motor-vehicle/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing --- ### [Meritain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/meritain/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing, Insurance --- ### [Medicare](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/medicare/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing, Insurance --- ### [Medical Records - Sharecare](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/main/medical-records/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Main --- ### [General Contact](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/main/general-contact/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Main --- ### [Forsgate Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physical-therapy/forsgate/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Physical Therapy --- ### [Disability/FMLA - Sharecare](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/main/disability/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Main --- ### [CT Scan (Authorization Only)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/main/ct-scan-authorization-only/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Main --- ### [Credentialing](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/credentialing/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing --- ### [Collections](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/collections/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing --- ### [Cigna - Great West](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/cigna-great-west/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing, Insurance --- ### [CHN](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/chn/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing, Insurance --- ### [Billing Office Manager](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/billing-office-manager/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing --- ### [Billing Inquiries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/billing-inquiries/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing --- ### [BC/BS](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/bc-bs/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing, Insurance --- ### [AmeriHealth](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/amerihealth/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing, Insurance --- ### [All Other Plans (Not Listed)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/additional-plans/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing, Insurance --- ### [Aetna](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/aetna/) **Published:** March 24, 2022 **Author:** ClearPG-Israel **Departments:** Billing, Insurance --- ## Physical Therapist ### [Susan Kushner, OTD, OTR/L](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/susan-kushner-otd-otr-l) **Published:** May 26, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Nidhi Patel, OT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/nidhi-patel-msot-otr-l) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated with her Master’s of Science in Occupational Therapy from Seton Hall University School of Health and Medicine, Nutley, NJ - Employed with POA since May 2024 **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Jessica Mazurek, PTA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/jessica-korpusinski-pta) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** - Education: Graduated with her Associates of Applied Science degree from Mercer County Community College. - Employed with POA since November 2014 **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Billy Marano, PT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/billy-marano-pt) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Rebecca Yatauro, PT, DPT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/rebecca-yatauro-pt-dpt) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated from Temple with her Doctor of Physical Therapy. She received her bachelor's in biology from Elizabethtown College. - Employed with POA for 4 years - In her free time, you may find her running, hiking, reading, or touring new wineries. **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Michael Biagioli, PT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/michael-biagioli-pt-2) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Jennifer Kole, PT, MDT (McKenzie Certified)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/jennifer-kole-pt-mdt-mckenzie-certified) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated from Northeastern University with a Bachelors of Science degree in physical therapy. - Employed with POA since May 2017 **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Melinda Ude, PT, DPT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/melinda-ude-pt) **Published:** July 29, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated from Rutgers University with a Bachelor’s in Exercise Science. Obtained my Doctor of Physical Therapy degree from College of Staten Island - She enjoys watching soccer and spending time with family and friends in her free time. **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Keith Yatauro, PT, DPT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/keith-yatauro-pt-dpt) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated cum laude with his bachelor’s degree in health science studies and his doctorate of physical therapy from Quinnipiac University. - Employed with POA since March 2016 **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [John Walker, MSPT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/john-walker-mspt) **Published:** July 29, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated with his bachelor’s degree in health and physical education from Montclair State University and his master’s (with honors) in physical therapy from Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons. - Employed with POA since January 1994 - Previous Captain and Chief of Physical Therapy for the US Army Medical Department **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Matthew Alba, PT, DPT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/matthew-alba-pt) **Published:** July 29, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated with his Bachelor’s degree in Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, his Master’s in Anatomy and Clinical Health Science, and Doctorate in Physical Therapy all earned from The University of Delaware. - Worked in outpatient sport and orthopedic physical therapy for 2.5 years in Delaware prior to joining POA **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Evan Zambrana, PTA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/evan-zambrana-pta) **Published:** July 29, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated with his Bachelor’s degree in Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, his Master’s in Anatomy and Clinical Health Science, and Doctorate in Physical Therapy all earned from The University of Delaware. - Worked in outpatient sport and orthopedic physical therapy for 2.5 years in Delaware prior to joining POA **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Stockley Yip, PTA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/stockley-yip-pta) **Published:** July 29, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Brett D. Ostasiewski, PT, DPT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/brett-d-ostasiewski-pt-dpt) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated from The Pennsylvania State University with a bachelor of science in kinesiology and his doctorate of physical therapy, with magna cum laude honors, from University of the Sciences in Philadelphia. - Employed with POA since August 2017 **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Michael Perpetua, PT, DPT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/michael-perpetua-pt-dpt) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated from Seton Hall University with a BS in 2004 and a Doctorate of Physical Therapy in 2007 - Employed with POA since 2019 - Spent 3 years teaching Physical Therapy courses at Seton Hall University as an Adjunct Professor. **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Vanessa Napatano, PTA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/vanessa-napatano-pta) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Rahul Nayak, PT, DPT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/rahul-nayak-pt-dpt) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated with his bachelor’s degree in physical therapy from SDM College of Physiotherapy India and his doctorate of physical therapy from Evidence In Motion. - Employed with POA since April 2015 **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Shawn Mollin, PT, MDT (McKenzie Certified)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/shawn-mollin-pt-mdt-mckenzie-certified) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated with his bachelor’s degree in physical therapy from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. - Employed with POA since April 2003 **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Suzanne Lane, PT, MPT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/suzanne-lane-pt-mpt) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated from Damen College with her bachelor’s degree in physical therapy and her master’s degree in health science from the University of Indianapolis. - Employed with POA since November 1987 **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Stephanie Hodul, PTA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/stephanie-hodul-pta) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated dean’s list from The College of New Jersey with her bachelor’s degree in science, health and exercise science. She received her Associate of Science from Union County Community College. - Employed with POA since September 2016 **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Matthew Herbert, PT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/matthew-herbert-pt) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Laura B. Fisher, PT, CHT (Certified Hand Therapist)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/laura-b-fisher-pt-cht-certified-hand-therapist) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated summa cum laude from Temple University, with her bachelor’s degree in physical therapy. - Employed with POA since June 2010 **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Kayin Childress, PTA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/kayin-childress-pta) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Graduated with his Bachelor’s of Science degree from Kean University and his Associates of Applied Science degree from Mercer County Community College. - Employed with POA since July 2025. **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Cassandra Bowe, PT, DPT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/cassandra-bowe-pt-dpt) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Chris Bobev, PT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/chris-bobev-pt) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Adam Abel, PTA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/adam-abel-pta) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Education: Graduated with his associate of applied science degree from Mercer County Community College. - Employed with POA since January 2019 **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Joseph Abadir, PT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/joseph-abadir-pt) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ### [Vineela Jagana, PT](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/physical-therapist/vineela-jagana-pt) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** - Graduated from the University of Indianapolis, IN, with a Master of Health Sciences in Physical Therapy in 2008. - Employed with POA since March 2025 **Area:** Physical & Occupational Therapists, Physical Therapy --- ## Patient Information ### [Knee Arthroscopy Recovery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-knee-arthroscopy-recovery) **Published:** October 27, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ## Your Roadmap to Recovery After Knee Arthroscopy Staying active is great for your health, yet it can sometimes lead to knee problems. Knee arthroscopy is a common, minimally invasive procedure that lets your surgeon diagnose and treat many of these issues through small incisions. With the right information and a proactive approach, you can support your healing and return to the activities you enjoy. ## What Arthroscopy Involves ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-arthroscopy-example-1-1024x865.jpg "ArthroscopyProcedureProcessExplanationFromMedicalViewOutlineDiagramLabeled - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") During arthroscopy, your surgeon places a thin tube called an arthroscope into your knee through a tiny incision. A small camera on the scope displays the inside of the joint on a screen, which helps your surgeon see what needs attention. In many cases, treatment can be done through these small openings, which often leads to quicker healing and less scarring compared to open surgery. ## Your Role in Healing ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-knee-arthro-work-out-1.jpg "SpinClassGymOrSeniorWomanOnBikeInWorkout - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Recovery speed varies for each person. Your age, the type of knee injury, and how your body responds to treatment all play a part. Following your care plan, asking questions, and taking small daily steps at home can make a meaningful difference. ### Setting Personal Recovery Goals Work with your healthcare team to outline goals that fit your lifestyle. Short-term goals might include walking without crutches or returning to desk work. A long-term goal is usually getting back full knee function for everyday life and favorite activities. ## Know Your Knee: Basic Anatomy ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-knee-anatomy-1024x853.jpg "CollateralLigamentsWithKneeAnatomicalSkeletalStructureOutlineDiagramLabeled - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")CollateralLigamentsWithKneeAnatomicalSkeletalStructureOutlineDiagramLabeled The knee connects the thighbone (femur) and shinbone (tibia). Smooth tissue called articular cartilage covers the bone ends so the joint glides easily. The kneecap (patella) protects the front of the knee, while the meniscus, a C-shaped pad of cartilage inside the joint, cushions and absorbs shock. Strong bands called ligaments stabilize the knee. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) sit inside the joint, and the collateral ligaments run along the sides. The quadriceps and hamstring muscles help move and support the knee. --- ## Meniscus Tears A quick twist, a sudden pivot, or frequent deep squatting can injure the meniscus. Symptoms often include swelling, pain, and a feeling that the knee locks or catches when you bend it. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/torn-meniscus-1024x869.png "torn-meniscus - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Evaluating A Tear Meniscus tears come in different shapes and sizes. Some are small and near the rim, while others run deeper into the cartilage. Arthroscopy allows your surgeon to see the exact location and pattern of the tear. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/healthy-meniscus-1024x869.png "healthy-meniscus - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Repairing A Tear Treatment depends on the tear's location and size. Some tears can be repaired with sutures, which preserve the meniscus. Others are trimmed to remove damaged tissue (a partial meniscectomy) while protecting as much healthy cartilage as possible. ### What Recovery Looks Like Healing can take **3 weeks to 3 months or longer**, depending on whether the meniscus was trimmed or repaired. You may be asked to use crutches, wear a brace after a repair, and complete exercises to restore motion and strength. With a consistent plan, most people do very well. --- ## Ligament Injuries Ligaments support the knee and limit excessive movement. A forceful pivot or a direct hit can partially or completely tear a ligament, which may cause swelling, a wobbly feeling, or difficulty bearing weight. ### How Your Surgeon Evaluates It ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/acl-tear-poa-1024x931.jpg "AclInjuryOrTraumaAsTearOrSprainOfAnterior - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")AclInjuryOrTraumaAsTearOrSprainOfAnterior Arthroscopy allows your surgeon to confirm an ACL tear and assess the inside of the joint. Collateral ligaments, which sit on the sides of the knee, are not visible with the scope, so they are typically evaluated through a physical exam and imaging, such as an MRI. ### How Tears Are Treated Partial ACL tears may be managed without reconstruction. A fully torn ACL is often reconstructed using a graft, which is healthy tissue taken from your own body (autograft) or a donor (allograft). Torn collateral ligaments may be repaired with sutures if needed. ### What Recovery Looks Like Ligaments heal slowly. A partial tear may take up to 3 months to settle. If you have an ACL reconstruction, recovery can range from **6 months to a year or more**. You will use crutches, wear a hinged brace, and follow a progressive exercise plan. After healing, some athletes use a functional brace for certain sports, such as skiing. --- ## Cartilage Wear and Tear Articular cartilage lets the knee move with minimal friction. Over time or after an injury, this surface can wear down. Sometimes small pieces of cartilage or bone break loose and float in the joint, causing pain or stiffness. ### How Your Surgeon Evaluates It ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/knee-repair-damage-1024x869.png "knee-repair-damage - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")knee repair damage Wear can be mild, with minor rough spots (fraying), or severe, with areas worn down to the bone. Loose bodies may also be present and can be seen and removed during arthroscopy. ### How Damage Is Treated Mild roughness may be smoothed to reduce irritation (a procedure called chondroplasty). If bone is exposed, your surgeon may use a special tool to create small holes in the bone to prompt a healing response (microfracture). In select cases, healthy cartilage can be transplanted to a worn area. Any loose fragments are cleared out to improve motion. ### What Recovery Looks Like Recovery varies by procedure and ranges from about **4 weeks to 6 months**. You may need to use crutches for a time, perform exercises to restore motion and strength, and use simple strategies to protect your knees, such as sitting on a gardening stool or using a golf cart when needed. --- ## Kneecap Problems (Patellofemoral Issues) The back of the kneecap is covered with cartilage that helps the joint move smoothly. With injury, overuse, or aging, this surface can become rough and painful. Some people also have kneecap-tracking problems, in which the patella does not stay centered in its groove during bending. ### How Your Surgeon Evaluates It ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/kneecap-problems-1024x768.jpg "PatellofemoralPainSyndromeAsAnatomicalKneeConditionOutlineDiagramLabeled - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")PatellofemoralPainSyndromeAsAnatomicalKneeConditionOutlineDiagramLabeled Rough cartilage under the kneecap is called chondromalacia. Tracking issues occur when the kneecap moves off-center during motion, which can cause pain, popping, or a sense of instability. ### How Problems Are Treated The surgeon may smooth rough areas to reduce friction. Exercises often help strengthen the muscles that keep the kneecap aligned. In some cases, a procedure called a lateral release can cut tight tissues on the outside of the kneecap to improve its tracking. ### What Recovery Looks Like Healing after kneecap procedures typically ranges from 4 weeks to 4 months. You may wear a compression dressing if you have a lateral release, use crutches as directed, and do exercises to improve motion and build the muscles that hold the kneecap centered. Swimming is often a comfortable way to stay active during this period. --- ## After Surgery: What to Expect Before you go home, make sure you understand your plan. If anything is unclear, ask your care team so you feel confident about the next steps. ### Key Things to Know Before Discharge - How and when to take your medications - How to use crutches safely - How much weight you can put on your leg - Which exercises to do and how often - When your bandage or stitches will be removed - When you can shower or bathe - When it is safe to drive - When you can return to work - When to schedule follow-up appointments ### When to Call Your Surgeon **Contact your surgeon right away** if you notice any of the following: - Fever of 101°F (38.3°C) or higher - Pain that does not improve with rest and medication - Increased swelling despite elevation and icing - Redness, tenderness, or warmth at the incision - Pus or drainage from the incision - Severe nausea or vomiting - **Sudden chest pain or shortness of breath (Call 911)** ## At-Home Recovery Essentials Good home care supports a smoother recovery. Follow your provider's guidance and do not remove your bandage or shower until you are told it is safe. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/icing-knee.jpg "InjuredWomanHoldingIcePackBagForCoolingDown - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Elevation Raising your leg helps with pain and swelling. Prop your leg on a chair or large pillow so the **knee is above the level of your heart** whenever possible. ### Icing Cold reduces discomfort and swelling. Apply ice for **15 to 20 minutes at a time**, every 2 to 3 waking hours during the first few days, or as your provider suggests. Wrap an ice pack or a bag of frozen vegetables in a towel to protect your skin. ### Eating and Hydration Mild nausea can happen after anesthesia. Start with light foods like soup or toast and drink plenty of fluids. Return to your normal diet as your stomach settles. ### Pain Medication Take medications exactly as directed. To stay ahead of the pain, you may need to take it on a schedule for the first day or two. **Avoid alcohol** while using pain medication. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/ankle-pumps-942x1024.jpg "ankle-pumps - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Circulation Exercises Gentle movement helps prevent blood clots. Point and flex your ankles and wiggle your toes often throughout the day. This is often called 'ankle pumps'. ## Home Exercises for Your Knee Strength and flexibility support your recovery and help protect your joint. Perform these exercises as instructed by your surgeon or physical therapist. Unless told otherwise, work both legs to keep your muscles balanced. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-heal-slide-1-1024x869.png "poa-heal-slide - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Heel Slides Lie down or sit on a firm surface. Slowly slide the heel of your surgical leg toward your buttocks, bending the knee as far as comfortable. Hold for 5 seconds, then slowly straighten the knee and slide the heel back. Repeat as directed. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-quad-set-1024x869.png "poa-quad-set - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Quad Sets While lying or sitting with your leg straight, tighten the muscles on the front of your thigh (quadriceps) and press the back of your knee gently toward the surface. Hold for 5 seconds, relax, and repeat. This helps wake up and strengthen the quadriceps. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/straight-leg-raise-1024x869.png "straight-leg-raise - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Straight Leg Raises Lie on your back with your non-operative leg bent. Perform a quad set on your surgical leg to lock the knee straight, then slowly lift the entire leg 8 to 12 inches off the surface. Hold for 5 seconds, lower slowly, and repeat. Ensure your back does not arch. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-back-1024x869.png "poa-back - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Back Leg Raises Lie flat on your stomach. Lift your affected leg behind you 8 to 12 inches. Hold for 5 seconds and then slowly repeat ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-side-1-1024x869.png "poa-side - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Outside Leg raises Lie on your side and lift your affected leg 12 to 24 inches. Hold for 5 seconds and then slowly repeat ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-inside-1024x869.png "poa-inside - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Inside Leg raises Lie on your side with your healthy leg crossed over the affected one and bent at about 45 degrees. Raise your affected leg as high as you can, roughly 4–6 inches. ## Physical Therapy: What to Expect Your surgeon will likely prescribe physical therapy to decrease pain, restore range of motion, and build strength. Your therapist will tailor a plan to your goals and your specific knee condition. ### Working With Your Therapist Your therapist will help you set targets and progress them safely. Keep your appointments and follow the home program to get the best results. ### Common Therapy Approaches - **Manual therapy**, including gentle stretching or massage, can reduce stiffness and improve flexibility. - **Therapeutic exercises** using bodyweight, resistance bands, or weight machines to train specific muscle groups that support the knee. - **Balance and proprioception training** to improve your joint's stability. - **Aerobic activities** like stationary biking or aquatic therapy to strengthen the legs and support heart and lung health. ## Returning to Fitness Safely Flexible and strong muscles help protect your knee over time. Always check with your healthcare provider or physical therapist before starting or changing your exercise plan. ### Goal Setting You Can Use Clear goals keep you motivated and show your progress. Consider writing down targets like these and reviewing them with your provider: - In \_\_\_ days, I want to walk without crutches. - In \_\_\_ weeks, I want to increase my knee range of motion by 50 percent. - By \_\_\_ (month), I want to return to \_\_\_ (activity). - Other personal goals: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ## Quick Summary A knee injury does not have to limit what you love to do. With support from your surgeon and physical therapist, plus your steady effort at home, you can move forward with confidence. Many people are walking comfortably within days and getting back to most activities within weeks or months, based on their procedure and dedicated rehabilitation. - Understand what happens during knee arthroscopy - Set clear goals with your care team - Learn about common knee injuries and treatments - Know what to do after surgery and when to call for help - Follow simple home-care steps for comfort and safety - Start approved exercises and consider physical therapy - Ease back into fitness and everyday activities safely --- ### [Shoulder Health: Care, Rehab and Prevention](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-shoulder-health) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shot-of-an-unrecognizable-senior-man-holding-his-2025-04-06-09-45-31-utc-806x1024.jpg "Shot of an unrecognizable senior man holding his shoulder in pain indoors - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Understanding Shoulder Problems The shoulder is a wonderful and versatile joint that lets you throw a ball, scratch your back, or even bend down to pick up your child. When an injury occurs, however, it can cause pain and limit your movement; the good news is that most common shoulder issues are treatable, letting you get back to feeling like yourself again. Shoulder problems can affect anyone regardless of age, fitness level, or lifestyle. There isn't a single cause; some issues stem from overuse or injuries while others are due to everyday wear and tear, and sometimes even underuse can be problematic. Symptoms to watch for include pain, stiffness, and weakness. You might also experience discomfort in your neck or arms, especially when reaching or moving your arm in specific ways. It's important to remember that sometimes shoulder pain might originate from issues in another area of your body, a phenomenon known as referred pain. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/active-people-lifestyle-2025-09-08-13-00-59-utc-1024x922.jpg "father child son fun family man boy happy together happiness smiling cheerful togetherness day bonding parent love playing young joy - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### What Causes Shoulder Problems? Shoulder problems can affect anyone, young or old, active or not. There isn't just one reason they happen. Sometimes, shoulder pain comes from an injury or using the joint the wrong way. Other times, it's simply from everyday wear and tear. You might have pain from using your shoulder too much—or even from not using it enough. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2409295097-1024x683.jpg "RearViewOfAnHispanicYoungWomanPracticingAGood - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Symptoms of Shoulder Problems Shoulder problems can cause pain, stiffness, or weakness. You might also feel discomfort in your neck or down your arm. These symptoms often show up when you move your arm a certain way—like reaching overhead or behind your back. It's also important to know that shoulder pain doesn't always start in the shoulder. Sometimes, it's actually caused by another part of the body. This is known as **referred pain**. ### What You Can Do There are many ways to treat shoulder problems, and most don't require surgery. So don't let shoulder pain hold you back. The sooner you begin treatment, the sooner you can start moving your shoulder more comfortably and get back to doing what you love. ## Getting Evaluated for Shoulder Issues A thorough evaluation helps your healthcare provider determine what is behind your shoulder discomfort. This process typically includes a review of your medical history, a physical exam of the shoulder, and imaging tests to see inside the joint. ![dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 42 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_John_Turner-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-42-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 42 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Your Medical History During your appointment, you'll be asked about your overall health, any symptoms you're experiencing, and past shoulder injuries. Also discuss your work, sports activities, when the symptoms started, and if certain motions worsen the pain. Mention other health conditions like neck, heart, lung, or gallbladder problems, as these might contribute to your discomfort through referred pain. ### The Shoulder Exam Your provider will assess your shoulder, neck, and arm, checking to see if particular movements trigger any symptoms. The examination might be slightly uncomfortable but is essential for pinpointing the exact cause of your pain. Additional tests may be conducted to measure your shoulder's strength and flexibility. ### Imaging Tests Advanced imaging helps visualize the internal structures of your shoulder. These tests can also help rule out other conditions that might be causing your pain. You may undergo one or more of the following: - **X-rays** to detect fractures or dislocations - **Ultrasound** imaging which uses sound waves to view soft tissues like the rotator cuff - **CT scans** (computed tomography) for detailed images of the shoulder joint - **MRI** (magnetic resonance imaging) that employs strong magnets to produce images of soft tissues - **Arthrograms** that inject a special dye into the joint to clarify structures on x-rays or MRI ## Anatomy of a Healthy Shoulder A healthy shoulder is built on a solid design of bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. This flexible joint enables a full range of motion, letting your arm move in almost every direction. However, any damage or wear in these components can make movement painful and difficult. ### Bone Structure The shoulder's bones form two major joints. The primary joint, known as the glenohumeral joint, is where the upper arm bone (humerus) meets the shoulder blade (scapula) at a shallow socket called the glenoid. This configuration is similar to a golf ball resting on a tee, with smooth cartilage allowing easy movement. The other joint, called the acromioclavicular (AC) joint, is where the collarbone (clavicle) connects with the top of the shoulder blade (acromion). This joint, along with supportive ligaments, helps stabilize the shoulder. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_1730291083-1024x683.jpg "ShoulderAnatomyVectorIllustrationLabeledInnerSkeletonAndMuscleStructure - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Ligaments and Stability Ligaments are strong fibrous tissues that connect bones. In the shoulder, many ligaments form part of the joint capsule, a robust layer that secures the humerus within the glenoid socket and prevents dislocation. Additional ligaments help anchor the collarbone to the shoulder blade, maintaining joint stability. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/normal-shoulder-capsule-1-1024x797.jpg "normal-shoulder-capsule - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Understanding the Rotator Cuff and Bursa ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shoulder-MUSCLES-poa-1.png "shoulder-MUSCLES-poa-1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") The **rotator cuff** is a collection of muscles and tendons that play a key role in shoulder movement and stabilization. These muscles let you lift and rotate your arm, while the tendons attach them to the bone, forming a supportive cuff around the head of the humerus. Additionally, the **bursa** is a small, slippery sac located between the rotator cuff and the acromion. It acts as a cushion to reduce friction during movement, adjusting its size as your arm is raised or lowered. Muscles such as the deltoid and biceps further help power shoulder and arm movements. The deltoid lifts your arm overhead and gives your shoulder its rounded contour, while the biceps assist in bending the elbow. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2385439317-740x1024.jpg "shutterstock_2385439317 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## The Effects of Daily Wear and Tear Everyday activities can lead to inflammation and gradual deterioration in the shoulder tissues. When tissues become inflamed or begin to tear, you might experience pain and discomfort that can occur concurrently. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2163383415-1024x951.jpg "shutterstock_2163383415 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Bursitis, Tendinitis, & Impingement Doing the same shoulder movements over and over can irritate and inflame the tissues in your joint. This may cause **bursitis** (inflammation of the fluid-filled sac called the bursa) or **tendinitis** (inflammation of a tendon). When these tissues swell, they can get pinched under a bone in your shoulder called the acromion. This is known as **impingement**, which can make it painful to do things like reach overhead or grab something from a high shelf. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2510804311-1024x533.jpg "shutterstock_2510804311 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Rotator Cuff Tear Overuse or injury can irritate the tendons in your rotator cuff, causing soreness or weakness. This can lead to a **tear**, which might cause a clicking or grating sound. You may also have trouble lifting your arm. Tears can be partial or go all the way through the tendon. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-15-819x1024.png "Fracture-15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Calcified Tendinitis and Calcific Bursitis Inflammation or injury can cause calcium deposits in the shoulder. If they form in tendons, it's called **calcific tendinitis**. In the bursa, it's called **calcific bursitis**. These deposits may cause pain—or no symptoms at all. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2473784605-1024x682.jpg "shutterstock_2473784605 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Arthritis As we age, the smooth cartilage in the shoulder can wear down—a condition called **arthritis**. When this happens, bones may rub together, causing pain and swelling. Over time, **bone spurs** (extra bone growths) may also form. ## Managing Shoulder Wear and Tear A mix of self-care and professional treatment can help manage the effects of wear and tear on your shoulder. Some solutions can be implemented at home, while others require guidance from your healthcare provider. ### Active Rest It's important to avoid movements that increase pain, like heavy lifting or reaching overhead. Ask your provider which activities to limit, and while resting your shoulder, try not to stop using it completely; if it hurts, pause the action. ### Icing and Heat Therapy Applying ice can help reduce inflammation and pain—use an ice pack or frozen peas for 10 to 15 minutes, several times a day, always with a thin towel between the ice and your skin. Heat is useful for relaxing sore muscles and usually works best before exercising, though it should be avoided immediately after an injury. ### Medications and Injections Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin and ibuprofen can ease swelling and discomfort. In cases of severe pain, your provider might recommend steroid or anesthetic injections, which can take a few hours to days to become fully effective. ### Therapeutic Exercise Certain exercises prescribed by your healthcare provider can strengthen the muscles supporting your shoulder and gently stretch tight areas to increase range of motion. These can be combined with other treatments to reduce inflammation and promote healing. ## Shoulder Dislocation: Overview and Treatment A shoulder dislocation happens when the head of the humerus is forced out of its socket, whether completely or partially (known as **subluxation**). This injury can occur if the arm is abruptly pulled or if you fall on an outstretched arm. **Dislocations** cause intense pain and significant limitations in movement, along with swelling, bruising, and numbness. Immediate treatment by a healthcare provider is essential, and medications are often used to ease pain during the process of putting the bone back in place (**reduced**). ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2347867823-1024x563.jpg "shutterstock_2347867823 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") After reduction, you may need to wear a sling or shoulder immobilizer, take medications to manage pain and swelling, and later follow a program of exercises or physical therapy. Especially for younger individuals, surgery might be recommended to minimize the risk of future dislocations. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2150083369.jpg "shutterstock_2150083369 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Sprains and Separations Injuries from heavy lifting or falls can injure the acromioclavicular (AC) joint. A sprain happens when the ligaments in the joint stretch or partially tear, leading to pain, while a separation is a more severe tear where the joint essentially comes apart. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shoulder-torn-rotator-cuff-poa-1.png "shoulder-torn-rotator-cuff-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_242426104.jpg "shutterstock_242426104 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") With a sprain, the ligaments elongate and may experience minor tears, while a complete tear results in the bones moving apart, often evident by a bump under the skin. These injuries can cause marked pain, swelling, and bruising, and though many heal with rest and ice packs, severe separations might need a sling or even surgery. ## Fractures in the Shoulder Fractures occur when a fall or direct impact breaks a bone in the shoulder. The two most common types are fractures of the collarbone (clavicle) and the upper arm bone (humerus). ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2162918865-1024x796.jpg "shutterstock_2162918865 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Clavicle (Collarbone) Fractures A broken **collarbone** is the most frequent shoulder fracture, often occurring near the center of the bone due to a direct impact or fall on an outstretched arm. This injury can lead to moderate to severe pain, bruising, and sometimes a visible bump. Treatment typically involves rest, pain management with medications, and the use of a sling or strap for comfort over a period of 4 to 8 weeks, followed by exercises to restore strength and motion. Some residual bump may remain even after healing. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-16-819x1024.png "Fracture-16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Humerus (Arm Bone) Fractures A fracture of the **humerus** generally happens from a fall or impact and is commonly located in the upper section of the bone. This type of break causes significant pain, swelling, and bruising which can extend down to the hand. Your treatment may involve immobilizing the arm with a sling, managing pain with medications, and possibly surgery in more serious cases. Rehabilitation exercises are key to regaining motion, although the arm might not regain its full strength or straight alignment immediately. ## Frozen Shoulder: Causes and Treatments ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2117389049-1-1024x796.jpg "shutterstock_2117389049 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")When shoulder movement becomes painful, you might instinctively avoid using the joint. This lack of motion can cause the shoulder capsule to thicken or develop **adhesions** (bands of scar tissue), ultimately leading to a condition known as frozen shoulder, or **adhesive capsulitis**. The development of **frozen shoulder** is gradual and may sometimes be linked to injuries or simply from underuse. As the capsule develops adhesions and tightens, the humerus finds it harder to move within the joint, resulting in a limited range of motion. Treatment options include stretching exercises, anti-inflammatory medications, cortisone injections, manual physical therapy, and in severe cases, arthroscopic surgery to release the tightened tissues. ![new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 24 v2](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/New-Jersey-Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapists-24_v2-1024x683.jpg "new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 24 v2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Rebuilding Shoulder Strength: Rehabilitation Rehabilitation plays a critical role in restoring your shoulder's strength and mobility. Working closely with a physical therapist (PT) or other healthcare provider, a tailored rehab program helps speed up your recovery, though it does take time and consistent effort. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2230768637.jpg "shutterstock_2230768637 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") PTs use several techniques to help reduce pain and rebuild function. Some common therapies include: - **Ultrasound Therapy**: Uses sound waves to gently heat deep tissues, which relaxes muscles and eases scar tissue. - **Heat and Ice**: Alternating between ice packs to reduce swelling and heat to relax muscles before and after exercise. - **Tissue Mobilization**: Involves massage-like techniques to help release tight tissues and restore movement. - **Electrical Stimulation**: Applies a low electrical current via small pads to improve blood flow, reduce swelling, and ease pain. - **Stretching**: Assists in regaining the shoulder's full range of motion through carefully guided stretching exercises. ## Rehab Exercises Rehab exercises can help restore shoulder function by improving flexibility and building strength. They may also reduce pain and help prevent future problems. Talk to your healthcare provider about your recovery goals so they can create a program that works for you. ![new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 28](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/New-Jersey-Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapists-28-1024x683.jpg "new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Improving Flexibility:** Some exercises focus on stretching the shoulder to improve range of motion. Your movement will be measured to track progress and guide your treatment. These exercises help restore movement and prevent stiffness, like frozen shoulder. **Building Strength:** Other exercises target shoulder muscles to improve joint stability, balance, and coordination. Strengthening can also lower your risk of getting hurt again. #### A Note About Exercising Follow your healthcare provider's instructions closely. Use slow, steady movements and breathe normally. Stop if you feel sharp or new pain. If you're returning to work or sports, you may be given special exercises to help get you ready. ## Home-Based Shoulder Exercises In addition to professional physical therapy, simple exercises at home can help restore shoulder mobility and strength. Always ensure that these activities are safe for your specific condition by checking with your provider first, and if any exercise increases your pain, reassess your approach with help from your PT. ### Pendulum Exercise 1. Lean over and support your good arm on a table or chair. Let your injured arm hang down freely. 2. Gently swing the relaxed arm back and forth, then side to side, and finally in small circles before reversing direction. *Note**:** Do this 3 or more times for 5 or more minutes per day. Change directions about once per minute.* ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-13-2025-at-11_24_46-AM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 13 2025 at 11_24_46 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Broom Stretches 1. Hold a broom or cane so that your injured shoulder's hand is placed over its end. With your good hand, grasp the lower part of the stick. 2. Using your good arm, press the broom upward until your injured arm is raised as high as comfortably possible. Hold for ten seconds. 3. Return to the starting position and repeat three times. *Note: Avoid forcing the stretch; stop if you experience any pain.* ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-13-2025-at-11_52_53-AM.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 13 2025 at 11_52_53 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Shoulder Shrugs 1. Sit upright in a chair with your back straight and arms relaxed at your sides. 2. Slowly shrug your shoulders, lifting them toward your ears and holding for three seconds before releasing back to the starting position. 3. Perform ten repetitions, three times each day. *Note: Consult your provider about using light hand weights if appropriate.* ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_1499605709-1024x683.jpg "shutterstock_1499605709 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Wall Walk 1. Stand about two feet from a wall with your injured shoulder facing it. 2. Raise your arm to shoulder height and slowly 'walk' your fingers up the wall, going as high as comfortable, then walk them back down. 3. Hold each position for about ten seconds and repeat three times. *Note: Confirm with your PT if this stretch is safe for your shoulder.* ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-13-2025-at-11_58_45-AM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 13 2025 at 11_58_45 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Towel Stretch 1. Stand straight and place the back of the hand of the injured shoulder flat against your lower back. 2. Throw a towel over your shoulder and grab the end behind your back. 3. With your front arm, gently pull down on the towel, letting the back arm slide up as high as comfortable. Repeat three times. *Note: Ask your PT if this stretch is safe for your shoulder.* ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Fracture-13-819x1024.png "Fracture-13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Isometric Exercises 1. Stand in front of an open door and bend your injured arm so that your elbow is at a 90-degree angle, with your palm resting against the doorframe. Press firmly for five seconds. 2. Then, turn to the opposite side of the doorway and press the back of your hand against the frame, holding for five seconds. 3. Repeat these steps three times each. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-20-2025-at-10_35_48-AM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 20 2025 at 10_35_48 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Preventing Future Shoulder Problems Once you're feeling more comfortable, maintaining your shoulder's strength and flexibility will help ward off future issues. Keeping up with regular exercises and avoiding activities that trigger pain are key to long-term shoulder health. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2448685747.jpg "shutterstock_2448685747 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Healthy Shoulder Tips - Engage in regular exercise that moves your shoulder through its full range of motion. Always start with a proper warm-up. - Steer clear of activities that overly strain your shoulder, like heavy lifting or repeated pulling motions. - Arrange your work environment so it fits your body. This minimizes slumping or relying too heavily on your arms. - When carrying items, hold them close to your body with bent elbows, and don't hesitate to ask for help with heavy objects. - Listen to your body: pain is a warning sign. Cease any activity that causes discomfort and contact your provider if pain lingers. Your shoulder is a complex, dynamic joint capable of remarkable movement and strength. Whether you're dealing with an injury, wear and tear, or the effects of dislocation, proper evaluation and treatment can lead you back to full function. Following targeted rehabilitation and home exercise routines can help ensure that your shoulder remains healthy for years to come. If you have any questions, please contact Princeton Orthopaedic Associates. This information is provided for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. --- ### [Tennis Elbow: Symptoms, Causes, and Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-tennis-elbow) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** # Tennis Elbow Explained: Your Guide to Recovery and Prevention ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2526944727.jpg "YoungManTennisPlayerShowingEnduranceAndStrengthDuringIntensive - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Your Quick Guide to Getting Started - **Identify the signs:** Notice pain on the outer elbow, especially with gripping or lifting objects. - **Rest and protect:** Rest the affected tendon and reduce or modify activities that cause pain. - **Manage symptoms:** Try splints, ice or heat, and anti-inflammatory medicine as advised by your healthcare provider. - **Rebuild strength:** Begin with gentle stretching and then gradually build strength with professional guidance. - **Explore other options:** Ask your clinician about injections if your symptoms do not improve. - **Consider surgery:** Discuss surgery only as a final option when other treatments have failed to provide relief. - **Prevent recurrence:** Focus on long-term prevention by changing your grip, form, and daily habits. ## What Is Tennis Elbow? Tennis elbow, known medically as lateral epicondylitis, is an irritation of the tendon that anchors your forearm muscles to the bony bump on the outside of your elbow (the lateral epicondyle). The condition develops when this tendon becomes stressed, damaged, or inflamed from overuse. Although it is often linked to racket sports, the majority of people who develop this problem have never played tennis. Repetitive gripping, wrist movements, or forearm rotation are the most common triggers. ## Common Causes While racket sports can trigger symptoms, everyday activities are more frequently the culprits. Repeatedly extending the wrist or rotating the forearm can strain the tendon over time, leading to microscopic tears and pain. Common examples include: - Using a screwdriver or similar hand tools - Lifting heavy items with your palm facing down - Engaging in frequent gripping, turning, or pulling tasks at work or home As we age, tendon tissue can lose some of its elasticity and become irritated more easily, which can increase the risk of a flare-up. ## Signs and Symptoms The hallmark symptom of tennis elbow is a persistent pain on the outside of the elbow that may radiate down the forearm. For some, the discomfort is constant, while others only notice it when lifting, gripping, or swinging the arm. It may hurt to perform simple actions like grasping a coffee cup, shaking hands, or turning a doorknob. The affected area can also swell, appear red, or feel warm to the touch. ## How the Elbow Works The muscles responsible for extending your fingers and rotating your lower arm and wrist are known as the extensor muscles. These muscles originate on the outside of the elbow and run down to the wrist and fingers. A strong, cord-like tendon connects these extensor muscles to the bone at the lateral epicondyle. Overuse or a sudden injury can irritate this tendon, leading to the pain and reduced function characteristic of tennis elbow. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2552058425-1024x728.jpg "MuscleAnatomyOfLateralEpicondylitisOrCalledGolfer’sTennisElbow - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## How Tennis Elbow Is Diagnosed A clinician can typically diagnose tennis elbow based on your symptoms and a physical examination. They will gently press on the affected area to check for tenderness and ask you to perform wrist and forearm movements that may reproduce the pain. An X-ray might be ordered to rule out other conditions like a fracture or arthritis. In some cases, additional imaging tests such as an MRI or ultrasound may be considered to get a clearer picture of the tendon. ## Treatment Options for Tennis Elbow Your care plan will be tailored to the severity of your tendon irritation. The primary goals are to reduce pain, restore function, and help you return to your activities comfortably. ### Rest and Medication Resting the tendon is the first critical step, giving the tissues time to calm down. An elbow or wrist splint can help by limiting painful motion and reducing strain during daily tasks. You can also take pressure off the tendon by using your other hand or changing your grip on objects. Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication, along with ice or heat, may help relieve pain and swelling as advised by your clinician. ### Exercise and Physical Therapy A rehabilitation program is key to long-term recovery. This usually begins with gentle stretching, followed by progressive strengthening of the muscles around the elbow and forearm. This approach helps support the tendon and improves its tolerance to activity. Your clinician may provide a home program or refer you to a physical therapist who can guide you on proper form, pacing, and safe progressions to reduce the chance of a setback. ### Injections If symptoms persist despite other treatments, an injection of an anti-inflammatory medicine, such as cortisone, may be discussed. While some people feel increased soreness for a day or two after the injection, many notice significantly reduced pain and improved function within a few days. Your clinician will help you decide if this is an appropriate option for your situation. ### When Surgery Is Considered Surgery is rarely the first step and is reserved for cases where symptoms last for an extended period (typically 6-12 months) and do not respond to conservative treatments. The goal of surgery is to remove the damaged part of the tendon and help you return to your usual activities. Your care team will review the risks, benefits, and recovery expectations with you in detail. ## How to Prevent Flare-Ups Making small changes to your technique and daily routine can significantly reduce stress on the tendon and lower the chance of the problem returning. Try integrating the tips below into your daily life. - Grip objects with your palm facing up whenever possible. - Lift heavy items with two hands to distribute the load. - Vary your tasks throughout the day to avoid repetitive strain on one muscle group. - Always warm up before an activity, cool down afterward, and include regular stretching in your routine. - Focus on using correct body mechanics during work, chores, and sports. - If you play racket sports or golf, be sure to condition your forearm and shoulder muscles properly. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2619338919.jpg "Close-upOfHandsUsingAManualScrewdriverToInstallA - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") > **Tip:** Changing how you grip tools or sports equipment can help prevent a tennis elbow flare-up. Using larger grips, keeping motions smooth, and maintaining an aligned posture can make a big difference. ## Moving Forward Living with tennis elbow can be frustrating, but most people find significant relief with a consistent and guided care plan. Start with rest and simple home strategies, build your strength back gradually, and don't hesitate to ask for help if the pain lingers. With the right approach, you can ease your symptoms, protect your elbow from future injury, and get back to the activities you enjoy. --- ### [Managing Ganglion Cysts: Options and Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-managing-ganglion-cysts) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ## Understanding and Managing Ganglion Cysts ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2471730787-1024x820.jpg "IllustrationOfGanglionCystsOnWristAndHand - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") If you've noticed a new lump on your wrist or hand, you might be encountering a ganglion cyst. These common, non-cancerous lumps often appear near joints or tendons and, while frequently harmless, can sometimes cause discomfort or interfere with daily activities. Many people experience them at some point in their lives, yet these cysts rarely lead to serious problems or stop you from enjoying activities like sports or playing musical instruments. While some cysts disappear on their own, understanding the various management and treatment options available can help you decide on the best approach for your health. This guide will walk you through what ganglion cysts are, what causes them, how they're diagnosed, and the range of care choices available. ## What Exactly is a Ganglion Cyst? A ganglion cyst is a firm, fluid-filled bump that typically appears on your hand or wrist. These cysts develop from normal tissue within the joints and ligaments of your wrist and fingers, and can vary in size from as small as a pea to as large as a peach pit. They are harmless, non-cancerous, and may disappear spontaneously without any intervention. ### Common Locations for Ganglion Cysts Ganglion cysts tend to appear in several common areas: - The back of the wrist - The palm side of the wrist - The base of a finger ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_1590601690-1024x438.jpg "GanglionCystSmallSacOfFluidDiseaseHandWristTrauma - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Understanding where these cysts typically occur can help you recognize them early and discuss appropriate treatments with your healthcare provider. ## Understanding the Causes of Ganglion Cysts The exact cause of ganglion cysts remains unclear, though they can affect anyone. Interestingly, women tend to experience these cysts more frequently than men. While the origin isn't fully understood, repetitive motion or joint stress can sometimes be associated with their development. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2485693605.jpg "GanglionCystOrHygromaOfTheWristOnTheHand - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### How Ganglion Cysts Form Your wrist and hand are composed of several small bones joined together by interconnected tissues. Tendons, which connect muscles to these bones, glide over joints lined with a smooth, protective layer called synovium. Occasionally, the synovium may bulge out, creating a fluid-filled sac that forms a cyst. As fluid continues to accumulate, the bump grows and becomes noticeable. ## Recognizing the Symptoms ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2093509453.jpg "AchingWristPainAsSymptomOfTendonitisOrArthritisAdult - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")A ganglion cyst might not always cause discomfort, but it can become painful if your hand or wrist is overused. Activities that require a strong grip can potentially increase the size of the cyst or aggravate pain. In some cases, certain movements might also become challenging if the cyst interferes with joint mechanics. ## Diagnosing a Ganglion Cyst Typically, a doctor can identify a ganglion cyst through a clinical exam. They might shine a light on the lump to check for translucence, which indicates that it is filled with fluid rather than solid. In some instances, extracting a small sample of fluid or obtaining an x-ray may be necessary to rule out other conditions or identify underlying issues. ## Treatment Options for Ganglion Cysts ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2222381693.jpg "MiddleAgeGrey-hairedManPlayingClassicalGuitarSittingOnFloor - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")If your ganglion cyst isn't causing trouble, your doctor might advise you to simply observe it for a while. In many cases, cysts disappear on their own, so waiting and watching can be a wise initial approach. However, if the cyst becomes unsightly, painful, or interferes with hand movement, discussing treatment options with your doctor is important. Feel free to ask questions to fully understand the steps ahead. ### Non-Surgical Options Often, non-surgical treatments are the first line of defense. Your doctor may recommend wearing a splint or brace to reduce movements that could trigger more pain or cause the cyst to enlarge. In some cases, your doctor could perform a needle aspiration to drain the cyst, or inject a cortisone-based anti-inflammatory to ease discomfort. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_1595804119-1024x472.jpg "GanglionCystSmallSacOfFluidDiseaseHandWristTrauma - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Surgical Removal Surgery is a viable option if other methods aren't providing relief or if recurrent cysts trouble you. This procedure involves removing the cyst along with some neighboring tissue to help prevent future formations. Typically performed under local or regional anesthesia, the surgery is relatively quick and allows you to return home within a few hours. Post-surgery, wearing a splint for a few days may help protect the area and support the healing process. --- ### [Taking Care of Your Back: A Guide to Relief and Prevention](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-back-care) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-back-1.jpg "DoctorWithHumanSpineAnatomyModelSpinalCordDisorderAnd - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Quick-Start Checklist - Learn how your spine is built and why alignment matters. - Notice posture habits that strain your back and adjust them. - Use safe body mechanics for sleeping, sitting, lifting, and turning. - Practice a short set of back-friendly exercises each day. - Warm up, change positions often, and make walking a routine. - Work with your care team and know when to call for help. ## Your Back Is Made to Move Your spine is designed for motion. The way you move can either protect your back or set you up for problems. Small daily choices add up over time. Back pain can arrive as a sharp injury, a nagging twinge, or a steady ache. It can limit work, play, and sleep. With the right self-care, you can ease symptoms now and help prevent future flare-ups. ## Care Is a Team Effort ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-back-exam.jpg "ScoliosisSpineCurveAnatomyPostureCorrectionChiropracticTreatmentBackPain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Once a provider identifies the cause of your pain, you will get a plan that fits your needs. Your plan may include visits with a physical therapist. Physical therapists teach safe movement, targeted exercises, and self-care strategies you can use at home. Even when surgery is part of care, self-care remains essential. Good habits speed recovery and help you protect your back for the long run. ## Why Self-Care Helps Many back issues improve with time, activity changes, and simple exercises. Learning how your spine works, using sound body mechanics, and practicing daily movement can reduce pain and support healing. ## Spine Basics You Should Know Strong muscles and healthy disks help your spine support your body while still moving freely. When these parts work together, you feel steadier and more comfortable. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-spine-2-513x1024.png "poa-spine-2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### The Three Natural Curves Your spine is made of bones called vertebrae and soft pads called disks. Together they form three gentle curves: **cervical** in your neck, **thoracic** in your mid-back, and **lumbar** in your lower back. When these curves are in good alignment, your weight is shared evenly, and your back is better protected. ### Muscles That Support Alignment Strong, flexible back and abdominal muscles hold the vertebrae and disks in position. Hip and leg strength also matter. When those muscles are balanced, they take pressure off your lower back and make daily movements easier. ### The Hard-Working Lumbar Curve Your lower back handles the most load during lifting, bending, and standing. Keeping this curve aligned helps prevent stress on vertebrae, disks, and nearby joints. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-lumbar-1024x869.png "poa-lumbar - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-disk-1024x869.png "poa-disk - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Disks Cushion Movement Disks sit between vertebrae and act like shock absorbers. Each disk has a soft center called the **nucleus** and a tougher outer ring called the **annulus**. The nucleus allows tiny rocking motions between bones, which smooths movement and spreads out forces. The **foramen** is the opening between vertebrae where nerves exit the spine to reach your body. **Facet joints** are small joints between vertebrae that guide motion. ### Disks Change During the Day At night, the nucleus absorbs fluid, which increases pressure inside the disk. During your day, movement pushes fluid in and out of the disk. This fluid exchange keeps disks nourished and flexible. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA-DISK-DAY.png "POA-DISK-DAY - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## How Back Problems Begin How discs wear out With normal aging, spinal discs gradually **lose water content** and elasticity. As a disc **degenerates and dries**, it may lose height, bringing the vertebrae closer together and creating more friction and irritation around the joints. The body may react by forming **bony spurs (osteophytes)**. These changes can **narrow the foramen**—a condition called **stenosis**—and **irritate nearby nerves**, leading to pain, tingling, or weakness. Subpar movement habits can **accelerate** this process. Prolonged sitting, weak core support, repetitive lifting with a rounded back, and habitual slouching all increase mechanical stress on the discs and joints—speeding wear and tear that would otherwise occur more slowly. - **Health history:** You will review your symptoms, when they occur, and any other medical issues. - **Exam:** Your provider will assess posture, spine motion, muscle strength, reflexes, and sensation in your legs. - **Tests:** X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans may be used to look for causes of pain and to guide treatment. ## Common Back Problems ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-back-bone-spurs-1.png "poa-back-bone-spurs-1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_1442444096-809x1024.jpg "shutterstock_1442444096 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Thinning Disc Reduced disc height brings vertebrae closer together, raising pressure on facets and foramina and contributing to aching with prolonged standing. ### Bulging Disc Outer wall stretches outward like a tire bulge, narrowing space around nerves and increasing strain during sitting, bending, or lifting. ### Herniated Disc Inner gel pushes through a tear in the outer ring, potentially compressing a nerve and causing sharp, radiating pain, numbness, or weakness. ### Degenerative Disc Disc loses water and height over time, increasing load on joints and ligaments and making stiffness or flare-ups more likely. ## The Key to Safer Movement Your spine carries your body weight whether you are sleeping, sitting, standing, or bending. Some positions load the spine more than others. Posture choices can lower that load. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/chart-poa-1.png "chart-poa-1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Check Your Posture Limit the time you spend in high-pressure positions. The more you keep your curves aligned, the happier your back will feel. - Take a deep breath and relax your shoulders, hips, and knees. - Imagine dots at your ears, shoulders, hips, and ankles, then line them up. - Gently tuck your buttocks and tighten your stomach muscles if needed. ## Learn Safe Body Mechanics The way you sleep, sit, lift, and turn affects how your back feels. Use these tips to spread forces evenly and lower your risk of injury. ### Lying Down - **Back sleeping:** Place a pillow under your knees for comfort. - **Side sleeping:** Bend your knees and put a pillow between them. - **Stomach sleeping:** Slide a pillow under your lower abdomen. ### Standing - Keep a soft bend in your knees to offload your lower back. - Wear supportive shoes to help your spine stay aligned. - If standing for a while, rest one foot on a low stool and switch sides regularly. ### Sitting - Choose chairs that support your low back, and keep your ears over your hips. - Place a small towel roll or lumbar roll at the lower back curve if needed. - Keep knees level with hips and feet flat on the floor or on a footrest. ### Lifting Below the Waist - Bend at your hips and knees instead of your waist, and keep hips lined up with shoulders. - Brace your abdominal muscles and hold the object close to your body. - Lift with your legs, and raise your body and the load together. ### Reaching and Lifting - Store frequently used items between shoulder and hip height. - Get close to the item, and use a step stool or a reaching tool when needed. - Tighten your abdominal muscles, then use your arms and legs to lift rather than your back. ### Turning - Keep your upper body moving as one unit from shoulders to hips. - Turn with your feet—point them where you want to go, then step around. - Maintain your three natural curves as you turn. ## Exercises for a Healthier Back Your provider or physical therapist may personalize these moves for you. Aim to practice at least once a day as instructed. Stop and tell your care team if you have new or ongoing pain. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-chin-tuck-2.png "poa-chin-tuck-2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Chin Tuck Sit or stand tall with your chin level. Glide your head straight back, as if making a double chin, and try to line your ear with your shoulder. Repeat the number of times recommended. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/pelvic-tilt.png "pelvic-tilt - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Pelvic Tilt Lie on your back with knees bent. Tighten your abdominal and buttock muscles, then tip your hips toward your nose until your low back flattens to the floor. Relax and repeat as directed. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/hamstring-streetch-poa.png "hamstring-streetch-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Hamstring Stretch Lie on your back and loop a towel or your hands around your thigh just below the knee. Brace your abdominal muscles, draw your thigh toward your chest, then gently straighten the knee until you feel a stretch. Relax and repeat as prescribed. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-partial-situp.png "poa-partial-situp - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Partial Sit-Up Lie on your back with knees bent and feet flat, arms folded across your chest. Tighten your stomach muscles, then slowly lift your head and shoulders while keeping your ears lined up with your shoulders. Pause when your shoulder blades lift off the floor, then lower and repeat. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-hip-stretch-1.png "poa-hip-stretch-1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Hip Stretch Kneel with one foot forward and brace your abdominal muscles. Shift your weight forward until you feel a gentle stretch at the front of the hip and groin. Relax and repeat for both sides. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/wall-squat-poa.png "wall-squat-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Wall Squat Stand with your back against a wall, feet hip-width apart and about 12 to 18 inches from the wall. Slide down to about halfway to sitting, keeping your hips above knee level. Hold for the time advised, then slide back up. Repeat for the set recommended. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/press-up.png "press-up - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Press-Up Lie on your stomach with forearms on the floor at shoulder width. Press your upper body off the floor while keeping your hips down, then lower slowly. Repeat as recommended. *Note: Do press-ups only if your provider or physical therapist says they are right for you.* ## Think About Your Back All Day Small choices throughout the day protect your spine. Warm up before activity, change positions often, and build habits that support recovery. ### Warm Up for the Day Do a few slow, cat-like stretches in the morning. Gentle movement can reduce pressure on your disks, loosen muscles, and lower your risk of injury. ### Shift Positions Often Change your position at work and at home to avoid stiffness. Stand up regularly or lean back while seated. Set a reminder to get up and move for a couple of minutes every 30 minutes. ### Form Healthy Habits - Maintain a healthy weight to reduce strain on your back. - Use cold during the first 24 to 48 hours for new pain, then try heat if it feels better. Always place a cloth between your skin and the cold or heat source. - Over-the-counter topical creams may help with minor aches; use as directed. - Take medicines only as instructed on the label or by your provider, and ask questions if anything is unclear. ## Walk Your Way to Back Fitness Walking is simple, low-impact, and good for your spine. Supportive shoes make it even better by absorbing shock when your foot hits the ground. ### Make Walking a Daily Habit A regular walk helps keep back and leg muscles flexible and strong. Aim for 20 to 30 minutes most days. If that feels like too much, start with 5 minutes and add time gradually. ### Find More Chances to Move - Choose stairs for at least one floor when you can. - Walk to talk with a coworker instead of calling or emailing. - Park farther from the entrance at the store or mall. - If you ride the bus, get off one or two stops early and walk the rest of the way. ### Wear Shoes That Support You - Pick walking or running shoes that cushion impact. - Choose soft, seamless socks to protect your toes. - Look for a secure heel that does not slip. - Make sure the arch support matches the size and shape of your foot. ## Move Wisely, Move Well ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-woman-old-moving-back-sheet.jpg "GlassesOldManAndOldWomanSmilingWhileStandingAnd - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Your healthcare team can teach you safe ways to move and care for your back. From there, your daily habits keep the progress going. Practice good posture, choose back-friendly positions, and stay active. Whether you are carrying groceries, working at a desk, or walking around the block, the basics of safe movement help you feel better and keep you on the go. ## Quick Summary - Learn how your spine is built and why alignment matters. - Notice posture habits that strain your back and adjust them. - Use safe body mechanics for sleeping, sitting, lifting, and turning. - Practice a short set of back-friendly exercises each day. - Warm up, change positions often, and make walking a routine. - Work with your care team and know when to call for help. --- ### [Shoulder Instability Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-shoulder-instability-care) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ## Understanding and Treating Shoulder Instability ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/electrician-drilling-wooden-frame-on-building-cons-2025-10-16-23-58-50-utc-1024x683.jpg "electrician-drilling-wooden-frame-on-building-cons-2025-10-16-23-58-50-utc - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") The shoulder moves more than any other joint in your body, which makes it incredibly versatile but also vulnerable to injury. When the joint is pushed beyond its normal limits, it can become unstable, leading to pain and a lack of confidence in your arm. With the right diagnosis and a consistent treatment plan, most people can regain strength, stability, and full function. ### Key Steps in Your Recovery - Recognize common symptoms and triggers of instability. - Get a thorough evaluation and imaging from an orthopaedic specialist. - Start physical therapy to reduce pain and build stabilizing strength. - Consider surgery if instability persists and limits your activities. - Prepare for surgery by understanding the procedure and its risks. - Follow a guided rehabilitation plan and home care instructions closely. - Work with your care team to track progress and achieve your goals. ## How a Healthy Shoulder Works A stable shoulder perfectly balances freedom of motion with precise control. Bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons all work together, allowing you to reach, swing, and lift comfortably. Tendons connect muscles to bone, enabling movement, while ligaments connect bone to bone, providing support. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2515824809-780x1024.jpg "AnatomyOfShoulderPosteriorViewInLineStyle - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Bones and Cartilage The shoulder is a shallow ball-and-socket joint. The ball is the **humeral head** (the top of the upper arm bone), and the socket is the **glenoid** (part of the shoulder blade). A rim of tough, flexible cartilage called the **labrum** surrounds the glenoid, deepening the socket for a better fit. Smooth cartilage covers the ball to reduce friction. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-30-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-30 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### The Capsule and Other Stabilizers The joint capsule is a sleeve of ligaments that encloses the joint, connecting the humeral head to the glenoid. It is a **static stabilizer**, meaning it helps keep the ball centered in the socket at rest and during movement. The biceps tendon also attaches to the top of the glenoid and labrum, assisting with stability. ### The Rotator Cuff The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and their tendons that span from the shoulder blade to the humeral head. These tissues guide motion and keep the ball aligned in the socket. Because they actively control movement, they are known as **dynamic stabilizers**. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2490032153-1024x614.jpg "RotatorCuffMuscleAnatomyDiagramMedicalInfographicWithBonesAnd - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Signs and Causes of Shoulder Instability Symptoms of instability often appear in specific arm positions, like reaching overhead or behind your back. You may notice: - A sense that the shoulder could slip or pop out of place, often called **apprehension**. - Pain, especially with overhead activity. - Catching, locking, popping, or grinding inside the joint. - Weakness or a loss of confidence in using your arm. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/young-indian-man-doing-sports-and-morning-jogging-2025-03-26-09-47-36-utc-1024x683.jpg "Young Indian man doing sports and morning jogging in the park injured holding his shoulder suffering from pain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### What Makes a Shoulder Unstable? Instability frequently follows an injury that forces the ball out of the socket. A full slip is a **dislocation**, while a partial slip is a **subluxation**. Both can damage the labrum and stretch or tear the joint capsule. - **Injury or Dislocation:** A forceful twist, a fall onto an outstretched arm, a direct blow to the shoulder, or a heavy lift can cause an acute injury. - **Laxity (Looseness):** Some people are born with looser connective tissues. Others develop laxity from repeated overhead motions common in sports like throwing, swimming, or volleyball. ### Common Structural Injuries - **Torn Labrum:** When the ball is pushed out of position, the labrum can tear away from the glenoid. A tear in the lower front part of the labrum is called a **Bankart tear**. A tear at the upper labrum where the biceps tendon attaches is a **SLAP tear**. - **Stretched or Torn Capsule:** A forceful injury or repetitive motion can stretch or tear the capsule. Once loose, the capsule may no longer be able to hold the joint securely, making the shoulder feel unstable during activity. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2151906279-1024x680.jpg "BankartLesionSlapTearBonyHillSachsTornBonePeriosteal - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Getting a Diagnosis Your provider will gather a full picture of your symptoms to determine the cause of your instability. This includes a medical history, a focused shoulder exam, and imaging tests. - **Medical History:** Be ready to share details about your symptoms, prior injuries, and the physical demands of your work and sports. - **Shoulder Exam:** Your provider will move your arm in different directions to find positions that trigger instability. This helps pinpoint the source of the problem. - **Imaging Tests:** X-rays are used to view bones, while an **MRI** or **MR arthrogram** (with contrast dye) provides a detailed look at soft tissues like the labrum and capsule. A CT scan may be used for a more detailed assessment of the bone structure. ![dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 28 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_John_Turner-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-28-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 28 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Building Your Treatment Plan Treatment aims to reduce pain and improve stability so you can use your arm safely. Plans often start with physical therapy and may include surgery if instability continues. ![new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 23 v2](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/New-Jersey-Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapists-23_v2-1024x683.jpg "new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 23 v2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Physical Therapy Therapy focuses on strengthening the rotator cuff and the muscles around the shoulder blade. The goal is to improve dynamic stability and control, allowing your shoulder to move without slipping. Sticking with your program is key to achieving the best results. ### Surgery If therapy doesn't fully restore stability, or if you plan to return to high-demand activities, your surgeon may recommend surgery to repair the damaged tissues. The procedure often involves tightening the joint to prevent future slipping. Your team will discuss the potential for a slight loss of flexibility as a tradeoff for improved stability. ## What to Expect with Surgery If surgery is your best option, it will be performed at a hospital or surgical center. Your surgeon will choose the best approach for your specific injury. - **Arthroscopy:** Uses small incisions and a tiny camera to view and repair the joint with specialized instruments. - **Open Surgery:** Uses one larger incision to see and repair structures directly. ### Common Surgical Repairs - **Bankart Repair:** Small anchors are placed in the glenoid bone to secure sutures that reattach the torn lower labrum to the socket rim. - **SLAP Repair:** Sutures from anchors are used to secure the upper labrum back to the glenoid. In some cases, the biceps tendon is reattached elsewhere to improve stability and reduce pain. - **Capsular Tightening (Capsulorrhaphy):** If the capsule is too loose, your surgeon will use sutures to fold and tighten the excess tissue, reducing looseness and improving control. ## Repairing a SLAP Tear ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/slap-repair-1-poa.png "slap-repair-1---poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Repairing a Bankart Tear ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/bankart-tear-1-poa.png "bankart-tear-1-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/slap-repair-2-poa.png "slap-repair-2---poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/bankart-tear-2-poa.png "bankart-tear-2-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Open Repair ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/OPEN-REPAIR-1.png "OPEN-REPAIR-1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/OPEN-REPAIR-2.png "OPEN-REPAIR-2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/OPEN-REPAIR-3.png "OPEN-REPAIR-3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Arthroscopic Repair ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/arthro-repair-1.png "arthro-repair-1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Possible Risks and Complications All surgeries carry some risk. Your team will work to minimize them, but potential issues include infection, anesthesia-related risks, injury to blood vessels or nerves, stiffness, and recurrence of instability. ## Your Recovery After Surgery Following your post-operative instructions is critical for protecting the repair and ensuring proper healing. ### At Home Care - Keep your incision clean and dry. - Take prescribed pain medications as directed. - Use ice or a cooling device to reduce pain and swelling. - Wear your sling as instructed to protect the shoulder. ### When to Call Your Surgeon Contact your surgeon's office right away if you experience: - Fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher. - Worsening pain, swelling, redness, or drainage at an incision. - Numbness in the arm or hand that is getting worse. - Pain that does not improve with your prescribed medications. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2071146554.jpg "YougLatinInjuriedManWearingSlingTalkingWithTheDoctor - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Rehabilitation and Exercises Physical therapy after surgery is essential for restoring motion, strength, and function. Your therapist will guide you through a phased program, teaching you how to move safely and avoid stressing the repair. **Only begin exercises when your surgeon or therapist says it is safe.** ### Early Motion Exercises ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-13-2025-at-11_24_46-AM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 13 2025 at 11_24_46 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Pendulum Exercise:** Lean forward, supporting yourself with your non-injured arm. Let the injured arm hang down and use your body to create small, gentle swings in circles, forward-and-back, and side-to-side. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-13-2025-at-11_52_53-AM.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 13 2025 at 11_52_53 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Broom or Cane Stretch:** Lie on your back holding a cane. Use your good arm to gently push the injured arm upward to a comfortable height. Hold briefly and return. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-13-2025-at-11_58_45-AM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 13 2025 at 11_58_45 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Wall Walk:** Stand facing a wall. Place your fingers on the wall and slowly walk them up as far as is comfortable. Hold, then walk them back down. ### Strengthening Exercises ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2208330753-1024x1024.jpg "WomanDoingExternalCableShoulderRotationPostureForExerciseIn - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Internal Rotation with Band:** Secure an exercise band in a doorway. Stand with your injured side toward the door, elbow bent at 90 degrees and tucked at your side. Pull the band across your body. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_1992470639-1024x1024.jpg "ManDoingExternalCableShoulderRotationExerciseFlatVectorIllustration - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**External Rotation with Band:** Stand with your injured side away from the door, elbow bent at 90 degrees and tucked at your side. Pull the band away from your body. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2032680152-1024x1024.jpg "WomanDoingLateralSideShoulderDumbbellRaisesPowerPartialsExercise - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Wings:** Stand tall with your arms at your sides. Keeping your elbows straight, slowly lift your arms out to the sides toward shoulder level. Lower with control. ## Surgery Checklist Use this list to prepare for your procedure and a smooth recovery. ### Before Surgery - Tell your providers what prescription and over-the-counter medications, supplements, or herbal remedies you take. Ask if you should stop taking any of them before surgery. - Arrange for an adult family member or friend to give you a ride home from surgery. - Don't eat or drink anything for as long as instructed before surgery. - If you smoke or use any form of nicotine, ask your provider about stopping before surgery. ### After Surgery - Use ice as instructed to reduce swelling and pain. - Wear your sling as directed. - Care for your incisions as directed. - See your provider for follow-up visits. - Talk to your provider about when you can drive and return to work. - Do PT exercises as prescribed. - Ask your provider to list any activities you should avoid. --- ### [Elbow Pain: Causes, Treatment, and Prevention](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-elbow-treatment-and-care) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-elbow-large.jpg "DryElbowsTreatmentSmilingBlackWomanApplyingMoisturisingCreamAt - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Quick-Start Checklist - Learn how the elbow works and moves. - Recognize common causes of elbow pain. - Start first-aid steps early to calm symptoms. - Get a proper evaluation and imaging if needed. - Follow a treatment plan with exercises and support. - Prevent future problems with proper technique and ergonomics. ## Why Elbow Pain Gets in the Way You may not think much about your elbow until it starts to ache. When it does, everyday tasks like lifting a mug, typing, or turning a doorknob can feel surprisingly difficult. This guide explains common elbow problems and what you can do to feel better. ## How Your Elbow Is Built Your elbow is where the upper arm bone, called the **humerus**, meets the two forearm bones: the **radius** on the thumb side and the **ulna** on the little finger side. Muscles cross the joint to bend and straighten your arm, and tendons connect those muscles to the bone. Important nerves for the hand and wrist also pass through the elbow. Two key muscles help the joint move smoothly. The **biceps** muscle bends the elbow, while the **triceps** muscle straightens it. Small bony knobs at the end of the humerus, called **epicondyles**, are common attachment points for tendons and are frequent sources of pain when irritated. The tip of the elbow is the olecranon, which is part of the ulna. A small, fluid-filled cushion named the **bursa** sits over the tip to protect soft tissue. Nearby nerves include the median nerve, which supplies most fingers, and the ulnar nerve, which supplies the little finger and part of the ring finger. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Fracture-17-819x1024.png "Fracture-17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - Epicondyles are knobs at the end of the humerus. - The median nerve provides feeling to most fingers. - The ulnar nerve provides feeling to the little finger and one side of the ring finger. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2385439317-740x1024.jpg "shutterstock_2385439317 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - The triceps muscle helps straighten the elbow. - The biceps muscle helps bend the elbow. ### Referred Pain Sometimes, pain felt at the elbow actually starts elsewhere. Irritation in the neck or higher up the arm can send pain signals to the elbow region. Your clinician may examine these areas to rule out other sources of pain. ## How the Elbow Moves Your elbow is involved every time your arm bends, straightens, or turns. Bending the elbow to bring the hand toward the body is called **flexion**, while straightening it away from the body is called **extension**. These motions help with eating, grooming, lifting, and reaching. The forearm also rotates at the elbow. Turning the palm up is called **supination**, and turning the palm down is called **pronation**. Holding the palm sideways, as if for a handshake, is the neutral position, which places the least strain on the elbow. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2069538797.jpg "shutterstock_2069538797 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Extension** ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-18-819x1024.png "Fracture-18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Flexion** ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2460678623.jpg "shutterstock_2460678623 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Supination** ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2513542793.jpg "shutterstock_2513542793 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Pronation** ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2473319645.jpg "shutterstock_2473319645 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Neutral Position** ## Common Sources of Elbow Pain Several conditions can irritate the elbow and limit daily activities. - **Epicondylitis**, often called tennis elbow or golfer's elbow - **Bursitis**, which involves swelling of the elbow's bursa - **Cubital tunnel syndrome**, a problem with the ulnar nerve - **Fractures** from a fall or direct blow Each condition has telltale signs and effective treatments. The sections below outline what to watch for and how to respond. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-elbow-1024x683.jpg "LooksLikeHesDoneSomeSeriousDamageToHisElbow - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Epicondylitis Explained Epicondylitis happens when a muscle or tendon at the elbow becomes inflamed or develops tiny tears. It often results from using the hand or elbow the same way again and again or from poor technique during work or play. It can make gripping, turning the hand, or swinging the arm painful. ### Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow) This affects the outer side of the elbow, the side farthest from your ribs. The muscles that extend the wrist and open the hand attach here. Although it is linked to tennis by name, most people who get it do not play the sport. ### Medial Epicondylitis (Golfer's Elbow) This affects the inner side of the elbow, the side closest to your ribs. Muscles that flex the wrist and close the hand attach at this spot. A movement similar to a golf swing can trigger it, but many daily tasks can also strain this area. When the tendon is involved, the problem may be called tendinitis. You can injure one or more muscles and tendons along either side of the elbow. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2473784569-1024x695.jpg "shutterstock_2473784569 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2464232985-1024x695.jpg "shutterstock_2464232985 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treating Epicondylitis The goals are simple: reduce pain and restore motion and strength. Many people start with self-care and progress to guided treatment if needed. ### **First Steps at Home** - Rest the elbow by stopping the activity that seems to have caused the pain. - Apply ice for 15 to 20 minutes, two or three times a day for one to two days, using a thin cloth to protect your skin. - Switch tasks between hands at work to reduce stress on the affected side. ### **Further Treatment Options** - Anti-inflammatory medicine or a cortisone injection to reduce pain and swelling. - Motion and strengthening exercises to improve flexibility and function; you may be referred to a physical or occupational therapist for guided care, and treatments such as ultrasound may be used to promote healing. - A splint, brace, or forearm band to reduce stress on injured tissue. - Surgery when symptoms do not improve and damaged tissue needs to be addressed. ## Exercises for Epicondylitis ### **Wrist Flexor Stretch** 1. Hold your right arm out at shoulder height with your palm facing out and fingers up. Keep your shoulder down. 2. Place your left hand across the palm of your right hand. 3. Using your left hand, gently pull your right hand toward you. Do not bend your fingertips back. 4. Hold for **\[number\]** seconds. Switch hands and repeat. 5. Do this with each hand **\[number\]** times a day. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-20-2025-at-07_29_13-PM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 20 2025 at 07_29_13 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### **Wrist Extensor Stretch** 1. Hold your right arm out at shoulder height with your palm facing in and fingers down. Keep your shoulder down. 2. Place your left hand across the back of your right hand. 3. Using your left hand, gently pull your right hand toward you. Do not bend your fingertips back. 4. Hold for 5-10 seconds. Switch hands and repeat. 5. Do this with each hand 3 times a day. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-20-2025-at-07_33_11-PM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 20 2025 at 07_33_11 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### **Wrist Extension and Flexion** 1. Hold a **\[number\]**-pound weight or **\[number\]**-ounce soup can in your hand. 2. Sit with your forearm supported on your knee or the edge of a table, palm down. 3. Keeping the forearm supported, curl your wrist up to lift the weight as high as you can. 4. Lower your wrist back to the starting position. 5. Repeat **\[number\]** times for one set. Then repeat with the palm up. Do **\[number\]** sets a day palm down and the same number palm up. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2369988041-1024x1024.jpg "shutterstock_2369988041 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Why Epicondylitis Happens and How to Prevent It Epicondylitis often stems from repeated motions, poor technique, or awkward positioning that strains the elbow. Improving habits can prevent flare-ups. ### Common Causes - Repetitive motions such as frequent wrist turning, gripping, hand shaking, twisting movements, or using vibrating tools. - Poor technique, including unsafe reaching or gripping and failing to warm up before work or sports. - Poor positioning or posture, such as often reaching for items that are too far away. ### Prevention Tips at Work - Vary tasks to reduce repeated motions and take frequent breaks. - Switch hands when possible and avoid gripping objects too tightly. - Lift with a side or bottom grip rather than a top grip. - Do warm-up stretches before starting and during your shift. - Keep wrists in a neutral handshake position whenever you can. - Keep elbows close to your body when moving your arms. - Move your keyboard and mouse closer to avoid reaching. - Stand on a raised surface when needed so your shoulder is above the objects you reach for. ### Prevention Tips at Play - Avoid bending your elbow or wrist over and over during activities. - Reduce vibration from a tennis racket by choosing nylon strings, a mid-sized frame, or a material such as graphite, and learn proper technique from a professional. - Select equipment with the right grip size and weight for your body; get measured for the correct racket grip. - Warm up before playing and stretch gently afterward. - Use your whole arm, not just the wrist, during a tennis backstroke, and consider a two-handed backstroke. - Let it go if the ball is out of reach. - Keep elbows close to your body and your wrist firm and neutral when you can. ## Bursitis of the Elbow The bursa is a small cushion over the tip of the elbow that protects soft tissues. Overuse, bumps, or injuries can make it fill with fluid and become inflamed. The skin may look red, feel warm, and be painful, and an infection can develop if swelling is left untreated. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2212729633-1024x555.jpg "shutterstock_2212729633 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-20-2025-at-01_34_32-PM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 20 2025 at 01_34_32 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### **First Steps** - Rest the elbow and avoid pressure on the tip. - Apply a cold pack for 15 to 20 minutes, three or four times a day as directed, using a thin cloth to protect your skin. - Use an elastic wrap, if advised, to help control swelling. ### **Further Treatment** - A cortisone injection to help reduce inflammation. - Antibiotics if infection is suspected, and anti-inflammatory medicine for pain. - An elbow wrap or splint to keep the arm still. - Removal of excess fluid with a needle, called aspiration, which may be tested for infection. - Rarely, surgery to remove the bursa if other treatments fail. ### Preventing Future Bursitis Wear an elbow pad during activities where you might bump the tip of your elbow. Try to vary tasks so the elbow is not stressed in the same way for long periods. ## Cubital Tunnel Syndrome ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-19-edited.png "Fracture-19 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") The ulnar nerve, often called the "funny bone" nerve, passes through a small space near the tip of the elbow called the cubital tunnel. Overuse, leaning on the elbow, or a direct bump can irritate this nerve. You may feel an ache at the elbow with tingling or numbness in the little finger and part of the ring finger. ### **First Steps** - Stop or limit the activity that worsens symptoms to reduce swelling and pain. - Medicines may be recommended to ease pain and inflammation. - A nerve conduction study (NCS) may be used to measure how quickly mild electrical signals travel through the arm and help confirm the diagnosis. ### **Further Treatment** - Keep your hand in a neutral handshake position, rather than turned up or down, while using the arm. - Wear a splint or wrap a towel around the elbow at night to help keep it straight while you sleep. - Consider a cortisone injection to decrease inflammation. - Surgery may be advised to reduce pressure on the nerve if symptoms persist. ### Preventing Future Nerve Irritation Avoid leaning on or bending the elbow for long periods. Use a telephone headset instead of bending the elbow to hold a phone to your ear. Vary your activities so you do not overuse the same motions. ## Elbow Fractures A fracture is a crack or break in a bone. You can fracture your elbow by falling onto it or by trying to break a fall with your hand. Pain, swelling, and trouble bending and straightening are common signs that need prompt medical care. ### Most Common Types - **Hairline fracture:** The bone has a crack but stays in place. - **Displaced fracture:** The broken ends move out of place, and surgery is often needed to line them up for healing. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/28.png "28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/29-819x1024.png "29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Any Elbow Bone Can Break The radius fractures most often, especially the radial head near the elbow. The ulna can break at the tip (the olecranon). The humerus in the upper arm can also fracture and may require a cast and often surgery, depending on the break. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-23.png "Fracture-23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-22-819x1024.png "Fracture-22 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### **First Steps** - Apply ice right away using a cloth or towel between the ice and skin to help reduce pain and swelling. - Seek medical attention quickly for an exam and imaging, such as an X-ray, CT scan, or MRI, to identify the location and severity of the fracture. - A splint or cast may be placed to hold the elbow still while the bone heals, and you may be told to use a sling. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2150083369-edited.jpg "shutterstock_2150083369 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### **Further Treatment** - Keep the elbow elevated when lying down to help decrease swelling. - Use medicines to reduce both pain and inflammation. - Surgery is often needed for displaced fractures. The surgeon may repair the bone, remove loose pieces, or use pins, screws, or wires to hold the pieces together while they heal. - Rehabilitation helps restore function and range of motion after immobilization. ### Life with a Cast - Keep the cast dry. If it might get wet, wrap it in plastic bags. - Do not put objects inside the cast. If it itches, use cool air from a hair dryer. - Call your healthcare provider right away for tingling, numbness, swelling, extreme pain, color changes in the fingers, a feeling of extreme cold, or if the cast feels too tight, too loose, or causes pain. ### Exercises to Get Going Again These simple motions help regain flexibility and range of motion. Follow your provider's instructions closely and practice at home. **Bend and straighten:** With your palm up, slowly and gently straighten and bend your elbow. Keep your shoulder relaxed. **Turn:** Gently turn your palm up and down while supporting the injured elbow with your other hand. Keep your shoulder relaxed. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-20-2025-at-07_38_41-PM-1024x683.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 20 2025 at 07_38_41 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-24-819x1024.png "Fracture-24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Your Elbow Evaluation Some elbow problems improve on their own, but many worsen if ignored. A healthcare provider can pinpoint the cause and suggest the best plan. Your visit will likely include questions about your symptoms, a hands-on exam, and moving the elbow in different directions. Tests may include one or more of the following: - **X-ray** to look for bone damage. - **CT scan** to evaluate bones and soft tissues in more detail. - **MRI** to assess soft tissues such as tendons and ligaments. - **Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and electromyography (EMG)** to check how well nerves and muscles are working. - **Aspiration**, which removes fluid from the elbow to test or relieve pressure. - **Arthroscopy**, a minimally invasive surgery that uses a small camera to see inside the elbow and sometimes treat the problem at the same time. ![dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 22 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_John_Turner-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-22-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 22 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treatment Options That Help Once your provider confirms the diagnosis, treatment may include the steps below. - **RICE** if symptoms started suddenly: Rest, Ice, Compression with an elastic wrap if directed, and Elevation above the heart when lying down. - **Medicines and therapy** to reduce pain and inflammation. Splints or braces may support the joint while it heals, and targeted exercises can speed recovery. - **Surgery** when needed. Some procedures can be done arthroscopically through small incisions, while others require an open incision. ## Use Your Elbow Wisely Your elbow is not built for one motion repeated for long periods. Both work and play can involve fixed postures and repeated tasks, so plan short breaks to change position and rest your joint. Vary activities to reduce strain. If you often do one activity, such as tennis, mix in another, such as swimming, to change the load on your arm. Consistency with stretching and strengthening helps maintain flexibility and prevent stiffness. Switch hands when possible to give each elbow a break. Pick up objects from the side or bottom instead of the top. Find ways to keep your arms straighter or take frequent pauses to straighten your elbows. If your activity puts pressure on the elbow, wear an elbow pad. Try not to lean heavily on the elbows or hold them sharply bent for long periods. Bend and straighten only as much as you need. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2457403065.jpg "shutterstock_2457403065 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2585939749.jpg "shutterstock_2585939749 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2268876703.jpg "shutterstock_2268876703 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_437259922-1024x684.jpg "shutterstock_437259922 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Create an Elbow-Healthy Workspace Good setup and posture protect your elbows when standing, sitting, or moving around. Take short, regular breaks to relax your hands and arms. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_120882901.jpg "shutterstock_120882901 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Working While Standing Keep your work within 14 to 18 inches of your body, depending on your size. Move items or move yourself closer rather than reaching. Step up or change position if you would otherwise reach over your head or behind your back. ### Working While Sitting ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2109008408.jpg "shutterstock_2109008408 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Adjust your chair, work surface, monitor, keyboard, and mouse to comfortable heights and distances. If you reach awkwardly for a mouse, move it closer or try a trackball or another alternative. When not actively typing or clicking, take your hands off the keyboard and mouse and rest them in a neutral position. Sit up straight and avoid leaning on your elbows while using a computer or phone. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2314271161.jpg "shutterstock_2314271161 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Working While on the Move Keep your hands in a neutral handshake position as much as possible, rather than turned up or down. Pick things up from the side or bottom when you can. Avoid gripping anything tighter than necessary. ## Quick Summary 1. **Do your part:** Follow your provider's instructions, take medicines as prescribed, and complete your exercises as directed. 2. **Keep elbows close:** Hold items with your elbows near your body when lifting and carrying. 3. **Wear pads:** Use elbow pads during tasks that involve leaning on or bumping your elbow. 4. **Rest and ice:** If your elbow hurts, rest it and use a cold pack or bag of ice wrapped in a thin towel for up to 20 minutes at a time to reduce pain and swelling. If you have questions about any of these steps or your symptoms feel severe, contact a healthcare professional for guidance. Timely care can shorten recovery and help you return to the activities you enjoy. --- ### [Back Owner’s Guide to Relief](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-back-pain-guide) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** # Your Guide to a Stronger, Healthier Back: Managing and Preventing Low Back Pain ## Your Quick-Start Guide to Back Health - Start gentle movement on most days. - Build better posture and body mechanics. - Add safe strength, stretching, and cardio exercises. - Manage your weight, reduce stress, and quit smoking. - Know the red flags and when to seek medical care. - Use ice, heat, and over-the-counter pain relief wisely. ## Understanding Low Back Pain Low back pain is extremely common, and it often develops gradually after years of wear and tear. Your back is central to almost every move you make, so caring for it is a worthwhile investment in your quality of life. By adopting small, positive daily habits, you can significantly reduce pain and stay active. Pain may feel sharp, achy, or constant. While acute injuries and aging play a role, many flare-ups stem from long-standing habits. Paying close attention to how you sit, stand, and move can ease strain and protect your spine for the long term. ### What Causes Back Pain? Some causes are hard to avoid, like accidents or age-related changes to the spine. However, many contributing factors are within your control. Common contributors include: - Poor posture - Inefficient body mechanics when lifting or bending - A sedentary lifestyle or too little exercise - Excess body weight Improving these areas can lower your current pain and help prevent future episodes. With consistent care, most people find relief and can move with greater confidence. ## When to Seek Medical Care Immediately Call your healthcare provider right away if you experience back pain along with any of the following symptoms: - Weakness, numbness, or persistent pain that travels down one or both legs - Numbness in the groin or rectal area - Loss of bladder or bowel control - Back pain that does not improve or gets progressively worse ## Your Goal: A Comfortable, Active Back ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/rear-view-of-couple-with-pet-dog-hiking-along-path-2024-10-20-10-22-27-utc-1024x683.jpg "Rear View Of Couple With Pet Dog Hiking Along Path Through Trees In Countryside - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")While there is no single cure for back pain, there are proven steps that help. The foundation of a healthy back is built on good posture, proper body mechanics, and overall health. Over time, these changes can lessen pain or even make it disappear. Keep moving if you can. Gentle activities like walking or swimming often calm symptoms. As your pain improves, your provider may clear you to increase activity and recommend a tailored exercise plan to build resilience. ## Back to Basics: How Your Spine Works A healthy spine supports your body and allows for smooth, pain-free movement. It has three natural curves: the cervical (neck), thoracic (upper back), and lumbar (lower back) curves. When properly aligned, these curves distribute your body weight evenly, reducing stress on any one area. The spine is built from bones called **vertebrae**, separated by soft, shock-absorbing pads called **disks**. The lumbar spine consists of five vertebrae, L1 through L5. This area carries most of your body's weight, making it more prone to strain and injury. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2203546583-1024x717.jpg "VertebraeSpinalCordAnatomyInfographicsWithSetOfIsolatedScientific - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Common Disk Issues That Cause Pain ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_1442444096-809x1024.jpg "shutterstock_1442444096 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - **Torn Annulus:** The annulus is the tough outer ring of a disk. A sudden movement can tear this ring, causing sharp or aching pain as nearby tissues and nerves become irritated. - **Bulging Disk:** The spongy center of a disk (the nucleus) can push outward if the annulus weakens. This bulge may press on nearby nerves, causing back or leg pain. - **Herniated Disk:** If the annulus tears open, the soft nucleus can leak out and press directly against a nerve. This can cause **sciatica**—pain that travels down the buttock and leg—as well as numbness or weakness. - **Osteoarthritis and Stenosis:** With age, joints and disks can wear down, leading to the formation of bone spurs. These spurs may narrow the spinal canal (a condition called spinal stenosis), irritating nerves and causing pain. ## Everyday Changes That Protect Your Back Small, consistent adjustments can make a big difference. Focus on these habits to reduce strain and support a healthy spine. - **Improve Your Posture:** Slouching and overarching both stress your disks and joints. Practicing a neutral spine alignment protects your back during daily tasks. - **Use Better Body Mechanics:** Body mechanics refers to how you move. Learning safer ways to lift, bend, and reach reduces your risk of injury. - **Exercise Regularly:** Strong, flexible muscles support the spine and improve posture. Aim for a balanced mix of stretching, strengthening, and cardiovascular exercise. - **Reach a Healthy Weight:** Excess weight increases the load on your spine and makes maintaining good posture more difficult. - **Lower Stress:** Emotional tension can trigger muscle spasms and intensify the perception of pain. Explore relaxation techniques, improve your sleep, or seek counseling resources. - **Quit Smoking:** Smoking impairs blood flow, which reduces the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to your spinal disks. ## How Back Pain Is Evaluated A thorough evaluation helps pinpoint the cause of your symptoms. Your provider will use your medical history, a physical exam, and possibly imaging or nerve tests to create a treatment plan. - **Medical History:** Be prepared to discuss where your pain is, whether it travels into your legs, how often it occurs, and what makes it better or worse. - **Physical Exam:** Your provider will check your posture, range of motion, and muscle strength. They may also test your reflexes and sensation in your legs. - **Diagnostic Tests:** Depending on your symptoms, your provider may order tests such as an X-ray, MRI, CT scan, or EMG (electromyography) to get a more detailed view of your spine's bones, soft tissues, and nerves. ## Move Smart: Body Mechanics That Help Using safer movement patterns protects your back at home, at work, and on the go. Practice these simple do's and don'ts. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2099646640-1024x341.jpg "CorrectLiftHeavyWrongLiftingObjectsManHealthSafetyTips - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Lifting - **Do:** Bend your knees and hips, not your back. - **Do:** Keep the load close to your body and lift with your strong leg muscles. - **Do:** Ask for help with heavy or awkward items. - **Don't:** Bend from the waist with straight legs. - **Don't:** Twist your body while lifting. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-4-819x1024.png "Fracture-4 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Sitting - **Do:** Place both feet flat on the floor with knees at or slightly below hip level. - **Do:** Use a small lumbar roll or towel to support your lower back's natural curve. - **Do:** Sit back fully in the chair, not on the edge. - **Don't:** Slouch or lean forward without support. - **Don't:** Sit in one position for more than 30-60 minutes without a break. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-20-2025-at-11_14_02-AM.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 20 2025 at 11_14_02 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Driving - **Do:** Sit upright with a lumbar support and adjust your seat so you don't have to reach for the pedals or wheel. - **Do:** Stop to stretch on longer trips. - **Do:** Keep your back pockets empty to avoid tilting your pelvis. - **Don't:** Drive with your knees higher than your hips. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-10-2025-at-11_53_52-AM.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 10 2025 at 11_53_52 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Working at a Computer - **Do:** Position your screen at eye level. - **Do:** Keep your shoulders relaxed and elbows close to your body. - **Do:** Use a footrest if your feet don't comfortably reach the floor. - **Don't:** Crane your neck forward to see the screen. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-20-2025-at-11_10_36-AM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 20 2025 at 11_10_36 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Standing or Walking - **Do:** Wear comfortable, low-heeled shoes. - **Do:** When standing for long periods, shift your weight and prop one foot on a small stool to offload your back. - **Don't:** Stand locked-kneed or bent forward for too long. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-10-2025-at-11_59_36-AM-1024x683.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 10 2025 at 11_59_36 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Sleeping - **Do:** Choose a mattress that supports your spine's natural curves. - **Do:** Sleep on your side with a pillow between your bent knees, or on your back with a pillow under your knees. - **Don't:** Sleep on your stomach, as it can strain your neck and back. - **Don't:** Use a mattress that is too soft or sagging. ## Posture Made Simple ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2542215373-1011x1024.jpg "shutterstock_2542215373 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Good posture aligns your spine and reduces strain. To find a neutral spine, stand with your back against a wall. You should feel only a small curve in your lower back. If there's a large arch or your back is pressed flat, you are adding stress. Take a deep breath, relax your shoulders, and gently tuck your pelvis until your ears, shoulders, hips, and ankles form a relatively straight line. This neutral position minimizes pressure on your disks. Remember that sitting slouched can place significantly more pressure on your back than standing tall. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-20-2025-at-11_56_35-AM.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 20 2025 at 11_56_35 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Your Back Exercise Plan The following exercises can help build strength and flexibility to support your spine. Always talk with your healthcare provider before starting a new exercise routine. Stop any movement that causes sharp back or leg pain. **Safety Tips:** Warm up for 2-3 minutes before starting. Breathe continuously and avoid holding your breath. Mild muscle fatigue is normal, but sharp pain is a signal to stop. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2102840053-1024x1024.jpg "WomanDoingHamstringStretchExerciseFlatVectorIllustrationIsolatedOn - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Knee-to-Chest Raise Lie on your back with knees bent. Gently pull one knee toward your chest until you feel a comfortable stretch in your lower back. Hold for 15-30 seconds. Repeat 2-4 times per leg. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/hamstring-streetch-poa.png "hamstring-streetch-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Hamstring Stretch Lie on your back and lift one leg, holding behind your thigh. Gently straighten the knee until you feel a stretch in the back of your leg. Hold for 15-30 seconds. Repeat 2-4 times per leg. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/pelvic-tilt.png "pelvic-tilt - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Pelvic Tilt Lie on your back with knees bent. Tighten your abdominal muscles to gently flatten your lower back into the floor. Hold for 5-10 seconds. Repeat 8-12 times. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_1842272014-1024x1024.jpg "shutterstock_1842272014 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Half Sit-up Lie on your back on the floor, arms crossed to your chest. Use your abdominal muscles to raise your head and shoulders slightly off the ground. Reach for your knees. Hold for 5-10 seconds. Relax. Repeat 8-12 times. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2327124619-1024x1024.jpg "WomanDoingStraightLegCalfStretchExerciseFlatVectorIllustration - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Calf Stretch Position yourself with your arms braced against a wall. Put 1 foot about 1.5 feet behind the other. Bend your front lef while keeping both heels on the floor. Lean forward until you feel pulling in the back of your leg. Don't bounce. Hold for 5-10 seconds. Switch legs. Repeat 8-12 times. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/wall-squat-poa.png "wall-squat-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Wall Slide Stand with your back against a wall, feet shoulder-width apart and about 12 inches from the wall. Slowly slide down until your knees are slightly bent, keeping your back on the wall. Hold for 5-10 seconds, then slide back up. Repeat 8-12 times. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/press-up.png "press-up - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Press-Up Lie on your stomach with hands near your shoulders. Gently press up onto your elbows, allowing your back to arch comfortably. Hold for 5-10 seconds. Repeat 8-12 times. Only perform this exercise if cleared by your provider. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-back-1024x869.png "poa-back - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Back Extension Lie on your stomach with hands near your shoulders. Gently press up onto your elbows, allowing your back to arch comfortably. Hold for 5-10 seconds. Repeat 8-12 times. Only perform this exercise if cleared by your provider. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2203246923-1024x1024.jpg "shutterstock_2203246923 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Hip Extension Lie on your stomach with a pillow under your pelvis. Straighten your left leg and tighten your stomach and buttocks, Then slowly raise your left leg from the hip. Return your leg to the floor. Repeat 8-12 times. Switch legs. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2664391683-1024x1024.jpg "shutterstock_2664391683 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Low Back Rotation Lie on your back with your knees bent. Extend your arms out and place your palms on the floor. Slowly drop both knees to the other side; keep your shoulders to the floor. Hold for 5-10 seconds. Return to start. Repeat 8-12 times on each side. ## Simple Pain Relief Tools Listen to your body. Discomfort is a cue to adjust your activity. - **Rest Positions:** When your back feels tired, try lying on your back with your calves supported on a chair or stool for up to 15 minutes to decompress your spine. - **Cold and Heat:** Use an ice pack wrapped in a thin towel on the sore area for 15-20 minutes to reduce inflammation, especially after an activity. Use a heating pad or warm shower for 10-15 minutes to relax tight muscles. - **Over-the-Counter Medication:** Anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen or naproxen may help. Check with your provider before using any medication to ensure it is safe for you. - **Physical Therapy:** A physical therapist can provide a personalized exercise program and hands-on treatments to accelerate your recovery. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_608281367-1024x1024.jpg "shutterstock_608281367 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_608282195-1024x1024.jpg "shutterstock_608282195 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Quick Summary - Perform your recommended stretches and strengthening exercises daily. - Incorporate low-impact aerobic activities like walking, swimming, or cycling. - Always think before you lift: keep the load close and use your legs. - Maintain good posture while sitting, standing, and driving. - Take frequent breaks to stand and stretch if you have a desk job. - Reach and maintain a healthy weight to reduce strain on your spine. - If you smoke, ask your provider for resources to help you quit. - Communicate with your healthcare provider about any ongoing concerns. --- ### [Shoulder Arthroscopy And Recovery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-shoulder-arthoscopy-and-recovery) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** # A Patient's Guide to Shoulder Arthroscopy **Your Guide to Shoulder Arthroscopy Surgery & Recovery** Considering shoulder arthroscopy? Our complete guide covers everything from the procedure's risks and benefits to what you can expect on surgery day and during recovery. Get prepared with our step-by-step patient checklist. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shoulder-poa-1.jpg "PhysicalTherapistsPressToThePatientShoulderCheckForPain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Quick-Start Checklist - Talk with your surgeon about the benefits, risks, and goals of your procedure. - Confirm the correct shoulder on surgery day for your safety. - Arrange for a responsible adult to drive you home and plan for help at home. - Follow all instructions for your sling, pain control, and icing. - Begin physical therapy when your doctor says it is safe. - Watch for warning signs of complications and know who to call. - Keep your follow-up appointments and discuss your return to driving and work. ## Shoulder Arthroscopy at a Glance Your shoulder is the most flexible joint in your body, allowing you to reach, lift, and rotate in many directions. That remarkable range of motion also makes the joint vulnerable to injury and wear. Shoulder arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows a surgeon to see the joint clearly and treat many common problems through small incisions. During arthroscopy, the surgeon uses an arthroscope—a thin, lighted camera that sends live images to a monitor. Specialized tools can then be guided into the joint to diagnose issues and perform repairs. Many people choose arthroscopy because it can address pain and restore function with smaller incisions and, often, a quicker recovery compared to traditional open surgery. ## Is Arthroscopy Right for You? Deciding on surgery is a personal choice. Your surgeon will explain what arthroscopy can and cannot accomplish for your specific shoulder condition. Come prepared with questions and talk through the expected benefits, limitations, and alternatives. Understanding the plan helps you feel confident about the next steps. ### Risks and Possible Complications All surgical procedures have risks. Although complications from shoulder arthroscopy are uncommon, they can include: - Stiffness or ongoing shoulder pain - Bleeding or blood clots - Infection - Injury to nearby nerves or blood vessels - Risks related to anesthesia Your care team will review how these risks apply to you and explain how they are managed before, during, and after surgery. ## Know Your Shoulder: Structure and Support A basic understanding of shoulder anatomy can make your treatment plan easier to follow. The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint designed for both movement and stability. ### The Foundation: Bones of The Shoulder Bones create the framework of the joint and allow the arm to move smoothly. - **Humeral head:** The "ball" at the top of your upper arm bone (humerus). - **Scapula:** The shoulder blade, which includes the acromion and the coracoid processes. - **Clavicle:** The collarbone. - **Glenoid:** The shallow "socket" of the scapula. The **labrum**, a firm ring of cartilage, lines the rim of the glenoid and helps deepen the socket for added stability. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shoulder-bones-poa-1.png "shoulder-bones-poa-1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### The Connections: Soft Tissues Soft tissues stabilize the joint and power its movement. - **Rotator cuff:** A group of four muscles and their tendons that connect the shoulder bones and move the joint. - **Bursa:** A thin, fluid-filled cushion that helps the rotator cuff glide smoothly over the bone. - **Capsule:** A tough sleeve of ligament tissue that surrounds the joint and helps keep the ball in the socket. - **Biceps tendon:** A tendon that attaches at the top of the socket, blending with the labrum to add stability. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shoulder-MUSCLES-poa-1.png "shoulder-MUSCLES-poa-1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What to Expect on Surgery Day You will receive specific instructions on how to prepare, including when to stop eating and drinking. On the day of your surgery, several team members may ask you to confirm which shoulder is being treated. This crucial safety step is standard practice to prevent errors. ## Problems Arthroscopy Can Diagnose and Treat Arthroscopy helps address a wide range of shoulder conditions. Your exact surgical plan depends on what the surgeon finds in the joint and what is causing your symptoms. ### Impingement and Bone Spurs A bone spur can narrow the space where tendons move, causing the rotator cuff or bursa to become inflamed and painful. During arthroscopy, the inflamed bursa tissue can be removed to create more space. The surgeon may also trim bone and, if needed, detach a tight coracoacromial ligament to relieve pressure and allow the shoulder to move freely. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shoulder-impingement-poa.png "shoulder-impingement-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Torn Rotator Cuff Rotator cuff tendons can tear from a sudden injury, overuse, or friction against bone. Tears often lead to pain, weakness, and limited motion. In surgery, any frayed tendon edges are smoothed, and the tendon is reattached to the humerus using small anchors placed in the bone. These anchors hold strong sutures that secure the tendon while it heals. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shoulder-torn-rotator-cuff-poa-1.png "shoulder-torn-rotator-cuff-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Stretched or Torn Capsule If the capsule becomes loose or torn, the joint may feel unstable or like it is slipping out of place. Arthroscopy can tighten the capsule by folding it over on itself and stitching it in place. Any tears in the capsule are also sutured, which helps restore stability to the joint. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/normal-shoulder-capsule-1-1024x797.jpg "normal-shoulder-capsule - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Torn Shoulder Capsule A torn shoulder capsule is an injury to the soft tissue envelope that helps stabilize the ball-and-socket shoulder joint. When it tears, the joint can feel painful, weak, and unstable, sometimes as if it’s “slipping.” This often occurs after a dislocation, a fall, or repetitive overhead use and can lead to ongoing shoulder instability if left untreated. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/torn-capsule.png "torn-capsule - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Torn Labrum The labrum can tear from the top or bottom rim of the glenoid. A tear at the top can be painful, while a tear at the bottom often causes looseness or instability. During arthroscopy, the labrum is reattached to the glenoid using anchors and sutures so it can heal back to the bone. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shoulder-labrum-tear-1024x975.jpg "shoulder labrum tear - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Arthritis and Loose Bodies Arthritis involves damage to the smooth cartilage that lines the joint, often due to age, wear, injury, or disease. This can create painful bone spurs or loose bodies, which are small fragments of bone or cartilage. In surgery, rough areas are smoothed, bone spurs are trimmed, and any loose bodies are removed to reduce catching and irritation. ## After Surgery: What Recovery Looks Like Most people spend a short time in the surgery center before going home the same day. Occasionally, an overnight hospital stay is recommended. Your team will review all home care instructions and schedule your first follow-up visit. ### In the Recovery Area You will wake up with a bandage over the small incisions and a sling to support and protect your arm. Nurses will help manage your pain with medications. Cold therapy, such as ice packs or a specialized cooling device, will be used to limit swelling and ease discomfort. ### Heading Home Safely Before you leave, make sure you feel comfortable with your home care plan and know who to contact with questions. You will need an adult family member or friend to drive you. Having help at home for the first day or two can make daily tasks much easier and safer. ### Caring for Yourself at Home Follow your surgeon's instructions closely. These steps are essential for proper healing and protecting your surgical repair. - Wear your sling exactly as directed. - Take pain medicine as prescribed; do not wait until pain becomes severe. - If you had a nerve block, expect numbness in your shoulder and arm for 12 hours or longer. - Change or remove your dressing only if and as instructed. - Ice your shoulder as directed, often 3 times a day for 20 minutes. Always place a thin cloth between your skin and the cold source. - Do not drive until your doctor says it is safe. Never drive while taking opioid pain medication. ### Physical Therapy: Rebuilding Motion and Strength ![new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 21](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/New-Jersey-Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapists-21-1024x683.jpg "new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Physical therapy is a guided exercise program designed for your specific shoulder condition and procedure. Your doctor will tell you when to begin, which is often soon after surgery. Staying consistent with therapy is critical to help you regain flexibility, strength, and confidence in your shoulder. ## Warning Signs: When to Call Your Doctor Contact your care team right away if you notice any of the following: - Fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, or as directed by your surgeon. - Incision redness, worsening pain, swelling, or any drainage that has an unpleasant odor. - More than a small amount of bleeding from the incisions. - Increased shoulder pain or swelling that does not improve with rest and ice. - Numbness or tingling that is not gradually getting better. If you had a nerve block, allow adequate time for it to wear off. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shoulder-pain-poa-1024x461.jpg "shoulder pain poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Partnering with Your Surgeon Shoulder arthroscopy can be highly effective, but it is essential to have realistic expectations. Ask questions, understand your treatment plan, and work closely with your surgeon throughout your recovery. Clear communication helps ensure you get the best possible outcome. ## Quick Summary Use this list to stay organized before and after surgery. Your team may add instructions tailored to you. ### Before Surgery - Tell your doctors about all prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements you take. - Ask which medicines, if any, you should stop taking before surgery. - Arrange for an adult family member or friend to drive you to and from the surgery center. - Do not eat or drink for the time period instructed by your care team. - If you smoke, talk with your doctor about steps to reduce surgical risks and support your healing. ### After Surgery - Use ice as instructed to reduce swelling and pain. - Wear your sling as directed to protect your shoulder. - Care for your incisions as directed. - Keep all of your follow-up appointments. - Perform your physical therapy exercises as prescribed. - Ask your doctor when it is safe to drive and return to work. --- ### [Healthy Feet: Care, Shoes, Relief](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-foot-care-and-relief) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** # Your Guide to Lifelong Foot Health ## Quick-Start Checklist for Healthy Feet - Wash and dry your feet daily, paying special attention to the area between your toes. - Trim toenails straight across and wear shoes that fit comfortably from the start. - Choose breathable shoes and socks, and rotate pairs to allow them to dry completely. - Test your shoe fit at the forefoot to ensure enough room for your toes. - Address foot pain early with self-care and seek timely medical guidance if it persists. - Stretch your calves and hamstrings before and after physical activity. ## Why Your Feet Deserve Attention ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2411172293.jpg "TheWomanIsMassagingTheSolesOfHerFeet - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Most of us only notice our feet when they ache. Yet, your feet are engineered to carry you more than 100,000 miles in a lifetime, absorbing thousands of pounds of force with every step. This incredible workload makes proper care and protection essential for your overall well-being. Tight, poorly fitting shoes and overuse can set the stage for a variety of painful problems. The good news is that many common foot issues can be prevented or improved with simple lifestyle changes and early treatment. This guide explains common conditions, smart self-care strategies, and when to consult a foot and ankle specialist. ## Everyday Foot Care Basics A simple daily routine can prevent many future problems and keep your feet feeling their best. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2623890541.jpg "CloseUpViewOfAPodiatristSkillfullyCuttingAnIngrown - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- **Wash and Dry:** Wash your feet daily with soap and water, then rinse and dry them thoroughly, especially between the toes. - **Trim Nails Properly:** Trim toenails straight across and avoid cutting them too short. Never dig into the corners, as this can lead to ingrown nails. - **Handle Corns and Calluses with Care:** Skip at-home trimming or chemical removers for corns and calluses. These methods can injure the skin and invite serious infection. - **Choose the Right Socks:** Wear clean, well-fitting cotton socks or tights, and change them every day to keep feet dry. - **Focus on Fit, Not Size:** Choose shoes that fit the unique shape of your feet, not just the number on the box. ### If Your Feet Tend to Sweat - Pick breathable footwear like leather or canvas, or wear sandals that allow for airflow. - Rotate your shoes so each pair has a chance to dry out completely between wears. - Wear cotton socks to help absorb moisture and keep your skin dry. - See your healthcare provider if persistent odor, rash, or dampness continues. ### Foot Care for People with Diabetes Individuals with diabetes or poor circulation have a higher risk of developing serious infections from minor foot injuries. Daily checks are crucial to prevent small problems from becoming urgent medical issues. - **Protect Your Feet:** Wear sturdy shoes and soft socks. Avoid tight socks, stockings, or shoes that restrict circulation. Before putting on shoes, always check inside for any debris, such as pebbles or loose material. - **Inspect Daily:** Look and feel for blisters, cracks, redness, or sores on your feet at least once a day. If you have reduced sensation (neuropathy), you may not feel injuries, so check more often, especially when wearing new shoes. - **Act Quickly:** Call your healthcare provider right away if you notice any signs of infection, color changes, new blisters, tingling, or numbness. - **Prevent Burns:** Always test bath water with your hand or elbow before stepping in to avoid accidental burns. ## Understanding Your Foot's Anatomy Each foot is a complex structure containing 26 bones and 33 joints that provide strength and flexibility. Approximately 20 muscles move the foot, with tendons connecting each muscle to the bone for smooth, controlled movement. More than 100 ligaments stabilize this intricate framework. Key parts include the heel bone (calcaneus), tarsal bones near the ankle, metatarsals in the forefoot, and toe bones (phalanges). ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2150483539-1024x710.jpg "FootAnatomyHumanFootWithTheNameAndDescriptionOf - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### The Role of Your Arches ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2165533701.jpg "ArchesOfTheFootIllustrationDrawingLabeledDrawingWithoutLayers - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Your feet have two main arches. The transverse arch runs across the ball of the foot, bearing a significant portion of your body weight. The longitudinal arch runs from the heel to the toes, flattening slightly to absorb shock when you stand and shortening when you rest. While low arches (flat feet) rarely cause problems, rigid, high arches are more likely to lead to discomfort. Ligaments like the plantar fascia are vital for supporting these arches through every step. ## How We Walk Each person has a unique way of walking, known as their gait. However, normal foot movement follows several common patterns. The big toe provides the main push-off and helps maintain balance, while the metatarsal bones adjust to uneven ground. During proper movement, the body’s weight stays centered over the feet. ## Children's Feet Babies often seem flat-footed because of a natural fat pad on the soles of their feet. As your child grows, their feet and legs typically straighten on their own without the need for special splints or surgery. Your child’s gait and foot development will be monitored during regular well-child checkups. ## How to Find Shoes That Help, Not Hurt The wrong shoes can trigger or worsen foot pain, while the right pair can help prevent issues before they start. Use these fit and construction tips the next time you shop for footwear. ### Fit Tips - **Comfort is Key:** If a shoe isn't comfortable in the store, don't buy it. Shoes should not require a "break-in" period. - **Measure Every Time:** Feet often get wider or longer with age. Measure both feet each time you shop and buy for the larger foot. - **Shop in the Afternoon:** Your feet naturally swell throughout the day, so shopping later ensures you get a more accurate fit. - **Ignore the Number:** Shoe sizing varies by brand. Let comfort and proper fit be your guide, not the size on the label. - **Wiggle Room:** The toe box should be wide and high enough to allow all your toes to move freely. - **Secure the Heel:** Your heel should be snug without pinching, and the sides of the shoe should not gape or slip. ### Construction Matters - Choose shoes with cushioned insoles for comfort and shock absorption. - Look for supportive arch features to help distribute weight more evenly. - Limit time spent in high heels and minimize walking in them. - Ensure the soles are strong but flexible, with good traction. - Replace athletic shoes regularly, as worn tread and compressed cushioning reduce protection and support. - ### Check Your Forefoot Fit ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/a5b0efe3-602c-4c82-a364-b27d57d33ac4.png "a5b0efe3-602c-4c82-a364-b27d57d33ac4 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Many people notice their forefoot widens with age, but most shoes taper at the front. This mismatch can squeeze the toes and lead to problems. Try this quick test: 1. Trace the outline of your bare foot on a piece of paper. 2. Place your shoe on top of the tracing. 3. If the outline of your forefoot is wider than the shoe, the shoe is too narrow for you. ### Orthotic Devices For painful feet, orthotic devices such as pads, orthotic supports, bards, or heal cups may be prescribed. These devices can be placed in or on the shoe. They change the way the bones and muscles work when you're on the go. Orthotic devices also help to treat problems in your feet by shifting weight off painful areas. ### Shoes for Children - Shoes aren't needed before a child begins to walk. - Flexible shoes with a rubber sole are best. High topped shoes aren't needed. - Check often to be sure shoes aren't too small. - Don't have children wear hand-me-down shoes. ## Common Foot Problems and Treatments Most foot issues stem from poorly fitting shoes, overuse, or general wear and tear. Many improve with simple self-care, but it's important to know when to seek medical advice. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_1800231670-1024x828.jpg "NailDiseasesOnychocryptocosisIngrownToenailMedicalInfographicDesignVectorIllustration - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Ingrown Toenails **What it is:** An ingrown nail, often on the big toe, occurs when the edge of the nail grows into the surrounding skin. Tight shoes and improper nail trimming are common causes. **What helps:** Trim nails straight across and wear roomy shoes. Soak the foot in warm water for 15 minutes a few times a day. If pain or swelling persists, a clinician may need to remove part of the nail to prevent it from returning. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2613957141-1024x569.jpg "CallusCornAndFrictionBlisterOnHumanSkinCrossSection - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Blisters **What it is:** **Blisters** form when footwear repeatedly rubs against the skin, creating friction and fluid buildup. **What helps:** To prevent them, **avoid shoes that cause irritation** and **use moleskin or padding** to protect sensitive areas.**Do not pop blisters**, as this increases the risk of infection. If a blister breaks on its own, **keep the area clean and cover it with a sterile bandage** until it heals. Seek **medical attention** if you notice **redness, swelling, or signs of infection** around the blister. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2176237109-1024x1024.jpg "CornsOnToeAndCallusesOnSoleComparisonAndDifferences - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Corns and Calluses **What they are:** Thickened layers of skin caused by pressure or friction. Corns typically appear on toes, while calluses form on weight-bearing areas. **What helps:** Warm soaks and moisturizing lotion can help soften the skin. Wearing properly fitting shoes often reduces the pressure, allowing them to improve. Avoid trimming them yourself or using medicated pads, which can cause injury and infection. ### Soft Corns **What it is**: Soft corns are a type of callus that develop between the toes. They form when a bony prominence, or **spur**, on one toe presses against the adjacent toe. Tight or narrow shoes that crowd the toes can make this condition worse. **What helps:** or self-care, **soak your feet in warm water**, wear shoes with **ample toe space**, and place **cotton or lamb’s wool** between the affected toes to reduce friction. Avoid using sharp instruments or over-the-counter corn removers, as these can cause injury or infection. If discomfort persists, your healthcare provider may recommend **surgical removal of the bony prominence**, after which the soft corn typically resolves over time. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2639635621-1022x1024.jpg "PlanterWartverrucasInFootIllustration - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Plantar Warts **What it is:** Plantar warts may look like hard, painful calluses, but they are actually **viral skin infections** that develop on the soles of the feet. They tend to be **round rather than oval** and often have a small **crater or dark spot in the center**. **What helps:** Self-treatment is **not recommended**—avoid using over-the-counter medications or acids to try to remove the wart. Because plantar warts can be **stubborn and difficult to eliminate**, it’s best to seek **medical care**. Your healthcare provider can discuss safe and effective treatment options for removal. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2176136597-1024x1024.jpg "AthletesFootFungalInfectionThatAffectsTheFeetClose-upOf - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Fungal Infections **What it is:** **Fungal infections**, commonly known as **athlete’s foot**, develop in warm, moist areas of the feet—such as between the toes, around the nails, and along the bottoms or sides. Symptoms can include **itching, burning, or pain between the toes**, **cracked or scaly skin**, and **thickened, discolored nails** that may appear yellow, green, black, or brown. **What helps:** - Wash and dry your feet—especially between the toes—thoroughly each day. - Use **over-the-counter antifungal creams or sprays** as directed. - Change shoes and socks daily, and choose footwear that keeps your feet **cool and dry**. - Avoid scratching, as this can spread the infection. - Wear **nonslip shower shoes** in locker rooms, public showers, or pool areas. - **Medical care** may involve **prescription antifungal creams or oral medications**. In some cases, **thickened nails may need to be trimmed or filed down**, and severe nail infections may require **partial or complete nail removal** for proper healing. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_478538824-1024x1024.jpg "VectorDiagramOfForefootPainMetatarsalgiaSymptomTendernessInThe - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Metatarsalagia **What it is:** This condition causes pain in the ball of the foot. It may result from a rigid, high-arched foot or from the widening of the forefoot—both of which can be inherited. Calluses often develop in the affected area as well. **What helps:** earing shoes with **low heels**, a **wide toe box**, and **soft cushioning** can reduce forefoot pressure. If pain continues, your provider may order **X-rays**, prescribe **anti-inflammatory medication**, or recommend **metatarsal pads, bars, or custom orthotics** for support. In severe cases, **surgery** may be needed to **realign or remove part of the metatarsal bone**, followed by recovery in a **cast**. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_437815204-1024x1024.jpg "MortonsNeuromaWithCrossSectionUsedGradientBlendMode - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Plantar Neuroma (Morton's Neuroma) **What it is:** A **plantar neuroma** is a thickening of a nerve in the ball of the foot. It occurs when the nerve between two **metatarsal heads** becomes pinched or irritated, often from **tight, pointed shoes** or **repetitive impact** to the foot. Common symptoms include **pain or numbness between the toes** and a sensation similar to “walking on a pebble.” **What helps:** **Medical treatment** may involve **orthotic supports** to relieve pressure or a **cortisone injection** to reduce inflammation. If conservative measures fail, **surgery** may be performed to remove the enlarged portion of the nerve, which results in **permanent numbness** in the affected area. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2465930653-1024x877.jpg "DepictionOfHammerToeDeformityAndPipJoint - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Hammer and Claw Toes **What they are:** A bending of the smaller toe joints, often caused by tight shoes or a muscle imbalance. Corns may form where the bent toes rub against shoes. **What helps:** Choose shoes with a soft, roomy toe box. If the condition is painful, surgery can straighten the toe. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2347377241-1024x768.jpg "HalluxValgusTextAnatomyHumanFootBonesSignaturesAlsoFor - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Bunions (Hallux Valgus) **What it is:** A bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe, causing it to angle toward the other toes. This can be hereditary and is often aggravated by narrow shoes. **What helps:** Wear low-heeled shoes with a wide toe box to reduce pressure. If pain continues, surgery can realign the toe and remove the bump. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2160222273-1024x898.jpg "BunionsAndBunionetteAsFeetBoneDisorderConditionOutlineDiagram - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Bunionettes **What it is:** A **bunionette**, also known as a **tailor’s bunion**, is similar to a bunion but forms at the **base of the little toe**. **What helps:**Treatment typically involves **wearing shoes with a wider toe box** to reduce pressure on the area. In more severe cases, **surgery may be performed to remove the bony prominence** and realign the joint. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_490191514-1024x1024.jpg "VectorIllustrationdiagramOfNormalFunctionLimitedMotionAndRigid - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Hallux Rigidus **What it is:** **Hallux rigidus** causes stiffness, pain, and swelling at the base of the big toe, usually due to arthritis from a prior injury. **What helps:** Treatment may include **anti-inflammatory medication**, **joint padding**, or **cortisone injections** to relieve pain and swelling. In severe cases, **surgery** may be needed to **remove bone spurs**, **rebuild or fuse the joint**, or **replace it** to restore movement and reduce discomfort. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/ChatGPT-Image-Oct-31-2025-at-12_30_51-PM.png "ChatGPT Image Oct 31 2025 at 12_30_51 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Heel Pain **What it is:** **Heel pain** can affect anyone and often results from issues with posture, walking patterns, or strain on the ligaments and tissues of the foot. It may also stem from injury or systemic conditions such as arthritis. **What helps: Rest, warm soaks, supportive shoes with cushioned insoles**, and gentle **stretching or massage**. **Medical treatment** may involve **anti-inflammatory medication**, **heel pads or orthotic supports** to reduce pressure, or **cortisone injections** if pain persists. **Surgery** is rarely required. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2248208873-1024x906.jpg "MedicalIllustrationShowingSectionOfFootWithSymptomsOfPlantar - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Plantar Fasciitis **What it is:** Inflammation of the plantar fascia, the thick band of tissue connecting your heel to your toes. This is a common cause of heel pain. **What helps:** Rest, gentle stretching, and supportive shoes or arch supports can provide relief. Ice can reduce inflammation after activity. If pain persists, your provider may recommend physical therapy, custom orthotics, or a cortisone injection. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2487302235-1024x731.jpg "DiagramOfAchillesTendinitisSymptoms - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Achilles Tendinitis **What it is:** Irritation and inflammation of the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscles to the heel. Pain often occurs after a rapid increase in physical activity. **What helps:** Rest from weight-bearing exercise. Gentle calf stretches and wearing shoes with a slight heel lift can help. Pushing through the pain can lead to a more serious tendon rupture. ### To Consider After Foot Surgery: If you need foot surgery, keep the following points in mind: - **Avoid soaking your feet** while stitches or wires are in place. You may need to keep your foot completely dry—ask your healthcare provider for specific bathing or showering instructions. - **Multiple foot issues may be treated together.** It’s common for surgeons to correct several problems during a single procedure. - **Recovery can take longer than expected.** Your surgeon will explain what to expect before and after surgery, including activity limits and healing timelines. - **Contact your surgeon immediately** if you notice worsening pain, redness, swelling, or any drainage from your incision site. ## Keep Active, Protect Your Feet The right shoes and a quick warm-up can help you stay comfortable and injury-free. Try these two stretches before and after you exercise. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_1850399740-1024x1024.jpg "ManDoingStraightLegCalfStretchExerciseFlatVectorIllustration - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Calf Stretch 1. Stand facing a wall with your hands on it for support. 2. Step one foot back, keeping the leg straight, and press the back heel firmly into the floor. 3. Bend your front knee until you feel a stretch in the calf of your back leg. 4. Hold for 20-30 seconds and repeat 2-3 times on each leg. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2102840053-1024x1024.jpg "WomanDoingHamstringStretchExerciseFlatVectorIllustrationIsolatedOn - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Hamstring Stretch 1. Lie on your back with both knees bent. 2. Raise one leg toward the ceiling, supporting the thigh with your hands. 3. Gently pull the leg toward you until you feel a stretch in the back of your thigh. Keep the knee slightly bent if needed. 4. Hold for 20-30 seconds and repeat 2-3 times before switching legs. Remember to increase any new activity gradually. If you feel pain, stop and rest. If discomfort doesn't improve with self-care, don't hesitate to contact your healthcare provider. Your feet are your foundation—be kind to them, and they will carry you well. ## Quick Summary - Wash and dry your feet daily, paying special attention to the area between your toes. - Trim toenails straight across and wear shoes that fit comfortably from the start. - Choose breathable shoes and socks, and rotate pairs to allow them to dry completely. - Test your shoe fit at the forefoot to ensure enough room for your toes. - Address foot pain early with self-care and seek timely medical guidance if it persists. - Stretch your calves and hamstrings before and after physical activity. - If you have diabetes, inspect your feet daily and call your provider immediately for any concerns. - Replace athletic shoes regularly and avoid walking in high heels for extended periods. --- ### [Relieving Wrist Pressure](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-carpal-tunnel-wrist-pressure) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** # Navigating Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Patient's Guide to Treatment and Recovery ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2107293914-1024x683.jpg "CarpalTunnelSyndromeCompressedMedianNerveAnatomyOfTheCarpal - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")CarpalTunnelSyndromeCompressedMedianNerveAnatomyOfTheCarpal ## Your Path to Relief: A Quick Guide Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) can be disruptive, but a clear path to relief is available. This guide outlines the key steps from diagnosis to recovery. - **Recognize Symptoms:** Notice and track symptoms like tingling, numbness, or weakness in your hand and fingers. - **Get an Expert Evaluation:** Schedule an exam with your doctor to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other potential causes. - **Explore Nonsurgical Treatments:** Try conservative options first, which may include wrist splinting, anti-inflammatory medications, or cortisone injections. - **Confirm with Testing:** If needed, your doctor may order tests like an EMG or nerve conduction study to assess nerve function. - **Consider Surgery:** If symptoms persist or worsen despite nonsurgical care, carpal tunnel release surgery may be an effective option. - **Prepare for Your Procedure:** Follow a simple checklist to prepare for your surgery and ensure a smooth recovery. - **Know Your Recovery Plan:** Understand post-operative care and know when to call your surgeon with any concerns. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/self-massage-at-office-hands-2025-10-16-22-05-15-utc-edited-scaled.jpg "self-massage-at-office-hands-2025-10-16-22-05-15-utc - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Understanding Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common condition that affects the wrist and hand when a major nerve—the median nerve—becomes compressed or crowded. Many people experience tingling, numbness, and weakness that can make daily tasks difficult. The encouraging news is that CTS is highly treatable, with management plans tailored to your specific needs and lifestyle. We're here to help you understand your options and what to expect. Use this guide to prepare for your visit and to ask informed questions about your care. ### Inside the Wrist: What Is the Carpal Tunnel? The carpal tunnel is a narrow, rigid passageway in your wrist. It is formed by small wrist bones (carpals) on the bottom and sides, and a strong band of connective tissue called the **transverse carpal ligament** on top. The median nerve, which controls sensation and movement in the thumb and first three fingers, travels from the forearm through this tunnel into the hand. It shares this space with nine tendons that bend your fingers. In a healthy wrist, there is enough space for the nerve and tendons to glide smoothly. However, when the tendons become swollen or inflamed, this space narrows, putting pressure on the median nerve. This compression is what causes the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_1956398119-1024x616.jpg "CarpalTunnelSyndromePainHandArmWristSplintSurgeryBone - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")CarpalTunnelSyndromePainHandArmWristSplintSurgeryBone ## Symptoms and Diagnosis ### Common CTS Symptoms CTS often begins gradually with sensations that may come and go. Over time, they can become more frequent and intense. You might notice: - **Tingling, numbness, burning, or pain** in the thumb, index, middle, and the thumb-side half of the ring finger. - **Weakness in your grip** or a tendency to drop objects unexpectedly. - **Nighttime symptoms** that wake you up, often prompting you to "shake out" your hand. - **Symptoms that appear during daily activities** like driving, holding a phone, or reading. Early evaluation is key to preventing symptoms from worsening. ### Getting Evaluated: What to Expect Your visit will start with a conversation about your health and symptoms. Be prepared to tell your doctor when the symptoms began, what makes them better or worse, and how they impact your daily life. Next, your doctor will perform a physical examination of your hand and wrist. This may involve gently tapping over the median nerve or having you hold your wrist in a bent position to see if it reproduces your symptoms. These tests help identify CTS and rule out other conditions like arthritis or tendonitis. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/senior-woman-during-a-medical-exam-with-practition-2024-09-18-17-01-54-utc-1024x683.jpg "Senior woman during a medical exam with practitioner - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Tests You May Need To confirm the diagnosis and determine the severity of the nerve compression, your doctor may recommend one or more of the following tests: - **Electromyogram (EMG):** Checks the electrical activity in your muscles to see if there is any nerve or muscle damage. - **Nerve Conduction Study (NCS):** Measures how quickly electrical signals travel along your median nerve. A slowdown at the carpal tunnel can indicate CTS. - **Imaging Tests:** An X-ray can show bone issues like a fracture or arthritis, while an MRI can visualize soft tissues to rule out other problems. ## Nonsurgical Treatment Options For many people, symptoms improve with conservative care designed to reduce irritation of the median nerve. Following your doctor's directions closely will help you get the most benefit. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/senior-man-with-trying-on-an-orthopedic-wrist-brac-2025-01-08-14-22-49-utc-1024x683.jpg "Senior man with trying on an orthopedic wrist brace - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Splinting A wrist splint holds your wrist in a neutral (straight) position, which creates the most space in the carpal tunnel and reduces pressure on the nerve. Wearing a splint at night is often recommended, as many people unconsciously bend their wrists while sleeping. Consistent use is key to relief. ### Medications Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can help relieve pain and reduce inflammation. Your doctor may also prescribe other medications. While these can ease symptoms, they do not correct the underlying compression, so other treatments may still be needed. ### Cortisone Injections Cortisone is a powerful anti-inflammatory medicine injected directly into the carpal tunnel. You may feel some soreness at the injection site for a day or two, often followed by significant relief that can last for weeks or months. A positive response to the injection also helps confirm the diagnosis of CTS. ## Considering Carpal Tunnel Release Surgery If nonsurgical treatments do not provide lasting relief or if your symptoms are severe, your doctor may recommend carpal tunnel release surgery. The goal of the procedure is to permanently reduce pressure on the median nerve by dividing the transverse carpal ligament, thereby increasing the size of the tunnel. ### Surgical Approaches Your surgeon will choose a method based on your specific anatomy and condition. - **Open Release:** The surgeon makes a single, small incision in the palm to directly see and cut the transverse carpal ligament. - **Endoscopic Release:** The surgeon makes one or two very small incisions (portals) and uses a miniature camera (endoscope) to see inside the wrist and guide a specialized instrument to cut the ligament from the inside. Your surgeon will explain which approach is recommended for you and why. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-5-2025-at-12_43_56-PM-edited.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 5 2025 at 12_43_56 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Possible Risks and Complications While carpal tunnel release is a safe and effective procedure, all surgeries have risks. Complications are uncommon but can include infection, bleeding, painful scar tissue, incomplete release of the ligament, or injury to a nearby nerve or blood vessel. We will review these risks with you and explain the steps we take to minimize them. ## Preparing for Surgery and Aftercare ### Before Surgery Checklist - Tell your surgeon about **all medications, supplements, and herbal remedies** you take. Ask if any should be stopped before surgery. - Arrange for an adult family member or friend to **drive you home**. - **Do not eat or drink** for the time period directed by your care team. - If you smoke, talk with your doctor about quitting or pausing. Smoking can slow the healing process. - Leave all **jewelry, watches, and valuables** at home on the day of surgery. ### After Surgery: Recovery and When to Call Your Surgeon Recovery is a critical part of your treatment. The procedure is typically outpatient, meaning you go home the same day. - **Keep your hand elevated** above heart level as much as possible for the first few days to reduce swelling. - **Care for your incision and bandage** exactly as directed. Keep it clean and dry. - **Move your fingers regularly** to prevent stiffness and improve circulation. - **Limit heavy or repetitive hand use** while you heal. Your surgeon will tell you when it's safe to return to normal activities. - **Attend all follow-up visits** so your surgeon can monitor your progress. **Contact your surgeon right away if you notice any of the following:** - Fever of 100.4° F (38° C) or higher - Pain that is not controlled by your prescribed medication - Large or increasing swelling in the hand - New or worsening numbness in your fingers - Fingers or nails that look white, pale, or blue ## Making the Decision Together Carpal tunnel release surgery can offer significant and lasting relief from pain and numbness. However, the decision to have surgery is a personal one. We encourage you to ask questions about the results you can expect, how long recovery may take, and what activities you can do at each stage. Our goal is to provide you with all the information you need to feel confident about choosing the treatment plan that is right for you. --- ### [Total Hip Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-total-hip-replacement) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ## Understanding Total Hip Replacement ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/senior-couple-walking-in-the-park-in-autumn-2025-03-24-18-15-04-utc-1-1024x683.jpg "Senior couple walking in the park in autumn - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Living with constant hip pain can be exhausting and discouraging. Everyday tasks may start to hurt or feel out of reach. Total hip replacement is a common, highly successful surgery that can ease your pain and help you move more comfortably. This comprehensive guide explains what a hip replacement involves, how to prepare, what happens during surgery, and how to recover safely. It also answers common questions and outlines risks so you can make informed choices with your care team. ## Why Your Hip Hurts > **At a Glance:** Review the common causes of hip pain and joint damage. Hip pain can affect people at any age and can make work, exercise, and hobbies harder to enjoy. For many, pain and stiffness limit basic movements like walking, bending, or even resting comfortably. Common causes of chronic hip pain include: - **Osteoarthritis,** which is the gradual wear and tear of joint cartilage over time. - **A prior hip fracture** that has not healed correctly or has led to post-traumatic arthritis. - **Inflammatory conditions** like rheumatoid arthritis, which causes the body's immune system to attack the joint lining. - **Avascular necrosis,** a condition where reduced blood supply causes bone tissue to die and the joint to collapse. ### Hip Anatomy in Plain English ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-3-819x1024.png "Fracture-3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")The hip is one of the largest weight-bearing joints in the body. It is a ball-and-socket joint designed for both stability and a wide range of motion. In a healthy hip, the rounded head of the thighbone (femur) fits perfectly into a cup-shaped socket in the pelvis (acetabulum). Smooth cartilage covers both surfaces so the ball glides easily, while strong muscles and tendons move the joint. ### When the Hip Joint Is Damaged ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/3-1-819x1024.png "3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/2-1-819x1024.png "2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/1-1-819x1024.png "1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Fracture-2-819x1024.png "Fracture-2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") If any part of the hip is injured or worn out, movement can become painful and stiff. As cartilage thins or wears away completely, bones may rub directly against each other, which causes grinding, inflammation, and significant soreness. ## How Hip Replacement Helps > **At a Glance:** Learn how hip replacement works and the significant benefits it offers. An orthopedic surgeon is a medical doctor who specializes in treating bone and joint problems. Together, you and your surgeon will decide if hip replacement is the right choice for you. During the surgery, the damaged parts of your hip are removed and replaced with an artificial joint, called a prosthesis. This new joint is engineered to relieve pain and restore function so you can move with greater ease. ### Benefits You Can Expect Most people experience meaningful, life-changing improvements after total hip replacement. Surgery is highly likely to: - **Lessen or eliminate hip pain.** Discomfort from the operation itself typically improves over a few weeks. - **Strengthen your legs.** With less pain, you can be more active and rebuild atrophied muscle. - **Improve daily comfort.** Everyday tasks and low-impact activities usually become much easier. - **Provide long-term relief.** More than 90% of modern hip replacements last 15 to 20 years or more. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/senior-couple-hiking-in-the-forest-2025-03-14-18-49-39-utc-1024x683.jpg "Senior couple hiking in the forest - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Is Surgery the Right Choice for You? > **At a Glance:** Explore the evaluation process, your treatment options, and the potential surgical risks. ![dr amber macfarlane 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 21 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_Amber_MacFarlane-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-21-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr amber macfarlane 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 21 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Your surgeon will perform a thorough evaluation, which includes examining your hip, reviewing your medical history, and ordering imaging tests to pinpoint the cause of your pain. X-rays clearly show bones and joint space, while an MRI provides detailed views of soft tissues like cartilage and tendons. Based on these findings, you will discuss whether hip replacement offers the best chance to relieve your pain and restore your movement. You will also review other options if surgery is not the immediate next step. ### Your Treatment Options ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/young-woman-pour-eggs-over-lunch-2024-12-03-09-46-48-utc-1024x683.jpg "young-woman-pour-eggs-over-lunch-2024-12-03-09-46-48-utc - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Your personalized care plan may include one or more of the following: - **Nonsurgical care,** such as weight loss, changing activities, medications or supplements, physical therapy, exercises, and using walking aids like a cane. - **Other procedures,** such as hip resurfacing, arthroscopy to treat problems inside the joint, or an osteotomy to realign the bone. ### Be Informed: Risks and Questions to Ask ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/senior-woman-in-wheelchair-looking-at-camera-near-2024-11-08-13-24-49-utc-1024x683.jpg "Senior woman in wheelchair looking at camera near nurse in clinic - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Every surgery has risks. Understanding them helps you prepare mentally and sets realistic expectations. Be sure to ask your surgeon what the procedure can and cannot do, what alternatives exist, and how to best get ready for surgery and recovery. Possible risks and complications include: - Infection - Bleeding that may require a transfusion - Blood clots in the legs, pelvis, or lungs - Ongoing pain, stiffness, or other joint problems - Injury to nearby blood vessels, bones, or nerves - Loosening or wear of the implant that may require another surgery (revision) - Hip fracture or dislocation - A change in leg length - Risks related to anesthesia ## Get Ready for Surgery > **At a Glance:** Prepare your home and optimize your health before surgery for a smoother recovery. You can make your recovery safer and smoother by preparing ahead of time. Your surgeon will provide specific instructions for medical tests, exercises, and timing. If you smoke or use nicotine, stopping or cutting down significantly lowers surgical risks and supports better healing. ### Prepare Your Home Set up your living space so daily tasks are easier after surgery: - Install helpful equipment, such as handrails in hallways, grab bars in the bathroom, and a raised toilet or shower seat. - Arrange a resting area on your main living level to avoid stairs. - Remove clutter, secure loose cords, and take up all throw rugs to prevent falls. - Store frequently used supplies between waist and shoulder height to limit bending or reaching. ### Arrange Short-Term Help You will not be able to drive for a few weeks. Ask a family member or friend to help with rides, groceries, and chores. If you live alone, consider having someone stay with you or arranging for a home health aide. Some people benefit from a short stay at a dedicated rehabilitation facility. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/metal-shopping-basket-2025-01-31-23-32-12-utc-1024x802.jpg "metal shopping basket - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### See Your Primary Care Doctor Your primary care clinician will help you prepare medically. You may have blood work, a chest X-ray, and an ECG to check your heart rhythm. Chronic conditions like diabetes or high blood pressure must be well-controlled before surgery. Any active infections should be fully treated first. ### Share Your Medications Tell your surgeon about all medicines, vitamins, herbs, and over-the-counter products you take. Some, including blood thinners, aspirin, and anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen, increase bleeding risk and may need to be paused before surgery. Follow the plan your care team provides. ### Start 'Prehab' Prehabilitation, or prehab, is a program of stretching and strengthening exercises performed before surgery. Practicing everyday activities and learning safe movements can help you recover your function faster. ### Finish Dental Work ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/young-bearded-man-sitting-in-dental-chair-visitin-2025-03-16-04-34-55-utc-1024x681.jpg "young bearded man sitting in dental chair visiting modern dental clinic having regular checkup woman dentist - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Bacteria from the mouth can travel through the bloodstream and infect a new joint. It is crucial to complete any pending dental procedures and treat tooth or gum problems well before your surgery date. ## The Day of Surgery and Your New Hip > **At a Glance:** Understand the surgical procedure and the different types of hip implants. You will be asked not to eat or drink anything after a specific time the night before your procedure. At the hospital, you will meet the anesthesiologist, the doctor who administers anesthesia to prevent pain. You may receive general anesthesia (fully asleep) or regional anesthesia (numb from the waist down), often combined with medication that leaves you drowsy. An IV line will be placed to give you fluids and medicines. For your safety, the staff will confirm your name, procedure, and which hip is being treated, and the operative hip will be clearly marked. ### Your New Hip Implant A prosthesis is an artificial joint designed to mimic a healthy hip, with a ball and a socket similar to your natural anatomy. Components may be made of ceramic, highly durable plastic, metal, or a combination of these materials. Implants can be held in place with bone cement or by a 'press-fit' method. A press-fit implant has a textured surface with tiny pores that your own bone grows into over time, creating a strong biological bond. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2107770488.jpg "3dRenderedIllustrationOfAHipReplacement - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Inside the Operating Room: The Procedure ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/4-819x1024.png "4 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/5-819x1024.png "5 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") When it is time, you will be taken to the operating room. Your surgeon may use a posterior approach (from the back of the hip), an anterior approach (from the front), or a lateral approach (from the side). First, the damaged ball at the top of the thighbone is removed. The socket is shaped to accept the new cup, which is usually press-fit and may be secured with screws. A stem is then placed inside the thighbone, the new ball is attached, and it is joined with the new socket. Finally, the incisions are closed with stitches, staples, or surgical glue. ## Your Recovery Journey > **At a Glance:** Follow key recovery tips, movement precautions, and milestones for a successful outcome. You will wake up in a recovery area where the team monitors your comfort and vital signs. Pain control is a top priority, and you should speak up if you are uncomfortable. Blood clot prevention starts early. You may receive blood-thinning medicine, wear support stockings, and use compression boots on your legs. Breathing exercises help keep your lungs clear. Your team will teach you how to move in ways that protect the new joint. These movement precautions vary based on the surgical approach. ### Posterior Approach Precautions ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-5-819x1024.png "Fracture-5 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/11-819x1024.png "11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-4-819x1024.png "Fracture-4 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-6-819x1024.png "Fracture-6 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/10-819x1024.png "10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - Sit with your hips higher than your knees. - Sit with both feet on the floor and keep your knees about 6 inches apart. - Do not bend your hip past 90 degrees (so your upper body goes below your waist). - Do not cross the knee of your operated leg over the midline of your body. - Do not turn your operated leg inward into a "pigeon-toed" position. ### Anterior Approach Precautions ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-8-819x1024.png "Fracture-8 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-7-819x1024.png "Fracture-7 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - Avoid stepping too far backward with your operated leg. - Do not turn your operated leg outward excessively. ### Going Home and Getting Moving Most people go directly home when they are medically ready. You will likely stand and walk within hours after surgery using a walker or crutches. Your physical therapist will teach you how to do daily tasks safely and with less strain on your hip: - **Sitting:** Back up until a chair touches your legs, use the armrests to lower yourself, and keep your operated leg out in front. - **Dressing:** Use long-handled tools, like a sock aid or reacher, to put on socks and shoes. Slip-on shoes are a great option. - **Stairs:** Step up first with your non-operated leg ("up with the good"), then bring the operated leg up. When going down, lead with the operated leg ("down with the bad"). ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/senior-man-using-a-zimmer-frame-2025-02-10-00-19-32-utc-683x1024.jpg "Senior man using a zimmer frame - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Returning to Daily Life ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/grandad-lets-us-have-all-the-fun-we-want-2025-04-06-09-36-56-utc-1024x683.jpg "Grandad lets us have all the fun we want - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Walk every day and continue your exercises to build strength and motion. Increase your activity a little each week as you feel able. Your surgeon will tell you when it is safe to drive and return to work. Most people can resume sexual activity once the incision has healed and hip motion improves; ask your surgeon about safe positions. ## Long-Term Care for Your New Joint > **At a Glance:** Protect your new joint for years to come and know when to call your surgeon. Always tell any doctor or dentist that you have an artificial hip. You may need to take antibiotics before certain medical or dental procedures to lower the risk of infection traveling to the implant. Your surgeon may also order periodic X-rays over the years to check the position and wear of the joint. ### When to Call Your Surgeon Contact your surgeon's office right away if you have: - Trouble breathing or chest pain - Increased or severe hip pain - Pain, swelling, or redness in your calf or leg - Unusual redness, warmth, or drainage at the incision site - A fever of 100.4° F (38° C) or higher ## Quick Summary ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/low-angle-view-of-happy-senior-woman-holding-potte-2025-10-28-21-50-14-utc-1024x683.jpg "low-angle-view-of-happy-senior-woman-holding-potte-2025-10-28-21-50-14-utc - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Total hip replacement is a transformative procedure that can reduce pain and help you return to the activities you value. Success depends on a partnership between you and your care team. Set yourself up for the best possible outcome by following these key steps: - Follow all preoperative instructions. - Take reasonable steps to optimize your health. - Arrange for support at home during your recovery. - Keep every follow-up appointment. - Commit to and complete your physical therapy program as directed. --- ### [Shoulder Replacement Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-shoulder-replacement-surgery) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** # Your Guide to Shoulder Replacement Surgery ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/eldery-male-gardener-cutting-overgrown-bushes-2025-03-25-22-19-45-utc-1024x683.jpg "Eldery male gardener cutting overgrown bushes - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Quick-Start Checklist - Learn why shoulder replacement is done and if it fits your goals. - Complete pre-op tests, review medicines, and finish dental care. - Arrange home support and set up your space for safe recovery. - Understand implant options and how the surgery is performed. - Start early exercises, manage pain, and prevent complications. - Follow your home plan, watch for warning signs, and attend follow-ups. - Plan your safe return to driving, work, and favorite activities. ## What is Shoulder Replacement Surgery? ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/super-happy-smiling-old-woman-learning-to-use-scou-2024-10-16-00-50-38-utc-1024x683.jpg "Super happy smiling old woman learning to use scouts during a nature walk new hobby and habit and activities during the third age Health care for seniors and nature sport grandma - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Shoulder replacement surgery removes damaged parts of the joint and replaces them with an artificial joint, called a prosthesis. This procedure is designed to ease pain and help you use your arm more comfortably. It has a strong track record for safety and reliable outcomes when paired with good preparation and rehabilitation. An orthopedic surgeon, a specialist who treats bone and joint conditions, will recommend surgery only if it aligns with your long-term needs. Be open about your daily activities, goals, and concerns so your care plan can be tailored to fit your life. ### Why a Shoulder May Need Replacement The most common reason for shoulder replacement is arthritis, which occurs when the smooth cartilage cushioning the joint wears away. As cartilage breaks down, bone rubs on bone, causing the joint to become stiff and painful. Common causes include: - **Osteoarthritis** from years of use. - **Inflammatory arthritis,** such as rheumatoid arthritis. - **Post-traumatic arthritis** after a fracture or serious injury. - **Rotator cuff tear arthropathy** from long-term rotator cuff damage. Other conditions can also harm the joint. A severe fracture can shatter the ball of the shoulder (humeral head). Avascular necrosis occurs when the bone loses its blood supply, which can cause the bone to die and collapse. ## Understanding How Your Shoulder Works The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint. The rounded top of your upper arm bone (the humeral head) fits into a shallow cup on your shoulder blade (the glenoid). This design allows a wide range of motion for lifting, reaching, and rotating. Cartilage, a smooth, rubbery layer, covers the ball and lines the socket, letting the joint glide without friction. The rotator cuff—a group of four muscles and their tendons—keeps the joint stable and powers your arm movements. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_1730291083-1024x683.jpg "ShoulderAnatomyVectorIllustrationLabeledInnerSkeletonAndMuscleStructure - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### When the Shoulder is Damaged With osteoarthritis, cartilage cracks and thins, causing bone surfaces to become rough. This can lead to bone spurs, grinding, and stiffness. Inflammatory arthritis can make the joint warm, swollen, and painful. A large rotator cuff tear can allow the joint to slip out of position, damaging cartilage and causing persistent pain. In cases of avascular necrosis, the lack of blood flow leads to bone collapse. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2473784605-1024x682.jpg "shutterstock_2473784605 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Osteoarthritis** is joint wear and tear. Cartilage cracks and thins, and bone rubs on bone. This leads to roughened bone and growths called bone spurs. The joint is stiff and painful. It may catch when it moves. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-9-819x1024.png "Fracture-9 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Inflammatory (rheumatoid) arthritis** is a chronic joint disease. Cartilage is slowly destroyed. The joint becomes warm, swollen, and painful. Over time, the joint may stiffen and weaken. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2635806277-1024x543.jpg "shutterstock_2635806277 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**A shoulder fracture** can occur due to trauma, such as a car crash or bad fall. The ball may break off or end up in pieces. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-11-819x1024.png "Fracture-11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Avascular necrosis** occurs when the blood supply to the bone is cut off. Without blood, the bone dies and collapses. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2510804311-1024x533.jpg "shutterstock_2510804311 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**A large rotator cuff tear** lets the joint slip out of place. This can lead to cartilage damage and weakness and pain in the joint. ## Is Surgery the Right Choice for You? Your surgeon will examine your shoulder, review your medical history, and order imaging tests such as X-rays, a CT scan, or an MRI to get a detailed look at your bones and soft tissues. These findings guide the best treatment plan for you. Nonsurgical options are often tried first, including rest, anti-inflammatory medicines, cortisone injections, and physical therapy. If these treatments no longer provide relief and your quality of life is affected, your surgeon may recommend shoulder replacement. Being an informed partner in your care is crucial. Ask questions to understand your options, including the benefits, risks, and limitations of the procedure. Discuss your goals and which activities may need to be modified after surgery. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2564450919.jpg "shutterstock_2564450919 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Benefits You Can Expect - Significant pain relief as you heal. - Improved movement, flexibility, and strength. - Years of better function, with many implants lasting 15 to 20 years or longer. ### Risks and Possible Complications - Infection, which can rarely require implant removal. - Bleeding or significant swelling. - Ongoing pain or stiffness. - Injury to nearby nerves or blood vessels. - Implant problems (loosening, fracture, or dislocation) that may require another surgery. - Blood clots in the legs or lungs. - Risks related to anesthesia. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2150083369.jpg "shutterstock_2150083369 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Preparing for Your Surgery You may need lab tests, a chest X-ray, and an ECG to confirm you are ready for surgery. Work with your primary care provider to manage any health issues like diabetes or high blood pressure. Be sure to treat any active infections before your surgery date. Tell your surgeon about all medicines and supplements you take. You will likely need to stop taking blood thinners, aspirin, and anti-inflammatory drugs (like ibuprofen) before surgery to reduce bleeding risk. Also, finish any necessary dental work to prevent bacteria from traveling from your mouth to your new joint. ### Prepare Your Home and Support System After surgery, you will wear a sling and have limits on lifting and reaching. A little planning can make your home safer and more comfortable. - Place frequently used items within easy reach, below shoulder height. - Stock your kitchen with easy-to-prepare meals. - Arrange for someone to help you with daily tasks for the first few days or weeks. - Plan for transportation, as you will not be able to drive for a period of time. ## The Surgical Procedure On the day of surgery, follow your team's instructions about when to stop eating and drinking. At the hospital, you will meet your anesthesiologist to discuss the plan to keep you comfortable, which often includes general anesthesia and a nerve block to numb your arm for pain control during and after the procedure. ### Your Implant Options You and your surgeon will choose the implant that best matches your anatomy and condition. - **Anatomic Total Shoulder Prosthesis:** A metal ball replaces the humeral head, and a plastic cup replaces the socket. This is used when the rotator cuff is intact. - **Reverse Total Shoulder Prosthesis:** The ball is placed on the socket side and the socket is placed on the arm side. This design allows other muscles to move the arm when the rotator cuff is severely damaged. - **Partial (Hemi) Replacement:** Only the ball portion of the joint is replaced. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/18-1-819x1024.png "18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Anatomic shoulder prosthesis** replaces the head of the arm bone (humeral head) with a metal ball attached to a stem. The stem fits into the arm bone. If needed, a plastic cup is placed onto the shoulder socket. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/17-1-819x1024.png "17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**A reverse prosthesis** may be used for certain injuries or conditions. The humeral head is replaced by a metal and plastic socket attached to a stem. A metal ball is placed onto the shoulder socket. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/17-2-819x1024.png "17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Reverse replacement:** For rotator cuff arthropathy or other conditions, a reverse prosthesis may be used. For this, the humeral head is removed and a stem topped by a plastic cup is put into the arm bone. A metal ball is placed over the glenoid. After surgery, arm muscles other than the rotator cuff can take over moving and stabilizing the joint. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/18-2-819x1024.png "18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Total replacement:** If both the humeral head and glenoid are worn, both the ball and the socket may be replaced. For this, the humeral head is removed. The stem is placed into the arm bone and the metal ball secured to it. The plastic cup is secured in place on the glenoid. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Fracture-12-819x1024.png "Fracture-12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Partial (hemi) replacement:** If the humeral head is damaged but the glenoid is not, only the ball may be replaced. Most often, the humeral head is removed. The stem is placed into the arm bone and a metal ball is secured to the stem. In certain cases, the natural head stays in place and is covered with a metal cap. ## Your Recovery Journey After surgery, you will wake up in the recovery area with your arm in a sling. Some patients go home the same day, while others stay one night. Your shoulder will be swollen and bruised, and your care team will manage your pain with medication. To help prevent blood clots, you will be encouraged to move your ankles and feet and may wear compression boots. A physical therapist will show you how to perform gentle exercises, such as pendulum swings, to begin restoring motion while protecting the new joint. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_336642938-1024x683.jpg "WomanPuttingAnIcePackOnHerShoulderPain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Recovering at Home Your active participation is key to a successful recovery. Follow your team's instructions carefully. - **Wear your sling** as directed, often for several weeks. - **Manage pain** by taking medication as prescribed, before the pain becomes severe. - **Use ice** on your shoulder for 20 minutes several times a day. - **Keep your incision clean and dry** according to your surgeon's instructions. - **Perform your home exercises** consistently to regain motion and strength. - **Attend all follow-up appointments** so your surgeon can monitor your progress. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-13-2025-at-11_24_46-AM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 13 2025 at 11_24_46 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**The pendulum** is an exercise you may learn soon after surgery. Do this exercise as often as your therapist prescribes. To do it: Stand next to a table or other support. Bend slightly forward and hold on to the support with the hand of your unoperated arm. Let your operated arm hang down. Slowly swing the arm in a circle. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2364250033-1024x1024.jpg "shutterstock_2364250033 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### When to Call Your Surgeon Contact your surgeon's office immediately if you experience: - Fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, or chills. - Increasing redness, drainage, or swelling around the incision. - Pain that gets worse and is not relieved by your medication. - Sudden pain, swelling, or tenderness in your calf or leg. **Call 911 for any signs of a medical emergency, such as chest pain or difficulty breathing.** ## Living Well with Your New Shoulder Do not drive until your surgeon clears you to do so, and never drive while taking opioid pain medication. Your return to work will depend on the physical demands of your job. Let all healthcare providers, including your dentist, know you have a shoulder replacement. You may need to take antibiotics before certain procedures to prevent infection. With proper care and by avoiding high-impact activities, your new shoulder can provide you with years of pain relief and improved function. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2356618091.jpg "PortraitOfHappyLoveAsianGrandmotherAndAsianCuteGirl - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Quick Summary - Follow all pre-operative instructions carefully. - Arrange for support at home before your surgery. - Commit to your physical therapy and home exercise program. - Keep all your follow-up appointments with your surgical team. Shoulder replacement can relieve pain and help you return to the activities you enjoy. By sharing your goals with your team and taking an active role in your care, you can work toward the best possible result. --- ### [Shoulder Impingement: Relief, Rehab, Recovery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-shoulder-impingement) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ## Shoulder Impingement at a Glance ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2409295097-1024x683.jpg "RearViewOfAnHispanicYoungWomanPracticingAGood - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") If lifting your arm brings on a sharp pain in your shoulder, you might be dealing with shoulder impingement. Many people use the terms bursitis or tendinitis to describe this problem. All three involve irritation in the small space above the upper arm bone where tissues can get pinched. Impingement often develops from repetitive overhead activity. With the right care plan, you can reduce pain, regain function, and learn how to prevent flare-ups. ## Your Quick Action Checklist - Notice key symptoms like pain with overhead reach or at night. - See a healthcare provider for a shoulder exam and any needed tests. - Protect your shoulder with active rest, better posture, and smarter movement. - Use ice, heat, and medication as directed to control pain. - Restore motion with gentle stretches, then build strength safely. - Discuss injections or surgery if symptoms persist, and maintain a long-term prevention plan. ## Common Symptoms Impingement usually feels like pain, pinching, or stiffness in the shoulder. Discomfort often increases when you reach overhead, lift, or rotate your arm. You may also feel pain when resting, especially when lying on the affected shoulder or trying to sleep. ## Why It Happens ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2262315979-1024x683.jpg "WorkerMakeRepairsInNewApartmentManPlasterWallsAnd - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Shoulder impingement is commonly caused by repeated overhead movements. Activities that can contribute include: - Stocking high shelves - Painting or carpentry - Swimming, tennis, softball, and other overhead sports - Weekend home repair projects Sometimes it develops after many years of normal use. Certain bone shapes or conditions can narrow the space in the shoulder and make symptoms more likely. ## How Doctors Diagnose It Your healthcare provider will examine your shoulder and may use a few simple tests to confirm a diagnosis: - **Impingement Sign Test:** Your provider gently raises and guides your arm, asking you to report when the movement becomes painful. - **Imaging Tests:** X-rays, ultrasound, or an MRI can create detailed pictures of the shoulder to show if bone shape is a contributing factor and to rule out other causes of pain. - **Strength Testing:** Your provider may apply light pressure while you resist with your arms in various positions to check muscle strength. - **Other Targeted Tests:** Additional physical maneuvers may be used to confirm impingement. Your provider will explain what each one checks. ![dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 30 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_John_Turner-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-30-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 30 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Know Your Shoulder Basics Your shoulder is a team of bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons that work together so you can reach, swing, and lift. The joint forms where the humerus (upper arm bone) meets the scapula (shoulder blade). At the top of the shoulder blade are two small bony areas called the acromion and the coracoid process. Muscles and ligaments connect and stabilize these structures. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2163383415-1024x951.jpg "shutterstock_2163383415 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### The Subacromial Space Between the top of the humerus and the acromion is a narrow area called the subacromial space. This space contains the rotator cuff tendons and a thin, slippery sac called the bursa that cushions movement. When you raise your arm, this space becomes tighter. Irritation or swelling can crowd this area and lead to impingement. ## How Impingement Starts Impingement occurs when the subacromial space becomes too small for tissues to glide freely. Swelling from irritation makes structures take up more room, which squeezes the tendons or bursa and causes pain. Symptoms often progress gradually, so many people do not notice a problem until pain interferes with daily tasks. ### Overuse and Inflammation Constant use can irritate the bursa and the rotator cuff tendons. Your body responds by sending extra blood to help, which creates swelling. As swelling increases, two issues can develop: - **Bursitis** is inflammation of the bursa. The bursa fills with fluid and puffs up, leaving less room for smooth movement. - **Tendinitis** is inflammation of the tendons. Thickened, swollen tendons further narrow the joint space. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2117421929-1024x796.jpg "ShoulderBursitisAsMedicalPainfulBursaInflammationOutlineDiagramLabeled - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Bone Shape and Other Factors ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-19-2025-at-03_58_23-PM.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 19 2025 at 03_58_23 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-19-2025-at-03_57_21-PM.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 19 2025 at 03_57_21 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") The acromion can be naturally flat or more hooked. A hooked shape makes the subacromial space smaller and can increase the chance of impingement. Bone spurs, which are small bony growths, can also narrow the area. Poor posture and weak supporting muscles can add stress to the shoulder and worsen symptoms. ## Start Feeling Better Leaving impingement untreated can lead to more serious problems, such as thinning or tearing of rotator cuff tendons. Early steps like rest, activity changes, and guided exercises can calm the irritation and protect the shoulder. ## Rest the Shoulder the Right Way Rest is essential, but how you rest matters. If a movement causes pain, avoid it. Pushing through pain can slow healing. Use **active rest**: limit overhead motions and painful activities, yet keep the shoulder moving gently through pain-free ranges so it does not become stiff. ### Improve Posture and Setup - Keep your neck, shoulders, and hips in line to reduce strain. - Check your posture when sitting, standing, and lying down. Try to sleep on your back when possible. - Fit your workstation to your body. Place your monitor at eye level and adjust surfaces so you are not leaning or reaching. - Support your lower back. Slumping places extra stress on the shoulders. ## Use Your Shoulder Wisely Small changes in how you work and move can protect the shoulder and reduce overuse. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2422638323-1024x683.jpg "StrongMaleGardenerPushingWheelbarrowWhileWorkingInGardenIn - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Position Your Body - Keep frequently used items within easy reach to avoid stretching or twisting. - Avoid tasks that require your elbow to stay above shoulder height for long periods. - Use a stool or stepladder to bring yourself closer to overhead work and limit awkward reaching. ### Change Tasks and Pace - Vary your activities during the day and limit time spent on any single overhead task. - Give your shoulder time to recover between higher-stress activities. - If a task brings on pain, stop, rest your shoulder, and switch to something else if possible. ### Limit Force and Strain - Cut back on heavy lifting, pushing, and pulling. Ask for help or use equipment like dollies. - Choose tools that let you use the least amount of force for the job. - Rest before repeating high-force tasks. The more often you repeat a strenuous motion, the higher the injury risk. ## Pain Relief Options There are several ways to ease pain while your shoulder heals. Your provider will help you tailor a plan to your needs. Everyone responds differently, so you may need to try more than one option. ### Ice ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_336642938-1024x683.jpg "WomanPuttingAnIcePackOnHerShoulderPain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Ice reduces inflammation and calms pain. Apply an ice pack wrapped in a thin towel for 15-20 minutes, two or three times per day. Do not apply ice directly to the skin. ### Heat ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2598033997-1024x792.jpg "shutterstock_2598033997 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Heat can relax tight, aching muscles, but it does not reduce swelling. A heating pad or warm shower for 10-15 minutes works best before activity as part of a gentle warmup. Avoid heat if you have significant swelling or constant pain. ### Injection Therapy A targeted injection of anesthetic and cortisone can reduce pain and swelling, which also helps confirm the diagnosis. Your shoulder may feel sore for a day or two before the cortisone takes full effect. Talk with your provider about the risks and benefits. ### Medication Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory pain relievers may be recommended. Your provider may also prescribe medication. Follow instructions closely. ### Ultrasound ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2230768637.jpg "shutterstock_2230768637 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Therapeutic ultrasound sends sound waves into soft tissues. The gentle warming can reduce pain and may support healing as part of a physical therapy program. ### Electrical Stimulation Mild electrical stimulation (TENS) can help ease pain and swelling. Small pads are placed on your skin to deliver a low current. You may feel a tingling sensation, but it should not be painful. ## Improve Flexibility Gentle stretching helps restore a pain-free range of motion. Breathe normally and move smoothly without forcing any movement. If your instructions from a provider differ, follow their guidance. ### Broom Stretch - Stand or lie on your back. Hold a broomstick or cane with both hands. - Use your good arm to gently push the stick, raising your injured arm up as high as is comfortable. - Hold for 10-30 seconds, then return to the start. - Repeat 3 to 5 times. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-13-2025-at-11_52_53-AM.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 13 2025 at 11_52_53 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Back Scratcher Stretch - Drape a towel over your good shoulder. - Reach behind your back with your injured-side hand and grab the lower end of the towel. - Gently pull up on the towel with your good arm, sliding the hand behind your back upward until you feel a stretch. - Hold for 10-30 seconds. - Repeat 3 to 5 times. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Fracture-13-819x1024.png "Fracture-13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Pendulum Exercise - Lean forward slightly, supporting yourself on a table with your good arm. Let the injured arm hang down relaxed. - Gently swing the arm in small circles (20 times clockwise, 20 times counter-clockwise). - Next, swing the arm forward-and-back (20 times) and side-to-side (20 times). - Perform this routine up to three times per day. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-13-2025-at-11_24_46-AM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 13 2025 at 11_24_46 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Wall Walk Exercise - Stand about two feet away from the wall. - Raise your arm to shoulder level, fingers touching the wall. - Gently walk your fingers up the wall as high as you can without pain. - Hold for 10 seconds, then walk your fingers back down. - Repeat 3-5 times. Only perform this exercise if your healthcare provider advises. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-13-2025-at-11_58_45-AM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 13 2025 at 11_58_45 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Build Strength Safely Strengthening improves shoulder stability and supports the joint. Warm up with stretching first. Your provider or physical therapist will advise you on the right resistance. ### Internal Rotation with Band - Secure an exercise band in a doorway at elbow height. - Stand with your injured side closest to the door. Keep your elbow tucked at your side, bent at a 90-degree angle. - Gently pull the band across your body. - Slowly return to the start. Repeat 10 to 15 times. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2208330753-1024x1024.jpg "WomanDoingExternalCableShoulderRotationPostureForExerciseIn - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### External Rotation with Band - Secure an exercise band in a doorway at elbow height. - Stand with your uninjured side closest to the door. Keep your elbow tucked at your side, bent at a 90-degree angle. - Gently pull the band outward, away from your body. - Slowly return to the start. Repeat 10 to 15 times. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_1992470639-1024x1024.jpg "ManDoingExternalCableShoulderRotationExerciseFlatVectorIllustration - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Wall Pushup - Stand an arm's length from a wall. Place your palms on the wall, shoulder-width apart. - Keeping your back straight, bend your elbows and lean in toward the wall. - Push back to the starting position. - Work up to 10 to 15 repetitions. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2195478123-1024x709.jpg "SportWomenDoingExerciseWithWallPushUpPlusPosture - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Side Raises - Stand with your arms down and at your sides. Hold one weight in each hand. - Keep your elbows straight with your thumbs pointing down. Lift your arms up and away from your sides. Don't lift your wrists higher than shoulder level. - Slowly lower your arms to the starting position. Repeat. - Note: Biold up to 5 to 15 lifts. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2032680152-1024x1024.jpg "WomanDoingLateralSideShoulderDumbbellRaisesPowerPartialsExercise - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## When Surgery Is Considered Most people improve with active rest and a guided exercise program. If pain persists or function remains limited, surgery may be an option to create more space in the joint and allow pain-free motion. ### Surgery for Shoulder Impingement The goal of surgery is to perform a subacromial decompression. A swollen bursa may be removed, a tight ligament can be released, or part of the acromion may be trimmed if it is hooked or has bone spurs. Surgery is performed in one of two ways: - **Arthroscopy:** A surgeon uses a small camera and instruments inserted through several small incisions. - **Open Surgery:** A surgeon uses one larger incision to work directly inside the shoulder. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Screenshot-2025-11-19-at-42733-PM-1024x638.png "Screenshot 2025-11-19 at 42733 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Risks and Possible Complications Risks are similar to other surgeries and include infection, injury to nearby nerves or blood vessels, stiffness, and ongoing pain. ## Before and After Surgery **Before Surgery:** Follow your surgeon's instructions about which medications to stop, and when to stop eating or drinking. Arrange for an adult to drive you home. **After Surgery:** You will receive medication to manage discomfort. You may go home the same day or stay overnight. Ask about self-care before you leave, including how to use a sling, take medications, and apply ice. Full recovery can take a few months. **Call your doctor if you notice any of the following:** - Excessive pain, swelling, or drainage from the wound - Numbness in your fingers or hand lasting longer than 48 hours - Increased redness around an incision - Fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher ![dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 27 edit](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Dr_John_Turner-2025-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapy-New-Jersey-Orthopedics-27-edit-1024x683.jpg "dr john turner 2025 princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapy new jersey orthopedics 27 edit - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Quick Summary Whether you have surgery or not, a consistent self-care program protects your shoulder. Keep up with your stretches and strengthening exercises as directed by your healthcare provider or physical therapist. As symptoms improve, you can return to your usual routine with more comfort and confidence. --- ### [Meniscus Tears and Arthroscopic Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-meniscus-tears-and-surgery) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ## Understanding Meniscus Tears and Your Treatment Options The meniscus is a C-shaped wedge of tough, rubbery cartilage that acts as a shock absorber between your shinbone (tibia) and thighbone (femur). You have two menisci in each knee—one on the inner (medial) side and one on the outer (lateral) side. They help cushion the joint, distribute weight, and provide stability. When the meniscus tears, you might experience pain, swelling, stiffness, or a locking or catching sensation in your knee. While some people can still walk after a tear, significant or untreated tears can limit your daily life and lead to other knee problems over time. Fortunately, many treatment options are available, from nonsurgical care to minimally invasive arthroscopic surgery. This guide will help you understand your condition and partner with your surgeon to choose the best path forward. Here's what you need to know: - Get a complete knee evaluation - Try nonsurgical care before surgery - Discuss the benefits, risks, and your personal goals - Understand how arthroscopic surgery works - Prepare for surgery day and anesthesia - Follow recovery, therapy, and safety steps - Know when to call your surgeon ## How a Healthy Meniscus Works ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/healthy-meniscus-poa-1024x724.jpg "healthy-meniscus-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") A healthy meniscus distributes weight across the knee joint and absorbs shock during activities such as walking, squatting, and sports. It works together with the articular cartilage lining the bones and the ligaments that stabilize your knee. Most of the meniscus has a limited blood supply, which affects its ability to heal on its own. Only the outer one-third, often called the "red zone," receives enough blood to support natural repair. Tears in the inner two-thirds (the "white zone") have less healing capacity without surgical intervention. ### Common Meniscus Tear Patterns Meniscus tears can happen from a sudden twist during sports or from degenerative changes related to aging and everyday wear. Tears are classified by their appearance and location. Common patterns include: ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-meniscus-tear-types.png "poa meniscus tear types - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- **Bucket handle tear:** A large, longitudinal tear where a portion of the meniscus flips into the joint like a bucket handle. - **Flap tear:** A piece of the meniscus is torn and creates a flap that can catch in the joint. - **Peripheral tear:** A tear located near the outer rim, often in the well-vascularized "red zone." - **Degenerative or complex tear:** A combination of tear patterns, often with frayed edges, is common in older adults. ## Evaluating Your Knee and Deciding on Treatment ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-knee-doctor.jpg "SeniorManHasKneePainProblemElderlyGrandfatherVisitingMale - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Your Knee Evaluation An orthopedic surgeon will begin by discussing your symptoms, activity level, and medical history. They will perform a physical examination of your knee to check for tenderness, range of motion, swelling, and stability. To get a clear picture of the meniscus and other structures in your knee, imaging tests like an X-ray or MRI may be ordered. ### Considering Nonsurgical Treatment First Many meniscus tears improve with simple, nonsurgical steps. This conservative approach often includes: - **Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation (RICE):** Reducing activity and using ice and compression to manage pain and swelling. - **Medications:** Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory drugs (like ibuprofen) can reduce pain. - **Physical Therapy:** Specific exercises can strengthen the muscles around the knee to support and stabilize the joint. - **Injections:** Corticosteroid injections can help reduce inflammation and pain. ### Is Arthroscopic Surgery Right for You? If your symptoms continue to limit your daily life despite nonsurgical treatment, surgery may be the next step. Before choosing surgery, it's crucial to understand the expected benefits and potential risks for your specific situation. Discuss your goals with your surgeon and ask what to expect during preparation and recovery. Being well-informed helps you make a confident decision. ## What to Expect from Arthroscopic Meniscus Surgery Meniscus surgery is typically performed using arthroscopy, a minimally invasive technique that allows the surgeon to treat the joint through small incisions called portals. Most patients can go home the same day. ### Preparing for Surgery Day You will receive detailed instructions, including when to stop eating and drinking. At the hospital, an IV will be placed in your arm for fluids and medication. As a safety measure, the surgical team will confirm your name, the procedure, and which knee is being operated on, and your surgeon will mark the correct knee. You will receive anesthesia so you do not feel pain during the procedure. This may be general anesthesia (where you are fully asleep) or regional anesthesia with sedation (where you are relaxed and sleepy). Your care team will monitor you closely throughout. ### The Surgical Procedure ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/knee-arhtroscope-poa.jpg "knee-arhtroscope-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") During the procedure, your surgeon makes a few small incisions around the knee. A slender, lighted camera called an arthroscope is inserted through one portal, sending a live video feed to a monitor. This allows the surgeon to see inside your knee clearly. Tiny surgical instruments are passed through other portals to repair or remove the torn tissue. Sterile fluid is used to gently expand the knee joint for better visibility and access. ### Repairing vs. Removing Torn Tissue Your surgeon will choose the best approach based on the tear's size, type, and location, aiming to preserve as much healthy meniscus tissue as possible. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tear-1-poa.jpg "tear-1-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - **Partial Meniscectomy (Trimming):** This is the most common procedure. The surgeon trims and removes the damaged, unstable portion of the meniscus, leaving a smooth, stable rim. This helps reduce catching and irritation. The meniscus does not grow back, so only the smallest amount necessary is removed. - **Meniscus Repair:** If a tear is located in the outer, blood-rich "red zone," it may be possible to repair it. The torn edges are held together with stitches (sutures) or special fasteners to allow the tissue to heal. Recovery after a repair is typically longer and involves more restrictions to protect the healing tissue. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/tear-2-poa.jpg "tear-2-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Your Recovery Journey ### Immediately After Surgery Your incisions will be closed with stitches, surgical tape, or staples and covered with a dressing. You will rest in a recovery area while the care team monitors your comfort and circulation. A nurse or physical therapist will help you stand and move safely before you go home. You may be given crutches and a knee brace for support, along with clear instructions on how much weight you can put on your leg. ### Potential Risks and Complications All surgeries have risks. While complications from meniscus surgery are uncommon, they can include infection, blood clots, stiffness, and, rarely, injury to nearby blood vessels or nerves. Your team will take steps to minimize these risks and explain the warning signs to watch for. ### Caring for Yourself at Home A successful outcome depends heavily on your active participation in recovery. Follow these key steps: - **Elevate your leg:** Rest with your leg raised above the level of your heart to limit swelling. - **Use ice:** Apply an ice pack for 15-20 minutes at a time, several times a day. Place a thin cloth between the ice and your skin. - **Manage pain:** Take pain medication only as prescribed by your doctor. - **Care for incisions:** Keep your incisions clean and dry as instructed. - **Use assistive devices:** If you are given a brace or crutches, use them exactly as directed to protect your knee. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ice-knee-poa.jpg "InjuredWomanHoldingIcePackBagForCoolingDown - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Physical Therapy: Rebuilding Strength and Motion Physical therapy is essential for restoring knee motion, strength, and function. Your therapist will create a personalized plan and guide you through safe exercises. Stop any exercise that causes sharp or worsening pain and inform your therapist. #### Sample Exercises ### Straight Leg Raises Lie on your back with your unoperated leg bent. Keeping your operated leg perfectly straight, tighten your thigh muscle and slowly lift your leg 8 to 12 inches off the surface. Hold for 5 seconds, then slowly lower it. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/straight-leg-raise-1024x869.png "straight-leg-raise - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Quadriceps Sets Lie on your back with your leg straight. Tighten the large muscle on the front of your thigh (quadriceps) and press the back of your knee down into the bed. Hold for 5-10 seconds, then relax. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-quad-set-1024x869.png "poa-quad-set - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - **Quadriceps Sets:** While lying down, tighten your thigh muscles and gently press the back of your knee toward the floor. Hold for 5-10 seconds, then relax. - **Straight Leg Raises:** Lie on your back with your non-operated knee bent. Keeping your operated leg straight, tighten your thigh muscle and lift the leg 8-12 inches off the floor. Hold for 5 seconds, then lower slowly. ### Learning to Use Crutches Safely If you need crutches, follow your surgeon's or therapist's instructions. When walking, remember to support your weight with your hands and arms, not your armpits, to avoid nerve pressure. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/crutches-poa.jpg "CloseUpViewManWithCrutchesIsInThePark - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - Move both crutches and your operated leg forward together. - Lightly touch your foot to the ground between the crutches (if weight-bearing is allowed). - Step through with your non-operated leg, landing it about a foot in front of the crutches. - Shift your weight and repeat the pattern. ## Your Surgery Checklist ### Before Surgery: - Tell your surgeon about all medications, herbs, and supplements you take. - Follow all instructions on when to stop eating and drinking. - If you smoke, talk with your surgeon about quitting, as smoking can impair healing. - Arrange for a responsible adult to drive you home after your procedure. ### After Surgery: - Rest with your leg elevated and use ice as directed. - Care for your incisions properly. Ask when you can shower. - Attend all follow-up appointments. - Commit to your physical therapy exercises. - Ask your surgeon when you can safely return to work, driving, and other activities. ## When to Call Your Surgeon Contact your surgeon's office immediately if you experience any of the following: - Fever of 100.4° F (38° C) or higher - Sharp or worsening pain not controlled by medication - Increasing redness, warmth, swelling, or drainage from the incisions - New or worsening swelling and tenderness in your calf muscle ## Quick Summary - Arthroscopic meniscus surgery can significantly reduce pain, improve knee function, and help you return to the activities you enjoy. - A successful outcome starts with a strong partnership between you and your surgeon. - Be sure to discuss your goals and ask questions at every visit to ensure you are making informed decisions together. --- ### [Lumbar Epidural Injections: What to Expect](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-lumbar-epidural) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ## Quick-Start Checklist - Understand what a lumbar epidural injection does and how it can help manage pain. - Prepare ahead: review medications, follow fasting instructions, bring imaging, and arrange a ride home. - Know the steps involved during the procedure and be aware of common side effects. - Follow early recovery tips and watch for any warning signs that require a call to your doctor. - Use simple exercises and proper body mechanics to protect your back during and after recovery. - Stay in touch with your provider and build healthy habits for long-term back health. ## What Is a Lumbar Epidural Injection? A lumbar epidural injection delivers medicine directly to your lower back to help reduce inflammation—the swelling and irritation that can occur around spinal nerves. By calming this inflammation, the injection can ease pain in the low back, buttock, or leg. In some cases, the injection also serves as a diagnostic tool, helping your provider confirm the precise source of your pain. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/back-pain.jpg "BusinessManBackPainAndStressWithInjuryBadPosture - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### How Injections Can Ease Pain While this treatment may not eliminate all pain for every person, it often lowers pain and inflammation enough to break the cycle of pain and immobility. When pain limits your activity, healing can slow down, and muscles can weaken. Reducing pain can help you move more comfortably, participate in physical therapy, and support your overall recovery. The level of relief varies from person to person. Some people may need more than one injection to experience meaningful improvement. Your provider will work with you to determine the best treatment plan for your specific needs. ### Using Injections to Find the Pain Source An injection can also be used for diagnosis. In a procedure known as a selective nerve block, medicine is used to briefly numb one or more specific spinal nerves. If your pain improves significantly after the injection, it confirms that the targeted nerve area is likely involved in your pain. If there is no change, your pain may be coming from another part of your spine or a different area of your body entirely. ## Your Lower Back Understanding a few basics can make the procedure feel less overwhelming. Your lower back, or lumbar spine, is made of a stack of bones called vertebrae. These are separated by soft, cushion-like disks. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2203546583-1024x717.jpg "VertebraeSpinalCordAnatomyInfographicsWithSetOfIsolatedScientific - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - **Spinal Canal:** Inside the stack of vertebrae is a tunnel called the spinal canal, which houses the spinal nerves. - **Nerve Roots:** Nerves exit the spinal canal as nerve roots. When a disk is injured or tissue becomes inflamed, these nerve roots can become irritated, causing back, buttock, or leg pain. - **Sciatic Nerve:** The sciatic nerve is a large nerve formed from several lumbar nerve roots that runs down the back of each leg. When the nerve roots that form the sciatic nerve are inflamed, you may feel a traveling pain known as sciatica. - **Epidural Space:** This is the area that surrounds the nerves inside the spinal canal. For broad pain relief, medicine is placed here. For more targeted treatment, medicine may be placed around a specific nerve root. ## Preparing for Your Appointment Good preparation helps ensure your procedure day goes smoothly. Follow these steps: ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-medicine.jpg "BottleWithDifferentPillsTopViewConceptOfDrugsTreatment - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- **Review Your Medications:** Place all your medicines—including prescriptions, over-the-counter products, vitamins, and supplements—in a bag and bring them with you. Tell your provider if you use aspirin, anti-inflammatory drugs (like ibuprofen), or blood thinners, as you may be asked to pause them before the injection. - **Fasting:** Ask your provider whether you should stop eating or drinking before your visit and for how long. - **Arrange a Ride:** You will need an adult family member or friend to drive you home after the procedure. - **Bring Imaging:** If you have recent X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs from other clinics, bring them with you so your care team has a complete picture of your health. ## The Day of the Procedure ### Checking In When you arrive, you will sign consent forms and may complete short surveys about your pain. Your provider might perform a brief physical exam. An IV line may be placed in your arm so that fluids or medication can be given if needed. ### Risks and Possible Complications Complications are uncommon, but it is important to be aware of the risks. These can include infection, bleeding, a spinal fluid leak causing a spinal headache, nausea, or nerve injury. Your provider will discuss any specific risks related to your condition and answer your questions. ### What Happens During the Injection You may receive medicine through the IV to help you relax. Monitors will be placed to track your heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure. You will lie on your stomach or side on a procedure table. Your lower back will be cleaned with an antiseptic and covered with sterile towels. A local anesthetic is used to numb the skin at the injection site. Using fluoroscopy (a real-time X-ray) for guidance, the provider will carefully guide the epidural needle to the target area. A small amount of contrast dye may be injected to confirm the medicine will reach the correct spot. Finally, a local anesthetic for numbing, a corticosteroid to reduce inflammation, or both, will be injected into the epidural space or around the specific nerve root. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/epidural-1024x669.jpg "epidural - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## After the Injection ### Immediate Recovery ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/in-bed-hospital.jpg "MalePatientInHospitalBedUsingCellphone - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")You will rest in a recovery area for up to an hour for observation. Before you leave, you may be asked to complete another short pain survey. Some temporary side effects can occur, but they usually fade within a few days. These may include a temporary increase in pain, headache, flushing, or trouble sleeping. Steroid injections can also cause a temporary rise in blood sugar levels. ### Care at Home ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/help-walking.jpg "RehabilitiationYoungManInJeansHelpingHisMomToWalk - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Gentle walking is encouraged, but avoid strenuous activity for the first day or two. Even if you feel better right away, do not perform tasks that could strain your back. Remember, a diagnostic injection may provide only brief pain relief, while a therapeutic injection can take up to two weeks to reach its full effect. It is common to feel more pain at first, followed by gradual improvement. - Take short walks as you are able. - Rest when needed, but try to stand and move every 30 minutes. - Use an ice pack wrapped in a thin towel for 15-20 minutes at a time for comfort. - Do not drive until your provider says it is safe. - Return to work or usual activities only when cleared by your provider. ## Build Strength and Protect Your Back Once your provider says it is safe, gentle exercises and good body mechanics can help prevent pain from returning. Body mechanics refers to how you stand, sit, and move during daily tasks. Stop if you feel new or lasting pain during exercise and contact your provider. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/pelvic-tilt.png "pelvic-tilt - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Pelvic Tilt - Lie on your back with your knees bent and feet flat on the floor. - Tighten your stomach and buttock muscles to gently press your low back into the floor. - Hold for 5 seconds, then relax. Repeat 10 times, twice a day. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-partial-situp.png "poa-partial-situp - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Partial Sit-Up - Lie on your back with your knees bent, feet flat, and arms crossed over your chest. - Slowly raise your head and shoulders off the floor, keeping your low back pressed down. - Hold for 5 seconds, then slowly lower back down. Repeat 10 times, twice a day. ### How to Lift Safely - Stand close to the object you plan to lift. - Bend at your hips and knees, not your waist. Keep your back straight. - Hold the object close to your body as you lift. - Use the strength in your legs to press up, not your back. - Do not twist your body while lifting. ## Quick Summary ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/feeling-good-old-lady.jpg "HappySeniorWomanAndFlowersOnPatioForDecorationNatural - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Your injection is one part of a larger plan for your back health. Keep talking with your provider about how you feel and what matters most to you. Simple lifestyle habits can also support your progress and reduce future flare-ups: - **Quit Smoking:** Smoking is linked to a higher risk of low back problems. - **Healthy Diet:** Manage your weight with a balanced, low-fat, high-fiber diet. - **Manage Stress:** Use tools like deep breathing, stretching, or short walks. - **Stay Active:** Even light, regular walking can improve flexibility and strength. - **Practice Good Posture:** Be mindful of your back when you reach, bend, and lift. --- ### [Knee Replacement Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-guide-to-knee-replacement-surgery) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** # A Patient's Guide to Knee Replacement Surgery ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-knee-graphic.jpg "CropCloseUpOfAfricanAmericanWomanStruggleWithAcute - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## What You'll Learn in This Guide Knee replacement surgery is a major decision, but it can provide significant relief from chronic pain and stiffness. This guide will walk you through the entire process, from understanding your pain to navigating a successful recovery. - Why do knees become painful and stiff - Nonsurgical and surgical treatment options - How to prepare your home, body, and medications before surgery - What happens during the procedure and in the hours that follow - Key steps to prevent complications and start therapy safely - Recovery exercises and movements to avoid - Warning signs to watch for and when to contact your surgeon ## Why Your Knee May Hurt You use your knee with every step, so damage to this crucial joint can make everyday life difficult. Climbing stairs, getting up from a chair, or walking a few blocks can become painful and frustrating. The good news is that many people find relief with the right care, including knee replacement when it's the best option. Knee problems often develop slowly over time. Pain and stiffness can limit activities you enjoy and make daily tasks harder. Common causes include: - **Osteoarthritis:** The gradual wear and tear of joint cartilage from years of use. - **Inflammatory arthritis:** Long-term diseases like rheumatoid arthritis or gout that inflame the joint lining. - **Post-traumatic arthritis:** Joint damage that develops after a prior injury that did not heal properly. ### How a Healthy Knee Works The knee is a hinge joint where the thighbone (femur) meets the shinbone (tibia). In a healthy joint, several parts work together to provide smooth, comfortable movement, allowing you to bend, straighten, squat, and turn without pain. - **Cartilage:** A smooth, slippery cushion covering bone ends and the underside of the kneecap that lets the joint glide and absorbs stress. - **Ligaments:** Tough bands of tissue that hold the bones together and keep the knee stable. - **Muscles:** The quadriceps and hamstrings, which power movement. - **Tendons:** Strong cords that attach muscles to bones. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa_knee-structure-arhtrscopy-image-1-1024x846.jpg "HumanKneeJointAnatomyLigamentsOfTheKneeAnteriorAnd - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### What Happens When the Knee Is Damaged When cartilage wears down, it cannot fully repair itself. Stiffness may appear first, followed by pain as roughened bone surfaces rub together. This can lead to swelling, catching, grinding, or a constant ache, even at rest. - **In osteoarthritis,** cartilage thins with age and use, leading to irritation of bone surfaces. Excess body weight or alignment issues, such as bowlegs or knock knees, increase joint stress and can accelerate wear. - **In inflammatory arthritis,** conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis cause chronic inflammation of the joint lining, which can erode cartilage and lead to joint stiffness. - **In post-traumatic arthritis,** a previous fracture or injury may heal out of alignment, creating uneven pressure that wears down cartilage more quickly. #### Osteoarthritis In osteoarthritis, the smooth articular cartilage gradually wears away, leading to friction between bones. It is often linked to aging, previous injuries, or excess body weight. Common signs include: ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/knee-asteoartritis-poa.jpg "knee-asteoartritis-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") #### Inflammatory Arthritis A long-term condition—such as rheumatoid arthritis or gout—can lead to swelling and warmth (inflammation) in the joint lining. Over time, this can wear away the cartilage and cause the joint to become stiff. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/inflamed-joint-lining.png "inflamed-joint-lining - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") #### Post-Traumatic Arthritis A previous fracture or injury may heal out of alignment, creating uneven pressure that wears down cartilage more quickly. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/old-injury-1.png "old-injury-1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-knee-injuries-1024x512.jpg "poa-knee-injuries - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Could Surgery Be Right for You? An orthopedic surgeon evaluates bone and joint problems. They will examine your knee, review your medical history, and order imaging tests like X-rays or an MRI to see how much damage is present. Together, you and your surgeon can decide what treatment best fits your goals. Knee replacement can offer meaningful benefits: - **Pain relief:** Most people experience a significant drop in pain within months. - **Stronger legs:** As pain eases, you can move more and rebuild muscle. - **Better daily function:** Routine tasks and low-impact activities become more comfortable. - **Long-lasting results:** Modern knee replacements often last 15 to 20 years or longer, depending on your age, weight, and activity level. ### Your Treatment Options Surgery is just one option. Your surgeon will likely suggest a stepwise plan and discuss the benefits and risks of each approach. - **Nonsurgical care:** This includes activity modifications, weight loss, physical therapy, bracing, injections, and medications. - **Other surgeries:** Procedures like arthroscopy (using a small camera to treat certain issues) or osteotomy (realigning the bone to reduce stress) may be considered. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2516999313.jpg "HappyActiveSeniorCoupleWalkingAndTalkingInThePark - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Preparing for a Successful Surgery Every surgery carries some risk. It's important to ask questions and understand what the procedure can and cannot do for you. Knowing how to prepare can lead to a smoother recovery. ### Risks and Complications Possible risks include: - Infection at the incision site or around the implant - Blood clots in the legs or lungs - Ongoing pain, stiffness, or instability - Injury to nearby nerves or blood vessels - Loosening or wear of the implant over time, which could require revision surgery - ### Prepare Your Home and Arrange Help A few changes at home can make recovery safer and easier. Reduce hazards and set up daily items within easy reach to limit bending and stair climbing. - Create a resting space on your main floor to avoid stairs. - Stock up on pantry staples and frozen meals, storing them between your waist and shoulder height. - Clear clutter, remove throw rugs, and secure loose electrical cords. You will not be able to drive for several weeks. Arrange for a family member or friend to help with transportation, groceries, and errands. If you live alone, plan for someone to stay with you for the first few days. ### Get Medical Clearance and Review Medications Before surgery, your primary care doctor will ensure you are ready. You may have an EKG, blood tests, and urine tests. Conditions like diabetes or high blood pressure must be well-managed to reduce risk. If you smoke, quitting before surgery significantly lowers complications and improves healing. Tell your surgeon about all medications and supplements you take. Some, like blood thinners, aspirin, or ibuprofen, increase bleeding and must be paused with your doctor's guidance. Additionally, it is critical to complete any major dental work before surgery, as bacteria from your mouth can travel through the bloodstream and infect a new joint. ## The Day of Surgery: What to Expect Follow all instructions about eating and drinking before your procedure. When you arrive for surgery, you will be guided through the final steps. You will meet the anesthesiologist, who will keep you comfortable during surgery. An IV line will be started to give you fluids and medicine. For your safety, the team will confirm your name, the procedure, and which knee is being operated on, marking it with a pen. ### Inside the Operating Room An incision is made on the front of the knee. The surgeon removes the damaged bone and cartilage surfaces and shapes the remaining bone to fit the new implant, called a prosthesis. The components are secured to the thighbone, shinbone, and kneecap to create a new, smooth-gliding joint. The incision is then closed with stitches, staples, or surgical glue. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/knee-replacements-1024x1024.jpg "knee-replacements - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Your Recovery Journey ### Right After Surgery You will wake up in a recovery area where your team will monitor you closely and manage your pain. When you are fully awake, you will be moved to a hospital room. A physical therapist will see you soon after, often within hours, to begin gentle movements and help you stand and walk with a walker or crutches. ### Protect Your Lungs and Circulation To prevent lung complications, it's important to practice deep breathing and coughing. A nurse may give you an incentive spirometer, a device to encourage deep breaths. To reduce the risk of blood clots, you will likely receive blood thinners and wear compression stockings or boots. Simple foot and ankle exercises also help, and short, frequent walks are encouraged as soon as it is safe. ### Build Strength with Physical Therapy Your therapy program is essential for a good outcome. Early exercises focus on improving blood flow, managing swelling, and activating the quadriceps muscles that support the knee. Be sure to follow your home exercise program as instructed. ![new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 87](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/New-Jersey-Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapists-87-1024x683.jpg "new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 87 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") #### Recovery Exercises ##### Quadriceps Sets Lie on your back with your leg straight. Tighten the large muscle on the front of your thigh (quadriceps) and press the back of your knee down into the bed. Hold for 5-10 seconds, then relax. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-quad-set-1024x869.png "poa-quad-set - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ##### Sitting Knee Bends Sit in a chair with a towel placed under your new knee joint. Slowly straighten your leg as much as you can and hold for a count of 5. Then bend your leg back as far as you can and hold again for a count of 5. Repeat this sequence as directed. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/sitting-knew-bend-1024x1024.jpg "sitting-knew-bend - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Getting Back to Your Routine Expect some stiffness at first. Daily walking is key to rebuilding strength and motion. Many people can drive and return to a desk job within four to six weeks, depending on their surgeon's guidance. More physically demanding work may require three to four months of recovery. It can take six months or more to feel your best as strength and confidence grow. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-woman-old-moving-back-sheet.jpg "GlassesOldManAndOldWomanSmilingWhileStandingAnd - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Moves to Limit or Avoid Protect your new joint by avoiding actions that place too much stress on it: - Do not twist your knee; turn your whole body by moving your feet instead. - Avoid high-impact activities like running, jumping, and high-intensity sports. ## Quick Summary Knee replacement can offer lasting relief and a return to the activities you love. By preparing for surgery, following your recovery plan, and staying in touch with your care team, you can take an active role in achieving a successful outcome. --- ### [Common Knee Problems](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-common-knee-care) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ## When Your Knee Hurts ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-knee-ligament.jpg "PainAndDiscomfortFromKneeInjuryDuringMorningRunYoung - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Your knees are involved in nearly every move you make—walking, squatting, and even just sitting down. When they hurt, daily life can become a challenge. If you're experiencing knee pain, you're not alone, and effective help is available. This guide explains common knee problems, what causes them, and the steps you can take toward recovery. ### Common Symptoms to Watch For - **Pain:** Can range from a dull, persistent ache to a sharp, sudden pain. - **Swelling:** Caused by irritated tissues or fluid buildup in or around the joint. - **Instability:** A feeling of catching, locking, or giving way may point to a torn ligament or loose cartilage. - **Stiffness:** Limited motion that can result from injury, inflammation, or wear and tear. - **Noises:** Grinding, cracking, or popping sounds related to rough cartilage surfaces or other structures. Most knee issues can be improved without surgery. Many care plans focus on practical steps you can take at home and during everyday activities. Partner with your healthcare provider to create a plan that fits your life, goals, and activities. ## How Your Knee is Evaluated A thorough evaluation is key to pinpointing the cause of your pain and guiding treatment. Depending on the findings, your care team may include a physical therapist or an orthopedic surgeon. ### Medical History Your provider will ask where your knee hurts, how intense the pain is, and when it occurs. Be ready to share details about any injuries or events that might have triggered your symptoms, such as a twist, fall, or awkward landing. You'll also review your history of knee problems and your typical activity level, including sports or demanding work tasks. ### Physical Exam Your provider will check for tenderness, swelling, warmth, and bruising. They will move your knee through its range of motion to assess stability and function. You may be asked to walk, squat, or crouch to see how the joint performs under load. These findings help determine which tests or treatments are needed next. ### Diagnostic Tests - **Imaging Tests:** X-ray, MRI, or CT scans can provide detailed views of bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. - **Blood Tests:** Occasionally used to screen for or diagnose certain types of arthritis. - **Aspiration:** If infection, gout, or severe inflammation is suspected, a thin needle may be used to remove fluid from the knee for analysis. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-knee-doctor.jpg "SeniorManHasKneePainProblemElderlyGrandfatherVisitingMale - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Inside the Knee: A Quick Anatomy Tour The knee is the body's largest joint, designed to bend, straighten, and rotate thousands of times a day while bearing your body weight. Its complex design makes it powerful but also vulnerable to injury. ### Bones and Cartilage ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa_knee-structure-arhtrscopy-image-1-1024x846.jpg "HumanKneeJointAnatomyLigamentsOfTheKneeAnteriorAnd - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - **Bones:** The knee joint is formed where three bones meet: the **femur** (thighbone), **tibia** (shinbone), and **patella** (kneecap). The fibula, the smaller bone in the lower leg, is located next to the tibia but is not part of the main knee joint. - **Cartilage:** This smooth, tough tissue covers the ends of the bones, absorbing shock and allowing them to glide effortlessly. The knee has two key types: **articular cartilage** coats the joint surfaces, and the **meniscus** acts as a C-shaped, rubbery shock absorber between the femur and tibia. ### Soft Tissues That Stabilize and Move the Joint ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-knee-anatomy-1024x853.jpg "CollateralLigamentsWithKneeAnatomicalSkeletalStructureOutlineDiagramLabeled - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - **Ligaments:** These strong bands connect bone to bone, providing stability. Key ligaments include the ACL and PCL (inside the knee) and the MCL and LCL (along the sides). - **Tendons:** Tendons connect muscle to bone. The quadriceps tendon and patellar tendon work together to straighten the knee. - **Muscles:** The **quadriceps** (front of the thigh) and **hamstrings** (back of the thigh) are the primary muscles that power knee movement. - **Bursae:** These small, fluid-filled sacs reduce friction, allowing tendons and ligaments to glide smoothly. Common examples include the prepatellar bursa (in front of the kneecap) and the pes anserine bursa (on the inner side of the knee). ## Common Causes: Overuse and Wear Many knee problems develop from doing too much, too often, or too soon (overuse) or from gradual damage that accumulates over time (wear and tear). ### Osteoarthritis In osteoarthritis, the smooth articular cartilage gradually wears away, leading to bone-on-bone friction. It is often linked to aging, previous injuries, or excess body weight. Common signs include: - Pain after activity or after long periods of sitting. - Stiffness, especially in the morning. - Warmth, swelling, and grinding sensations. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/knee-asteoartritis-poa.jpg "knee-asteoartritis-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Bursitis Bursitis is the inflammation of a bursa, often caused by repetitive pressure or a direct blow. You might notice: - Pain with movement or when pressing on the area. - Visible, soft swelling. - Warmth and redness over the affected bursa. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-bursitis.jpg "poa-bursitis - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Runner's Knee (Patellofemoral Pain) This condition involves irritation of the cartilage beneath the kneecap or the surrounding soft tissues. It often develops from repetitive activities, misalignment of the kneecap, or muscle imbalances. Symptoms include: - Dull, aching pain in the front of the knee, especially with running, climbing stairs, or prolonged sitting. - Mild swelling or a grinding sensation. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/runners-knee.jpg "runners-knee - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Jumper's Knee (Patellar Tendonitis) This is an inflammation or injury to the patellar tendon, which connects the kneecap to the shinbone. It's common in sports involving frequent jumping. Symptoms include: - Pain directly below the kneecap. - Pain that worsens with activity like running or jumping. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/JUMPERS-KNEE-POA.jpg "JUMPERS-KNEE-POA - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Knee Injuries: Sudden Damage A sudden twist, an awkward landing, or a direct impact can cause acute injuries during sports or daily life. ### Meniscus Tears The meniscus can tear during forceful twisting motions or from degenerative wear over time. You may experience: - A "pop" at the time of injury. - Pain, swelling, and stiffness. - Locking, catching, or a feeling that the knee is giving way. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/TORN-MENISCUS-POA.jpg "TORN-MENISCUS-POA - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Dislocated Kneecap (Patellar Dislocation) The kneecap can slip out of its groove, often from a sudden change in direction or a direct blow. Signs include: - Severe pain and immediate swelling. - A visible deformity where the kneecap is out of place. - Difficulty straightening the knee. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/POA-KNEE-DISLOCATION-948x1024.jpg "POA-KNEE-DISLOCATION - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Ligament Sprains Ligaments can be stretched or torn. The most common sprains involve: - **MCL (Medial Collateral Ligament):** Often injured by a blow to the outer side of the knee. - **ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament):** Typically tears during a sudden pivot, stop, or change in direction. - Symptoms often include a popping sound, significant pain and swelling, and a feeling of instability or buckling. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ligaments-of-the-knee-poa-1024x853.jpg "ligaments of the knee poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-knee-injuries-1024x512.jpg "poa-knee-injuries - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Fractures and Joint Dislocations Severe trauma can cause a bone to break or the entire joint to dislocate (where the femur and tibia are forced out of alignment). These are medical emergencies requiring immediate attention and often surgery. Warning signs include severe pain, deformity, and inability to bear weight. ## Building Your Treatment Plan Many knee problems respond well to simple, conservative measures, especially when started early. Work with your provider to develop a plan that is right for you. ### Start with RICE - **Rest:** Avoid activities that cause pain to allow tissues to heal. - **Ice:** Apply a cold pack for 15-20 minutes every 2-4 hours to reduce pain and swelling. - **Compression:** Use an elastic wrap to control swelling, ensuring it's snug but not tight. - **Elevation:** Raise your knee above your heart whenever possible. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 132](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-132-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 132 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Medicines That May Help - **Oral Medicines:** Over-the-counter anti-inflammatories like ibuprofen or naproxen can reduce pain and swelling. Ask your provider what's safe for you. - **Injections:** Corticosteroid injections can calm inflammation, while hyaluronic acid can help lubricate the joint. - **Topical Treatments:** Creams or gels containing anti-inflammatory or pain-relieving ingredients can be applied directly to the skin. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 126](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-126-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 126 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Physical Therapy A physical therapist can design a personalized program to restore motion, build strength in the muscles supporting your knee, and improve function. Therapy may also include hands-on techniques and modalities to reduce pain. ### Procedures and Surgery If symptoms don't improve, your provider may discuss more advanced options: - **Arthroscopy:** A minimally invasive procedure using a small camera to diagnose and repair damaged tissues like a torn meniscus or ACL. - **Ligament Reconstruction:** A torn ligament (most commonly the ACL) is rebuilt using a graft from another tendon. - **Knee Replacement:** Damaged bone and cartilage surfaces are replaced with artificial components. This is a major surgery reserved for severe, end-stage arthritis. ## Knee Exercises: Stretch and Strengthen Safely The right exercises can help your knee heal, improve function, and lower the risk of future problems. Always get approval from your provider or physical therapist before starting a new routine. ### General Tips for Exercise ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-knee-arthro-work-out-1.jpg "SpinClassGymOrSeniorWomanOnBikeInWorkout - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- Warm up with 5-10 minutes of light cardio, like walking. - Start slowly and progress gradually. - Stop any exercise that causes sharp or worsening pain. ### Stretches *Talk with your provider about hold times and repetitions.* ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_1850399740-1024x1024.jpg "ManDoingStraightLegCalfStretchExerciseFlatVectorIllustration - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### Calf Stretch - Stand facing a wall with your hands on it for support. - Place the leg you want to stretch about a foot and a half behind your other leg, keeping both feet flat on the floor and pointing forward. - Bend your front knee while keeping your back leg straight until you feel a gentle stretch in your calf. - Hold for \[\_\_\] seconds. Repeat \[\_\_\] times. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2102840053-1024x1024.jpg "WomanDoingHamstringStretchExerciseFlatVectorIllustrationIsolatedOn - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### Hamstring Stretch - Lie on your back and loop a towel or strap around the foot of the leg you want to stretch. - Keeping the knee as straight as is comfortable, gently pull on the towel to lift your leg toward the ceiling until you feel a stretch in the back of your thigh. - Hold for \[\_\_\] seconds. Repeat \[\_\_\] times. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/quad-stretch-poa.png "quad-stretch-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### Quadriceps Stretch - Lie on your stomach or stand while holding onto something for balance. - Reach back and hold the ankle of the leg you want to stretch. - Gently pull your heel toward your buttock until you feel a stretch in the front of your thigh. - Hold for \[\_\_\] seconds. Repeat \[\_\_\] times. - ### Strengthening Exercises #### Quadriceps Sets Lie on your back with your leg straight. Tighten the large muscle on the front of your thigh (quadriceps) and press the back of your knee down into the bed. Hold for 5-10 seconds, then relax. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-quad-set-1024x869.png "poa-quad-set - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") #### Straight Leg Raises Lie on your back with your unoperated leg bent. Keeping your operated leg perfectly straight, tighten your thigh muscle and slowly lift your leg 8 to 12 inches off the surface. Hold for 5 seconds, then slowly lower it. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/straight-leg-raise-1024x869.png "straight-leg-raise - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/short-arc-quad-1.png "short-arc-quad - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### Short Arc Quad Lie on your back with a rolled-up towel under your injured knee so it’s slightly bent. Tighten your thigh muscle and slowly straighten your leg by lifting your foot until your knee is fully straight, keeping the back of your thigh on the towel. Hold for a few seconds, then slowly lower your foot back down. Repeat as many times as your physicians has asked you to. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/step-ups.png "step-ups - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### Step-Ups Lie on your back with a rolled-up towel under your injured knee so it’s slightly bent. Tighten your thigh muscle and slowly straighten your leg by lifting your foot until your knee is fully straight, keeping the back of your thigh on the towel. Hold for a few seconds, then slowly lower your foot back down. Repeat as many times as your physicians has asked you to. #### At the Gym You can also strengthen your knees at the gym. Try using the leg press to build your quadriceps and hamstrings, or the elliptical machine to work these and other lower-body muscles. If you’re new to these exercises, ask a trainer to show you proper form. ##### Leg Press ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-leg-press-1024x1024.jpg "WomanDoingLegPressExerciseOnMachineFlatVectorIllustration - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - To start, use the machine without weights. Sit on the machine with your head and back against the support. Place your feet flat on the footplate. Your knees should be bent at about a 45° to 60° angle. - Press your legs forward until they're almost straight. Relax. Slowly return halfway to the starting position, hold for \[\_\_\] seconds, and press forward again. Repeat \[\_\_\] times. Return the footplate to the start position. ##### Elliptical Machine ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/elliptical.png "elliptical - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - Adjust the machine to fit your size and range of movement. Maintain good posture: Keep your shoulders back, head up and slightly forward, and chin level. Tighten your abdominal muscles. Don't lean forward, put your weight on your hands, or grip the bars too tightly. - Push forward with 1 leg while sliding backward with the other. Exercise for \[\_\_\] minutes to start. Slowly increase the time you use the machine. **Note:** Don't pedal backward. It can be hard on your knees. ## Quick Summary ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-knee-graphic.jpg "CropCloseUpOfAfricanAmericanWomanStruggleWithAcute - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- **Stay Strong:** Continue with a regular strengthening and flexibility program. - **Warm Up:** Always warm up properly before sports or strenuous workouts. - **Maintain a Healthy Weight:** Reducing excess body weight significantly lowers the stress on your knee joints. - **Choose Smart Footwear:** Wear supportive shoes that are appropriate for your activity. - **Listen to Your Body:** Avoid activities that cause pain or swelling to flare up. If you've had surgery, follow your surgeon's guidance on returning to full activity. --- ### [Knee Arthroscopy: What To Expect And Prepare For](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-knee-arthroscopy-info) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** # A Guide to Knee Arthroscopy: Preparation, Procedure, and Recovery ## Understanding and Treating Your Knee Pain Your knees support you through every step of your life, so when pain, swelling, or instability begins to limit your daily activities, it's time to seek answers. If your symptoms persist, your orthopaedic surgeon may recommend knee arthroscopy—a minimally invasive procedure that allows surgeons to examine the inside of your knee joint to diagnose and treat problems without a large incision. Because arthroscopy uses small incisions, patients often experience less pain and a faster recovery compared to traditional open surgery. This guide will walk you through what to expect, from your initial diagnosis to your successful recovery at home. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-knee-graphic.jpg "CropCloseUpOfAfricanAmericanWomanStruggleWithAcute - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Diagnosing the Problem Before recommending surgery, your care team will pinpoint the source of your discomfort. This process typically involves a physical examination and advanced imaging studies. - **X-rays** provide clear images of the bones, revealing fractures or arthritis. - **An MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)** scan creates detailed pictures of soft tissues like cartilage, ligaments, and tendons. These tests help your surgeon understand the structures involved, which often include the meniscus, articular cartilage, or stabilizing ligaments like the ACL. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-knee-doctor.jpg "SeniorManHasKneePainProblemElderlyGrandfatherVisitingMale - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## A Quick Tour Inside Your Knee Your knee is a complex joint where the thigh bone (femur) meets the shin bone (tibia). Key structures include: - **Articular Cartilage:** This smooth, slippery tissue covers the ends of your bones, allowing them to glide effortlessly against each other. - **Meniscus:** Two C-shaped pads of cartilage sit between the femur and tibia, acting as shock absorbers and stabilizers. - **Ligaments:** Strong bands of tissue, including the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), connect the bones and prevent excessive movement. - **Patella:** The kneecap, which sits in a groove at the front of the femur. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa_knee-structure-arhtrscopy-image-1-1024x846.jpg "HumanKneeJointAnatomyLigamentsOfTheKneeAnteriorAnd - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Common Problems Treated with Arthroscopy Arthroscopy can address a variety of knee conditions, including: - **Meniscus Tears:** A sudden twist or repetitive squatting can tear the meniscus, causing pain, swelling, and a catching or locking sensation. The surgeon may trim the damaged portion (meniscectomy) or, if the tear is in an area with good blood supply, repair it with sutures. - **ACL Tears:** The anterior cruciate ligament is often injured during sports that involve sudden stops or changes in direction. A torn ACL can be reconstructed using a graft—a piece of healthy tissue taken from your own body or a donor—to restore stability. - **Cartilage Damage and Loose Bodies:** Worn or damaged articular cartilage can cause pain and grinding. Your surgeon can smooth the damaged surfaces or remove loose fragments of bone or cartilage that may be floating in the joint. - **Patella (Kneecap) Issues:** If the patella is misaligned due to tight tissues, it can cause pain and wear on the underlying cartilage. A surgeon may perform a "lateral release" to cut the tight tissues and allow the kneecap to track properly. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-knee-injuries-1024x512.jpg "poa-knee-injuries - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Is Arthroscopy Right for You? Deciding on surgery is a collaborative process between you and your surgeon. Non-surgical options like physical therapy, medications, or bracing may be tried first. If these treatments don't provide relief, or if imaging shows a clear mechanical problem, arthroscopy may be the best path forward. Come to your appointment with a list of questions to ensure you feel confident and informed about the plan. ### Risks and Possible Complications Knee arthroscopy is a very safe procedure, but like any surgery, it carries some risks. Your surgeon will discuss these with you in detail. Potential complications include: - Infection - Blood clots - Bleeding or swelling - Stiffness in the knee - Injury to nearby nerves or blood vessels - The need for additional surgery in the future ### Preparing for Your Procedure Proper preparation is key to a smooth procedure and recovery. Your care team will provide specific pre-operative instructions. Be sure to: - **Discuss all medications:** Tell your surgeon about everything you take, including prescriptions, over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal supplements. You may need to stop taking certain medications, like blood thinners, before surgery. - **Follow fasting instructions:** You will be told to stop eating and drinking for a specific period before your procedure. It is critical to follow these directions exactly to prevent complications with anesthesia. - **Arrange for help at home:** Plan for a responsible adult to drive you home and stay with you for at least the first 24 hours. Set up a comfortable recovery space with pillows, blankets, and ice packs within easy reach. ### The Day of Surgery On the day of your procedure, the surgical team will confirm your name, the procedure, and the correct knee multiple times for your safety. You will receive anesthesia to ensure you are comfortable and pain-free. During the surgery, the surgeon will make two or three small incisions, or "portals," around your knee. A thin, lighted instrument called an arthroscope is inserted through one portal, sending a live video feed to a monitor. This allows the surgeon to see inside your joint with incredible detail. Specialized surgical tools are inserted through the other portals to repair, remove, or smooth damaged tissue. Once finished, the incisions are closed with stitches or surgical tape and covered with a bandage. ### Your Recovery at Home After a brief period in the recovery room, you will be cleared to go home with a set of post-operative instructions. Follow them closely to ensure the best possible outcome. #### Immediate Post-Op Care - **Elevate your leg:** Keep your operated knee propped up on pillows so it is above the level of your heart. This dramatically helps reduce swelling. - **Ice consistently:** Apply an ice pack wrapped in a thin towel to your knee for 15-20 minutes several times a day, especially during the first 48 hours. - **Manage your pain:** Take your prescribed pain medication as directed to stay ahead of discomfort. - **Follow weight-bearing instructions:** Your surgeon will tell you how much weight you can put on your leg. You may need to use crutches for a period of time to protect the joint as it heals. #### Early Exercises for Healing Gentle movement is crucial for preventing stiffness and blood clots. Your surgeon or physical therapist will provide a specific exercise plan. Start with these simple movements several times a day unless instructed otherwise. ##### Ankle Pumps While resting, frequently point your toes away from you, then pull them back toward you. You can also make slow circles with your feet. This simple exercise promotes blood flow and reduces the risk of blood clots. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/ankle-pumps-942x1024.jpg "ankle-pumps - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ##### Quadriceps Sets Lie on your back with your leg straight. Tighten the large muscle on the front of your thigh (quadriceps) and press the back of your knee down into the bed. Hold for 5-10 seconds, then relax. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-quad-set-1024x869.png "poa-quad-set - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ##### Straight Leg Raises Lie on your back with your unoperated leg bent. Keeping your operated leg perfectly straight, tighten your thigh muscle and slowly lift your leg 8 to 12 inches off the surface. Hold for 5 seconds, then slowly lower it. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/straight-leg-raise-1024x869.png "straight-leg-raise - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## When to Call Your Doctor Contact your surgeon's office immediately if you experience any of the following warning signs: - Fever of 100.4° F (38° C) or higher - Pain that is not controlled by your prescribed medication - Excessive swelling that does not improve with elevation and ice - Increased redness, warmth, or drainage from the incisions - Bleeding that soaks through your bandages - Severe nausea or vomiting - New or worsening numbness or tingling in your leg or foot ## Quick Summary - Your recovery timeline depends on the specific procedure performed and your overall health. Many people with desk jobs can return to work within a week, while those in more physically demanding roles may need several weeks or more. - A full return to your normal activities and sports can take one to two months, but your surgeon and physical therapist will provide a personalized timeline for you. - By preparing for your procedure and actively participating in your recovery, you can get back to moving with greater comfort and confidence. --- ### [Knee Ligament Injuries: Care and Recovery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-knee-ligament-injuries) **Published:** December 3, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** # Your Road to Recovery: Key Steps for a Knee Ligament Injury A knee ligament injury can be disruptive, but a clear plan is your first step toward recovery. By understanding the process, you can partner with your care team to get back to the activities you enjoy. Here are the key milestones on your journey: - **Get a prompt diagnosis** to understand your specific injury. - **Choose a treatment path** with your personal goals in mind. - **Control pain and swelling** in the crucial early stages. - **Commit to rehabilitation** to restore strength, stability, and motion. - **Prepare for surgery** if it is the recommended option for you. - **Follow recovery steps carefully** and watch for any warning signs. - **Protect your knees** with long-term strategies for joint health. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-knee-ligament.jpg "PainAndDiscomfortFromKneeInjuryDuringMorningRunYoung - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Understanding Your Knee and Its Ligaments Your knees are essential for nearly every move you make, from walking and climbing to simply sitting down. This complex joint is stabilized by strong bands of tissue called ligaments, which ensure it moves safely and efficiently. When a ligament is injured, you may experience pain, swelling, and a troubling sense that the knee is unstable or could "give way." The good news is that effective care is available. With the right treatment plan and a commitment to rehabilitation, most people can significantly reduce pain, regain full function, and return to an active lifestyle. ## Common Knee Ligament Injuries: ACL and MCL ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ligaments-of-the-knee-poa-1024x853.jpg "ligaments of the knee poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")While the knee has several important ligaments, two are injured more often than others: the ACL and the MCL. ### ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament) The ACL is located in the center of the knee and is crucial for preventing the shinbone from sliding too far forward and for providing rotational stability. A quick twisting motion or a sudden stop is most commonly the cause of injury. This can happen during a fall while skiing or in sports that involve cutting and pivoting, such as basketball, soccer, or football. ### MCL (Medial Collateral Ligament) The MCL runs along the inside of your knee, connecting the thighbone to the shinbone and preventing the knee from buckling inward. It often tears when the knee is struck on the outside, a common occurrence in contact sports like football and soccer. ## Knee Anatomy, Plainly Explained To understand your injury, it helps to know the key players inside the knee joint. - **Ligaments:** These are the knee's primary stabilizers. The four main ligaments are the **ACL** (limits forward sliding and twisting), **PCL** (posterior cruciate ligament, limits backward sliding), **MCL** (stabilizes the inside), and **LCL** (lateral collateral ligament, stabilizes the outside). - **Bones:** The knee is the meeting point of the thighbone (**femur**) and the shinbone (**tibia**), with the kneecap (**patella**) situated at the front. - **Cartilage:** The **meniscus** acts as a shock-absorbing cushion between the bones, while **articular cartilage** provides a smooth, gliding surface on the ends of the bones. - **Tendons:** These tissues connect muscles to bones, enabling you to move your leg. ## Diagnosing Your Knee Ligament Injury An accurate diagnosis is the foundation of your treatment plan. Your doctor will use a combination of methods to identify the injured structures and determine the severity of the tear. - **Medical History:** You will be asked to describe your symptoms, how the injury occurred, and your typical activity level. This context is vital for tailoring a plan to your goals. - **Physical Exam:** Your doctor will carefully examine the knee, checking for swelling, tenderness, range of motion, and stability. Specific tests can help isolate which ligament is damaged. - **Imaging Tests:** While **X-rays** are used to rule out bone fractures, a **Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)** scan is the best tool for visualizing soft tissues like ligaments, tendons, and cartilage. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/knee-mri.jpg "MagneticResonanceImagingOrMriOfKneeJointThisDiagnostic - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Treatment Options: Choosing the Right Path ### Nonsurgical Care: Pain Relief and Early Rehab For less severe tears, or for individuals who are less active, a nonsurgical approach is often successful. Most MCL tears, for example, are treated this way. - **Rest and Elevation:** Reduce activities that stress the knee. When resting, elevate your leg above heart level to minimize swelling. - **Ice:** Apply a cold pack wrapped in a thin towel for 15-20 minutes, 3-5 times a day, to reduce pain and inflammation. Never place ice directly on the skin. - **Medication:** Your provider may recommend pain relievers. Always take them as directed. - **Bracing or Crutches:** These devices can help protect the joint and limit weight-bearing while the ligament heals. - **Rehabilitation:** A physical therapist will guide you through exercises to restore motion, flexibility, and strength. Your commitment to this program is the most critical factor in your success. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/knee-ice.jpg "CroppedShotOfYoungAfricanAmericanWomanSittingOnBed - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/knee-crutches.jpg "HardToWalkStruggleToMoveBecauseOfPainMan - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Surgical Care: When It Is Considered Surgery may be the best choice if the tear is severe, multiple structures are injured, or your goals include returning to high-impact sports or a physically demanding job. Your surgeon may use **arthroscopy** (a minimally invasive technique using a small camera and incisions), open surgery, or a combination of both. #### ACL Reconstruction This is the most common surgery for a torn ACL. The surgeon removes the damaged ligament and replaces it with a tendon graft. This graft may be an **autograft** (tissue from your own body) or an **allograft** (tissue from a donor). Tunnels are drilled in the bone, and the graft is passed through and secured to serve as a new, functional ligament. #### MCL Surgery While most MCL tears heal without surgery, an operation may be needed if the tear is severe or combined with other injuries. The surgeon may repair the torn ligament directly or reconstruct it using a graft, similar to an ACL procedure. ### Your Role in Recovery: Partner With Your Care Team Recovery is a team effort involving you, your doctor, and your physical therapist—but your commitment is the most important part. Take an active role by learning about your injury, asking questions about the benefits and risks of each option, and clearly communicating your goals. Plan for rehabilitation from the start. Your dedication to showing up, doing your exercises, and following the plan will determine your final outcome. ## Your Surgical Journey: From Preparation to Recovery ### Preparing for Surgery If you and your doctor decide on surgery, proper preparation is key. Use this checklist and ask about any special instructions. - Discuss all medicines, supplements, and herbs you take with your care team. - Arrange for an adult to drive you home after your procedure. - Follow all instructions about when to stop eating or drinking. - If you smoke, talk to your doctor about quitting or cutting back to improve healing. #### MCL Surgery If you and your doctor decide on surgery, proper preparation is key. Use this checklist and ask about any special instructions. - Discuss all medicines, supplements, and herbs you take with your care team. - Arrange for an adult to drive you home after your procedure. - Follow all instructions about when to stop eating or drinking. - If you smoke, talk to your doctor about quitting or cutting back to improve healing. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/mcl-repair-1024x853.jpg "mcl-repair - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") #### ACL Surgery If you and your doctor decide on surgery, proper preparation is key. Use this checklist and ask about any special instructions. - Discuss all medicines, supplements, and herbs you take with your care team. - Arrange for an adult to drive you home after your procedure. - Follow all instructions about when to stop eating or drinking. - If you smoke, talk to your doctor about quitting or cutting back to improve healing. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/acl-reconstruction-1024x853.jpg "acl-reconstruction - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Right After Surgery You will spend a few hours in a recovery area where staff will monitor you. Your knee will be bandaged, and your leg may be in a brace. Elevating and icing the leg will begin immediately to control swelling. It is essential to communicate with your nurse to ensure your pain is well-managed. ### Early Recovery Healing after surgery often takes six months or more. Early on, you’ll probably rely on crutches to get around. To minimize stiffness and scar tissue, keep your knee moving and complete your prescribed exercises. Schedule and attend follow-up appointments with your surgeon to monitor your progress—and bring any questions you have. #### **Walking with Crutches** You’ll receive instruction on proper crutch use. Continue using them for as long as you’re told. You may be fully non-weight-bearing, or you might be allowed to place some weight on the leg. Follow your provider’s guidance closely, and don’t load the injured leg more than instructed. ## Rehabilitation: Rebuilding Your Strength and Motion Rehab is essential for all ligament injuries, whether or not you have surgery. Your plan will be tailored to you, but the core principles remain the same. ### Exercises ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/ankle-pumps-942x1024.jpg "ankle-pumps - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### **Ankle Pumps** Slowly point and flex your feet throughout the day to reduce swelling and prevent blood clots. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-heal-slide-1-1024x869.png "poa-heal-slide - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### **Heal Slides** While sitting, gently slide your heel toward your buttock to bend the knee. Hold for 3 seconds, then straighten. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-quad-set-1024x869.png "poa-quad-set - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### **Quad Sets** Tighten the large muscle on top of your thigh, pressing the back of your knee down. Hold for 5 seconds. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/straight-leg-raise-1024x869.png "straight-leg-raise - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### ****Straight Leg Raises**** With your uninjured leg bent, tighten your quad and lift your injured leg straight up about 12 inches. Hold for 3 seconds, then lower slowly. ### Long-Term Rehab and Returning to Activities #### **Rehab Plan** Your rehabilitation plan is personalized to your injury, the procedure performed, and your activity goals. During rehab, you will work on exercises that rebuild knee strength and flexibility. That work is essential for returning to normal routines and sports. A physical therapist may lead the early phases, but long-term knee health depends on your consistency. #### **Building Strength** Focus on the muscles that stabilize the knee: quadriceps, hamstrings, and calves. Restoring these muscle groups is a major driver of recovery after knee ligament surgery. Exercises such as leg presses can help increase strength, as directed by your care team. #### **Improving Flexibility** Gentle stretching helps the knee move more freely. Use slow, steady motions without bouncing. You should feel a mild pull, not pain. A simple option is the calf stretch. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/calf-stretch-poa-1024x1024.jpg "WomanDoingStraightLegCalfStretchExerciseFlatVectorIllustration - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")##### ****Calf Stretch Instructions**** - Face a wall with your feet together. Place your palms on the wall with a slight bend in the elbows. - Step one foot back. Keep the front knee bent and the back knee straight. - Lean forward while keeping both heels on the floor until you feel a stretch in the back calf. - Hold for 15 to 30 seconds, then return to the start and switch legs. Repeat as instructed. ### Lifelong Knee Protection Even after you recover, it's essential to continue strengthening the muscles that support your knee. This ongoing work helps protect the joint from future injury and supports long-term health. Your provider may also recommend wearing a brace for high-risk activities. ## Quick Summary - **Get a prompt diagnosis** to understand your specific injury. - **Choose a treatment path** with your personal goals in mind. - **Control pain and swelling** in the crucial early stages. - **Commit to rehabilitation** to restore strength, stability, and motion. - **Prepare for surgery** if it is the recommended option for you. - **Follow recovery steps carefully** and watch for any warning signs. - **Protect your knees** with long-term strategies for joint health. --- ### [Patella Pain Guide to Relief and Recovery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-patella-pain) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ## Quick-Start Checklist - Learn how the kneecap and knee work - Spot common causes of front-of-knee pain - Get a thorough evaluation and the right tests - Follow a 3-stage rehab plan with a physical therapist - Practice daily and agility movements safely - Know when surgery is considered and how recovery works - Keep strengthening to stay active for the long term ## Is Front-of-Knee Pain Getting You Down? ![a,man,having,knee,patellofemoral,pain,syndrome](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/poa-meniscus-3-2025.jpg "a,man,having,knee,patellofemoral,pain,syndrome - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") That familiar ache at the front of your knee can make simple tasks feel hard. You might try to ignore it, only to notice it again on stairs or during a short walk. You do not have to live with those limits. There are clear steps you can take to understand the cause and start feeling better. This guide walks you through what to expect and how to move forward. > Note: This article is educational and not a substitute for care from a medical professional. Only your doctor can diagnose and treat a medical condition. ## How Patella Pain Is Treated Pain in the front of the knee often begins with a problem involving the patella, also called the kneecap. The goal of care is to reduce pain, improve movement, and get you back to your normal activities. The goal of care is to reduce pain, improve movement, and get you back to your normal activities. **What we cover:** - How the kneecap and knee work - Common kneecap problems - Your evaluation and tests - Rehabilitation with a physical therapist - Stage 1: Starting to heal - Stage 2: Improving knee function - Stage 3: Practicing everyday moves - Kneecap surgery and recovery ## How the Kneecap and Knee Work The kneecap is a small triangular bone that sits at the front of your knee joint. It works with muscles, ligaments, and bones to help you bend and straighten your leg. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-15-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - **Quadriceps muscles:** The large muscles at the front of your thigh that help straighten the knee and guide the patella as your leg moves. - **Retinacula:** Tough fibrous bands along the sides of the knee that help keep the kneecap centered. - **Patellar tendon:** A strong cord of tissue that connects the kneecap to the shinbone. ### The Kneecap Up Close Cartilage is the slick, cushioning tissue that covers bone ends. It reduces friction and spreads pressure during movement. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Screenshot-2025-11-06-at-112235-AM.png "Screenshot 2025-11-06 at 112235 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Front view:** The patella looks like a small, rounded shield. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Screenshot-2025-11-06-at-112254-AM.png "Screenshot 2025-11-06 at 112254 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Back view:** The underside of the kneecap is covered by smooth cartilage. This surface helps the patella glide easily against the thighbone. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-7-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-7 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Top view:** The kneecap sits in a groove on the thighbone, often called the track. ### The Kneecap in Motion As you bend and straighten your leg, the kneecap slides up and down in its track on the thighbone. Position matters. Even a slight shift off the track can lead to pain or tissue irritation. #### When the kneecap is on track Muscles and ligaments act like a system of pulleys to guide the patella. When the quadriceps, retinacula, and patellar tendon pull in balance, the kneecap stays centered and glides smoothly. Pressure is spread evenly across the back of the kneecap. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/2-1024x1024.png "2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") #### When the kneecap moves off track Injury, tightness, weakness, or imbalance can change how tissues pull on the kneecap. If the patella drifts off its track, pressure becomes uneven. Over time, that can irritate cartilage and cause pain or stiffness. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/3-1024x1024.png "3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Common Kneecap Problems Even small tracking issues can create uneven pressure at the back of the kneecap. That can make daily movements like walking or going down stairs uncomfortable. Here are frequent causes of patella pain. ![person,,hand,and,knee,or,joint,pain,for,running,with](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/poa-meniscus-1-2025.jpg "person,,hand,and,knee,or,joint,pain,for,running,with - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Cartilage Damage Sometimes the cartilage on the back of the kneecap or in the groove of the thighbone is damaged. Damaged cartilage does not spread pressure evenly. Uneven pressure wears down the cartilage even further. This often leads to pain and stiffness. Since cartilage has little blood supply, it has a limited ability to heal. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-8-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-8 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/fitness-basketball-knee-injury-or-pain-while-on-b-2025-04-06-11-48-29-utc-1024x683.jpg "fitness-basketball-knee-injury-or-pain-while-on-b-2025-04-06-11-48-29-utc - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Dislocation Sometimes a muscle or ligament in the knee is pulled the wrong way. Or the kneecap may be pushed too hard. Then the kneecap may move partly out of the groove (subluxation). It may even move completely out (dislocation). This can happen without warning. You may feel sudden, sharp pain or your knee may give out. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-9-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-9 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Patellar Tendinitis Patellar tendinitis, often called jumper's knee, occurs when the quadriceps muscles are overused or tight. During movement, the patellar tendon absorbs more shock than usual. The tendon becomes irritated or damaged. This results in pain during motion or even when you are resting. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-10-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-10 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Plica Band Syndrome Plica bands are tissue fibers that some people have near the kneecap. They usually cause no problems. But sometimes they can become irritated and inflamed. They may snap or catch on the end of the thighbone. This can cause wear and tear on the cartilage at the end of the bone. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-11-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-11 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Getting a Clear Diagnosis A careful evaluation helps pinpoint the reason for your knee pain. Many people see an orthopaedist, a physician who specializes in bones, muscles, and joints. Your care team will partner with you to find the cause and shape a plan that fits your goals. ![new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates pa 2024 69](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/New-Jersey-Orthopedics-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-PA-2024-69-1024x683.jpg "new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates pa 2024 69 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Your Medical History Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, when pain occurs, and which activities make it worse. You will also discuss past injuries, prior knee problems, and your activity level or sports. ### A Focused Knee Exam Your clinician will look for swelling, tenderness, and how your kneecap moves as your leg bends and straightens. They will also test the stability of the joint and the strength and flexibility of nearby muscles. Findings from other joints can help explain movement patterns that stress your kneecap. > **Tell Me Where It Hurts** > Creating a simple pain map can help. Mark an X where you feel pain and an O where you notice mild discomfort. Bring that map to your visit so you can point out the exact areas that trouble you. ### Tests That May Be Used Imaging and procedures can clarify what is happening inside the knee. - **X-ray:** Shows the position and alignment of bones and the kneecap. - **CT scan:** A computed tomography scan gives more detail about alignment. - **MRI:** Magnetic resonance imaging shows cartilage, bone, ligaments, and muscle. - **Diagnostic arthroscopy:** A small camera is placed through tiny incisions to view the joint from the inside. This can be done with local or general anesthesia. ### Planning Your Treatment Treatment depends on the cause of your pain and your personal goals. Most people start with nonsurgical care, which includes rehabilitation and anti-inflammatory medicine such as ibuprofen or aspirin if appropriate. A physical therapist often guides your exercises. Surgery may be considered if symptoms are severe or do not improve with rehab. If surgery is needed, you will review potential risks and the recovery plan. Rehabilitation continues after healing to rebuild motion and strength. ## Rehabilitation and the Physical Therapist's Role Whether you want to run again or simply walk to the corner store without pain, physical therapy can help you get there. Your therapist begins with an evaluation, then works with you to calm pain and swelling. As symptoms improve, your plan progresses to flexibility and strengthening around the knee. This balanced approach reduces stress on the kneecap and supports long-term function. ### Your Physical Therapy Exam Your therapist will see how your kneecap tracks and which movements increase pain. They will check your range of motion, test muscle strength, and assess stability. They may also look at your hips, ankles, and feet to find patterns that affect your knee. ### Your 3-Stage Rehab Program - **Stage 1: Starting to heal.** Lower pain and swelling, then begin gentle movement. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 108](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-108-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 108 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - **Stage 2: Improving knee's function.** Build flexibility and strength in a safe, gradual way. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 62](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-62-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 62 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - **Stage 3: Practicing everyday moves.** Prepare for daily activities with coordination and agility work. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 140](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-140-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 140 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Stage 1: Starting to Heal Pain relief and swelling control are the first priorities. Once your knee is calmer, you will begin to restore a pain-free range of motion. Your therapist will guide you in the clinic and give you strategies to use at home. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_778338979-1024x1024.jpg "ElectricalStimulationInPhysicalTherapyTherapistPositioningElectrodesOnA - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Reducing Pain and Swelling Your care team may suggest one or more of the following: - Ice: Apply cold packs to limit swelling. You may be asked to ice several times per day. - Elevation: Rest with your knee above the level of your heart to help fluid drain. - Compression: Use an elastic bandage or a snug sleeve to limit fluid buildup. - Electrical stimulation: A gentle current can help reduce excess fluid in the joint. - Anti-inflammatory medicine: Your doctor may recommend pills or, in some cases, injections. - Isometric exercises: Tighten key muscles without moving the joint to support the knee and assist with fluid control. - Massage: Hands-on techniques can encourage fluid to move away from the knee. ### Improving Range of Motion Swelling, tight muscles, or early scar tissue can limit how far your knee bends or straightens. These options can help restore motion: - **Therapeutic ultrasound:** Sound waves create deep warmth that increases blood flow and may limit or break down scar tissue. - **Patella mobilization:** Your therapist gently moves the kneecap to prevent stiffness and improve motion. - **Bracing or taping:** Supports can help correct tracking and guide movement. - **Passive range of motion:** Your leg is moved for you by your therapist or a machine. - **Assistive range of motion:** You move your knee with help from your therapist, your other leg, or a device. - **Active range of motion:** You bend and straighten your knee using your own muscles. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 132](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-132-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 132 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Developing Strong Muscles *Always warm up and stretch before strengthening. Stop any exercise that causes pain and review it with your therapist or doctor.* - **Electrical stimulation for quadriceps:** A small device can help your quad muscles contract. As the unit activates, add your own muscle squeeze to increase the contraction. Your therapist may have you use the unit during certain exercises. - **Straight leg raise:** Sit with one leg straight and the other bent. Point the toes of your straight leg toward the ceiling. Lift that leg a few inches, hold briefly, then lower with control. Repeat with the toes turned slightly out to target inner thigh muscles. - **Hip pulls with band or pulley:** Stand with one leg about a foot from a wall and the other leg attached to tubing behind you. Pull the attached foot forward while keeping the knee straight but not locked. Return slowly to the start. Point your toes straight ahead unless your therapist guides otherwise. - **Leg press:** Start with your knee bent to about 90 degrees. Press until the leg is almost straight, then return with steady control. Avoid locking the knee at the top. - **Hamstring curls:** Lie on your stomach. Bend one knee as far as is comfortable, then slowly lower. Keep your back relaxed and avoid arching. - **Wall slide:** Stand with your back against a wall, feet about 18 inches away and hip-width apart. Slide down into a near-sitting position, keeping hips above knee level. Hold for about 20 seconds, then slide back up. Repeat with toes slightly turned out to recruit inner thigh muscles. ## Stage 2: Improving Your Knee's Function This stage begins with flexibility work to reduce pressure on the kneecap. It then progresses to strengthening so the knee is supported during daily activity. Follow your therapist's instructions for settings and repetitions. ### Warming Up - **Elliptical trainer:** Use your hands only for balance. Do not lean on the handles. Start with low resistance and incline. Gradually increase speed and time for 10 to 20 minutes. - **Treadmill walking:** Begin slowly with a low incline. Build speed and duration over 10 to 20 minutes. Wear supportive shoes that fit well. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-15-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 15 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Muscle-Loosening Stretches *Stop any exercise that causes pain and talk with your therapist or doctor. Move slowly and avoid bouncing during stretches.* ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-6-2025-at-01_48_46-PM.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 6 2025 at 01_48_46 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Knee flexion with a towel:** Sit with both legs extended and your foot flexed. Loop a towel around your heel and pull gently, sliding your heel toward your hips while keeping it on the surface. Hold the stretch across the front of your knee for about 10 seconds, then return. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_1985220482-1024x1024.jpg "WomanDoingHamstringStretchExerciseFlatVectorIllustrationIsolatedOn - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Hamstring stretch:** Sit tall with one leg straight. Bend the other leg so the sole of your foot rests against your mid-thigh. Reach toward your ankle while keeping your knee, back, and neck straight. Feel the stretch at the back of your thigh. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2327124619-1024x1024.jpg "WomanDoingStraightLegCalfStretchExerciseFlatVectorIllustration - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Calf stretch:** Face a wall about two feet away. Step one foot forward, keeping the back knee straight and the front knee bent. Lean toward the wall with both heels flat. Repeat with the back knee slightly bent to target a different calf muscle. ### Developing Strong Muscles *Always warm up and stretch before strengthening. Stop any exercise that causes pain and review it with your therapist or doctor.* - **Electrical stimulation for quadriceps:** A small device can help your quad muscles contract. As the unit activates, add your own muscle squeeze to increase the contraction. Your therapist may have you use the unit during certain exercises. - **Straight leg raise:** Sit with one leg straight and the other bent. Point the toes of your straight leg toward the ceiling. Lift that leg a few inches, hold briefly, then lower with control. Repeat with the toes turned slightly out to target inner thigh muscles. - **Hip pulls with band or pulley:** Stand with one leg about a foot from a wall and the other leg attached to tubing behind you. Pull the attached foot forward while keeping the knee straight but not locked. Return slowly to the start. Point your toes straight ahead unless your therapist guides otherwise. - **Leg press:** Start with your knee bent to about 90 degrees. Press until the leg is almost straight, then return with steady control. Avoid locking the knee at the top. - **Hamstring curls:** Lie on your stomach. Bend one knee as far as is comfortable, then slowly lower. Keep your back relaxed and avoid arching. - **Wall slide:** Stand with your back against a wall, feet about 18 inches away and hip-width apart. Slide down into a near-sitting position, keeping hips above knee level. Hold for about 20 seconds, then slide back up. Repeat with toes slightly turned out to recruit inner thigh muscles. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-6-2025-at-02_47_21-PM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 6 2025 at 02_47_21 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Electrical stimulation for quadriceps:** A small device can help your quad muscles contract. As the unit activates, add your own muscle squeeze to increase the contraction. Your therapist may have you use the unit during certain exercises. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-6-2025-at-02_56_59-PM-1024x683.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 6 2025 at 02_56_59 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Straight leg raise:** Sit with one leg straight and the other bent. Point the toes of your straight leg toward the ceiling. Lift that leg a few inches, hold briefly, then lower with control. Repeat with the toes turned slightly out to target inner thigh muscles. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-6-2025-at-03_25_01-PM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 6 2025 at 03_25_01 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Hip pulls with band or pulley:** Stand with one leg about a foot from a wall and the other leg attached to tubing behind you. Pull the attached foot forward while keeping the knee straight but not locked. Return slowly to the start. Point your toes straight ahead unless your therapist guides otherwise. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-6-2025-at-03_16_39-PM-1024x683.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 6 2025 at 03_16_39 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Leg press:** Start with your knee bent to about 90 degrees. Press until the leg is almost straight, then return with steady control. Avoid locking the knee at the top. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-6-2025-at-01_55_50-PM.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 6 2025 at 01_55_50 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Hamstring curls:** Lie on your stomach. Bend one knee as far as is comfortable, then slowly lower. Keep your back relaxed and avoid arching. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/wall-squat-poa.png "wall-squat-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Wall slide:** Stand with your back against a wall, feet about 18 inches away and hip-width apart. Slide down into a near-sitting position, keeping hips above knee level. Hold for about 20 seconds, then slide back up. Repeat with toes slightly turned out to recruit inner thigh muscles. ## Stage 3: Practicing Everyday Moves Once flexibility and strength have improved, it is time to prepare for real-life activities. These drills help you handle stairs, walking on varied terrain, and quick changes in direction. Your therapist will tailor choices to your goals. ### Relearning Daily Moves *Warm up and stretch before these activities, and do not lock your knees. Stop any exercise that causes pain and discuss it with your therapist or doctor.* ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-6-2025-at-02_34_49-PM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 6 2025 at 02_34_49 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Climbing:** Use your hands for balance only. Keep your hips over your knees and your back straight. Start with 5 to 10 minutes and slowly increase time and step height. A stair-climbing machine can build strength with lower impact. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-6-2025-at-02_40_11-PM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 6 2025 at 02_40_11 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Walking:** If you are on a treadmill, begin with low speed or resistance. Walk with a natural stride. Start with about 20 minutes and gradually add speed, incline, and time. When walking outside, choose soft, even surfaces to lower injury risk. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-6-2025-at-04_06_44-PM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 6 2025 at 04_06_44 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Side-to-side steps:** With knees slightly bent, step sideways while keeping toes forward. Avoid twisting at your waist or knees. Start with 2 to 3 minutes and build up as tolerated. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-6-2025-at-02_42_32-PM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 6 2025 at 02_42_32 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Jumping and landing:** Keep your knees bent to absorb shock. Begin with 2 to 3 minutes and increase slowly. A trampoline helps you practice absorbing impact while bearing weight. A shuttle device lets you work on rebounding and landing without full body weight. ### Increasing Your Agility These drills build quickness and coordination for daily life and recreation. Always stretch before and after. - **Figure 8s:** Walk briskly or jog slowly in a large figure 8 for 2 to 3 minutes, then reverse direction. Over time, make the figure 8 smaller while you increase speed and duration. This helps you pivot and turn corners with control. - **Short sprints:** Sprint forward 10 to 15 feet, stop, then sprint backward. Continue for 2 to 3 minutes. Gradually increase distance, speed, and total time to prepare for quick stops and starts. - **Cross steps:** Begin with knees slightly bent and feet shoulder-width apart. Step your right foot across in front of your left, then step to the left with your left foot. Next, step your right foot behind your left, then step left again. Switch directions after a full sequence and repeat 10 times. This pattern prepares you for movements like dancing or skating. - **Side steps:** Start with knees bent and feet together. Step to the side with your left foot, then bring your right foot to meet it. Keep steps short and comfortable. Reverse direction and continue for 2 to 3 minutes. This drill helps with sports like tennis and racquetball. ### From Rehab to Real Life Rehab does not end when you return to daily routines. Your therapist may ask you to keep training a few times each week. Ongoing strength and flexibility work helps protect your knee and lowers the chance of future injuries. ## Kneecap Surgery Surgery is considered when pain severely limits your activity or when a well-run rehab program does not provide enough relief. Some procedures are arthroscopic, which uses tiny incisions and a camera to work inside the joint. Others require open surgery. Your surgeon will explain how to prepare and discuss potential risks and complications. ### Kneecap Realignment These procedures aim to improve how the patella tracks through its groove. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/kneecap-surgery-1.png "kneecap-surgery-1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Lateral release:** The surgeon releases part of the retinaculum, the tight tissue on the side of the knee, to reduce the pull that tugs the kneecap out of position. A plica band may also be released if it is causing pain. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/kneecap-surgery-2.png "kneecap-surgery-2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Quadriceps transfer:** Part of a quadriceps muscle is detached and reattached to a new spot on the kneecap to balance forces from the upper leg. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/kneecap-surgery-3.png "kneecap-surgery-3 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Patellar tendon realignment:** The attachment of the patellar tendon and a small piece of the underlying bone are moved to a new position and secured with screws. This shifts the line of pull so the kneecap tracks better. ### Cartilage Procedures If cartilage is damaged, smoothing or stimulating new coverage can help. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-12-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-12 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Debridement:** Damaged cartilage is trimmed to create a smoother surface between the kneecap and thighbone. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-13-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-13 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Burring to bone:** When cartilage is worn to bare bone, the surgeon may lightly burr into the bone to reach the blood supply. This stimulates growth of a fibrous covering in the area. ### Recovering From Surgery After surgery, rest is key while the knee begins to heal. Your knee may be bandaged, wrapped, or iced to control swelling. A brace can protect the joint, help restore range of motion, and support healing. Keep your leg elevated above your heart to reduce swelling. You will likely use crutches at first and may be given light exercises to begin gentle movement. A structured rehabilitation plan usually follows to rebuild strength and function. ## Quick Summary Consistency is the secret. Sticking with your exercise program during and after rehab maintains strength and flexibility around the kneecap. That support helps you stay active and reduces the chance of future knee problems. --- ### [Lumbar Spine Surgery Care Guide](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-lumbar-spine-surgery) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** # Your Guide to Lumbar Spine Surgery ## Considering Lumbar Spine Surgery? Here's What You Need to Know. From understanding your diagnosis to planning for a smooth recovery, our comprehensive guide walks you through every step of lumbar spine surgery. Learn about procedures, risks, and how to be an active partner in your healing journey. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_1470843551.jpg "3dRenderedMedicallyAccurateIllustrationOfTheLumbarSpine - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Quick-Start Checklist - Start with a full medical evaluation and try nonsurgical care first. - Plan ahead for surgery and recovery at home. - Understand the procedure your surgeon recommends. - Know the risks and benefits of decompression and fusion. - Begin walking early in the hospital and increase activity at home. - Protect your back with good body mechanics and physical therapy. - Keep every follow-up visit and call if concerning symptoms arise. ## A Patient-Centered Approach to Lumbar Spine Care Living with low back pain can be exhausting. We know it limits what you love to do and can affect your mood, sleep, and energy. While there is no single quick fix, the right care plan can reduce pain and help you get back to daily life. ### When Back Pain Changes Daily Life Back pain looks different for each person. Your pain may flare with certain movements or persist all day. It can stay in the lower back or travel into the buttocks and legs. Some people also notice tingling, numbness, or weakness. These symptoms can make simple tasks like lifting groceries or caring for a child feel daunting. Ongoing pain can affect mood and may lead to feelings of frustration or depression. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2192580347.jpg "WomanWithHerBackSprainWhileDrivingCarLongTime - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### How Surgery May Help If conservative care is not easing your symptoms, surgery may offer relief. Surgery often helps to: - Ease back and leg pain - Reduce pain with movement - Lessen numbness or weakness - Improve daily function and quality of life ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_1534259195.jpg "ProcessOfSurgeryOperationUsingMedicalEquipmentTwoSurgeonsIn - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Your Role in a Successful Recovery You are a key partner in your care. Talk with your surgeon about your goals and what matters most to you. Keep in mind that recovery takes time, often several months, and your team will ask you to limit activities that stress your back. Physical therapy is often part of healing. It builds strength, restores safe movement, and helps you return to the activities you enjoy. ## Lumbar Spine Basics Your spine is made of bones called **vertebrae** that stack like building blocks. The lumbar spine is the lower section with five vertebrae. When these parts work well together, you can move with comfort. Between the vertebrae are **disks**, which are soft cushions that absorb shock. The tough outer ring is the annulus and the softer center is the nucleus. A tunnel called the spinal canal runs through the vertebrae, and spinal nerves branch out through side openings called foramina. On the back of each vertebra is the **lamina**, a bony arch that forms the rear of the spinal canal. **Facet joints** connect neighboring vertebrae and help guide movement. Problems in any of these structures can lead to pain. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/shutterstock_2203546583-1024x717.jpg "VertebraeSpinalCordAnatomyInfographicsWithSetOfIsolatedScientific - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Why the Lower Back Can Hurt Low back pain can result from several issues. A **herniated disk** happens when disk material bulges outward and presses on a nearby nerve. A contained herniation means the soft center is pushing out. An extruded herniation means the outer ring has torn and the soft center leaks through. As disks age, they can thin, and the vertebrae may rub against each other. This can irritate nerves and lead to bone spurs. When bone spurs narrow the spinal canal or foramina, the result is **stenosis**, which can cause pain, numbness, or weakness. Sometimes the spine becomes unstable and a vertebra slips forward. This is called **spondylolisthesis**. It can irritate joints and nerves and may worsen stenosis. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2174640155-1024x361.jpg "DiscDegenerationStagesSetFlatSpineVertebraeAnatomySchemeHealthy - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_1150778807-1024x954.jpg "SpinalStenosisVectorIllustrationLabeledMedicalSchemeWithExplanationDiagram - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2143778311-1024x796.jpg "IllustrationOfTheSpondylolisthesisSymptoms - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Your Medical Evaluation A thorough evaluation helps confirm the cause of your symptoms. Your doctor will review your health history, including any heart disease, high blood pressure, or diabetes. Be sure to list all medications, including aspirin, ibuprofen, supplements, and herbal products, and let your team know if you smoke. During the physical exam, your provider will check your spine and legs in different positions. Tests may include raising your leg to see if pain travels, checking strength and reflexes, and looking for areas of numbness. Imaging tests can provide more detail. These may include X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to look at bones, disks, and nerves. Other tests may include a discogram, myelogram, or bone scan, sometimes with contrast dye. An EMG is a nerve and muscle test that can show nerve irritation or damage. Blood and urine tests may also be ordered. ![new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates pa 2024 40](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/New-Jersey-Orthopedics-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-PA-2024-40-1024x683.jpg "new jersey orthopedics princeton orthopaedic associates pa 2024 40 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Nonsurgical Care to Try First ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_1287468253.jpg "ManKneelingOnFloorAndLookingDown - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Most people start with conservative treatment. Changes to daily activities can reduce strain, such as limiting heavy lifting, improving posture when sleeping and getting out of bed, and using supports like a lumbar roll to help align the spine. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-29-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Physical therapy often plays a central role. Your program may include walking or other gentle exercises for strength and flexibility, education on safe movement, and treatments like heat, cold, ultrasound, or massage to help reduce pain. Manual therapy can also improve spinal motion. Medication may help with pain, muscle spasms, and inflammation. Some medicines are taken as pills, and others can be injected into joints or near irritated nerves or disks. Take your medicine exactly as directed rather than waiting until pain becomes severe. ## Planning for Your Surgery If nonsurgical care has not improved your quality of life, your surgeon may recommend an operation. Planning ahead makes recovery safer and smoother. Quitting smoking can help bones heal better. Ask your doctor about aids such as patches, gum, or medications. Discuss blood management before surgery. Some people donate their own blood in advance or receive donor blood if needed. Your doctor may recommend a medicine called epoetin alfa before surgery to reduce the chance of needing a transfusion. Organize your home for safety. Place everyday items between hip and shoulder height so you do not need to bend or reach. Arrange rides, since you may not be able to drive for at least a week. Closed-back slip-on shoes can make dressing easier without bending. ### Before the Operation Follow all preoperative instructions carefully. Stop taking aspirin and ibuprofen at least one week before surgery unless your doctor tells you otherwise. Ask about other medicines or supplements that should be paused. Do not eat or drink after midnight the night before surgery. This includes mints, gum, and water. If you are told to take morning medications, swallow them with a small sip of water. Arrange for an adult to drive you home when you are discharged. ### The Day of Surgery Arrive on time. The team will check your vital signs and place an IV to give fluids and medications. You may receive medicine to help you relax. Your anesthesiologist will talk with you about anesthesia, which prevents pain during surgery. Local or regional anesthesia numbs the surgical area. General anesthesia allows you to sleep through the procedure. Your team will recommend the safest option for your operation. ## Understanding Surgical Procedures ### How Surgeons Reach Your Spine To access the spine, your surgeon makes an incision in your back, which is called a posterior approach, or in your abdomen, called an anterior approach. A microscope may be used to provide a detailed view of the area. At the end, the incision is closed with stitches or staples. #### Posterior Approach Your surgeon reaches the spine through your back. In some cases, a microscope is used to view damaged areas more clearly. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/spine-surgery-1.png "spine-surgery-1 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") #### Anterior Approach Your surgeon reaches the spine through your abdomen. This is done when your surgeon needs access to the front of your spine. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/spine-surgery-2.png "spine-surgery-2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Decompression Procedures Decompression reduces pressure on irritated nerves. This can involve removing a small amount of bone or part of a disk. Sometimes a combination of procedures is used. **Laminotomy:** A laminotomy removes a small portion of the lamina, which is the bony arch on the back of the spinal canal. This creates an opening that can ease nerve pressure. Surgeons often also remove a bone spur or a small part of a disk that is pressing on the nerve. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/IMG_9775.jpeg "IMG_9775 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Laminectomy:** A laminectomy removes the entire lamina to create more space. This can help when a bulging disk or thickened tissue squeezes a nerve. Your surgeon may also remove part of a disk or a bone spur and can enlarge the foramen to relieve stenosis. The strong back muscles protect the new opening. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2224646291-1024x524.jpg "CompressedBackNerveLumbarOfAnnularTearLaminectomySpineCord - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") **Discectomy:** A discectomy removes the portion of a damaged disk that presses on a nerve. Many surgeons use a surgical microscope, called a microdiscectomy, for a clearer view. A small laminotomy is often done first to access the disk, and any loose disk material that could cause future problems is removed. Enough disk remains to continue cushioning the vertebrae. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2224387185-1024x518.jpg "LumbarLaminectomySpineCordSurgeryOfRootBackPainDisc - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") #### Risks and Possible Complications of Decompression - Infection - Bleeding or blood clots - Nerve injury - Spinal fluid leak - No improvement or worsening of pain - Need for another surgery - Paralysis (very rare) ### Spinal Fusion Surgery and Bone Grafts **Spinal fusion** improves stability when vertebrae move abnormally and cause pain. During fusion, two or more vertebrae are joined together with bone graft so they no longer shift and irritate nerves. This can reduce lower back and leg pain. During the procedure, your surgeon may remove part of the disk between the vertebrae being fused. Small pieces of bone graft are packed between the bones. Over time, the graft and surrounding bone grow into a single solid unit. Metal supports, such as screws and rods, may hold the spine steady while the bone heals. These supports usually remain in place. The incision is closed with stitches or staples. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-5-2025-at-03_57_45-PM.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 5 2025 at 03_57_45 PM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")ChatGPT Image Nov 5 2025 at 03 57 45 PM #### Understanding Bone Graft Options Bone graft is the material that helps the bones grow together. It can come from your own body, a donor bone bank, or artificial sources. In some cases, a bone growth protein called BMP is used to encourage fusion. #### Risks and Possible Complications of Fusion - Infection - Bleeding or blood clots - Nerve injury - Bones not fusing (non-union) or graft shifting - No improvement or worsening of pain - Spinal fluid leakage - Need for another surgery - Paralysis (very rare) ## Your Recovery Journey ### Recovery in the Hospital After surgery you will spend time in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU), also called the recovery room, until you are fully awake. Most people stay there for a few hours before moving to a hospital room. Your length of stay depends on the type of surgery and how you are healing. Grogginess, thirst, chills, or a sore throat are common right after surgery. You may have a drain, an IV for fluids and medicines, and a catheter to empty your bladder. Boots or compression stockings may be used to help prevent blood clots. Pain control is a priority. Your nurse will give medications, or you might use a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump to deliver small doses yourself. Some pain is expected, but tell your team if you are very uncomfortable. Early movement helps recovery. You will be encouraged to sit up and walk as soon as it is safe. This keeps your blood and bowels moving and protects your lungs. A back brace may be provided for support, and a physical therapist will teach safe ways to move. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_1940771353.jpg "HospitalWardFriendlyMaleNurseTalksToBeautifulFemalePatient - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2186533773.jpg "AsianYoungFemaleProfessionalDoctorInUniformHoldingSalineSolution - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Healing at Home Recovery takes time and gentle consistency. Increase your activity a little each day. Take all medications exactly as prescribed and ask questions if anything is unclear. You will learn how to get in and out of bed safely. Helpful tools include reachers, shower railings, and an elevated toilet seat. Avoid lifting heavy items. Ask your doctor when it is safe to drive and return to work. Desk jobs often resume sooner than physically demanding jobs. ### When to Call Your Doctor Contact your care team right away if you have any of the following: - Increasing redness, drainage, or worsening pain at the incision - Fever over 100.4° F (38° C) - New or worsening leg pain, weakness, or numbness - Severe headache - Loss of bladder or bowel control ## Building Strength and Protecting Your Back A doctor-guided exercise plan helps you heal and can reduce pain. Walking is one of the best early activities. Start with short, frequent walks and add a few minutes each day. Water aerobics can be gentle on the back while strengthening muscles. Ask your surgeon when your incision can safely get wet. Your physical therapist can give you specific exercises tailored to your surgery and goals. Use good body mechanics to protect your back. Use your legs to lift, keep objects close to your body, and wait to lift anything heavy until your doctor clears you. When sitting, avoid slumping and try to keep your ears, shoulders, and hips aligned. Bend at your knees instead of at your waist. Turn your whole body by moving your feet rather than twisting your back. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2516999313.jpg "HappyActiveSeniorCoupleWalkingAndTalkingInThePark - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2099646640-1024x341.jpg "CorrectLiftHeavyWrongLiftingObjectsManHealthSafetyTips - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")CorrectLiftHeavyWrongLiftingObjectsManHealthSafetyTips ## Keep Every Follow-Up Appointment Follow-up visits allow your surgeon to check healing, adjust medications, and update your activity plan. Bring your questions so we can address concerns early. Staying connected with your team supports a smooth, steady recovery. ## Quick Summary - Complete any tests your doctor orders. - Stop smoking. - Stop aspirin and ibuprofen \_\_\_ days before surgery as instructed. - Stop eating and drinking as directed before surgery. - Take these medicines the morning of surgery if instructed: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - Schedule your first follow-up visit for \_\_\_ days after surgery. - Care for your incision and shower only as directed. - Complete your prescribed physical therapy program. - Restrict these activities until cleared by your surgeon: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ --- ### [Guide to Neck Pain Relief](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-guide-to-neck-pain-relief) **Published:** December 9, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** # Relief for Neck Pain: A Patient's Guide to Recovery ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/close-up-photo-of-curly-haired-woman-at-home-near-2025-03-27-02-23-09-utc-1024x683.jpg "Close-up photo of curly-haired woman at home near the window with severe neck pain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## A Quick-Start Guide to Neck Pain Relief - Learn the warning signs that mean your neck pain needs urgent medical care. - Try safe home remedies for immediate relief, including ice, heat, and gentle movement. - Improve your daily posture and body mechanics to reduce strain on your neck. - Explore guided physical therapy if pain persists for structured recovery. - Practice stress relief techniques and build daily, neck-friendly habits. - Use provider-approved exercises to build strength, increase mobility, and prevent future pain. ## What Is Neck Pain? Neck pain is a common condition that can affect anyone. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including poor posture, injuries, and age-related wear and tear. Pain is your body's way of alerting you that something needs attention. It may feel sharp, dull, or achy, and it can be constant or intermittent. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/cropped-shot-of-a-woman-experiencing-shoulder-pain-2025-04-06-01-47-41-utc-1024x705.jpg "Cropped shot of a woman experiencing shoulder pain during her workout - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Many people have neck pain at some point in their lives. Things such as poor posture, injury, and aging can lead to neck pain. Neck pain can be the result of an injury. Getting older can also mean more aches and pains. But neck pain can also be caused by strain from overuse and bad habits that can include poor posture, bad body mechanics, lack of exercise, and repetitive motion. With proper care, you can help your neck feel better now and prevent pain in the future. ## When to Seek Immediate Medical Care While most neck pain can be managed at home, some symptoms require immediate medical attention. Call a healthcare professional right away if you experience any of the following: - **Numbness, tingling, or weakness** in your shoulder, arm, or hand. - Neck pain or limited motion that **does not improve or gets worse**. - **Dizziness or trouble walking**. - **Loss of bowel or bladder control**. ## Your Path to Recovery Rest can feel good at first, but avoiding all movement for too long can cause the neck to stiffen and weaken. Gentle, guided exercises that stretch and strengthen the neck are often key to feeling better. Always check with your healthcare provider before starting a new exercise program. With the right plan, you can safely move toward relief and prevent future flare-ups. Improving your posture, body mechanics, and overall health can significantly reduce or even resolve neck pain. These changes take practice, but most people feel better with consistent effort. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/female-doctor-neurologist-showing-spine-x-ray-imag-2024-10-21-11-12-57-utc-1024x683.jpg "Female doctor neurologist showing spine x-ray image to young woman Girl on a consultation with an orthopedic doctor - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Understanding Your Neck's Anatomy A healthy neck supports the head and allows the shoulders and arms to move freely. Strong muscles help maintain good posture and keep the spine aligned, which reduces strain and discomfort. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-17-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-16-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Inside the Neck - **Vertebrae:** The neck contains the first seven stacked bones (vertebrae) of the spine. - **Disks:** These soft, shock-absorbing pads sit between the vertebrae. Each disk has a tough outer ring (annulus) and a soft gel-like center (nucleus). - **Facet joints:** These small joints, lined with smooth cartilage, are where the vertebrae connect and allow the spine to move easily. - **Spinal canal and nerves:** The vertebrae form a protective tunnel for the spinal cord. Nerves branch off from the spinal cord to the rest of the body. - **Ligaments and tendons:** Ligaments connect bone to bone, and tendons connect muscle to bone. Both help stabilize the neck. ### Neck Muscles and Movement The neck muscles work together with the shoulders, chest, and back to support and move your head. Keeping these muscles strong and flexible helps protect joints and ligaments and can reduce pain. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-18-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Your neck moves in three primary ways: flexion (head forward), extension (head backward), rotation (side to side), and side bending (ear toward shoulder). Always stay within a comfortable range of motion to prevent injury. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/16-1-1024x1024.png "16 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Extension** (head backward), **Flexion** (head forward) ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/17-1024x1024.png "17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Side Bending** (ear toward shoulder) ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/18-1024x1024.png "18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Rotation** (side to side) ## Common Causes of Neck Pain A healthy neck can become painful for many reasons. Age-related wear and tear, repeated strain, and poor body mechanics can all affect the disks, bones, and joints of the neck. ### Disk Problems - **Torn annulus:** Small tears in the disk's tough outer ring can irritate nearby nerves and cause pain. - **Bulging or herniated disk:** If the annulus weakens or tears, the soft center can bulge outward, pressing on a nerve. - **Disk degeneration:** Over time, disks can thin and lose their cushioning. This can allow vertebrae to rub together, pinching nerves and causing pain. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2174640155-1024x361.jpg "DiscDegenerationStagesSetFlatSpineVertebraeAnatomySchemeHealthy - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Bone and Joint Problems As the cartilage in the facet joints wears down with age, arthritis can develop. This can lead to pain, swelling, and stiffness, making motion difficult. Bone spurs may also form and press on nerves, adding to the discomfort. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-20-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-20 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-21-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-21 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Common Neck Injuries Accidents during driving, sports, or a fall can push the neck beyond its normal limits, resulting in whiplash, strains, or sprains. - **Whiplash:** A sudden impact throws the head backward and then forward, stressing muscles, ligaments, and joints. - **Strains and sprains:** Strains are overstretched or torn muscles, while sprains affect ligaments. These can happen in an accident or from overuse and repetitive motion. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-22-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-22 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Pain from a neck injury can spread beyond the neck. You might also experience headaches or pain, tingling, or numbness in the shoulders, upper back, arms, or hands. ## How Healthcare Providers Diagnose Neck Pain A medical evaluation is the first step to identifying the source of your pain and creating a treatment plan. ### Health History Questions Your provider will likely ask: - Where is your pain, and how often does it occur? - How and when did the pain start? - What activities or positions ease your pain or make it worse? - What are your work duties and hobbies? - How is neck pain affecting your day-to-day life? ### Physical Exam and Tests Your provider may check your posture, neck motion, flexibility, strength, sensation, and reflexes. Based on your symptoms, you may need imaging or nerve testing, such as: - **X-rays** to assess the vertebrae. - **MRI or CT scans** to get a detailed look at disks and soft tissues. - **EMG or NCV studies** to evaluate muscle and nerve function. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2520053887-1024x683.jpg "APatientUndergoesAnMriOrCtScanAsDoctors - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## At-Home Care for Neck Pain When neck muscles become inflamed, they can spasm and increase pain. These simple steps may help you feel better at home: - **Short rest:** Lying down for brief periods takes the weight of your head off your neck. - **Ice and heat:** Use an ice pack wrapped in a thin towel for up to 20 minutes at a time to reduce swelling. Later, use a warm, wet towel, warm shower, or bath to relax sore muscles. - **Over-the-counter medicines:** Anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen or naproxen may reduce swelling and pain. Use them only as directed and check with your provider or pharmacist if you have questions. - **Gentle movement:** After warming the area, try provider-approved exercises to ease stiffness and support healing. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2125944410-1024x683.jpg "WomanPuttingAnIcePackOnHerNeckPain - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_1071346571-1024x724.jpg "WomanRinsesNeckWithAHandHeldShowerHead - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Manage Stress to Ease Tension Stress often causes muscles to tighten, which can trigger spasms and pain. These habits can help you stay relaxed: - **Prioritize sleep:** A calming bedtime routine can help you get the rest you need. - **Eat well:** A balanced diet supports your overall health and resilience. - **Be active:** Regular, gentle movement like walking or swimming can help. Yoga and tai chi are excellent for relaxation and strength. - **Breathe deeply:** Inhale slowly through your nose, then exhale fully through your mouth. Repeat until you feel your body relax. ## Posture That Protects Your Neck Practicing good posture is one of the most effective ways to keep your neck healthy and comfortable. ### How to Improve Your Posture - Breathe deeply and let your shoulders relax away from your ears. - Gently pull your shoulders back and down. - Align your ears, shoulders, and hips in a straight line. - Keep your chin level with the ground, not pointed up or down. ## Body Mechanics for Daily Life How you sit, stand, lift, and sleep has a major impact on your neck. Small changes can protect your neck throughout the day. ### Standing and Lifting ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-10-2025-at-11_48_50-AM-683x1024.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 10 2025 at 11_48_50 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- Carry objects close to your body. - Bend at your knees with a straight back to lift, not at your waist. - Arrange your workspace to be at eye level to avoid prolonged overhead reaching. ### Sitting and Using Screens ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-10-2025-at-11_53_52-AM.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 10 2025 at 11_53_52 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- Position your monitor at or slightly below eye level. - Sit upright with your feet flat on the floor and your knees at or slightly below hip level. - Take frequent breaks from long periods of sitting or driving to stand and stretch. ### Sleeping ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/ChatGPT-Image-Nov-10-2025-at-11_59_36-AM-1024x683.png "ChatGPT Image Nov 10 2025 at 11_59_36 AM - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- Sleep on your back with a pillow under your knees or on your side with a pillow between your knees. - Use a supportive pillow that keeps your neck aligned with your spine—not bent too high or too low. - Avoid sleeping on your stomach, as it forces your neck into a twisted position. ## When to Seek Professional Care If self-care isn't providing enough relief, your provider may suggest physical therapy. A physical therapist can guide you through specific exercises to restore movement and strength, teach you proper alignment, and help you return to your activities more comfortably. Common physical therapy methods include: - **Therapeutic exercises** to improve strength and range of motion. - **Joint mobilization** using gentle, hands-on techniques to restore motion. - **Soft tissue mobilization** to stretch and relax tight muscles. - **Education** on posture and body mechanics to protect your neck long-term. ![physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 92](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-92-1024x683.jpg "physical therapy princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 92 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") If physical therapy is not enough, your provider may discuss other options, such as medications, injections, or, in some cases, surgery. ## Safe Neck Exercises Strong, flexible muscles support the neck and help it move naturally. Move slowly, stay within a comfortable range, and never force a position. ### Safety Tips - Only perform exercises recommended by your healthcare provider or physical therapist. - Breathe normally and avoid holding your breath. - **Stop immediately** if you feel sharp pain, tingling, numbness, or dizziness, and contact your provider. ### Flexion (Chin to Chest) ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-29-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-29 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")1. Gently lower your chin toward your chest as far as is comfortable. 2. Hold for 5 seconds. 3. Slowly return to the starting position. Repeat as advised. ### Extension ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-28-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-28 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")1. Tilt your head backward, looking toward the ceiling within a comfortable range. 2. Hold for 5 seconds. 3. Return to the starting position. Repeat as advised. ### Rotation ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/18-1024x1024.png "18 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")1. Slowly turn your head to the right as far as is comfortable. 2. Hold for 5 seconds, then return to the center. 3. Turn your head to the left, hold, and return to the center. Repeat on each side as advised. ### Side Bending ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/17-1024x1024.png "17 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")1. Tilt your head toward your left shoulder, keeping the shoulder down. 2. Hold for 5 seconds, then return to the center. 3. Tilt your head toward your right shoulder. Repeat as advised. ### Chin Glide (Chin Tuck) ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/poa-chin-tuck-2.png "poa-chin-tuck-2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")1. Sit or stand straight. 2. Gently tuck your chin and glide your head backward, so your ears move in line with your shoulders. You should feel a stretch at the back of your neck. 3. Hold for 5 seconds, then return to the starting position. Repeat as advised. ### Shoulder Blade Squeeze ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-23-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-23 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")1. Sit or stand with your arms at your sides, elbows bent at 90 degrees. 2. Gently squeeze your shoulder blades together. 3. Hold for 5 seconds, then relax. Repeat as advised. ### Isometric Head Press (Forward) ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-24-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-24 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")1. Place your palm against your forehead. 2. Gently press your head forward into your hand without letting your head move. 3. Hold for 5 seconds, then relax. Repeat as advised. ### Isometric Head Press (Backward) ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-25-1-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-25 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")1. Gently press your palms against the back of your head. 2. Push your head backward using the muscles in your neck. 3. Hold for 5 seconds, then relax. Repeat as advised. ### Isometric Head Press (Side) ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-26-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-26 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")1. Place your right palm against the right side of your head. 2. Press your head into your hand without letting your head move. 3. Hold for 5 seconds, then relax. 4. Switch sides and repeat as advised. ### Rotation Head Press ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/Untitled-1080-x-1080-px-27-1024x1024.png "Untitled 1080 x 1080 px-27 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")1. Gently press your left palm against the left side of your head. 2. Resisting with the muscles in your neck, gently try to turn your head to your left. Don't allow your head or hand to move. 3. Hold for 5 seconds, then relax. 4. Switch sides and repeat as advised. ## Quick Summary - Keep your computer monitor at or slightly below eye level. - Practice good posture throughout the day. - Use a headset or speakerphone instead of holding a phone between your shoulder and ear. - Take frequent breaks from sitting to stand and stretch. - Exercise regularly to reduce stress and strengthen supportive muscles. - Sleep on a supportive mattress with an appropriate pillow, and avoid stomach sleeping. - If you smoke, talk with your provider about resources to help you quit. - Reach out to your healthcare provider with any questions or concerns about your neck. *Prefer resources in Spanish? Ask your care team for Spanish-language materials.* --- ### [Hand and Wrist Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-hand-and-wrist-care-guide) **Published:** December 3, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** # A Patient's Guide to Hand and Wrist Pain: From Diagnosis to Recovery ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/wrist-pain-poa.jpg "HandsBusinessAndWomanInOfficeWristPainAndInflammation - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Why Your Hands and Wrists Matter You use your hands and wrists for almost everything, from lifting a mug to typing an email. When they hurt, even small tasks can feel difficult. The good news is that with a proper diagnosis and care plan, you can ease the pain and get back to what you enjoy. This guide will walk you through the steps, from your initial evaluation to rehabilitation and prevention. ### Medical History and Physical Exam Your provider will ask when your symptoms started and which activities make them worse. They'll then examine your hand, wrist, and forearm, checking your range of motion, strength, and stability. Some movements may be uncomfortable, but they are essential to pinpointing the cause of your pain. ### Diagnostic Tests When a physical exam isn't enough, imaging and nerve tests can reveal issues with bones, soft tissues, and nerves: - **X-rays** show broken bones, dislocations, and signs of arthritis. - **MRI** produces detailed images of soft tissues, such as tendons and ligaments. - **CT scan** is a specialized X-ray that builds 3D images of bones and joints. - **Electrodiagnostic tests** use a mild electrical current to evaluate nerve and muscle function, often used to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/wrist-xray.jpg "HumansHandsXRayHighlightedInRed - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## First Aid to Reduce Pain and Swelling For many hand and wrist problems, controlling inflammation is a key first step. Your provider may also recommend pain or anti-inflammatory medication, which you should always take exactly as directed. ### Rest Giving the injured area time to heal prevents further strain. A splint or brace may be used to stabilize and protect the hand and wrist during recovery. ### Ice Cold helps lower pain and swelling. Apply an ice pack or a bag of frozen vegetables for 10 to 15 minutes, 3 to 5 times a day. Always place a thin towel between the ice and your skin to prevent ice burn. ### Elevation Raising your hand above heart level limits throbbing and swelling by allowing gravity to help drain excess fluid. Use pillows for support, especially when resting or sleeping. ## Understanding Your Hand and Wrist Anatomy Knowing the basic anatomy can make your diagnosis and treatment easier to understand. Your hands and wrists are complex structures built for strength, sensation, and precise motion. - **Bones:** The hand and wrist contain 27 bones. The **phalanges** are the finger bones, the **metacarpals** form the palm, and eight **carpal** bones make up the wrist. The forearm bones are the **radius** (larger) and **ulna** (smaller). - **Ligaments:** These tough bands connect bone to bone, keeping joints stable. - **Tendons:** These cord-like tissues attach muscles to bones, allowing you to move your fingers and wrist. - **Nerves:** These carry signals between your brain and hand, allowing you to feel and control movement. The **median nerve** is a key nerve that passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. - ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/wrist-anatomy-poa.jpg "wrist-anatomy-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - Inside Your Fingers: Fingers are the most sensitive part of your body to touch. The sensation, feeling, and movement of the fingers are all controlled by nerves that run through the wrist. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/fingers-poa.jpg "fingers-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/hand-and-wrist-anatomy-poa-970x1024.jpg "hand-and-wrist-anatomy-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## The Hand In Motion The hand and wrist move because many different tissues work in concert. Nerves allow you to feel and also coordinate movement by carrying messages between your brain and the muscles. Those signals tell the muscles when to tighten (contract) and when to relax. As the muscles act, they pull on tendons—strong, cordlike tissues that attach to bones—so the joints of the hand and wrist can move. Muscles are soft tissues that contract and relax to create motion in the hand. Tendons link those muscles to the bones, transmitting the force that actually moves each joint. Surrounding many tendons are tendon sheaths—slippery, fluid-filled tubes that encase and lubricate the tendons to reduce friction as they glide. ### **Inside the Wrist** Eight small carpal bones form the wrist and create the joints that let it bend and rotate. Together, these bones also help shape the carpal tunnel, a narrow passage within the wrist that allows tendons, blood vessels, and the median nerve to travel between the forearm and the hand. ### **Carpal Tunnel Details** - Within the wrist, tendon sheaths surround the tendons to keep them lubricated as they move. - The transverse carpal ligament spans across the wrist to form the roof of the carpal tunnel. - The carpal bones are arranged in a U shape, forming the floor and sides of the tunnel. - The median nerve, a major sensory and motor nerve, runs through this tunnel alongside the wrist tendons. ## Common Hand and Wrist Injuries ### Fractures of the Hand and Wrist A fall or a direct blow can break a bone in the hand or wrist. Pain, swelling, bruising, and limited motion are common, and the area may look misshapen. Common fracture types include finger fractures, metacarpal (hand) fractures, and distal radius fractures (often called a Colles fracture). #### **Finger fractures** Finger fractures occur when any of the three bones in the finger are broken. They can be caused by a direct blow, or by trapping and twisting a finger. #### **Bennett fractures** Bennett fractures occur when the metacarpal bone at the base of the thumb is broken. They can result from a hard fall or when the thumb is forced backward. This injury also damages the joint where the thumb meets the wrist. #### **Radius fractures (often called Colles fractures)** Radius fractures occur when the larger bone in the forearm is broken, often due to falling on an outstretched hand. In some cases, the ulna may also break at the same time. #### **Joint fractures of the fingers** Joint fractures occur when the bony knobs on the ends of the finger bones break or chip. This type of fracture can be caused by jamming the fingers against a solid object. #### **Metacarpal fractures** Metacarpal fractures occur when a bone in the hand is broken. A crushing blow to the hand often causes them. #### **Carpal fractures** Carpal fractures occur when a bone in the wrist is broken. They can result from a fall or a direct blow to the wrist. The most common carpal fracture involves the scaphoid bone, which forms a joint with the radius and other wrist bones. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/fractures-poa-1024x640.jpg "fractures-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")fractures poa Treatment depends on the bone and its alignment. Your provider may perform a **closed reduction** (setting the bone without surgery) or an **open reduction** (surgically realigning the bone with pins, plates, or screws). A splint or cast is then used to hold the bone in place while it heals, which typically takes 4 to 6 weeks ### How Fractures are Treated ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/buddy-taping-1024x640.jpg "buddy-taping - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### Reducing The Fracture Treatment for a fracture depends on its location and how badly the bone is broken. First, the bone may need to be reduced, meaning put back into place. A splint or cast is then used to stabilize the bone while it heals. Reducing the fracture can be done in two ways. A closed reduction means the bones are set back into place without surgery. An open reduction means the fracture is treated with surgery, which may include using pins, plates, or screws to hold the bones together while they heal. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/fractures-poa-fix-1024x640.jpg "fractures-poa-fix - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")fractures poa fix ### Sprains and Dislocations Common injuries include finger dislocations, skier's thumb (a tear of a key ligament at the base of the thumb), and wrist sprains. Treatment often involves a splint or cast to stabilize the joint, along with rest, ice, and elevation. #### Finger Dislocation A strong twist or sudden pull on a finger can tear the ligaments and dislocate the joint. It may also damage the volar plate, leading to painful swelling and bruising. To treat this injury, your provider must carefully put the joint back into place. A splint is then applied to keep the joint stable and prevent it from moving out of position. For more severe dislocations, surgery may be required. - ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/torn-ligament-poa-1024x1024.jpg "torn-ligament-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") #### Collateral Ligament Tear A fall on an outstretched thumb can stretch or tear the ligament at its base, often called skier’s thumb. The area swells, making thumb movement painful and difficult. Treatment usually involves wearing a splint or cast for several weeks to limit movement. Severe tears may require surgery to reattach the ligament. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/torn-thumb-ligament-poa-1024x1024.jpg "torn-thumb-ligament-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") #### Wrist Sprain A hard fall onto the hand can stretch or tear the ligaments in the wrist, leading to painful swelling and bruising. You may also find it hard to move your wrist. Minor sprains are often treated with a splint. More severe sprains may require a cast or splint to be worn for several weeks to keep the wrist stable while the ligaments and surrounding tissues heal. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/wrist-sprain-poa-1024x1024.jpg "wrist-sprain-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Tendon Cuts and Tears Tendon injuries can occur from sharp cuts or from forcefully yanking the fingers. **Flexor tendons** on the palm side bend the fingers, while **extensor tendons** on the back of the hand straighten them. A completely cut tendon requires surgery to repair, followed by extensive therapy to prevent stiffness and regain motion. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-severed-tendon-1024x1024.jpg "poa-severed-tendon - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### Flexor and Extensor Tendons Flexor and extensor tendons are cord-like fibers that help control how your fingers move. The symptoms you notice depend on which tendon is injured. If a **flexor tendon** is damaged, you may not be able to bend your finger to make a fist. If an **extensor tendon** is injured, you may have trouble straightening your finger. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-severed-tendon-sutures-1024x1024.jpg "poa-severed-tendon-sutures - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### How Severed Tendons are Treated Cuts are first carefully cleaned. If the tendon is only partly cut, it may heal on its own. If it is badly cut or completely severed, surgery is usually needed, and stitches are used to reconnect the tendon. After treatment, your hand is placed in a splint, and rehabilitation is needed to restore movement and strength and to help prevent permanent stiffness. ### Crushing Injuries and Fingertip Trauma Crush injuries can range from a painful black nail (subungual hematoma) to deep cuts and fractures. A doctor may drain blood from under a nail to relieve pressure. More severe injuries with deep cuts or broken bones may require stitches or surgery to repair the damage. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-blacknail-1024x1024.jpg "poa-blacknail - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### Black Nail A hard hit to the fingernail can cause bleeding under the nail, making it look dark purple or black (a “black nail”). If the pain is severe, a small hole may be made in the nail to drain blood and relieve pressure. If not, it usually heals on its own as a new nail slowly grows in over several months. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/shutterstock_2161004843-Converted-1024x1024.jpg "shutterstock_2161004843-Converted - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")#### Flexor and Extensor Tendons Flexor and extensor tendons are cord-like fibers that help control how your fingers move. The symptoms you notice depend on which tendon is injured. If a **flexor tendon** is damaged, you may not be able to bend your finger to make a fist. If an **extensor tendon** is injured, you may have trouble straightening your finger. ### Arthritis of the Hand and Thumb Osteoarthritis is a "wear and tear" condition that breaks down the protective cartilage in joints. It often affects the basal joint of the thumb, causing pain, stiffness, and difficulty gripping. Treatment may include anti-inflammatory medications, cortisone injections, splinting, and in severe cases, surgery. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/arthiritis-1024x1024.jpg "arthiritis - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Ganglion Cysts A ganglion cyst is a harmless, fluid-filled lump that often appears on the back of the wrist or at the base of a finger. It grows out of the tissue surrounding a joint or tendon. If the cyst is painful or limits motion, your provider may drain it with a needle or, if it recurs, remove it surgically. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/cyst-poa-1024x1024.jpg "cyst-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Repetitive Motion Injuries Repeating the same motions day after day can inflame tendons and their protective sheaths (tenosynovitis), causing pain, swelling, and sometimes irritating nearby nerves. ### Trigger Finger This occurs when a flexor tendon in a finger becomes inflamed and catches on a fibrous band called a pulley. You may feel pain, popping, or a sensation of the finger getting stuck in a bent position. Rest, splinting, cortisone injections, or a minor surgical procedure to release the pulley can resolve the issue. With proper treatment, most people regain smooth, pain-free motion of the finger. If you notice your finger locking, catching, or becoming more painful over time, it’s important to see your provider early to prevent the problem from worsening. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/trigger-finger-poa-1024x797.jpg "trigger-finger-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### De Quervain's Tenosynovitis This condition affects the tendons that run along the thumb side of the wrist. It causes pain with gripping, making a fist, or turning the wrist. Treatment typically starts with rest, splinting, and cortisone injections. If these fail, surgery can release the tissue over the tendons to give them more room to glide. Many people improve with non-surgical care, especially when the problem is treated early. You may also be taught gentle stretching and activity changes to reduce strain on the thumb and wrist and help prevent symptoms from returning. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/dequervain-poa-1024x837.jpg "dequervain-poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Carpal Tunnel Syndrome This occurs when the median nerve is compressed as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. This can lead to tingling, numbness, and pain in the thumb, index, middle, and ring fingers, as well as a weaker grip. Symptoms are often worse at night. Treatment includes wrist splints, anti-inflammatory medications, cortisone injections, and, if necessary, carpal tunnel release surgery to relieve pressure on the nerve. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/carpal-tunnel-970x1024.jpg "carpal tunnel - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Your Path to Recovery: Rehabilitation and Home Care Rehabilitation with a physical or occupational therapist is crucial for regaining motion, strength, and coordination after many injuries and surgeries. Your commitment to the program is the key to a successful outcome. Therapists are specially trained to help people recover from hand and wrist injuries. Early on, the focus is on easing pain, swelling, and stiffness. Your therapist may gently move your hand and wrist for you (passive exercises) and may have you wear a splint to protect and position your hand. As you improve, you’ll begin exercises that build strength and coordination. ![new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 3 v2](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/New-Jersey-Physical-Therapy-Princeton-Orthopaedic-Associates-Physical-Therapists-3_v2-1024x683.jpg "new jersey physical therapy princeton orthopaedic associates physical therapists 3 v2 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Your Role in Recovery Rehab takes time, and your effort makes the biggest difference. The more closely you follow your program, the better your results are likely to be. For best results: Keep follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor progress and adjust your plan. Talk with your therapist about your goals so they can tailor a program to your needs. Do your exercises as often and as carefully as directed. ## Hand and Wrist Exercises Exercises are a key part of getting your hand and wrist back to normal function. Some movements focus on gently improving flexibility, while others are designed to build strength and control. Move slowly and steadily when you exercise, and follow any special instructions from your therapist or provider. It’s normal to feel a mild stretch, but stop if you notice new pain or if your pain gets worse, and let your provider know. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/poa-hand-work-1024x819.jpg "poa-hand-work - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")- **Tendon Gliding:** Start with your fingers straight. Slowly curl them into a partial fist, then a full fist, holding each position for 5 seconds. Repeat 10 times. - - **Wrist Flexion and Extension:** Rest your forearm on a table with your hand hanging off the edge, palm down. Slowly move your hand up (extension) and down (flexion) through a comfortable range of motion. Repeat 10 times. - **Wrist Rotation:** Sit with your elbow bent at 90 degrees and resting at your side. Slowly turn your palm up, then hold for 5 seconds; turn it down and hold for 5 seconds. Repeat 10 times. ## Preventing Future Problems As you recover, return to activities gradually and listen to your body. To protect your hands and wrists for the long term, adopt these habits: - Keep wrists and hands in a straight, neutral line while working. - Limit repeated, forceful gripping or pinching motions. - Vary your tasks, switch hands when possible, and take regular breaks. - Wear protective wrist guards for activities like skateboarding, inline skating, and snowboarding. - Wear appropriate gloves when using sharp tools and always use safety guards on power equipment. - Treat pain as a signal to stop, rest, and reassess what you are doing. ## Quick Summary - Your hands and wrists are essential for daily activities, and proper treatment can help you recover from pain and injury. - Medical evaluation includes history, physical exam, and tests like X-rays, MRI, CT scans, or nerve studies to diagnose the problem. - Initial treatment focuses on reducing pain and swelling with rest, ice, elevation, and medication as prescribed. - Understanding hand and wrist anatomy—bones, ligaments, tendons, and nerves—helps you grasp your diagnosis and treatment. - Common injuries include fractures, sprains, dislocations, tendon cuts, and crushing injuries, each requiring specific treatment approaches. - Conditions like arthritis and ganglion cysts can develop over time and may need medication, injections, or surgery. - Repetitive motion injuries such as trigger finger, De Quervain's tenosynovitis, and carpal tunnel syndrome result from overuse and inflammation. - Rehabilitation with a therapist and home exercises are crucial for restoring function and strength and preventing stiffness. - Prevention strategies include proper ergonomics, protective equipment, varying tasks, taking breaks, and recognizing pain as a warning sign. - Gradual return to activities and long-term healthy habits will help keep your hands and wrists functioning well for years to come. --- ### [Carpal Tunnel Care & Recovery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/patient-info-carpal-tunnel-care) **Published:** October 16, 2025 **Author:** Mary Estes **Content:** ## Understanding Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Carpal tunnel syndrome, often called CTS, affects the wrist and hand. Tingling and numbness can make everyday tasks frustrating, but the good news is that symptoms can be managed. Learning how CTS develops and how it is treated can help you make confident choices. ## Common Signs You Might Notice Tingling and numbness are the most frequent symptoms of CTS. Some people also feel hand pain or notice a weaker grip. Symptoms may wake you at night at first, then show up during daily routines like driving or holding a newspaper, and they can become more intense over time. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA-CTSv1_2518707781-1024x576.jpg "CarpalTunnelPainBlackGuyMassagingPainfulWristCloseUp - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Partnering With Your Doctor Your doctor will perform an exam to better understand your symptoms and rule out other causes. Once CTS is diagnosed, you can create a treatment plan together that may include symptom relief and, if needed, surgery. If you do have surgery, most people go home the same day. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA-CTSv1-wristexam.jpg "POA-CTSv1-wristexam - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**The Exam** Start with an exam from your POA Doctor ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA-CTSv1-splint.jpg "POA-CTSv1-splint - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")A Splint may be recommended along with medication ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA-CTSv1-surgery.jpg "POA-CTSv1-surgery - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")In certain severe cases surgery may be required ## Inside the Wrist: What Is the Carpal Tunnel? The carpal tunnel is a narrow passage in your wrist that allows tendons and a major nerve to travel from the forearm into the hand. Knowing what lives in this space helps explain why symptoms occur and how treatment works. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA-CTSv1_2162698131-970x1024.jpg "Carpal tunnel syndrome with median nerve pressure disease outlin - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") - **Transverse carpal ligament:** A strong band of tissue that forms the roof of the tunnel. - **Median nerve:** The main nerve that carries signals between your hand and brain. - **Tendon sheath:** A slick covering that helps tendons glide smoothly. - **Flexor tendons:** Cords that connect muscles to bones and move your fingers. - **Carpal bones:** A U-shaped group of small wrist bones that make the tunnel's floor and sides. With CTS, the tendon sheath can thicken and take up extra space in the tunnel. This narrowing can squeeze the median nerve and lead to tingling, numbness, pain, or a weaker grip. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA-CTSv1-cts-cut-diagram-1024x596.jpg "POA-CTSv1-cts-cut-diagram - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ## Diagnosis and Testing There are a series of tests that may be required to confirm Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in your case. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA_CTS_exam1_1392498617.jpg "PhysicalTherapistChecksThePatientWristByPressingTheWrist - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Exam with Your Doctor Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and when they happen. Your hand and wrist may be placed in certain positions to check for irritation, and the median nerve will be assessed. Be ready to describe what makes symptoms better or worse. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA_CTs_xray.jpg "MaleRadiologistDoingX-rayOfFemalePatientsHandOnModern - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Wrist X-Rays X-rays of the hand or wrist can reveal a broken bone or arthritis, which may explain your symptoms. You may also have a nerve conduction study and an electromyogram, known as an EMG. These tests use low levels of electrical current to see how well your nerves and muscles are working and can also help guide surgical planning if needed. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA_cts_nerve.jpg "TheFemalePatientUndergoesAnElectromyographyemgTestToAssess - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")### Nerve Conductivity Test Nerve connectivity tests help confirm carpal tunnel syndrome and assess nerve damage. A nerve conduction study checks how fast signals travel through the median nerve, while an EMG evaluates muscle and nerve communication. These low-current tests identify compression typical of CTS and guide treatment, including surgery if needed. --- ## Relief and Treatment There are a series of tests that may be required to confirm Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in your case. ### Medicine **Over-the-counter medicines:** Your doctor may suggest aspirin or ibuprofen to ease pain and swelling. If you find yourself needing them every day, call your doctor, since a prescription option may be better for you. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA_medicine_2600239787.jpg "UnhealthySeniorManTakingMedicalPillsOrPharmacologySupplement - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Cortison Injections **Cortisone injection:** A corticosteroid shot can calm inflammation in the tunnel. Mild soreness for a day or two is common, and many people get relief for several weeks after the injection. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA_shot_2535208421.jpg "InjectionSyringeWithADropOfDrugOnAStainless - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### Wrist Splinting **Wrist splinting:** Wearing a splint at night or during the day can keep your wrist in a neutral, straight position. This limits extreme bending that can narrow the tunnel. Use the type of splint your doctor recommends. ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA_WRIST_SPLINT_2460785273.jpg "SeniorManWithTryingOnAnOrthopedicWristBrace - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") --- ## Considering Surgery ### When Surgery Is an Option Surgery may be advised if symptoms are severe or if splints, medicines, and injections do not provide lasting relief. Your care team will review your goals, daily demands, and test results to help you decide. ### Preparing Safely for Your Procedure - Do your best to stop smoking in the weeks before surgery, since this can reduce complications and may help you heal faster. - Tell your doctor about all medicines and supplements, including aspirin and other blood thinners. - You will learn what type of anesthesia you will receive so you know what to expect. - Do not eat or drink after midnight before surgery, or follow the specific instructions you are given. ### Surgical Goal and How Long It Takes The aim of surgery is to relieve pressure on the median nerve by releasing the transverse carpal ligament. This creates more space in the tunnel. The procedure typically takes about an hour. There are several kinds of surgery, but the two most common are **Open Surgery** and **Endoscopic Surgery** ### Open Surgery **Open surgery:** Your surgeon makes a single incision in the palm to view and release the transverse carpal ligament with standard instruments. ***\*Blue indicates potential spot of incision.*** ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA-incesion-spotvertical.jpg "POA-incesion-spotvertical - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ### **Endoscopic** Surgery **Endoscopic surgery:** One or two small incisions are made so a thin scope with a tiny camera and surgical tools can be guided under the ligament. The surgeon watches a video screen to perform the release. ***\*Blue indicates potential spot of incisions.*** ![](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/POA-incesion-spothorizontaljpg.jpg "POA-incesion-spothorizontaljpg - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") Both approaches create space in the carpal tunnel and reduce pressure on the median nerve. Your surgeon will recommend the method that fits your needs. ### Possible Risks Although uncommon, risks can include damage to nerves or blood vessels, an infection, or symptoms that do not fully improve. Your surgeon will go over these risks and how they are minimized. --- ## After Surgery: Healing and Next Steps You will rest for a few hours after surgery while your hand's sensation and circulation are checked. Most people return home the same day with clear instructions for care. Your provider will teach you how to care for the incision before you leave. At home, a few habits can support healing: - Keep your hand raised above heart level to limit swelling. - Limit hand and wrist use as instructed by your care team. - Take pain medicine only as directed. - Do hand and finger exercises as prescribed to ease back into activity. Keep your wrist in a neutral position when you exercise. ### When to Call Your Surgeon Contact your surgeon right away if you notice any of the following: - A white or pale-blue color in your hand or nails, especially if pinching the skin does not bring color back - Pain that does not improve with prescribed medicine - Loss of sensation or more than expected swelling in your hand or fingers - A fever higher than 101°F ## Quick Summary Many people experience meaningful relief with splints, medicines, or a cortisone shot. If you need surgery, most patients recover well and return to daily activities with fewer symptoms. We are here to answer questions and support you at every step. --- ### [Total Hip Replacement: A Patient Guide](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/patient_information/total-hip-replacement-a-patient-guide) **Published:** July 30, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** ## Replacing a Damaged Hip Joint Living with an injure, or arthritis-affected hip can be extremely challenging and painful. Everyday movements and routine activities may start causing discomfort over time. Many patients find that a total hip replacement could be an excellent solution to ease joint pain and restore mobility. In this guide, we break down what a hip replacement entails and answer many common questions you might have. ![candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Candids-Bezwada-Princeton-Orthopedic-Associates-NJ-2021-06-1024x683.jpg "candids bezwada princeton orthopedic associates nj 2021 06 - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")## Identifying The Problem Hip No matter your age, a hip problem can keep you from the activities you love, and the pain and stiffness can even make daily life difficult. **Common causes of hip pain include:** - **Avascular Necrosis:** The death of bone tissue in the hip joint. - **Osteoarthritis:** The natural wear and tear of the hip joint over many years. - **Previous Hip Fracture:** Lingering issues from an old injury. - **Inflammatory Illness:** Conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. ## Hip Surgery or Replacement: Can It Help? An orthopedic surgeon specializes in treating joint and bone issues and will work closely with you to decide if hip replacement is the right course of action. During the procedure, your damaged hip joint is replaced with an artificial joint, known as a prosthesis. This surgery not only eases or even eliminates chronic pain but also helps rebuild leg strength and improves your overall quality of life. ***Most patients experience significant relief after total hip replacement. Typically, the surgery helps to:*** - Minimize or completely eliminate hip pain (even post-surgical pain usually subsides within weeks). - Boost leg strength, allowing you to build muscles without persistent discomfort. - Enhance your daily comfort, enabling you to complete everyday tasks with ease. - Offer long-lasting benefits, with many prostheses lasting 15 to 20 years or more. ## How The Hip Works ![healthy hip poa](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/healthy-hip-poa.png "healthy hip poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")The hip joint is one of the largest weight-bearing joints in your body, formed as a ball-and-socket for stability during both twisting and wide ranges of motion. In a healthy hip, the rounded head of your thighbone fits snugly into the pelvic socket, both lined with smooth cartilage. This cartilage plays a crucial role in absorbing pressure and allowing your joint to glide effortlessly, while strong muscles enable smooth movement through tendons that anchor them to the bones. **Tendons:** Attach the muscles to the bones. **Cartilage:** A firm, smooth tissue that covers the ball and socket of the hip joint, absorbing stress and allowing it to glide easily. **Muscles:** Power the hip and leg for movement. ## When Your Hip Gets Damaged A hip's ability to move properly can be compromised when one or more components get damaged. Over time, cartilage may wear away, allowing bones to rub together. Conditions like osteoarthritis, inflammatory arthritis (such as rheumatoid arthritis or gout), fractures from falls, or even necrosis from injury or prolonged steroid use can result in joint deterioration and significant pain. ![poa hip fracture](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/poa_hip_fracture.png "poa hip fracture - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Fracture** A hard fall impact or landing on the hip can cause a fracture If it doesnt heal correctly the joint may gradually wear out![poa hip inflammation](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/poa_hip_inflammation.png "poa hip inflammation - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Inflammatory Arthritis** Diseases like rheumatoid arthritis or gout can inflame the joint lining Over time this may wear down cartilage and cause pain ![poa hip necrosis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/poa_hip_necrosis.png "poa hip necrosis - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Necrosis** A major injury or long term alcohol or steroid use can reduce blood flow to the bone This may cause bone death necrosis and joint breakdown![hip cartilage](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/hip_cartilage.png "hip cartilage - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")**Osteoarthritis** Over time normal wear and tear can break down cartilage Bones may rub together becoming rough and worn which damages the socket ### Understanding Your Hip Pain Your doctor will examine your hip to determine what’s causing your discomfort. Based on that diagnosis, you may have a number of treatment options. You and your surgeon will work together to review these choices and build a plan that makes sense for you. In many cases, hip replacement surgery offers the best chance at long-term relief. ### Your Treatment Options Once your evaluation is complete, your surgeon will go over potential treatment paths — explaining both the risks and the benefits of each. Depending on your condition, recommendations may include: - **Nonsurgical treatments, such as:** - Changes to diet and daily activity - Medications or supplements - Physical therapy and specific exercises - Use of walking aids - Weight loss - **Other surgical treatments, including:** - Hip resurfacing - Arthroscopy - Osteotomy These options will be discussed in detail so you can make an informed decision about your care. ### Potential Risk & Complications Once your evaluation is complete, your surgeon will go over potential treatment paths — explaining both the risks and the benefits of each. Depending on your condition, recommendations may include: - Pain or stiffness in your hip joints. - Wearing of the implant that may require additional surgery. - Fractures or dislocations of the hip joints. - Infections - Bleeding or blood clots - Damage to nearby bone, nerves and blood vessels. - Change in leg length - All normal risks associated with surgery and anesthesia. ## Preparing for Surgery Before opting for surgery, getting your home and body ready can make all the difference. Start by modifying your living space to ensure safety, such as installing grab bars, removing clutter, and arranging necessities on accessible shelves. You should call on the help of family or friends for errands and post-surgery care, and if you live alone, consider in-home support or a short rehabilitation stay. ### 1) Arrange For Help You won’t be able to drive for several weeks, so plan ahead: - Ask a friend or family member to help with groceries and errands. - If you live alone, arrange for someone to stay with you after surgery. - Consider hiring a home health aide if needed. - In some cases, a short stay at a rehabilitation facility may be recommended before returning home. ### 2) Prepare Your Space In Advance To make recovery at home safer and easier after surgery: - Install helpful equipment such as grab bars in the bathroom and raised seats for the toilet or shower. - Set up a resting area on the main floor to avoid using stairs. - Remove tripping hazards—clear clutter, take up throw rugs, and tape down cords. - Store everyday items between waist and shoulder height to limit bending and reaching. ### 3) Complete Any Dental Work Bacteria from untreated dental issues can enter your bloodstream and potentially infect your new joint. It’s important to complete any dental procedures and address any gum or tooth problems before your surgery. ### 4) Start Prehab if Recommended Prehabilitation (prehab) can help you recover more quickly after surgery. This typically includes stretching and strengthening exercises prescribed by your care team. Some programs may also guide you through practicing everyday tasks in advance. Follow any prehab plan provided to you. ### 5) Review Your Medications Let your surgeon know about all medications you’re currently taking—including prescriptions, over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Certain medications, such as blood thinners, aspirin, or ibuprofen, can increase bleeding and may need to be stopped before your procedure. ### 6) Check in with Your Doctor Your primary care doctor plays a key role in preparing you for surgery. They’ll help make sure you’re in the best health possible beforehand. - You may be asked to complete lab work, a chest X-ray, or an ECG (electrocardiogram). - Be sure to discuss any ongoing medical conditions like diabetes or high blood pressure so they can be managed ahead of time. - If you have any infections, your doctor will work with you to treat them before surgery. ## The Day of Your Surgery Follow your surgeon's instructions on when to stop eating or drinking before your operation. When you get to the hospital, a team of professionals will guide you through the process, which includes meeting your anesthesiologist. They ensure you remain comfortable and pain-free throughout, using methods such as intravenous medication. Your identity and the operative hip will be double-checked for safety, and the joint will be marked before beginning the procedure. ### The New Hip Your new hip prosthesis is engineered to function just like a natural joint with a ball-and-socket design. The materials may include ceramic, plastic, or metal, and your surgeon will explain the best option based on your personal needs. ![hip replacement poa](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/hip-replacement-poa-683x1024.png "hip replacement poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates") ## Understanding the Surgical Process The approach taken during surgery could be from the back, front, or side of the hip depending on your specific situation. The method involves removing the damaged components, smoothing out the joint surface, and preparing the socket for the prosthesis. The new hip is then carefully fitted into place, either with cement, screws, or through a press-fit process that allows your bone to grow into the implant, ensuring stability over time. ## Recovering After Surgery Post-surgery, you’ll be moved into a recovery area where tailored pain medications and precautions against blood clots and lung complications will be applied. The staff will instruct you on safe movements to protect your new hip while it heals. It’s perfectly normal to experience some discomfort, so be sure to communicate with your care team if your pain isn’t well controlled. ### Preventing Blood Clots Blood clots can form in the legs or pelvis after hip surgery. To help prevent them: - Your leg may need to be elevated above heart level at times during the day. - You might wear compression boots or support stockings. - Blood thinning medications may be prescribed. - Moving around is important—most patients are encouraged to get out of bed and walk within 24 hours of surgery. ### Managing Pain It’s normal to feel some pain after surgery, even when taking medication. If your pain isn’t well-managed, let your nurse know right away. Pain relief can be given in a few different ways—by mouth, injection, or through an IV. In some cases, you may use a PCA (patient-controlled analgesia) pump, which lets you safely give yourself small doses of pain medication when needed. ### Clearing Your Lungs After surgery, fluid can build up in the lungs and increase the risk of pneumonia. To prevent this: - Take deep breaths and cough several times each hour. - A nurse or respiratory therapist may teach you how to use an incentive spirometer—a simple tool that helps you breathe more deeply and keep your lungs clear. ### Learning to Move Safely Your new hip will have a limited range of motion while it heals. To protect it: - Your surgeon, physical therapist (PT), or occupational therapist (OT) will teach you specific precautions and safe ways to move. - These precautions can vary depending on the surgical approach used. - Be sure to follow all guidance from your care team to avoid injury and support healing. ## Moving Safely & Additional Precautions ### Moving Again You’ll likely be up and walking within a few hours after surgery, using a mobility aid like a walker or crutches for support. If you still have an IV or catheter in place, it might feel a bit awkward—but your physical therapist will be there to guide you. They’ll show you how much weight you can safely put on your new joint and help you practice walking with confidence. You’ll also learn exercises to build strength and improve your hip’s range of motion. Be sure to follow their instructions closely as you begin your recovery. ### Using Stairs When using stairs, remember this simple rule: go up with your good leg first, then bring your operated leg up to meet it. On the way down, lead with your operated leg, followed by your good one. These techniques are designed to reduce strain on your new joint and support a safer, more comfortable recovery. ### Sitting & Standing To help protect your new hip and make everyday activities easier, your occupational or physical therapist will show you safer ways to move through your daily routine. When sitting down, back up to the chair until you feel it touch the back of your leg. Use the armrests to support your weight as you lower yourself, keeping your operated leg extended in front of you. ### Getting Dressed For getting dressed, especially when putting on socks or shoes, a long-handled tool like a grasper or hook can be helpful—slip-on shoes are often the easiest option. To wash your lower legs or feet, use a long-handled sponge along with a handheld shower hose. ### Additional Precautions ![hip sitting poa](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/hip-sitting-poa.png "hip sitting poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Sit with both feet on the floor. ***Do not*** let your knee cross the middle of your body, or, cross your legs! ![sitting good](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/sitting-good.png "sitting good - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Sit with both feet on the floor. ***Do not*** let your knee cross the middle of your body, or, cross your legs! ![poa sitting help](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/poa-sitting-help.png "poa sitting help - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Sit with both feet on the floor. ***Do not*** let your knee cross the middle of your body, or, cross your legs! ![poa bend over no](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/poa-bend-over-no.png "poa bend over no - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Try not to bend over in a way that puts your upper body lower than your hips. ![poa flex in](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/poa-flex-in.png "poa flex in - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Don't turn your legs **inward** or **outward** in an unnatural way. Keep your feet straight. ![too far poa](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/too-far-poa.png "too far poa - Princeton Orthopaedic Associates")Don't step too far forward or too far backwards. Try to take small, normal strides. ## Returning to Daily Life and Long-Term Care Daily walking routines and exercise will help rebuild strength. Your surgeon will advise when it’s safe to resume driving, working, or even certain sports and hobbies. When it comes to intimacy, discuss safe positions with your surgeon once your incision has healed and your range of motion has improved. Always mention your hip replacement to any new doctor or dentist to ensure you receive proper guidance and any necessary antibiotics prior to future procedures ## Final Thoughts: Talk with Your Surgeon Hip replacement can restore your ability to enjoy life without constant pain. Discuss your personal goals with your surgeon and have an open conversation about what the procedure can realistically achieve. Prepare well for surgery by following pre-op instructions, ensuring your overall health is optimal, and leaning on the support network available to you. Adhering to your rehabilitation program and attending all follow-up appointments is critical for a smooth recovery. --- ## SEO Locations ### [Hasbrouck Heights - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/hasbrouck-heights-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Stafford Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/stafford-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Newton - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/newton-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Lodi - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/lodi-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Fairview - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/fairview-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Hawthorne - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/hawthorne-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Fair Lawn - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/fair-lawn-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Winslow Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/winslow-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Cliffside Park - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/cliffside-park-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Pitman - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/pitman-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Hackensack - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/hackensack-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Monroe Township (Gloucester) - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/monroe-township-gloucester-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Glen Rock - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/glen-rock-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Teaneck - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/teaneck-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Glassboro - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/glassboro-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Paramus - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/paramus-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Fort Lee - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/fort-lee-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Wyckoff - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/wyckoff-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Ridgewood - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/ridgewood-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [River Edge - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/river-edge-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Harrison Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/harrison-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Englewood - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/englewood-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [New Milford - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/new-milford-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Little Egg Harbor Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/little-egg-harbor-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Bergenfield - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/bergenfield-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Woolwich Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/woolwich-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Oradell - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/oradell-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Dumont - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/dumont-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Bergen - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/bergen-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [West Milford - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/west-milford-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Emerson - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/emerson-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Tenafly - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/tenafly-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Ramsey - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/ramsey-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Westwood - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/westwood-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Hillsdale - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/hillsdale-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Mahwah - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/mahwah-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Closter - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/closter-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Park Ridge - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/park-ridge-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Vernon Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/vernon-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Montvale - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/montvale-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Galloway Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/galloway-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Vineland - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/vineland-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Absecon - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/absecon-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Hamilton Township Atlantic - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/hamilton-township-atlantic-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Egg Harbor Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/egg-harbor-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Pleasantville - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/pleasantville-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Brigantine - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/brigantine-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Northfield - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/northfield-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Ventnor City - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/ventnor-city-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Somers Point - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/somers-point-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Perth Amboy - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/perth-amboy-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Bernards Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/bernards-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Plainfield - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/plainfield-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Bernardsville - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/bernardsville-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Hazlet - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/hazlet-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Jackson Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/jackson-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Woodbridge Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/woodbridge-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Woodbridge - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/woodbridge-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Middletown Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/middletown-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Howell Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/howell-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Willingboro Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/willingboro-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Willingboro - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/willingboro-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Mount Holly - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/mount-holly-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Keansburg - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/keansburg-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Riverside - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/riverside-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Westfield - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/westfield-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Tinton Falls - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/tinton-falls-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Delran - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/delran-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Carteret - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/carteret-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Red Bank - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/red-bank-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Rahway - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/rahway-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Eatontown - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/eatontown-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Cinnaminson - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/cinnaminson-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Lakewood - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/lakewood-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Linden - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/linden-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Morristown - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/morristown-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Ocean Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/ocean-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Moorestown - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/moorestown-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Roselle - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/roselle-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Mount Laurel - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/mount-laurel-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Neptune Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/neptune-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Rumson - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/rumson-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Long Branch - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/long-branch-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Union Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/union-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Wall Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/wall-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Medford - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/medford-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Asbury Park - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/asbury-park-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Randolph - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/randolph-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Maplewood - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/maplewood-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Elizabeth - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/elizabeth-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Brick Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/brick-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Pennsauken Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/pennsauken-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Pennsauken - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/pennsauken-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Hillside - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/hillside-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Cherry Hill - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/cherry-hill-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Irvington - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/irvington-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Livingston - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/livingston-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Point Pleasant - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/point-pleasant-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Evesham Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/evesham-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Troy Hills - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/troy-hills-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Collingswood - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/collingswood-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Bayonne - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/bayonne-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Haddon Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/haddon-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Toms River - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/toms-river-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Haddonfield - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/haddonfield-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Camden - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/camden-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [East Orange - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/east-orange-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Newark - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/newark-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [West Orange - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/west-orange-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Audubon - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/audubon-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Lacey Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/lacey-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Hopatcong - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/hopatcong-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Voorhees Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/voorhees-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Harrison - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/harrison-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Gloucester City - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/gloucester-city-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Barrington - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/barrington-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Rockaway Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/rockaway-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Berkeley Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/berkeley-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Bellmawr - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/bellmawr-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Bloomfield - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/bloomfield-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Kearny - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/kearny-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Montclair - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/montclair-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Belleville - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/belleville-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [North Arlington - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/north-arlington-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Jersey City - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/jersey-city-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Nutley - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/nutley-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Little Falls - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/little-falls-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Deptford Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/deptford-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Deptford - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/deptford-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Lyndhurst - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/lyndhurst-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [West Deptford - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/west-deptford-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Hoboken - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/hoboken-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Woodbury - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/woodbury-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Clifton - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/clifton-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Rutherford - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/rutherford-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Totowa - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/totowa-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Gloucester Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/gloucester-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Passaic - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/passaic-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [East Rutherford - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/east-rutherford-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Sparta Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/sparta-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Wallington - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/wallington-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Wayne - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/wayne-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Union City - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/union-city-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Washington Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/washington-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Paterson - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/paterson-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [North Bergen - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/north-bergen-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [West New York - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/west-new-york-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Garfield - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/garfield-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Barnegat Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/barnegat-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Mantua - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/mantua-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Hillsborough Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/hillsborough-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Princeton - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/princeton-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Robbinsville Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/robbinsville-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Monroe Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/monroe-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Ewing - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/ewing-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [West Windsor Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/west-windsor-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [West Windsor - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/west-windsor-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Hopewell Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/hopewell-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [South Brunswick - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/south-brunswick-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Hamilton Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/hamilton-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Mercer - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/mercer-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Spotswood - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/spotswood-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Raritan - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/raritan-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Lawrence Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/lawrence-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Somerville - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/somerville-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Trenton - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/trenton-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [East Windsor - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/east-windsor-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [East Brunswick - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/east-brunswick-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Old Bridge Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/old-bridge-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Bridgewater - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/bridgewater-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Bridgewater Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/bridgewater-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Franklin Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/franklin-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Manalapan Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/manalapan-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Bound Brook - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/bound-brook-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [South River - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/south-river-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Milltown - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/milltown-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [North Brunswick - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/north-brunswick-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Sayreville - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/sayreville-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [New Brunswick - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/new-brunswick-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Piscataway - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/piscataway-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Marlboro Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/marlboro-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Freehold Borough - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/freehold-borough-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Highland Park - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/highland-park-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Florence - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/florence-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Freehold Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/freehold-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Dunellen - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/dunellen-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Raritan Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/raritan-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Green Brook - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/green-brook-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Edison - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/edison-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Matawan - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/matawan-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Bedminster - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/bedminster-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Aberdeen Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/aberdeen-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [South Amboy - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/south-amboy-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [South Plainfield - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/south-plainfield-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Burlington Township - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/burlington-township-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Colts Neck - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/colts-neck-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Keyport - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/keyport-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Holmdel - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/holmdel-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [North Plainfield - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/north-plainfield-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Metuchen - (Orthopaedic Service Location)](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/metuchen-orthopaedic-service-location) **Published:** January 15, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions --- ### [Hillsborough Township](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/orthopedic_locations/hillsborough-township) **Published:** January 14, 2026 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** Description of Hillsborough Township and it's relationship to the nearest POA location.Description of Hillsborough Township and it's relationship to the nearest POA location.Description of Hillsborough Township and it's relationship to the nearest POA location.Description of Hillsborough Township and it's relationship to the nearest POA location. --- ## Glossary ### [POA Orthopaedic Services](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/glossary/poa-orthopaedic-services) **Published:** September 23, 2025 **Author:** BMHProductions **Content:** test **Categories:** test category --- ## Categories ### [Uncategorized](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/uncategorized/) --- ### [Shoulder](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/shoulder/) --- ### [Elbow](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/elbow/) --- ### [Wrist, Forearm, & Hand](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/wrist-forearm-hand/) --- ### [Hip](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/hip/) --- ### [Knee](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/knee/) --- ### [Spine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/spine/) --- ### [Diagnostic, Nonsurgical, & Physiatric](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/diagnostic-nonsurgical-physiatric/) --- ### [News](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/news/) --- ### [Urgent Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/urgent-care/) --- ### [Testimonial](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/testimonial/) --- ### [Tibia, Ankle, & Foot](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/tibia-ankle-foot/) --- ### [Joint Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/joint-care/) --- ### [Video](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/video/) --- ### [Welcome Video](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/welcome-video/) --- ### [Doctor Video](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/doctor-video/) --- ### [Orthopaedic Video](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/orthopaedic-video/) --- ### [Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/physical-therapy/) --- ### [Doctor Spotlight](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/doctor-spotlight/) --- ### [Podiatry](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/podiatry/) --- ### [Post-Op Message](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/post-op-message/) --- ### [Pre-Op Message](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/pre-op-message/) --- ### [Arthritis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/arthritis/) --- ### [Sports Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/sports-medicine/) --- ### [POA Careers](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/poa-careers/) --- ### [Back](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/back/) --- ### [Orthopaedic Conditions](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/orthopaedic-conditions/) --- ### [Patient Information](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/category/patient-information/) **Description:** patient information handouts --- ## Tags ### [Shoulder](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/shoulder/) --- ### [Conditions](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/conditions/) --- ### [Sports Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/sports-medicine/) --- ### [Gutowski](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/gutowski/) --- ### [Orthopaedic](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/orthopaedic/) --- ### [POA](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/poa/) --- ### [Princeton Orthopaedic](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/princeton-orthopaedic/) --- ### [Urgent Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/urgent-care/) --- ### [Abrams](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/abrams/) --- ### [Omnia](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/omnia/) --- ### [Culp](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/culp/) --- ### [Rossy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/rossy/) --- ### [Penn Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/penn-medicine/) --- ### [Wrist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/wrist/) --- ### [Forearm](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/forearm/) --- ### [Hand](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/hand/) --- ### [Ark](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/ark/) --- ### [Foot](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/foot/) --- ### [Ankle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/ankle/) --- ### [Elbow](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/elbow/) --- ### [Knee](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/knee/) --- ### [Cartilage](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/cartilage/) --- ### [Bronsnick](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/bronsnick/) --- ### [Prodromo](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/prodromo/) --- ### [Hip](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/hip/) --- ### [Song](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/song/) --- ### [Joint Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/joint-care/) --- ### [Pressman](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/pressman/) --- ### [Diagnostic](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/diagnostic/) --- ### [Non-Surgical](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/nonsurgical/) --- ### [Physiatric](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/physiatric/) --- ### [Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/physical-therapy/) --- ### [Spine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/spine/) --- ### [Mizrachi](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/mizrachi/) --- ### [Tibia](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/tibia/) --- ### [Grenis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/grenis/) --- ### [Orthopaedic Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/orthopaedic-surgery/) --- ### [Hasan](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/hasan/) --- ### [Levine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/levine/) --- ### [PA-C](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/pa-c/) --- ### [Procedures](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/procedures/) --- ### [Back](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/back/) --- ### [Non-Operative](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/non-operative/) --- ### [General Orthopaedics](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/general-orthopaedics/) --- ### [Podiatry](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/podiatry/) --- ### [Joint Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/joint-replacement/) --- ### [Trauma](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/trauma/) --- ### [Bezwada](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/bezwada/) --- ### [Boniello](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/boniello/) --- ### [Brosnick](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/brosnick/) --- ### [Moskwa](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/moskwa/) --- ### [Nazarian](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/nazarian/) --- ### [Stier](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/stier/) --- ### [Vannozzi](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/vannozzi/) --- ### [Neck Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/neck-pain/) --- ### [Shoulder Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/shoulder-pain/) --- ### [Bad Posture](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/bad-posture/) --- ### [Knee Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/knee-pain/) --- ### [Hoffa Syndrome](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/hoffa-syndrome/) --- ### [Patellofemoral Syndrome](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/patellofemoral-syndrome/) --- ### [Fat Pad Impingement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/fat-pad-impingement/) --- ### [Hoffa's Syndrome](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/hoffas-syndrome/) --- ### [Back Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/back-pain/) --- ### [Herniated Disc](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/herniated-disc/) --- ### [Bulging Disc](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/bulging-disc/) --- ### [Relieve Herniated Disc](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/relieve-herniated-disc/) --- ### [Back Surgury](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/back-surgury/) --- ### [Ankle Weakness](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/ankle-weakness/) --- ### [Fibula](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/fibula/) --- ### [TFI Causes](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/tfi-causes/) --- ### [TFI Treatments](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/tfi-treatments/) --- ### [Tibia Fibula Instability](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/tibia-fibula-instability/) --- ### [Vertiflex](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/vertiflex/) --- ### [Vertiflex Procedure](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/vertiflex-procedure/) --- ### [Spinal Stenosis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/spinal-stenosis/) --- ### [Spinal Stenosis Treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/spinal-stenosis-treatment/) --- ### [Ganglion Cyst](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/ganglion-cyst/) --- ### [hands](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/hands/) --- ### [joints](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/joints/) --- ### [psoriasis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/psoriasis/) --- ### [arthritis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/arthritis/) --- ### [Sciatic Nerve](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/sciatic-nerve/) --- ### [Sciatica](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/sciatica/) --- ### [Bursitis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/bursitis/) --- ### [treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/treatment/) --- ### [ankle pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/ankle-pain/) --- ### [Ankle treatment](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/ankle-treatment/) --- ### [prevention](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/prevention/) --- ### [Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/patellofemoral-pain-syndrome/) --- ### [PFPS](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/pfps/) --- ### [Runner's knee](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/runners-knee/) --- ### [Injuries](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/injuries/) --- ### [Elbow pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/elbow-pain/) --- ### [joint pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/joint-pain/) --- ### [Spine Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/spine-pain/) --- ### [referred pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/referred-pain/) --- ### [referring pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/referring-pain/) --- ### [phantom pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/phantom-pain/) --- ### [ACNP](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/acnp/) --- ### [Physiatry](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/physiatry/) --- ### [Horling](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/horling/) --- ### [Feet](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/feet/) --- ### [Pain Management](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/pain-management/) --- ### [Physical Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/physical-medicine/) --- ### [Rehabilitation](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/rehabilitation/) --- ### [Turf Toe](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/turf-toe/) --- ### [Muscles](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/muscles/) --- ### [Torn Muscles](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/torn-muscles/) --- ### [Muscle Tear](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/muscle-tear/) --- ### [Bone Spur](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/bone-spur/) --- ### [Lower Back Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/lower-back-pain/) --- ### [Lower Back Stretches](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/lower-back-stretches/) --- ### [Hoffa Fat Pad](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/hoffa-fat-pad/) --- ### [Knee Fat Pad Impingement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/knee-fat-pad-impingement/) --- ### [Orthopaedic Knee](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/orthopaedic-knee/) --- ### [MCL Tear](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/mcl-tear/) --- ### [Torn MCL](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/torn-mcl/) --- ### [Knee Conditions](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/knee-conditions/) --- ### [SI Joint](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/si-joint/) --- ### [Sacroiliac Joint](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/sacroiliac-joint/) --- ### [Orthopaedic hip specialist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/orthopaedic-hip-specialist/) --- ### [Hip Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/hip-pain/) --- ### [Leg](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/leg/) --- ### [Thumb Twitching](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/thumb-twitching/) --- ### [Hand Doctor](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/hand-doctor/) --- ### [Hip Surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/hip-surgery/) --- ### [Bipolar Hip Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/bipolar-hip-replacement/) --- ### [Shin Splints](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/shin-splints/) --- ### [Sports Med Doc](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/sports-med-doc/) --- ### [Sports Medicine Doctor](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/sports-medicine-doctor/) --- ### [Pain in the Front of Your Lower Leg](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/pain-in-the-front-of-your-lower-leg/) --- ### [Bursitis of the Knee](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/bursitis-of-the-knee/) --- ### [Hip Bursitis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/hip-bursitis/) --- ### [Elbow Bursitis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/elbow-bursitis/) --- ### [Knee Doctor](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/knee-doctor/) --- ### [Baker's Cyst](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/bakers-cyst/) --- ### [Achilles Tendon](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/achilles-tendon/) --- ### [Physician Assistant Week](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/physician-assistant-week/) --- ### [Cubital Tunnel](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/cubital-tunnel/) --- ### [Pickleball](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/pickleball/) --- ### [muscle sprain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/muscle-sprain/) --- ### [sprain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/sprain/) --- ### [sprained muscle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/sprained-muscle/) --- ### [strain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/strain/) --- ### [tear](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/tear/) --- ### [torn muscle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/torn-muscle/) --- ### [muscle strain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/muscle-strain/) --- ### [de Quervain's tenosynovitis](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/de-quervains-tenosynovitis/) --- ### [Mommy Thumb](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/mommy-thumb/) --- ### [Pain From Lifting Baby](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/pain-from-lifting-baby/) --- ### [Pain in Base of Thumb](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/pain-in-base-of-thumb/) --- ### [Thumb](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/thumb/) --- ### [Thumb Pain](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/thumb-pain/) --- ### [Jobs](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/jobs/) --- ### [Careers](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/careers/) --- ### [Carpal Tunnel](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/carpal-tunnel/) --- ### [Pinched Nerve](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/pinched-nerve/) --- ### [Physiatrist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/physiatrist/) --- ### [Hip Flexor](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/hip-flexor/) --- ### [Meniscus Tear](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/meniscus-tear/) --- ### [Torn Meniscus](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/torn-meniscus/) --- ### [ACL Tear](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/acl-tear/) --- ### [IT Band](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/it-band/) --- ### [Knee Popping](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/knee-popping/) --- ### [Knee Orthopaedics](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/knee-orthopaedics/) --- ### [tylenol](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/tylenol/) --- ### [aleve](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/aleve/) --- ### [Understanding pain relievers](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/understanding-pain-relievers/) --- ### [torn knee](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/torn-knee/) --- ### [injured meniscus](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/injured-meniscus/) --- ### [meniscus surgery](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/meniscus-surgery/) --- ### [Posture](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/posture/) --- ### [Orthopaedic Treatments](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/orthopaedic-treatments/) --- ### [Orthopedic Treatments](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/orthopedic-treatments/) --- ### [Treatments](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/treatments/) --- ### [Foot and Ankle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/foot-and-ankle/) --- ### [acronyms](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/tag/acronyms/) --- ## Specialties ### [Elbow Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/elbow/) --- ### [Epidural/Injection Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/epidural-injections/) --- ### [EMG/NCS Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/emg-ncs/) --- ### [Foot & Ankle Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/foot-and-ankle/) --- ### [Hip Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/hip/) --- ### [Knee Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/knee/) --- ### [Non-Operative Sports Medicine/Physiatrists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/non-operative-sports-medicine/) --- ### [Orthopaedic Surgeons](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/orthopaedic-surgeons/) **Description:** Princeton Orthopaedic Associates has over 25 highly-trained, award-winning, board-certified Orthopaedic Surgeons in New Jersey --- ### [Orthopedic Trauma Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/orthopaedic-trauma/) --- ### [Physiatrists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/physiatrists/) --- ### [Physician Assistants](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/physician-assistants/) --- ### [Podiatrists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/podiatrists/) --- ### [Shoulder Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/shoulder/) --- ### [Joint Replacement Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/joint-care/) --- ### [Hand & Wrist Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/hand-wrist/) --- ### [Cartilage Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/cartilage/) --- ### [Spine Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/spine/) --- ### [Urgent Care Specialists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/urgent-care/) --- ### [Sports Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/sports-medicine/) --- ### [Acute Care Nurse Practitioner](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/specialties/acute-care-nurse-practitioner/) --- ## Area ### [Spine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/spine/) --- ### [Sports Medicine](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/sports-medicine/) --- ### [Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physical-and-occupational-therapists/) --- ### [Joint Replacement](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/joint-care/) --- ### [Podiatry](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/podiatry/) --- ### [Physiatry](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physiatry/) --- ### [Urgent Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/urgent-care/) --- ### [Non-Operative](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/non-operative/) --- ### [General Orthopaedics](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/general-orthopaedics/) --- ### [Hand and Wrist](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hand-wrist/) --- ### [Foot and Ankle](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/foot-ankle/) --- ### [Elbow](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/elbow/) --- ### [Hip](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/hip/) --- ### [Knee](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/knee/) --- ### [Shoulder](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/shoulder/) --- ### [Diagnostic](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/diagnostic/) --- ### [Trauma Care](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/trauma/) --- ### [Physical & Occupational Therapists](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/services/physical-and-occupational-therapists/physical-and-occupational-therapists2/) --- ## Service Types ### [Procedures](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/service-type/procedures/) --- ### [Conditions](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/service-type/conditions/) --- ## Departments ### [Physical Therapy](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physical-therapy/) --- ### [Billing](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/billing/) --- ### [Insurance](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/insurance/) --- ### [Physicians](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/physicians/) --- ### [Main](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/contacts/main/) --- ## Categories ### [test category](https://www.princetonorthopaedic.com/glossary_cat/test-category/) ---